辽宁省大连市庄河市2022_2023学年高一英语上学期12月月考试卷

这是一份辽宁省大连市庄河市2022_2023学年高一英语上学期12月月考试卷，共23页。试卷主要包含了5 分，满分 37， ___20___， 提醒冬季运动的安全等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
There are sme typical f trains yu’ll find yurself traveling n in France. SNCF (法国国家铁路公司) perates a mix f high-speed services n majr rutes and slwer reginal services between smaller statins arund France. Find ut mre abut each train type belw.
1．What d TGV trains and Inter-cites trains have in cmmn?
A．Bth can travel at 320 km/h.B．Bth are duble-decker trains.
C．Bth usually require a reservatin.D．Bth cnnect big cities in Eurpe.
2．What is special abut TER service?
A．It features night services.B．It travels as fast as TGV trains.
C．It is suitable fr lng-distance travel in France.
D．It ffers reginal services at relatively lw csts.
3．Which best suits peple wh travel t Italy and want t save mney?
A．TGV trains.B．Inter-cites trains.
C．TER trains.D．Sleeper trains.
B
It was a warm April evening. When I did sme wrk in my garden, I suddenly felt a blw t the right side f my neck. Ttally cnfused, I reached up and, t my hrrr, realized that I had been sht with an arrw. I screamed my husband’s name. He drpped his wrk and ran t me. Ed grabbed me by the shulders t stp me frm running and tld me t lie dwn n the cuch. Then he called 911. I lay there and prayed, wndering if there was any way I culd live.
The arrw had cme frm a yung man practicing with a bw, used fr hunting, in his backyard. Luckily, he was using a practice arrw, which is smth and runded: a bradhead arrw wuld have led t a different ending.
As the dctrs entered the huse and sat dwn beside me, they were perfectly calm and ttally fcused. I was rushed t the hspital and shrtly tk a CT scan t determine the lcatin f the arrw inside. The dctrs began telling me hw lucky I was. The arrw had gne past the cartid artery (颈动脉).
The mrning after my tw-hur surgery, the surgen came in. He checked the wund and talked t us abut what he had dne. Then he tld us smething that rcked ur wrld again.
He said that the CT scan had revealed that I had a brain tumr (肿瘤). I remember ging a bit frzen but thinking, Gd wrks in mysterius ways!
The surgen said they were almst certain the tumr wasn’t fierce but it was lcated in a very difficult place. I was terrified, f curse, but I felt like it was Gd’s plan fr me t find it.
A few days later, I went in fr a secnd pinin frm anther surgen. He said that it was a difficult surgery but that it had t be dne. The tumr was abut t crss the midline f my brain, which wuld have resulted in a massive strke (中风).
The brain surgery was successful, and in less than a week I was back hme. All was ging well fr the years t cme. Had it nt been fr that arrw, I wuld have died frm a brain tumr r a strke! I wasn’t lucky, but I was blessed indeed.
4．Hw did the wman react directly she realized she was sht by smething in the neck?
A．She cried ut fr her husband’s help.
B．She tk it easy and lay dwn n the cuch.
C．She made a prayer that she culd live.
D．She urged Ed t dial 911 withut delay.
5．What can be learned frm the passage?
A．The arrw with a narrw head was sht ut while a man was hunting.
B．The dctrs felt it lucky that the arrw had missed the wman’s cartid artery.
C．The wman’s tumr was fund when she went in fr a secnd CT scan.
D．The tumr in the wman’s head must have caused a strke if left untreated.
6．Why did the wman say she wasn’t lucky but blessed indeed?
A．Because she was sht hurt by the arrw but she culd still pull thrugh.
B．Because she was saved bth frm the arrw sht and frm the tumr.
C．Because she didn’t miss the arrw sht but missed being killed by the tumr.
D．Because she culd have pssibly been killed by the arrw r by the tumr.
7．What may be the mral behind the stry?
A．It’s in Gd’s hands.B．A fall int a pit, a gain in yur wit.
C．A blessing remains in hiding.D．All gd things cme t an end.
C
If yu ask peple t name the ne persn wh had the greatest effect n the English language, yu will get answers like “Shakespeare,” “Samuel Jhnsn,” and “Webster,” but nne f these men had any effect at all cmpared t a man wh didn’t even speak English-William the Cnquerr.
Befre 1066, in the land we nw call Great Britain lived peples belnging t tw majr language grups. In the west central regin lived the Welsh, wh spke a Celtic language, and in the nrth lived the Scts, whse language, thugh nt the same as Welsh, was als Celtic. In the rest f the cuntry lived the Saxns, actually a mixture f Angls, Saxns, and ther Germanic and Nrdic peples, wh spke what we nw call Angl-Saxn (r Old English), a Germanic language. If this state f affairs had lasted, English tday wuld be clse t German.
But this state f affairs did nt last. In l066 the Nrmans led by William defeated the Saxns and began their rule ver England. Fr abut a century, French became the fficial language f Eng-land while Old English became the language f peasants. As a result, English wrds f Plitics and the law cme frm French rather than German. In sme cases, mdern English even shws a distinctin (区别) between upper-class French and lwer-class Angl-Saxn in its wrds. We even have different wrds fr sme fds, meat in particular, depending n whether it is still ut in the fields r at hme ready t be cked, which shws the fact that the Saxn peasants were ding the farming, while the upper-class Nrmans were ding mst f the eating.
