新高考英语二轮复习题型专练17 阅读理解之推理判断题（2份打包，原卷版+解析版）

这是一份新高考英语二轮复习题型专练17 阅读理解之推理判断题（2份打包，原卷版+解析版），文件包含新高考英语二轮复习题型专练17阅读理解之推理判断题原卷版doc、新高考英语二轮复习题型专练17阅读理解之推理判断题解析版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共42页， 欢迎下载使用。

【考试方向】推理判断题主要考查学生根据文章的字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意等。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题。做这类题时，考生应在理解全文的基础上，从文章本身所提供的信息出发，运用逻辑思维，同时借助一定的常识进行分析、推理、判断。
提问整篇文章或某句某段的含蓄意思时，问句中都含有infer, imply, indicate, suggest (推断，暗指)等词。对付这类题时我们不仅要弄懂文章字面的意思，更重要的是要知道文章潜在的含义，和作者所给的提示。同时要对文章的含义和作者的暗示作合理的猜测和推论。这种问题的提问方式通常有：
1.Frm paragraph 4 we can infer that. / What can be inferred frm the passage? / Frm the last paragraph we can infer that .
2.We can infer frm the text that…/ What can we learn frm…? / We can cnclude frm the
passage that…
3.The last sentence f the first paragraph mst prbably implies that.
4.The authr implies that by the year 2080, .
5.T slve the present scial prblems the authr suggests that we shuld.
6.The authr mentins the fact that…t shw.
7. This passage wuld mst likely be fund in _________?
8.The authr’s attitude tward …is _________?
9. The tne f the passage can best be described as _________?
这些提问方式的答案一般在短文中不可能直接找到，必须根据提问中的某些关键字眼与短文中相应的有关内容加以逻辑推理或演算，从而得出某些作者并未说明却已在字里行间所暗含的意思及观点。具体的说，考生应当注意以下几点：
1.首先要注意一定要忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据。立足已知，推断未知，遵循“词不离句，句不离段，段不离篇”的原则。千万不能主观臆想，凭空想象，随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。
2.要吃透文章的字面意思，从字里行间捕捉有用的提示和线索，这是推理的前提和基础。有的推断，考生完全可以根据文章中所阐述的细节，再结合自己所掌握的基础知识、有关背景知识或常识来帮助进行分析、推敲，从而得出符合文章原意的结论。
3.要对文字的表面信息进行挖掘加工，由表及里，由浅入深，从具体到抽象，从特殊到一般，通过分析、综合、判断等，进行深层处理，合乎逻辑地推理。不能就事论事，断章取义，以偏概全。
4. 要把握句、段之间的逻辑关系，了解语篇的结构，同时还要体会文章的基调，揣摩作者的态度，摸准逻辑发展方向，悟出作者的言外之意。
5.在解答推理性问题时，一定要注意确定推理依据的位置或范围。应清楚所要解答的问题需要针对某个细节进行推断，还是针对主题思想、作者的意图进行推断。针对细节的推断可运用scanning的方法，迅速在材料中确定推理依据的位置或范围，然后再进行推理判断。针对主题思想作推断时，则常常要纵览全篇文章。
【答题技巧】
1. 细节推断题
要求考生根据语篇关系，推断具体细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件、具体信息等。考生要从文章本身所提供的信息出发，抓住关键的信息词，运用逻辑思维，并借助一定的常识进行分析、推理、判断。
【真题再现】（2020·北京高考真题） Certain frms f AI are indeed becming ubiquitus. Fr example, algrithms (算法) carry ut huge vlumes f trading n ur financial markets, self-driving cars are appearing n city streets, and ur smartphnes are translating frm ne language int anther. These systems are smetimes faster and mre perceptive than we humans are. But s far that is nly true fr the specific tasks fr which the systems have been designed. That is smething that sme AI develpers are nw eager t change.
Sme f tday’s AI pineers want t mve n frm tday’s wrld f “weak” r “narrw” AI, t create “strng” r “full” AI, r what is ften called artificial general intelligence (AGI). In sme respects, tday’s pwerful cmputing machines already make ur brains lk weak. A GI culd, its advcates say, wrk fr us arund the clck, and drawing n all available data, culd suggest slutins t many prblems. DM, a cmpany fcused n the develpment f AGI, has an ambitin t “slve intelligence”. “If we’re successful,” their missin statement reads, “we believe this will be ne f the mst imprtant and widely beneficial scientific advances ever made.”
Since the early days f AI, imaginatin has utpaced what is pssible r even prbable. In 1965, an imaginative mathematician called Irving Gd predicted the eventual creatin f an “ultra-intelligent machine…that can far surpass all the intellectual (智力的) activities f any man, hwever clever.” Gd went n t suggest that “the first ultra-intelligent machine” culd be “the last inventin that man need ever make.”
