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天津市和平区第一中学2023-2024学年高一下学期6月月考英语试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份天津市和平区第一中学2023-2024学年高一下学期6月月考英语试题（Word版附解析），共28页。试卷主要包含了 Mr等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Ⅰ.单项填空(共15小题，满分15分)
1. —D yu think Peter will give up the risky plan?
— . He is s stubbrn that he wn’t listen t anyne’s pinin.
A. N wayB. Nt a littleC. Nt a big dealD. N dubt
2. Zack’s live bradcast gave a vivid f the Luvre’s mst amazing treasures.
A. ladB. accuntC. attemptD. draft
3. The visitrs t Flrence are greatly impressed with the Cathedral cnstructed in the Renaissance.
A. frequentB. thrillingC. magnificentD. fascinated
4. With the rapid develpment alng the Huangpu River, a new “pening methd” has been adpted fr the industrial heritage sites that alng the riverbank.
A. expandB. btainC. spreadD. stretch
5. Mre expressways ________ in Sichuan sn t prmte the lcal ecnmy.
A. are being builtB. will be built
C. have been builtD. had been built
6. At the age f 84, Tu Yuyu was awarded the Nbel Prize fr Medicine, ______her the first female Chinese scientist ______ the award.
A making; t winB. t make; winningC. making; winningD. t make; t win
7. At cllege, Barack Obama didn’t knw that he the first black president f the United States f America.
A. was t becmeB. will becmeC. had becmeD. became
8. _____ it is true that a student’s mst imprtant gal is t d well in her r his studies, it desn’t need t be the nly gal.
A. AsB. WhileC. WhenD. Since
9. Everywhere in the wrld, as t liver cancer, there is n bvius breakthrugh that’s .
A. in brught lightB. n bardC. in chargeD. n the hrizn
10. Mr. Smith ______ t Beijing, fr I saw him in the library just nw.
A. needn’t have gneB. mustn’t have gne
C. can’t have gneD. shuldn’t have gne
11. The mnument was built in hnr f the explrer wh was believed _____ the river.
A. t have discveredB. t have been discvered
C. t discverD. having been discvered
12. The building, frm ______tp visitrs can enjy a gd view f Sanya, attracts hundreds f turists every day.
A. whichB. whseC. itsD. where
13. Franklin, as well as many ther scientists, us t make scientific discveries by cnducting experiments.
A. have inspiredB. has inspiredC. are inspiringD. had inspired
14. All her time _________ experiments, she has n time fr entertainment.
A. devted t dingB. devted t d
C. devting t dD. is devted t ding
15. remains significant is we have an incredible desire t think and create. That’s the real spirit f inventin.
A. That; thatB. What; thatC. That; whatD. What; what
II.完形填空(共20小题，满分30分)
I’d just gtten ut f hspital myself. Five days after my mther____16____ , a tire f my car blew. I was ging 50mph when I cmpletely lst ____17____: my car____18____ head—n int a cncrete barrier. I shuld have been ____19____ but frtunately I survived. Physically I healed quickly, but the____20____ injuries and fear f my wn death stayed n. Sn even____21____ activities, like driving a car r visiting my dctr, filled me with great fear. Eventually I fell int a state f____22____and stpped seeing friends. I even didn’t want t g anywhere and feel anything.
Then, last February, I was invited by my friends t g____23____in Clrad. My first respnse was t____24____. I didn’t want t get n a plane, attach sticks ____25____ my feet r slide dwn a muntain. The mere thught f meeting new peple____26____me. But I had a sense that this jurney might be the brilliant sunlight I____27____needed. I finally agreed.
The first day, I was____28____with Peter, an experienced cach. He sensed my fear, patiently remving it with a smile and jkes. I was abslutely terrified f ____29____myself, but his gentle encuragement kept me ging. Then he said smething that made me nd in recgnitin, “Jill, fear____30____everything.” Peter was talking abut skiing, abut hw yur muscles ____31____when yu are afraid, ften causing yu t fall. And it’s particularly true in life as well. When yu permit fear t ____32____yu frm ding what yu lve, life stps. With Peter’s wrds in mind, I kept practicing.
By the end f the day, I’d imprved enugh t fly dwn hills that had ____33____me, a bright smile n my face and tears in my eyes. Tears were nt frm the cld but frm____34____. I’d faced my fears n the muntain, and I knew____35____the rest wuldn’t be far behind.
16. A. passed nB. passed awayC. gt verD. gt thrugh
17. A. senseB. sightC. memryD. cntrl
18. A. crashedB. struckC. fldedD. flew
19. A. injuredB. relaxedC. killedD. frightened
20. A. hurtfulB. emtinalC. severeD. brain
21. A. basicB. specialC. persnalD. meaningful
22. A. dullnessB. thrillC. anxietyD. embarrassment
23. A. climbingB. skiingC. hikingD. camping
24. A. escapeB. cnsiderC. acceptD. refuse
25. A. nB. inC. tD. with
26. A. puzzledB. delightedC. tiredD. surprised
27. A. accuratelyB. desperatelyC. accidentallyD. finally
28. A. pairedB. familiarC. bredD. angry
29. A. lsingB. changingC. upsettingD. hurting
30. A. scaresB. stpsC. fllwsD. cnquers
31. A. tense upB. give upC. wake upD. turn up
32 A. pressB. preventC. stimulateD. inspire
33. A. scaredB. attractedC. bredD. interested
34. A. bitternessB. tughnessC. gratefulnessD. peacefulness
35. A. embracingB. quittingC. challengingD. vercming
III.阅读理解(共12个小题，满分30分)
A
As a child, I was prud f my suthern rigin. My wn vice reflected my family’s past and present-part nrthern Mississippi, part Tennessee, all suthern. There was n sund I lved mre than my grandmther’s accent: thick, sweet, warm.
While grwing up, I began t realize utside f ur regin, sutherners were ften dismissed as uncultured and ignrant. I was ready t leave behind my tiny twn in West Tennessee, starting a new life and jumping at big chances in sme far-ff cities. In that embarrassing space between “teen” and “adult”, my accent was a symbl f everything I thught I hated abut my life in the rural Suth. I feared it wuld disqualify me frm being a nted magazine writer. I wuld have t talk less “cuntry”. S I killed a piece f myself. I’m ashamed f it, but I’m mre ashamed that I tried t kill that part f smene else-change Emily’s accent.
I met Emily in cllege. She was determined t wrk fr the student newspaper, which was where I spent mst f my waking hurs, and we became friends. She, unlike me, accepted her rts. Early in ur friendship, her mther asked where I was frm, assuming it was smewhere up nrth. Then I felt my effrts paid ff and even wanted t ignre the mistake.
Emily is tw years yunger and she cared abut my pinin. I advised her t be mre like me and hide her signature Manchester accent. I stressed that thrughut ur cllege years, ften by making fun f her vwel (元音) sunds. I tld myself I was helping her achieve her dream f wrking as a reprter. Nw, I see that it was actually abut justifying my hiding part f myself.
Grandma Carlyn used t tell me, “Girl, dn’t frget where yu cme frm.” Nw I truly understand that. Many things have faded frm memry, but this sticks in my mind with uncmfrtable clarity. Nw that I am grwn and have left the Suth, it’s imprtant t me.
36. What made the authr want t leave her hmetwn?
A. Appeal f cnvenience in cities.
B. Her dream f becming a writer.
C. Outside prejudice against sutherners.
D. Her desire fr the nrthern accent.
37. Hw did the authr feel abut the mistake f Emily’s mther?
A. Upset.B. Pleased.C. Ashamed.D. Surprised.
38. Why n earth did the authr try t change Emily’s accent?
A. T prve herself right.B. T help Emily be a reprter.
C. T make herself influential.D. T prtect Emily’s self-dignity.
39 What message des the text want t cnvey?
A. Stay true t yur rts.B. Never d things by halves.
C. Hld n t yur dreams.D. Never judge a persn by his accent.
B
Schlars have lng debated hw and when the Renaissance began. One thing, hwever, that mst schlars agree upn is the significance f this histrical perid as an evlutinary mvement tward individualism in art and thught. Althugh there is n histrical agreement n the exact time rder f events leading t the Renaissance, many histrians agree that visinaries f the fifteenth century had a sense f belnging t a mvement far greater than themselves and s far-reaching as t supersede the artistic and literary frms f the classical era. This phenmenn prduced the Renaissance, a perid when art, literature, language, and philsphy fund new and extrardinary interpretatins in the hands f the Humanists. Humanists believed in the imprtance f the humanities r “human letters”. Eventually, intellectuals f this perid became aware f man’s inner ptential.
The furteenth century Italian pet Petrarch characterized the early stage f this mvement as the New Age. In fact, it was his term, “Rinascita”, which cmes frm the Latin “renasci”, t be rebrn, that eventually led t the term Renaissance that we use tday.
Petrarch believed that the end f classical antiquity and the beginning f a thusand years f darkness, which he characterized as “the Dark Ages”, came with the destructin f the Rman Empire by invasins in 476 A.D. The awakening frm this perid was a time f rebirth, which he distinguished as the New Age. Petrarch’s view limited the Rinascita t the cmeback f Latin and Greek classics frm antiquity based n translatins f ancient text. Mst significant was his belief that the pagans (异教徒) f antiquity were much inspired by the pursuit f arts and literature in an effrt t reach the highest ptential f perfectin n earth. This belief led t a new sense f individualism and enlightenment that characterized the age f the Renaissance as ne that was against the ld beliefs that man’s earthly life was merely a functin f the scial rder. Frm the furteenth century thrugh the early seventeenth century, this new individualism grew steadily in Western Eurpean culture with a mtivatin fed by man’s desire t define and evaluate the essential values between men f antiquity and the emerging mdern man.
Nt nly did artists and writers turn t classical culture fr inspiratin, they set new gals. They explred the relatinship between ancient cultures and their wn cultures, and by ding s, they discvered a new visin f human life, f man as a glrius creature capable f develping his mind and bdy t reach his fullest ptential tward perfectin.
40. The wrd “supersede” (in paragraph 1) mst prbably means ________.
A. keep pace withB. make full use f
C. give rise tD. take the place f
41. Which f the fllwing shws the crrect time rder (frm far t near) f the three perids?
A. the Dark Ages, the Renaissance, the Rman Empire
B. the Renaissance, the Rman Empire, the Dark Ages
C. the Rman Empire, the Dark Ages, the Renaissance
D. the Dark Ages, the Rman Empire, the Renaissance
42. Why is Petrarch mentined in the passage?
A. He cined the term “Renaissance”, which has been in use fr ver 700 years.
B. His belief in persnal perfectin was the fundamental idea f the Renaissance.
C. His predictin f the cmeback f Latin and Greek classics inspired many artists.
D. He translated ancient texts t Latin and Greek, leading t the start f the Renaissance.
43. What can be cncluded abut artists and writers during perid f the Renaissance?
A. They failed t realize their wn fullest ptential.
B. They develped their wn cultures frm ancient nes.
C. They went beynd the classics with a new individualism.
D. They did nthing mre than recapture the glry f the ancients.
C
When it cmes t risky behavir, adlescence is the perfect strm. In fact, teens are hardwired t seek challenge. Accrding t a study by University Cllege Lndn (UCL), risk-taking behavir peaks during adlescence. As an adlescent’s scial-emtinal system matures, they lng fr stimulatin and teen challenge.
Mrever, the study fund that teens tk risks because they enjyed the thrill. In fact, they ften understd the cnsequences f their behavir. Hwever, the desire t take risks was strnger than their cmmn sense. That’s because the teen brain is nt fully develped. Therefre, the areas cntrlling impulses (冲动) and decisin-making are still immature.
The study invlved adlescents and adults aged 9 t 35 years. Participants chse between risky and safe ptins in a cmputer gambling game. Scientists fund that the teenagers tk the mst risks cmpared with the ther grups. In fact, 14-year ld teens demnstrated the mst risky behavir. In ther wrds, they were cnstantly seeking challenge and excitement.
In anther study at the University f Texas at Austin, participants aged 8 t 30 were given mney as a reward fr crrectly identifying an image. Scientists measured hw their brains respnded when they fund ut whether their answers were right r wrng. The teenagers’ brains released the highest levels f dpamine, a chemical assciated with pleasure. Dpamine mtivates the brain t seek rewards and is linked t addictin. Thus, the researchers cncluded that teens are mre willing t take risks in rder t experience rewards.
Risk-taking isn’t always a bad thing if it takes place within safe bundaries. In fact, a certain level f safe, psitive risk-taking is essential fr teens t develp their sense f self and gain self-esteem (自尊). Healthy risk-taking activities include playing sprts, utdr adventures, perfrming n stage, and reaching ut t make new friends.
In cnclusin, there’s n getting arund it: Teens will always seek thrills and push the limits. They’re made that way. But parents can help them find healthy challenges that supprt grwth and reduce risk.
44. What is the reasn fr teens’ tendency t take risks?
A. They lack cmmn sense and decisin-making ability.
B. They dn’t understand the cnsequences f their behavir.
C. They enjy the excitement and actively pursue stimulatin.
D. Their brain areas cntrlling impulses are fully develped.
45. Hw did the researchers carry ut the first study?
A. By analyzing the chices f teens and adults in the gambling game.
B. By analyzing the results f the gambling game.
C. By measuring hw brains wrked in the gambling game.
D. By bserving hw excited the teens were in the gambling game.
46. Which f the fllwing statements is true accrding t para 4-5?
A. The mre risk-taking teens are, the mre self-esteem they have.
B Dpamine plays an imprtant rle in teens’ risk-taking activities.
C. Making new friends shuldn’t be cnsidered as risk-taking.
D. Taking risks makes a teenager mre eager fr reward.
47. What is the authr’s attitude twards risk-taking behavir f teenagers?
A. Negative.B. Apprving.C. Objective.D. Ambiguus.
第Ⅱ卷
IV.短语填空(共10题，满分15分)
用下列短语的适当形式填空，每个短语仅用一次，其中两个短语为多余选项
48. He wants t___________his daughter but she desn’t want t cmmunicate with him.
49. Which f the paintings ___________as yu were visiting the art exhibitin in the gallery yesterday?
50. ___________ the envirnment, it is nw pssible t create an intelligent walking huse, which is capable f using GPS technlgy t travel t different places.
