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新高考英语一轮复习语法填空专题06 代词(2份打包,原卷版+解析版)
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命题规律:
人称代词分主格和宾格、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词it的用法
备考策略:
在语法填空题中,当句子缺少主语、定语、宾语或表语时,一般需填代词;确定填代词之后,再看一下设空处所填代词是否与前文提到的人或物有指代关系。
(1)作主语:人称代词主格(I, we, yu, he等);
(2)作宾语/表语:人称代词宾格(me, us, him等)、名词性物主代词(urs, mine, yurs等);
(3)作定语:形容词性物主代词(ur, my, yur等);
(4)如果宾语与主语是指同一个人,用反身代词(myself, yurself, itself等);
(5)填it的情况:作形式主语或形式宾语;指代前面提到的同一个事物或情况;
(6)that, thse作替代词,用来代替已提到的名词,以避免重复。
基本知识:
代词:
人称代词分主格和宾格。
物主代词包括形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词物主代词修饰名词;名词性物主代词单独使用,相当于形容词物主代词加名词,后面不能再跟名词。
反身代词。反身代词的固定搭配:devte neself t“致力于,献身于”,其中t是介词;say t neself“自言自语”;help neself t“随便吃,自行取用”;by neself“独自地,单独”;make neself dne“使某人自己被”;leave ne by neself“把某人自己单独留下”;enjy neself“过得愉快”;behave neself“举止规矩”;cme t neself“苏醒过来”。
不定代词。指人的不定代词:smene,anyne,smebdy,anybdy,everyne,everybdy,nbdy,n ne;指物的不定代词:smething;anything;everything;nthing;nne既可指人也可指物,表示“一个也没有”或“一点也没有”。
it的用法
it作形式主语或形式宾语,代指动词不定式、动名词、名词性从句。
用于强调句型:It is/was 例如:It was he that/wh brke the dr.(是他弄坏的门);It was nt until his father came back that he left hme.(直到他的父亲回来,他才离开的家。)温馨提示:这个句型不能强调谓语动词,强调谓语动词时应该用:助动词d/des/did+动词原形,意为“确实,务必,一定”。例如:He did break the dr.(他确实弄坏了门。)
it的固定搭配:When it cmes t...“当谈到的时候”,其中t是介词;make it“成功做成某事”;as it is “事实上,照原样”;get it“明白了”;put it“叙述,说明”;see t it that,意为“注意,务必,一定要做到”。
(4)动词+it+if / when从句:当enjy, like, dislike, lve, hate, prefer, appreciate等动词后需要接一个if或when引导的从句时,此时需要先在动词后接it作形式宾语。例如:I wuld appreciate it very much if yu wuld help me with it. (如果你能帮助我做这事,我会十分感激。)
考点1 人称代词、物主代词和反身代词
知识1 人称代词
人称代词的句法功能。在句中,人称代词作不同的成分对应其不同的格:
作主语→用主格 作宾语→用宾格 作表语→ 指代主语用主格,指代宾语用宾格
单独使用或放nt后→多用宾格
We all grew up hearing peple tell us t "g ut and get sme fresh air."人们告诉我们"出去呼吸点新鲜空气",我们都是听着这些长大的。[2019全国Ⅰ](主格We作主语,宾格us作tell的宾语)
1.在It 强调句型中,若被强调部分是人称代词,作主语用主格,作宾语用宾格。
►It was we that met him at the schl gate. (主格we作主语)
►It was him that we met at the schl gate.(宾格him作宾语)
2.句中没有谓语动词时,人称代词常用宾格。
►—I'd like t g t climb the muntain this weekend.
—Me,t.
3.当说话者不清楚或没必要知道谈论对象的性别时,常用it来表示。
►What a lvely baby! Is it a by r a girl?
知识2 物主代词
物主代词可分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
1.形容词性物主代词相当于形容词:置于名词之前,作定语,不可单独使用。
►Thse peple are my schlmates.
拓展延伸 含形容词性物主代词的常用结构:
1.形容词性物主代词+wn(+名词) 某人自己的(……)
►I have my wn rm.
►I need a rm f my wn.
2.形容词性物主代词+v-ing,可作主语或宾语
►His being ill made his mther wrried.
