[英语]湖南省张家界市2021年中考真题英语试题试卷(原题版+解析版)

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请同学们注意：
本次考试包括听力、完形填空、阅读理解和写作四个大题，闭卷，听力测试采取在考室放录音的方式，听力材料以中速朗读两遍。
本试卷满分 100 分，考试时间120 分钟。
考试结束后，请将答题卷和试题卷一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共三节，满分 20 分）
做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5 小题; 每小题1分，满分5 分）
听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟; 听完后，每小题有5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。
1. Where is Mary nw?
A. She is in the bedrm. B. She is in the museum. C. She is in the study rm.
2. Hw did they get t Changsha?
A. By car. B. By train. C. By plane.
3. Hw des the man feel abut his wrk?
A. It’s fun. B. It’s bring. C. It’s terrible.
4. What sprts des Jim prefer nw?
A. Playing basketball. B. Playing sccer. C. Playing tennis.
5. Where are the speakers talking?
A.In a shp. B. In a restaurant. C. In a hspital.
第二节（共5小题; 每小题1分，满分 5 分）
听下面两段对话，每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟; 听完后，每小题有5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。
听第6 段对话，回答第 6 和第 7 两个小题。
6. Hw des Rick g t schl?
A. By bus. B. On ft. C. By bike.
7. Hw far is it frm his hme t schl?
A. Abut 10 kilmeters. B. Abut 12 kilmeters. C. Abut 15 kilmeters.
听第 7段对话，回答第 8 至第 10 三个小题。
8. What is tmrrw?
A. Mm’s birthday. B. Teachers’ Day. C. Father’s Day.
9. What are they ging t d fr Mm?
A. Buy a present. B. Make a card. C. Make fruit salad.
10. Hw many apples d they need?
A. One. B.Tw. C.Three.
第三节（共5小题; 每小题2分，满分 10 分）
听下面一段独白，根据所听内容填空。听独白前，你有25秒钟的时间阅读表格中的内容, 听完后有 25 秒钟的作答时间。独白读两遍。
第二部分 完形填空（共 15 小题; 每小题1分，满分 15 分）
通读下面短文，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项填空，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。
A
Hw d yu get t schl? D yu walk r ride a bike? D yu g by bus ____1____ by train? ____2____ many students, it is easy t get t schl. But fr the students in ne small village in China, it is ____3____ . There is a very big ____4____ between their schl and the village. There is n bridge and the river runs t ____5____ fr bats. S these students g n a rpeway t ____6____ the river t schl.
Many f the students and villagers never leave the village. It is their dream t have a bridge. Can their ____7____ cme true?
1. A. rB. sC. but
2. A. InB. FrC. At
3. A. difficultB. easyC. relaxing
4. A. libraryB. parkC. river
5. A. quickB. quicklyC. slw
6. A. crssB. acrssC. crssing
7. A. huseB. dreamC. village
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【分析】文章介绍了上学对很多学生来说很容易，但是对中国一个小村庄的学生来说非常困难，并介绍了他们上学的方式以及他们的梦想。
【1题详解】
句意：你乘公共汽车去还是乘火车去？
r或者；s因此；but但是；根据“D yu walk r ride a bike?”可知，此处也是两者之间表选择，应用r连接，故选A。
【2题详解】
句意：对许多学生来说，上学很容易。
In在……里面；Fr对于……来说；At在……点时；结合语境及“But fr the students in ne small village in China”可知，此处表达的是“对于很多学生来说”，应用介词fr，故选B。
【3题详解】
句意：但是对于中国一个小村庄的学生来说，这很困难。
difficult困难的；easy容易的；relaxing令人放松的；根据“it is easy t get t schl.”以及but转折以及“There is a very river t schl.”可知，此处指的是“对于一个小村庄的学生来说，上学很难”，故选A。
【4题详解】
句意：他们的学校和村子之间有一条很宽的河。
library图书馆；park公园；river河流；根据“There is n bridge and the river”可知，学校和村子之间有条河，故选C。
【5题详解】
句意：河上没有桥，河水湍急，不适合划船。
quick快的；quickly块地；slw慢的；空格修饰动词要用副词，故选B。
【6题详解】
句意：所以这些学生就乘索道过河去上学。
crss越过，动词；acrss穿过，介词；crssing十字路口；空格前有t，其后接动词原形，表示穿过河流，故选A。
【7题详解】
句意：他们的梦想能实现吗？
huse房子；dream梦想；village村庄；根据“It is their dream t have a bridge.”可知，此处指的是他们的梦想能实现吗，故选B。
B
What makes us ill? It is the germs（细菌）. ____8____ are everywhere. The are very ____9____ . Yu can’t find them with yur eyes, but yu can see them ____10____ a micrscpe（显微镜）. There culd be hundreds f them n a very small thing.
