专题44.特殊句式考点运用（原卷版+解析版）

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目标导航
一、明备考方向
重点难点
强调句
1．强调句型基本结构及注意事项
强调句型基本结构为“It＋is/was＋被强调部分＋that/wh＋句子其他部分”，在理解强调句时，考生要注意以下几点：
(1)强调句型可强调的句子成分通常为主语、状语、宾语等，不能用来强调谓语动词(如强调谓语动词，常借助于d/des/did)、表语(主语补语)、让步状语、条件状语等。连接词一般用that，如被强调的部分指人时，可用wh/that，其他一律用that。
(2)判断是否是强调句，就是看把句子中的“It is/was和that/wh”去掉之后，句子是否成立。若句子依然成立，则是强调句，否则就不是强调句。
(3)强调句的一般疑问句结构：Is/Was＋it＋被强调部分＋that/wh＋其他部分？
(4)强调句的特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that/wh＋其他部分？
(5)含nt ... until ...的强调句型：It is/was nt until＋被强调部分＋that/wh＋其他部分。
It is nt hw much we d but hw much lve we put int what we d that benefits ur wrk mst.
给我们工作带来最大益处的不是我们做了多少而是我们将多少爱投入到我们所从事的事业中。
Was it in 1939 that the Secnd Wrld War brke ut?
第二次世界大战是在1939年爆发的吗？
When was it that yu called me yesterday?
你昨天是什么时候给我打电话的？
2．强调句型与结构相似的主从复合句的区别
(1)与含主语从句的主从复合句的区别
It is true that they are ging t visit the Great Wall next mnth.他们下个月准备去参观长城，这是真的。
It is the Great Wall that they are ging t visit.
他们准备去参观的地方是长城。
第一个句子是一个主从复合句，其中it是形式主语；that 引导的是主语从句，that没有任何意义，在从句中不作任何成分。第二个句子是强调句，强调的是宾语the Great Wall, It is和that没有任何意义，只是用来构成强调句型的基本框架。
(2)与含定语从句的主从复合句的区别
It is a questin that needs careful cnsideratin.
这是一个需要仔细考虑的问题。
It is nvels that William enjys reading.
威廉喜欢读的是小说。
第一个句子是一个主从复合句，其中that引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词questin，that 在从句中作主语； It在主句中作主语。第二个句子是强调句，强调的是宾语nvels, It is和that没有任何意义，只是用来构成强调句型的基本框架。
(3)与含状语从句的主从复合句的区别
①与“It is/was＋时间名词＋when ...”的区别
“It is/was＋时间名词＋when ...”句型中，it指时间，when引导的是时间状语从句。时间名词前无介词。
It was 6 'clck when I gt up tday.
今天我起床时已经6点了。
It was at 6 'clck that I gt up tday.
今天我是6点起的床。
第一句是主从复合句， It指时间，when引导时间状语从句。第二句是强调句型，强调的是时间状语at 6 'clck, It was和that无实际意义。
②与“It is/was＋时间段＋since ...”的区别
“It is/was＋时间段＋since ...”句型中，since引导时间状语从句。若since和延续性动词连用，该句型的意思是“……不做某事已有……时间了”；若since和短暂性动词连用，该句型的意思是“……做某事已有……时间了”。since引导的从句常用一般过去时。
It is tw years since I taught English.
我不教英语两年了。
It is tw years since I began t teach English.
我教英语已经两年了。
It is tw hurs that he spends n English every day.
他每天花两个小时学英语。
前两个句子是“It is＋时间段＋since ...”句型，since引导时间状语从句。第三个句子是强调句，强调的是宾语tw hurs。
③与“It was/will be＋时间段＋befre ...”的区别
“It was/will be＋时间段＋befre ...”句型中，it指时间，befre引导时间状语从句。
It was tw years befre he came back frm abrad.
过了两年他才回国。
It was tw years later that he came back frm abrad.
他是两年后回国的。
第一句中的It指时间，befre引导的是时间状语从句；第二句为强调句，强调的是时间状语tw years later。
倒装句
倒装是高考考查的常考点，高考不只是单纯考查倒装，而是常把倒装与时态、主谓一致等结合在一起进行考查，增加了考查的难度，因此考生一定要把倒装的基本用法牢记在心。倒装分为完全倒装与部分倒装。
1．完全倒装
当作状语的here, there, nw, then, dwn, up, ut, ff等表示地点、时间或方位的副词或表示地点的介词短语in the rm, n the way等置于句首且主语为名词时，句子要完全倒装。但当主语是代词时，主谓不倒装。
Jhn pened the dr. There std a girl he had never seen befre.