2.名词性物主代词相当于"形容词性物主代词+名词":可单独使用(作主语、表语和宾语),也可用"f+名词性物主代词"结构作后置定语。
► Yur bike is black. Mine is red. (=My bike is red.)
►There is smething wrng with my bike. May I use yurs?(= May I use yur bike?)
►Kate went n hliday with a cusin f hers.
知识3 反身代词
1.反身代词可作宾语:常在 enjy, teach, hurt, behave, intrduce(介绍)等动词后作动宾和by, fr, t, in, f等介词后作介宾。
►He is teaching himself English. ►She was talking t herself.
2.反身代词可作同位语:用于加强语气,强调"亲自,本人,亲身"。
►He himself went t the bank.
3.反身代词可作表语:常用于be, feel, lk, seem等系动词后作表语,表示身体或精神状态。
►I'm nt myself tday. ►I am feeling myself again.
归纳总结 含有反身代词的常用短语
1.介词+反身代词:by neself 单独,独自 fr neself 亲自,为自己
in neself 本身,本来 t neself 独自拥有的,独享的
2.动词+反身代词:enjy neself过得愉快 amuse neself自娱 seat neself就座 bast neself自夸 teach neself自学
express neself表达自己 behave neself举止得 hide neself自己藏
dress neself自己穿衣 apply/devte neself t致力于
feel neself觉得身体好 help neself t随便吃/用 lse neself in沉迷于make yurself at hme不拘束 adapt/adjust neself t使自己适应于
考点 2 不定代词
不定代词是高考考查的内容之一,考生一定要注意不定代词在具体语境中的用法。此外,大多数不定代词还可以作限定词(两者在用法上基本是相通的)。下面具体讲解一下常见的不定代词的用法。
知识1 either, bth, neither, all, nne, any
►There are tw ways leading t the wds. Either seems (=Bth seem) t be passable. 有两条路通往森林,任何一条/两条似乎都走得通。
►Neither f the tw cars is mine.这两辆汽车都不是我的。
►All f the fd has gne.所有食物都没了。
►Nne f the mney is mine.钱都不是我的。
►Mr. Smith refused t accept any f the three suggestins.史密斯先生拒绝接受三条建议中的任何一条。
知识 2 the ther, anther, the thers, thers
1.the ther还可作定语修饰可数名词,修饰可数名词复数时,表示"其余全部的"。如:
the ther bk另一本书 the ther bks其余的书
2.anther也可作定语,后可跟"基数词/few(+可数名词复数)",表示"另外的……"。"anther+基数词+可数名词复数"相当于"基数词+mre+可数名词复数"。
►I have been here fr tw weeks and I will stay here fr anther three weeks (=three mre weeks).
知识3 nne, nbdy/n ne, nthing
►—Hw much mney d yu have?你有多少钱?
—Nne.一点也没有。
►—Wh is in the rm?谁在屋里? —N ne/Nbdy.没有人。
►—What are yu ding nw?你现在在做什么?
—Nthing.什么也没有做。
对"sme/any/every+名词"进行全部否定的词是nne;
smene/smebdy/everyne/everybdy/anyne/anybdy进行全部否定的词是nbdy/n ne;
对smething/anything/everything 进行全部否定的词是nthing。
►If I had sme mney, I wuld lend him, but unfrtunately, I have nne.如果我有些钱的话,我会借给他,但不幸的是,我一点钱也没有。
1.nne作主语时谓语动词的单复数
指代不可数名词→单数 指代可数名词复数时→单、复数均可
►We had three cats nce — nne is/are alive 可与f连用,作主语时谓语动词的单复数
nne f +不可数名词→单数形式 nne f +可数名词复数→单、复数均可
►Nne f the telephnes is/are wrking.
知识 4 many,much,(a)few,(a)little
many,much,(a)few,(a)little既可作代词,又可作限定词,总结如下:
(注意:nt a little,quite a little相当于much;nt a few,quite a few相当于many)
►Many wanted t change their life in the twn.
►Yu have a lt f free time, but I dn't have much
►A lt f guests were invited, but few came.
►If yu have any spare milk, culd yu give me a little?
知识 5 sme和any
sme常用于肯定句,any则常用于否定句和疑问句。
►Sme f the milk has gne bad.
►I need sme stamps. Are there any in yur bag?