When Americans visit Eurpe fr the first time, they usually find Germany mre "freign" than France because the German they see n signs and advertisements seems much mre different frm English than French des. Few realize that the English language is actually Germanic in its beginning and that the French influences are all the result f ne man's ambitin.
8．The tw majr languages spken in what is nw called Great Britain befre l066 were
A．Welsh and ScttishB．Nrdic and Germanic
C．Celtic and Old English.D．Angl-Saxn and Germanic
9．Which f the fllwing grups f wrds are, by inference, rted in French?
A．president, Lawyer, beefB．president, bread, water
C．bread, field, sheepD．flk, field, cw
10．Why des France appear less freign than Germany t Americans n their first visit t Eurpe?
A．Mst advertisements in France appear in English.
B．They knw little f the histry f the English language.
C．Many French wrds are similar t English nes.
D．They knw French better than German.
11．What is the subject discussed in the text?
A．The histry f Great Britain.
B．The similarity between English and French.
C．The rule f England by William the Cnquerr.
D．The French influences n the English language.
D
A new study by researchers at Yale and Gerge Washingtn University is examining the human threats t the amphibian (两栖动物) family tree and calls fr a rethinking f cnservatin pririties (优先) t preserve species diversity and- evlutinary heritage.
Amphibians represent an imprtant sign f glbal change, scientists say, due t their particularly high sensitivity t disturbances in their envirnment. There are mre than 7000 amphibian species n Earth, including frgs. “Amphibians are a glbally endangered grup fr which threats frm glbal change are utpacing ur ability t safeguard species,” said Walter Jetz, lead authr f a paper published nline in the jurnal Nature Eclgy & Evlutin. Jetz is an assciate prfessr f eclgy and evlutinary bilgy at Yale. Jetz and c-crrespnding authr R. Alexander Pyrn f Gerge Washingtn cnstructed the first cmprehensive family tree fr nearly all amphibius species alive tday. The researchers used the data t examine histrical diversificatin patterns f amphibians as well as levels f islatin n the family tree, als called evlutinary distinctness.
Amphibians are the mst ancient grup f terrestrial vertebrates(陆生脊椎动物) surviving tday, with rigins reaching back mre than 300 millin years. The authrs fund that select members f this grup alive tday carry mre than 100 millin years f evlutinary histry distinct t nly them. The lng, separate path f these species may have resulted in the evlutin f key functins fr varied ecsystems. Thanks t the early rigin f the grup, such highly distinct species are fund in all parts f the wrld.
With many species still insufficiently (不够地) studied in the wild t appreciate their risk f extinctin r ptential functins fr the ecsystem, the researchers said, knwing their evlutinary distinctness and place n the family tree can prvide invaluable insights. A wrldwide fcus n all species allws us t link threats and evlutinary histry acrss regins in a way that was nt pssible previusly”, Pyrn said.
The researchers fund that neither the type nr intensity(强度) f human threats t amphibian species was assciated with their evlutinary distinctness. This means there is significant ptential fr cnservatin actin t mitigate the effect human activities have the amphibian tree f life, Jetz said. “Our evaluatin prvides key baseline infrmatin fr all amphibians surviving tday that may help identificatin f threats and priritizatin f research and cnservatin,” Jetz added. “We expect this infrmatin t be widely helpful fr the large cmmunity f scientists and cnservatinists interested in amphibians and t empwer natinal and lcal cnservatin effrts.” (The research is supprted, in part, by the Natinal Science Fundatin.)
12．What can we learn abut amphibians frm Paragraph 2?
A．They are threatening the surrundings they live in.
B．They are endangered due t their rapid evlutin.
C．They are transfrming their rles in the ecsystem.
D．The study f their family tree was neglected.
13．What rle des amphibians’ evlutinary distinctness play in the evlutin f ecsystems?
A．CriticalB．MinrC．CreativeD．Ambiguus.
14．The underlined wrd “mitigate “in the last paragraph mst prbably means .
A．recgnizeB．addC．lessenD．remve
15．What’s the authr’s purpse in writing the text?
A．T explain hw amphibians adjust t the envirnment quickly.
B．T infrm the public f the significance f prtecting amphibians.
C．T gain mre financial supprt fr the Natinal Science Fundatin.
D．T share his experience in cnstructing amphibians’ family tree.
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。
Meaningful ways t celebrate the New Year
It's been said that the New Year sets the intentin fr the entire year t cme. Here are sme meaningful ideas fr celebrating this New Year.
Write a letter t yurself. ___16___ In it, yu can list things like what yur biggest dreams are right nw, the things we are mst afraid f, the mst impressive emtins yu experience n a daily basis, the things that are flwing in yur life and things that feel stuck, hw yu feel in yur bdy and hw yu hpe yu will feel as yu read the letter in ne year.
Release a flating lantern. In many cultures, it's cnsidered gd luck t release a lantern int the sky. ___17___ With a few simple tls yu can make yur wn lantern, and can even write n the utside sme f the ld patterns yu are ready t release frm yur life.