约翰打开门，他从来没见过的一位女孩站在那儿。
Suth f the river lies a small factry.
河的南面有一个小工厂。
2．部分倒装
(1)nly修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装；
(2)否定副词never, nr, nt, hardly, little, seldm, scarcely, rarely等及表否定意义的介词短语at n time, under/in n circumstances, in n case, by n means, n n cnditin等置于句首时要部分倒装；
(3)表示前面所说的情况也适用于后者时，用部分倒装结构s/neither/nr＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语；
(4)S＋adj./adv. ＋adj.＋n. ...＋that ...“如此……以至于……”；
(5)Nt nly ...，but als ...“不仅……而且……”，Nt nly后是主谓倒装，but als后是正常语序；
(6)在as/thugh引导的让步状语从句中，从句的表语/状语/动词位于句首，构成部分倒装结构。如果位于句首的是单数可数名词，其前不加冠词；
(7)在非真实条件句中，条件句中的if省略时，助动词had, were, shuld常提到主语前面，构成部分倒装。
Only in this way can we learn English well.
只有以这种方法，我们才能学好英语。
Never befre have I seen such a mving film.
＝I have never seen such a mving film befre.
以前我从未看过这么感人的电影。
They lve having lts f friends; s d thse with disabilities.
他们喜欢交很多朋友，那些有残疾的人也是如此。
S cld was the weather that we had t stay at hme.
天气太冷，我们只好待在家里。
Nt nly will help be given t peple t find jbs, but als medical treatment will be prvided fr peple wh need it.
不仅要给那些找工作的人提供帮助，而且也要给那些需要帮助的人提供医疗保健服务。
Child as he is, he knws a lt abut the histry f China.尽管他是个孩子，但他对中国历史知道很多。
单句语法填空
1．Next dr t urs (live) a black cuple，wh seem t have settled in this cmmunity fr quite a lng time.
2．Absurd it might sund，everyne present was amused by his adventure stry in Africa.
3．Nt until recently they encurage the develpment f turist-related activities in the rural areas.
4．Here (be) sme suggestins，which I hpe will be f benefit t yu.
【答案】 4.are
完成句子
5．Only when yu realize the imprtance f English can yu put yur heart int it.
只有当你认识到英语的重要性时，你才能全身心投入其中。
6．Nt nly can students imprve their writing ability in this way but als they can strengthen their self-cnfidence.
通过这种方式，学生们不仅能提高他们的写作能力，而且还能增强自信心。
7．S much hmewrk d we have t d every day that we have little time t have a rest.
每天我们不得不做如此多的作业，以至于我们几乎连休息的时间都没有。
8．The parents didn’t tlerate their kids’ rudeness at the party，nr did they allw themselves t be disbeyed.
父母不能容忍他们的孩子在聚会上表现得没礼貌，也不允许自己的命令不被服从。
【答案】5.can yu put yur heart int it6.can students imprve their writing ability7.d we have t d every day8.did they allw
省略
—Yu shuldn’t read bks while having lunch①. If s②，yu will make the bk dirty.Wuld yu like t put yur bk aside nw.
—I’d like t③，but the bk is s interesting that I can’t tear myself away frm it.
—D yu want t have a stmachache?
—N，I hpe nt④.I will put it away right nw.
1．在状语从句的省略中，若省略，则主语和be动词一起省略，若保留则一起保留。
Yu are nt careful enugh while (yu are) crssing a busy street.
在横穿繁忙街道的时候，你再怎么小心也不为过。
2．在状语从句的省略中，考查连词之后的非谓语动词时，要考虑该动词与主句主语之间的关系。
Thugh lacking mney，his parents managed t send him t cllege.
尽管缺钱，他的父母还是设法让他去上大学。
He always keeps silent unless asked.
除非被问到，他总是保持沉默。
单句语法填空
1．We finished the task tw days earlier than (expect)．
2．—D yu have any idea what Paul des all day?