特别提醒 any还可用于肯定句,表示"任一"。
►I'll take any yu dn't want.
sme和any均可作限定词,修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词。
1.sme常用于肯定句,any常用于否定句和疑问句。
►There's still sme wine in the bttle.
►Are there any meat? I didn't eat any meat.
2.sme也可用于疑问句。若疑问句表示请求、建议或邀请,或期望得到对方肯定的答复,用sme,不用any。
►May I ask yu sme questins? (请求)
►Wuld yu like sme cffee? (邀请)
【注意】 sme和any均可修饰可数名词单数。
(1)"sme+可数名词单数"表示"某一……"。
►Jhn, sme student is waiting fr yu dwnstairs.
(2)"any+可数名词单数"表示"任一……"。
►Take any bk yu like.
知识6 each
1.each可直接作主语,也可接“f+名词复数”作主语,此时,谓语动词用单数。
►Each (f the students) has a dictinary.
2.each可作同位语,放在主语(复数)后,谓语动词用复数。
►They each have a dictinary.
拓展延伸 each还可作限定词,修饰可数名词单数,常与every进行区别辨析:
each指 “两者或两者以上中的每一个”, 强调个体
every指 “三者或三者以上中的每一个”, 强调全体,相当于all
►There are lts f flwers n each side f the rad. 路两边有许多花。
►She knws every student in the schl. 她认识学校里的每一个学生。
知识 1.常见的复合不定代词
2.复合不定代词的基本用法
(1)复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。
►Everyne knws this.
(2)当形容词修饰复合不定代词时,形容词通常后置。
►There's smething wrng with the TV.
知识8 不定代词构成的固定搭配
anything but 决不,根本不 nthing but 仅仅,只有
nne but=nly仅仅,只有 all but几乎,差不多; 除……外全部
anybdy/everybdy but除……外的任何人
nt anything=nthing没有什么(表示全部否定)
nt everything并非每件东西(表示部分否定)
nt much f a...不是很好,不怎么样
smething ……诸如此类的什么
smething like... 有点像……,大概……,大约……
smething r ther 一件什么东西(事情)
smething f a... 有些……,有几分……
►He is anything but a clerk.他根本不是一名职员。
►He is a scientist r smething.他是科学家之类的人物。
►I have smething like 20 dllars in cash.我大概有20美元现金。
►His life is smething f a mystery. 他的生活有几分神秘。
考点 3 替代词和指示代词
知识1 替代词ne, the ne, that, it
In Canada,the tipping situatin is very similar t _______ f the US.
分析语境及句子结构,尤其是空后的介词短语f the US,可知此处用that替代前面提到的the tipping situatin,表示同类事物。故填that。
The Chinese have knwn abut the benefits f green tea since ancient times, and they use _______ t treat varius diseases such as headaches and depressin.
句意:自古以来中国人就知道绿茶的好处,并用绿茶来治疗各种疾病,如头痛和抑郁症。此处指代的是前面提到的green tea,故用it。
知识2 指示代词this, that, these, thse
1.指代前面提到过的事物,常用that或thse,起"承上"的作用;指代将要提及的事物,常用this或these,起"启下"的作用。
►He was ill.That's why he didn't cme.
►What d yu think f this? Jack brke my camera,but he refused t pay fr the repairs.(此句中this指代下文将要提到的事物,不能换成that)
2.在打电话时,用this来介绍自己,用that来询问对方。
►Hell. This is Tm. Wh is that speaking?
3.含有this, that的习惯用法。
this and that 这样那样,各种事情
that is (t say) 也就是说
Is that s?真的是这样吗?
That’s all. 就这些。
That’s it. 好了。
That’s enugh. 够了。
知识3 指示代词such和the same
1.such指代如前所述的那样的人或事物。
►Such is Albert Einstein, a simple man with great achievements.这就是阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦,一个简朴而又成就卓越的人。
2.the same指同样的人或事物。
►The same happened nce.同样的事情曾经发生过。
难点1 it的用法
1.it作形式主语
it可以作形式主语,而把真正的主语后置。常用it作形式主语的句型有:
(1)It+be+adj.+(fr sb.) t d sth.常用于此句型的形容词有:easy, difficult, hard, necessary, unnecessary, pssible等。
►It is necessary t change yur jb.
(2)It takes/tk sb.+一段时间+t d sth.
表示"做某事花费某人多长时间"。
►It tk us half an hur t get t the twn.