Fears abut the appearance f bad, pwerful, man-made intelligent machines have been reinfrced (强化) by many wrks f fictin — Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein and the Terminatr film series, fr example. But if AI des eventually prve t be ur dwnfall, it is unlikely t be at the hands f human-shaped frms like these, with recgnisably human mtivatins such as aggressin (敌对行为). Instead, I agree with Oxfrd University philspher Nick Bstrm, wh believes that the heaviest risks frm A GI d nt cme frm a decisin t turn against mankind but rather frm a dgged pursuit f set bjectives at the expense f everything else.
The prmise and danger f true A GI are great. But all f tday’s excited discussin abut these pssibilities presuppses the fact that we will be able t build these systems. And, having spken t many f the wrld’s fremst AI researchers, I believe there is gd reasn t dubt that we will see A GI any time sn, if ever.
9.What des the underlined wrd “ubiquitus” in Paragraph I prbably mean?
A.Enrmus in quantity.B.Changeable daily.
C.Stable in quality.D.Present everywhere.
10.What culd AGI d fr us, accrding t its supprters?
A.Help t tackle prblems.B.Make brains mre active.
C.Benefit ambitius peple.D.Set up pwerful databases.
11.As fr Irving Gd’s pinin n ultra-intelligent machines, the authr is ____________.
A.supprtiveB.disapprving
C.fearfulD.uncertain
12.What can be inferred abut AGI frm the passage?
A.It may be nly a dream.
B.It will cme int being sn.
C.It will be cntrlled by humans.
D.It may be mre dangerus than ever.
【答案】9.D 10.A 11.B 12.A
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。文章主要就通用人工智能(AGI)实现的可能性进行了论述。
9.词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句后面的Fr example, algrithms (算法) carry ut huge vlumes f trading n ur financial markets, self-driving cars are appearing n city streets, and ur smartphnes are translating frm ne language int anther(例如，算法在我们的金融市场上进行大量交易，自动驾驶汽车出现在城市街道上，我们的智能手机正在从一种语言翻译成另一种语言)可知，人工智能在我们生活中用处十分广泛。由此推知，划线词所在句意为“某些形式的人工智能确实正在变得无处不在”，即划线词与D选项“Present everywhere.(在任何地方存在)”意思接近。故选D项。
10.细节理解题。根据第二段AGI culd, its advcates say, wrk fr us arund the clck, and drawing n all available data, culd suggest slutins t many prblems(AGI的倡导者说，AGI可以24小时为我们工作，并利用所有可用的数据，可以提出许多问题的解决方案)可知，AGI(通用人工智能)的倡导者认为，AGI(通用人工智能)可以提出许多问题的解决方案，帮助我们解决问题。因此，A选项“Help t tackle prblems(帮助解决问题)”符合题意。故选A项。
11.推理判断题。根据第三段Since the early days f AI, imaginatin has utpaced what is pssible r even prbable. In 1965, an imaginative mathematician called Irving Gd predicted the eventual creatin f an “ultra-intelligent machine…that can far surpass all the intellectual (智力的) activities f any man, hwever clever.”(自从人工智能的早期，想象力已经超过了可能。1965年，一位富有想象力的数学家欧文·古德预言，最终将创造出一台“超智能机器……它将远远超过任何一个人的智力活动，无论他有多聪明。”)可知，作者认为Irving Gd对“超智能机器”的想象力超出了实现的可能，作者并不赞成他的观点，因此B项“disapprving(不赞成)”符合题意。故选B项。
12.推理判断题。根据文章最后一句And, having spken t many f the wrld's fremst AI researchers, I believe there is gd reasn t dubt that we will see A GI any time sn, if ever. (而且，在与世界上许多顶尖的人工智能研究人员交谈后，我相信有充分的理由怀疑我们是否会很快看到AGI)可推断出，通用人工智能（AGI）或许只是一个梦想，A选项“It may be nly a dream(它也许仅仅是一个梦想)”符合题意。故选择A项。
2. 因果推断题
要求考生根据已知结果推测导致结果的可能原因或根据已有的原因推断可能的结果。考生要准确掌握文章的内涵，理解文章的真正含义。最关键的是要找准事物间存在的因果关系信息，根据已有信息，进行分析判断推理，从而推出最符合逻辑的原因或判断出最可能导致的结果。
【真题再现】（2020·海南高考真题）Rainfrests are hme t a rich variety f medicinal plants, fd, birds and animals. Can yu believe that a single bush（灌木丛）in the Amazn may have mre species f ants than the whle f Britain! Abut 480 varieties f trees may be fund in just ne hectare f rainfrest.
Rainfrests are the lungs f the planet-string vast quantities f carbn dixide and prducing a significant amunt f the wrld's xygen. Rainfrests have their wn perfect system fr ensuring their wn survival; the tall trees make a canpy（树冠层）f branches and leaves which prtect themselves, smaller plants, and the frest animals frm heavy rain, intense dry heat frm the sun and strng winds.