___18___ Alne time is unbelievably imprtant fr prcessing, reflecting and cnnecting with yurself. And if yu cannt decide what celebratin feels right fr yu this New Year's Eve, yu may simply enjy yur wn cmpany. Have a sl dance party, rder favrite carry-ut, d an at-hme yga practice r meditatin（冥想） and take a candlelit bubble bath. Give yurself the gift f quality time, and find enjyment and ease in the cmpany yu keep, even in the empty mments. ___19___
List the things yu are grateful fr. There's n truer way t find delight in this very mment than t cunt yur blessings. As yu lk back n an entire year, yu're sure t discver a treasure f miracles just waiting t be illuminated（照亮）and treasured. S take sme time t cme up with yur wn gratitude list fr 2020. ___20___
A．Begin ne f yur gals.
B．Enjy yur wn cmpany.
C．Fill yurself frm the inside ut.
D．It is a symbl f yur prblems and wrries flating away.
E．There is just s much t be thankful fr, if nly we have eyes t see.
F．Just bserve the wrld arund yu, frm the smallest leaves t the limitless sky abve.
G．If yu miss the gd ld days, it can be wnderful t write a letter t yur future self.
第二部分语言运用 （共两节，满分 30分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Rebecca Glass was brn blind, wh is a musician nw. The childhd years were challenging in Rebecca’s memry, Sme teachers wuld ___21___ her and suggest an ther place, as they hadn’t taught children with ___22___. She didn’t get her sheet music translated int braille(盲文) which was ___23___ fr her pr family. Then she had t learn by studying ___24___. That peple identified her by appearance was the mst upsetting part when she was yung, but nw it ___25___ happens n Rebecca. Despite the difficulties, Rebecca held n. And nw with a dctr’s degree f musical arts, she has ____26____a prfessinal musician.
Her lve fr perfrming music ___27___ her girlhd. When Rebecca was at a wedding, she ___28___ her flwer girl duties and went straight fr a pian instead. A pht caught that mment. S tiny is the girl that she desn’t tuch the ___29___ but she’s sitting tall at the pian. “Since Rebecca first ___30___ the pian, she had wrked ver eight hurs a day. I culd see she had a real __31__ fr music,” her mther said, “In additin, I nticed her talent sn she learned musical instruments s quickly.”
Rebecca lves chamber music and sees herself as a(n) ___32___ in the future, teaching children abut classical music. Influential teachers als inspire her t ___33___ the next generatin f musicians. She’s trying t ___34___ a summer camp prgram, t. And t every child, regardless f physical ability, the camp will ____35____ .
21．A．admitB．guideC．cmfrtD．reject
22．A．experiencesB．disabilitiesC．ambitinD．ptential
23．A．wrthlessB．effrtlessC．unaffrdableD．unfamiliar
24．A．recrdingsB．videsC．bksD．ntes
25．A．frequentlyB．rarelyC．ttallyD．usually
26．A．invitedB．fllwedC．madeD．taught
27．A．lives up tB．puts up withC．dates back tD．gets back at
28．A．demandedB．drppedC．finishedD．acted
29．A．flrB．pianC．wallD．bench
30．A．carried nB．heard fC．tk inD．picked up
31．A．reasnB．respectC．fndnessD．cncern
32．A．vlunteerB．educatrC．pianistD．lecturer
33．A．mtivateB．mnitrC．meetD．manage
34．A．acceptB．jinC．develpD．select
35．A．startB．agreeC．succeedD．apply
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The game f basketball was created by Dr. Naismith, ____36____ Canadian wh wrked as a physical educatin instructr at the Springfield Cllege.
The New England winters were very cld, and the students were ____37____ (willing) t d utdr activities. Naismith determined that a fast-mving game ____38____ culd be played indrs wuld fill the empty afternns after the baseball and ftball seasns had ended. First he tried t change utdr games such as sccer t indr play, but he sn fund them unsuitable fr small ____39____ (area). In December f 1891, Naismith hung tw ld peach baskets at either end f the gym at the schl, and, using a sccer ball and nine players n each side, ____40____ (rganize) the first basketball game. The early rules allwed three pints fr each basket and banned ____41____ (run) with the ball.
Five years later, a champinship was ____42____ (success) held in New Yrk City. ____43____ that time, the team had been reduced t seven players, and five became standard in the 1897 seasn.
____44____ basketball first appeared in the 1904 Olympic Games, it quickly spread thrughut the wrld. In 1906, a metal ring was used ____45____ (replace) the basket fr the first time, but the name basketball has remained.
写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节（满分 15 分）
为了提高学生的身体素质，你校准备于1月25日组织一次“冬季越野赛”(a winter crss-cuntry race)。请你写一封英语倡议书，号召全体同学积极参加活动。要点如下：
1. 活动的目的；
2. 体育运动的好处；
3. 提醒冬季运动的安全。
注意：1. 词数100左右(开头、结尾已经给出，不计入总词数)。
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear schlmates,
May I have yur attentin, please?
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Students’ Unin
January 15, 2021
第二节（满分25 分）读后续写
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was my twelfth birthday, and what I really wanted was a new bicycle. But I knew my family culdn’t affrd ne.
A new bike was just a dream, s I wanted a nightstand (床头柜). I figured that at least I wuld have a safe place t keep my private things. S I asked my parents fr a nightstand with lckable drawers (抽屉).
