新高考英语一轮复习讲练测专题07 动词不定式 第7讲 -动词不定式（讲）（2份打包，原卷版+教师版）

这是一份新高考英语一轮复习讲练测专题07 动词不定式 第7讲 -动词不定式（讲）（2份打包，原卷版+教师版），文件包含新高考英语一轮复习讲练测专题07动词不定式第7讲-动词不定式讲教师版doc、新高考英语一轮复习讲练测专题07动词不定式第7讲-动词不定式讲学生版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共20页， 欢迎下载使用。

【复习概览】
动词不定式
在语境中理解和运用新的语法知识
核心素养
语言能力
语法知识
1.单句填空
2.语篇填空
3.单句翻译
4.书面表达
生活实践和学习探索情境
高考评价
关键能力
必备知识（）
【命题分析】
一、命题要求
非谓语动词考点，是英语高考必考点之一。在高考中主要考查点有：非谓语动词作定语、非谓语动词作状语、动名词作主语、非谓语动词的独立主格结构、非谓语动词短语与状语从句之间的转换等。
二、命题形式
本考点在高考中的命题形式主要有：1.语法填空；2.短文改错；3.书面表达（尤其是读后续写中）。非谓语动词在语法填空中是必考点。
2022年非谓语动词还将是高考中的重点和难点所在。在这个考点上一定多下工夫，不管花费多大的精力，让学生掌握这个考点都不为过，因为，打开2022年的高考试卷，必然会有非谓语动词。
【基础巩固】
知识点：不定式
必备基础知识：
●不定式的否定形式在t 前加上 nt或者never。
重难点知识：
考点1 不定式作主语
【典例】
1. 【2021·英语全国甲卷】 It is pssible 43． (walk) r bike the entire 14 kilmeters.
2. [2021·八省1月联考）]Frtunately, nwadays it is much easier ________（make）ec-friendly lifestyle chices.
【方法指导】
1．不定式作主语：动词用单数。T d mrning exercises is useful fr ur health.
2．表示具体的某次动作，特别是将来发生的动作，多用不定式作主语。表示比较抽象的一般行为或者经常性习惯性的动作时，多用ding作主语。
3．在下列两个句型中it是形式主语，不定式是真正主语；f sb和fr sb是不定式的逻辑主语：
A. It is/was + 形容词（f sb）t d sth.
【赞扬，责备的形容词通常用f sb作逻辑主语：wrng, right, kind, nice, brave, careful, careless, greedy, hnest, lazy, mdest, selfish, thughtful, implite, plite, clever, flish, silly, stupid, cruel, rude, generus，cnsiderate…】
B. It is/was + 形容词（fr sb）t d sth.
【以下形容词通常用fr sb作逻辑主语：easy, hard, difficult, imprtant, necessary, impssible, pssible, safe, dangerus, unusual, wnderful…。多数情况都用fr sb作逻辑主语。】
1)It is plite (f yu) t respect the ld.
2)It is imprtant (fr us) t d as the Rmans d.
3)It’s imprtant fr the figures t be updated regularly.
【变式】
It’s imprtant fr the figures _________________ regularly.
考点2 不定式作目的状语
【典例】
1. [2021·浙江1月] Researchers say they have translated the meaning f gestures that wild chimpanzees use ________（cmmunicate）.
2. [2020·海南卷] ______ (survive) in the frest, animals must climb, jump r fly acrss the gaps.
【方法指导】
1.不定式作目的状语：
1)T cmplete the prject in time, the wrkers will have t wrk day and night.
2)T be a winner, yu need t give all yu have and try yur best.
3)Many airlines nw allw passengers t print their barding passes nline t save their valuable time.
4)Yu must set ut at nce in rder nt (s as nt ) t be late fr schl.
5)Many peple have t wear glasses t/in rder t/s as t see distant bjects clearly.
= T/in rder t see distant bjects clearly, many peple have t wear glasses.
(s as t一般不放在句首)
2. t不定式可作目的状语，ding也可作目的状语。区别是ding前常有一个逗号。
1)The man has cme t the twn, lking fr his lst wife.
2)The lawyer listened with full attentin, trying nt t miss any pint．
3. 为了做…, 某人尽所能；尽力做…
d what sb can t d sth:
d all (that) sb can t d sth:
d everything/anything (that)sb can t d sth:
1)Yu must d everything that yu can t save the wman's life.
2)The farmers ught t d what they can t get in all the rice befre the heavy rain.
3)We shuld d all (that) we can t help the pr peple t live thrugh the winter.
4. 不定式作结果状语：
s/such…as t…:(如此…以致…)
enugh …t …:(足够)
nly t …:(结果)
never t…:(结果再也没有)
t… t…:(太…而不能…)
1)She was s silly as t give all her mney t the cheat.
2)They came here s early as t see the famus film stars.
3)I am nt such a fl as t believe that kind f thing.