51. After she had___________the bat ___________the tree, she gt ff it and went t the twn.
52. G. J. Mendel, wh was brn in Austria,___________ as the father f mdern genetics(基因学).
53. Thse wh saw Han Gan’s hrse paintings all ___________his unique skill, saying his hrses were real nes.
54. It tk them abut ne mnth t___________hw t start the equipment.
55. The scientists are beating their brains trying t___________a gd slutin t the prblem.
56. Nbdy can ___________the strange sight, but peple are still amazed at it.
57. There is a muntain n the mn ___________Gu Shujing, a famus Chinese astrnmer f the Yuan Dynasty.
V.完成句子(共5题，满分10分)
58. 很荣幸在这里做关于阅读经典的演讲。
It’s a great____________fr me t___________n reading classics.
59. 他爱好广泛，从书法到吉它都很喜欢。
He has diverse interests,___________ calligraphy___________guitar-playing.
60. 在过去的十年里，在医学和环境科学领域取得了巨大的进步。
In the past ten years,_____________________________ in medicine and envirnmental science.
61. 我希望你们能去卢浮宫亲自感受一下这些伟大艺术品的力与美。
I hpe yu can visit the Luvre ne day t feel ___________ f these great ___________ fr yurselves
62. 学生们的国画作品将于下周一在大厅展出，标志着中国传统文化艺术展的开始。
The Chinese paintings created by the students ___________ in the hall next Mnday, ___________ the start f the traditinal Chinese art exhibitin.in terms f, tie.. t..., cme up with, reach ut t, get a lead f, sing high praises fr,
bring... int fcus, figure ut, accunt fr, refer t, leave an impressin n sb., be named after
2023—2024—2天津一中高一英语(b3u3—5)阶段性评价试卷
第Ⅰ卷
Ⅰ.单项填空(共15小题，满分15分)
1. —D yu think Peter will give up the risky plan?
— . He is s stubbrn that he wn’t listen t anyne’s pinin.
A. N wayB. Nt a littleC. Nt a big dealD. N dubt
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——你认为彼得会放弃这个冒险的计划吗？——不可能。他太固执了，不听任何人的意见。A. N wayb 不可能，决不；B. Nt a little非常；C. Nt a big deal没什么大不了的；D. N dubt无疑，很可能。根据句中的“He is s stubbrn that he wn’t listen t anyne’s pinin”可知，彼得很固执，不可能放弃这个计划，应用N way。故选A。
2. Zack’s live bradcast gave a vivid f the Luvre’s mst amazing treasures.
A. ladB. accuntC. attemptD. draft
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：扎克的现场直播生动地讲述了卢浮宫最令人惊叹的宝藏。A. lad负载，负荷；B. accunt账户，描述；C. attempt企图；D. draft草稿。根据空后的f the Luvre’s mst amazing treasures可知，这里指描述卢浮宫最令人惊叹的宝藏。give a vivid f accunt f意为“生动地描述……”。故选B。
3. The visitrs t Flrence are greatly impressed with the Cathedral cnstructed in the Renaissance.
A. frequentB. thrillingC. magnificentD. fascinated
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：参观佛罗伦萨的游客对文艺复兴时期建造的宏伟的大教堂印象深刻。A. frequent频繁的；B. thrilling激动人心的；C. magnificent壮丽的，宏伟的；D. fascinated入迷的。根据空后的Cathedral cnstructed in the Renaissance可知，这里是对建筑进行描述，应指的是宏伟的大教堂。故选C。
4. With the rapid develpment alng the Huangpu River, a new “pening methd” has been adpted fr the industrial heritage sites that alng the riverbank.
A. expandB. btainC. spreadD. stretch
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着黄浦江沿岸的快速发展，黄浦江沿岸的工业遗产地采用了一种新的“开放方式”。A.expand扩张；B.btain获得；C.spread传播；D.stretch延伸。根据“alng the riverbank”可知，此处是指黄浦江沿岸。故选D。
5. Mre expressways ________ in Sichuan sn t prmte the lcal ecnmy.
A. are being builtB. will be built
C. have been builtD. had been built
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意为：四川将建设更多的高速公路以促进当地的经济。根据时间状语sn可知，考查了将来时。英语中的时态是靠动词的变化来体现的，在具体做题时，需要关注的是时间状语。因此，考生在做本题时，需要先找出时间状语sn，然后才能准确判断时态是一般将来时。通过观察选项可知，选项A是现在进行时；选项B是一般将来时；选项C是现在完成时；选项D是过去完成时。故选择B。
6. At the age f 84, Tu Yuyu was awarded the Nbel Prize fr Medicine, ______her the first female Chinese scientist ______ the award.
A. making; t winB. t make; winningC. making; winningD. t make; t win
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查现在分词和动词不定式。句意：84岁的屠呦呦被授予诺贝尔医学奖，这使她成为第一位获得该奖项的中国女科学家。分析句子结构可知，该句的谓语是was awarded，且无连词，第一个空处应用非谓语动词，动词make与前面一句话是主动的关系，应用现在分词作结果状语。根据female Chinese scientist前有the first修饰，第二个空处应用动词不定式作后置定语。故选A项。
7. At cllege, Barack Obama didn’t knw that he the first black president f the United States f America.
A. was t becmeB. will becmeC. had becmeD. became
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：在大学时候，奥巴马不知道他将成为美国第一个黑人总统。分析句子可知，这里应用用过去将来时表示过去某个时间将要发生的事情。故选A项。
8. _____ it is true that a student’s mst imprtant gal is t d well in her r his studies, it desn’t need t be the nly gal.
A. AsB. WhileC. WhenD. Since
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管学生最重要的目标确实是在她或他的学习中取得好成绩，但这并不需要是唯一的目标。A. As尽管；B. While尽管；C. When当……的时候；D. Since自从。根据句中“a student’s mst imprtant gal is t d well in her r his studies(学生最重要的目标确实是在她或他的学习中取得好成绩)”及“it desn’t need t be the nly gal.(这并不需要是唯一的目标)”可知，两者之间是让步关系，应用while引导让步状语从句，as引导让步状语从句时，需要使用倒装结构。故选B。
9. Everywhere in the wrld, as t liver cancer, there is n bvius breakthrugh that’s .
A. in brught lightB. n bardC. in chargeD. n the hrizn
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：在世界各地，对于肝癌，目前还没有明显的突破。A.in brught light带来光明；B.n bard在船上；C.in charge掌管；D.n the hrizn即将来临的。根据“there is n bvius breakthrugh”可知，此处是指还没有明显的突破出现。故选D。
10. Mr. Smith ______ t Beijing, fr I saw him in the library just nw.
A. needn’t have gneB. mustn’t have gne
C. can’t have gneD. shuldn’t have gne
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词用法辨析。句意：史密斯线不可能去了北京，因为我刚刚在图书馆看见他了。needn’t have dne一般用于否定句或疑问句中，表示“过去没有必要做某事，但实际上却做了”；mustn’t have dne形式不存在，must表推测时不用于否定句；can’t have dne表示对过去事实的否定推测，意为“不可能做过某事”；shuldn’t have dne表示本来不应该做某事，而实际上做了，含有指责对方或自责之意。结合句意，作者在图书馆看到史密斯先生，他“不可能已经去北京了”。故选C项。
11. The mnument was built in hnr f the explrer wh was believed _____ the river.
A. t have discveredB. t have been discvered
C. t discverD. having been discvered
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句义：建造这个纪念碑是为了纪念那位被认为发现了那条大河的探险家。在be said/reperted/believed后面接不定式，为固定搭配，discver和explrer之间是主动关系，且discver发生在谓语动词believe之前，应用完成式。综上，故选A。
12. The building, frm ______tp visitrs can enjy a gd view f Sanya, attracts hundreds f turists every day.
A. whichB. whseC. itsD. where
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这座建筑每天吸引着数百名游客，游客可以从它的顶层俯瞰三亚的美景。分析题意，定语从句的先行词The building和tp之间表示所属关系。此处需用whse在从句中做定语。故选B项。
13. Franklin, as well as many ther scientists, us t make scientific discveries by cnducting experiments.
A. have inspiredB. has inspiredC. are inspiringD. had inspired
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：富兰克林和许多其他科学家一样，激励我们通过进行实验来做出科学发现。分析句子可知，本句主语为Franklin，为第三人称单数形式，所以谓语动词也用第三人称单数形式，结合选项，可以排除A、C项，且D项为过去完成时，表“过去的过去”，不符合语境，所以这里可选B项，用现在完成时，表过去发生的事情对现在的影响，符合句意。故选B项。
14. All her time _________ experiments, she has n time fr entertainment.
A. devted t dingB. devted t d
C. devting t dD. is devted t ding
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她把她的一生都贡献给了实验，没有时间娱乐。这里逗号后是一个完整的句子，逗号前All her time _________ experiments没有引导词，所以它不是从句；中间是逗号，没有并列连词，也不可能是并列句；句子的主语是she，all her time是所在句子的逻辑主语，与devte是被动关系，所以此处是独立主格结构，再根据devte all ne's time t ding意为“把一生贡献给做某事”。故选A。
【名师点睛】
非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语须与主句主语保持一致。若不一致，非谓语动词形式须另带主语，从而构成复合结构的形式作状语。这种结构称为“独立结构”。其中，非谓语动词主动用现在分词，被动用过去分词。所以独立主格结构由两部分组成，前一部分是名词或者代词，后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、现在分词、过去分词)或形容词、副词、名词或介词短语。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构在句中作状语，多用于书面语。独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的及状态等。如本题即为独立主格结构。
15. remains significant is we have an incredible desire t think and create. That’s the real spirit f inventin.
A. That; thatB. What; thatC. That; whatD. What; what
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句和表语从句。句意：重要的是，我们有一种难以置信的思考和创造的欲望。这是发明的真正精神。第一空引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，应用what；第二空引导表语从句，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，故用that。故选B。
II.完形填空(共20小题，满分30分)
I’d just gtten ut f hspital myself. Five days after my mther____16____ , a tire f my car blew. I was ging 50mph when I cmpletely lst ____17____: my car____18____ head—n int a cncrete barrier. I shuld have been ____19____ but frtunately I survived. Physically I healed quickly, but the____20____ injuries and fear f my wn death stayed n. Sn even____21____ activities, like driving a car r visiting my dctr, filled me with great fear. Eventually I fell int a state f____22____and stpped seeing friends. I even didn’t want t g anywhere and feel anything.
Then, last February, I was invited by my friends t g____23____in Clrad. My first respnse was t____24____. I didn’t want t get n a plane, attach sticks ____25____ my feet r slide dwn a muntain. The mere thught f meeting new peple____26____me. But I had a sense that this jurney might be the brilliant sunlight I____27____needed. I finally agreed.
The first day, I was____28____with Peter, an experienced cach. He sensed my fear, patiently remving it with a smile and jkes. I was abslutely terrified f ____29____myself, but his gentle encuragement kept me ging. Then he said smething that made me nd in recgnitin, “Jill, fear____30____everything.” Peter was talking abut skiing, abut hw yur muscles ____31____when yu are afraid, ften causing yu t fall. And it’s particularly true in life as well. When yu permit fear t ____32____yu frm ding what yu lve, life stps. With Peter’s wrds in mind, I kept practicing.
By the end f the day, I’d imprved enugh t fly dwn hills that had ____33____me, a bright smile n my face and tears in my eyes. Tears were nt frm the cld but frm____34____. I’d faced my fears n the muntain, and I knew____35____the rest wuldn’t be far behind.