We went t the secndhand furniture stre and fund an ld, dark brwn nightstand. It didn’t lk t cl, but at least it had drawers that I culd keep lcked. I decided that I wuld paint it t make it lk better.
After we tk it hme, I was getting ready t paint it. When I pulled the drawers ut, I felt smething stuck (卡住) at the back f the bttm drawer. I reached in all the way t the back and was surprised t find a bag.
When pening the bag, I realized that there were sme papers in it which were sme kind f fficial-lking dcuments (文件). And beneath were a bunch f dllar bills! Talk abut finding a treasure! And n my birthday!
I went ahead and read the papers, which turned ut t be a will (遗嘱). Sme ld lady was leaving her savings t her sn and grandchildren. The ld lady must have died and nbdy knew the mney. Her family dnated the nightstand t the secndhand furniture stre and it was nw in my hands.
I cunted the mney, ver 1,000 dllars in ttal. I was ging crazy. With this mney I culd buy the clest bicycle. I culd even buy bicycles fr my yunger brthers. Maybe I culd als get my parents a car.
What a dilemma! I culd keep it and get all kinds f things fr myself and my family. Or I culd give it all back. “Smebdy helps me with this!” I begged. But I really didn’t need anyne else t give me the answer. I already knew right frm wrng. I decided nt t fail this test. It was a test f hnr - my hnr.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I called my family int my bedrm and shwed them what I had fund.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Several days later, the ld lady’s sn and his wife came t my huse.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．C 2．D 3．D
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了法国国家铁路公司旗下的一些列车类型的相关信息。
1．细节理解题。根据文章“TGV”部分中的“These mdern trains run n arund 50 high-speed rutes and always require a reservatin in advance. (这些现代化的列车在大约50条高速线路上运行，总是需要提前预订。)”以及“Inter-cites”部分中的“Reservatins are usually required n mst Inter-cites services. (大多数城际列车服务通常需要预订)”可推知，TGV高铁和城际列车的共同点是两者通常都需要预订。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据文章“TER”部分中的“Lw-cst (低成本)”以及“TER stands fr Transprt Express Reginal and there are 20 different reginal TER services perating acrss France. (TER是区域运输快件的缩写，在法国有20种不同的区域运输快件服务。)”可知，TER服务的特别之处在于它以相对较低的成本提供区域服务。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据“Sleeper trains”部分中的“Operated by Thell, the ppular night train rute in France starts in Paris and wrks its way dwn int Italy. If yu want t save mney n accmmdatin during yur trip, taking a sleeper train lets yu wake up feeling refreshed at yur next destinatin. (由泰洛运营，这条在法国颇受欢迎的夜间列车线路从巴黎出发，进入意大利。如果你想在旅途中节省住宿，那就坐一辆sleeper train，让你在下一个目的地醒来时感觉精神焕发。)”可推知，Sleeper trains适合想去意大利，又想要省钱的人。故选D。
4．A 5．B 6．C 7．C
本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲了作者被一支箭偶然射伤，进医院后意外发现脑部有一个肿瘤，但并不严重，脑部手术很成功最终因祸得福的故事。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段中“I screamed my husband’s name. He drpped his wrk and ran t me.( 我尖叫着丈夫的名字。他放下手中的工作，向我跑过来。)”可知当这位女士发现自己被箭射中时，就立刻大声向自己的丈夫求助。故选A。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段“The dctrs began telling me hw lucky I was. The arrw had gne past the cartid artery (颈动脉). (医生开始告诉我我是多么幸运。箭经过了颈动脉)”可知，医生觉得很幸运是因为箭从颈动脉旁边经过并没有刺穿颈动脉。故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Had it nt been fr that arrw, I wuld have died frm a brain tumr r a strke!( 如果没有那支箭，我可能会死于脑瘤或中风!)”可知虽然作者被箭射中是不幸的，但因此发现脑肿瘤，避免死于脑瘤或中风的危险。所以作者觉得自己是不幸中的万幸。故选C。
7．推理判断题。通读全文，可知本文主要讲了作者被一支箭偶然射伤，进医院后意外发现脑部有一个肿瘤，但并不严重，脑部手术很成功最终因祸得福的故事。由此推知，选项C. A blessing remains in hiding.( 祝福在隐藏当中)与本文所传达的“因祸得福”的意思最为接近。故选C。
8．C 9．A 10．C 11．D