4)The by is ld enugh t jin the Ryal Army.
5)My mther’s uncle went abrad in 1936, never t cme back hme again.
◆nly t d/be dne: 可译为： “ 结果…” 这是一种预料之外的结果。常含有 “ 惊讶，
失望，放心 ”之意。
nly ding sth. 表示谓语动词本身的动作造成的结果。
1)She hurried t the statin, nly t be tld that the 9:45 train had left.
2)Tm tk a taxi t the airprt, nly t find his plane high up in the sky.
3)His father died, (nly) leaving him 1000 punds.
●a. t + 形/副 + t d sth: 太…而不能做。 不定式为结果状语。
1)The by is t yung t attend schl.
2)The man is running t slwly t catch up with his wrkmates.
●b. t + 形/副 + t d sth: 非常/很…做。
这种用法t后的形容词常是：easy, anxius, eager, willing, glad, pleased, ready, satisfied等, 并且t 前常有nt, nly, but, all, just。
1)We are nt t srry t see the new sldiers leave ur hmetwns.
2)I am nly t pleased t take part in the activity.
3)They knw but t well t keep it a secret.
4)My tailrs are t ready t d sme sewing fr the middle schl students.
5)Such an earthquake is all t likely t happen again in Japan.
5.不定式作原因状语：
1)I am very happy t see yu again.
2)Yu will be disappinted t fail in the cllege entrance exams next year.
3)She was srry t have kept us waiting s lng.
4)She was happy t have been staying with her aunt.
5)He jumped with jy t see the nice Christmas presents.
★I. 以下形容词后常接不定式的主动形式：hard, difficult, easy, light, heavy, nice, gd, clear, dangerus, pleasant, interesting, fit, bitter, exciting, cmfrtable, cnvenient, amusing, impssible等后常接主动式不定式。如形容词前有t或 形容词后有enugh时，不定式用主动，被动均可。
1)Chngqing is hard/difficult/easy t find n this map.
2)This machine is very easy t perate. Anybdy can learn t use it in a few minutes.
3)I like getting up very early in summer. The mrning air is s gd t breathe.
4)In many peple’s pinin, that cmpany is pleasant t deal with.
5)This building is dangerus/pleasant/cmfrtable t live in.
6)The medicine is bitter t drink.
7)That flying bird is impssible t catch.
8)The fd is t ht t eat/t be eaten.
9)My schlbag is t heavy t carry/t be carried.
10)Her schlbag is light enugh t carry/t be carried.
【变式】
【变式】1
[2020·海南卷] ______（remember）all the questins yu have when yu are nt in the dctr's ffice, write them dwn and bring the list with yu t yur appintment.
【变式】2
[2021·吉林省长春市普通高中高三质量检测]Several years ag, Wang left Shandng ______ (live) with his children in Mengshan cunty.
【变式】3
【江苏省苏锡常镇四市2021届高三教学情况调查（一）】Thse f us wh watched the lunar vyage f Apll11 were amazed as we saw the first man walk n the mn. But 59． (get) there thse astrnauts literally had t break ut f the huge gravity pull f the earth.
【变式】4
【2021届江苏省扬州市高三上学期期初调研】China is als actively cmmunicating with Russia and Eurpean cuntries 45．(imprve)the cmpatibility f the BDS s that it can better serve its glbal users.
考点3 不定式作定语
【典例】
1. [2021·八省1月联考）]In my everyday life, I am n an nging jurney t figure ut different ways ________（reduce）my carbn ftprint n the planet.
2. [2021·吉林省吉林市高三第一次调研考试]Anther Weib user wrte, “Thank yu fr giving me an pprtunity ______ (appreciate) the landscape in the cuntryside.”
【方法指导】
1.不定式作定语：
1)If there’s a lt f wrk t d, I’m happy t keep n until it is finished.
2)The ability t express an idea is as imprtant as the idea itself.
3)With the wrld changing fast, we have smething new t deal with all by urselves every day.
4)Tday I have nthing/smething t say at the cnference.
5)I was watching the clck all thrugh the meeting, as I had a train t catch.
6)We’re having a meeting in half an hur. The decisin t be made at the meeting will influence the future f ur cmpany.
2.不定式作定语，修饰序数词等;
1)The first persn t arrive at the scene was Tny Black frm the plice statin.
2)She was the first/secnd/third/tenth (student) t cme t schl tday.
3) He is a hardwrking student. He is always the first t cme and the last t leave.
3.以下不定式短语的介词不能省去，因为它们前面的名词是它的逻辑宾语：
1)I will find a chair t sit n/in.
2)Yu shuld find a bright huse t live in.
3)The painter needs t find smewhere t live.
4)D yu have a pen t write a letter with?
5)Yu will have t buy a piece f paper t write the ntice n.
6)At the department stre there are a lt f cameras t chse frm.
7)He is a gd persn t wrk with.
