新高考英语一轮复习语法填空专题08 词性转换（2份打包，原卷版+解析版）

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命题规律：
名词在句中常作主语、宾语、表语或定语等，动词作谓语与非谓语，形容词作表语、定语，副词作状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子；根据标志词及语境来确定比较等级；根据名词前的数词、量词、冠词等修饰语以及主谓一致原则来确定名词的单复数。
备考策略：
第一步：确定是否考查词形转换
提示词为形容词、副词、名词或代词时，首先要考虑词形转换；提示词为动词，且该动词在句中既不作谓语，也不作非谓语，则要考虑动词词形转换。
第二步：确定转换形式
根据句式结构以及设空处所作成分进一步分析，最终确定正确的词形转换形式。
基本知识：
技法1 提示词为动词的词形转换
提示词为动词，如果既不是谓语动词，也不是非谓语动词，则考虑动词词形转换。动词是转换成名词还是形容词，则根据句式结构以及空处所作成分进一步分析。
1.动词转换为名词
(1)v.＋-in/-tin/-atin/-sin转换为名词，表示“状态或行为”
celebrate→celebratin 庆祝
cmpete→cmpetitin 比赛
pllute→pllutin 污染
educate→educatin 教育
pssess→pssessin 拥有
(2)v.＋-ment转换为名词，表示“行为或结果”
develp→develpment 发展
annunce→annuncement 宣布
argue→argument 争论；论据
encurage→encuragement 鼓励
(3)v.＋-r/-er/-r转换为名词，表示“人”
perfrm→perfrmer 表演者
settle→settler 移民者
educate→educatr 教育家
direct→directr 导演
visit→visitr 访问者
(4)v.＋-ure转换为名词
fail→failure失败; mix→mixture混合；
press→pressure压; depart→departure分离
(5)后缀-th结尾的名词
grw→grwth生长 die→death 死
deep→depth深 wide→width 宽
warm→warmth温暖 true→truth 真实
(6)后缀-ance/-ence结尾的名词
exist→existence 存在 guide→guidance指导
(7)后缀-al结尾的名词
arrive→arrival到达 apprve→apprval 赞成
survive→survival 活了下来
2.动词转换为形容词
(1)v.＋-able转换为形容词
accept→acceptable 可接受的
adapt→adaptable 能适应的
adjust→adjustable 可调节的
affrd→affrdable 负担得起的
(2)v.＋-ed/-ing转换为形容词
cnfuse→cnfused 感到困惑的
wrry→wrried 担心的
excite→exciting 令人激动的；令人兴奋的
(3)v.＋-ive转换为形容词
impress→impressive 给人深刻印象的
instruct→instructive 有教育意义的
(4)v.＋-ful/-less转换为形容词
dubt→dubtful 怀疑的
frget→frgetful 健忘的
thank→thankful 感激的
hpe→hpeless 不抱希望的
技法2 提示词为名词的词形转换
1.名词的单复数
若提示词名词有以下情况时要考虑名词的复数：
(1)有数词或these、 thse、 several、 few、 many、 all、 bth、 varius、 different等词修饰时，用名词的复数形式；
(2)名词前有ne f时，用名词的复数形式；
(3)若谓语动词是复数形式，则空处应用名词的复数形式。
2.名词变复数的规则
(1)大部分单数可数名词变为复数一般直接加s；如果是以ch、 sh、 s、 x等结尾的单词，则一般加es：trees、 bikes、 bks、 buses、 watches、 bxes、 bushes；
(2)辅音字母＋y结尾的单词，变y为i再加es；但元音字母＋y结尾的单词，则直接加s：babies、 families、 bys、 plays；
(3)以结尾的单词除了两人(negr、 her)、两菜(tmat、 ptat)加es外，其余一般加s：radis、 phts；
(4)以f或fe结尾的单词，通常变f、 fe为v再加es：wives、 knives、 wlves；
(5)特殊变化：man→men、 wman→wmen、 tth→teeth、 ft→feet、 child→children、 muse→mice；
(6)单复数同形： Chinese、 Japanese、 peple、 sheep、 deer、 fish。
3.名词转换为形容词
提示词为名词，如果作定语修饰后面的名词时，则一般考查名词变形容词。注意名词变形容词的后缀：
(1)n.＋-able
hnr→hnrable 可敬的
(2)n.＋-al
nature→natural 自然的；天生的
