上海卷02（含听力）-2024年高考英语一轮复习测试卷

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1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。
2. 本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3. 务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。
Ⅰ. Listening Cmprehensin
(2023届上海市徐汇区高三二模英语试卷)
1. A. At the bus stp.B. At the infrmatin desk.
C. On the platfrm.D. In the ffice building.
【答案】C
【原文】M: Where have yu been ver this time? The train is abut t leave.
W: I’m srry I’m late. But I was waiting fr yu at infrmatin desk upstairs.
Q: Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
2. A. It was quite a success.B. It was huge.
C. It was terrible.D. The music was gd.
【答案】C
【原文】M: I thught the party was a huge success.
W: Dn’t yu think the rm was t ht, and the music was t lud?
Q: Hw des the wman feel abut the party?
3. A. Jhn’s jb transfer.B. The rapid spread f rumur.
C. The new prject in India.D. Jhn’s quarrel with his wife.
【答案】A
【原文】W: Hey, Jhn. I hear they’re ging t send yu t India fr the new prject.
M: News travels fast! I was infrmed f the jb transfer a few hurs ag. I still dn’t knw hw t break the news t my wife.
Q: What are the tw speakers talking abut?
4. A. Sell the brken parts.B. Buy a new ne.
C. Make a prfitable investment.D. Have the ld ne fixed.
【答案】B
【原文】M: My fridge is mre than twelve years ld and it had wrked just fine until last night.
W: Yu’ll never be able t get parts fr it. It might be time t invest in a mre recent mdel.
Q: What des the wman suggest the man d?
5. A. They came in different clrs.B. They were gd value fr mney.
C. They were a very gd design.D. They were sld ut very quickly.
【答案】B
【原文】M: Did yu buy any f the sweaters that were n sale?
W: Buy any? I’ve gt seven f them. They were such a gd bargain.
Q: What des the wman say abut the sweaters?
6. A. The wman is wasting his time.
B. The wman shuld use her time wisely.
C. He is eager t knw the answer.
D. The wman des nt need t hurry.
【答案】D
【原文】W: Thank yu fr yur invitatin, but srry, I can’t say “yes” r “n” at the mment.
M: N wrry! Yu can take yur time. Just let me knw in a day r tw.
Q: What des the man imply?
7. A. She always talks bad abut her clleagues.
B. She has a gd reputatin fr being hnest.
C. She is gd at handling cmplicated relatinships.
D. She has gd relatins with peple arund her.
【答案】A
【原文】M: I really can’t put up with Jane. She is always speaking ill f thers.
W: She is, but she seems t have gd relatins with ur bss.
Q: What can we learn abut Jane?
8. A. She plans t apply fr a part-time jb.
B. She’s t busy t run fr class president.
C. She wants the man t help her with her studies.
D. She has n interest in running fr class president.
【答案】B
【原文】M: I really think yu shuld run fr class president. Everybdy knws yu and likes yu.
W: I’ve thught abut it. But I’m taking six classes and wrking a part-time jb nw.
Q: What des the wman mean?
9. A. She is nt in gd health fr her age.
B. She likes the jb f feeding fish.
C. She finds her new jb rewarding.
D. She feels unfit fr her new jb.
【答案】D
【原文】M: Hi Mary, haven’t seen yu fr ages. Hw are yu ging with yur new jb?
W: Nt s well. I feel like a fish ut f water ding that jb.
Q: What des the wman imply?
10. A. It’s hard t buy the tickets n the spt.
B. Tickets are cheaper if bught nline.
C. Free bklets prvide discunts fr the shw.
D. The cmic shw can be watched nline.
【答案】B
【原文】W: I’m thinking f getting tw tickets fr the cmic shw. Any suggestins?
M: Well, yu can purchase the tickets n the spt where sme free bklets are available, r yu can get them nline at a lwer price.
Q: What des the man mean?
Sectin B
Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear tw shrt passages and ne lnger cnversatin, and yu will be asked several questins n each f the passages and the cnversatin. The passages and the cnversatin will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne wuld be the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
11.
A. Plant eclgy.B. The study f insects.
C. Marine bilgy.D. The fd chain.
12
A. The threat f scientific prgress.B. The danger f chemicals pesticides(杀虫剂).
C. The pssible causes f cancer.D. The natural histry f the sea.
13.
A. It led t a natinwide ban n the use f pesticides in US.
B. It received psitive feedback as sn as it was published.
C. It accused chemical industry f spreading disinfrmatin.
D. It laid the fundatin fr mdern agricultural ecsystem.
【答案】11. C 12. B 13. C
【原文】I’m interested in eclgy and my her is Rachel Carsn. She gt peple t think abut the way we humans are causing permanent damage t the Earth’s ecsystems. Rachel Carsn began as a bilgist, wh specialized in writing abut the sea, but she gradually became aware f the danger f using chemicals like DDT and the way they can harm the earth! She wrte her classic bk Silent Spring in 1962 t explain this t the general public. The title f the bk refers t the fact that ne day all the birds might be dead s they wn’t be able t sing in the springtime. The bk primarily fcuses n pesticides’ effects n ecsystems, but fur chapters detail their impact n humans. She als accused the chemical industry, which cntinued t claim that pesticides are safe, and public fficials, wh accepted this disinfrmatin uncritically. The chemical industries reacted very badly t the bk and said she was unprfessinal. But further research by ther scientists prved that she was right. The bk led t a natinwide ban n DDT and became ne f the mst-influential bks in the mdern envirnmental mvement. (Nw listen again please.)
Questins:
11. What did Rachel Carsn specialize in at first?
12. What is the bk Silent Spring mainly abut?
13. What can be learned abut the bk?
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
14.
A. T create jbs.B. T increase sales.
C. T research markets.D. T intrduce prducts.
15.
A. Offering detailed infrmatin f the prduct.
B. Keeping the custmers engaged.
C. Capturing the custmer’s attentin.
D. Initiating the custmer t make a purchase.
16.
A. T evaluate the effect f AIDA.B. T display hw AIDA wrks.
C. T shw hw t make a mvie.D. T advertise the mvie industry.
【答案】14. B 15. C 16. B
【原文】The AIDA mdel is a pwerful tl that helps yu understand hw peple make buying decisins, s yu can tailr yur marketing strategies accrdingly. It utlines the fur basic steps used t persuade ptentials t make a purchase. The first stage is the Awareness Stage when the custmer becmes aware f the prduct r service. The next stage, the Interest Stage, is when the custmer starts t generate interest and learn mre abut the prduct r service. The Desire Stage is when the custmer starts t want the prduct r service and the Actin Stage is when the custmer actually buys the prduct r service.
AIDA is widely used in the mvie industry. Mvie studis begin their marketing campaigns mnths in advance. The campaigns develp by ffering attractive flashes f the mvie withut giving t much away. Desire is inspired by the release f the full preview which is fully designed t shw the exciting mments f the mvie, frm special effects t humrus lines f dialgue n the pening weekend. Advertisements in newspapers and n televisin fcus n the mvie’s release, inviting the cnsumer t g and buy a ticket. (Nw listen again please.)
Questins:
14. What is the purpse f practising AIDA?
15. What is the first stage f the AIDA mdel abut?
16. Why des the speaker mentin the mvie industry?
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
17.
A. T cmplain abut the pr service.
B. T rder a sftware fr his ffice.
C. T negtiate a lwer price.
D. T learn abut the prmtins f a prduct.
18.
