语法填空 解密03--时态、语态、语气（讲义）-（原卷版+解析版）

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解密03 时态、语态、语气的复习要点
【构建知识体系】
【英语学科素养解读】
【解密新高考真题】——预测高考命题方向
时态、语态、语气高考解密
2025年命题解读和近三年考点分布
1.（2022新高考I卷）The plan will extend prtectin t a significant number f areas that __________ (be)previusly unprtected,
2.（2022新高考I卷）After a three-year pilt perid, the GPNP will be fficially set up next year. The GPNP __________ (design)t reflect the guiding principle f “prtecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)f natural ecsystems, preserving bilgical diversity, prtecting eclgical buffer znes, and leaving behind precius natural assets(资产)fr future generatins”.
3.（2022新高考II卷）Henry ______ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He lked up and saw Eric hanging frm the balcny. He quickly _____ (thrw) his tls aside, and started running, arms ut.
4.（2022全国甲卷）In the last five years, Ca ___________ (walk) thrugh 34 cuntries in six cntinents
5.（2022全国乙卷）The chairman f the China Culture Prmtin Sciety ___________ (address) the pening ceremny.
6.【2021·英语全国甲卷】The Xi'an City Wall is the mst cmplete city wall that has survived China's lng histry. It _______ (build) riginally t prtect the city in the Tang dynasty and has nw been cmpletely restred (修复).
7.【2021·英语全国甲卷】We ______ (hire) ur bikes frm the rental place at the Suth Gate.
8.【2021·全国新高考I卷】What cmes next is the endless series f steps. Yu can’t help wndering hw hard it ______(be) fr the peple then t put all thse rcks int place.
9.【2021·浙江卷6月】Mary's niece wrte, "The little hme ______ （paint）white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary lved it.
10.【2021·浙江卷6月】Three f the fur Lincln sns were brn here. After Lincln was elected President f the US in 1861, they rented the huse and ______ （sell）mst f their furniture.
11.【2021年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】I kept ging. Whenever I heard f businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One f the biggest cmpanies I wrte t ______ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris.
12.（2020·新课标 = 1 \* ROMAN I卷）＂This really excites scientists,＂ Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brwn University, says, ＂because it _______ (mean) we have the chance t btain infrmatin abut hw the mn _____ (cnstruct) .＂
13.（2020·新课标I = 1 \* ROMAN I卷）Chinese New Year is a celebratin marking the end f the winter seasn and the beginning f spring. This is why decrating with plants, fruits and flwers _____ (carry) special significance.
14.（2020·山东卷）The parts f a museum pen t the public ______ (call) galleries r rms.
15.（2020·新课标 = 1 \* ROMAN I卷）The unmanned Chang’e-4 prbe (探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese mn gddess ______ (tuch) dwn last week in the Suth Ple-Aitken basin.
16．（2020·新课标 = 3 \* ROMAN III卷）The artist was sure he wuld______(chse), but when he presented his masterpiece t the emperr’s chief minister, the ld man laughed.
17．（2020·新课标 = 3 \* ROMAN III卷） When/As he asked the villagers n the banks f the river where he culd find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and ______ (pint) dwn the river.
18.（2020·山东卷）The 80,000 bjects cllected by Sir Hans Slane, fr example, _______ (frm) the cre cllectin f the British Museum which/that pened in 1759.
19．（2020·新课标 = 3 \* ROMAN III卷）The artist was sure he wuld______(chse), but when he presented his masterpiece t the emperr’s chief minister, the ld man laughed.
20.（2020·海南卷）Readers ______（encurage）t cntinue explring the digital wrld with the guidance f ur Further Resurces sectin featured in each vlume.
【高考预测】
纵观近几年全国高考试题，预测2025年全国新高考试题还会
①文体以说明文、记叙文为主。
②上下文语境提示3-4个，单词基本形式提示6-7个。
③侧重对词汇变形的考查。
【解密考场】——课堂讲解突破关键能力
时态、语态、语气
【做题实践中找规律】
1.【2025·山东省济宁市期中】Great Pwer, Heavy Industry tells f hw China’s manufacturing industries _____ (grw) strnger in recent decades, and freign readers can learn abut the Chinese system and culture behind the cuntry’s swift ecnmic develpment, getting t knw China better in the prcess.
2.【2025·广东省百校联盟综合能力测试】Once inside, visitrs ______ (give)the pprtunity t hear a perfrmance f jing music, a style handed dwn ver 27 generatins f musicians.
3.【2025·辽宁省葫芦岛市四校联考】Prcelain, als called fine china,featuring its delicate texture, pleasing clr, and refined sculpture, has been ne f the best artwrks intrduced t the Western wrld thrugh the Silk Rad. The earliest ne_______ (find) made f Kalin (高岭土) in the Shang Dynasty (17th-11th century BC), and pssessed the cmmn aspects f the smthness and unaffected quality f hard enamel (瓷釉), while pttery wares (陶器) were mre widely used amng mst f the rdinary peple.