Germs are always fund in ____11____ water. When we lk at dirty water under the micrscpe, we shall see ____12____ . S yur father and mther will nt let yu drink dirty water.
Germs are fund nt nly in ____13____ . They are fund ____14____ in air and dust（灰尘）. When yu ____15____ yur finger, if sme dust frm the flr ges int the cut, sme germs wuld g int yur finger. Then yu will have much pain in it. Smetimes germs wuld g int all f yur bdy, and yu wuld have pain everywhere.
8. A. GermsB. BksC. Gardens
9. A. bigB. smallC. lng
10. A. withB. tC. f
11. A. cleanB. tidyC. dirty
12. A. themB. himC. they
13. A. fdB. drinkC. water
14. A. neitherB. alsC. t
15. A. cutB. checkC. make
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. A 11. C 12. A 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【分析】文章介绍了细菌都会在生活中哪里会被发现以及细菌对人类的危害。
【8题详解】
句意：细菌无处不在。
Germs细菌；Bks书；Gardens花园；根据“What makes us ill? It is the germs（细菌）. ”可知，此处说的是细菌无处不在，故选A。
【9题详解】
句意：它们很小
big大的；small小的；lng长的；根据“Yu can’t find them with yur eyes”可知，细菌是非常小的，故选B。
【10题详解】
句意：你用眼睛找不到它们，但你可以用显微镜看到它们。
with用；t朝，向；f……的；根据“a micrscpe”可知，此处指的是用显微镜能看到细菌，故选A。
【11题详解】
句意：在脏水里总能发现细菌。
clean干净的；tidy整洁的；dirty脏的；根据“When we lk at dirty water under the micrscpe”可知，此处指的是在脏水里能发现细菌，故选C。
【12题详解】
句意：当我们在显微镜下观察脏水时，我们会看到它们。
them它们，宾格；him他；they它们，主格；空格作动词的宾语，应用宾格；此处指代的是前面提到的复数名词Germs，应用them代替，故选A。
【13题详解】
句意：细菌不仅存在于水中。
fd食物；drink饮料；water水；根据“Germs are always fund ”可知，这里说的是细菌不仅存在于水中，故选C。
【14题详解】
句意：它们也存于空气和灰尘中。
neither两者都不；als也，用于肯定句句中；t也，用于肯定句句末；根据“Germs are fund nt nly in...”可知，此处表达的是“也”，肯定句句中用als，故选B。
【15题详解】
句意：当你割伤手指时，如果地板上的灰尘进入伤口，一些细菌就会进入你的手指。
cut切，割；check检查；make制作；根据“if sme dust frm the flr ges int the cut”可知，此处说的是如果切到手指，故选A。