A. It is a vice recgnitin sftware.
B. It is a sales management netwrk.
C. It is a website mnitring tl.
D. It is a micrphne manufacturer.
19.
A. The man didn’t get the discunt because he was nt rdering nline.
B. The free micrphnes with the sftware are usually very gd quality.
C. The man failed t rder nline because ne f the servers went wrng.
D. The man des nt need the micrphne included with the sftware.
20.
A. By cash.B. By credit card.
C. With prepaid card.D. With membership card.
【答案】17. B 18. A 19. C 20. B
【解析】W: Gd mrning, Pwer Net Sftware. Can I help yu?
M: Hi, I’ve been trying t rder sme f yur sftware frm the website but there seems t be a prblem because my rder didn’t g thrugh.
W: Oh, I’m srry abut that Sir. There was a prblem with ne f the servers. That’s prbably why yu had sme difficulty.
M: Wuld it be pssible fr me t place my rder thrugh yu nw? I really need this sftware as sn as pssible.
W: OK, sure. Nw then, what wuld yu like t rder frm us?
M: Yur site had a great ffer n smething called DXP. The price was 25% ff the nrmal price.
W: Well, I’m afraid that price is nly available fr thse wh rder thrugh ur site.
M: That’s hardly fair, is it? I just tried t rder thrugh yur site and, as I tld yu, the sale wuldn’t g thrugh. Can’t yu give me that discunt anyway?
W: Yeah, I think that wuld be alright. It’s nt as if it’s yur fault.
M: One mre questin. Is there a micrphne included with the sftware?
W: Yes, all ur speech recgnitin sftware cmes with a free micrphne althugh, between yu and me, the quality isn’t the best. I wuld recmmend yu buy a higher quality ne, especially if yu are planning t use this fr yur wrk.
M: Thanks a lt fr that infrmatin. OK, we’re dne. I have rdered thrugh yu befre and my custmer number is 794791. Yu shuld have all my cntact infrmatin and credit card number n file.
W: 794791 ... let’s see, h yes. Here yu are, Mr. Thmpsn, is that crrect?
M: Yes, that’s me. Hw lng will the delivery take?
W: Yu shuld have this by Wednesday.
M: Thanks very much, gdbye. (Nw listen again please.)
Questins:
17. Why des the man make the phne call?
18. What is “DXP” accrding t the cnversatin?
19. Which f the fllwing can be learned frm the cnversatin?
20. Hw is the man ging t pay fr his purchase?
Ⅱ. Grammar and Vcabulary
Sectin A
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd. Fr the ther blanks, fill in each blank with ne prper wrd. Make sure that yur answers are grammatically crrect.
(2023届上海市崇明区高三上学期一模)
Laziness and Lack f Sleep Can Shrten Yur Life, Especially When Cmbined
Yu already knw that smking is bad fr yu and that drinking t much alchl may shrten yur life. Nw a new study says that spending t much time in a chair and nt having enugh sleep shuld jin a shrt list f behavirs ____21____ (knw) t increase yur risk f premature death.
Sitting fr a lng time and lack f sleep were damaging in their wn way, but when cmbined with mre traditinal risk factrs, ____22____ had a multiplier effect that made an early death far mre likely.
The findings, published in the jurnal PLOS Medicine, make clear that “sme risk behavirs tend t cme tgether and ____23____ the jint risk culd be much higher than the sum f the individual risks”.
Fr instance, smking was ____24____ (dangerus) single risk factr amng the six studied. The small number f peple fr ____25____ smking was their nly bad habit were 90 percent mre likely t die during the curse f the study than peple wh were with practical clean living in every aspect. Peple wh reprted high alchl cnsumptin as their nly risk factr did nt seem ____26____ (put) their lives in danger. But fr thse wh cmbined heavy drinking with smking, the risk f premature death was dubled. And when lack f sleep ____27____ (add) t the mix, the likelihd f an early death was nearly five times greater ____28____ lack f sleep by itself had nly a light effect n death.
These numbers are based n the lives f 231,048 Australians.
____29____ (cnsider) factrs such as age, gender, educatin and ther factrs, the researchers saw a clear pattern. It was a persn’s bad lifestyle ____30____ cntributed t his r her risk f premature death.
【答案】21. knwn 22. they 23. that 24. the mst dangerus 25. whm 26. t be putting##t put##t have put 27. was added 28. even if##even thugh 29. Cnsidering##Having cnsidered
30. that
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了懒惰和缺乏睡眠会缩短你的寿命，尤其是当两者结合在一起时，风险可能远远高于单个风险的总和。
21考查非谓语动词。句意：现在一项新的研究表明，长时间坐在椅子上和睡眠不足会增加过早死亡的风险。分析句子成分可知，宾语从句的谓语动词为“shuld jin”，所以提示词应为非谓语动词，与空前的“a shrt list f behavirs”为逻辑上的动宾关系。故填knwn。
22考查代词。句意：久坐和睡眠不足本身就有危害，但当它们与更传统的风险因素结合在一起时，会产生乘数效应，使早死的可能性大大增加。分析句子成分可知，“but”后的分句中，主句缺少主语，结合句意应为代词they指代前文提到的“Sitting fr a lng time”和“lack f sleep”。故填they。
23考查宾语从句。句意：发表在《公共科学图书馆·医学》(PLOS Medicine)杂志上的研究结果明确指出，“一些风险行为往往会结合在一起，且联合风险可能远远高于单个风险的总和”。分析句子成分可知，动词短语“make clear”后接了两个宾语从句，第二个宾语从句为完整的从句，不缺成分，所以选用只起连接作用的关系词that，且不可以省略。故填that。
24考查形容词最高级。句意：例如，吸烟是六项研究中最危险的单一风险因素。根据本句中“amng the six”可知，在六项单一风险因素中，吸烟是最危险的，应用形容词最高级。故填the mst dangerus。
25考查定语从句。句意：在研究过程中，一小部分吸烟是唯一坏习惯的人死亡的可能性比在各方面都有实际清洁生活的人高90%。分析句子成分可知，“fr_______smking was their nly bad habit”应为定语从句，修饰先行词“peple”，关系词替代“peple”在定语从句中充当介词“fr”的宾语，应用关系代词whm。故填whm。
26考查非谓语动词。句意：那些将大量饮酒作为唯一危险因素的人似乎并没有将自己的生命置于危险之中。固定搭配seem t d sth. “似乎做某事”。因“大量饮酒”动作与“生命置于危险之中”动作先后情况不明显，所以可以用t d；也可以用t be ding表示前后动作几乎同时进行；也可用t have dne表示先后动作顺序。故填t be putting或t put或t have put。
27考查代词语态。句意：如果再加上睡眠不足，早死的可能性会增加近5倍，尽管睡眠不足本身对死亡的影响很小。分析句子成分可知，空处应为“when”引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词，主语为“lack f sleep”，所以用被动语态，且用单数；照应主句谓语“was”时态，空处也应为一般过去时。故填was added。
28考查让步状语从句。句意：如果再加上睡眠不足，早死的可能性会增加近5倍，尽管睡眠不足本身对死亡的影响很小。分析句意可知，空前句意为“睡眠不足，早死的可能性会增加近5倍”，空后句意为“睡眠不足本身对死亡的影响很小”，前后为让步关系，应用even if或even thugh引导让步状语从句。故填even if或even thugh。
29考查非谓语动词。句意：考虑到年龄、性别、教育程度等因素，研究人员发现了一个清晰的模式。分析句子成分可知，谓语动词为“saw”，且无连词，所以空处应为非谓语动词，提示词“cnsider”和句子主语为逻辑上的主动关系，应用ding，若强调非谓语的动作在谓语动作之前发生，也可用ding的完成式having dne。故填Cnsidering或Having cnsidered。
30考查强调句。句意：正是一个人不良的生活方式导致了他或她过早死亡的风险。分析句子成分可知，本句为强调句型It 。强调a persn’s bad lifestyle，应用that。故填that。
Sectin B
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the wrds in the bx. Each wrd can nly be used nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
(2023届上海市宝山区高三一模)
A. disturbing B. resurces C. altered D. effective E. recrded F. permanently
G. specially H. machines I. signified J. accurately K. impssible
When an endangered seabird hits a pwer line, it makes a sund “very much like the laser sund frm Star Wars,” says cnservatin bilgist Marc Travers. He shuld knw, as his team frm the Endangered Seabird Recvery Prject ___31___ thusands f hurs f audi t determine if pwer lines affected lcal seabirds. Travers was trying t help establish hw frequently birds are killed by pwer lines n the island f Kauai in Hawaii in 2011.