—As I knw，he spends at least as much time playing as he des (write)．
3．We all knw that，if nt carefully (deal) with，the situatin will get wrse.
4．He suddenly turned arund as if (make) sure that nbdy was fllwing him.
【答案】 make
there be句型
there be句型是高考考查的重点语法项目，近年来高考均考查其最基本的用法，因此考生只需要掌握以下基本用法即可。
1．there be句型中的be可以有不同的时态，可以和助动词或情态动词连用。
There have been many great changes in ur cuntry since then.
自从那时起我们国家发生了很多巨变。
2．there be句型中的be有时可以用seem t be, appear t be, happen t be, used t be, have t be, remain, lie等替换。
There seems t be an annuncement abut the prject.
关于这个项目似乎有一个通知。
There remains sme cnfusin abut the nature f nline teaching.
人们对于在线教育的性质还存在一些疑惑。
3．there be句型的主谓一致，如果主语由两个或两个以上的名词或代词构成，谓语动词be应和离它最近的主语保持一致。
There is a knife and tw pens in his pcket.
他的口袋里有一把小刀和两支钢笔。
4．there be句型的常用结构
there is n dubt that ...“毫无疑问……”
there is n need t d ...“没有必要做……”
there is n denying that ...“不可否认……”
there is n pint/sense in ding sth.“做某事没有意义”
there is (n) difficulty in ding sth.“做某事(没)有困难”
there is (n) pssibility f (ding) sth./that ...“(做)某事(没)有可能性”
5．there be句型的非谓语动词形式(there being和there t be)
(1)there being结构起名词作用，用作主语或宾语，there being也可以作状语。
There being a bus stp near my huse is a great advantage.我家附近有个公共汽车站是很大的优势。
(2)there t be可以用作动词的宾语，表示一种愿望，但目前还没实现。
I expect there t be n argument abut this.
我期望关于这件事没有争吵。
练高频题点
Ⅰ.语法填空题点全练
1．It was nly when the car pulled up in frnt f ur huse we saw Lily in the passenger seat.
2．It culd be anything — gardening, cking, music, sprts — but whatever it is,
(make) sure it's a relief frm daily stress rather than anther thing t wrry abut.
3．Only when Lily walked int the ffice she realize that she had left the cntract at hme.
4．Only after talking t tw students I discver that having strng mtivatin is ne f the biggest factrs in reaching gals.
5．Such gd use he make f his spare time that his English has imprved a lt.
6．Give me a chance, I'll give yu a wnderful surprise.
7．It was nt until dark he fund what he thught was the crrect way t slve the prblem.
8．The little by came riding at full speed dwn the mtrway n his bicycle. a dangerus scene it was!
9．As far as I can see, is n pssibility that he will win the tennis match this time.
10．Dn't be discuraged. (take) things as they are and yu will enjy every day f yur life.
【答案】1.that 2.make 3.did 4.did 5.des 6.and 7.that 8.What 9.there 10.Take
Ⅰ.完成句子并改写
1．直到她摘掉墨镜我才认出她是一位著名影星。
I didn't realize she was a famus film star .
→ I realized she was a famus film star. (改为强调句，强调时间状语)
2．只有通过每天花费至少两个小时学英语，你才能快速提高你的英语水平。
Yu can imprve yur English level quickly .
→ imprve yur English level quickly.(改为倒装句)
3．当我们遇到麻烦时，我们总可以依靠的是我们的父母。
We can always when we're in truble.
→ we can always depend n when we're in truble.(改为强调句，强调宾语)
4．你不必担心他，因为他既聪明又有经验。
Yu as he is clever and experienced.
→ as he is clever and experienced.(改为there be句型)
5．他说英语说得如此清晰，以至于别人都能听得懂。
He he can always make himself understd.