music→musical 音乐的；悦耳的
(3)n.＋-ful
clur→clurful 颜色鲜艳的
meaning→meaningful有意义的
(4)n.＋-en：wd→wden 木质的
(5)n.＋-y：wealth→wealthy 富有的
4.名词的所有格
提示词与其后的名词是所属关系， 应考虑名词的所有格。
(1)单数名词和不以-s结尾的复数名词通常在词尾加's；
(2)以-s或-es结尾的复数名词，通常在词尾加'。
技法3 提示词为形容词、副词的词形转换
1.形容词、副词的词形转换
(1)分析句子结构发现提示词是形容词且需要改变词性时，应考虑用派生的副词或名词；
(2)若空处作定语、表语则应考虑用形容词形式；
(3)若空处修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句，则应考虑用副词形式；
(4)若空处在介词后，应考虑用名词作宾语。
2.形容词变副词的规则
(1)以-e结尾的形容词一般不去e，直接加-ly：immediate→immediately, brave→bravely。
(2)一些以-e结尾的形容词去e加-(l)y：true→truly, simple→simply, gentle→gently, pssible→pssibly。
(3)“辅音字母＋-y”结尾，变y为i，再加-ly：happy→happily, easy→easily。
(4)以-ic结尾的形容词加-ally：ecnmic→ecnmically, basic→basically。
3.形容词、副词转换为比较级、最高级
(1)利用标志词确定比较等级
①题目中有much、 far、 still、 even、 rather、 a little、 a bit、 a lt、 a great deal、 than等标志性词汇时用比较级；
②空后有表示范围的标志词in、 f、 amng等时用最高级；
③空前有ne f the等修饰词时，用最高级。
(2)利用固定句型
“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”表示“越……，就越……”。
(3)利用隐含信息判断
句中虽没有标志词，但暗含比较，也需要用比较级或最高级。
技法4 提示词为代词的词形转换
提示词为代词，当句子缺少主语、宾语、定语或表语时，一般填代词；确定填代词之后，再看空处所填代词是否与上文提到的人或物有指代关系。具体方法如下：
(1)分析句子结构发现提示词作主语，应考虑人称代词的主格形式；
(2)分析句子结构发现提示词作宾语，应考虑人称代词的宾格形式；
(3)分析句子结构发现提示词作定语，应考虑形容词性物主代词；
(4)分析句子结构发现提示词作动词或介词的宾语，且和主语是同一人时，应考虑反身代词。
一、人称代词、物主代词和反身代词一览表
二、牢记代词的句法功能
1．作主语：人称代词主格。
2．作宾语/表语：人称代词宾格和名词性物主代词。
3．作定语：形容词性物主代词。
4．如果宾语与主语是指同一人，用反身代词。
5．填it的情况：作形式主语或形式宾语；指代前面提到的同一个事物或情况。
6．that、 thse作替代词，用来代替已提到的名词，以避免重复。
技法5 提示词为数词的词形转换
1.基数词变序数词
(1)一般由基数词加-th构成：
six→sixth seven→seventh
ten→tenth hundred→hundredth
(2)以y结尾的基数词，先把y变为ie，再加-th：
twenty→twentieth thirty→thirtieth
(3)不规则变化：
ne→first tw→secnd
three→third five→fifth
eight→eighth nine→ninth
twelve→twelfth2.年龄、年代表达法
(1)表达“在某人几十多岁”时，用“in ne's＋整十基数词的复数”，如：in ne's fifties 在某人五十多岁时；
(2)表达“在几十年代时”，用“in the＋整十基数词的复数”，如：in the thirties 在三十年代。
真题训练：
1.(2023年新高考Ⅰ卷·56) Xia lng ba (sup dumplings)， thse amazing cnstructins f delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing ht, ____56____ (taste) sup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favrite Chinese street fd.
2.(2023年新高考Ⅰ卷·64) N matter where I buy them, ne steamer is ____64____ (rare) enugh, yet tw seems greedy, s I am always left wanting mre next time.
3.(2023年新高考Ⅱ卷·57) I have been helping the panda keepers at the z t feel mre cmfrtable and ___57___ (cnfidence) speaking English.