His team recrded 600 hurs f audi and sent the recrdings t Cnservatin Metrics, a cmpany that assists cnservatin effrts with AI ___32___. Cnservatin Metrics used a prgram t “listen” t the recrdings and cunt the sunds that ___33___ bird electrcutins(电击). The result was ___34___, as the number f bird electrcutins was in the thusands. Armed with prf that pwer lines were killing a significant number f birds, the team wrked with the lcal utility (公共事业) service t reduce bird deaths.
In science fictin stries such as The Matrix, AI-pwered ___35___ take ver the wrld and end life n the planet as we knw it. But in reality, prgrams that use AI t srt thrugh muntains f data might just save sme species frm disappearing ___36___.
By many measures, humans have been pr managers f the planet. Humans have ___37___ as much as 97 percent f land ecsystems. Key ppulatins f mnitred animals have declined as much as 68 percent since 1970. The decline in bidiversity arund the wrld has created a hpeless situatin. Cnservatin effrts lack key resurces they need t be ___38___.
Frtunately, humans nw have AI-based tls that can help. AI can quickly and ___39___ srt thrugh large amunts f data created by bservatins in the field. Then ther prgrams such as PAWS (Prtectin Assistant fr Wildlife Security) can help analyze the data and suggest the mst effective ways t fcus cnservatin effrts.
In large natinal parks and wildlife reserves, illegal hunters are a danger fr animals bth big and small. Sme animals are wrth a lt f mney n the black market. Park rangers are left with a(n) ____40____ task because there is t much land t cver. But the PAWS prgram allws rangers t fcus their effrts. PAWS has even predicted the existence f trap lines in areas nt yet checked by rangers!
We still face many challenges t change the lss f wildlife, but AI-pwered prgrams prmise t be a pwerful cnservatin tl.
【答案】31. E 32. B 33. I 34. A 35. H 36. F 37. C 38. D 39. J 40. K
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种以人工智能为载体的保护野生动物的方式。
31考查动词。句意：他应该知道，因为他的濒危海鸟恢复项目团队录制了数千小时的音频，以确定电线是否影响了当地的海鸟。分析句子成分可知，空处为as引导的原因状语从句中的谓语动词；根据上下文可知，是在讲过去的事情，故用一般现在时即可；后文“His team recrded 600 hurs f audi and sent the recrdings t Cnservatin Metrics,(他的团队录制了600小时的音频，并将录音发送给Cnservatin Metrics公司，)”可知，他的团队是“录制”了音频，空处和后文recrded为原文复现。故选E项。
32考查名词。句意：他的团队录制了600小时的音频，并将这些录音发送到保护指标公司，该公司利用人工智能资源协助保护工作。根据上文“His team recrded 600 hurs f audi and sent the recrdings t Cnservatin Metrics,( 他的团队录制了600小时的音频，并将录音发送给Cnservatin Metrics公司，)”、下文“Armed with prf that pwer lines were killing a significant number f birds, the team wrked with the lcal utility service t reduce bird deaths. (有了电线杀死大量鸟类的证据，该团队与当地公用事业公司合作，以减少鸟类死亡。)”中提到的recrdings“录音”和prf“证据”可知，这些都属于人工智能所提供的资源。B项“资源”符合句意。故选B项。
33考查动词。句意：Cnservatin Metrics公司使用一个程序来“听”录音，并计算了表示鸟类触电身亡的声音。分析句子成分可知，此处是一个定语从句，先行词为the sunds，空处需要填从句中的谓语动词，时态需要对应全文为一般过去时态；根据后文“The result was ___4___, as the number f bird electrcutins was in the thusands.(结果令人不安，因为触电的鸟类数量达到了数千只。)”可知，声音是鸟触电时发出的声音。I项意为“表示”、“代表”，符合句意。故选I项。
34考查形容词。句意：结果令人不安，因为触电而死亡的鸟类数量达到了数千只。分析句子成分可知，空处需要填形容词作表语，形容主语The result，而结合上文“the number f bird electrcutins was in the thusands(被电死的鸟的数量高达数千只。)”可知，结果是，被电死的鸟类数量巨大，这是非常令人不安的数据。A项“令人不安的”符合文意。故选A项。
35考查名词。句意：在《黑客帝国》等科幻小说中，人工智能机器控制了世界，结束了我们所知的地球上的生命。根据常识可知，人工智能本身是一种机器；句中谓语动词为take ver，故主语应为复数。H项machines“机器”符合句意和语法结构。故选H项。
36考查副词。句意：但在现实中，使用人工智能对海量数据进行分类的程序可能只是为了避免一些物种永久消失。分析句子成分可知，空处填副词修饰空前disappearing。前文“In science fictin stries such as The Matrix, AI-pwered machines take ver the wrld and end life n the planet as we knw it.(在《黑客帝国》等科幻小说中，人工智能机器控制了世界，结束了我们所知的地球上的生命。)”提到end life“结束生命”，故空处也需要填副词表示结束一些物种的生命。F项“永久地”符合句意，表示使这些物种灭绝。故选F项。
37考查动词。句意：人类改变了多达97%的陆地生态系统。根据后文“Key ppulatins f mnitred animals have declined as much as 68 percent since 1970. The decline in bidiversity arund the wrld has created a hpeless situatin.(自1970年以来，受监测的主要动物种群数量减少了68%。全球生物多样性的下降已经造成了一个绝望的局面。)”可知，人类的存在对陆地生态系统造成了影响。C项“改变”符合句意，和“影响”的情感态度相近。故选C项。
38考查形容词。句意：保护工作缺乏有效的关键资源。分析句子成分可知，空处需要填形容词作表语；D项“有效的”用于形容“关键资源”，符合句意。故选D项。
39考查副词。句意：人工智能可以快速准确地对现场观测产生的大量数据进行分类。分析句子成分，空前有and并列了副词quickly“快速地”，故空处也需要填一个副词。J项“准确地”符合文意，表示人工智能对大数据进行分类又快又准。故选J项。
40考查形容词。句意：公园管理员面临着一项不可能完成的任务，因为要覆盖的土地太多了。分析句子，空前有不定冠词，空后为名词task“任务”，故空处需要填形容词；结合后文“because there is t much land t cver.(因为要覆盖的土地太多了。)”可知，公园覆盖的面积太大，管理员一个人无法完成这样的挑战，所以这是一个“不可能完成的任务”。K项“不可能的”符合句意。故选K项。
Ⅲ. Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
(2023届上海市金山区高三上学期一模)
In 2007, a grup f researchers began testing a cncept that seems as if it wuld never need testing: Is mre happiness always better than less? The researchers asked cllege students t rate their feelings n a scale frm “unhappy” t “very happy” and cmpared the results with academic and scial utcmes. Althugh the “very happy” participants had brilliant scial lives, they perfrmed ____41____ in schl than thse wh were merely “happy”.