16. A. passed nB. passed awayC. gt verD. gt thrugh
17 A. senseB. sightC. memryD. cntrl
18. A. crashedB. struckC. fldedD. flew
19. A. injuredB. relaxedC. killedD. frightened
20. A. hurtfulB. emtinalC. severeD. brain
21. A. basicB. specialC. persnalD. meaningful
22. A. dullnessB. thrillC. anxietyD. embarrassment
23. A. climbingB. skiingC. hikingD. camping
24. A. escapeB. cnsiderC. acceptD. refuse
25 A. nB. inC. tD. with
26. A. puzzledB. delightedC. tiredD. surprised
27. A. accuratelyB. desperatelyC. accidentallyD. finally
28. A. pairedB. familiarC. bredD. angry
29. A. lsingB. changingC. upsettingD. hurting
30. A. scaresB. stpsC. fllwsD. cnquers
31. A. tense upB. give upC. wake upD. turn up
32. A. pressB. preventC. stimulateD. inspire
33. A. scaredB. attractedC. bredD. interested
34. A. bitternessB. tughnessC. gratefulnessD. peacefulness
35. A. embracingB. quittingC. challengingD. vercming
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. B 21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者因为车祸，从而对很多事感到恐惧，最后在滑雪教练Peter的帮助下克服恐惧的故事。
【16题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我母亲去世五天后，我的车胎爆了。A. passed n传递下去；B. passed away去世；C. gt ver克服；D. gt thrugh完成。根据上文“I’d just gtten ut f hspital myself”可知，作者独自一人出院，作者的妈妈去世了。故选B。
【17题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我以每小时50英里的速度行驶，突然完全失去了控制:我的车迎头撞上了一个混凝土障碍物。A. sense感觉；B. sight景象；C. memry记忆；D. cntrl控制。根据后文“my car__3__head-n int a cncrete barrier.”可知，作者的车撞上了混凝土屏障，所以是作者失去了对车的控制，导致车撞了。故选D。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我以每小时50英里的速度行驶，突然完全失去了控制:我的车迎头撞上了一个混凝土障碍物。A. crashed撞车；B. struck打；C. flded折叠；D. flew飞。根据下文“int a cncrete barrier”可知，作者的车撞上了障碍物。故选A。
【19题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我本该被杀死，但幸运的是我活了下来。A. injured伤害；B. relaxed放松；C. killed杀死；D. frightened使惊吓。根据后文“but frtunately I survived”可知，此处表转折，作者活了下来，所以前句应表示作者本该被杀死。故选C。
【20题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：身体上我很快就痊愈了，但精神上的创伤和对死亡的恐惧依然存在。A. hurtful伤感情的；B. emtinal感情的；C. severe严重的；D. brain脑。根据前文“Physically I healed quickly”可知，作者身体很快就痊愈，再根据前文的but表转折可知，作者精神上的创伤仍然存在，空格处用emtinal。故选B。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很快，即使是最基本的活动，比如开车或看医生，也会让我充满巨大的恐惧。A. basic基本的；B. special特别的；C. persnal个人的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据后文“like driving a car r visiting my dctr”可知，开车和看医生都属于基本活动。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终，我陷入了焦虑的状态，不再见朋友。A. dullness迟钝；B. thrill激动；C. anxiety焦虑；D. embarrassment尴尬。根据后文“I even didn’t want t g anywhere and feel anything.”可知，作者甚至不想去任何地方，也不想有任何感觉，因此作者是陷入了焦虑的状态。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，去年二月，我的朋友邀请我去Clrad滑雪。A. climbing登山运动；B. skiing滑雪；C. hiking远足；D. camping露营。根据下一段“Peter was talking abut skiing”可知，Peter在和作者谈论滑雪的事，所以朋友邀请作者去滑雪。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的第一反应是拒绝。A. escape逃跑；B. cnsider考虑；C. accept接受；D. refuse拒绝。根据后文“I finally agreed.”可知，作者最后是同意了，所以作者一开始是拒绝的。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：我不想坐飞机，不想在脚上绑棍子，也不想从山上滑下来。A. n在……上面；B. in在……里面；C. t到某处；D. with和。根据上文“attach sticks”和下文“my feet”和常识可知，滑雪要在脚上绑棍状物，作者是不想那样，attach sth. t...意为“把某物附在……上”。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一想到要认识新朋友，我就感到厌烦。A. puzzled迷惑；B. delighted使高兴；C. tired（使）厌烦；D. surprised使惊讶。根据前文“Eventually I fell int a state f__7__and stpped seeing friends. I even didn’t want t g anywhere and feel anything.”可知，作者目前很焦虑，作者不想去任何地方，所以认识新朋友会感到厌烦。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但我有一种感觉，这段旅程可能就是我迫切需要的灿烂阳光。A. accurately准确地；B. desperately极度地；C. accidentally意外地；D. finally最后。根据上文“Eventually I fell int a state f___7__”和“the brilliant sunlight”可知，作者陷入了焦虑的状态，所以急需灿烂阳光，空格处意为“极度地”，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第一天，我和彼得搭档，他是一位经验丰富的教练。A. paired配对的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. bred无聊的；D. angry生气的。根据后文“an experienced cach”可知，Peter是一位经验丰富的教练，他在教作者，所以是和作者配对。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我非常害怕伤害自己，但他温柔的鼓励让我坚持下去。A. lsing遗失；B. changing改变；C. upsetting使烦恼；D. hurting伤害。根据前文“Then, last February, I was invited by my friends t g__8___in Clrad.”可知，朋友邀请作者去滑雪，而滑雪是有危险的，作者怕伤害到自己。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：吉尔，恐惧阻止一切。A. scares惊吓；B. stps（使）停止；C. fllws跟随；D. cnquers征服。根据后文“When yu permit fear t __17__yu frm ding what yu lve, life stps”可知，恐惧阻止一切。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：彼得在说滑雪，说当你害怕时，你的肌肉会紧张，经常导致你摔倒。A. tense up（使）（肌肉）紧张；B. give up放弃；C. wake up醒来；D. turn up出现。根据空前的“muscles”以及空后的“when yu are afraid, ften causing yu t fall”可知，此处表达当你害怕时，你的肌肉会紧张，经常导致你摔倒，故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你允许恐惧阻止你去做你喜欢的事情时，生命就停止了。A. press压；B. prevent阻止；C. stimulate刺激；D. inspire鼓励。根据上文“fear__15___everything”可知，恐惧阻止一切，也会阻止你去做你喜欢的事情。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一天结束的时候，我已经进步到可以飞下那些曾经让我害怕的山了，脸上挂着灿烂的微笑，眼里噙着泪水。A. scared使害怕；B. attracted吸引；C. bred使厌烦；D. interested使感兴趣。根据上文“I didn’t want t get n a plane, attach sticks__10__ my feet r slide dwn a muntain”可知，作者刚开始不想从山上滑下去，是因为作者害怕，此处表示飞下那些曾经让作者害怕的山。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：眼泪不是因为寒冷，而是因为感激。A. bitterness苦味；B. tughness韧性；C. gratefulness感恩；D. peacefulness平静。根据上文“By the end f the day, I’d imprved enugh t fly dwn hills that had __18__me, a bright smile n my face and tears in my eyes”可知，作者流泪是因为作者滑雪技术进步很大，作者克服了恐惧，所以作者流泪是感激Peter。故选C。
35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在山上面对过我的恐惧，我知道克服其他的也不远了。A. embracing拥抱；B. quitting离开；C. challenging挑战；D. vercming克服。根据前文“I’d faced my fears n the muntain”可知，作者能面对山上的恐惧，所以作者也能克服其他的恐惧。故选D。
III.阅读理解(共12个小题，满分30分)
A
As a child, I was prud f my suthern rigin. My wn vice reflected my family’s past and present-part nrthern Mississippi, part Tennessee, all suthern. There was n sund I lved mre than my grandmther’s accent: thick, sweet, warm.
While grwing up, I began t realize utside f ur regin, sutherners were ften dismissed as uncultured and ignrant. I was ready t leave behind my tiny twn in West Tennessee, starting a new life and jumping at big chances in sme far-ff cities. In that embarrassing space between “teen” and “adult”, my accent was a symbl f everything I thught I hated abut my life in the rural Suth. I feared it wuld disqualify me frm being a nted magazine writer. I wuld have t talk less “cuntry”. S I killed a piece f myself. I’m ashamed f it, but I’m mre ashamed that I tried t kill that part f smene else-change Emily’s accent.
I met Emily in cllege. She was determined t wrk fr the student newspaper, which was where I spent mst f my waking hurs, and we became friends. She, unlike me, accepted her rts. Early in ur friendship, her mther asked where I was frm, assuming it was smewhere up nrth. Then I felt my effrts paid ff and even wanted t ignre the mistake.
Emily is tw years yunger and she cared abut my pinin. I advised her t be mre like me and hide her signature Manchester accent. I stressed that thrughut ur cllege years, ften by making fun f her vwel (元音) sunds. I tld myself I was helping her achieve her dream f wrking as a reprter. Nw, I see that it was actually abut justifying my hiding part f myself.
Grandma Carlyn used t tell me, “Girl, dn’t frget where yu cme frm.” Nw I truly understand that. Many things have faded frm memry, but this sticks in my mind with uncmfrtable clarity. Nw that I am grwn and have left the Suth, it’s imprtant t me.
36. What made the authr want t leave her hmetwn?
A. Appeal f cnvenience in cities.
B. Her dream f becming a writer.
C. Outside prejudice against sutherners.
D. Her desire fr the nrthern accent.
37. Hw did the authr feel abut the mistake f Emily’s mther?
A. Upset.B. Pleased.C. Ashamed.D. Surprised.
38. Why n earth did the authr try t change Emily’s accent?
A. T prve herself right.B. T help Emily be a reprter.
C. T make herself influential.D. T prtect Emily’s self-dignity.
39. What message des the text want t cnvey?
A. Stay true t yur rts.B. Never d things by halves.
C. Hld n t yur dreams.D. Never judge a persn by his accent.
【答案】36. C 37. B 38. A 39. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者因为别人的偏见以及追求更好的生活改变自己的口音，但后来才意识到这样做抹杀了自己身份的一部分，也明白了要坚守本根。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“While grwing up, I began t realize utside f ur regin, sutherners were ften dismissed as uncultured and ignrant. I was ready t leave behind my tiny twn in West Tennessee, starting a new life and jumping at big chances in sme far-ff cities.(在成长过程中，我开始意识到，在我们的地区之外，南方人经常被认为是没有文化和无知的。我准备离开我在西田纳西州的小镇，开始新的生活，并在一些遥远的城市抓住大好机会)”可知，作者决定离开南部的家乡是因为其他人认为南方人没文化、无知，即外部对南方人的偏见。故选C。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“Early in ur friendship, her mther asked where I was frm, assuming it was smewhere up nrth. Then I felt my effrts paid ff and even wanted t ignre the mistake.(在我们的友谊之初，她妈妈问我来自哪里，以为是北方的某个地方。然后我觉得我的努力得到了回报，甚至想忽略这个错误)”推知，当被Emily的妈妈误会来自北方时，作者是非常开心的。故选B。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“I feared it wuld disqualify me frm being a nted magazine writer. I wuld have t talk less “cuntry”. S I killed a piece f myself. (我担心这会使我失去成为著名杂志作家的资格。我就得少说些“乡村”了。所以我抹杀了自己身份的一部分)”，第三段的“She was determined t wrk fr the student newspaper, which was where I spent mst f my waking hurs(她决心为校报工作，而我醒着的大部分时间都在那里度过的)”以及倒数第二段的“I advised her t be mre like me and hide her signature Manchester accent. I stressed that thrughut ur cllege years, ften by making fun f her vwel (元音) sunds. I tld myself I was helping her achieve her dream f wrking as a reprter. (我建议她更像我，隐藏她标志性的曼彻斯特口音。在我们的大学生活中，我经常通过取笑她的元音来强调这一点。我告诉自己，我是在帮她实现当记者的梦想)”可知，作者通过改变自己的口音获得了在校报工作的机会。由此推知，作者努力改变Emily的口音是为了证明自己是对的，即改变南方口音就有可能获得好工作。故选A。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，并结合第二段的“I’m ashamed f it, but I’m mre ashamed that I tried t kill that part f smene else-change Emily’s accent.(我很惭愧，但我更惭愧的是我试图抹杀别人的那部分——改变艾米丽的口音)”和最后一段“Grandma Carlyn used t tell me, “Girl, dn’t frget where yu cme frm.” Nw I truly understand that. Many things have faded frm memry, but this sticks in my mind with uncmfrtable clarity. (卡罗琳奶奶过去常对我说：“女孩，别忘了你来自哪里。”现在我真的明白了。许多事情已经从记忆中消失了，但这件事却以令人不安的清晰印象留在了我的脑海中)”可知，文章想要传达的信息是：坚守本根。故选A。
B
Schlars have lng debated hw and when the Renaissance began. One thing, hwever, that mst schlars agree upn is the significance f this histrical perid as an evlutinary mvement tward individualism in art and thught. Althugh there is n histrical agreement n the exact time rder f events leading t the Renaissance, many histrians agree that visinaries f the fifteenth century had a sense f belnging t a mvement far greater than themselves and s far-reaching as t supersede the artistic and literary frms f the classical era. This phenmenn prduced the Renaissance, a perid when art, literature, language, and philsphy fund new and extrardinary interpretatins in the hands f the Humanists. Humanists believed in the imprtance f the humanities r “human letters”. Eventually, intellectuals f this perid became aware f man’s inner ptential.
The furteenth century Italian pet Petrarch characterized the early stage f this mvement as the New Age. In fact, it was his term, “Rinascita”, which cmes frm the Latin “renasci”, t be rebrn, that eventually led t the term Renaissance that we use tday.
Petrarch believed that the end f classical antiquity and the beginning f a thusand years f darkness, which he characterized as “the Dark Ages”, came with the destructin f the Rman Empire by invasins in 476 A.D. The awakening frm this perid was a time f rebirth, which he distinguished as the New Age. Petrarch’s view limited the Rinascita t the cmeback f Latin and Greek classics frm antiquity based n translatins f ancient text. Mst significant was his belief that the pagans (异教徒) f antiquity were much inspired by the pursuit f arts and literature in an effrt t reach the highest ptential f perfectin n earth. This belief led t a new sense f individualism and enlightenment that characterized the age f the Renaissance as ne that was against the ld beliefs that man’s earthly life was merely a functin f the scial rder. Frm the furteenth century thrugh the early seventeenth century, this new individualism grew steadily in Western Eurpean culture with a mtivatin fed by man’s desire t define and evaluate the essential values between men f antiquity and the emerging mdern man.
Nt nly did artists and writers turn t classical culture fr inspiratin, they set new gals. They explred the relatinship between ancient cultures and their wn cultures, and by ding s, they discvered a new visin f human life, f man as a glrius creature capable f develping his mind and bdy t reach his fullest ptential tward perfectin.
40. The wrd “supersede” (in paragraph 1) mst prbably means ________.
A. keep pace withB. make full use f
C. give rise tD. take the place f
41. Which f the fllwing shws the crrect time rder (frm far t near) f the three perids?
A. the Dark Ages, the Renaissance, the Rman Empire
B. the Renaissance, the Rman Empire, the Dark Ages
C. the Rman Empire, the Dark Ages, the Renaissance
D. the Dark Ages, the Rman Empire, the Renaissance
42. Why is Petrarch mentined in the passage?
A. He cined the term “Renaissance”, which has been in use fr ver 700 years.
B. His belief in persnal perfectin was the fundamental idea f the Renaissance.
C. His predictin f the cmeback f Latin and Greek classics inspired many artists.
D. He translated ancient texts t Latin and Greek, leading t the start f the Renaissance.
43. What can be cncluded abut artists and writers during perid f the Renaissance?
A They failed t realize their wn fullest ptential.