4.以下两句主语是不定式短语的逻辑宾语：
1)The sft bed is very cmfrtable t sleep n.
2)I dn’t think the chair is firm enugh t stand n.
5.注意下面3句的区别：
1)I will attend the meeting t be held next Tuesday. (表将来, 被动)
2)I attended the meeting held last Friday. （表过去, 完成, 被动）
3)I will attend the meeting being held at the hall nw. （表进行，被动）
【变式】
【变式】1
【江苏省无锡市第一中学2020—2021学年高三上学期开学考试】Fr ByteDance’s 37-year-ld funder,Zhang Yiming, it is part f an ambitin43．(build)a glbal sftware giant. Nw that ambitin is in jepardy(危机).
【变式】2
【2021届江苏省泰州中学高三上学期第一次月度检测】There is n easy way15．(get) success in language learning. A gd memry is f great help, but it is nt enugh nly t memrize rules frm a grammar bk.
【变式】3
（2021·山东高三一模）—Did yu hear smene ___________ at the dr?
—Yes, it must be Jhn. It’s time fr him t get here.
A．kncksB．knckingC．knckedD．t knck
【变式】4
（2021·浙江高三月考）With the hliday________（靠近），the experts' suggestin that tickets be bked nline is very imprtant. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）
考点4 不定式作表语
【典例】
[2021·云贵川桂四省高三上学期联考]Scientists arund the wrld are lking fr all kinds f ways t prtect and maybe even revive crals. One ptin is ______ (create) mre marine prtected areas-essentially natinal parks in the cean.
【方法指南】
不定式作表语：
不定式作表语时，主语常是: duty, wrk, jb, task, wish, hpe, thing, gal, aim,
prblem, questin, happiness, what, advice, idea…等：
1)Her duty is t lk after the ld leaders.
2)Their gal is t becme a develped district.
3)The prblem is where t build the dam.
●t 不定式作表语解释前面d时, t可省去:
1)Yesterday all we did was (t) clean the kitchen and the tilet.
2)What I wuld like t d tday is (t) have a gd sleep at hme.
3)The nly thing yu need t d nw is (t) fill in/up/ut the frm immediately.
4)All she wanted t d when she gt the first prize in the cntest was (t) say thanks t her teachers and parents.
考点5 不定式作宾补
【典例】
【江苏省苏州市2021届八校联盟高三第一次适应性检测】NASA plans t have the astrnauts 44． (leave) the lander t cllect sil and rck, search fr water and ther resurces and carry ut experiments.
【方法指导】
不定式作宾语补足语：
ask/beg/require/request/tell/advise/allw/permit/cause/encurage/expect/wish/frce/blige/invite/
need/rder/persuade/remind/teach/urge/want/get/like/hate/warn/help/prefer sb t d……:
1)Ms. Hill tld the students t cpy all the wrds and expressins in Bk Seven.
2)Miss Jansn persuaded the by nt t smke any mre.
●在feel, hear, listen t, lk at, see, watch, ntice, let, make, have等动词在主动语态时，后面作宾语补足语接的动词前不能加t； 但以上动词如为被动语态，后面接的动词前要加t。
1)Just nw I saw a man rush ut f the bank carrying a bag f mney.
2)Every mrning the blind man listens t the birds sing in the park.
3)The bss ften makes the by wrk like a cw.
4)Just nw a man was seen t rush ut f the bank carrying a bag f mney.
5)Paul desn’t have t be made t learn. He always wrks hard.
6)The teacher is ften listened t t sing the English sng at hme.
考点5 不定式作宾语
【典例】
1.（2021·天津滨海新区·高三三模）Sme elderly peple find it hard________ the things that happened while they were children.
A．rememberB．t rememberC．rememberingD．remembered
2. The tw girls are s alike that strangers find ________ difficult t tell ne frm the ther.
A. it B. them C. her D. that
【方法指南】
不定式作宾语：
like/lve/want/wish/hpe/expect/desire/hate/prefer/cntinue/manage/try/ask/beg/demand/affrd/
ffer/fail/start/begin/frget/remember/prmise/mean/intend/attempt/decide/determine/learn/agree/
chse/pretend/arrange t d…:
1)The bss prmised t pay me 2000 US dllars a mnth.
2)We decide t study harder than ever befre.
3)Please remember t buy sme medicine fr the patient n yur way back hme.
●it作形式宾语代不定式: find/think/cnsider/feel/make it + 形/名 + t 不定式: 发现/认为/使得做…是…
1)We find it necessary t master German and French.
2)I think it a pity t miss such a gd chance.
3)We feel/think it ur duty t make ur cuntry a better place.
4)New technlgies have made it pssible t prduce new prducts faster and at a lwer cst.
时态
主动式
被动式
一般式
t d
t be dne
完成式
t have dne
t have been dne
进行式
t be ding
-----------------
完成进行式
t have been ding
-----------------