Amazingly, the trees grw in such a way that their leaves and branches, althugh clse tgether, never actually tuch thse f anther tree. Scientists think this is the plants' way t prevent the spread f any tree diseases and make life mre difficult fr leaf-eating insects like caterpillars. T survive in the frest, animals must climb, jump r fly acrss the gaps. The grund flr f the frest is nt all tangled leaves and bushes, like in films, but is actually fairly clear. It is where dead leaves turn int fd fr the trees and ther frest life.
They are nt called rainfrests fr nthing! Rainfrests can generate 75%f their wn rain. At least 80 inches f rain a year is nrmal-and in sme areas there may be as much as 430 inches f rain annually. This is real rain-yur umbrella may prtect yu in a shwer, but it wn't keep yu dry if there is a full rainstrm. In just tw hurs, streams can rise ten t twenty feet. The humidity（湿气）f large rainfrests cntributes t the frmatin f raincluds that may travel t ther cuntries in need f rain.
1.What can we learn abut rainfrests frm the first paragraph?
A.They prduce xygen.B.They cver a vast area.
C.They are well managed.D.They are rich in wildlife.
2.Which f the fllwing cntributes mst t the survival f rainfrests?
A.Heavy rainsB.Big trees.
C.Small plants.D.Frest animals.
3.Why d the leaves and branches f different trees avid tuching each ther?
A.Fr mre sunlight.B.Fr mre grwing space.
C.Fr self-prtectin.D.Fr the detectin f insects.
4.What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A.Life-Giving RainfrestsB.The Law f the Jungle
C.Animals in the AmaznD.Weather in Rainfrests
【答案】1.D 2.B 3.C 4.A
【分析】
本文是说明文。热带雨林被称为“世界上最大的药房”，因为超过25%的现代药物是由其植物提炼。热带雨林也享有“地球之肺”的美誉，因其植物的光合作用净化地球空气的能力尤为强大。仅亚马逊热带雨林产生的氧气就占全球氧气总量的1/3。
1.细节理解题。根据第一段Rainfrests are hme t a rich variety f medicinal plants, fd, birds and animals.得知，热带雨林蕴藏了丰富多彩的药用植物、食物以及鸟禽猛兽。可知，热带雨林有丰富的野生动物，故选D。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段Rainfrests have their wn perfect system fr ensuring their wn survival; the tall trees make a canpy（树冠层）f branches and leaves which prtect themselves, smaller plants, and the frest animals frm heavy rain, intense dry heat frm the sun and strng winds.得知，热带雨林有自己完美的生存体系，高大的树木有枝干，树叶的树冠层保护树木本身、小植物、动物们免受大雨和太阳强风带来的干燥热浪的伤害。可知，大树有助于热带雨林生存，故选B。
3.推理判断题。根据第三段Scientists think this is the plants' way t prevent the spread f any tree diseases and make life mre difficult fr leaf-eating insects like caterpillars.得知，科学家们认为这是植物阻止任何树木疾病扩散和让比如毛毛虫这种食用树叶的昆虫难以生存。可以判断出不同树木的树叶和树枝避免彼此触碰是为了自我保护，故选C。
4.主旨大意题。本文首先讲述了热带雨林蕴藏了丰富多彩的药用植物、食物以及鸟禽猛兽。其次，热带雨林就是地球的肺——它吸纳了大量的二氧化碳，并制造了全球氧气的很大部分。然后，雨林可以自我形成所需降雨的75%，而庞大的热带雨林湿气则可以形成雨云，这些雨云则可以飘往那些缺雨水的国家。可以判断出本文最佳标题是“给予生命的热带雨林”，故选A。
3. 人物性格、心情处境、态度及观点等推断题
高考阅读测试中有些题目考查学生对文章作者的主导思想、被描写人物语气、言谈话语中流露的情绪、性格倾向和作用或文中人物的态度、观点等方面的理解。做这一类题时一定注意：
（1）由表及里地准确把握字里行间的意思，切勿用自己的主观想法或观点代替作者的思想观点。
（2）特别注意那些描写环境气氛的语言，以及表达感情，态度观点的词语。要特别注意作者在文章中的措辞，尤其是感情色彩的形容词。
（3）能结合自己平时积累的有关英语国家的文化传统、风俗习惯等背景知识来识别评价。
干扰项特点：
1. 是自己的某种看法或观点
2. 是社会的一种普遍种倾向
3. 是与本文无关或与作者相反的观点或看法等
解题技巧：
1. 问全文主体事物的(包括主题)，可以根据阐述主题或有关主体事物的相关句中表达感情色彩的形容词、副词或动词确定作者的态度；
2. 如果问的是对某一具体事物的态度，则可以定位到具体相关句，然后确定答案。
【真题再现】（2020·海南高考真题）The end f the schl year was in sight and spirits were high. I was back teaching after an absence f 15 years, dealing with the varius kinds f "frbidden fruit" that cme ut f bk bags. Nw was the spring f the water pistl.