B. They develped their wn cultures frm ancient nes.
C. They went beynd the classics with a new individualism.
D. They did nthing mre than recapture the glry f the ancients.
【答案】40. D 41. C 42. B 43. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了文艺复兴时代的特点和意义，以及该时期的知识分子思想的觉醒。
【40题详解】
词句猜测题。根据该单词下一句“This phenmenn prduced the Renaissance, a perid when art, literature, language, and philsphy fund new and extrardinary interpretatins in the hands f the Humanists.(这一现象产生了文艺复兴时期，在这个时期，艺术、文学、语言和哲学在人文主义者的手中找到了新的、非凡的解释)”可知，这场运动的影响非常深远，艺术、文学、语言和哲学都有了全新的解释。由此判断，这场运动取代了之前古典时期的艺术和文学形式。选项A“keep pace with (和……一致)”；选项B“make full use f (充分利用)”；选项C“give rise t (导致)”；选项D“take the place f (取代)”。故选D。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Petrarch believed that the end f classical antiquity and the beginning f a thusand years f darkness, which he characterized as “the Dark Ages”, came with the destructin f the Rman Empire by invasins in 476 A.D. The awakening frm this perid was a time f rebirth, which he distinguished as the New Age. Petrarch’s view limited the Rinascita t the cmeback f Latin and Greek classics frm antiquity based n translatins f ancient text. Mst significant was his belief that the pagans (异教徒) f antiquity were much inspired by the pursuit f arts and literature in an effrt t reach the highest ptential f perfectin n earth. This belief led t a new sense f individualism and enlightenment that characterized the age f the Renaissance as ne that was against the ld beliefs that man’s earthly life was merely a functin f the scial rder. (Petrarch认为，随着公元476年罗马帝国被入侵摧毁，古典古代的终结和千年黑暗的开始（他称之为“黑暗时代”）随之而来。从这一时期开始的觉醒是一个重生的时期，他将其称为新时代。Petrarch的观点将“复兴”限制在以古代文本翻译为基础的拉丁语和希腊语经典的回归上。最重要的是他相信古代的异教徒受到了对艺术和文学的追求的启发，努力达到地球上完美的最高潜力。这种信念导致了一种新的个人主义和启蒙思想，这是文艺复兴时代的特征，它与认为人类的世俗生活只是社会秩序的一个功能的旧信仰相抵触)”可知，罗马帝国后为黑暗时代，然后为文艺复兴时代。故选C。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The furteenth century Italian pet Petrarch characterized the early stage f this mvement as the New Age. In fact, it was his term, “Rinascita”, which cmes frm the Latin “renasci”, t be rebrn, that eventually led t the term Renaissance that we use tday.(14世纪意大利诗人Petrarch将这一运动的早期阶段称为“新时代”。事实上，正是他的术语“Rinascita”，来自拉丁语“renasci”，意思是重生，最终导致了我们今天使用的“文艺复兴”一词)”以及第三段“Petrarch’s view limited the Rinascita t the cmeback f Latin and Greek classics frm antiquity based n translatins f ancient text. Mst significant was his belief that the pagans (异教徒) f antiquity were much inspired by the pursuit f arts and literature in an effrt t reach the highest ptential f perfectin n earth. This belief led t a new sense f individualism and enlightenment that characterized the age f the Renaissance as ne that was against the ld beliefs that man’s earthly life was merely a functin f the scial rder.(Petrarch的观点将“复兴”限制在以古代文本翻译为基础的拉丁语和希腊语经典的回归上。最重要的是他相信古代的异教徒受到了对艺术和文学的追求的启发，努力达到地球上完美的最高潜力。这种信念导致了一种新的个人主义和启蒙思想，这是文艺复兴时代的特征，它与认为人类的世俗生活只是社会秩序的一个功能的旧信仰相抵触)”可推知，文章之所以提到Petrarch是因为Petrarch的观点导致了一种新的个人主义和启蒙思想，而这正是文艺复兴时代的特征，它与认为人类的世俗生活只是社会秩序的一个功能的旧信仰相抵触。故选B。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Nt nly did artists and writers turn t classical culture fr inspiratin, they set new gals. They explred the relatinship between ancient cultures and their wn cultures, and by ding s, they discvered a new visin f human life, f man as a glrius creature capable f develping his mind and bdy t reach his fullest ptential tward perfectin.(艺术家和作家不仅从古典文化中寻找灵感，而且还设定了新的目标。他们探索了古代文化和他们自己的文化之间的关系，通过这样做，他们发现了人类生活的新愿景，即人类是一种璀璨的生物，能够发展他的思想和身体，以充分发挥他的潜力，走向完美)”可推知，文艺复兴时代的艺术家们和作家们从古典文化中寻求灵感，同时又超越了古典并最终成就了完美的自我。故选C。
C
When it cmes t risky behavir, adlescence is the perfect strm. In fact, teens are hardwired t seek challenge. Accrding t a study by University Cllege Lndn (UCL), risk-taking behavir peaks during adlescence. As an adlescent’s scial-emtinal system matures, they lng fr stimulatin and teen challenge.
Mrever, the study fund that teens tk risks because they enjyed the thrill. In fact, they ften understd the cnsequences f their behavir. Hwever, the desire t take risks was strnger than their cmmn sense. That’s because the teen brain is nt fully develped. Therefre, the areas cntrlling impulses (冲动) and decisin-making are still immature.
The study invlved adlescents and adults aged 9 t 35 years. Participants chse between risky and safe ptins in a cmputer gambling game. Scientists fund that the teenagers tk the mst risks cmpared with the ther grups. In fact, 14-year ld teens demnstrated the mst risky behavir. In ther wrds, they were cnstantly seeking challenge and excitement.
In anther study at the University f Texas at Austin, participants aged 8 t 30 were given mney as a reward fr crrectly identifying an image. Scientists measured hw their brains respnded when they fund ut whether their answers were right r wrng. The teenagers’ brains released the highest levels f dpamine, a chemical assciated with pleasure. Dpamine mtivates the brain t seek rewards and is linked t addictin. Thus, the researchers cncluded that teens are mre willing t take risks in rder t experience rewards.
Risk-taking isn’t always a bad thing if it takes place within safe bundaries. In fact, a certain level f safe, psitive risk-taking is essential fr teens t develp their sense f self and gain self-esteem (自尊). Healthy risk-taking activities include playing sprts, utdr adventures, perfrming n stage, and reaching ut t make new friends.
In cnclusin, there’s n getting arund it: Teens will always seek thrills and push the limits. They’re made that way. But parents can help them find healthy challenges that supprt grwth and reduce risk.
44. What is the reasn fr teens’ tendency t take risks?
A. They lack cmmn sense and decisin-making ability.
B. They dn’t understand the cnsequences f their behavir.
C. They enjy the excitement and actively pursue stimulatin.
D. Their brain areas cntrlling impulses are fully develped.
45. Hw did the researchers carry ut the first study?
A. By analyzing the chices f teens and adults in the gambling game.
B. By analyzing the results f the gambling game.
C. By measuring hw brains wrked in the gambling game.
D. By bserving hw excited the teens were in the gambling game.
46. Which f the fllwing statements is true accrding t para 4-5?
A. The mre risk-taking teens are, the mre self-esteem they have.
B. Dpamine plays an imprtant rle in teens’ risk-taking activities.
C. Making new friends shuldn’t be cnsidered as risk-taking.
D. Taking risks makes a teenager mre eager fr reward.
47. What is the authr’s attitude twards risk-taking behavir f teenagers?
A. Negative.B. Apprving.C. Objective.D. Ambiguus.
【答案】44. C 45. A 46. B 47. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是相比于成年人，青少年更喜欢冒险，原因在于他们脑中释放的多巴胺有关。作者认为青少年冒险有的时候是坏事，但是如果在安全范围内冒险，可以有助于青少年发展自我意识和获得自尊，这又是有益处的。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Mrever, the study fund that teens tk risks because they enjyed the thrill. (此外，研究发现，青少年冒险是因为他们享受刺激)”可知，青少年喜欢冒险的原因是他们享受刺激。故选C。
【45题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The study invlved adlescents and adults aged 9 t 35 years. Participants chse between risky and safe ptins in a cmputer gambling game. (这项研究涉及9至35岁的青少年和成年人。参与者在电脑赌博游戏中选择风险选项和安全选项)”可知，研究人员通过分析青少年和成年人在赌博游戏中的选择进行了第一项研究。故选A。
【46题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“The teenagers’ brains released the highest levels f dpamine, a chemical assciated with pleasure. Dpamine mtivates the brain t seek rewards and is linked t addictin. Thus, the researchers cncluded that teens are mre willing t take risks in rder t experience rewards.(青少年的大脑释放出最高水平的多巴胺，一种与快乐有关的化学物质。多巴胺促使大脑寻求奖励，并与成瘾有关。因此，研究人员得出结论，青少年更愿意为了获得回报而冒险)”可知，青少年大脑释放的多巴胺促使大脑寻求奖励。由此推知，青少年更愿意去冒险是与脑中释放的多巴胺有关。故选B。
【47题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Risk-taking isn’t always a bad thing if it takes place within safe bundaries. In fact, a certain level f safe, psitive risk-taking is essential fr teens t develp their sense f self and gain self-esteem. (如果在安全的范围内冒险并不总是一件坏事。事实上，一定程度的安全、积极的冒险对于青少年发展自我意识和获得自尊至关重要)”可知，作者认为冒险有的时候是坏事，但是如果在安全范围内冒险，可以有助于青少年发展自我意识和获得自尊，这又是有益处的。由此推知，作者对于青少年冒险的态度是客观的。故选C。
第Ⅱ卷
IV.短语填空(共10题，满分15分)
用下列短语的适当形式填空，每个短语仅用一次，其中两个短语为多余选项
48. He wants t___________his daughter but she desn’t want t cmmunicate with him.
49. Which f the paintings ___________as yu were visiting the art exhibitin in the gallery yesterday?
50. ___________ the envirnment, it is nw pssible t create an intelligent walking huse, which is capable f using GPS technlgy t travel t different places.
51. After she had___________the bat ___________the tree, she gt ff it and went t the twn.
52. G. J. Mendel, wh was brn in Austria,___________ as the father f mdern genetics(基因学).
53. Thse wh saw Han Gan’s hrse paintings all ___________his unique skill, saying his hrses were real nes.
54. It tk them abut ne mnth t___________hw t start the equipment.
55. The scientists are beating their brains trying t___________a gd slutin t the prblem.
56. Nbdy can ___________the strange sight, but peple are still amazed at it.
57. There is a muntain n the mn ___________Gu Shujing, a famus Chinese astrnmer f the Yuan Dynasty.
【答案】48. reach ut t
49. left an impressin n yu
50. In terms f
51. ①. tied ②. t
52. is referred t
53. sang high praises fr
54. figure ut
55. cme up with
56. accunt fr
57. named after
【解析】
【48题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：他想联系他的女儿，但她不想和他交流。根据句中的“but she desn’t want t cmmunicate with him”可知，but前后之间是转折关系，后面说她女儿不想和他交流，所以前面应是说他想联系女儿。reach ut t意为“与……取得联系”。空前有不定式符号t，其后跟动词原形。故填reach ut t。
【49题详解】
考查固定短语和时态。句意：你昨天参观画廊的艺术展时，哪幅画给你留下了深刻印象？根据句中的“Which f the paintings”和“yu were visiting the art exhibitin in the gallery”可知，这里是在询问在参观艺术展的时候那幅画给你留下了深刻印象，应用固定短语leave an impressin n sb.，意为“给某人留下印象”。根据句中的yu可知，这里应用yu作宾语。句中的时间状语yesterday表示过去，这里动词应用过去式。故填left an impressin n yu。
【50题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：在环境方面，现在有可能创建一个智能步行屋，它能够使用GPS技术前往不同的地方。根据空后的名词短语“the envirnment”可知，这里应用介词短语in terms f，意为“就……而言”，构成介宾短语。首字母大写。故填In terms f。
【51题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：在她把船绑在树上之后，她下船去了镇里。根据两空之间的“the bat”和“the tree”可知，这里指把船绑在树上。意为“将……系/绑在……上”，为固定短语。第一空前有助动词had，这里应用过去分词tied，构成过去完成时。故填tied；t。
【52题详解】
考查固定搭配、时态和语态。句意：出生于奥地利的孟德尔被称为现代遗传学之父。根据“G. J. Mendel”和“as the father f mdern genetics(基因学)”可知，这里表示孟德尔被称为现代遗传学之父。refer 意为“把……称为……”，为固定搭配。这里陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时。主语G. J. Mendel和refer t之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，且be动词用is。故填is referred t。
【53题详解】
考查固定搭配和时态。句意：看过韩干马画的人都盛赞他的绝技，说他的马是真的。根据“saying his hrses were real nes”可知，这些人说他的马简直是真的，这里是对他的画技高度赞扬。sing high praises fr.意为“高度赞扬”，为固定搭配。根据句中的saw可知，这里表示过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填sang high praises fr。
【54题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：他们花了大约一个月的时间才弄清楚如何启动设备。根据空后的“hw t start the equipment”可知，这里指弄清楚如何启动设备。figure ut意为“弄清楚”。空前有不定式符号t，其后跟动词原形。故填figure ut。
【55题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：科学家们正在绞尽脑汁想办法解决这个问题。根据空前的“beating their brains trying t”和空后的“a gd slutin”可知，这里指绞尽脑汁想解决办法。cme up with意为“想出，提出”。空前有不定式符号t，其后跟动词原形。故填cme up with。
【56题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：没有人能解释这种奇怪的景象，但人们仍然对它感到惊讶。根据空前的“Nbdy can”和空后的“the strange sight”可知，这里指没有人能解释这种奇怪的景象。accunt fr意为“解释，说明”。空前有不定式符号t，其后跟动词原形。故填accunt fr。
【57题详解】
考查固定搭配和非谓语动词。句意：月球上有一座山，以元代著名天文学家郭守敬的名字命名。根据空前的“a muntain n the mn”和空后的“Gu Shujing”可知，这里指一座以郭守敬的名字命名的山。意为“以……命名……”，为固定搭配。这里是there be结构，空处应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语a muntain和name之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填named after。
V.完成句子(共5题，满分10分)
58. 很荣幸在这里做关于阅读经典的演讲。
It’s a great____________fr me t___________n reading classics.
【答案】 ①. pleasure / hnr / privilege ②. make / deliver / give a speech
【解析】
【详解】考查名词和动词短语。很荣幸做某事为It’s a great pleasure / hnr / privilege t d sth，做演讲为make / deliver / give a speech。故填pleasure / hnr / privilege；make / deliver / give a speech。
59. 他爱好广泛，从书法到吉它都很喜欢。
He has diverse interests,___________ calligraphy___________guitar-playing.
【答案】 ①. ranging frm ②. t
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。“从……到……”用动词短语range ；空格后的部分应该用非谓语形式作定语，修饰名词interests，动词range与名词interests之间是主动关系，应该用现在分词形式作定语。故填ranging frm；t
60. 在过去的十年里，在医学和环境科学领域取得了巨大的进步。
In the past ten years,_____________________________ in medicine and envirnmental science.
【答案】great advances have been made/great prgress has been made
【解析】
【详解】考查时态语态和名词。表示“巨大的进步”短语为great advances或great prgress；此处谓语为make与主语构成被动关系，根据上文In the past ten years可知为现在完成时的被动语态。故填great advances have been made/great prgress has been made。
61. 我希望你们能去卢浮宫亲自感受一下这些伟大艺术品的力与美。
I hpe yu can visit the Luvre ne day t feel ___________ f these great ___________ fr yurselves.
【答案】 ①. the beauty and pwer ②. wrks f art/artwrks
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。表示“力与美”应用名词短语the beauty and pwer作宾语，表示“艺术品”应用名词短语wrks f art或artwrks作宾语。故填①the beauty and pwer②wrks f art/artwrks。
62. 学生们的国画作品将于下周一在大厅展出，标志着中国传统文化艺术展的开始。
The Chinese paintings created by the students ___________ in the hall next Mnday, ___________ the start f the traditinal Chinese art exhibitin.
【答案】 ①. will be displayed (exhibited) / will be n display (shw) ②. marking
【解析】
【详解】考查一般将来时、被动语态和现在分词。根据next Mnday可知，此处应用一般将来时。表示“展出”应用动词display或exhibit，和主语构成被动关系，也可用介词短语n display/shw表示“展出”作表语。表示“标志着”应用动词mark，第二处空格和系动词之间没有连词，且动词mark和句子构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词形式作状语。故填①will be displayed (exhibited)/will be n display (shw)②marking。
in terms f, tie.. t..., cme up with, reach ut t, get a lead f, sing high praises fr,
bring... int fcus, figure ut, accunt fr, refer t, leave an impressin n sb., be named after
Ⅰ.单项填空(共15小题，满分15分)
1. —D yu think Peter will give up the risky plan?