The researchers then examined a data set frm anther study that rated cllege freshmen’s “cheerfulness” and ____42____ their incme nearly tw decades later. They fund that the mst ____43____ were nt the highest earners. That distinctin (荣誉) nce again went t the secnd-highest grup, which rated their cheerfulness as “abve average.”
As with everything in life, happiness has its ____44____. Pursuing happiness t the exclusin f ther gals-knwn as psychlgical hednism (享乐主义)—is____45____. It gives a life where yu d nt reach yur full ptential, where yu are ____46____ t take risks, where yu chse temprary pleasures ver challenging experiences that give life meaning.
When I talk with peple abut their fear f negative utcmes in life, their true surce f fear, in many cases, ____47____ hw they will feel abut having failed, nt abut the cnsequence f the failure itself. This is similar t the way that discmfrt with ____48____ causes mre anxiety than guaranteed bad news. T ____49____ these bad feelings, peple give up kinds f pprtunities that invlve the pssibility f failure.
Hwever, bringing gd things int yur life, whether lve r career success, usually invlves risk. Risk des nt, f curse, _____50_____ make us happy. A risky life will very likely bring disappintment, but it can bring greater _____51_____ than a life played safe, as the studies abve suggested.
Nne f this is t say that we are flish fr wanting t be happy. _____52_____, the desire fr happiness is natural and nrmal. Making the pursuit f psitive feelings yur highest r nly gal, hwever, is a cstly life strategy. Endless happiness is impssible t achieve, and ding s _____53_____ many f the elements f a gd life. As the Canadian-American psychlgist Paul Blm wrte, “It’s the _____54_____we chse that affrds the mst pprtunity fr pleasure, meaning, and persnal grwth.”
Thugh pain shuld never be anyne’s gal, each f us can strive fr a rich life in which we nt nly seek the sunshine but fully ____55____ the rain that inevitably falls as well. This is the paradx (悖论) f being fully alive.
41. A. unwillinglyB. unpleasantlyC. admirablyD. incredibly
42. A. generatedB. increasedC. trackedD. drained
43. A. jyfulB. wealthyC. successfulD. distinctive
44. A. advantageB. balanceC. pprtunityD. preference
45. A. fruitfulB. significantC. pricelessD. rewardless
46. A. desperateB. hesitantC. likelyD. tempted
47. A. centers nB. wrks nC. takes nD. passes n
48. A. perfrmanceB. disciplineC. uncertaintyD. ignrance
49. A. cncealB. createC. tlerateD. avid
50. A. necessarilyB. inevitablyC. similarlyD. deliberately
51. A. fascinatinB. rewardsC. depressinD. challenges
52. A. On the cntraryB. That is t sayC. Fr instanceD. In turn
53. A. harvestsB. encuntersC. designsD. sacrifices
54. A. happinessB. wealthC. dishnrD. suffering
55. A. escapeB. predictC. experienceD. prduce
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. B 45. D 46. B 47. A 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. B 52. A 53. D 54. D 55. C
【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了快乐也有平衡，多一点幸福并不总是比少一点好，适当的不开心可以提高对生活的感受和解决问题的能力。
41考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管“非常快乐”的参与者有着辉煌的社交生活，但他们在学校的表现比那些仅仅“快乐”的人要糟糕。A. unwillingly不情愿地；B. unpleasantly令人不愉快地；C. admirably令人钦佩地；D. incredibly难以置信地。根据“the “very happy” participants had brilliant scial lives”和表示转折关系的althugh可知，比起那些“快乐”的人，“非常快乐”的人在学校的表现不难么令人愉快。故选B。
42考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究人员随后检查了另一项研究的数据集，该研究对大学新生的“快乐”进行了评级，并在近20年后追踪了他们的收入。A. generated产生；B. increased增加；C. tracked追踪；D. drained排除，使疲惫。根据下文“They fund that the mst ____43____ were nt the highest earners.”推知，研究人员追踪了他们近20年的收入。故选C。
43考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们发现最快乐的人并不是收入最高的人。A. jyful快乐的；B. wealthy富有的；C. successful成功的；D. distinctive独特的。根据上文“Is mre happiness always better than less?”可知，本文研究的是“多一点幸福总比少一点好吗”，因此此处指那些快乐的人并不总是收入最高的。故选A。
44考查名词词义辨析。句意：和生活中的一切一样，幸福也有它的平衡。A. advantage优势；B. balance平衡；C. pprtunity机会；D. preference偏爱。结合常识和“As with everything in life”可知，幸福和生活中的其他事情一样，也有平衡，过多过少都是不行的。故选B。
45考查形容词词义辨析。句意：追求幸福而不顾其他目标——被称为心理享乐主义——是没有回报的。A. fruitful有成果的；B. significant重要的；C. priceless无价的；D. rewardless无报酬的。根据“Pursuing happiness t the exclusin f ther gals-knwn”可知，这样做是没有回报的。故选D。
46考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它给人的生活是，你没有充分发挥自己的潜力，你对冒险犹豫不决，你选择暂时的快乐而不是挑战赋予生活意义的经历。A. desperate 绝望的；B. hesitant迟疑的，犹豫的；C. likely可能的；D. tempted诱惑的。根据上文“yu d nt reach yur full ptential”和下文“yu chse temprary pleasures ver challenging experiences that give life meaning”可知，此处应选择负向感情色彩的词，即面对冒险时犹豫不决。故选B。
47考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我和人们谈论他们对生活中负面结果的恐惧时，他们真正的恐惧来源，在很多情况下，集中在他们对失败的感受上，而不是失败本身的后果。 A. centers n以……为中心，集中于；B. wrks n致力于；C. takes n呈现，从事；D. passes n传递。根据“hw they will feel abut having failed”可知，人们恐惧的来源集中在对失败的感觉上。故选A。
48考查名词词义辨析。句意：这类似于不确定性带来的不适会比肯定的坏消息引起更多的焦虑。A. perfrmance表演，表现；B. discipline自律；C. uncertainty不确定性；D. ignrance无知。呼应下文“guaranteed”此处指对不确定性的不适。故选C。
49考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了避免这些不好的感觉，人们放弃了各种可能失败的机会。A. cnceal取消；B. create创造；C. tlerate容忍；D. avid避免，避开。根据“peple give up kinds f pprtunities that invlve the pssibility f failure.”可知，人们为了避免不好的感觉，放弃了很多机会，尽管这些机会带来的可能是失败。故选D。
50考查副词词义辨析。句意：当然，风险并不一定会让我们快乐。A. necessarily必定，必然；B. inevitably不可避免地；C. similarly相似地；D. deliberately故意地。根据上文“bringing gd things int yur life, whether lve r career success, usually invlves risk.”和下文“A risky life will very likely bring disappintment”可知，幸福伴随着风险，风险可能带来失望，因此风险并不一定会让我快乐。故选A。
51考查名词词义辨析。句意：正如上述研究表明的那样，冒险的生活很可能会带来失望，但它比安全的生活带来更大的回报。A. fascinatin魅力；B. rewards回报；C. depressin沮丧，抑郁；D. challenges挑战。根据上文“Hwever, bringing gd things int yur life, whether lve r career success, usually invlves risk.”可知，比起什么都不做，冒险的生活会带来回报。故选B。
52考查短语辨析。句意：相反，对幸福的渴望是自然和正常的。A. On the cntrary相反；B. That is t say也就是说；C. Fr instance例如；D. In turn轮流，反过来。根据上文“Nne f this is t say that we are flish fr wanting t be happy.”可知，与之相反，渴望幸福是自然且正常的。故选A。
53考查名词词义辨析。句意：无尽的幸福是不可能实现的，这样做会牺牲美好生活的许多要素。A. harvests收获；B. encunters偶遇；C. designs设计；D. sacrifices牺牲。根据“Endless happiness is impssible t achieve”可知，想要无尽的幸福需要牺牲生活中其他美好的东西。故选D。
54考查名词词义辨析。句意：正如加拿大裔美国心理学家保罗·布鲁姆所写：“正是我们选择的苦难为我们提供了快乐、意义和个人成长的最大机会。”A. happiness幸福；B. wealth财富；C. dishnr拒付，丢脸；D. suffering痛苦。结合常识和下文“Thugh pain shuld never be anyne’s gal”可知，苦难为我们提供了快乐、意义和个人成长的最大机会。故选D。
55考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然痛苦永远不应该是任何人的目标，但我们每个人都可以为丰富的生活而奋斗，在生活中，我们不仅寻求阳光，而且充分体验不可避免的下雨。A. escape逃避；B. predict预测；C. experience经历，体验；D. prduce生产。根据“in which we nt nly seek the sunshine”可知，除了在生活中寻求阳光，我们还应该体验不可避免的“雨”。故选C。
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
(2023届上海市奉贤区高三一模英语试题)
If I have a gal in life, it isn’t t be driving a Rlls-Ryce. It’s t be giving away mre than $1,000,000 a year and having an impact n peple’s lives. I have the success tday because I always had t wrk fr what I wanted. I grew up accustmed t risks and disappintments, s I was used t mving frward, n matter what.
