2024—2025中考英语二轮专题10 感叹句&祈使句&疑问句-中考英语真题题源解密（全国通用）（原卷版）

这是一份2024—2025中考英语二轮专题10 感叹句&祈使句&疑问句-中考英语真题题源解密（全国通用）（原卷版），共12页。
本专题复习几种特殊句式：包含倒装、反意疑问句，it构成的句式等。中考出现考题不多。只有其中感叹句和疑问句考查较多一些。疑问句主要考查疑问词的辨异。倒装句这几年中考几乎没考，就不作讲解。中考重点考向是疑问句和感叹句，请老师和同学们特别注意。
【感叹句】
考向一、感叹句
由what引导的感叹句
1. ① What + a / an+（形容词）+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！
② What+名词词组+主语+谓语！
What a fine day it is!
2. What+(形容词）+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语!
What kind wmen they are!
What nice music it is!
由Hw引导的感叹句
（hw用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。）
1. Hw+形容词（副词）+主语+谓语！
Hw hard the wrkers are wrking!
Hw clever the girl is!
Hw quickly the by is writing!
1. (2023·广州)他们还赢得了广东省飞镖比赛冠军。多么棒的项目啊！
They wn the Champinship f Guangdng Darts Match, t. ________________________ prject it is!
【答案】What a wnderful
【解析】根据题干可知此处是一个感叹句。中心词为可数名词prject“项目”，符合结构：What+ a/an+形容词+主语+谓语。prject是以辅音音素开头，应用a；wnderful“极好的”。故填What a wnderful。
2. (2023·河北) 2. fine, what, weather （连词成句）
____________________!
【答案】What fine weather
【解析】根据标点提示可知，本句是感叹句，强调的中心词是不可数名词weather，用“What+adj+不可数名词!”句型，故填What fine weather“多好的天气啊”。
3.(2023·江苏南通). ________ it was t see the main sights f the wrld in the Wrld Park!
A Hw amazing dayB. Hw an amazing day
C. What amazing dayD. What an amazing day
【答案】D
【解析】句意：在世界公园里看到世界的主要景点是多么美妙的一天啊！
考查感叹句。句子是感叹句，中心词是可数名词单数day，用感叹句结构：What a/an adj. n.+主谓。故选D。
4.(2023·江苏宿迁). —China wn all the gld medals at the 2023 Wrld Table Tennis Champinships.
—______ exciting news!
A. What aB. Hw aC. HwD. What
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——中国包揽了2023年世乒赛的所有金牌。——多么令人兴奋的消息啊！
考查感叹句，感叹句的中心词news是不可数名词，此处用“What+形容词+不可数名词”结构。故选D。
1.(2023·辽宁营口) ________ useful knwledge the astrnaut in Tiangng Classrm has taught us!
A. HwB. WhatC. Hw aD. What a
2.(2023·辽宁盘锦) The cheers filled the air. ________ an exciting basketball game!
A. WhatB. WhyC. WhD. Hw
3.(2023·长春) _______ gd day! Why nt take a walk alng the sea?
A. WhatB. What aC. HwD. Hw a
4.(2023·) 《山行》是一首多么美的诗啊！
________ ________ beautiful pem Ging up the Hill is!
5. ________ clever girl Kitty is! She can cme up with sme creative ways t finish the prject.
A. What B. Hw a C. Hw D. What a
6. ________special classes we had! We have learned a lt abut paper cutting.
A. WhatB. What aC. Hw aD. Hw
7.-___________wnderful the music is! What’s its name? -Victry.
A. HwB. Hw aC. WhatD. What a
8. ________ delicius the sup is! I’d like sme mre.
A. Hw B. Hw an C. What D. What an
9. —Have yu heard f the news that the three astrnauts have returned t the earth safely?
—Of curse. ________ exciting the news is!
A. What B. What an C. Hw D. Hw an
10. — ________ fine weather! Let’s fly a kite in the park, shall we?
—Gd idea!
A. Hw B. Hw a C. What D. What a
11. —________ sad music Abing played!
—Yeah. Every time I listen t it, I’m really mved.
A. What a B. What an C. What D. Hw
12. ________ imprtant wrk the teachers are ding! Let’s shw ur respect fr them.
