新高考英语一轮复习考点过关练考点29 非应用文写作：议论文——正反观点型、利弊对比型、解决问题型（2份打包，原卷版+解析版）

这是一份新高考英语一轮复习考点过关练考点29 非应用文写作：议论文——正反观点型、利弊对比型、解决问题型（2份打包，原卷版+解析版），文件包含新高考英语一轮复习考点过关练考点29非应用文写作议论文正反观点型利弊对比型解决问题型原卷版doc、新高考英语一轮复习考点过关练考点29非应用文写作议论文正反观点型利弊对比型解决问题型解析版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共27页， 欢迎下载使用。

【命题解读】
议论文是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表意见、提出主张的文体。论点、论据和论证是不可缺少的三要素。近年来，高考英语书面表达中对开放性议论文文体的考查有递增趋势。
第一段∶开头-—引论。用以引出一个令人关注的问题（tpic），阐明观点或看法。
第二段∶主体——本论。全文的主要部分，对提出的问题进行分析、推论，运用材料对观点进行论述，使论点得到足够的支持。
第三段∶结尾—结论。对主体部分内容进行概括，明确论点所要解决、论证的问题。有时则是提出建议或给出解决问题的方法或策略。
议论文的写作较之于其他题材的文章相对有规律可循。而且文章的开头具有一定的共性，行文中段落的过渡和观点之间的转化也有相似之处。因此使用规律性的语句不但可以显得条理清楚，而且可以提高文章档次。
正反观点型
【议论文(1)——正反观点型】
【写作模板】
1．导入主题
There is a widespread cncern ver the issue that (某个主题，需以句子形式呈现)．But it is well knwn that the pinins cncerning this ht tpic vary frm persn t persn.
2．正方观点
A majrity f peple apprve f the pinin that (正方观点)．Frm their pint f view，there are tw factrs cntributing t this attitude，which are as fllws：in the first place， (原因一)．Furthermre， (原因二)．
3．反方观点
On the cntrary，sme peple differ in their pinins n this matter.They hld the view that (反方观点)．On the ne hand， (原因一)．On the ther hand， (原因二)．
4．阐明个人看法
As far as I am cncerned，I think we shuld take immediate measures t (个人观点)．First f all， .In additin， .Only in this way can we .
【说明】文章结构
1．开头：提出问题；
2．主体：陈述不同的观点及其理由；
3．结尾：说明自己的观点。
【必背词句】
1．第一段 开门见山，提出主题(1－2句)
(1)We had a heated discussin abut/n...
(2)Different peple hld different pinins.
(3)Opinins are divided...
(4)Peple have taken/adpted different attitudes twards...
(5)Peple have different pinins n this prblem.
(6)Peple take different views n this questin.
2．第二段 表达不同观点
(1)． them hld the pinin that...
(2)． them are in favr f the idea that...
(3)Peple wh are fr/against the idea think that...
(4)Sme peple believe argue that...
(5)Hwever， them hld a different view. them hld the ppsite pinin.
(6)Hwever，each cin has tw sides.
(7)Different frm thse...，peple think...
(8)On the ther hand，peple bject that...
3．第三段 说明自己的观点
(1)As far as I am cncerned...
(2)In my pinin...
(3)It’s my pinin that...
(4)In a wrd，nly we have a bright future.
议论文(2)——利弊对比型
【议论文(2)——利弊对比型】
这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状，再对比事物本身的利弊，有时也会单从一个角度(利或弊)出发，最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度(或对事物前景提出预测)。
【写作模板】
Nwadays，there is a widespread cncern ver (the issue that) (讨论议题)．In fact，there are bth advantages and disadvantages in (讨论议题)．Generally speaking，it is widely believed that there are several psitive aspects as fllws.Firstly， (优点一)．And secndly， (优点二)．
Just as a ppular saying ges，“Every cin has tw sides”， (讨论议题) is n exceptin，and in ther wrds，it still has negative aspects.T begin with， (缺点一)．In additin， (缺点二)．
T sum up，we shuld try t bring the advantages f (讨论议题) int full play，and reduce the disadvantages t the minimum at the same time.In that case，we will definitely make better use f the (讨论议题)．
【说明】文章结构
1．说明事物现状；
2．事物本身的优缺点(或一方面)；
3．你对现状(或前景)的看法。
议论文(3)——解决问题型
【议论文(3)——解决问题型】
【写作模板】
Currently，there is a widespread cncern ver (the issue that) (讨论议题)．It is really an imprtant cncern t every ne f us.As a result，we must spare n effrt t take sme measures t slve this prblem.
As we knw，there are many steps which can be taken t slve this prblem.First f all， (途径一)．In additin，anther way cntributing t success f slving the prblem is (途径二)．
Abve all，t slve the prblem f (讨论议题)，we shuld find a number f varius ways.But as far as I am cncerned，I wuld prefer t slve the prblem in this way，that is t say， (自己的方法)．
【必背词句】
一、段落框架
第一段：引出现象，并指出这种现象的后果
常用句型：