第三部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节（共15小题; 每小题2分，满分 30分）
阅读下面材料，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Welcme t Tmrrw Htel
16. Hw many peple can stay at the htel?
A. 55B. 120C. 128
17. What des the underlined wrd “charges” mean?
A. ReasnsB. CstsC. Places
18. When is lunch time in Tmrrw Htel?
A. 6:00 a.m.B. 7:00 p.m.C. N lunch served
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. C
【解析】
【分析】文章是对明天旅店的广告介绍，包括基础设施、价格以及餐饮情况等。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Facilities”中的信息“128 beds”可知，这个旅店能住128人，故选C。
【17题详解】
词义猜测题。根据对应表格的信息“●Under 18 ¥55 ● Adults ¥120”可知，这是价格，所以单词“Charges”指的是“价格，费用”，故选B。
【18题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Meal Time”中的信息“● Breakfast at 7:30a.m.● Dinner 5:30p.m. — 7:00p.m.”可知，没有提到午餐的时间，说明该旅店可能没有提供午餐，故选C。
B
Hi, I’m Girgi. I’m frm Sicily. It’s a beautiful island in Italy. I live in a village n the cast（海岸）. The sea is blue and I like t g fishing.
The capital f Italy is Rme. It is a very ld city full f famus buildings. St Peter’s is a very big and beautiful church（教堂） there.
Rme is very busy, but Milan is busier than Rme. It is in the nrth west f Italy. D yu knw its famus ftball team? Milan has a ppulatin f 4 millin peple. Peple are busy wrking.
Venice is n the sea, and peple use bats, nt bicycles r buses fr transprt. Venice is beautiful, with lvely, ld bridges and buildings by the water.
I’m happy n my island—and we have very gd pizzas.
19. Where is Girgi frm?
A. Italy.B. India.C. England.
20. Rme is ________.
A. busier than MilanB. the capital f ItalyC. famus fr ftball
21. Milan has a ppulatin f ________.
A. 4 millin pepleB. 5 millin pepleC. 6 millin peple
22. If yu are in Venice, hw will yu g t schl?
A. By bat.B. By busC. By bike.
【答案】19. A 20. B 21. A 22. A
【解析】
【分析】文章主要是介绍意大利的几个城市的情况。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Hi, I’m Girgi. I’m frm Sicily. It’s a beautiful island in Italy.”可知，Girgi来自意大利，故选A。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The capital f Italy is Rme.”可知，罗马是意大利的首都，故选B。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Milan has a ppulatin f 4 millin peple.”可知，米兰有400万人口。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Venice is n the sea, and peple use bats, nt bicycles r buses fr transprt.”可知，威尼斯在海上，人们用船，而不是自行车或公共汽车来运输。故选A。
C
Ptates were first grwn in the Andes in Suth America. In 1586, they were taken t Eurpe by explrers(探险家). In 1719, they were taken t Nrth America. Befre 1719, nbdy in Nrth America had ever seen r eaten a ptat. Tday, each American eats mre than 60 kils f ptates a year.
23. Where were ptates first grwn?
A. In Nrth America.
B. In Eurpe.
C. In the Andes in Suth America.
24. Wh tk the ptates in Eurpe?
A. Artists.B. Explrers.C. Dctrs.
25. When were ptates taken t Nrth America?
A. In 1719.B. In 1586.C. In 1791.
26. Hw many ptates des an American eat in ne year tday?
A. Mre than 55 kils.B. Mre than 60 kils.C. Mre than 65 kils.
【答案】23. C 24. B 25. A 26. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述的是土豆最开始种植在南美的安第斯山脉。后来被带到欧洲和北美。现在一个美国人一年吃超过60千克的土豆。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Ptates were first grwn in the Andes in Suth America”可知土豆最开始种植在南美的安第斯山脉。故选C。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据“ In 1586, they were taken t Eurpe by explrers”可知探险家把土豆带到欧洲。故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据“In 1719, they were taken t Nrth America”可知在1719年，土豆被带到北美。故选A。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Tday, each American eats mre than 60 kils f ptates a year”一个美国人一年吃超过60千克的土豆。故选B。
D
Flrence Nightingale was brn n May 12th, 1820. In 1851 she trained as a nurse. Tw years later she went t a British military（军事的）hspital s that she culd help British sldiers. Befre she arrived, many sldiers died in the hspital because it was dirty. Nightingale wrked hard t make the hspital clean and stp sldiers dying. When she returned t England in 1856, she was a natinal herine. Nightingale wrte tw bks abut nursing and she als started a schl t train nurses. She died in Lndn n August 13th, 1910, when she was 90 years ld.