4.(2023年新高考Ⅱ卷·63) ___63___ (basic), hw t describe a panda’s life. It’s been an hnr t watch the panda prgramme develp and t see the pandas settle int their new hme.
5.(2023年全国甲卷·62) Fables were part f the ral traditin f many early cultures, and the well-knwn Aesp’s fables date t the ___62___ (six) century, B. C. Yet, the frm f the fable still has values tday, as Rachel Carsn says in “A Fable fr Tmrrw.”
6.(2023年全国甲卷·67) ___67___ (difference) frm traditinal fables, Carsn’s stry ends with an accusatin instead f a mral.
7.(2023年全国甲卷·69) Hwever, Carsn’s theme is a mre weighty ___69___ (warn) abut envirnmental destructin.
8.(2023年全国乙卷·69) The ____69____ (remark) develpment f this city, which is cnsciusly designed t prtect the past while stepping int the mdern wrld, means there is always smething new t discver here, and I culd be phtgraphing Beijing fr the next 50 years.
9. (2022年新高考Ⅰ卷·63) The GPNP’s main gal is t imprve cnnectivity between separate ppulatins and hmes f giant pandas, and _____________ (eventual) achieve a desired level f ppulatin in the wild.
10. (2022年新高考Ⅱ卷·58) Mrs. Brwn was at wrk and Eric was at hme with his father. They bth fell ________ (sleep) while watching TV.
11. (2022年新高考Ⅱ卷·60) When he lked dwn, he _____________ (accidental) slipped and fell ver the edge.
12. (2022年全国甲卷·66) Ca believes this will make the hiking trip even mre ___________ (meaning).
13. (2022年全国乙卷·65) China has a ______________ (respnsible) t wrk with ther cuntries t prmte the healthy develpment f the tea industry.
14. (2021年新高考Ⅰ卷·58) The ht spring at the ft f the muntain is smething yu must try after the climb. It will ______________ (undubted) help yu get refreshed!
15. (2021年新高考Ⅱ卷·61) I tld him hw _________ (harm) plastic culd be t the envirnment and asked him t cnsider using mre ec-friendly ptins.
16. (2021年新高考Ⅱ卷·64) A cmpany _____________ (represent) wrte back and tld me the airline was switching ver frm plastic t paper cups n all f its 1,200 daily flights.
17. (2021年全国甲卷·50) …we stpped at the different gates and watchtwers t take pictures r just t watch the lcal peple ging abut their _______ (day) rutines.
18. (2021年全国乙卷·62) … (I) ften prvides mney fr cnservatin and benefits the ________________ (develp) f the lcal areas.
19. (2021年全国乙卷·68) Prvide _________ (finance) aid and ther benefits fr lcal peples.
20. (2020年全国Ⅰ卷·64) The far side f the mn is f particular ________ (interesting) t scientists because it has a lt f deep craters (环形山), mre s than the familiar near side.
21. (2020年全国Ⅰ卷·62) Landing n the mn’s far side is ___________ (extreme) challenging.
22. (2020年全国Ⅱ卷·61) Chinese New Year is a _____________ (celebrate) marking the end f the winter seasn and the beginning f spring.
23. (2020年全国Ⅱ卷·66) ___________ (certain) during the hliday perid, this plant is a must.
24. (2020年全国Ⅱ卷·69) The __________ (beauty) lng branches cvered with pink-clred buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decratins.
25. (2020年全国Ⅲ卷·64) Filled with _________ (curius), the artist packed his bags and left.
26. (2020年全国Ⅲ卷·68) As the small bat mved ______ (gentle) alng the river he was left speechless by the muntains being silently reflected in the water.
27. (2019年全国Ⅱ卷·70) But then we gt an fficial letter and we were blwn away. We are s prud f her. It’s ___________ (wnder).
28. (2018年全国Ⅰ卷·68) T avid knee pain, yu can run n sft surfaces, d exercises t _____________ (strength) yur leg muscles (肌肉), avid hills and get gd running shes.
29. (2018年全国Ⅱ卷·66) This switch has decreased _________ (pllute) in the cuntry’s majr lakes and reservirs and made drinking water safer fr peple.
【解析】作动词decreased的宾语，用名词，故填pllutin。
30. (2018年全国Ⅲ卷·66) My name is Mireya Mayr. I’m a __________ (science) wh studies animals such as apes and mnkeys.