(1) Recently the rise in prblem f/phenmenn caused/arused/captured public/ppular/wide/wrldwide cncern.
(2) Recently the issue f the prblem f/the phenmenn been brught int fcus/has been brught int public attentin.
(3)Nwadays，there is a grwing cncern abut the prblem/phenmenn that...
(4)Nwadays，an increasing number f peple cme t realize/be aware f the imprtance f...
(5)Nwadays，mre and mre peple are cncerned abut the prblem f...
第二段：提出解决的办法
常用句型：
(1) We shuld take a series f effective measures t cpe with the situatin.Fr ne thing， (解决方法一)．Fr anther， (解决方法二)．Finally， (解决方法三)．
(2)It is essential that prper actin/effective measures shuld be taken t reverse this situatin/stp the trend.
(3)It is hped/suggested that cnsiderable/great effrts shuld be made t...
(4)There is n easy/immediate slutin/apprach t the issue be beneficial/helpful.
第三段：总结这样做的好处
常用句型：
Only in this way can we...
【真题 1】2021年6月全国乙卷
你校将举办英语演讲比赛，请你以 Be smart nline learner 写一篇发言稿参赛,
内容包括：
分析优势及不足；
提出学习建议。
注意：
词数100词左右；
题目和首句以为你写好。
【参考范文】
Be smart nline learners
Just like the ld saying ges, "each cin has tw sides." On the ne hand, prviding an easy access t plenty f excellent learning surces, nline learning is really a helping hand. On the ther hand, what we learn nline isn't necessarily what we need, nt t mentin its cnstant damage t ur eyes.
Fr me, nline learning is, after all, just a tl. It's nt the new methd itself but the persn wh use it that really matters. T becme a smart nline learner, nt nly shuld we carefully chse frm cuntless alternatives we may face, but extra attentin needs t be attached when we take lessns nline. What's mre, n cnditin that we culd apply what we learn nline t ur daily life, nline learning wuld be mre meaningful.
Thanks, everyne. Hpe we all culd be smart nline learners.
【解析】
本篇书面表达是演讲稿，一种常见的应用文，与去年英语作文比赛稍有差别。英语书面表达近几年来稳中求变，在测试考生的英语表达能力，看其是否能够运用学过的英语知识和掌握的技能，进行思想交流的同时，注重文体变化，突出实用性，更考查学生能否利用所学语言知识、文化知识等，根据不同目的和受众，通过书面形式创新语篇。
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯。复合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多的高端句式，如非谓语动词：prviding an easy access t plenty f excellent learning surces, nline learning is really a helping hand.；名词性从句：what we learn nline isn't necessarily what we need, nt t mentin its cnstant damage t ur eyes. 倒装：T becme a smart nline learner, nt nly shuld we carefully chse frm cuntless alternatives we may face, but extra attentin needs t be attached when we take lessns nline.；状语从句：n cnditin that we culd apply what we learn nline t ur daily life, nline learning wuld be mre meaningful.等。文章思路清晰，层次分明，上下句转换自然。为文章增色添彩。
(1)Such a situatin is f great cncern.In my pinin，verprtectin and t much care are extremely bad fr children’s develpment.Instead f ding everything fr them，parents shuld encurage their children t vercme difficulties and inspire them t develp by themselves.Only in this way can they grw up t be independent and becme truly successful.
这样的情况很值得关注。在我看来，过度保护和太多照顾对孩子们的发展是极其有害的。父母不应该为他们做一切事情，而是应该鼓励孩子们克服困难，激励他们自我发展。只有这样他们才能独立成长，真正成功。(2013·福建)
(2)But in fact，I ften dn’t quite fllw my timetable because f sme reasns.Fr example，playing ftball and watching TV take up much f my spare time.S I think we shuld have ur parents r smene else supervise us every day.
但是事实上，出于一些原因我经常不遵照时间表。例如踢足球和看电视占据了我很多业余时间。因此我想我们应该让我们的父母或其他人每天监督我们。(2013·四川)
【模拟检测 1】假设你是李华，举行了一次班会，班会的主题是：太空探险的意义。请结合下表内容，用英语给校报写一篇文章，客观地介绍班会上同学们讨论的情况并表达你自己的观点。

注意：1.词数100左右；
2．开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Outer Space Explratins，YES r NO?
We had an argument ver whether it is necessary t carry ut uter space explratins at a class meeting the ther day.