I decided t think up a methd f dealing with frbidden fruit.
"Please bring that pistl t me," I said. "I'm ging t put it in my Grandma's Bx."
"What's that?" they asked.
"It's a large wden chest full f tys fr my grandchildren," I replied,
"Yu dn't have grandchildren," smene said.
"I dn't nw." I replied. "But smeday I will. When I d, my bx will be full f wnderful things fr them."
My imaginary Grandma's Bx wrked like magic that spring, and later. Smetimes. students wuld ask me t describe all the things I had in it. Then I wuld try t remember the different pssessins I suppsedly had taken away—since I seldm actually kept them. Usually the ffender wuld appear at the end f the day, and I wuld return the belnging.
The-years went by, and my first grandchild Grdn was brn. I shared my jy with that year's class. Then smene said, "Nw yu can use yur Grandma's Bx." Frm then n instead f cming t ask their pssessins back, the students wuld say, "That's kay. Put it in yur Grandma's Bx fr Grdn."
I lved talking abut the imaginary bx, nt nly with my students but als with my wn children. They enjyed hearing abut all the frbidden fruit I had cllected. Then ne Christmas I received a surprise gift—a large, beautifully made wden chest. My sn Bruce had made my Grandma's Bx a reality.
5.What was the authr's purpse in having the cnversatin with the students?
A.T cllect the water pistl.B.T talk abut her grandchildren.
C.T recmmend sme tys.D.T explain her teaching methd.
6.What d the underlined wrds "the ffender" in paragraph 8 refer t?
A.The student's parent.B.The maker f the Grandma's Bx.
C.The authr's grandchild.D.The wner f the frbidden fruit.
7.What did the students d after they learned abut the birth f Grdn?
A.They went t play with the baby.B.They asked t see the Grandma's Bx.
C.They made a present fr Grdn.D.They stpped asking their tys back.
8.What can we infer abut the authr?
A.She enjys telling jkes.B.She is a strict and smart teacher.
C.She lves ding wdwrk.D.She is a respnsible grandmther
【答案】5.A 6.D 7.D 8.B
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲叙了作者为收集学生们带到学校的玩具，想出了一个“奶奶的盒子”的办法。到后来，作者的第一个孙子出生，学生们也不再来要求归还他们的财物了，作者也在某一年圣诞节收到了儿子制作的大木箱，将“奶奶的盒子”变成了现实。
5.细节理解题。根据第一段中“I was back teaching after an absence f 15 years, dealing with the varius kinds f "frbidden fruit" that cme ut f bk bags. Nw was the spring f the water pistl.(在缺席了15年之后，我又回到了教书的地方，处理从书包里掏出的各种各样的“禁果”。现在流行的是水枪)”以及第三段中“‘Please bring that pistl t me,’ I said. ‘I'm ging t put it in my Grandma's Bx.’(“请把那支水枪给我，”我说。“我要把它放在我‘奶奶的盒子’里。”)”由此可知，作者与学生进行对话的目的是收集水枪。故选A。
6.词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“I wuld return the belnging”结合上文提到作者把学生带到学校的玩具称为“禁果”，且作者的“盒子”里装的就是“禁果”，所以作者等到这些禁果的拥有者在一天结束的时候出现，然后就会归还他们的物品。由此可知，划线词意思为“禁果的拥有者”。故选D。
7.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Frm then n instead f cming t ask their pssessins back, the students wuld say, ‘That's kay. Put it in yur Grandma's Bx fr Grdn.’(从那时起，学生们不再来要求归还他们的财物，而是说：“没关系。把它放在你“奶奶给戈登的盒子”里)”由此可知，学生们在得知了戈登的出生后，他们不再索要玩具。故选D。
8.推理判断题。根据文章中作者要收集学生们从书包里掏出的各种各样的“禁果”，说明作者对待学生很严格；同时作者又想出了“奶奶的盒子”这个的方法来收集学生们的玩具，说明作者很聪明，由此可推知，作者是一个严格而聪明的老师。故选B。
4. 篇章结构推断题
根据不同文章的内容和写作目的，作者会采取记叙、描写、议论、说明或应用文体。作者也会采用叙述、例证、比较对照等不同的组织结构。不同文体的阅读难度、要求和任务不同，阅读方法也应不同。增强对篇章结构的理解能力有助于提高阅读质量。
【真题再现】Have yu ever wndered why birds sing? Maybe yu thught that they were just happy. After all, yu prbably sing r whistle when yu are happy.
Sme scientists believe that birds d sing sme f the time just because they are happy. Hwever, they sing mst f the time fr a very different reasn. Their singing is actually a warning t ther birds t stay ut f their territry.