本文是一篇议论文。如果让你列举那些对应于做出最大贡献的人，你一定会得到类似莎士比亚，塞缪尔约翰逊这样的答案，但实际上，没有任何人的对英语的影响力能够超过征服者威廉。在1066年以前，我们现在称为英国的土地上存在两种主要语言，一种是凯尔特语，另一种是古英语。而后来由于威廉的雄心，使得古英语成为英国的主要语言，而法语也成为对英语影响颇深的语言。
8．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“In the west-central regin lived the Welsh, wh spke a Celtic language, and in the nrth lived the Scts, whse language, thugh nt the same as Welsh, was als Celtic.”在中西地区住着威尔士人，他们说凯尔特语，在南部居住着苏格兰人，他们的语言不同于威尔士人的语言，但也是凯尔特语。由此可知一大主要语言为凯尔特语。根据第二段第三句“In the rest f the cuntry lived the Saxns, actually a mixture f Angls, Saxns, and ther Germanic and Nrdic peples, wh spke what we nw call Angl-Saxn (r Old English), a Germanic language. ”在国家的其余地方居住着撒克逊人，他们是英国人、撒克逊人、德国人、日耳曼人的混合，他们讲的语言是英格兰语（即古英语）。可知另一大分支为古英语。故选C。
9．推理判断题。根据第三段中“As a result, English wrds f plitics and the law cme frm French rather than German.”结果导致，英语中关于政治和法律的词来源于法语而不是德语。“We even have different wrds fr sme fds, meat in particular, depending n whether it is still ut in the fields r at hme ready t be cked, which shws the fact that the Saxn peasants were ding the farming, while the upper-class Nrmans were ding mst f the eating.”我们甚至在食物尤其是肉食上有不同的词，这取决于它是长在田野里，还是在家煮着吃，事实证明，撒克逊农民在耕作而上层社会的诺曼人在大部分食物上贡献更多。由此可见，有关政治、法律以及家中煮着的食物最可能来源于法国，故选A。
10．细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“When Americans visit Eurpe fr the first time, they usually find Germany mre "freign" than France because the German they see n signs and advertisements seems much mre different frm English than French des”当美国人到欧洲旅游时，他们经常发现德语比法语更像外国语，以为在德国，他们看见的标签和广告语看起来比法语更与英语不同。所以可知，许多法语词汇和英语很像。故选C。
11．主旨大意题。文章开篇即抛出问题：谁对英语的影响最大，接着给出答案：征服者威廉。可见文章即将讨论的问题就是他对英语的影响。接下来，作者介绍了1066年以前的英国语言由两大派系组成，而之后由于威廉的雄心，才使得古英语成为英国的主要语言，而法语也成为对英语影响颇深的语言。故选D。
12．D 13．A 14．C 15．B
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了耶鲁大学和乔治华盛顿大学的研究人员进行了一项新的研究，研究人类对两栖动物家族树的威胁，并呼吁重新考虑保护优先次序，以保护物种多样性和进化遗产。文章介绍了两栖动物的重要性，以及人类活动对两栖动物产生的影响，呼吁人们保护两栖动物。
12．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Jetz and c-crrespnding authr R. Alexander Pyrn f Gerge Washingtn cnstructed the first cmprehensive family tree fr nearly all amphibius species alive tday.”可知Jetz和乔治·华盛顿的共同通讯作者R. Alexander Pyrn为几乎所有现存的两栖物种构建了第一个完整的族谱。由此可推知，对两栖动物族谱的研究过去被忽视了。故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据第四段中“With many species still insufficiently (不够地) studied in the wild t appreciate their risk f extinctin r ptential functins fr the ecsystem, the researchers said, knwing their evlutinary distinctness and place n the family tree can prvide invaluable insights.”可知研究人员说，由于许多物种在野外仍未得到充分研究，无法了解它们的灭绝风险或对生态系统的潜在功能，了解它们在进化上的特殊性和在系谱上的位置可以提供宝贵的见解。由此可知，两栖动物进化的特殊性在生态系统的进化中扮演关键角色。故选A。
14．词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“the effect human activities have the amphibian tree f life”以及“We expect this infrmatin t be widely helpful fr the large cmmunity f scientists and cnservatinists interested in amphibians and t empwer natinal and lcal cnservatin effrts.( 我们希望这些信息能对广大对两栖动物感兴趣的科学家和自然资源保护论者起到广泛的帮助作用，并为国家和地方的保护工作提供帮助)”可知划线词所在句意思为：这意味着，采取保护行动以减轻人类活动对两栖动物生命树的影响，是很有可能的。即划线词意思为“减少”。A. recgnize识别；B. add添加；C. lessen减少；D. remve去除。故选C。
15．推理判断题。根据第一段“A new study by researchers at Yale and Gerge Washingtn University is examining the human threats t the amphibian (两栖动物) family tree and calls fr a rethinking f cnservatin pririties (优先) t preserve species diversity and- evlutinary heritage.”可知耶鲁大学和乔治华盛顿大学的研究人员进行了一项新的研究，研究人类对两栖动物家族树的威胁，并呼吁重新考虑保护优先次序，以保护物种多样性和进化遗产。结合文章还介绍了两栖动物的重要性，以及人类活动对两栖动物产生的影响，呼吁人们保护两栖动物。由此可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是告诉人们保护两栖动物的重要性。故选B。
16．G 17．D 18．B 19．C 20．E
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些庆祝新年的有意义的方式。