— . He is s stubbrn that he wn’t listen t anyne’s pinin.
A. N wayB. Nt a littleC. Nt a big dealD. N dubt
2. Zack’s live bradcast gave a vivid f the Luvre’s mst amazing treasures.
A. ladB. accuntC. attemptD. draft
3. The visitrs t Flrence are greatly impressed with the Cathedral cnstructed in the Renaissance.
A. frequentB. thrillingC. magnificentD. fascinated
4. With the rapid develpment alng the Huangpu River, a new “pening methd” has been adpted fr the industrial heritage sites that alng the riverbank.
A. expandB. btainC. spreadD. stretch
5. Mre expressways ________ in Sichuan sn t prmte the lcal ecnmy.
A. are being builtB. will be built
C. have been builtD. had been built
6. At the age f 84, Tu Yuyu was awarded the Nbel Prize fr Medicine, ______her the first female Chinese scientist ______ the award.
A making; t winB. t make; winningC. making; winningD. t make; t win
7. At cllege, Barack Obama didn’t knw that he the first black president f the United States f America.
A. was t becmeB. will becmeC. had becmeD. became
8. _____ it is true that a student’s mst imprtant gal is t d well in her r his studies, it desn’t need t be the nly gal.
A. AsB. WhileC. WhenD. Since
9. Everywhere in the wrld, as t liver cancer, there is n bvius breakthrugh that’s .
A. in brught lightB. n bardC. in chargeD. n the hrizn
10. Mr. Smith ______ t Beijing, fr I saw him in the library just nw.
A. needn’t have gneB. mustn’t have gne
C. can’t have gneD. shuldn’t have gne
11. The mnument was built in hnr f the explrer wh was believed _____ the river.
A. t have discveredB. t have been discvered
C. t discverD. having been discvered
12. The building, frm ______tp visitrs can enjy a gd view f Sanya, attracts hundreds f turists every day.
A. whichB. whseC. itsD. where
13. Franklin, as well as many ther scientists, us t make scientific discveries by cnducting experiments.
A. have inspiredB. has inspiredC. are inspiringD. had inspired
14. All her time _________ experiments, she has n time fr entertainment.
A. devted t dingB. devted t d
C. devting t dD. is devted t ding
15. remains significant is we have an incredible desire t think and create. That’s the real spirit f inventin.
A. That; thatB. What; thatC. That; whatD. What; what
II.完形填空(共20小题，满分30分)
I’d just gtten ut f hspital myself. Five days after my mther____16____ , a tire f my car blew. I was ging 50mph when I cmpletely lst ____17____: my car____18____ head—n int a cncrete barrier. I shuld have been ____19____ but frtunately I survived. Physically I healed quickly, but the____20____ injuries and fear f my wn death stayed n. Sn even____21____ activities, like driving a car r visiting my dctr, filled me with great fear. Eventually I fell int a state f____22____and stpped seeing friends. I even didn’t want t g anywhere and feel anything.
Then, last February, I was invited by my friends t g____23____in Clrad. My first respnse was t____24____. I didn’t want t get n a plane, attach sticks ____25____ my feet r slide dwn a muntain. The mere thught f meeting new peple____26____me. But I had a sense that this jurney might be the brilliant sunlight I____27____needed. I finally agreed.
The first day, I was____28____with Peter, an experienced cach. He sensed my fear, patiently remving it with a smile and jkes. I was abslutely terrified f ____29____myself, but his gentle encuragement kept me ging. Then he said smething that made me nd in recgnitin, “Jill, fear____30____everything.” Peter was talking abut skiing, abut hw yur muscles ____31____when yu are afraid, ften causing yu t fall. And it’s particularly true in life as well. When yu permit fear t ____32____yu frm ding what yu lve, life stps. With Peter’s wrds in mind, I kept practicing.
By the end f the day, I’d imprved enugh t fly dwn hills that had ____33____me, a bright smile n my face and tears in my eyes. Tears were nt frm the cld but frm____34____. I’d faced my fears n the muntain, and I knew____35____the rest wuldn’t be far behind.
16. A. passed nB. passed awayC. gt verD. gt thrugh
17. A. senseB. sightC. memryD. cntrl
18. A. crashedB. struckC. fldedD. flew
19. A. injuredB. relaxedC. killedD. frightened
20. A. hurtfulB. emtinalC. severeD. brain
21. A. basicB. specialC. persnalD. meaningful
22. A. dullnessB. thrillC. anxietyD. embarrassment
23. A. climbingB. skiingC. hikingD. camping
24. A. escapeB. cnsiderC. acceptD. refuse
25. A. nB. inC. tD. with
26. A. puzzledB. delightedC. tiredD. surprised
27. A. accuratelyB. desperatelyC. accidentallyD. finally
28. A. pairedB. familiarC. bredD. angry
29. A. lsingB. changingC. upsettingD. hurting
30. A. scaresB. stpsC. fllwsD. cnquers
31. A. tense upB. give upC. wake upD. turn up
32 A. pressB. preventC. stimulateD. inspire
33. A. scaredB. attractedC. bredD. interested
34. A. bitternessB. tughnessC. gratefulnessD. peacefulness
35. A. embracingB. quittingC. challengingD. vercming
III.阅读理解(共12个小题，满分30分)
A
As a child, I was prud f my suthern rigin. My wn vice reflected my family’s past and present-part nrthern Mississippi, part Tennessee, all suthern. There was n sund I lved mre than my grandmther’s accent: thick, sweet, warm.
While grwing up, I began t realize utside f ur regin, sutherners were ften dismissed as uncultured and ignrant. I was ready t leave behind my tiny twn in West Tennessee, starting a new life and jumping at big chances in sme far-ff cities. In that embarrassing space between “teen” and “adult”, my accent was a symbl f everything I thught I hated abut my life in the rural Suth. I feared it wuld disqualify me frm being a nted magazine writer. I wuld have t talk less “cuntry”. S I killed a piece f myself. I’m ashamed f it, but I’m mre ashamed that I tried t kill that part f smene else-change Emily’s accent.
I met Emily in cllege. She was determined t wrk fr the student newspaper, which was where I spent mst f my waking hurs, and we became friends. She, unlike me, accepted her rts. Early in ur friendship, her mther asked where I was frm, assuming it was smewhere up nrth. Then I felt my effrts paid ff and even wanted t ignre the mistake.
Emily is tw years yunger and she cared abut my pinin. I advised her t be mre like me and hide her signature Manchester accent. I stressed that thrughut ur cllege years, ften by making fun f her vwel (元音) sunds. I tld myself I was helping her achieve her dream f wrking as a reprter. Nw, I see that it was actually abut justifying my hiding part f myself.
Grandma Carlyn used t tell me, “Girl, dn’t frget where yu cme frm.” Nw I truly understand that. Many things have faded frm memry, but this sticks in my mind with uncmfrtable clarity. Nw that I am grwn and have left the Suth, it’s imprtant t me.
36. What made the authr want t leave her hmetwn?
A. Appeal f cnvenience in cities.
B. Her dream f becming a writer.
C. Outside prejudice against sutherners.
D. Her desire fr the nrthern accent.
37. Hw did the authr feel abut the mistake f Emily’s mther?
A. Upset.B. Pleased.C. Ashamed.D. Surprised.
38. Why n earth did the authr try t change Emily’s accent?
A. T prve herself right.B. T help Emily be a reprter.
C. T make herself influential.D. T prtect Emily’s self-dignity.
39 What message des the text want t cnvey?
A. Stay true t yur rts.B. Never d things by halves.
C. Hld n t yur dreams.D. Never judge a persn by his accent.
B
Schlars have lng debated hw and when the Renaissance began. One thing, hwever, that mst schlars agree upn is the significance f this histrical perid as an evlutinary mvement tward individualism in art and thught. Althugh there is n histrical agreement n the exact time rder f events leading t the Renaissance, many histrians agree that visinaries f the fifteenth century had a sense f belnging t a mvement far greater than themselves and s far-reaching as t supersede the artistic and literary frms f the classical era. This phenmenn prduced the Renaissance, a perid when art, literature, language, and philsphy fund new and extrardinary interpretatins in the hands f the Humanists. Humanists believed in the imprtance f the humanities r “human letters”. Eventually, intellectuals f this perid became aware f man’s inner ptential.
The furteenth century Italian pet Petrarch characterized the early stage f this mvement as the New Age. In fact, it was his term, “Rinascita”, which cmes frm the Latin “renasci”, t be rebrn, that eventually led t the term Renaissance that we use tday.
Petrarch believed that the end f classical antiquity and the beginning f a thusand years f darkness, which he characterized as “the Dark Ages”, came with the destructin f the Rman Empire by invasins in 476 A.D. The awakening frm this perid was a time f rebirth, which he distinguished as the New Age. Petrarch’s view limited the Rinascita t the cmeback f Latin and Greek classics frm antiquity based n translatins f ancient text. Mst significant was his belief that the pagans (异教徒) f antiquity were much inspired by the pursuit f arts and literature in an effrt t reach the highest ptential f perfectin n earth. This belief led t a new sense f individualism and enlightenment that characterized the age f the Renaissance as ne that was against the ld beliefs that man’s earthly life was merely a functin f the scial rder. Frm the furteenth century thrugh the early seventeenth century, this new individualism grew steadily in Western Eurpean culture with a mtivatin fed by man’s desire t define and evaluate the essential values between men f antiquity and the emerging mdern man.
Nt nly did artists and writers turn t classical culture fr inspiratin, they set new gals. They explred the relatinship between ancient cultures and their wn cultures, and by ding s, they discvered a new visin f human life, f man as a glrius creature capable f develping his mind and bdy t reach his fullest ptential tward perfectin.
40. The wrd “supersede” (in paragraph 1) mst prbably means ________.
A. keep pace withB. make full use f
C. give rise tD. take the place f
41. Which f the fllwing shws the crrect time rder (frm far t near) f the three perids?
A. the Dark Ages, the Renaissance, the Rman Empire
B. the Renaissance, the Rman Empire, the Dark Ages
C. the Rman Empire, the Dark Ages, the Renaissance
D. the Dark Ages, the Rman Empire, the Renaissance
42. Why is Petrarch mentined in the passage?
A. He cined the term “Renaissance”, which has been in use fr ver 700 years.
B. His belief in persnal perfectin was the fundamental idea f the Renaissance.
C. His predictin f the cmeback f Latin and Greek classics inspired many artists.
D. He translated ancient texts t Latin and Greek, leading t the start f the Renaissance.
43. What can be cncluded abut artists and writers during perid f the Renaissance?
A. They failed t realize their wn fullest ptential.
B. They develped their wn cultures frm ancient nes.
C. They went beynd the classics with a new individualism.
D. They did nthing mre than recapture the glry f the ancients.
C
When it cmes t risky behavir, adlescence is the perfect strm. In fact, teens are hardwired t seek challenge. Accrding t a study by University Cllege Lndn (UCL), risk-taking behavir peaks during adlescence. As an adlescent’s scial-emtinal system matures, they lng fr stimulatin and teen challenge.
Mrever, the study fund that teens tk risks because they enjyed the thrill. In fact, they ften understd the cnsequences f their behavir. Hwever, the desire t take risks was strnger than their cmmn sense. That’s because the teen brain is nt fully develped. Therefre, the areas cntrlling impulses (冲动) and decisin-making are still immature.
The study invlved adlescents and adults aged 9 t 35 years. Participants chse between risky and safe ptins in a cmputer gambling game. Scientists fund that the teenagers tk the mst risks cmpared with the ther grups. In fact, 14-year ld teens demnstrated the mst risky behavir. In ther wrds, they were cnstantly seeking challenge and excitement.
In anther study at the University f Texas at Austin, participants aged 8 t 30 were given mney as a reward fr crrectly identifying an image. Scientists measured hw their brains respnded when they fund ut whether their answers were right r wrng. The teenagers’ brains released the highest levels f dpamine, a chemical assciated with pleasure. Dpamine mtivates the brain t seek rewards and is linked t addictin. Thus, the researchers cncluded that teens are mre willing t take risks in rder t experience rewards.
Risk-taking isn’t always a bad thing if it takes place within safe bundaries. In fact, a certain level f safe, psitive risk-taking is essential fr teens t develp their sense f self and gain self-esteem (自尊). Healthy risk-taking activities include playing sprts, utdr adventures, perfrming n stage, and reaching ut t make new friends.
In cnclusin, there’s n getting arund it: Teens will always seek thrills and push the limits. They’re made that way. But parents can help them find healthy challenges that supprt grwth and reduce risk.
44. What is the reasn fr teens’ tendency t take risks?
A. They lack cmmn sense and decisin-making ability.
B. They dn’t understand the cnsequences f their behavir.
C. They enjy the excitement and actively pursue stimulatin.
D. Their brain areas cntrlling impulses are fully develped.
45. Hw did the researchers carry ut the first study?
A. By analyzing the chices f teens and adults in the gambling game.
B. By analyzing the results f the gambling game.
C. By measuring hw brains wrked in the gambling game.
D. By bserving hw excited the teens were in the gambling game.
46. Which f the fllwing statements is true accrding t para 4-5?
A. The mre risk-taking teens are, the mre self-esteem they have.
B Dpamine plays an imprtant rle in teens’ risk-taking activities.
C. Making new friends shuldn’t be cnsidered as risk-taking.
D. Taking risks makes a teenager mre eager fr reward.
47. What is the authr’s attitude twards risk-taking behavir f teenagers?
A. Negative.B. Apprving.C. Objective.D. Ambiguus.
第Ⅱ卷
IV.短语填空(共10题，满分15分)
用下列短语的适当形式填空，每个短语仅用一次，其中两个短语为多余选项
48. He wants t___________his daughter but she desn’t want t cmmunicate with him.
49. Which f the paintings ___________as yu were visiting the art exhibitin in the gallery yesterday?
50. ___________ the envirnment, it is nw pssible t create an intelligent walking huse, which is capable f using GPS technlgy t travel t different places.
51. After she had___________the bat ___________the tree, she gt ff it and went t the twn.
52. G. J. Mendel, wh was brn in Austria,___________ as the father f mdern genetics(基因学).
53. Thse wh saw Han Gan’s hrse paintings all ___________his unique skill, saying his hrses were real nes.
54. It tk them abut ne mnth t___________hw t start the equipment.
55. The scientists are beating their brains trying t___________a gd slutin t the prblem.
56. Nbdy can ___________the strange sight, but peple are still amazed at it.
57. There is a muntain n the mn ___________Gu Shujing, a famus Chinese astrnmer f the Yuan Dynasty.
V.完成句子(共5题，满分10分)
58. 很荣幸在这里做关于阅读经典的演讲。
It’s a great____________fr me t___________n reading classics.