In 2008, I went t Ls Angeles where I tried t get hired as an agent, an analyst and a financial brker. Unfrtunately, all these drs slammed in my face. The wrld’s ecnmy was in a bad state, s I knew I wuld have t d a little spinning f my wn.
Yuth invlves a certain inncence but als perseverance. The wrd “can’t” wasn’t in my vcabulary. I partnered with a friend buying distressed multifamily prperties arund Hustn. Even thugh we were enthusiastic and backed with start-up sums, I didn’t make a deal wrk. My friend mved n t ther prjects. Alne, I put all my mney int the next real-estate prject. I put the time in, I dreamed it, but nce again the deal fell thrugh. Tw mnths later, thugh, the deal came back arund. That was when the path pened, luck changed, and I was ready t frm my wn cmpany. I haven’t lked back. Only ahead.
I’m nw able t give back t cmmunities and causes. I dnate abut $500,000 a year, much f that ging t research t cure rare diseases. We als supprt a lt f services fr disadvantaged children in Hustn and ther places.
I have always been smene wh can see the big picture and have never been distracted by things that get in the way. There are lessns t be learned, and the biggest f thse is t keep ging. Yu may have t change the path, but always keep that visin in frnt f yu.
56. Which f the fllwing abut the authr is true?
A. He dnated a lt f mney t imprve his cmpany’s image.
B. He ften encuntered difficulties in the prcess f grwing up.
C. He started his wn cmpany tgether with a friend.
D. He changed jbs several times while in Ls Angeles.
57. By saying “d a little spinning f my wn” in the secnd paragraph, the authr prbably means he wuld_____________.
A. lk fr a part-time jb independentlyB. make his cntributins t the ecnmy
C. give in t the disappinting realityD. be self-emplyed t develp his career
58. Which quality f the authr is nt shwn in the passage?
A. Perseverance.B. Optimism.C. Inncence.D. Kindness.
59. Which ne is prbably the best title f the passage?
A. Saying N t “Turning Back”B. Tips fr a Successful Business
C. Jumping ver Ecnmic DwnturnsD. A Life-time Pursuit f Dream
【答案】56. B 57. D 58. C 59. A
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在成长过程中经常遇到困难，所以无论发生什么，都习惯了勇往直前。
56细节理解题。根据第一段中“I grew up accustmed t risks and disappintments, s I was used t mving frward, n matter what.(我从小就习惯了冒险和失望，所以我习惯了勇往直前，无论发生什么)”可知，B选项“他在成长过程中经常遇到困难”正确。故选B。
57词句猜测题。根据第二段中“In 2008, I went t Ls Angeles where I tried t get hired as an agent, an analyst and a financial brker. Unfrtunately, all these drs slammed in my face.(2008年，我去了洛杉矶，试图在那里找到一份代理、分析师和金融经纪人的工作。不幸的是，这些门都在我面前关上了)”可知，当时世界经济状况很糟糕，所以作者要自主创业来发展自己的事业。由此推知，划线部分意思是“自主创业来发展自己的事业”。故选D。
58细节理解题。根据第三段中“Yuth invlves a certain inncence but als perseverance. The wrd “can’t” wasn’t in my vcabulary.(青春既有一定的天真，也有一定的毅力。我的字典里没有“不能”这个词)”以及倒数第二段中“I’m nw able t give back t cmmunities and causes. I dnate abut $500,000 a year, much f that ging t research t cure rare diseases.(我现在能够回馈社区和事业。我每年捐赠大约50万美元，其中大部分用于治疗罕见疾病的研究)”可知，作者单纯的品质在文章中没有表现出来。故选C。
59主旨大意题。根据最后一段“There are lessns t be learned, and the biggest f thse is t keep ging. Yu may have t change the path, but always keep that visin in frnt f yu.(我们要吸取教训，其中最大的教训就是坚持下去。你可能不得不改变道路，但始终保持愿景在你面前)”结合文章主要讲述了作者在成长过程中经常遇到困难，所以习惯了勇往直前，无论发生什么。由此可知，A选项“拒绝‘回头’”最符合文章标题。故选A。
(B)
(2023届上海市普陀区高三上学期一模)
60. What’s the passage mainly abut?
A. News n teaching.B. News n creativity.
C. News n technlgy.D. News n caffeine.
61. Which headline as fllws is suitable fr Mar. 14, 2022?
A. Mre Methds Help Yu CreativeB. Many Ways Help Yu Succeed
C. Anyne Can Be CreativeD. Everyne Can Be Stimulated
62. Which f the fllwing is true accrding t the passage?
A. Highly creative peple wrk differently than thers.
B. Anyne can find inspiratin and new ways t create.
C. Encuraging kids t help thers is a way t imprve their creativity.
D. A new neurimaging study leads t human creativity.
【答案】60. B 61. C 62. C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文中主要介绍了一项关于创造力的研究。
60主旨大意题。根据文中“A new study shws highly creative peple’s brains appear t wrk differently than thers, with an atypical apprach that makes distant cnnectins ... (一项新的研究表明，极具创造力的人的大脑似乎与其他人的工作方式不同，他们采用了一种非典型的方法来建立遥远的联系……)”可知，这篇文章的主要内容是关于创造力的新闻。故选B。
61细节理解题。根据Octber 14, 2022部分中“Researchers have develped a new methd fr training peple t be creative, ne that shws prmise f succeeding far better than current ways f sparking ...(研究人员已经开发出一种新的方法来训练人们的创造力，这种方法显示出比目前激发创造力的方法更好的成功前景)”可知，人们的创造力是可以通过训练的来的。故“人人都可以创造力”标题适合2022年3月14日。故选C。
62细节理解题。根据文中“Teaching children in a way that encurages them t empathize with thers measurably imprves their creativity, and culd ptentially lead t several ther beneficial learning utcmes, new research ... (新的研究表明，以一种鼓励他们与他人共情的方式教育孩子，可以显著地提高他们的创造力，并可能导致其他几种有益的学习结果……)”推知，鼓励孩子帮助他人是提高他们创造力的一种方式。故选C。
(C)
(2023届上海市静安区高三一模英语试卷)
As Christmas apprached, the price f turkey went wild. It didn’t rcket, as sme might suggest. Nr did it crash. It just started waving. We live in the age f the variable prices. In the eyes f sellers, the right price—the ne that will draw the mst prfit frm cnsumers’ wallets—has becme the fcus f huge experiments. These srts f price experiments have becme a rutine part f finding that right price.