31. (2017全国Ⅱ卷·69) This develpment was nly pssible with the _______________ (intrduce) f electric-pwered engines and lifts.
32. (2017全国Ⅱ卷·70) The Central Lndn Railway was ne f the mst ____________ (success) f these new lines, and was pened in 1900.
思路点拨:
当空格处所需词类与括号中所给词的词类不同时, 就需要词类转换。这类题一般可根据以下五点顺利解决：
1. 作主语或宾语用名词形式。
2. 在形容词性物主代词、冠词(+形容词)、不定代词(sme, any, a lt f等)、介词后还没有名词时，就用名词形式。
3. 作定语、表语或补足语用形容词形式。
4. 作状语，修饰动词、形容词或另一副词，或修饰全句，用副词。
5. 当所给词的词性与空格处所需词的词性相同时，无需改变词性，而可能是只加上改变词义但不改变词性的前缀或后缀，也可能用其比较级或最高级。如：
In Alaska, the wlf almst ______________ (appear) a few years ag, because hunters were killing hundreds f them fr sprt.
【解析】主句缺谓语, 应填动词，而appear本身就是动词，无需作词性变化，可考虑变词义；由because从句可知，主句意思应是 “狼在几年前就差不多消失了”， 要用disappear；再由a few years ag可知，要用一般过去时，故填disappeared。
注意： 解题时，既要根据句子结构需要确定词类，又要考虑句意连贯或逻辑通顺。如：
He failed his maths examinatin because f his _________ (care) wrk.
【解析】 在名词前作定语，要用形容词；由failed…可知，要填表示否定意义的“careless” (粗心大
意的)，意义才通顺, 故填careless。
考点归纳:
课标词的派生词是不算生词的，也不用中文注明，因此，掌握基本的构词法知识非常重要。
从近五年全国卷的语法填空来看，词类转换主要考查了以下6点：
1. 形容词→副词。
2. 名词→形容词。
3. 动词→名词。
4. 形容词→名词。
5. 名词→动词。
6. 名词→名词(人)。
现将主要考点归纳如下：
1. 形容词→副词 (高频考点)
2.名词与形容词的转换
3. 动词→名词
4. 名词/形容词→动词
5. 动词/名词→表示人的名词
6. 动词与形容词的转换4. 名词/形容词→动词5. 动词/名词→表示人的名词
7. 表示否定的前缀与后缀
考点练透：
1. “N, sir. Yu must als start preparing fr the winter if yu want t have enugh t eat,” the ant said ___________ (serius).
2. Brazilian fficials__________ (sincere) hpe hsting the games will imprve life in Brazil.
3. It must take place in a _____________ (care) cntrlled envirnment, under the guidance f yur dctr.
4. Hwever, befre I gt n the bike, I felt _________ (extreme) nervus and I was afraid that I wuld fall ff …
5. Yu can imagine hw ________ (terrible) shy I was with s many eyes fixed upn me.
6. ___________ ( bvius), a gd habit can help us t speed up t reach ur destinatins.
7. If yu always g t bed and get up at abut the same time, this will set a ________ (health) rhythm in yur life.
8. My classmates attended _________ (vary) events such as running, high jump and lng jump.
9. I culdn’t imagine what it is like t lse yur hme and everything that yu knw and the ___________ (pwer) effect the hurricane had n thse peple.
10. We can start the habit by writing summaries and remember t recrd smething ___________ (impress) and meaningful.
11. I heard that listening t classical music is ________ (help) in reducing stress.
12. Sme think it is _____________ (cnvenience) t get in tuch with thers with the cell-phne…
13. There’s clear ___________ (evident) that peple wh listen t lively music are lively peple.
14. … mre and mre students wuld drp ut f schl if their persnal _______ (safe) culd nt be guaranteed.
15. The best speed _________(eat) train their stmachs t expand.
16. I had n _______ (chse) but t prepare fr it, thugh.
17. Nevertheless, aplgies might be an imprtant scial tl as they reaffirm (重新确认) the __________ (exist) f rules that need t be bserved.