16．根据本段主题句“Write a letter t yurself.(给自己写封信。)”和本段内容可知，本段主要介绍给未来的自己写信。所以选择项G“If yu miss the gd ld days, it can be wnderful t write a letter t yur future self.(如果你怀念过去的美好时光，给未来的自己写封信是一件很棒的事情。)”符合上下文语境。选择项中的“write a letter t yur future self”与主题句“Write a letter t yurself.”相一致。故选G。
17．根据本段主题句“Release a flating lantern.(放一个浮灯。)”和前句“In many cultures, it's cnsidered gd luck t release a lantern int the sky.(在许多文化中，向天空放飞灯笼被认为是好运。)”可知，放飞灯笼象征着有好运。所以选择项D“It is a symbl f yur prblems and wrries flating away.(它象征着你的问题和烦恼都烟消云散了。)”符合上下文语境。选择项中的it代指主题句中的“a flating lantern”。故选D。
18．考查本段主题句。根据后句“Alne time is unbelievably imprtant fr prcessing, reflecting and cnnecting with yurself. (独处的时间对于处理、反思和与自己联系是极其重要的。)”及本段内容可知，本段主要介绍如何享受独自一人的时光。所以选择项B“Enjy yur wn cmpany.(享受独处的时光。)”符合上下文语境。故选B。
19．根据前文“Have a sl dance party, rder favrite carry-ut, d an at-hme yga practice r meditatin（冥想） and take a candlelit bubble bath. Give yurself the gift f quality time, and find enjyment and ease in the cmpany yu keep, even in the empty mments. (开个单人舞会，点一份自己喜欢的外卖，在家做瑜伽或冥想，或者来个烛光泡泡浴。给自己一份优质时光的礼物，在你的陪伴中找到快乐和安逸，即使是在空虚的时刻。)”可知，这里介绍独自一人的时候如何由内而外的填充自己。所以选择项C“Fill yurself frm the inside ut.(由内而外填满你自己。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。
20．根据本段主题句“List the things yu are grateful fr.(列出你感激的事情。)”和前文句“As yu lk back n an entire year, yu're sure t discver a treasure f miracles just waiting t be illuminated（照亮）and treasured. S take sme time t cme up with yur wn gratitude list fr 2020. (当你回顾这一整年，你一定会发现一个奇迹的宝藏，正等着被照亮和珍惜。所以，花点时间来制定你自己的2020年感恩清单吧。)”可知，能够列出感激的事情有很多。所以选择项E“There is just s much t be thankful fr, if nly we have eyes t see.(只要我们有眼睛能看见，就会有太多值得感谢的事。)”符合上下文语境。选择项中的“be thankful fr”与主题句中的“ are grateful fr”相一致。故选E。
21．D 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．B 26．C 27．C 28．B 29．A 30．D 31．C 32．B 33．A 34．C 35．D
本文是一篇记叙文。丽贝卡·格拉斯虽然生来就是个盲人，但是现在是个音乐家。文章叙述了丽贝卡的童年岁月，以及她在音乐方面的天赋。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些老师会拒绝她，建议她换个地方学习。A. admit承认；B. guide指导；C. cmfrt安慰；D. reject拒绝。根据下文“as they hadn’t taught children with 2 ”因为一些老师不愿意教残疾的孩子，所以他们会拒绝她。故选D。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为他们没有教过残疾儿童。A. experiences经验，经历；B. disabilities残疾；C. ambtin雄心，志向；D. ptential潜力。根据上文“Rebecca Glass was brn blind”可知，Rebecca Glass是残疾的孩子。故选B。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她没有把她的乐谱翻译成盲文，这对她贫穷的家庭来说是负担不起的。A. wrthless无价值的；B. effrtless不费力的；C. unaffrdable负担不起的；D. unfamiliar不熟悉的。根据后文中的“her pr family”可知，她的家很穷，所以负担不起。故选C。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时她必须通过录音来学习。A. recrdings录音；B. vides录像；C. bks书；D. ntes笔记本。根据前文“She didn’t get her sheet music translated int braille”可知，对于一个盲人来说，没有盲文，只能通过录音来学习。故选A。
25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但现在它在丽贝卡身上很少发生了。A. frequently频繁地；B. rarely罕见地；C. ttlly完全地；D. usually通常。根据“That peple identified her by appearance was the mst upsetting part when she was yung, but nw”可知，这里应该是转折，说明人们凭外表识别出她有残疾这种情况很少发生了。故选B。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在她获得了音乐艺术博士学位，成为了一名专业的音乐家。A. invited邀请；B. fllwed跟随；C. made使……成为；D. taught教。根据“Rebeca Glass was brm blind, wh is a musician nw.”可知，她现在已经成为一名音乐家了。故选C。
27．考查动词短语辨析。句意；她对音乐表演的热爱可以追溯到她少女时代。A. lives up t不辜负；B. puts up with忍受；C. dates back t追溯到；D. gets back at报复。根据下文“S tiny is the girl that her feet dn’t tuch the 9 , but she’s sitting tall at the pian.”可知，她当时很小，应该是少女时代。故选C。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：丽贝卡参加婚礼时，她放弃了花童的职责，直接向一架钢琴走去。A. demanded要求，需求； B. drpped落下，放弃；C. finished完成；D. acted行为，行动。根据下文“went straight fr a pian instead.”可知，她放弃了花童的职责。故选B。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个女孩太小了，她的脚都没碰到地板。A. flr地板；B. pian钢琴；C. wall墙；D. bench长凳。根据“S tiny is the girl”可知，她是太小了，以致坐在凳子上，脚都碰不到地板。故选A。