It may cme as a surprise that, in buying a pie, yu might be participating in a carefully designed scial-science experiment. But this is what nline cmparisn shpping has brught. Simply put, the cnvenience t knw the price f anything, anytime, anywhere, has given us, the cnsumers, s much pwer that sellers—in a desperate effrt t regain the upper hand, r at least avid extinctin—are nw staring back thrugh the screen. They are trying t “cmparisn shpping” us.
They have enugh means t d s: the huge data tracks yu leave behind whenever yu place smething in yur nline shpping cart with tp data scientists capable f turning the infrmatin int useful price strategies, and what ne tech ecnmist calls “the ability t experiment n a scale that’s unimaginable in the histry f ecnmics.”
In result, nt cincidentally, nrmal pricing practices—an advertised discunt ff the “list price,” tw fr the price f ne, r simply “everyday lw prices” are giving way t far mre crazy strategies.
“In the Internet era, I dn’t think anyne culd have predicted hw cmplicated these strategies have becme,” says Rbert Dlan, a prfessr at Harvard. The price f a can f sda in a vending machine can nw vary with the temperature utside. The price f the headphnes may depend n hw budget-cnscius yur web histry shws yu t be. The price may even be affected by the price f the mbile phne yu use fr item search. Fr shppers, that means price—nt the ne ffered t yu right nw, but the ne ffered t yu 20 minutes frm nw, r the ne ffered t me, r t yur neighbr—may becme an increasingly unknwable thing. “There used t be ne price fr smething,” Dlan ntes. Nw the true price f pumpkin-pie spice is subject t a level f uncertainty.
63. Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A. When hlidays cme, prices are usually increased.
B. The right price t sellers is the ne t bring biggest prfits.
C. The right price is fixed althugh it’s hard t find it.
D. T buy a pie, custmers have t becme an expert in ecnmy.
64. Sellers stare back thrugh the screen in rder t ________.
A. reflect n the effect f the Internet
B. analyze custmers’ nline buying histry fr price strategy
C. duble check the existence f the purchase
D. find ut nline where the lwest prices are
65. In Internet age, what element is NOT likely t affect the price f an item?
A. The instant md f the buyer at the time f purchase.
B. The necessity level f the item at the time f purchase.
C. The extent t which the buyer is sensitive t the price.
D. The price f the facility the buyer uses t lk fr the item.
66. What is the passage mainly abut?
A. The advantages f nline shpping ver traditinal shpping.
B. Measures sellers take t maximize prfits.
C. The analysis f pricing mechanism.
D. The battle between buyers and sellers in Internet age.
【答案】63. B 64. B 65. A 66. C
【解析】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述在网络时代，因为受到很多因素的影响，物品的价格不再是一成不变的了，文章对定价机制进行了分析
63细节理解题。根据第一段“In the eyes f sellers, the right price—the ne that will draw the mst prfit frm cnsumers’ wallets—has becme the fcus f huge experiments. (在卖家看来，合适的价格——从消费者的钱包中获得最多利润的价格——已经成为了巨大实验的焦点。)”可知，对商家来说，合适的价格就是能给他们带来最多利润的价格。故选B。
64细节理解题。根据第二段“Simply put, the cnvenience t knw the price f anything, anytime, anywhere, has given us, the cnsumers, s much pwer that sellers—in a desperate effrt t regain the upper hand, r at least avid extinctin—are nw staring back thrugh the screen. They are trying t “cmparisn shpping” us. (简单地说，随时随地了解任何东西的价格的便利性给了我们消费者如此强大的力量，以至于为了重新占据上风或至少避免灭绝而不顾一切的卖家现在都在屏幕上盯着我们。他们试图和我们“比价购物”)”可知，商家们一直在屏幕上盯着我们是为了和我们“比价购物”，即通过分析消费者的在线购买历史以制定价格策略。故选B。
65细节理解题。根据最后一段“The price f a can f sda in a vending machine can nw vary with the temperature utside. The price f the headphnes may depend n hw budget-cnscius yur web histry shws yu t be. The price may even be affected by the price f the mbile phne yu use fr item search. (现在，自动售货机中一罐汽水的价格会随着室外温度的变化而变化。耳机的价格可能取决于您的网络历史记录显示的预算意识。价格甚至可能受您用于物品搜索的手机价格的影响。)”可知，一件商品的价格会受室外温度、预算意识和消费者用于物品搜索的手机价格等的影响，不包括购买者当时的情绪。故选A。
66主旨大意题。根据第二段“It may cme as a surprise that, in buying a pie, yu might be participating in a carefully designed scial-science experiment. But this is what nline cmparisn shpping has brught. (买馅饼时，你可能会参加一个精心设计的社会科学实验，这可能会让人感到惊讶。但这就是网上比价购物所带来的。)”和最后一段““In the Internet era, I dn’t think anyne culd have predicted hw cmplicated these strategies have becme,” says Rbert Dlan, a prfessr at Harvard. (哈佛大学教授罗伯特·多兰表示：“在互联网时代，我认为没有人能够预测这些策略会变得多么复杂。”。)”可知，这篇文章主要讲述在网络时代，因为受到很多因素的影响，物品的价格不再是一成不变的了，文章对定价机制进行了分析。故选C。
Sectin C
Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Fill in each blank with a prper sentence given in the bx. Each sentence can be used nly nce. Nte that there are tw mre sentences than yu need.
(2023届上海市徐汇区高三二模)
Hw t supprt a struggling friend
We’ve all been in situatins like this, bth big and small and everything in between: frm missing the bus t wrk t struggling with the lss f a lved ne. Cmmn wisdm suggests that a prblem shared is a prblem halved. We really want t help, yet we dn’t quite have the wrds r the tactics.
Research shws that many peple dn’t really knw what wrks best t help their friends effectively. ____67____ A survey f the methds that peple used t manage their friends’ emtins identified 378 distinct strategies. Given this large variety f strategies, it’s n wnder that deciding what t d when yu have a friend in tears can be a little challenging.
The gd news is that there are simple strategies yu can learn that will help yu prvide mre effective supprt t yur friends.
Ask questins and really listen
Just as playing dwn a friend’s prblem is unwise, s is trying t empathize t quickly. While this impulse is understandable and quite nrmal, it is als likely t g wrng. ____68____ S hw might yu best address the situatin instead? A recent research suggests that it wuld be better t slw dwn and start by asking directly hw yur friend is feeling, rather than thinking abut hw yu might feel in a similar situatin.