→ he can always make himself understd.(改为倒装句)
【答案】1.until she tk ff her dark glasses，It was nt until she tk ff her dark glasses that2.nly by spending at least tw hurs learning English every day，Only by spending at least tw hurs learning English every day can yu3.depend n ur parents，It is ur parents that4.needn't wrry abut him，There is n need t wrry abut him5.speak English s clearly that ，S clearly des he speak English that
随堂练习
基础达标练
单句语法填空
1．Prfessr Salvery，wh invented the term EQ，gives the fllwing descriptin：At wrk，it is IQ gets yu prmted.
that【解析】考查强调句型。该处为it 强调句，强调了主语IQ。故填that。
2．Yes，f curse they celebrate Christmas here，and there are bviusly displays in shps and Christmas markets，but seem t be n signs f Christmas adverts.
there【解析】考查there be句型。be动词可用lie，exist，remain等替代。
3．Althugh it was ten years ag I read the bk，it shwed me a universal truth that bks were friends，always pushing us t mve n.
that【解析】分析句子结构可知，本句为强调句型，强调时间状语“ten years ag”，所以填that。
4．Present at the party last night (be) Mr Green and many ther guests.
were【解析】考查倒装。分析句子结构可知，此处为表语提前的倒装结构，主语为“Mr Green and many ther guests”，由时间状语“last night”可知，此处应用were。
5．—What did she want t knw，Tm?
—She wndered when it was we culd cmplete the experiment.
that【解析】考查强调句型。分析句子结构可知，答句中wndered后的宾语从句为强调句型的特殊疑问句式的陈述语序，强调特殊疑问词when，故此处应填that。
6．Sme f yu may have finished the text. s，yu can g n t the next.
If【解析】考查省略。此处为if条件句的省略，if s如果这样的话。
高考真题练
单句语法填空
1．It was when I gt back t my apartment I first came acrss my new neighbrs.
that【解析】此处为强调句型：it’，被强调的是句中的时间状语从句。
2． (be) it nt fr the supprt f the teachers，the student culd nt vercme her difficulty.
Were【解析】该句是省略if的虚拟条件句，省略if后需要将were提前构成倒装。
3．But like s many ther things，it is nly t much stress des yu harm.
that【解析】将it is与空处去掉后，“t much stress des yu harm”句子成分完整，句意明确，故本句是强调句。因强调的内容是主语，故空格处应填that。
4．Only when Lily walked int the ffice she realize that she had left the cntract at hme.
did 【解析】考查倒装及时态。句意为：直到莉莉走进办公室时，她才意识到她把合同忘在家里了。“nly＋状语从句”位于句首表示强调时，主句要用部分倒装。根据时间状语“when Lily walked int the ffice”可知，要用一般过去时。故填did。
5．Int the cmplete silence f the waiting class (cme) the teacher’s sweet vice，“Gd mrning，children.
came【解析】考查倒装句。本句为表示方位的介词短语位于句首引起的完全倒装结构。因此答案为came。
语篇提能练
语法填空
Chengdu is largely cnsidered as a city f leisure.It was the slw-paced lifestyle 1.
put the city n the list f the 21 must-g travel spts f 2017 in the travel magazine Natinal Gegraphic.
One f the greatest pleasures in Chengdu is 2. (it) fd，which is famus 3.
the use f Sichuan peppercrn.Nthing is mre imprtant t Chengdu peple than fd.They enjy 4. (search) ut small restaurants in ut-f-the-way 5. (place) that may just specialize in a cuple f dishes.Chengdu has the 6. (high) density f restaurants in the wrld.N wnder it 7. (becme) the fast Asian city named as a City f Gastrnmy (美食) by UNESCO in 2010.
Anther imprtant part f lcal daily life is the city’s teahuses.The teahuses,8.
(find) all ver Chengdu，are much mre than just a place t drink tea.They are places t d business，meet with friends，shw ff pet birds，listen t Sichuan Opera，and mst 9.
(imprtant)，play mahjng.As a lcal saying ges，“If yu cannt find smene，he r she is either playing mahjng 10. n the way t play mahjng.”
1．that 【解析】考查强调句型。所填词与句首的It was构成“It ”的强调句，强调的是主语the slw-paced lifestyle，故填that。
2．its【解析】考查代词。所填词修饰名词fd，作定语，故用形容词性物主代词its。
3．fr【解析】考查介词。be famus fr...以……闻名，是固定搭配。
4．searching【解析】考查非谓语动词。enjy后跟动名词作宾语，enjy ding sth.喜欢做某事。
5．places【解析】考查名词复数。place“地方”，是可数名词，此处表示泛指，故用复数形式。
6．highest【解析】考查形容词最高级。由空前的the及比较范围可知，此处应用形容词最高级。
7．became【解析】考查动词的时态。根据时间状语in 2010可知，应用一般过去时。
8．fund【解析】考查非谓语动词。the tea huses与find之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。
9．imprtantly【解析】考查词性转换。mst imprtantly最重要的是，是固定短语。
10．r【解析】考查并列句。或者……或者……，是固定用法。
Ⅱ.语法填空
The chengsam is a female dress with distinctive Chinese features and enjys grwing __1__ (ppular) in the internatinal wrld f high fashin. The name “chengsam” __2__ (mean) simply “lng dress” entered the English vcabulary frm the dialect f China's Guangdng Prvince. In ther parts f the cuntry including Beijing, hwever, it __3__ (knw) as “qipa”， which has a histry behind it.