59. 他爱好广泛，从书法到吉它都很喜欢。
He has diverse interests,___________ calligraphy___________guitar-playing.
60. 在过去的十年里，在医学和环境科学领域取得了巨大的进步。
In the past ten years,_____________________________ in medicine and envirnmental science.
61. 我希望你们能去卢浮宫亲自感受一下这些伟大艺术品的力与美。
I hpe yu can visit the Luvre ne day t feel ___________ f these great ___________ fr yurselves
62. 学生们的国画作品将于下周一在大厅展出，标志着中国传统文化艺术展的开始。
The Chinese paintings created by the students ___________ in the hall next Mnday, ___________ the start f the traditinal Chinese art exhibitin.in terms f, tie.. t..., cme up with, reach ut t, get a lead f, sing high praises fr,
bring... int fcus, figure ut, accunt fr, refer t, leave an impressin n sb., be named after
2023—2024—2天津一中高一英语(b3u3—5)阶段性评价试卷
第Ⅰ卷
Ⅰ.单项填空(共15小题，满分15分)
1. —D yu think Peter will give up the risky plan?
— . He is s stubbrn that he wn’t listen t anyne’s pinin.
A. N wayB. Nt a littleC. Nt a big dealD. N dubt
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——你认为彼得会放弃这个冒险的计划吗？——不可能。他太固执了，不听任何人的意见。A. N wayb 不可能，决不；B. Nt a little非常；C. Nt a big deal没什么大不了的；D. N dubt无疑，很可能。根据句中的“He is s stubbrn that he wn’t listen t anyne’s pinin”可知，彼得很固执，不可能放弃这个计划，应用N way。故选A。
2. Zack’s live bradcast gave a vivid f the Luvre’s mst amazing treasures.
A. ladB. accuntC. attemptD. draft
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：扎克的现场直播生动地讲述了卢浮宫最令人惊叹的宝藏。A. lad负载，负荷；B. accunt账户，描述；C. attempt企图；D. draft草稿。根据空后的f the Luvre’s mst amazing treasures可知，这里指描述卢浮宫最令人惊叹的宝藏。give a vivid f accunt f意为“生动地描述……”。故选B。
3. The visitrs t Flrence are greatly impressed with the Cathedral cnstructed in the Renaissance.
A. frequentB. thrillingC. magnificentD. fascinated
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：参观佛罗伦萨的游客对文艺复兴时期建造的宏伟的大教堂印象深刻。A. frequent频繁的；B. thrilling激动人心的；C. magnificent壮丽的，宏伟的；D. fascinated入迷的。根据空后的Cathedral cnstructed in the Renaissance可知，这里是对建筑进行描述，应指的是宏伟的大教堂。故选C。
4. With the rapid develpment alng the Huangpu River, a new “pening methd” has been adpted fr the industrial heritage sites that alng the riverbank.
A. expandB. btainC. spreadD. stretch
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着黄浦江沿岸的快速发展，黄浦江沿岸的工业遗产地采用了一种新的“开放方式”。A.expand扩张；B.btain获得；C.spread传播；D.stretch延伸。根据“alng the riverbank”可知，此处是指黄浦江沿岸。故选D。
5. Mre expressways ________ in Sichuan sn t prmte the lcal ecnmy.
A. are being builtB. will be built
C. have been builtD. had been built
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意为：四川将建设更多的高速公路以促进当地的经济。根据时间状语sn可知，考查了将来时。英语中的时态是靠动词的变化来体现的，在具体做题时，需要关注的是时间状语。因此，考生在做本题时，需要先找出时间状语sn，然后才能准确判断时态是一般将来时。通过观察选项可知，选项A是现在进行时；选项B是一般将来时；选项C是现在完成时；选项D是过去完成时。故选择B。
6. At the age f 84, Tu Yuyu was awarded the Nbel Prize fr Medicine, ______her the first female Chinese scientist ______ the award.
A. making; t winB. t make; winningC. making; winningD. t make; t win
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查现在分词和动词不定式。句意：84岁的屠呦呦被授予诺贝尔医学奖，这使她成为第一位获得该奖项的中国女科学家。分析句子结构可知，该句的谓语是was awarded，且无连词，第一个空处应用非谓语动词，动词make与前面一句话是主动的关系，应用现在分词作结果状语。根据female Chinese scientist前有the first修饰，第二个空处应用动词不定式作后置定语。故选A项。
7. At cllege, Barack Obama didn’t knw that he the first black president f the United States f America.
A. was t becmeB. will becmeC. had becmeD. became
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：在大学时候，奥巴马不知道他将成为美国第一个黑人总统。分析句子可知，这里应用用过去将来时表示过去某个时间将要发生的事情。故选A项。
8. _____ it is true that a student’s mst imprtant gal is t d well in her r his studies, it desn’t need t be the nly gal.
A. AsB. WhileC. WhenD. Since
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管学生最重要的目标确实是在她或他的学习中取得好成绩，但这并不需要是唯一的目标。A. As尽管；B. While尽管；C. When当……的时候；D. Since自从。根据句中“a student’s mst imprtant gal is t d well in her r his studies(学生最重要的目标确实是在她或他的学习中取得好成绩)”及“it desn’t need t be the nly gal.(这并不需要是唯一的目标)”可知，两者之间是让步关系，应用while引导让步状语从句，as引导让步状语从句时，需要使用倒装结构。故选B。
9. Everywhere in the wrld, as t liver cancer, there is n bvius breakthrugh that’s .
A. in brught lightB. n bardC. in chargeD. n the hrizn
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：在世界各地，对于肝癌，目前还没有明显的突破。A.in brught light带来光明；B.n bard在船上；C.in charge掌管；D.n the hrizn即将来临的。根据“there is n bvius breakthrugh”可知，此处是指还没有明显的突破出现。故选D。
10. Mr. Smith ______ t Beijing, fr I saw him in the library just nw.
A. needn’t have gneB. mustn’t have gne
C. can’t have gneD. shuldn’t have gne
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词用法辨析。句意：史密斯线不可能去了北京，因为我刚刚在图书馆看见他了。needn’t have dne一般用于否定句或疑问句中，表示“过去没有必要做某事，但实际上却做了”；mustn’t have dne形式不存在，must表推测时不用于否定句；can’t have dne表示对过去事实的否定推测，意为“不可能做过某事”；shuldn’t have dne表示本来不应该做某事，而实际上做了，含有指责对方或自责之意。结合句意，作者在图书馆看到史密斯先生，他“不可能已经去北京了”。故选C项。
11. The mnument was built in hnr f the explrer wh was believed _____ the river.
A. t have discveredB. t have been discvered
C. t discverD. having been discvered
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句义：建造这个纪念碑是为了纪念那位被认为发现了那条大河的探险家。在be said/reperted/believed后面接不定式，为固定搭配，discver和explrer之间是主动关系，且discver发生在谓语动词believe之前，应用完成式。综上，故选A。
12. The building, frm ______tp visitrs can enjy a gd view f Sanya, attracts hundreds f turists every day.
A. whichB. whseC. itsD. where
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这座建筑每天吸引着数百名游客，游客可以从它的顶层俯瞰三亚的美景。分析题意，定语从句的先行词The building和tp之间表示所属关系。此处需用whse在从句中做定语。故选B项。
13. Franklin, as well as many ther scientists, us t make scientific discveries by cnducting experiments.
A. have inspiredB. has inspiredC. are inspiringD. had inspired
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：富兰克林和许多其他科学家一样，激励我们通过进行实验来做出科学发现。分析句子可知，本句主语为Franklin，为第三人称单数形式，所以谓语动词也用第三人称单数形式，结合选项，可以排除A、C项，且D项为过去完成时，表“过去的过去”，不符合语境，所以这里可选B项，用现在完成时，表过去发生的事情对现在的影响，符合句意。故选B项。
14. All her time _________ experiments, she has n time fr entertainment.
A. devted t dingB. devted t d
C. devting t dD. is devted t ding
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她把她的一生都贡献给了实验，没有时间娱乐。这里逗号后是一个完整的句子，逗号前All her time _________ experiments没有引导词，所以它不是从句；中间是逗号，没有并列连词，也不可能是并列句；句子的主语是she，all her time是所在句子的逻辑主语，与devte是被动关系，所以此处是独立主格结构，再根据devte all ne's time t ding意为“把一生贡献给做某事”。故选A。
【名师点睛】
非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语须与主句主语保持一致。若不一致，非谓语动词形式须另带主语，从而构成复合结构的形式作状语。这种结构称为“独立结构”。其中，非谓语动词主动用现在分词，被动用过去分词。所以独立主格结构由两部分组成，前一部分是名词或者代词，后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、现在分词、过去分词)或形容词、副词、名词或介词短语。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构在句中作状语，多用于书面语。独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的及状态等。如本题即为独立主格结构。
15. remains significant is we have an incredible desire t think and create. That’s the real spirit f inventin.
A. That; thatB. What; thatC. That; whatD. What; what
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句和表语从句。句意：重要的是，我们有一种难以置信的思考和创造的欲望。这是发明的真正精神。第一空引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，应用what；第二空引导表语从句，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，故用that。故选B。
II.完形填空(共20小题，满分30分)
I’d just gtten ut f hspital myself. Five days after my mther____16____ , a tire f my car blew. I was ging 50mph when I cmpletely lst ____17____: my car____18____ head—n int a cncrete barrier. I shuld have been ____19____ but frtunately I survived. Physically I healed quickly, but the____20____ injuries and fear f my wn death stayed n. Sn even____21____ activities, like driving a car r visiting my dctr, filled me with great fear. Eventually I fell int a state f____22____and stpped seeing friends. I even didn’t want t g anywhere and feel anything.
Then, last February, I was invited by my friends t g____23____in Clrad. My first respnse was t____24____. I didn’t want t get n a plane, attach sticks ____25____ my feet r slide dwn a muntain. The mere thught f meeting new peple____26____me. But I had a sense that this jurney might be the brilliant sunlight I____27____needed. I finally agreed.
The first day, I was____28____with Peter, an experienced cach. He sensed my fear, patiently remving it with a smile and jkes. I was abslutely terrified f ____29____myself, but his gentle encuragement kept me ging. Then he said smething that made me nd in recgnitin, “Jill, fear____30____everything.” Peter was talking abut skiing, abut hw yur muscles ____31____when yu are afraid, ften causing yu t fall. And it’s particularly true in life as well. When yu permit fear t ____32____yu frm ding what yu lve, life stps. With Peter’s wrds in mind, I kept practicing.
By the end f the day, I’d imprved enugh t fly dwn hills that had ____33____me, a bright smile n my face and tears in my eyes. Tears were nt frm the cld but frm____34____. I’d faced my fears n the muntain, and I knew____35____the rest wuldn’t be far behind.