18. The students use a vide game cntrller t direct its ____________ (mve) in the tank.
19. A farmer nce rganized a ____________ (cmpete) between his dg and his rabbit.
20. Actually with my ______________ (cnfident) building up, I nw turn ut t be a great speaker.
21. I went ff in search f him in hpes that I culd _________(unite) him with his wners.
22.Meanwhile, a big turism cmpany said its rural turism business has shwn significant ptential fr future ____________ (grw) in the recent three years.
23.After experiencing her lder sister's ____________(die) and her parents' divrce, she is determined t stay alive fr the sake f her brken family.
24.There is still n cnvincing ____________ (explain) fr the rigin f FRB in the internatinal scientific cmmunity at present.
25.She prvided medical ________ (equip), clean water and fruits. With this wrk the death rate decreased t 2.2%.
26.In the end, a Mediterranean diet is part f the factrs cntributing t ur physical health, but it takes ____________ (cmmit) t make them happen.
27.I tld him hw ________ (harm) plastic culd be t the envirnment and asked him t cnsider using mre ec-friendly ptins.
28.This mrning, a ________ (cheer) lin dance trupe (剧团) drve slwly past my lcal wet market.
29.But the mst __________ (value) experience f all was discvering a new sense f independence, she said.
30.Crws have lng been bserved fr their varius ____________(amaze) displays f intelligence.
31.Sme American schlars thught China culd hardly realize fd-sufficiency because f the ____________ (limit) water resurces, decrease f agricultural land due t industrial expansin and the fast ppulatin grwth.
32.In additin t bks, many libraries als ffer digital ____________ (cpy) f bks, audibks, mvies, and mre thrugh Internet platfrms.
33.When the answer was n, she declined the ________ (invite)．
34.China's nline literature has grwn in ppularity ver the last tw ____________ (decade).
35.The rlling sea f cluds yu see nce yu are at the tp will remind yu hw tiny we ________ (human) are.
36.We dn't have enugh resurces allcated t ur educatinal sectr and the little ____________ (allcate) t the sectr is nt well managed.
37.It is widely cnsidered that these scial ____________ (plicy) will definitely imprve the well-being f Chinese children.
38.The prject was cmpleted s quickly because the wrkers had been arranged int seven units t undertake different ____________ (task) at the same time.
39.Hpefully, the cute, witty, hi-tech Bing Dwen Dwen can becme a classic and cuntless lasting ____________ (memry) will stick in Olympic histry.
40.“Making cins was ne f the greatest financial ____________ (activity) in human histry，” said researchers, adding that it allwed wealth t be traded easily.
41.There were n stars, n celebrities r ____________ (prfessin) perfrmers, we wanted t present a mdern China and the lives f rdinary Chinese peple.
42.A lt f prblems are assciated with verusing ur digital devices, frm eye health and issues f mental health t addictin and ____________ (educatin) difficulties.
43.Unlike lder generatins wh might favr Western culture and brands，Chinese yuth were brn and raised when the ____________ (cuntry) ecnmy was taking ff, s they tend t have strng cnfidence in their natinal identity and culture.
44.It was a gd pprtunity fr me t experience the ____________ (natin) diverse custms and traditins.
45.Cmpared with the class nine years ag, this ____________ (year) lecture was greatly different.
46.______ (similar)，instead f learning knwledge inside the classrm, students shuld be encuraged t take adventure utside and visit places where they can witness the develpment f their hmetwn.
47.Back in the ____________ (ninety), he wuld remain at the z fr almst three mnths t stay with the pandas during the breeding seasn.
48.Many legends and stries lie behind its red walls and under the glden ____________ (rf).
49.As the benefits f space explratin and innvatin becme ____________ (well) knwn, increasingly mre cuntries and nn-gvernmental entities are interested in engaging in explratin and innvatin.
50.The Svalbard Glbal Seed Vault, which preserves almst ne millin seed samples, has ne f the ____________ (large) cllectins.
51.But Japan, wh lacked its wn mineral resurces, tk the theme f a sustainable (可持续的) future ____________ (seriusly) than thers.
52.At the waterside r n the muntains, the senirs find ____________ (they) in harmny with nature.
53.There I met a gentleman by the name f Kurien in his late ____________ (eighty).
54.Since many f the ____________ (rigin) features f the garden have been preserved, the garden has a high histrical and artistic value.
55.Nw, researchers frm Canada's University f Guelph insist that cats als express emtins n their faces — ne just has t learn hw t interpret ____________ (they)!