27. What was Flrence Nightingale’s jb?
A. A nurse.B. A sldier.C. An artist.
28. Hw many bks did she write?
A. One.B. Tw.C. Three.
29. Which f the fllwing is NOT true abut the article?
A. In 1851 she went t a British military hspital.
B. In 1856 she returned t England.
C. In 1910 she died in Lndn.
30. What wuld be the best title fr the article?
A. A British Sldier.
B. A British Military Hspital.
C. A Famus British Nurse.
【答案】27. A 28. B 29. A 30. C
【解析】
【分析】本文主要介绍了著名的英国护士——佛罗伦萨·南丁格尔。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据“In 1851 she trained as a nurse.”可知，南丁格尔是一名护士。故选A。
28题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Nightingale wrte tw bks abut nursing and she als started a schl t train nurses.”可知，南丁格尔写了两本书。故选B。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据“ In 1851 she trained as a nurse. Tw years later she went t a British military hspital s that she culd help British sldiers.”可知，1851她接受了护士培训，两年后她去了英国军队医院，A选项表述有误。故选A。
【30题详解】
最佳标题题。阅读全文可知，本文主要介绍了著名的英国护士南丁格尔的事迹。故选C。
第二节（共5 小题; 每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
阅读下面短文，根据所读内容回答问题。
Dear Mum and Dad,
I’m very happy t spend sme time with Lingling’s uncle in Hunan prvince, and I’m having a wnderful time here in Wulingyuan Scenic and Histric Interest Area. It’s very large, abut 390 square kilmeters, and it’s a magic land f muntains, frests and rivers. It’s famus fr the strange shape f its all rcks.
Last night we camped by a small lake. During the night, I heard a lud nise, as if smene was laughing. I wke up Lingling and her uncle, and I asked them what the nise was. Lingling’s uncle tld us nt t wrry, and left the tent t find ut what it was. After a few minutes, he tld us t cme ut quickly. Then he pinted int the frest. It was a mnkey. When it saw us, it jumped up int the trees and went back int the frest.
Tmrrw we’re ging t Munt Tianzi. I’ll g back next week! Wish yu were here!
Lve,
Sally.
31. Hw large is Wulingyuan Scenic and Histric Interest Area?
________________
32. What is it famus fr?
________________
33. Where did they camp last night?
________________
34. Accrding t the article, what animals will yu prbably see if yu g there?
________________
35. Have yu ever been t Wulingyuan Scenic and Histric Interest Area?
________________
【答案】31. It’s abut 390 square kilmeters.
32. It’s famus fr the strange shape f its all rcks.
33. They camped by a small lake.
34. Mnkeys./I(We) will prbably see mnkeys.
35. Yes./N.
【解析】
【分析】文章作者写信给父母介绍了自己在湖南和玲玲的叔叔度过的美好时光以及游览的情况。
【31题详解】
根据“I’m having a wnderful time here in Wulingyuan Scenic and Histric Interest Area. It’s very large, abut 390 square kilmeters”可知，武陵源风景名胜区约390平方公里，故填It’s abut 390 square kilmeters.
【32题详解】
根据“It’s famus fr the strange shape f its all rcks.”可知，它以岩石的奇形怪状而闻名。故填It’s famus fr the strange shape f its all rcks.
【33题详解】
根据“Last night we camped by a small lake.”可知，昨晚他们在湖边露营，故填They camped by a small lake.
【34题详解】
根据“Then he pinted int the frest. It was a mnkey. When it saw us, it jumped up int the trees and went back int the frest.”可知，在那里露营可能会看到猴子，故填Mnkeys./I(We) will prbably see mnkeys.