A. Hw B. What a C. What an D. What
13. — ________ fine it is tday! Why nt g fr a walk？
—That sunds gd. Let’s g.
A. Hw B. What a C. What
14. ________ valuable advice yu gave me! I’ll take actin at nce.
A. What B. What a C. Hw D. Hw a
15. _________ gldfish! Wh bught them?
A. What a pretty B. Hw a pretty C. What pretty D. Hw petty
【祈使句】
考向二、祈使句
1. 祈使句表示请求、命令、建议、劝告和号召等含义，其肯定形式是以动词原形开头，否定形式是在动词原形之前加 dn’t。
2.祈使句基本结构
肯定句式有三种形式：
D型（以动词原形开头）
Sit dwn! Stand up!
（2）Be型（Be+表语，如名词、形容词）
Be quiet! Be quick!
（3）Let型（Let+人称代词宾格+动词原形+其他成分）
Let me help yu.
注意：为了祈使句的句式委婉、客气，常加上please一词，构成句式Please...或...，please.
Cme here please. Please lk after yur little sister.
3.祈使句的否定结构是在动词原形前加dn't
Please dn't g there. Dn't be late. Dn't let him in.
1.(2023·江苏徐州) 4Please mve yur car away, sir. This is “________” area.
A. N smkingB. N parkingC. N swimmingD. N littering
【答案】B
【解析】句意：先生，请把您的车开走。这里是“禁止停车”区域。
考查情景交际。祈使句表示请求、命令。N smking禁止吸烟；N parking禁止停车；N swimming禁止游泳；N littering禁止乱扔垃圾。根据“Please mve yur car away”可知，要把车开走，所以是禁止停车，故选B。
2.(2023·甘肃) ________ trying and d yur best.
A. KeepB. KeepingC. T keepD. Kept
【答案】A
【解析】句意：继续努力，尽你最大的努力。
考查祈使句。根据“and d yur best”可知句子是祈使句，以动词原形开头。故选A。
1.(2023·辽宁一模) — _______ late fr schl again, Tim! — Srry, I prmise that I _______.
A. Dn’t; wn’t B. Dn’t be; wn’t C. Dn’t be; dn’t D. Dn’t; will
2. __________ yur umbrella, r yu’ll catch a cld n such a rainy day.
A. Take B. T take C. Taking D. Taken
3.Please . The by is studying.
A. nt nisy B. dn’t nisy C. nt t be nisy D. dn’t be nisy
4. mre bks, and yu will imprve yur reading skills.
A. ReadingB. Read C . Reads D. T read
5. ________ the beef, carrts and ptates int a pt and add sme water.
A. Put B. T put C. Putting D. Puts
6. me an email befre yu cme t Hangzhu. I’ll meet yu at the airprt.
A. Sending B. T send C. Sends D. Send
7. ________ be late again, Bill!
A. Nt B. N C. Desn’t D. Dn’t
8. If yu have any questin, please ________ the teacher ________ help.
A. ask; abut B. asks; fr C. asks; abut D. ask, fr
9. —________ quiet, please! Yu are in the library.
— I’m srry, sir.
A. Keep B. T keep C. Keeping D. Keeps
10. Dn’t watch t much TV, _______?
A. will yu B. wn’t yu C. shall we D. d yu
【疑问句】
疑问句
常用的特殊疑问词有:wh，whm，whse，which，what，when，where，why，hw以及hw引出的词组hw many，hw lng，hw ften，hw sn, hw far等。在这里重点讲讲hw引出的词组的辨析。
考向三、疑问词的区别
辨析：hw引出的疑问词组
hw ften 意为“多久一次”，提问频率。
表示频率的副词有always(总是), usually(通常), ften(常常), smetimes/at times(有时), seldm(很少、不常), hardly(几乎不), never(决不、从来不)等；
hw lng 有两种用法
①hw lng意为“多长时间、多久”，提问一段时间，这是其主要用法。
表示一段时间的短语有：“fr+一段时间” 意为“长达……”，如fr fur days(长达四天)；“since+时间点或时间状语从句” 意为“自从……以来”，如since yesterday/tw days ag(自从昨天/两天前以来)等。
②hw lng意为“多长”，提问事物的长度。
hw sn 意为“多久以后”，对“in+一段时间”提问，意为“……之后(内)”，表示从现在到将来动作发生时为止的一段时间，常与一般将来时态连用。 如in sme weeks(数周后)。
hw far 意为“多远”，提问两地之间的距离。
表示两地间距离的短语常见的有five kilmeters(五千米), a few miles(数英里), ten minutes’ walk(十分钟的步行路程), three hurs’ ride(三小时的车程)等
hw much 有两种用法
①“多少钱”，对价格或价钱提问，相当于“What’s the price f sth.？” 意为“某物多少钱？”。
—Hw much is the bike?