16. A. passed nB. passed awayC. gt verD. gt thrugh
17 A. senseB. sightC. memryD. cntrl
18. A. crashedB. struckC. fldedD. flew
19. A. injuredB. relaxedC. killedD. frightened
20. A. hurtfulB. emtinalC. severeD. brain
21. A. basicB. specialC. persnalD. meaningful
22. A. dullnessB. thrillC. anxietyD. embarrassment
23. A. climbingB. skiingC. hikingD. camping
24. A. escapeB. cnsiderC. acceptD. refuse
25 A. nB. inC. tD. with
26. A. puzzledB. delightedC. tiredD. surprised
27. A. accuratelyB. desperatelyC. accidentallyD. finally
28. A. pairedB. familiarC. bredD. angry
29. A. lsingB. changingC. upsettingD. hurting
30. A. scaresB. stpsC. fllwsD. cnquers
31. A. tense upB. give upC. wake upD. turn up
32. A. pressB. preventC. stimulateD. inspire
33. A. scaredB. attractedC. bredD. interested
34. A. bitternessB. tughnessC. gratefulnessD. peacefulness
35. A. embracingB. quittingC. challengingD. vercming
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. B 21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者因为车祸，从而对很多事感到恐惧，最后在滑雪教练Peter的帮助下克服恐惧的故事。
【16题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我母亲去世五天后，我的车胎爆了。A. passed n传递下去；B. passed away去世；C. gt ver克服；D. gt thrugh完成。根据上文“I’d just gtten ut f hspital myself”可知，作者独自一人出院，作者的妈妈去世了。故选B。
【17题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我以每小时50英里的速度行驶，突然完全失去了控制:我的车迎头撞上了一个混凝土障碍物。A. sense感觉；B. sight景象；C. memry记忆；D. cntrl控制。根据后文“my car__3__head-n int a cncrete barrier.”可知，作者的车撞上了混凝土屏障，所以是作者失去了对车的控制，导致车撞了。故选D。
【18题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我以每小时50英里的速度行驶，突然完全失去了控制:我的车迎头撞上了一个混凝土障碍物。A. crashed撞车；B. struck打；C. flded折叠；D. flew飞。根据下文“int a cncrete barrier”可知，作者的车撞上了障碍物。故选A。
【19题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我本该被杀死，但幸运的是我活了下来。A. injured伤害；B. relaxed放松；C. killed杀死；D. frightened使惊吓。根据后文“but frtunately I survived”可知，此处表转折，作者活了下来，所以前句应表示作者本该被杀死。故选C。
【20题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：身体上我很快就痊愈了，但精神上的创伤和对死亡的恐惧依然存在。A. hurtful伤感情的；B. emtinal感情的；C. severe严重的；D. brain脑。根据前文“Physically I healed quickly”可知，作者身体很快就痊愈，再根据前文的but表转折可知，作者精神上的创伤仍然存在，空格处用emtinal。故选B。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很快，即使是最基本的活动，比如开车或看医生，也会让我充满巨大的恐惧。A. basic基本的；B. special特别的；C. persnal个人的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据后文“like driving a car r visiting my dctr”可知，开车和看医生都属于基本活动。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终，我陷入了焦虑的状态，不再见朋友。A. dullness迟钝；B. thrill激动；C. anxiety焦虑；D. embarrassment尴尬。根据后文“I even didn’t want t g anywhere and feel anything.”可知，作者甚至不想去任何地方，也不想有任何感觉，因此作者是陷入了焦虑的状态。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，去年二月，我的朋友邀请我去Clrad滑雪。A. climbing登山运动；B. skiing滑雪；C. hiking远足；D. camping露营。根据下一段“Peter was talking abut skiing”可知，Peter在和作者谈论滑雪的事，所以朋友邀请作者去滑雪。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的第一反应是拒绝。A. escape逃跑；B. cnsider考虑；C. accept接受；D. refuse拒绝。根据后文“I finally agreed.”可知，作者最后是同意了，所以作者一开始是拒绝的。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：我不想坐飞机，不想在脚上绑棍子，也不想从山上滑下来。A. n在……上面；B. in在……里面；C. t到某处；D. with和。根据上文“attach sticks”和下文“my feet”和常识可知，滑雪要在脚上绑棍状物，作者是不想那样，attach sth. t...意为“把某物附在……上”。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一想到要认识新朋友，我就感到厌烦。A. puzzled迷惑；B. delighted使高兴；C. tired（使）厌烦；D. surprised使惊讶。根据前文“Eventually I fell int a state f__7__and stpped seeing friends. I even didn’t want t g anywhere and feel anything.”可知，作者目前很焦虑，作者不想去任何地方，所以认识新朋友会感到厌烦。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但我有一种感觉，这段旅程可能就是我迫切需要的灿烂阳光。A. accurately准确地；B. desperately极度地；C. accidentally意外地；D. finally最后。根据上文“Eventually I fell int a state f___7__”和“the brilliant sunlight”可知，作者陷入了焦虑的状态，所以急需灿烂阳光，空格处意为“极度地”，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第一天，我和彼得搭档，他是一位经验丰富的教练。A. paired配对的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. bred无聊的；D. angry生气的。根据后文“an experienced cach”可知，Peter是一位经验丰富的教练，他在教作者，所以是和作者配对。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我非常害怕伤害自己，但他温柔的鼓励让我坚持下去。A. lsing遗失；B. changing改变；C. upsetting使烦恼；D. hurting伤害。根据前文“Then, last February, I was invited by my friends t g__8___in Clrad.”可知，朋友邀请作者去滑雪，而滑雪是有危险的，作者怕伤害到自己。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：吉尔，恐惧阻止一切。A. scares惊吓；B. stps（使）停止；C. fllws跟随；D. cnquers征服。根据后文“When yu permit fear t __17__yu frm ding what yu lve, life stps”可知，恐惧阻止一切。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：彼得在说滑雪，说当你害怕时，你的肌肉会紧张，经常导致你摔倒。A. tense up（使）（肌肉）紧张；B. give up放弃；C. wake up醒来；D. turn up出现。根据空前的“muscles”以及空后的“when yu are afraid, ften causing yu t fall”可知，此处表达当你害怕时，你的肌肉会紧张，经常导致你摔倒，故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你允许恐惧阻止你去做你喜欢的事情时，生命就停止了。A. press压；B. prevent阻止；C. stimulate刺激；D. inspire鼓励。根据上文“fear__15___everything”可知，恐惧阻止一切，也会阻止你去做你喜欢的事情。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一天结束的时候，我已经进步到可以飞下那些曾经让我害怕的山了，脸上挂着灿烂的微笑，眼里噙着泪水。A. scared使害怕；B. attracted吸引；C. bred使厌烦；D. interested使感兴趣。根据上文“I didn’t want t get n a plane, attach sticks__10__ my feet r slide dwn a muntain”可知，作者刚开始不想从山上滑下去，是因为作者害怕，此处表示飞下那些曾经让作者害怕的山。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：眼泪不是因为寒冷，而是因为感激。A. bitterness苦味；B. tughness韧性；C. gratefulness感恩；D. peacefulness平静。根据上文“By the end f the day, I’d imprved enugh t fly dwn hills that had __18__me, a bright smile n my face and tears in my eyes”可知，作者流泪是因为作者滑雪技术进步很大，作者克服了恐惧，所以作者流泪是感激Peter。故选C。
35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在山上面对过我的恐惧，我知道克服其他的也不远了。A. embracing拥抱；B. quitting离开；C. challenging挑战；D. vercming克服。根据前文“I’d faced my fears n the muntain”可知，作者能面对山上的恐惧，所以作者也能克服其他的恐惧。故选D。
III.阅读理解(共12个小题，满分30分)
A
As a child, I was prud f my suthern rigin. My wn vice reflected my family’s past and present-part nrthern Mississippi, part Tennessee, all suthern. There was n sund I lved mre than my grandmther’s accent: thick, sweet, warm.
While grwing up, I began t realize utside f ur regin, sutherners were ften dismissed as uncultured and ignrant. I was ready t leave behind my tiny twn in West Tennessee, starting a new life and jumping at big chances in sme far-ff cities. In that embarrassing space between “teen” and “adult”, my accent was a symbl f everything I thught I hated abut my life in the rural Suth. I feared it wuld disqualify me frm being a nted magazine writer. I wuld have t talk less “cuntry”. S I killed a piece f myself. I’m ashamed f it, but I’m mre ashamed that I tried t kill that part f smene else-change Emily’s accent.
I met Emily in cllege. She was determined t wrk fr the student newspaper, which was where I spent mst f my waking hurs, and we became friends. She, unlike me, accepted her rts. Early in ur friendship, her mther asked where I was frm, assuming it was smewhere up nrth. Then I felt my effrts paid ff and even wanted t ignre the mistake.
Emily is tw years yunger and she cared abut my pinin. I advised her t be mre like me and hide her signature Manchester accent. I stressed that thrughut ur cllege years, ften by making fun f her vwel (元音) sunds. I tld myself I was helping her achieve her dream f wrking as a reprter. Nw, I see that it was actually abut justifying my hiding part f myself.
Grandma Carlyn used t tell me, “Girl, dn’t frget where yu cme frm.” Nw I truly understand that. Many things have faded frm memry, but this sticks in my mind with uncmfrtable clarity. Nw that I am grwn and have left the Suth, it’s imprtant t me.
36. What made the authr want t leave her hmetwn?
A. Appeal f cnvenience in cities.
B. Her dream f becming a writer.
C. Outside prejudice against sutherners.
D. Her desire fr the nrthern accent.
37. Hw did the authr feel abut the mistake f Emily’s mther?
A. Upset.B. Pleased.C. Ashamed.D. Surprised.
38. Why n earth did the authr try t change Emily’s accent?
A. T prve herself right.B. T help Emily be a reprter.
C. T make herself influential.D. T prtect Emily’s self-dignity.
39. What message des the text want t cnvey?
A. Stay true t yur rts.B. Never d things by halves.
C. Hld n t yur dreams.D. Never judge a persn by his accent.
【答案】36. C 37. B 38. A 39. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者因为别人的偏见以及追求更好的生活改变自己的口音，但后来才意识到这样做抹杀了自己身份的一部分，也明白了要坚守本根。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“While grwing up, I began t realize utside f ur regin, sutherners were ften dismissed as uncultured and ignrant. I was ready t leave behind my tiny twn in West Tennessee, starting a new life and jumping at big chances in sme far-ff cities.(在成长过程中，我开始意识到，在我们的地区之外，南方人经常被认为是没有文化和无知的。我准备离开我在西田纳西州的小镇，开始新的生活，并在一些遥远的城市抓住大好机会)”可知，作者决定离开南部的家乡是因为其他人认为南方人没文化、无知，即外部对南方人的偏见。故选C。
【37题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“Early in ur friendship, her mther asked where I was frm, assuming it was smewhere up nrth. Then I felt my effrts paid ff and even wanted t ignre the mistake.(在我们的友谊之初，她妈妈问我来自哪里，以为是北方的某个地方。然后我觉得我的努力得到了回报，甚至想忽略这个错误)”推知，当被Emily的妈妈误会来自北方时，作者是非常开心的。故选B。
【38题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“I feared it wuld disqualify me frm being a nted magazine writer. I wuld have t talk less “cuntry”. S I killed a piece f myself. (我担心这会使我失去成为著名杂志作家的资格。我就得少说些“乡村”了。所以我抹杀了自己身份的一部分)”，第三段的“She was determined t wrk fr the student newspaper, which was where I spent mst f my waking hurs(她决心为校报工作，而我醒着的大部分时间都在那里度过的)”以及倒数第二段的“I advised her t be mre like me and hide her signature Manchester accent. I stressed that thrughut ur cllege years, ften by making fun f her vwel (元音) sunds. I tld myself I was helping her achieve her dream f wrking as a reprter. (我建议她更像我，隐藏她标志性的曼彻斯特口音。在我们的大学生活中，我经常通过取笑她的元音来强调这一点。我告诉自己，我是在帮她实现当记者的梦想)”可知，作者通过改变自己的口音获得了在校报工作的机会。由此推知，作者努力改变Emily的口音是为了证明自己是对的，即改变南方口音就有可能获得好工作。故选A。
【39题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，并结合第二段的“I’m ashamed f it, but I’m mre ashamed that I tried t kill that part f smene else-change Emily’s accent.(我很惭愧，但我更惭愧的是我试图抹杀别人的那部分——改变艾米丽的口音)”和最后一段“Grandma Carlyn used t tell me, “Girl, dn’t frget where yu cme frm.” Nw I truly understand that. Many things have faded frm memry, but this sticks in my mind with uncmfrtable clarity. (卡罗琳奶奶过去常对我说：“女孩，别忘了你来自哪里。”现在我真的明白了。许多事情已经从记忆中消失了，但这件事却以令人不安的清晰印象留在了我的脑海中)”可知，文章想要传达的信息是：坚守本根。故选A。
B
Schlars have lng debated hw and when the Renaissance began. One thing, hwever, that mst schlars agree upn is the significance f this histrical perid as an evlutinary mvement tward individualism in art and thught. Althugh there is n histrical agreement n the exact time rder f events leading t the Renaissance, many histrians agree that visinaries f the fifteenth century had a sense f belnging t a mvement far greater than themselves and s far-reaching as t supersede the artistic and literary frms f the classical era. This phenmenn prduced the Renaissance, a perid when art, literature, language, and philsphy fund new and extrardinary interpretatins in the hands f the Humanists. Humanists believed in the imprtance f the humanities r “human letters”. Eventually, intellectuals f this perid became aware f man’s inner ptential.
The furteenth century Italian pet Petrarch characterized the early stage f this mvement as the New Age. In fact, it was his term, “Rinascita”, which cmes frm the Latin “renasci”, t be rebrn, that eventually led t the term Renaissance that we use tday.
Petrarch believed that the end f classical antiquity and the beginning f a thusand years f darkness, which he characterized as “the Dark Ages”, came with the destructin f the Rman Empire by invasins in 476 A.D. The awakening frm this perid was a time f rebirth, which he distinguished as the New Age. Petrarch’s view limited the Rinascita t the cmeback f Latin and Greek classics frm antiquity based n translatins f ancient text. Mst significant was his belief that the pagans (异教徒) f antiquity were much inspired by the pursuit f arts and literature in an effrt t reach the highest ptential f perfectin n earth. This belief led t a new sense f individualism and enlightenment that characterized the age f the Renaissance as ne that was against the ld beliefs that man’s earthly life was merely a functin f the scial rder. Frm the furteenth century thrugh the early seventeenth century, this new individualism grew steadily in Western Eurpean culture with a mtivatin fed by man’s desire t define and evaluate the essential values between men f antiquity and the emerging mdern man.
Nt nly did artists and writers turn t classical culture fr inspiratin, they set new gals. They explred the relatinship between ancient cultures and their wn cultures, and by ding s, they discvered a new visin f human life, f man as a glrius creature capable f develping his mind and bdy t reach his fullest ptential tward perfectin.
40. The wrd “supersede” (in paragraph 1) mst prbably means ________.
A. keep pace withB. make full use f
C. give rise tD. take the place f
41. Which f the fllwing shws the crrect time rder (frm far t near) f the three perids?
A. the Dark Ages, the Renaissance, the Rman Empire
B. the Renaissance, the Rman Empire, the Dark Ages
C. the Rman Empire, the Dark Ages, the Renaissance
D. the Dark Ages, the Rman Empire, the Renaissance
42. Why is Petrarch mentined in the passage?
A. He cined the term “Renaissance”, which has been in use fr ver 700 years.
B. His belief in persnal perfectin was the fundamental idea f the Renaissance.
C. His predictin f the cmeback f Latin and Greek classics inspired many artists.
D. He translated ancient texts t Latin and Greek, leading t the start f the Renaissance.
43. What can be cncluded abut artists and writers during perid f the Renaissance?
A They failed t realize their wn fullest ptential.