…
1. Hw des the writer explain birds’ singing?
A. By cmparing birds with human beings.
B. By reprting experiment results.
C. By describing birds’ daily life.
D. By telling a bird’s stry.
【答案】A
【解析】由文章第一、二两段可知作者是把鸟儿和人类进行对比。
5. 文章结论推断题
由具体到一般，对已知的事实进行归纳总结性推断称为结论。
【真题再现】（2020·江苏高考真题）Fr thse wh can stmach it, wrking ut befre breakfast may be mre beneficial fr health than eating first, accrding t a study f meal timing and physical activity.
Athletes and scientists have lng knwn that meal timing affects perfrmance. Hwever, far less has been knwn abut hw meal timing and exercise might affect general health.
T find ut, British scientists cnducted a study. They first fund 10 verweight and inactive but therwise healthy yung men, whse lifestyles are, fr better and wrse, representative f thse f mst f us. They tested the men’s fitness and resting metablic (新陈代谢的) rates and tk samples (样品) f their bld and fat tissue.
Then, n tw separate mrning visits t the scientists’ lab, each man walked fr an hur at an average speed that, in thery, shuld allw his bdy t rely mainly n fat fr fuel. Befre ne f these wrkuts, the men skipped breakfast, meaning that they exercised n a cmpletely empty stmach after a lng vernight fast (禁食). On the ther ccasin, they ate a rich mrning meal abut tw hurs befre they started walking.
Just befre and an hur after each wrkut, the scientists tk additinal samples f the men’s bld and fat tissue.
Then they cmpared the samples. There were cnsiderable differences. Mst bviusly, the men displayed lwer bld sugar levels at the start f their wrkuts when they had skipped breakfast than when they had eaten. As a result, they burned mre fat during walks n an empty stmach than when they had eaten first. On the ther hand, they burned slightly mre calries (卡路里), n average, during the wrkut after breakfast than after fasting.
But it was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the mst significant, the researchers fund. Multiple genes behaved differently, depending n whether smene had eaten r nt befre walking. Many f these genes prduce prteins (蛋白质) that can imprve bld sugar regulatin and insulin (胰岛素) levels thrughut the bdy and s are assciated with imprved metablic health. These genes were much mre active when the men had fasted befre exercise than when they had breakfasted.
The implicatin f these results is that t gain the greatest health benefits frm exercise, it may be wise t skip eating first.
13.The underlined expressin “stmach it” in Paragraph 1 mst prbably means “______”.
A.digest the meal easilyB.manage withut breakfast
C.decide wisely what t eatD.eat whatever is ffered
14.Why were the 10 peple chsen fr the experiment?
A.Their lifestyles were typical f rdinary peple.
B.Their lack f exercise led t verweight.
C.They culd walk at an average speed.
D.They had slw metablic rates.
15.What happened t thse wh ate breakfast befre exercise?
A.They successfully lst weight.B.They cnsumed a bit mre calries.
C.They burned mre fat n average.D.They displayed higher insulin levels.
16.What culd be learned frm the research?
A.A wrkut after breakfast imprves gene perfrmances.
B.T much wrkut ften slws metablic rates.
C.Lifestyle is nt as imprtant as mrning exercise.
D.Physical exercise befre breakfast is better fr health.
【答案】13.B 14.A 15.B 16.D
【分析】
本文是说明文。文章介绍了一项研究，结果表明对于那些能忍受的人来说，不吃早餐锻炼可能对健康更有益。
13.词句猜测题。根据下文wrking ut befre breakfast may be mre beneficial fr health than eating first可知，早餐前锻炼可能比先吃饭再锻炼对健康更有益，因此推断这里说的是那些不吃早饭先锻炼的人，因此推断划线词与B项“不吃早饭能应付”意思相近。故选B。
14.细节理解题。根据第三段的They first fund 10 verweight and inactive but therwise healthy yung men, whse lifestyles are far better and wrse, representative f thse f mst f us.可知，他们首先找到了10个超重的，不活跃但健康的年轻人，他们的生活方式可以说更好，也可以说更糟，代表了我们大多数人。因此可知，实验时选择的10个人的生活方式代表了普通人。故选A。
15.细节理解题。根据第六段的As a result, they burned mre fat during walks n an empty stmach than when they had eaten first. On the ther hand. they burned slightly mre calries(卡路里), n average, during the wrkut after breakfast than after fasting.可知，结果，他们空腹散步时燃烧的脂肪比他们首先吃东西时所燃烧的脂肪要多。 另一方面。平均而言，他们在早餐后锻炼时燃烧的卡路里略多于禁食后。因此可知，锻炼前吃早饭消耗更多一点的热量。故选B。
16.推理判断题。根据最后一段The implicatin f these results is that t gain the greatest health benefits frm exercise, it may be wise t skip eating first.可知，这些结果的暗示，为了从运动中获得最大的健康益处，先不吃东西可能更明智。因此推断早饭前的体育锻炼对健康更有益。故选D。
【题型演练】
1
Claire Wyatt, a 24-year-ld British vlunteer, led eight Cambdians living with disabilities n a 155-mile bike ride frm Phnm Penh, the natin’s capital, t Siem Reap t raise mney and deliver supplies t thse in need in the crnavirus pandemic(新冠病毒大流行).