=What’s the price f the bike? 自行车的价格是多少？ —50. 五十美元。
②“多少”，对不可数名词的数量提问，有时hw much接的不可数名词可省略。
—Hw much bread wuld yu like? 你要多少面包？ —Five kils f bread. 五公斤。
hw many “多少”，对复数名词的数量提问，有时hw many接的复数名词可省略。
—Hw many watches d yu want? 你要几块手表？
—Tw watches. 两块。
考向四、反意疑问句
反意疑问句由一个陈述句和一个简略式的疑问句构成。若陈述句部分为肯定式，疑问部分一般用否定式；若陈述句部分为否定式，则疑问部分一般用肯定式。陈述句部分如果有动词be、助动词或情态动词时，疑问部分要重复这些词。疑问部分的主语一般要用代词形式。如：
Mike was a singer, wasn’t he? 迈克是个歌手，是不是？
Lily came hme late, didn’t she? 莉莉很晚到家，是不是？
Ann and Mary wn’t cme, will they? 安和玛丽不会来了，是吗？
Yu can’t wrk ut the prblem, can yu? 你做不出这道题，是吗？
特殊变化的反意疑问句：
1 陈述句部分若是I am，疑问部分要用aren’t I。如：
I am very happy, aren’t I? 我很开心，不是吗？
2 陈述句部分主语是everybdy, everyne, smebdy或these, thse时，疑问部分用they作代词；陈述句部分主语
是everything, nthing, smething或this, that时，疑问部分用it作代词。如：
Everybdy is here, aren’t they? 大家都到齐了，是吗？
Everything is ready, isn’t it? 一切都准备好了，是吗？
3 当陈述句部分含有n, never, little, few, hardly, seldm等否定意义的词时，疑问部分用肯定形式。如：
N ne knws yu at the university, d they?
这个大学没人认识你，是吗？
She has never been t Australia, has she?
她从未去过澳大利亚，是吗？
4 陈述句部分是“I dn’t think / believe + 从句”时，疑问部分用肯定形式且对从句提问。如：
I dn’t think yu are a teacher, are yu?
我认为你不是个教师，对不对？
5 当领先的句子为祈使句时，疑问部分一般用will yu，有时也用culd / wuld yu。如：
Please pen the windw, will yu? 请开窗，好吗？
Dn’t pen the windw, will yu? 别开窗，好吗？
6 以Let’s开头的句子，疑问部分用shall we。如：
Let’s d it right nw, shall we? 咱们现在就开始，好吗？
1. (2023·连云港) —________ have yu been a member f the Yuth League?
—Fr three years.
A. Hw lngB. Hw manyC. Hw ftenD. Hw far
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——你成为共青团员有多长时间了？——三年了。
考查特殊疑问句。Hw lng多久，多长；Hw many多少；Hw ften多久一次；Hw far多远。根据答句“Fr three years.”可知询问时长应用hw lng来提问。故选A。
2. (2023·江苏南通). —Excuse me, ________ is the Gengsu Theatre frm this htel?
—It’s abut ten minutes if yu take a taxi.
A. hw farB. hw lngC. hw snD. hw much
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——对不起，庚戌剧院离这家旅馆有多远？——如果你坐出租车大约需要十分钟。
考查特殊疑问句。hw far多远；hw lng多长时间；hw sn多久之后；hw much多少钱。根据“It’s abut ten minutes if yu take a taxi.”可知此处询问距离，疑问词用hw far。故选A。
3. (2023·甘肃) —________ d yu learn these wrds by heart?
—By using them in different ways.
A. WhenB. HwC. WhyD. Where
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——你是怎么把这些单词背下来的？——通过以不同的方式使用它们。
考查特殊疑问句。when什么时候；hw如何；why为什么；where哪里。根据“By using them...”可知此处询问方式，疑问词用hw。故选B。
1.(2023·江苏无锡) ________ is yur hmetwn? I can’t find it anywhere n the map.