56.But nw, fr the first time in cnservatin histry, ____________ (they) numbers are n the increase.
57.But at least 70% f stars in the universe are red dwarfs, the tiniest and clest ____________(ne) ut there.
58.This year, Remila spent her ____________ (five) Spring Festival abard the carrier.
59.China beat Suth Krea 3－2 frm tw gals dwn in the dramatic final f the AFC Wmen's Asian Cup n Sunday night, winning the champinship fr the ____________ (nine) time 16 years later.
60.This is especially true in cuntries where traditinal medicines are ____________ (wide) used.
61.The junk flats arund ________ (hundred) f kilmeters abve the earth. Experts say the main wrry is that such debris will hit a space statin, satellite r ther equipment.
62.It is knwn t all that there were tw wrld wars in the ____________ (twenty) century, which greatly changed the wrld situatin.
63.Cvering sme 720，000 square meters and ____________ (fficial) knwn as the Palace Museum, it was hme t ryal families f the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
64.Xu Yuanchng was ne f the greatest translatrs in China, wh devted himself t translating Chinese pems in his ____________ (seventy).
65.These days, dctrs are using a new apprach t healing, which is called tapping. This apprach cmbines ____________ (wise) frm Chinese medicine with talk therapy (治疗).
66.China has expressed an ambitin t land peple n the mn and ____________ (pssible) build a scientific base there.
目录
一
命题规律
名词在句中常作主语、宾语、表语或定语等，动词作谓语与非谓语，形容词作表语、定语，副词作状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子；根据标志词及语境来确定比较等级；根据名词前的数词、量词、冠词等修饰语以及主谓一致原则来确定名词的单复数。
二
备考策略
第一步：确定是否考查词形转换；第二步：确定转换形式
三
基本知识
提示词为动词、名词、形容词、副词、代词、数词的词形转换
四
真题训练
近几年高考词性转换的专题训练
五
思路点拨
1. 作主语或宾语用名词形式。2. 在形容词性物主代词、冠词(+形容词)、不定代词(sme, any, a lt f等)、介词后还没有名词时，就用名词形式。3. 作定语、表语或补足语用形容词形式。4. 作状语，修饰动词、形容词或另一副词，或修饰全句，用副词。 5. 当所给词的词性与空格处所需词的词性相同时，无需改变词性，而可能是只加上改变词义但不改变词性的前缀或后缀，也可能用其比较级或最高级。
六
考点归纳
高频考点：1. 形容词→副词 2.名词与形容词的转换3. 动词→名词4. 名词/形容词→动词5. 动词/名词→表示人的名词6. 动词与形容词的转换7. 表示否定的前缀与后缀
七
考点练透
再次巩固所掌握的知识点体系并能灵活应用
人称
类别
单数
复数
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
人称代词
主格
I
yu
he/she/it
we
yu
they
宾格
me
yu
him/her/it
us
yu
them
物主代词
形容词性
my
yur
his/her/its
ur
yur
their
名词性
mine
yurs
his/hers/its
urs
yurs
theirs
反身代词
myself
yurself
himself/
herself/
itself
urselves
yurselves
themselves
规律总结
请在横线上写出下列形容词的副词的中文意思
1
一般直接加ly
plite→plitely____________；rude→rudely____________； wide→widely____________； immediate→immediately____________； fair→fairly____________； certain→certainly____________；careful→carefully____________； final→finally____________； quick→quickly____________； high→highly____________； fficial→fficially____________； regular→regularly____________； actual→actually____________； slw→slwly____________； sudden→suddenly____________； real→really____________
2
辅音字母+ y → ily
easy→easily____________; angry→angrily____________; happy→happily____________; heavy→heavily____________; steady→ steadily____________；busy→busily____________; lucky→luckily____________; healthy→healthily____________; 但shy→shyly____________
3
以-le结尾,去e加y
pssible→pssibly____________； prbable→prbably____________； terrible→ terribly____________； nble→nbly____________; cmfrtable→cmfrtably____________; reliable→reliably____________；gentle→gently____________; ample→amply____________; simple→simply____________
4
(个别)去e加ly
true→truly____________；due→duly____________（按时地）；whle→whlly____________
5
以-ic结尾加ally
basic→basically____________; classic→classically____________; magic→magically____________; ptimistic→ptimistically____________; scientific →scientifically____________; energetic→energetically____________; 但public →publicly____________
6
以-ll结尾加y
full→fully____________（完全地）；dull→dully____________（迟钝地）
规律总结
请在横线上写出下列名词的形容词的中文意思或形容词的名词的中文意思
1
+al/去e, +al
music→ musical____________; riginal→riginal____________; persn→persnal____________; natin→natinal____________; traditin→traditinal____________; centre→central________; practice→practical___________; glbe→glbal____________;