4.【2025·湘豫名校联考（二）】The Yangtze Sturgen, which culd grw up t 8 meters (yards), was highly sensitive t increased nise n the river. Its meat _______ (cnsider) a delicacy in China and it was als fished as a surce f caviar (鱼子酱).
5.【2025·湖南省益阳市调研】Over the curse f the study, the scientists______(find) vegans had mre chances f ttal fractures. And it resulted in clse t 20 mre cases per 1,000 peple ver a 10-year perid cmpared t peple wh ate meat.
规律方法：如何判断空格处应填时态、语态、语气？
(1) 寻找关键信息词。题干中的某些关键信息对于解答时态、语态、语气类的题目尤为重要。
(2) 利用上下文语境。利用上下文语境是解决时态、语态、语气类题目常用的最有效的方法，
(3) 判断是否是客观真理。如果句子所表达的是客观真理、寓言故事、谚语、格言等，通常用一般现在时。
(4) 常用的现在时态的关键词有：since...; ver the past ...; fr+一段时间；already；yet；till nw； up t nw；nw等。
(5) 判断是否是过去时态常见的依据：（常考的过去时态：一般过去时；过去完成时；过去进行时其他考的较少）
①有过去的具体时间状语，一般用过去时态；
②过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，是一个相对的时态，必须有一般过去时作基础。或是有相关的语境；
③过去进行时强调过去的某一点时间，正在作的动作。
(6) 判断是否是将来时态的依据：（将来时考的较少）
①有比较明显的将来的时间状语，例如：tmrrw；the cming year； in the future
②根据上下文判断将来时态；
【变式精讲】
【例1】【2025·广东省百校联盟综合测试】Within many f the temple’s structures________ (be)ancient sculptures and artwrk. There are als museum exhibitins with a series f phts hat let yu see hw the temple was befre its restratin.
【例2】【2025·重庆市强基联合体检测】Similar prgrams _____(chse) as a slutin t the lw-prductivity in the wrkplace by several cuntries up t nw, including the United Arab
【例3】【2025·湖南省长沙市雅礼中学月考】With abut 80 wrks featuring landmarks and famus peple in Egypt and beynd, the 30-year-ld artist said he _____ (inspire) fur years ag t thrughly grasp the art frm after watching vides f a Chinese artist carving pencil lead(铅笔芯) int sculptures.
【例4】【2025·广东省广州市调研】Over the past few days, a number f frest fires ________ (break) ut in Chngqing and its surrunding areas due t the extreme dry and ht weather.
语法填空
有提示词
1.动词：时态；语态；非谓语动词形式；词形转换
2.形容词：形容词和副词相互转换；比较级；最高级；反义词；词形转换
3.名词：名词单复数变化及词形转换
4.代词：人称代词的主格和宾格；形容词性物主代词；名词性物主代词；反身代词
5.数词：基数词；序数词；加后缀-teen或-ty等
无提示词
1.连词
（1）并列连词but，and，r等
（2）从属连词what，that，when等
2.副词：hwever，therefre，s……
3.代词：it
4.冠词：an，a，the
5.介词及固定短语
6.情态动词（考查的几率较低）
新课标
要求
命题解读
2020高考评价体系的说明
《普通高中英语课程标准》明确指出：高英语语法知识包括词法知识和句法知识：词法关注词的形态变化，如名词的数、格，动词的时、态（体）等；句法关注句子结构，如句子的成分、语序、种类等。词法和句法之间的关系非常紧密。在语言使用中，语法知识是“形式——意义——使用”的统一体，与语音、词汇、语篇和语用知识紧密相连，直接影响语言理解和表达的准确性和得体性。
高中阶段英语语法知识的学习应在更加丰富的语境中通过各种英语学习和实践活动进一步巩固和恰当运用所学的语法知识，学会在语境中理解和运用新的语法知识，进一步发展英语语法意识。
语篇型语法填空则更侧重考查考生语法和词汇在语境中的运用，强调词汇的变形。同时强调语篇分析能力，凸显交际性和语境化特征。
《中国高考评价体系2020》
考查必备知识：词法和句法知识；
关键能力：
在具体语境中，运用语法的能力，阅读理解能力。
考点
题型
时态
语法填空
年份
现在时态
过去时态
将来时态
2022
2022新高考I卷is designed2022全国甲卷has walked
2022新高考I卷were
2022新高考II卷was fixing；threw2022全国乙卷addressed
无
2021
2021·英语全国甲卷was built；hired；2021·全国新高考I卷was；2021年新高考全国Ⅱ卷was
（2020·新课标 = 3 \* ROMAN III卷）wuld be chsen
2020
2020·新课标 = 1 \* ROMAN I卷means；is cnstructed；2020·海南卷are encuraged；2020·山东卷are called
2020·新课标 = 1 \* ROMAN I卷tuched；2020·新课标 = 3 \* ROMAN III卷wuld be chsen；2020·新课标 = 3 \* ROMAN III卷pinted；2020·山东卷frmed
无