“Leading this trip was an incredibly special experience fr me,” said Claire. “Nt nly was I encuraged by the determinatin f each and every rider, but als the team taught me every day nt t fcus n their disability.”
When she was first asked t lead the trip, Claire admitted, she was feeling nervus abut her team traveling such a distance in just a few days because cycling with a disability can cme with added physical and emtinal challenges.
One team member named Dy, wh lst an arm in an accident, biked using just ne arm t balance. Anther named Vulta culd nly pedal n ne side due t pli(小儿麻痹). Despite all the difficulties, Claire realized quickly that she didn’t have t wrry abut her team. She saw them deal with rugh area that she had seen abled cyclists give up n befre.
The vlunteers cvered the distance in just fur days, nt nly helping s many peple acrss the cuntry, but als vercming huge difficulties t get there.
“The best thing abut this ride is that the riders have all vlunteered their time t d this. They are s enthusiastic abut Cambdia and raising mney fr thers in need,” said Claire. “The mney raised will feed 99 families in Siem Reap.”
Claire recalled her favrite mment f the experience, when ne f the cyclists pushed an exhausted teammate up a hill fr 2 miles. “One mment that std ut fr me was when Naret, ur nly female rider, was feeling tired,” she said. “Her fellw rider gently put his hand n her back and pushed her fr 2 miles! They were encuraging each ther t push thrugh the tiredness.”
1. Why did Claire and eight Cambdians cycle 155 miles?
A. T challenge themselves.B. T help ut needy peple.
C. T take part in a cmpetitin.D. T raise mney fr the disabled.
2. What wrried Claire befre the ride?
A. She might be injured n the rad.
B. She wuld be unable t lead the team.
C. Her team might be lked dwn n.
D. Her team culdn’t finish the rute.
3. Which f the fllwing can best describe the team?
A. Cnfident, calm and friendly.
B. Hnest, patient and pen-minded.
C. Strng-minded, brave and caring.
D. Curius, creative and experienced.
4. What did Claire think f the jurney?
A. It culd have taken less time.
B. It was amazing and inspiring.
C. It changed her idea abut human nature.
D. It was mre difficult than she had expected.
2
Mney might nt grw n trees, but scientists have cnfirmed that gld is fund in the leaves f sme plants. Researchers frm Australia say that the presence f the particles (颗粒) in a eucalyptus (桉树) tree’s leaves shws that depsits (矿藏) are buried many meters belw. They believe that the discvery ffers a new way t find the valuable metal in difficult-t-reach areas.
Dr Mel Lintern said: “We have fund a lt f the easy particles in Australia in this way. Nw we are trying t find the mre difficult nes that are buried tens f meters belw. And the trees are prviding us with a methd t be able t d this.”
Using a vast machine that uses X-rays t explre matter in detail—they fund gld in the leaves and small thin branches.
“We need 500 eucalyptus trees grwing ver a gld depsit t have enugh gld in the tress themselves t make a gld ring,” said Dr Lintern. Hwever the presence f the particles pinted t richer depsits buried mre than 30m belw. He added, “We believe that the trees are acting like a pump(水泵). They are bringing life-giving water frm their rts, and in ding s, they are taking smaller gld particles up int the leaves.”
The scientists said that research n plants culd ffer a better and simpler methd t discver gld depsits. Dr Lintern said: “Nt nly d we believe it is a way f saving the explratin cst, because explring fr these depsits can be quite expensive, it als reduces the damage t the envirnment because we are taking a very small amunt frm the trees themselves, as well as the leaves and branches n the grund. The plant-analyzing(解析) methd is certain t wrk!”
5. Which f the fllwing is the best title f the passage?
A. A New Way t Prtect Metal Depsits.
B. Newly-discvered Gld Depsits.
C. Gld in Trees leading t Hidden Depsits.
D. Gld Fund in Eucalyptus Trees in Australia.
6. Frm paragraph 3, we can knw that __________.
A. the amunt f the valuable metal in a eucalyptus tree’s leaves was very small
B. a pump takes smaller gld particles up int the leaves
C. a tree grwing ver a gld depsit have enugh gld t make a gld ring
D. the rts can take water and depsits up int the leaves
7. Which f the fllwing cannt describe the planting-analyzing methd?
A. uselessB. cheapC. envirnmentally-friendlyD. simple
8. We can infer that Dr. Lintern_____________.
A. is dubtful abut the plant-analyzing methd
B. is cnfident f the plant-analyzing methd
C. is very satisfied with what he has achieved in mining
D. is tired f discvering gld depsits in the wild
3
When ur secnd baby was cining, I culdn’t help wrrying abut my lder daughter. Wuld the intrductin f a sibling(兄弟姐妹) be a prblem fr her? Wuld she like a sibling? My husband and I read all the bks we culd find n preparing fr a sibling and came up with a plan f actin t help ur daughter get used t it.