30．考查动词短语辨析。句意：自从丽贝卡第一次学钢琴以来，她每天学习和练习钢琴超过八个小时。A. carried n继续进行；B. heard f听说；C. tk in吸收，领会；D. picked up学会，掌握。根据下文“she had wrked ver eight hurs a day.”可知，此时她是在学习钢琴。故选D。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我看得出她对音乐师真正喜欢，”她母亲说。A. reasn原因；B. respect尊敬；C. fndness喜爱；D. cncem关心。根据上文“Since Rebecca first 10 the pian, she had wrked ver eight hurs a day.”可知，她一天学习和练习8个多小时，说明她真正喜欢音乐。故选C。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：丽贝卡热爱室内乐，并视自己为未来的教育者，教孩子们古典音乐。A. vlunteer志愿者；B. educatr教育工作者；C. pianist钢琴家；D. lecturer讲演者。根据下文“teaching children abut classical music.”可知，她应该是把自己看作教育工作者。故选B。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有影响力的老师也鼓舞她去激励下一代的音乐家。A. mtivate激励，鼓舞；B. mnitr监控；C. meet遇见；D. manage能解决(问题)，应付。根据“Rebeca lves chamber music and sees herself as a (an) 12 in the futre, teaching children abut classical music.”可知，她可以去激励下一代的音乐家。故选A。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她也在努力开发一个夏令营计划。A. accept接受；B. jin加入；C. develp发展，开发；D. select选择。根据“a summer camp prgram”可知，计划只能是发展和开发的。故选C。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对每一个孩子来说，不管他们的身体条件如何，夏令营都是适用的。A. start开始；B. agree同意；C. succeed成功；D. apply申请，适用。根据上文“And t every child, regardlss f physical ability”可知，无论孩子的身体条件如何，夏令营都适用。故选D。
36．a 37．unwilling 38．which##that 39．areas 40．rganized 41．running 42．successfully 43．By 44．When##After 45．t replace
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是加拿大人奈史密斯博士发明篮球运动的故事。
36．考查冠词。句意：篮球运动是由加拿大人奈史密斯博士发明的，他曾在斯普林菲尔德学院担任体育教练。Canadian是加拿大人，是可数名词，且表示泛指，因此前面需加不定冠词，Canadian是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。
37．考查形容词。句意：新英格兰的冬天非常寒冷，学生们不愿意做户外活动。由“The New England winters were very cld”可知，新英格兰的冬天非常寒冷，学生们不愿意做户外活动，因此空格处是“不愿意的”，即unwilling，故填unwilling。
38．考查定语从句的引导词。句意：奈史密斯认为，棒球和足球赛季结束后，一场可以在室内进行的快节奏比赛可以填补下午的空余时间。分析可知，空格处引导定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词game是物，因此空格处用关系代词which/that。故填which/that。
39．考查名词的复数。句意：起初，他试图将足球等户外运动改为室内运动，但很快发现这些运动不适合小范围运动。area意为“区域”，是可数名词，前面无冠词，因此空格处用复数，故填areas。
40．考查一般过去时。句意：1891年12月，奈史密斯在学校体育馆的两端挂了两个旧的桃子篮，用一个足球，两边各有9名队员，组织了第一场篮球比赛。分析可知，空格处和hung时态并列，hung是过去式，因此空格处用过去式rganized，故填rganized。
41．考查动名词和固定短语。句意：早期的规则是每个篮筐得三分，禁止带球跑动。ban ding sth.是固定短语，意为“禁止做某事”，因此空格处用动名词作宾语，故填running。
42．考查副词。句意：五年后，在纽约成功地举办了一次锦标赛。空格处用副词修饰动词held，success的副词是successfully，意为“成功地”，故填successfully。
43．考查介词。句意：到那时前，球队已经缩减到7名球员，在1897年赛季，5名球员成为标准。had been reduced是过去完成时的被动语态，因此句子表示“到那时，球队已经缩减到7名球员”，“到某时前”用“介词by+某个具体时间 ”，因此空格处是介词by，位于句首，首字母大写，故填By。
44．考查连词。句意：当篮球首次出现在1904年奥运会上后，它迅速传遍了全世界。根据语境可知，句子表示“当篮球首次出现在1904年奥运会上后，它迅速传遍了全世界”，因此空格处可以是“当的时候”或“在之后 ”，即when/after，位于句首，首字母大写，故填When/After。
45．考查不定式和固定短语。句意：1906年，一个金属环第一次被用来代替篮筐，但篮球这个名字一直保留下来。由“a metal ring was used”和(replace) the basket可知，句子表示“一个金属环第一次被用来代替篮筐”，句中用固定短语sth. be used t d sth.，意为“某物被用来做某事”，因此空格处用不定式表目的，故填t replace。
46．Dear schlmates,
May I have yur attentin, please? I have gd news t tell yu. In rder t imprve students’ physical cnditin, a winter crss-cuntry race will be rganized in ur schl n January 25. Everyne is welcme t take part and we hpe yu can enjy it.
Just as the slgan says, “Exercise ne hur a day keeps illness away.” There is n dubt that sprt is gd fr ur health. A persn wh takes exercise regularly will keep fit. What’s mre, exercise can make yu well-behaved and cnfident. If yu usually take exercise with yur friends, yu will be clse t them. After all, sprts can make yur life mre clrful.
If yu’d like t practice fr the race, make sure that yu keep warm and avid catching a cld. Besides, if yu d sme warming-up exercises, yu might nt get injured.