After the early Manchu (满族的) rulers came t China, the Manchu wmen wre __4__ (nrmal) a ne­piece dress which came t be called “qipa”. __5__ the 1911 Revlutin ended the rule f the Qing Dynasty, the female dress survived the plitical change and, with later imprvements, has becme the traditinal dress fr Chinese wmen.
The chengsam, __6__ neck is high, cllar clsed, fits well the Chinese female figure, and its sleeves may be either shrt, medium r full __7__ (lng), depending n seasns r tastes. In additin, it is nt t cmplicated __8__ (make). Nr __9__ it need t much material. Anther beauty f the chengsam is that it can be wrn either __10__ casual r frmal ccasins. In either case, it creates an impressin f simple and quiet charm, elegance and neatness.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要对中国的特色服装——旗袍做了简要说明。
1．ppularity 【解析】考查名词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用名词作enjys的宾语，故填ppularity，且ppularity为不可数名词。
2．meaning 【解析】考查非谓语动词。空处和句子谓语entered之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词。因为空处和句子主语The name之间构成逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。
3．is knwn 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。此处是对客观情况的一般性描述，应用一般现在时；it与knw之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。
4．nrmally 【解析】考查副词。修饰动词应用副词，故用副词nrmally修饰动词wre，在句子中作状语。
5．Althugh/Thugh/While 【解析】考查连词。根据语境可知，上下句之间表示逻辑上的让步关系，故用连词Althugh/Thugh/While引导让步状语从句。
6．whse 【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作定语，应用whse。
7．length 【解析】考查名词。由空前的形容词full可知，空处应用名词length。
8．t make 【解析】考查固定用法。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定用法：t d sth.意为“太……而不能做某事”。
9．des 【解析】考查倒装句。否定副词放句首，句子要部分倒装，即助动词放在主语之前；由本段的时态可知，应用一般现在时，故填des。
10．n 【解析】考查介词。n 意为“在……场合下”，为固定搭配，故用介词n。
语法填空常考点
短文改错常考点
写作常用句式
1.强调句型中的that/wh；
2.there be句型中的be的形式；
3.部分倒装与全部倒装中谓语的形式；
4.祈使句中的谓语动词形式。
1.强调句中that和wh的误用；
2.there be句型中be与have的误用或错用；
3.倒装句中助动词或系动词的缺失或误用；
4.感叹句中what和hw 的误用；
5.祈使句中动词原形的误用。
1.祈使句＋and/r＋陈述句
2.there is n pint/sense in ding sth.“做某事没有意义”
3.there is (n) difficulty in ding sth.“做某事(没)有困难”
4.there is (n) pssibility f (ding) sth./that ...“(做)某事(没)有可能性”
5.there is n dubt that ...“毫无疑问……”
6.there is n need t d ...“没必要做……”
7.there is n denying that ...“不可否认……”
8.It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/wh ...
①在while，when，where，as if，if，thugh，n matter what，until等引导的状语从句中，若谓语部分含be动词，而从句主语又与主句主语一致或从句主语是it时，状语从句中的主语和谓语中的be动词可以一起省略。
②if ever如果曾发生过的话；if busy 如果忙的话；if any如果有的话；if pssible如果可能的话；if s如果这样的话；if nt如果不的话；if necessary如果必要的话。
③在同一句话或同一情景对话中，当同一动作再次出现在后面的不定式位置上时，通常省略该动作而保留不定式符号t。
④英语中还常常用s/nt等来代替省略的肯定内容或否定内容，s/nt多跟在I’m afraid，I hpe，I think，I guess，I believe等开头的答句中。
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个休闲城市——成都，其生活节奏比较慢，有许多地方特色美食以及遍布全城的各式茶馆。