2
-ture→ -tural
nature→ natural____________; culture→cultural____________; agriculture→agricultural____________; architecture→architectural____________
3
-ics→ -ical
plitics→ plitical____________; physics→physical____________;mathematics→mathematical____________; statistics →statistical____________
4
+ern
east→ eastern____________; west→western____________; suth→suthern____________; nrth→nrthern____________; suthwest→suthwestern____________
5
+ible
access→ accessible____________; 注意 hrrr→hrrible;____________ terrr→terrible____________
6
+ful
success→ successful____________; care→careful____________; pwer→pwerful____________ ; peace→peaceful____________; fruit→fruitful____________; 注意mercy→merciful____________; beauty→beautiful____________
7
+ish
fl→ flish____________; self→selfish____________; child→childish____________; fever→feverish ____________
8
+us
danger→ dangerus____________; humr→humrus____________注 意 anxiety→anxius__________; ambitin→ambitius_________; curisity→curius____________;
9
-ance→-ant
imprtance→ imprtant____________; significance→significant____________; distance → distant____________;
10
-ence→-ent
absence→ absent ____________; silence→silent ____________; difference→different ____________; cnvenience→cnvenient ____________; patience→patient____________; vilence→vilent ____________
11
-ency→ -ent
fluency→ fluent____________; efficiency→efficient____________; emergency→emergent____________; urgency→urgent____________
12
+ly
friend→ friendly____________; time→timely____________; man→manly____________; mther→mtherly____________； mnth→mnthly____________; 注意 day→daily____________
13
-ble→ -bility
able→ ability____________; respnsible→respnsibility____________; pssible→pssibility____________; flexible→flexibility____________
14
+y; 去e，+y;双写，+y
health→ healthy____________; sleep→sleepy____________; greed→greedy____________; wealth→wealthy____________; nise→nisy____________; ice→icy____________; sun→sunny____________; fg→fggy____________;
15
adj.+ness →n
weak→ weakness____________; kind→kindness____________; ill→illness____________; sad→sadness____________; 注意 happy→happiness____________
16
adj. +th →n.
warm→warmth____________; 注意 strng→ strength____________; lng→length____________; wide→width____________; deep→depth____________; true→truth____________
17
-ate→-acy
accurate→accuracy____________; private→privacy____________; adequate→adequacy____________
18
其他
free→ freedm____________; wise→wisdm____________; cruel→cruelty____________; safe→safety____________; tire→tiresme____________; truble→trublesme____________; histry→histric(al)____________; science→scientific;____________ brave→bravery____________; shrt→shrtage____________
规律总结
请在横线上写出下列动词的名词的中文意思
1
+atin
expect→ expectatin_______________; present→presentatin_______________; 注意 explain→ explanatin_______________
2
去e，+atin
invite→ invitatin_______________; examine→examinatin_______________; prepare→preparatin_______________; 注意 prnunce→prnunciatin_______________
3
去e，+ tin
prduce→ prductin_______________; intrduce→ intrductin_______________；注意 describe→descriptin _______________
4
去e，+in
devte→ devtin_______________; pllute→pllutin_______________; cntribute→cntributin_______________; revise→revisin _______________ educate →educatin_______________；
5
+in
act→actin_______________;attract→attractin_______________; prtect→prtectin_______________; suggest→suggestin_______________ 注意 intend→intentin_______________
discuss → discussin _______________; express→expressin_______________; pssess→pssessin_______________; impress →impressin_______________
6
去t/d/de，+ (s)sin
admit→ admissin_______________; permit→__________________; extend→_________________; cnclude→_________________; divide→________________
7
+ance；去e，+ance
appear→ appearance_____________; perfrm→_______________________; acquaint→_____________________; guide→__________________
8
+ence