Our plan went really smthly fr the first year f ur daughters, living tgether. But as the little ne grew and became a persn with pinins and feet that walked and hands that culd pick up tys easily, things gt mre difficult.
Having mre than ne kid is a management challenge — ne I failed at daily. I immediately turned t a bestseller Siblings Withut Rivalry by Adele Faber and Elaine Mazlish — and it was helpful. But it paid mre attentin t lder siblings and thse wh are clser in age than ur tw.
And, then, tw mnths ag I received a cpy f Dr. Laura Markham’s Peaceful Parent, Happy Siblings, and it changed my parenting frever. It is a step-by-step guide t calming cnflict and creating cnnectin and even friendship between siblings. Frm laying the grundwrk fr emtinal cnnectin s kids are less likely t act ut n their siblings, t managing fights, this is a great guide t helping yur kids get alng. And it actually includes examples yu can relate t.
My husband and I are parenting differently and better since reading it. The bk is f practical value and really wrth reading. If yu are thinking f adding anther child t yur family r yu have truble with the nes yu have pick it up.
9. What wrried the authr?
A. When t have a secnd baby.
B. Hw t balance her wrk and life.
C. Whether her secnd baby wuld be healthy.
D. Whether her lder daughter wuld accept a sibling.
10. Hw did their plan wrk when the secnd kid grew lder?
A. It turned ut rather rewarding.B. It prved quite reasnable.
C. It didn’t functin effectively.D. It was very efficient.
11. What did the authr think f the bk Siblings Withut Rivalry?
A. It was nt helpful at all.B. It didn’t wrk s well fr her family.
C. It eased cnflicts in the family.D. It wrsened her parenting prblems.
12. What’s the authr’s purpse in writing this text?
A. T entertain readers with family stries.
B. T infrm readers f parenting prblems.
C. T recmmend a bk t ptential readers.
D. T warn parents f the cst f raising kids.
4
Electric cars with heavy batteries shuld face higher taxes due t harmful particles(小颗粒) released by their tyres and their impact n the rad surface, experts have recmmended.
It is knwn that switching t electric cars will remve pllutants frm exhausts(废气). Hwever, mdels with large batteries capable f travelling 300 miles between charges emit(排放）up t 8 percent mre particles frm tyres and rad wear than petrl cars, accrding t a reprt by the Organisatin fr Ecnmic C-peratin and Develpment. It says electric vehicles shuld als be charged tlls(过路费) aimed at reducing emissins.
Drivers culd als be encuraged t buy lighter electric cars by linking vehicle taxes t weight, the Paris-based think tank(专家组) adds. It calls fr a “reevaluatin f the net envirnmental benefits” f electric cars and suggests that they shuld nt be given “blanket supprt”. “Rad traffic regulatins shuld cnsider bth exhaust and nn - exhaust emissins frm all vehicles and shuld take int accunt factrs like vehicle weight and tyre cmpsitin, it says. “While exhaust emissins are heavily regulated, there are n limits n the pllutin a car can cause frm tyres, brakes and rad surfaces. With strict cntrls n tailpipe emissins and rapid develpment f electric vehicles, nn — exhaust emissins are quickly becming the majr surce f particles frm rad transprt,” the think tank says.
Electric cars are almst £90 cheaper t insure than petrl cars due t electric cars having fewer mving parts, which makes them less likely t break dwn, accrding t a study by Cmpare the market, the price cmparisn website.
13. Why shuld electric cars with heavy batteries face higher taxes?
A. Because they are mre expensive.
B. Because they release mre exhausts.
C. Because their tyres threaten the envirnment.
D. Because their batteries need charging frequently.
14. What can we learn abut electric cars frm Paragraph 2?
A. Their drivers dn’t pay tlls at present.
B. They emit 8 percent less particles than petrl cars.
C. They can remve pllutants frm exhausts and batteries.
D. Their pwer can be switched between electricity and petrl.
15. Which f the fllwing will the think tank supprt?
A. Electric vehicle taxes shuld be decided by its cst.
B. The pllutin caused frm car brakes can be ignred.
C. Tailpipe emissins are still the majr surce f particles.
D. The benefits f electric cars t the envirnment are ver estimated.
16. What accunts fr cheaper insurance f electric cars?
A. Fewer vehicle failures.B. Better tyre cmpsitin.
C. Lwer vehicle weight.D. Mre advanced functins.
5
Anna Akter, a nine-year-ld student at a flating schl in Bangladeshi remte Natre district, says she might have missed ut n her educatin during annual flds withut her bat-based classrm. The same ges fr Khushi Khatun, wh als studies at the bat schl where she gets free tuitin and materials. “Had there been n such schl, she wuld have had t walk tw kilmeters alng a muddy path r take a bat jurney which may have discuraged her frm studying, said her father, a farmer in Pangasia village.