(3)It+be+adj.+f sb. t d sth. 此句型中的形容词通常描述人的性格、品质等。常用于该句型的形容词有: kind, nice, wise, silly, plite, implite, friendly, flish, clever等。
►It is friendly f the family t try t make me feel at hme.(4)It+be+n.+(fr sb./sth.)t d sth.常用于此句型的名词(短语)有: pity, shame, pleasure, fun, jy, gd/bad manners等。
►It is bad manners fr the yung t take up the seats fr the ld.
(5)It+be+adj./n.+ding sth.常用于此句型的形容词和名词(短语)有: useless, fun, n/little use, n/much gd等。
►It's n use crying ver spilt milk.为打翻的牛奶哭泣是没有用的。(覆水难收,悔恨无益。)
(6)It+be+adj./n.+主语从句.在"It is necessary/imprtant+that从句"中,从句的谓语常用"shuld+动词原形",且shuld可以省略。
►It's necessary and imprtant that ne shuld master the skills f perating cmputers.
(7)It+be+过去分词+that从句.say, reprt, think, believe, hpe, expect, agree, accept, decide, intend, plan, understand, knw, demand, request, require, rder, suggest, advise, recmmend等动词的过去分词常用于此句型。
►It is reprted that anther satellite has been in rbit.
特别提醒 在"It's suggested/advised/ rdered/ requested/ insisted(坚决要求)/required/demanded+that从句"中,从句要用虚拟语气,即从句谓语要用"shuld+动词原形",shuld可省略。
(8)It makes n difference/desn't matter+主语从句.
►It makes n difference t me whether yu g r nt.你去或不去对我来说无所谓。
(9)It seems/appears/happens+that从句.
►It seemed that she had made sme mistakes in the design f the machine.她好像在机器的设计上出了一些错误。
2.it作形式宾语
(1)当宾语是动词-ing、动词不定式或that从句,且其后有宾语补足语时,为了保持句子结构的平衡,通常用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语置于句末。常用结构是:find/feel/think/believe/cnsider/make等+it+宾
补+动词-ing/动词不定式/that从句。
►I feel it hard t climb the muntain.
►We find it useless waiting here all the time.
(2)某些及物动词(短语)后不能直接跟从句。此时应先用it作形式宾语,然后接宾语从句。常用结构是:hate/like/appreciate/depend n
等+it+从句。
►I wuld appreciate it if yu paid in cash.
►Yu may depend n it that all the gds will be shipped abrad in time.
3.it构成强调句(It is/was…that/wh…)
►It was I that/wh tld him abut it.是我告诉他这件事的。
(it构成强调句型的具体用法详见"强调句型")
4.it的特殊用法
(1)it指天气、时间、环境、距离等
►It is a lvely day tday, isn't it?
►It was nearly midnight when she came back.
►It was very quiet in the cafe.
►It is half an hur's walk t the city centre.
(2)含有it的固定结构
as it is事实上 as sb. puts it 正如某人所说
It depends.视情况而定。 Dn't mentin it.不客气。
Take it easy.别紧张。 believe it r nt 信不信由你
see t it that…确保…… make it 成功,做到
mean it说话算数 can't help it无能为力
call it a day到此为止 g fr it 大胆试一试
take it fr granted that…认为……是理所当然的
(3)it可以用来替代整个句子或句中谓语部分所表示的意思。
►Mrs. Andersn is already past fifty, but she desn't lk it.安德逊夫人已经年过五十,可是看上去不像。
难点2 it构成的几个易混淆的句型
1.It+be+时间段+since引导的状语从句 "自……以来已多久了"。
表示现在的情况时,主句多用一般现在时或现在完成时,从句多用一般过去时;表示过去的情况时,主句用一般过去时,从句用过去完成时。
►It is three years since his father passed away.
►It was 10 years since they had married.
2.It+be+时间段+befre引导的状语从句 过了...才...