exist→ existence; prefer→__________________; refer→_________________; differ→__________; depend→________________;注意 ccur→ ___________________
9
+ment
achieve→ achievement__________; agree→agreement __________; annunce→annuncement______________; develp→develpment____________; encurage→encuragement_______________;注意 argue→argument__________
10
去e，+al
arrive→ arrival_____________; apprve→apprval __________; survive→survival _________; refuse→ refusal ________
11
+ure/tre
fail→ failure_____________; press→pressure_________; depart→departure __________; mix→mixture________
12
+y
recver→ recvery_____________; discver→discvery______________
13
其他
chse→ chice______________; vary→variety_______________; tend→tendency_________________; advise→advice____________________; aplgize→aplgy_________________; classify→classificatin________________; grw→grwth_____________________
规律总结
请在横线上写出下列动词的中文意思
1
后缀-en
strength→ strengthen ___________；length→ lengthen ___________ ；height→ heighten ___________；sft→ sften ___________ ；weak→ weaken ___________ ；wide→ widen ___________ ；less→ lessen ___________shrt→ shrten ______________；brad→ braden _____________；quick→ quicken ____________
2
前缀en-
able→ enable _____________；large→ enlarge ____________ ；rich→ enrich _____________；curage→ encurage ___________ ；danger→ endanger ___________ ；cmpass→ encmpass ____________
规律总结
请在横线上写出下列表示人的名词的中文意思。
1
+er/r
sing→ singer___________; teach→teacher________; strange→stranger________; village→villager________; emply→emplyer__________ interview→interviewer ___________
2
+r
act→ actr ___________; invent→inventr _________; educate→educatr_________; visit→visitr_______; cnduct→cnductr__________
3
+ee
emply→emplyee _________; interview→interviewee ___________; pay→payee_______; absent→absentee_________
4
+(r)ess
act→ actress; wait→waitress________; hst→hstess________; steward→stewardess___________; 注意 gd→gddess________
5
+ese
Japan→Japanese _________; Vietnam→Vietnamese___________ 注意 China→Chinese ________;Burma(缅甸)→Burmese_________;
6
+n
Asia→ Asian ____________; America→American__________; Australia→Australian___________; India→Indian_______; Krea→Krean__________
7
(去y或s) +ian
music→ musician__________; histry→histrian_________; library→librarian_________; physics→physician_________; plitics→plitician__________
8
+ist
art→ artist ____________; nvel→nvelist ________; tur→turist_______; 注意cycle→cyclist_______; science→scientist_________
9
+ant
assist→ assistant ____________; accunt→accuntant ___________; cnsult→cnsultant ____________; 注意apply→applicant _________; serve→servant _______
10
+ar
lie→ liar___________; beg→ar____________(注意拼写)
规律总结
请在横线上写出下列动词转换后的形容词的意思或形容词转换后的动词的意思
1
+able
suit→ suitable____________; cmfrt→cmfrtable____________; reasn→reasnable___________;注意admire→admirable___________; rely→reliable________;
2
+ful
dubt→ dubtful____________; harm→harmful_________; hpe→hpeful________; care→careful________; use→useful_______;help→helpful________
3
+ive
act→ active________; attract→attractive_________; impress→impressive___________; create→creative________
4
+ary
imagine→imaginary __________
5
adj.+en/n →v.
deep→ deepen____________; wide→widen _______; less→lessen______; wrse→wrsen________; dark→darken_______
6
en+adj.→v.
large→enlarge____________; rich→enrich_______; able→enable________; nble→ennble________;
4
un-
able→ unable____________; fair→unfair______; fit →unfit__________; frtunate→unfrtunate___________; usual→unusual________
5
+less
hpe→ hpeless____________; end→endless________; stain→stainless________; taste→tasteless_________; use→useless_______; help→helpless_________; pwer→pwerless_________
规律总结
请在横线上写出与下列单词意义相反或相否定的词语的中文意思
1
dis-
advantage→ disadvantage____________; agree→ disagree____________; appear→disappear____________;
2
il/im/in-
legal→ illegal_____________; plite→implite _________; patient→impatient__________; cnvenient→incnvenient____________
3
mis-
understand→ misunderstand___________; lead→mislead________; direct→misdirect__________; trust→mistrust_________