Each year, much f the Bangladesh cuntryside is hit by flding. With arund tw thirds f the cuntry's 160 millin peple living in rural areas, during a nrmal rainy seasn, sme 1.5 millin students are estimated t be affected by flds.
The bats first served as the schl bus, cllecting children frm different riverside stps. Instead f the students ging t schl, the schl reaches them,” said Mhammed Rezwan, funder f Shidhulai Swanirvar Sangstha, the nn-prfit rganizatin that intrduced the cuntry's first flating schl system.
Rezwan, an architect, was brn and brught up in Natre district, and he himself was lucky as he didn't miss schl in the rainy seasn thanks t his family's bat. While at university, it ccurred t him that if children culdn't make it t schl, their classrm shuld g t them. S he established Shidhulai Swanirvar Sangstha in 1998 with $ 500 frm his savings and schlarship mney, and the flating schl cncept was launched in 2002.
The flating schls cver an area f 2 square km, ffering primary level educatin t lcal children wh might therwise have stayed away frm schl. Shidhulai Swanirvar Sangstha nw als trains adult villagers n children's and wmen's rights, nutritin and health, and hw t farm ducks and fish alngside vegetables in “flating gardens, helping them adapt t the impacts f climate change.
17. What d the tw girls d during the rainy seasn?
A. They study at a bat schl.B. They g t a tuitin-schl.
C. They stay away frm schl.D. They take a bat t schl.
18. What is special abut a flating schl?
A. The bat serves as a schl bus.B. The bat is used as a classrm.
C. It never stps at a fixed spt.D. It ffers free schling t all children.
19. What made Rezwan start the flating schl system?
A. His desire t make mney.B. His interest in teaching.
C. His childhd experience.D. The farmers' request.
20. What is the purpse f this text?
A. T shw the effects f climate n schls.B. T explain the climate f Bangladesh.
C. T praise Rezwan fr his selfless acts.D. T intrduce a new schl system.
6
In the past few decades, parental fears ver their children's “fragile” egs (脆弱的自我) have dminated thinking. Rather than using failure t imprve, participatin and effrt have becme what is celebrated. Parents nw see failure as a terrible disaster with negative cnsequences as ppsed t smething their children culd recver and grw frm.
In a recent study, administratrs at Harvard bserved that despite awesme grades, the kids entering cllege seem unable t take care f themselves and think fr themselves. The study pints t the fact that fr all their lives their parents have taken care f every need, tld them what path t fllw and if any difficulty ccurs, have made sure t fix it fr them. As a result, children have lst the ability t feel cmpetent and t be in charge f their wn lives.
I was a baseball player. When the pprtunity t cach my sn's team came up, I was in tw minds. I wanted my kids t d activities withut their dad hanging arund. But an ld friend happened t be the head cach and he cnvinced me t help ut. I cached it well, rarely having a hand in training my sn. I fund ut the learning pprtunities n and ff the field were even better than I had imagined.
Last seasn, ur team lst 0-13. In the pst-game meeting, my message was, “Yu have t learn hw t lse if yu ever want t win.” When saying this t the team, I was met with blank stares. When I said it t the parents, there was sme ndding but nt everyne was n bard. Shuldn't I be praising the kids fr their every actin? Why didn't I put nly the best players at the “imprtant” psitins? Hw cme I didn't replace kids wh were struggling with players wh culd d better?
Luckily, the parents eventually gt my message and I didn't get any push-back at all. They desired t learn mre abut life lessns that failure culd teach their kids. And the team began t win games after early lsses.
21. What des children's failure mean t parents?
A. Children's self-reflectin.
B. Destructive effects n children.
C. A steppingstne t children's success.
D. Parental irrespnsibility in raising children.
22. What prevents children thinking independently based n the study?
A. The rapidly-develping sciety.
B. Parents' high expectatins f children.
C. Children's wrng attitude twards failure.
D. T much parental interventin in children's life.
23. Hw did the authr feel when ffered the chance t cach his sn's team?
A. Excited.B. Cnfident.
C. Hesitant.D. Uninterested.
24. What d the three questins in paragraph 4 imply?
A. Sme parents dubted the authr's strategies.
B. The players felt cnfused abut their failure.
C. The authr was t blame fr the team's defeat.
D. The authr ignred the head cach's gd advice.