Students’ Unin
January 15, 2021
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封英语倡议书，号召全体同学积极参加学校准备于1月25日组织的“冬季越野赛”(a winter crss-cuntry race)的活动。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1. 活动的目的；
2. 体育运动的好处；
3. 提醒冬季运动的安全。
第二步:列提纲
In rder t imprve students’ physical cnditin; Everyne is welcme t take part; There is n dubt that; be gd fr ur health; well-behaved and cnfident; make yur life mre clrful; warming-up exercises
第三步：连词成句
1. In rder t imprve students’ physical cnditin, a winter crss-cuntry race will be rganized in ur schl n January 25.
2. Everyne is welcme t take part and we hpe yu can enjy it.
3. There is n dubt that sprt is gd fr ur health.
4. What’s mre, exercise can make yu well-behaved and cnfident.
5. If yu usually take exercise with yur friends, yu will be clse t them. After all, sprts can make yur life mre clrful.
6. If yu’d like t practice fr the race, make sure that yu keep warm and avid catching a cld.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）（供参考）
1.表文章结构顺序：First f all, Firstly/First, Secndly/Secnd… And then, Finally, In the end, At last
2.表并列补充关系：What is mre, Besides, Mrever, Furthermre, In additin As well as, nt nly…but (als), including,
3.表转折对比关系：Hwever, On the cntrary, but, Althugh+clause(从句), In spite f+n/ding,On the ne hand…,On the ther hand… Sme…,while thers…,as fr, s…that…
4.表因果关系：Because, As, S, Thus, Therefre, As a result
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，
47． I called my family int my bedrm and shwed them what I had fund. Eyes caught by the incredible bunch f dllar bills at nce, they held their breath uncntrllably, frzen with shck. I tld them I wanted t give them all back, and undubtedly, I gt their supprt. S we tuned t the secndhand furniture stre wner fr help. Lking thrugh the dnatin recrds, the wner fund the sn’s telephne number. We gt in tuch with him right away, tld him abut the will and the mney and made an appintment with him.
Several days later, the ld lady’s sn and his wife came t my huse. Tears welled up in the man’s eyes when he saw the mney and the papers, which apparently brught back his memries abut his dead mther. Then the cuple expressed their sincere gratitude t us. They said they were in big financial truble nw and my act f hnesty was a timely help, nt nly giving them hpe but als strengthening their faith. I had never felt better. N new bicycle culd make me feel as gd abut myself as I felt that day. I passed an extremely imprtant test f my hnr.
本文以人物为线索展开，进述了作者家里没钱给作者买自行车，所以作者要求买个床头柜，存放他自己的私人物品。于是他们就去二手家具店买了个二手床头柜，作者在给它刷油漆的时候发现了一个包，里面有一千多美元的现金和一封老太太的遗嘱，作者陷入了进退两难的困境，是留下它还是还给老太太的家人呢？作者认为这是一次荣誉的测试，作者不想这次测试失败。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我把家人叫到我的卧室，并让他们看我发现的东西。”可知，第一段可描写作者的家人在看到那些东西并得知作者的决定之后的反应。
②由第二段首句内容“第二天，老太太的儿子和他的妻子来到我家。”可知，第二段可描写老人的家人在找回钱和母亲的遗嘱之后的反应和作者的感想。
2.续写线索：家人吃惊——打算返还——家人支持——寻找老太太的家人——归还钱和遗嘱——老太太家人的感谢——作者的感想
3.词汇激活
行为类
①得到某人的支持：get ne’s supprt/be supprted by
②和某人取得联系：get in tuch with sb./cntact sb.
③和某人约定：make an appintment with sb./ make a date with sb.
情绪类
①震惊：frzen with shck/be ttally shcked
②感谢：gratitude/thankfulness
TGV
High-speed: up t 320 km/h
Cnnects Paris with majr cities in France
Duble-decker trains
One f the mst ppular mdes f transprt fr lng-distance travel in France. These mdern trains run n arund 50 high-speed rutes and always require a reservatin in advance.
Inter-cites
Stps at cities nt part f the TGV netwrk
Day and night services
Night trains between Paris and Tuluse, Rdez, Briancn and Latur-de-Carl
Inter-cites trains are mainly used fr medium-distance jurneys acrss France.
Althugh nt as fast as TGV trains, they service a lt f statins acrss the cuntry that aren’t n TGV rutes. Reservatins are usually required n mst Inter-cites services.
TER
Reginal trains (ne fr each regin in France)
Lw-cst
Stps at smaller statins arund France
TER stands fr Transprt Express Reginal and there are 20 different reginal TER services perating acrss France. Ppular with cmmuters (远距离通勤的人), yu’ll likely bard ne f these trains fr shrter distance travel t smaller cities and twns thrughut France. Yu wn’t need a reservatin t bard a TER train.
Sleeper trains
Overnight travel t several destinatins in France
Cmfrtable and secure cabins
Opprtunity t save n accmmdatin
Operated by Thell, the ppular night train rute in France starts in Paris and wrks its way dwn int Italy. If yu want t save mney n accmmdatin during yur trip, taking a sleeper train lets yu wake up feeling refreshed at yur next destinatin.