【参考范文】
Outer Space Explratins，YES r NO?
We had an argument ver whether it is necessary t carry ut uter space explratins at a class meeting the ther day.Different students have different attitudes twards it.
Sme f us think it imprtant t research the uter space because，first f all，peple can get a better understanding f the uter space thrugh their explratin.Secnd，new resurces can be fund there fr human being.Third，this explratin can pssibly bring abut new living space fr human life in the near future.
Hwever，thers are strngly against it.They believe that it takes s much mney t d this kind f explratin，which is nt wrth the value.Besides，it is very dangerus fr astrnauts t d such wrk in the uter space.
In my pinin，peple shuld be pineering，and therefre such explratins int the uter space are wrth trying ut.
【模拟检测 2】假设你是主持人，请你根据以下表格的信息，为以“Shuld we give mney t beggars？”为题的班会写一个总结。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．文章的开头已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：弱势群体inferir grup
We have had a class meeting tday n whether we shuld give mney t beggars and we have different pinins.


【参考范文】
We have had a class meeting tday n whether we shuld give mney t beggars and we have different pinins.
Sme believe that we shuld give mney t beggars because sme f them are ld peple，wh can’t live n their wn.Amng them are als sme students wh have drpped ut f schl because their families are s pr.And we can als see sme disabled peple，wh can hardly make a living due t physical r mental inability.
On the ther hand，many mre students think we shuldn’t give them mney because mst f the beggars beg nt because they are pr but because they want t make mney mre easily.They are nt real beggars.Besides，t give mney wuld encurage them t be lazy even if they have the ability t wrk.
In general，we shuld help peple f the inferir grup.But we shuld remain sensible when giving mney.
【模拟检测 3】面对中学生“出国热”，社会对此有不同的看法。请你以“Studying Abrad”为题，根据下表所提供的信息，谈谈自己的看法。

注意：1.词数100左右；
2．开头已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：媒介，中间人mediatr
Studying Abrad
In recent years，studying abrad has been ppular.







【参考范文】
Studying Abrad
In recent years，studying abrad has been ppular.Tens f thusands f Chinese students have gne t freign cuntries t study.Many peple are trying their best t apply t g abrad.There are many advantages in attending schls abrad.First，students wh have studied abrad can act as mediatrs between peple f different cultures.Secnd，we can learn many mre advanced knwledge f science and technlgy frm freign cuntries.Third，we can learn many freign languages mre quickly.
Hwever，there are sme disadvantages.Mst f the students are t yung t live alne withut any living experience.Besides，being far away frm their hme cuntry，they may feel lnely and hmesick.Als，f curse，the csts are much higher there than that at hme.
In spite f this，advantages are mre than disadvantages.In my pinin，it is advisable t attend schls abrad.
【模拟检测 4】随着互联网的发展和普及，网络购物在中国也变得越来越普遍了，甚至已经成了我们日常生活中的一部分；相信你们身边一定有不少同学已经通过网络进行购物了，比如淘宝网，京东商城等。但是网络购物究竟有何利弊呢？ 请写一篇短文，谈谈网上购物的好处与坏处。
注意：词数100左右。






【参考范文】
We talked abut the advantages and disadvantages f Internet shpping these days.Sme students think it’s very cnvenient fr us t g shpping n the Internet.
The shps n the Internet fr example taba.cm，jd.cm are pen fr almst 24 hurs a day s we can buy smething we want at any time if we like.What’s mre，we needn’t wait in a queue.
Hwever，sme students disagreed with them.We can’t see the things while we are shpping，s we are nt sure whether they are gd r nt.Besides，we can’t enjy the happiness f shpping with ur friends.
【模拟检测 5】请就学生目前过重的课业负担写一篇100词左右的文章。文章必须包含以下内容：
1.简述学生课业负担过重；
2.造成课业负担过重的原因(至少两个)；
3.提出解决办法(至少两个)。