A related technique t try is active listening, which is cmmnly used by therapists, and relatively simple t implement. ____69____ Fr example, yur friend might spend sme time explaining a series f stressful events acrss their week, describing arguments with their spuse, a munting wrklad and sme wrries abut debt, and yu might respnd by saying that it sunds like they are verwhelmed bth at hme and at wrk right nw.
Dn’t take charge
If yur supprt is t directive and take-charge, it might make yur friends feel like they aren’t able t handle things n their wn, like a kid wh needs their parent’s help t manage their prblems.
Instead, it wuld have been better t ask them what they want, and hw they might be able t change this situatin, and then listen t them talk thrugh their ptins ne by ne. In ding this, yu prvide a sunding bard fr them t take cntrl f the situatin n their wn. ____70____ This will help them rganise their thughts and cme t sme slutins, withut feeling like yu did it fr them.
A. One useful skill is t paraphrase what yur friend is saying in yur wn wrds.
B. A friend wh is ging thrugh hardship may benefit frm a helpful gesture.
C. Part f the challenge is that there are just s many pssible ways t intervene.
D. It’s imprtant nt t put t much pressure n yur friend t talk.
E. Research has shwn that we’re actually really bad at taking ther peple’s perspectives.
F. Yur aim shuld be t facilitate the ther persn’s chices, rather than dminating them.
【答案】67. C 68. E 69. A 70. F
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些能有效地帮助和支持面对困境的朋友的方法。
67上文“Research shws that many peple dn’t really knw what wrks best t help their friends effectively.”（研究表明，很多人并不知道怎样才能最有效地帮助朋友。）说明在帮助朋友方面，许多人没有有效的方法，结合下文“A survey f the methds that peple used t manage their friends’ emtins identified 378 distinct strategies.”（一项关于人们用来管理朋友情绪的方法的调查发现了378种不同的策略。）说明策略太多，导致人们无从下手，C项“Part f the challenge is that there are just s many pssible ways t intervene.”（部分挑战在于有太多可能的干预方式。）构成上文“很多人并不知道怎样才能最有效地帮助朋友”的原因，照应下文“378种不同的策略”，衔接恰当。故选C项。
68上文“Just as playing dwn a friend’s prblem is unwise, s is trying t empathize t quickly. While this impulse is understandable and quite nrmal, it is als likely t g wrng.”（就像淡化朋友的问题是不明智的一样，试图太快地展示同理心也是不明智的。虽然这种冲动是可以理解的，也是很正常的，但它也可能出错。）说明了太快地向朋友展示自己的同情有时候会出错，结合下文“S hw might yu best address the situatin instead? A recent research suggests that it wuld be better t slw dwn and start by asking directly hw yur friend is feeling, rather than thinking abut hw yu might feel in a similar situatin.”（那么，你如何才能最好地应对这种情况呢? 最近的一项研究表明最好放慢速度，直接询问你的朋友的感受，而不是考虑你在类似情况下的感受。）直接用研究结果展示了解决上文问题的办法，E项“Research has shwn that we’re actually really bad at taking ther peple’s perspectives.”（研究表明我们真的不擅长从别人的角度看问题。）总结上文内容，从而引出下文的解决办法，衔接恰当。故选E项。
69下文“Fr example, yur friend might spend sme time explaining a series f stressful events acrss their week, describing arguments with their spuse, a munting wrklad and sme wrries abut debt, and yu might respnd by saying that it sunds like they are verwhelmed bth at hme and at wrk right nw.”（例如，你的朋友可能会花一些时间向你解释他们一周中发生的一系列压力事件，描述他们与配偶的争吵，不断增加的工作量和对债务的担忧，你可能会回答说，听起来他们现在在家庭和工作上都不堪重负。）举例说明了当朋友向你抱怨时，你可以用自己的话来解释朋友说的内容。A项“One useful skill is t paraphrase what yur friend is saying in yur wn wrds”（一个有用的技巧是用你自己的话来解释你的朋友所说的话。）与下文举例内容一致。故选A项。
70上文“Instead, it wuld have been better t ask them what they want, and hw they might be able t change this situatin, and then listen t them talk thrugh their ptins ne by ne. In ding this, yu prvide a sunding bard fr them t take cntrl f the situatin n their wn.”（相反，最好是问他们想要什么，以及他们可能如何改变这种情况，然后听他们逐一讨论他们的选择。在这样做的过程中，你扮演的是一个参谋的角色，要让他们自己控制局面。）说明在帮助朋友过程中要以朋友为主导，帮助他们获得自己想要的结果。F项“Yur aim shuld be t facilitate the ther persn’s chices, rather than dminating them.”（你的目标应该是促进他人的选择，而不是支配他们。）总结上文句意，衔接恰当。故选F项。
Ⅳ. Summary Writing
71.Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
(2023届上海市松江区高三上学期一模)
Out f Sight, Out f Mind
Technlgy has made paying all srts f bills incredibly easy. The real-time budget apps, which capture ur spending and pay ur bills autmatically, shuld theretically give us mre cntrl ver ur mney. But why, in real life, d they d the ppsite?
It helps t think abut hw we used t pay. My parents describe a prcess that wuld invlve three separate pints f cntact whenever they paid fr smething with a credit card: first, at the cash register, then when a bill came in the mail and finally when they wrte a check t cver it. While each f the checkpints is technically still there, autmatin has given us a chance t skip the secnd and the third. Fr bills paid autmatically thrugh a banking app, even the first checkpint can be gne. We knw that it is happening in the backgrund, but it’s s far ut f view that it might as well nt be there. Hw d we get that cnnectin back, withut giving up the cnvenience that technlgy has brught us?
The gd news is that thugh technlgy has taken away smething, it can als give. Much f the battle is simply recgnizing what we’ve lst. If we want t be smart abut ur mney and have thrugh cntrl ver it, we need t bridge that gap between what we spend n and hw much we pay. We can start using persnal-finance apps t d mre than make ur lives easier. These apps can send us ntificatins when each autmatic payment is being made and categrize purchases, sending us instant spending reprts. Admittedly, thse tls require the user t sign up fr these services and make cnscius effrts t take full advantage f them. In this way, they are arguably better practice than balancing a checkbk n a Saturday mrning.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Technlgy simplifies the prcess f paying but rbs us f the cntrl ver mney. We lse track f the cnnectin between the purchases and the mney spent because the prcess is nt cmpletely presented. T regain the cntrl, we can turn t persnal-finance apps cnsciusly t get instantly ntified. (49 wrds)
【解析】这是一篇说明文。技术简化了支付过程，但剥夺了我们对金钱的控制。我们失去了购买和花费之间的联系，因为这个过程没有完整地呈现出来。为了重新获得控制权，我们可以有意识地使用个人理财应用程序，以获得即时通知。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①Technlgy has made paying all srts f bills incredibly easy. The real-time budget apps, which capture ur spending and pay ur bills autmatically, shuld theretically give us mre cntrl ver ur mney. But why, in real life, d they d the ppsite?
②While each f the checkpints is technically still there, autmatin has given us a chance t skip the secnd and the third. Fr bills paid autmatically thrugh a banking app, even the first checkpint can be gne.
③We can start using persnal-finance apps t d mre than make ur lives easier. These apps can send us ntificatins when each autmatic payment is being made and categrize purchases, sending us instant spending reprts.
2.缜密构思
将第1、2、3三个要点进行提炼主要意思。
3.遣词造句
Technlgy simplifies the prcess f paying but rbs us f the cntrl ver mney.