【35题详解】
我去过武陵源风景名胜区，那里风景很美；我没有去过武陵源风景名胜区；故填Yes./N.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 25 分）
第一节 补全对话（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10 分）
阅读下面对话，根据上下文补全对话内容。
A: Yu dn’t lk well ________36________?
B: I have a sre thrat.
A: ________37________?
B: Yes. My temperature seems all right.
A: ________38________?
B:I have been like this fr three days.
A: Open yur muth and say “Ah”.
B:Ah!
A: Yu have caught a cld.
B: ________39________?
A:Yu shuld take this medicine three times a day.Then yu'll be OK
B: Thank yu very much.
A: ________40________.
【答案】36. What’s wrng with yu?/What’s the matter with yu?/What’s the truble with yu?
37. Did yu take yur temperature?/Have yu taken yur temperature?
38. Hw lng have yu been like this?
39. What shuld I d?
40. Yu’re welcme.
【解析】
【分析】这则对话A看到B身体不舒服，询问B怎么了。B讲述喉咙不舒服，体温正常，A询问症状持续的时间，并让B张嘴检查，认为B得了感冒，然后建议B吃药一天三次。
【36题详解】
根据“I have a sre thrat” B讲述喉咙不舒服，可知A询问B怎么了。故填What’s wrng with yu?/What’s the matter with yu?/What’s the truble with yu?
【37题详解】
根据“Yes”可知是一般疑问句，根据“My temperature seems all right”可知B讲述自己的体温正常，可知A询问B是否测了体温。故填Did yu take yur temperature?/Have yu taken yur temperature?
【38题详解】
根据“I have been like this fr three days”B讲述这种情况持续了三天，可知A 询问B像这样有多长时间。故填Hw lng have yu been like this?
【39题详解】
根据“Yu have caught a cld”及 “Yu shuld take this medicine three times a day”A说B得了感冒，需要吃这种药一天三次，可知B询问的是他应该做什么。故填What shuld I d?
40题详解】
根据“Thank yu very much”B表示感谢，A回答应该表达“不客气”。故填Yu’re welcme.
第二节 书面表达（满分 15 分）
41. 假如你是李华，你们班上打算举办关于“My Habits”的主题班会。请你根据下面的提示，写一篇英语短文。
要求∶
1.内容必须包括所提示信息，可适当发挥;
2.文中不能出现自己的真实姓名和学校名称;
3.不少于50词（文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。
Hell, everyne. I’m Li Hua.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thank yu!
【答案】One pssible versin:
Hell, everyne! I’m Li Hua. Tday I want t talk abut my habits. I have a lt f gd habits. I always exercise and read bks every day. Als, I ften drink juice. Hwever, I have sme bad habits, t. I usually watch TV fr mre than tw hurs a day, and I ften eat hamburgers fr dinner. My parents are nt happy because I never help with husewrk.
That’s all. Thank yu!
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】1. 题干解读：题目要求根据提示词语和提示要点，描述自己的习惯，包括好习惯和坏习惯等，写作时要运用正确的英语表达，要选用恰当的词汇和短语。
2. 写作指导：写作时要紧扣主题，用第一人称来写作，时态以一般现在时为主，要做到要点齐全，无单词拼写和语法错误。
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Jane’s Diary Entry abut Her Vacatin
Time
It was 11 , July 20th.
Weather
It was 12 .
Place
They went t a (an) 13 .
Things they did
They 14 and had sme lcal fd.
Feeling
They had a(an) 15 day.
Facilities
Charges
Meal Time
● 128 beds
● Open 24 hurs all year
● Car park
● Games rm
● Washing machines
● N smking
● Under 18 ¥55
● Adults ¥120
● Breakfast at 7:30a.m.
● Dinner 5:30p.m. — 7:00p.m.
Gd Habits
Bad habits
Activities
exercise
read bks
drink juice
Hw ften
always
every day
ften
Activities
watch TV
eat hamburgers
help with husewrk
Hw ften
always
ften
never