该句型中的"时间段"一般为sme time,…years,…mnths,…weeks, …days, …hurs, …minutes等。
主句可用一般过去时或一般将来时(will be):若主句用一般过去时,befre从句用一般过去时;若主句用一般将来时,befre从句常用一般现在时。
►It was sme time befre I knew the truth.过了一段时间我才了解到真相。
►It will be many years befre the situatin imprves.这种状况要过许多年才能得到改善。
3.It+be+时间点+when引导的状语从句
该句型中, it 指时间,而且表示时间点的词语前没有介词(时间一般为具体时间)。主句的谓语动词和从句的谓语动词在时态上一般是一致的,但若主句用将来时,从句常用一般现在时代替将来时。
►It was already 8 'clck when we gt hme.
►It will be next mrning when we finish ur wrk.
4.It+be+ (high/abut) time+ (that)引导的从句 "是做……的时候了"。从句要用虚拟语气,即从句的谓语动词用过去式(be动词用were)或"shuld+动词原形", shuld不可省略。
►It is high time (that) she called her mther.
5.It+be+the first/secnd/third…time+(that)引导的从句
"这/那是某人第几次做某事"。
►It was the fifth time (that) he had paid a friendly visit t Africa.
难点3 部分否定与全部否定
1.n ne, nne, nbdy, nthing以及"n+名词"等都表示全部否定。
►Nne f us was ging t the party.我们当中没人打算去参加那个聚会。
2.当nt与不定代词all, bth, everyne, everybdy, everything等或"every+名词"连用时,不管nt在它们之前还是之后,都表示部分否定。此外,nt与总括性副词(如everywhere, always, whlly, altgether等)连用时也表示部分否定。
►Nt all f them smke.=All f them dn't smke.
►Such a thing can't be fund everywhere.
真题训练:
1.(2023年新高考Ⅰ卷·62) Nanxiang aside, the best Xia lng ba have a fine skin, allwing them 61 (t be lifted) ut f the steamer basket withut allwing them tearing r spilling any f ____62____ (they) cntents.
2. (2022年全国乙卷·70) The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was fficially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremny, pening _____ (it) first exhibitin: The Avenue f Truth—A Special Exhibitin f Pu’er Tea.
3. (2021年新高考Ⅰ卷·64) As the sng ges, this lng and winding rad “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitr’s memry. It sure des in ______ (I).
4. (2021年全国乙卷·63) Ecturism has ____ (it) rigin with the envirnmental mvement f the 1970s.
5. (2020年全国Ⅰ卷·70) Data abut the mn’s cmpsitin culd help China decide whether ____ (it) plans fr a future lunar(月球的) base are practical.
6. (2018年全国Ⅰ卷·70) If yu are time pr, yu need run fr nly half the time t get the same benefits as ther sprts, s perhaps we shuld all give ____________ a try.
7. (2018年全国Ⅲ卷·68) When the grillas and I frightened each ther, I was just glad t find ______ (they) alive.
8. (2017全国Ⅱ卷·67) Hwever, the railway quickly prved t be a great success and within six mnths, mre than 25,000 peple were using ____ every day.
9. (2014全国II卷·69) Then the driver std up and asked, “Did anyne lse a suitcase at the last stp?”A wman n the bus shuted,“Oh dear! It’s _________(I).”She pushed her way t the driver and tk the suitcase thankfully.
思路点拨:
从近几年的高考真题来看,若要求考生填物主代词、宾格代词、反身代词等时,命题人通常会给出其基本形式——人称代词的主格;若题目本身要求考生填代词本身,如主格人称代词it,或sme, any, anther, bth等不定代词,是不给提示词的。
1. 当括号中所给词是人称代词时,可能是填以下形式:
(1) 宾格形式:在句中作宾语或表语。
(2) 形容词性物主代词:在名词前作定语。
(3) 名词性物主代词:作主语、宾语或表语。
(4) 也可能是反身代词。
2. 在纯空格题中:
(1) 句子缺宾语时,到目前为止,高考只要求考生填it,即“宾语位置填it”,来指代前文提到的物或事。
以下两点到目前为止全国卷暂未考过。尽管今后考查的可能性也不大,但还是建议考生了解:
(2)句子缺主语时,可能填:① 人称代词主格;② 不定代词;③ it,包括用作形式主语的it,替代后面作真正主语的不定式、动名词或从句。如:
Behind him were ther peple t whm he was trying t talk, but after sme minutes _______ walked away and sat near me,lking annyed.