We lse track f the cnnectin between the purchases and the mney spent because the prcess is nt cmpletely presented.
T regain the cntrl, we can turn t persnal-finance apps cnsciusly t get instantly ntified.
【点睛】[高分句型1] We lse track f the cnnectin between the purchases and the mney spent because the prcess is nt cmpletely presented.（because引导的原因状语从句）。
[高分句型2] T regain the cntrl, we can turn t persnal-finance apps cnsciusly t get instantly ntified.（动词不定式作目的状语）
Ⅴ. Translatin
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
(2022-2023学年上海市杨浦区高三上学期一模)
项目化学习旨在培养学生解决实际问题的能力。(mean) (汉译英)

【答案】The prject-based learning is meant t develp students’ ability t slve practical prblems.
【解析】考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。“项目化学习”是the prject-based learning，“旨在做某事”是be meant t d，“培养学生解决实际问题的能力”翻译为develp students’ ability t slve practical prblems，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语the prject-based learning是不可数名词，其后be动词用is，因此整句话翻译为“The prject-based learning is meant t develp students’ ability t slve practical prblems”。故答案为The prject-based learning is meant t develp students’ ability t slve practical prblems.
73. 有被讨厌的勇气是活得淋漓尽致的第一步。(curage) (汉译英)

【答案】Having the curage t be disliked is the first step tward living life t the fullest.
【解析】考查非谓语动词和固定短语。分析句子，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时。表示“有勇气去做某事”用have the curage t d sth，此处使用动名词作主语，表示“被讨厌”用不定式的被动结构，即t be disliked；表示“是第一步去做某事”用be the first step tward ding；表示“对于活得淋漓尽致”用is the first step tward living t the fullest。故翻译为：Having the curage t be disliked is the first step tward living life t the fullest。
74. 惊叹于中国工人把集装箱变成酒店房间的速度，锦标赛组织者称他们为魔术师。(s...) (汉译英)

【答案】The turnament rganizers were s amazed at the speed at which the Chinese wrkers turned the cntainers int htel rms that they described them as magicians.
【解析】考查时态，从句和短语。根据句意可知，用一般过去时，主语“锦标赛组织者”译为the turnament rganizers，谓语“惊叹于”译为be amazed at，结合提示词用句型，宾语the speed“速度”，“中国工人把集装箱变成酒店房间的”译为定语从句，修饰the speed，at the speed“以……速度”是固定短语，故从句用at which引导，which指代先行词the speed，故从句为at which the Chinese wrkers turned the cntainers int htel rms ，“称他们为魔术师”译为they described them as magicians，是结果状语从句，结合主谓一致，故答案为The turnament rganizers were s amazed at the speed at which the Chinese wrkers turned the cntainers int htel rms that they described them as magicians.
75. 在古代，二十四节气（the 24 slar terms）指导农民预测冷暖，春种秋收，如今其魅力依然如故。( ) (汉译英)

【答案】The 24 slar terms in ancient times instructed farmers t expect changes in temperature, spring planting and autumn harvest and tday they are as charming as they were in the past.
The 24 slar terms in ancient times instructed farmers t expect when the days were getting clder r warmer, guiding farmers t sw seeds in spring and harvest crps in autumn, and tday they are as charming as they were in the past.
【解析】考查时态，宾语从句，状语从句和现在分词。“在古代”是in ancient times，“二十四节气”是the 24 slar terms，“指导农民预测冷暖，春种秋收”时态用一般过去时，“指导某人做某事”是instruct sb. t d sth., “农民”是farmers，“预测冷暖”是expect changes in temperature，“春种秋收”是spring planting and autumn harvest，“如今”是tday，“如今其魅力依然如故”句子时态用一般现在时，“其魅力依然如故”可理解为“和以前一样有魅力”，“有魅力的”是charming，“和以前一样有魅力”是as charming as they were in the past，是as引导比较状语从句。因此整句话翻译为“The 24 slar terms in ancient times instructed farmers t expect changes in temperature, spring planting and autumn harvest and tday they are as charming as they were in the past”。另外“指导农民预测冷暖，春种秋收”也可理解为“指导农民预测天气什么时候更冷，什么时候更热，指导农民在春天播种，秋天收获庄稼”，“指导农民预测”时态用一般过去时，是instructed farmers t expect，“天气什么时候更冷，什么时候更热”用when引导的宾语从句，作expect的宾语，“天气什么时候更冷，什么时候更热”用过去进行时表将来，是the days were getting clder r warmer；“指导农民在春天播种，秋天收获庄稼”中的“指导”可换用guide，其后跟sb. t d sth.，“在春天播种，秋天收获庄稼”是sw seeds in spring and harvest crps in autumn，instructed作谓语，guide要用非谓语动词，The 24 slar terms和guide之间是主谓关系，因此用现在分词guiding表主动作状语，因此这个句子的第二种翻译是
“The 24 slar terms in ancient times instructed farmers t expect when the days were getting clder r warmer, guiding farmers t sw seeds in spring and harvest crps in autumn, and tday they are as charming as they were in the past.”。
故答案为
The 24 slar terms in ancient times instructed farmers t expect changes in temperature, spring planting and autumn harvest and tday they are as charming as they were in the past./The 24 slar terms in ancient times instructed farmers t expect when the days were getting clder r warmer, guiding farmers t sw seeds in spring and harvest crps in autumn, and tday they are as charming as they were in the past.
Ⅵ. Guided Writing
76.Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120—150 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
2023届上海市普陀区高三下学期二模
假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，最近学生会对本校全体学生进行了一项关于“博物馆免费开放政策”的问卷调查，结果如下表所示，写一篇调查报告，内容须包括：
1)对调查结果的简单描述;
2)对数据的原因分析;
3)你的看法。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Recently, I cnducted a questinnaire survey n the "free admissin plicy f museums" amng senir high schl students.
As is shwn in the picture, 67.86% f students wuld cnsider museums free f charge, which really surprises me. 3.57% f students went fr free. 28.57% hld the indifferent attitude. But what accunts fr the huge gap between students? In my pinin, 67.86% f the students may like t study but the family cnditins are nt gd, there is n such expenditure, s they will cnsider free f charge. 3.57% f students are nt interested in museums because they d nt lve studying, s it is free fr them t g. Hwever, 28.57% f the students are indifferent because their family cnditins are gd and they like t g t museums t increase their knwledge. They will g there anyway.
Persnally, under the cnditin f free, students shuld visit there regularly t learn sme extracurricular knwledge, which will be f great help t enrich their experience, braden ur knwledge and make us a knwledgeable persn.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，最近学生会对本校全体学生进行了一项关于“博物馆免费开放政策”的问卷调查，结果如下表所示，写一篇调查报告，内容须包括：对调查结果的简单描述；对数据的原因分析；你的看法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
免费：free f charge→fr free→fr nthing
有益的：be f great help → be helpful
就个人而言：persnally→in ne’s pinin
拓宽：braden→ widen
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Recently, I cnducted a questinnaire survey n the “free admissin plicy f museums” amng senir high schl students.
拓展句：Recently, I cnducted a questinnaire survey which is n the “free admissin plicy f museums” amng senir high schl students.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As is shwn in the picture, 67.86% f students wuld cnsider museums free f charge, which really surprises me.（运用了as和which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Hwever, 28.57% f the students are indifferent because their family cnditins are gd and they like t g t museums t increase their knwledge.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句）
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1
博物馆免费情况下会考虑
67.86%
2
免费才去
3.57%
3
持无所谓态度
28.57%