B. They develped their wn cultures frm ancient nes.
C. They went beynd the classics with a new individualism.
D. They did nthing mre than recapture the glry f the ancients.
【答案】40. D 41. C 42. B 43. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了文艺复兴时代的特点和意义，以及该时期的知识分子思想的觉醒。
【40题详解】
词句猜测题。根据该单词下一句“This phenmenn prduced the Renaissance, a perid when art, literature, language, and philsphy fund new and extrardinary interpretatins in the hands f the Humanists.(这一现象产生了文艺复兴时期，在这个时期，艺术、文学、语言和哲学在人文主义者的手中找到了新的、非凡的解释)”可知，这场运动的影响非常深远，艺术、文学、语言和哲学都有了全新的解释。由此判断，这场运动取代了之前古典时期的艺术和文学形式。选项A“keep pace with (和……一致)”；选项B“make full use f (充分利用)”；选项C“give rise t (导致)”；选项D“take the place f (取代)”。故选D。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Petrarch believed that the end f classical antiquity and the beginning f a thusand years f darkness, which he characterized as “the Dark Ages”, came with the destructin f the Rman Empire by invasins in 476 A.D. The awakening frm this perid was a time f rebirth, which he distinguished as the New Age. Petrarch’s view limited the Rinascita t the cmeback f Latin and Greek classics frm antiquity based n translatins f ancient text. Mst significant was his belief that the pagans (异教徒) f antiquity were much inspired by the pursuit f arts and literature in an effrt t reach the highest ptential f perfectin n earth. This belief led t a new sense f individualism and enlightenment that characterized the age f the Renaissance as ne that was against the ld beliefs that man’s earthly life was merely a functin f the scial rder. (Petrarch认为，随着公元476年罗马帝国被入侵摧毁，古典古代的终结和千年黑暗的开始（他称之为“黑暗时代”）随之而来。从这一时期开始的觉醒是一个重生的时期，他将其称为新时代。Petrarch的观点将“复兴”限制在以古代文本翻译为基础的拉丁语和希腊语经典的回归上。最重要的是他相信古代的异教徒受到了对艺术和文学的追求的启发，努力达到地球上完美的最高潜力。这种信念导致了一种新的个人主义和启蒙思想，这是文艺复兴时代的特征，它与认为人类的世俗生活只是社会秩序的一个功能的旧信仰相抵触)”可知，罗马帝国后为黑暗时代，然后为文艺复兴时代。故选C。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The furteenth century Italian pet Petrarch characterized the early stage f this mvement as the New Age. In fact, it was his term, “Rinascita”, which cmes frm the Latin “renasci”, t be rebrn, that eventually led t the term Renaissance that we use tday.(14世纪意大利诗人Petrarch将这一运动的早期阶段称为“新时代”。事实上，正是他的术语“Rinascita”，来自拉丁语“renasci”，意思是重生，最终导致了我们今天使用的“文艺复兴”一词)”以及第三段“Petrarch’s view limited the Rinascita t the cmeback f Latin and Greek classics frm antiquity based n translatins f ancient text. Mst significant was his belief that the pagans (异教徒) f antiquity were much inspired by the pursuit f arts and literature in an effrt t reach the highest ptential f perfectin n earth. This belief led t a new sense f individualism and enlightenment that characterized the age f the Renaissance as ne that was against the ld beliefs that man’s earthly life was merely a functin f the scial rder.(Petrarch的观点将“复兴”限制在以古代文本翻译为基础的拉丁语和希腊语经典的回归上。最重要的是他相信古代的异教徒受到了对艺术和文学的追求的启发，努力达到地球上完美的最高潜力。这种信念导致了一种新的个人主义和启蒙思想，这是文艺复兴时代的特征，它与认为人类的世俗生活只是社会秩序的一个功能的旧信仰相抵触)”可推知，文章之所以提到Petrarch是因为Petrarch的观点导致了一种新的个人主义和启蒙思想，而这正是文艺复兴时代的特征，它与认为人类的世俗生活只是社会秩序的一个功能的旧信仰相抵触。故选B。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Nt nly did artists and writers turn t classical culture fr inspiratin, they set new gals. They explred the relatinship between ancient cultures and their wn cultures, and by ding s, they discvered a new visin f human life, f man as a glrius creature capable f develping his mind and bdy t reach his fullest ptential tward perfectin.(艺术家和作家不仅从古典文化中寻找灵感，而且还设定了新的目标。他们探索了古代文化和他们自己的文化之间的关系，通过这样做，他们发现了人类生活的新愿景，即人类是一种璀璨的生物，能够发展他的思想和身体，以充分发挥他的潜力，走向完美)”可推知，文艺复兴时代的艺术家们和作家们从古典文化中寻求灵感，同时又超越了古典并最终成就了完美的自我。故选C。
C
When it cmes t risky behavir, adlescence is the perfect strm. In fact, teens are hardwired t seek challenge. Accrding t a study by University Cllege Lndn (UCL), risk-taking behavir peaks during adlescence. As an adlescent’s scial-emtinal system matures, they lng fr stimulatin and teen challenge.
Mrever, the study fund that teens tk risks because they enjyed the thrill. In fact, they ften understd the cnsequences f their behavir. Hwever, the desire t take risks was strnger than their cmmn sense. That’s because the teen brain is nt fully develped. Therefre, the areas cntrlling impulses (冲动) and decisin-making are still immature.
The study invlved adlescents and adults aged 9 t 35 years. Participants chse between risky and safe ptins in a cmputer gambling game. Scientists fund that the teenagers tk the mst risks cmpared with the ther grups. In fact, 14-year ld teens demnstrated the mst risky behavir. In ther wrds, they were cnstantly seeking challenge and excitement.
In anther study at the University f Texas at Austin, participants aged 8 t 30 were given mney as a reward fr crrectly identifying an image. Scientists measured hw their brains respnded when they fund ut whether their answers were right r wrng. The teenagers’ brains released the highest levels f dpamine, a chemical assciated with pleasure. Dpamine mtivates the brain t seek rewards and is linked t addictin. Thus, the researchers cncluded that teens are mre willing t take risks in rder t experience rewards.
Risk-taking isn’t always a bad thing if it takes place within safe bundaries. In fact, a certain level f safe, psitive risk-taking is essential fr teens t develp their sense f self and gain self-esteem (自尊). Healthy risk-taking activities include playing sprts, utdr adventures, perfrming n stage, and reaching ut t make new friends.
In cnclusin, there’s n getting arund it: Teens will always seek thrills and push the limits. They’re made that way. But parents can help them find healthy challenges that supprt grwth and reduce risk.
44. What is the reasn fr teens’ tendency t take risks?
A. They lack cmmn sense and decisin-making ability.
B. They dn’t understand the cnsequences f their behavir.
C. They enjy the excitement and actively pursue stimulatin.
D. Their brain areas cntrlling impulses are fully develped.
45. Hw did the researchers carry ut the first study?
A. By analyzing the chices f teens and adults in the gambling game.
B. By analyzing the results f the gambling game.
C. By measuring hw brains wrked in the gambling game.
D. By bserving hw excited the teens were in the gambling game.
46. Which f the fllwing statements is true accrding t para 4-5?
A. The mre risk-taking teens are, the mre self-esteem they have.
B. Dpamine plays an imprtant rle in teens’ risk-taking activities.
C. Making new friends shuldn’t be cnsidered as risk-taking.
D. Taking risks makes a teenager mre eager fr reward.
47. What is the authr’s attitude twards risk-taking behavir f teenagers?
A. Negative.B. Apprving.C. Objective.D. Ambiguus.
【答案】44. C 45. A 46. B 47. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是相比于成年人，青少年更喜欢冒险，原因在于他们脑中释放的多巴胺有关。作者认为青少年冒险有的时候是坏事，但是如果在安全范围内冒险，可以有助于青少年发展自我意识和获得自尊，这又是有益处的。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Mrever, the study fund that teens tk risks because they enjyed the thrill. (此外，研究发现，青少年冒险是因为他们享受刺激)”可知，青少年喜欢冒险的原因是他们享受刺激。故选C。
【45题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The study invlved adlescents and adults aged 9 t 35 years. Participants chse between risky and safe ptins in a cmputer gambling game. (这项研究涉及9至35岁的青少年和成年人。参与者在电脑赌博游戏中选择风险选项和安全选项)”可知，研究人员通过分析青少年和成年人在赌博游戏中的选择进行了第一项研究。故选A。
【46题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“The teenagers’ brains released the highest levels f dpamine, a chemical assciated with pleasure. Dpamine mtivates the brain t seek rewards and is linked t addictin. Thus, the researchers cncluded that teens are mre willing t take risks in rder t experience rewards.(青少年的大脑释放出最高水平的多巴胺，一种与快乐有关的化学物质。多巴胺促使大脑寻求奖励，并与成瘾有关。因此，研究人员得出结论，青少年更愿意为了获得回报而冒险)”可知，青少年大脑释放的多巴胺促使大脑寻求奖励。由此推知，青少年更愿意去冒险是与脑中释放的多巴胺有关。故选B。
【47题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Risk-taking isn’t always a bad thing if it takes place within safe bundaries. In fact, a certain level f safe, psitive risk-taking is essential fr teens t develp their sense f self and gain self-esteem. (如果在安全的范围内冒险并不总是一件坏事。事实上，一定程度的安全、积极的冒险对于青少年发展自我意识和获得自尊至关重要)”可知，作者认为冒险有的时候是坏事，但是如果在安全范围内冒险，可以有助于青少年发展自我意识和获得自尊，这又是有益处的。由此推知，作者对于青少年冒险的态度是客观的。故选C。
第Ⅱ卷
IV.短语填空(共10题，满分15分)
用下列短语的适当形式填空，每个短语仅用一次，其中两个短语为多余选项
48. He wants t___________his daughter but she desn’t want t cmmunicate with him.
49. Which f the paintings ___________as yu were visiting the art exhibitin in the gallery yesterday?
50. ___________ the envirnment, it is nw pssible t create an intelligent walking huse, which is capable f using GPS technlgy t travel t different places.
51. After she had___________the bat ___________the tree, she gt ff it and went t the twn.
52. G. J. Mendel, wh was brn in Austria,___________ as the father f mdern genetics(基因学).
53. Thse wh saw Han Gan’s hrse paintings all ___________his unique skill, saying his hrses were real nes.
54. It tk them abut ne mnth t___________hw t start the equipment.
55. The scientists are beating their brains trying t___________a gd slutin t the prblem.
56. Nbdy can ___________the strange sight, but peple are still amazed at it.
57. There is a muntain n the mn ___________Gu Shujing, a famus Chinese astrnmer f the Yuan Dynasty.
【答案】48. reach ut t
49. left an impressin n yu
50. In terms f
51. ①. tied ②. t
52. is referred t
53. sang high praises fr
54. figure ut
55. cme up with
56. accunt fr
57. named after
【解析】
【48题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：他想联系他的女儿，但她不想和他交流。根据句中的“but she desn’t want t cmmunicate with him”可知，but前后之间是转折关系，后面说她女儿不想和他交流，所以前面应是说他想联系女儿。reach ut t意为“与……取得联系”。空前有不定式符号t，其后跟动词原形。故填reach ut t。
【49题详解】
考查固定短语和时态。句意：你昨天参观画廊的艺术展时，哪幅画给你留下了深刻印象？根据句中的“Which f the paintings”和“yu were visiting the art exhibitin in the gallery”可知，这里是在询问在参观艺术展的时候那幅画给你留下了深刻印象，应用固定短语leave an impressin n sb.，意为“给某人留下印象”。根据句中的yu可知，这里应用yu作宾语。句中的时间状语yesterday表示过去，这里动词应用过去式。故填left an impressin n yu。
【50题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：在环境方面，现在有可能创建一个智能步行屋，它能够使用GPS技术前往不同的地方。根据空后的名词短语“the envirnment”可知，这里应用介词短语in terms f，意为“就……而言”，构成介宾短语。首字母大写。故填In terms f。
【51题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：在她把船绑在树上之后，她下船去了镇里。根据两空之间的“the bat”和“the tree”可知，这里指把船绑在树上。意为“将……系/绑在……上”，为固定短语。第一空前有助动词had，这里应用过去分词tied，构成过去完成时。故填tied；t。
【52题详解】
考查固定搭配、时态和语态。句意：出生于奥地利的孟德尔被称为现代遗传学之父。根据“G. J. Mendel”和“as the father f mdern genetics(基因学)”可知，这里表示孟德尔被称为现代遗传学之父。refer 意为“把……称为……”，为固定搭配。这里陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时。主语G. J. Mendel和refer t之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，且be动词用is。故填is referred t。
【53题详解】
考查固定搭配和时态。句意：看过韩干马画的人都盛赞他的绝技，说他的马是真的。根据“saying his hrses were real nes”可知，这些人说他的马简直是真的，这里是对他的画技高度赞扬。sing high praises fr.意为“高度赞扬”，为固定搭配。根据句中的saw可知，这里表示过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填sang high praises fr。
【54题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：他们花了大约一个月的时间才弄清楚如何启动设备。根据空后的“hw t start the equipment”可知，这里指弄清楚如何启动设备。figure ut意为“弄清楚”。空前有不定式符号t，其后跟动词原形。故填figure ut。
【55题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：科学家们正在绞尽脑汁想办法解决这个问题。根据空前的“beating their brains trying t”和空后的“a gd slutin”可知，这里指绞尽脑汁想解决办法。cme up with意为“想出，提出”。空前有不定式符号t，其后跟动词原形。故填cme up with。
【56题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：没有人能解释这种奇怪的景象，但人们仍然对它感到惊讶。根据空前的“Nbdy can”和空后的“the strange sight”可知，这里指没有人能解释这种奇怪的景象。accunt fr意为“解释，说明”。空前有不定式符号t，其后跟动词原形。故填accunt fr。
【57题详解】
考查固定搭配和非谓语动词。句意：月球上有一座山，以元代著名天文学家郭守敬的名字命名。根据空前的“a muntain n the mn”和空后的“Gu Shujing”可知，这里指一座以郭守敬的名字命名的山。意为“以……命名……”，为固定搭配。这里是there be结构，空处应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语a muntain和name之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填named after。
V.完成句子(共5题，满分10分)
58. 很荣幸在这里做关于阅读经典的演讲。
It’s a great____________fr me t___________n reading classics.
【答案】 ①. pleasure / hnr / privilege ②. make / deliver / give a speech
【解析】
【详解】考查名词和动词短语。很荣幸做某事为It’s a great pleasure / hnr / privilege t d sth，做演讲为make / deliver / give a speech。故填pleasure / hnr / privilege；make / deliver / give a speech。
59. 他爱好广泛，从书法到吉它都很喜欢。
He has diverse interests,___________ calligraphy___________guitar-playing.
【答案】 ①. ranging frm ②. t
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。“从……到……”用动词短语range ；空格后的部分应该用非谓语形式作定语，修饰名词interests，动词range与名词interests之间是主动关系，应该用现在分词形式作定语。故填ranging frm；t
60. 在过去的十年里，在医学和环境科学领域取得了巨大的进步。
In the past ten years,_____________________________ in medicine and envirnmental science.
【答案】great advances have been made/great prgress has been made
【解析】
【详解】考查时态语态和名词。表示“巨大的进步”短语为great advances或great prgress；此处谓语为make与主语构成被动关系，根据上文In the past ten years可知为现在完成时的被动语态。故填great advances have been made/great prgress has been made。
61. 我希望你们能去卢浮宫亲自感受一下这些伟大艺术品的力与美。
I hpe yu can visit the Luvre ne day t feel ___________ f these great ___________ fr yurselves.
【答案】 ①. the beauty and pwer ②. wrks f art/artwrks
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。表示“力与美”应用名词短语the beauty and pwer作宾语，表示“艺术品”应用名词短语wrks f art或artwrks作宾语。故填①the beauty and pwer②wrks f art/artwrks。
62. 学生们的国画作品将于下周一在大厅展出，标志着中国传统文化艺术展的开始。
The Chinese paintings created by the students ___________ in the hall next Mnday, ___________ the start f the traditinal Chinese art exhibitin.
【答案】 ①. will be displayed (exhibited) / will be n display (shw) ②. marking
【解析】
【详解】考查一般将来时、被动语态和现在分词。根据next Mnday可知，此处应用一般将来时。表示“展出”应用动词display或exhibit，和主语构成被动关系，也可用介词短语n display/shw表示“展出”作表语。表示“标志着”应用动词mark，第二处空格和系动词之间没有连词，且动词mark和句子构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词形式作状语。故填①will be displayed (exhibited)/will be n display (shw)②marking。
in terms f, tie.. t..., cme up with, reach ut t, get a lead f, sing high praises fr,
bring... int fcus, figure ut, accunt fr, refer t, leave an impressin n sb., be named after
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