解析:因but后的并列句中缺主语,故应填代词;根据语境,不难推出走开坐到“我”附近的应是他后面的那些人,即ther peple,指人,是复数,且作主语,应当填they。
因为充当主语或宾语的应是名词或代词,而在语法填空的纯空格题中一般是不要求考生填名词的,所以只要句子缺主语或宾语,就该填代词。此时,要根据前后语境, 看该空格是指人还是事物,指男还是指女,是单数还是复数。
空格后是名词,即名词前需要填限定词时,可能是填不定代词。如:
The yung man went hme with a happy heart. After the student left, the teacher let _________ student taste the water.
解析:空格后是名词student,且为单数,作let的宾语,故应填限定词;由句意“在送水的这个学生走了之后,这位老师让他的另外一个学生尝一尝”可知填anther。
考点归纳:
1.人称代词主格有I, yu, he, she, it, we, yu, they等,在句中只能作主语用。一般在纯空格题中考查。
2.人称代词宾格有me, yu, him, her, it, us, yu, them等,在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语。
3. 形容词性物主代词有my, yur, his, her, its, ur, yur, their等,在句中只能作定语。
4. 名词性物主代词有mine, yurs, his, hers, its, urs, yurs, theirs等,相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”, 在句中可以作主语、宾语或表语。
5. 反身代词有myself, yurself, himself, herself, itself, urselves, yurselves, themselves等,在句中作宾语,或者主语或宾语的同位语。
6. it可以指代前面提到的物,或猜测中不确定的人,或指时间、 距离、 环境、 天气等,还可作形式主语或形式宾语,或用于强调结构。
考点练透:
1. After what seemed t be a hundred years, I fund my audience applauding—I made ____! Frm then n, my fear f talking befre an audience disappeared.
2. As yu lie in bed, tense the muscles in yur feet and then relax _______ (they).
3. The students returned t schl with a sense f achievement, a feeling that _______ helped peple in need.
4.The by yu saw was ______ image. This shuld teach yu an imprtant lessn, my sn.
5. Finally I fund that she was trying t ask me whether I had an extra pen. She shwed me that ______ (her) was ut f ink and wuld nt write.
6.I wuld appreciate________if yu culd allw me t relate a persnal anecdte.
7. I thught that schl in China was t hard fr ____ (we) students, and that we didn’t get t d enugh fun exercise except running arund playgrunds tgether.
8. Hwever, befre I gt n the bike, I felt extremely nervus and I was afraid that I wuld fall ff and hurt ________ (me).
9.The frzen parts f the city als make ___ easier fr residents t skate arund.
10. Nw it ccurred t _____ (he) that his farm had much ptential and that the death f the cw was a bit f luck.
11. It is said that a shrt-tempered man in the Sng Dynasty (960~1279) was very anxius t help ____ (he) rice crp grw up quickly.
12. I wanted t reward the ld wman fr the truble I had caused _____ (she).
13.The man distinguished _________ (he) by his wisdm.
14. I had an amazing cnversatin with the man wh sat next t me, which made ______ f us feel gd.
15. Jane was walking rund the department stre. She remembered hw difficult ___ was t chse a suitable Christmas present fr her father.
16.He had a gd disguise (伪装), but as sn as he spke he betrayed ________ (he).
17. I had nticed three hens running free in my hstess’s curtyard and that night ne f them ended up in a dish n my table. _____________ villagers brught me gat’s cheese and hney.
18.He really felt ________ an hnur t win the champinship in the internatinal cmpetitin.
19. They lived mstly n vegetables frm ______ (they) garden.
20. She said t _________ (she) that the idea was absurd.
21. A study shws the students wh are engaged in after-schl activities are happier than _________ wh are nt.
22.When interacting with thers, peple shuld put ________ (they) in the ther persn’s psitin, regarding it as a cde f cnduct t live harmniusly with thers.
23. Yur phts are lvely. D yu want t see sme f ______ (ur)?
24. He can’t sell the huse. It isn’t _____ (he); it’s mine.
25. She wre ______(she) diamnds t the party.
26.Hwever, dangerus cnditins and damaged rads will make________ difficult t deliver fd and supplies.
27.Yu are a team star!Wrking with _____ is really yur cup f tea.
28.She tk ________ fr granted that he wuld fllw her.
29.The cmputers in yur ffice are mre expensive than________ in ur schl
30.The research grup prduced tw reprts based n the survey,but ____ cntained any useful suggestins.