【参考范文】
Nwadays，students are burdened with heavy wrklads.They nt nly have t study very hard in the daytime but als stay up late t finish their hmewrk.
There are many reasns.Maybe the mst imprtant ne is the pressure they may face in the future.On the ther hand，parents and teachers expect t much f them，because they think nwadays the scial cmpetitin is very intense.
The prblem is becming mre and mre serius and it’s time fr us t d smething t change the situatin.First，teachers shuld refrm their classrm activities t make full use f the time in class.Besides，students shuld imprve their learning efficiency.In this way，the prblem may finally be slved.
【模拟检测 6】假设你校英语社团举办以“讲求文明，从我做起”为主题的征文活动，请你以“On the Way t Schl”为题，写一篇英语短文。
内容主要包括：
1．遵守交通法规；
2．注意举止文明。
注意：1.词数100左右；
可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。






【参考范文】
On the Way t Schl
These days，breaking traffic rules and littering are nt uncmmn，causing serius harm t life and the envirnment.Changing this situatin requires cnsiderable effrt n the part f everyne.As fr me，it shuld start n my way t schl.
I will keep traffic rules in mind all the way.If I ride a bike，I’ll always keep t the right and never crss a rad until the traffic light turns green.If I walk，I’ll never frget t use the pedestrian crssing.Meanwhile，I will regard it as my duty t help keep ur envirnment clean and healthy.Nt nly will I keep frm littering and spitting anywhere，I will als help clean up the radside litter whenever pssible.I hpe my behavir will make a difference.
【模拟检测 7】（2020·湖南·株洲市南方中学一模）最近，你和同学就本校学生的近视问题做了一次调查。请根据以下内容（现状、原因、结果与建议），写一篇英文广播稿。
注意: 1. 请勿提及与考生相关的真实信息。
2. 可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
3. 词数100左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Present situatin（现状）
● mre and mre students are becming shrt-sighted
● wear glasses: girls (48.3%), bys (55.2%)
Reasns（原因）
● use mbile phnes t much
● have bad reading habits
Results（结果）
● cannt see the blackbard clearly in class
● unable t d sprts freely with glasses n
Suggestins（建议）
● spend less time n mbile phnes and TV
● d eye exercises
Recently we have dne a survey f shrt-sightedness in ur schl.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Recently we have dne a survey f shrt-sightedness in ur schl. It shws that a grwing number f students are becming shrt-sighted. 48.3% f girls wear glasses while 55.2% f bys wear glasses as well. There are several reasns.
First f all, with the rapid develpment f science technlgy, students can get access t mbile phne easily. Sme students are even addicted t reading nvels with their cellphnes. Besides, sme students have bad reading habits, which d great harm t their eyes. As a cnsequence, they cannt see the blackbard clearly in class r are unable t d sprts freely with glasses n.
In my pinin, students shuld spend less time n mbile phnes and TV. They had better d eye exercises regularly every day. They are suppsed t keep gd reading habits and prtect their eyes as their mst precius life gifts.
【解析】
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就本校学生的近视问题做的一次调查，写一篇英文广播稿。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
增长的：grwing →increasing
此外：besides → what’s mre
依某人看来：in ne’s pinin →in the pinin f sb.
应该：be suppsed t→ shuld
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：First f all, with the rapid develpment f science technlgy, students can get access t mbile phne easily.
拓展句：First f all, as the science technlgy is develping rapidly, students can get access t mbile phne easily.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】Besides, sme students have bad reading habits, which d great harm t their eyes.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】It shws that a grwing number f students are becming shrt-sighted.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
赞同的理由
反对的理由
你自己的观点
1.获得新知识；
2.从太空取得新资源；
3.扩大人类未来的生存空间。
1.耗资巨大；
2.宇航员的安全问题。
……
一些人
另一些人
孤寡老人不能自食其力而乞讨；
有些学生因家境贫苦而辍学去乞讨；
有些残疾人只能以乞讨为生。
这么做会助长懒惰。
大部分都是假装的，乞讨只是他们赚钱的一条捷径；
结论：应该尽力帮助弱势群体，但给钱时一定要慎重。
Advantages
Disadvantages
1.传播各民族间的不同文化；
2.拓宽视野，学习国外先进的科学技术；
3.良好的语言环境，更利于语言的学习。
1.年纪小，缺乏生活经验，自立能力差；
2.情感孤独，思乡；
3.学习生活费用高。