31.The cst f renting a huse in central Xi'an is higher than _____ in any ther area f the city.
32.They are calmer and____(they)md imprves.
33.Recycling is ne way t prtect the envirnment; reusing is ____.
34.When parents bring hme a pet, their child gladly bathes __ and brushes its fur.
35.She remembered hw difficult____was t chse a suitable Christmas present fr her father.
36.I had t raise my vice t make ____ heard in the nisy crwd.
37.Cultural shck is a feeling which mst travelers experience in a freign cuntry where they find the culture is quite different frm that f __ wn.
38.T her jy, Della earned first the trust f her students and then ____f her clleagues.
39.The ship buffeted__________ (it) way thrugh the waves.
40.Despite his serius illness, the ld man had lst _____ f his enthusiasm fr life.
41.He gt a new haircut and gt ________ up in a suit, then headed fr the hall.
目录
一
命题规律
人称代词分主格和宾格、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词it的用法
二
备考策略
人称代词、物主代词和反身代词,不定代词,替代词和指示代词
三
基本知识
人称代词、物主代词和反身代词、不定代词,替代词和指示代词
四
真题训练
近几年的高考真题要求考生填物主代词、宾格代词、反身代词
五
思路点拨
若要求考生填物主代词、宾格代词、反身代词等时,命题人通常会给出其基本形式——人称代词的主格;若题目本身要求考生填代词本身,如主格人称代词it,或sme, any, anther, bth等不定代词,是不给提示词的。
六
考点归纳
人称代词主格2.人称代词宾格3. 形容词性物主代词4. 名词性物主代词5. 反身代词6. it可以指代前面提到的物,或猜测中不确定的人,或指时间、 距离、 环境、 天气等,还可作形式主语或形式宾语,或用于强调结构。
七
考点练透
再次巩固所掌握的知识点体系并能灵活应用
代词
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
单数
复数
单数
复数
单数
复数
人称代词主格
I
we
yu
yu
he she it
they
人称代词宾格
me
us
yu
yu
him her it
them
形容词性物主代词
my
ur
yur
yur
his her its
their
名词性物主代词
mine
urs
yurs
yurs
his hers its
theirs
反身代词
myself
urselves
yurself
yurselves
himself herself itself
themselves
either
肯定意义
表示“两者中的一个”,作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式。
bth
肯定意义
表示“两者都”,作主语时,谓语动词常用复数形式。
neither
否定意义
表示“两者都不”,作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式。
all
肯定意义
作主语时,谓语动词的人称和数应与all所指代的人或事物保持一致。
nne
否定意义
作主语后接复数名词时,谓语动词可用单数也可用复数;后接不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式。
any
肯定意义
作主语时,谓语动词的数要根据其代指的名词确定,常与f连用。
the ther
指“两者中的另一个”,常与ne连用,构成 ther ...结构,意为“一个……另一个……”;作定语修饰复数名词时,表示“全部其余的”。
ther
不能单独使用,只能修饰名词,表示泛指意义。
anther
可单独使用,也可修饰名词,泛指三者或三者以上的人或物中的“另一个”,代替或修饰单数可数名词。另外,anther后可接“基数词/few+复数名词”形式,表示“另外的……”。
thers
单独使用,表示泛指意义,意为“其他的人或事物”,常与sme一起出现;特指“其他的全部人或事物”时用the thers。
nne
既可指人也可指物,多与表示范围的介词f连用;与数量有关,可回答hw many或hw much类的问句,表示“一个也没有”。
nbdy/
n ne
不能与f连用,只能指人,表示“什么人也没有”,可回答wh引导的疑问句。
nthing
表示“什么也没有”,用来否定一切,可回答what引导的疑问句。
含义
替代或修饰名词复数
替代或修饰不可数名词
表示"多"
many
much
表示"少"
few
little
表示"肯定"
a few
a little
表示"否定"
few
little
某
任何
每个,所有
没有
人
smene
smebdy
anyne
anybdy
everyne
everybdy
n ne
nbdy
物
smething
anything
everything
nthing
it
特指前面提到过的同一个人或物
that/thse
that指代前面出现过的不可数名词或单数可数名词,指代单数可数名词时,相当于the ne。其复数形式为thse,相当于the nes。
ne/nes
ne指代前面出现过的那类事物中的“一个”,其复数形式为nes。
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