A. WhatB. WhichC. WhenD. Where
2.(2023·辽宁抚顺) — ________ have yu been a member f the ftball team?
—Fr tw years.
A. Hw muchB. Hw ftenC. Hw manyD. Hw lng
3.(2023·吉林长春) — _______ d yu visit yur grandparents?
— Once a week. I play chess with them every Sunday evening.
A. Hw ftenB. Hw muchC. Hw lngD. Hw far
4. (2023·吉林长春)— Which seasn d yu like better in Changchun, winter r autumn?
— _______. I like playing with snw.
A. Yes, I dB. N, I dn’tC. WinterD. Autumn
5. —________ Lily have lng ________ shrt hair?
—She has lng hair.
A. Des; and B. Des; r C. Is; r D. Is; and
6. There used t be few huses here, ________?
A. did it B. didn’t there C. did there D. was there
7. There were few new wrds in the English cmpetitin fr yur daughter, ________?
A. were there B. weren’t there C. didn’t they D. did they
8. He’s never been late fr schl, ________?
A. has he B. hasn’t he C. is he D. isn’t he
9. They’ve visited mre than ten Eurpean cuntries these years , ________?
A. didn’t they B. did they C. haven’t they D. have they
10. Everybdy knws the answer, ________?
A. des he B. desn’t it C. d they D. dn’t they
11. He hardly watches TV, ________?
A. des he B. desn’t he C. d he D. dn’t he
12. They can’t finish the wrk n time, ______?
culd they B. culdn’t theyC. can they D. can’t they
13.They have t wash their clthes by themselves, ______?
A haven’t they B. mustn’t they C. wn’t they D. dn’t they
14.Dn’t frget t lck the dr, _______?
A. d yu B. dn’t yu C. will yu D. wn’t yu
15. Let’s g swimming, _______?
A. will yu B. shall we C. wn’t yu D. can we
16. —______ is a ticket fr a kid (儿童票)?
—It’s free fr kids under three.
A. Hw lng B. Hw ld C. Hw much D. Hw many
17. —Hw much d yu need?
—________.
A. Twenty dllars fr a pair B. Once a week C. A spn f hneyD . Three apples
18. —________ d yu celebrate the Duble Ninth Festival (重阳节)?
—We usually climb hills, bring sme presents and visit the ld peple.
A. Hw B. Why C. What D. When
19. —________ butter d we need t make a sandwich?
—One spn is enugh.
A. Hw many B. Hw much C. Hw far D. What
20. —I wnder ________ yu can finish the wrk. —In tw weeks.
A. hw sn B. hw lng C. hw ften D. hw abut
21. —What des his mther lk like?
—________.
A. She’s thin B. She’s a dctr C. She’s frty D. She’s shy
22 — ________ is it tday?
— It’s Mnday.
A. What day B. What abut C. What time D. What clr
23. —________ d yu take an English exam?
—Once a mnth.
A. Hw lng B. Hw sn C. Hw ften D. Hw much
24. —________ will yu stay with yur grandparents?
—Fr ne week.
A. Hw ften B. Hw lng C. Hw far D. Hw many
25. —________ the ppulatin f ur city?
—Mre than 9 millin.
A. Hw many is B. Hw much is C. What’s D. What’re
26. —________ ruler is this?
—It’s ________.
A. Wh; hers B. Whse; him C. Whse; mine
27. — ________ is the English test?
—It’s next mnth.
A. Wh B. Where C. What D. When
28. —________ have yu stayed in this htel?
—Nt lng, just ________ this Wednesday.
A. Hw sn; since B. Hw lng; since C. Hw sn; frm D. Hw lng; frm
29. Badmintn, table , ________ d yu like t play?
A. what ther B. what else C. hw many ther D. hw many else
30. —________?
—It’s Thursday the 7th
A. What’s tday B. What time is it nwC. What’s the date tday D. What day is it tday
【it的基本用法】
考向四、it的基本用法
it的基本用法包括：指事物，指动物或婴儿，指上文提到的情况，指身份不明的人，指时间、距离、环境、天气等自然现象，等。
It's still raining. 还在下雨。
It's tw miles t the beach. 到海边有两英里。
It was very quiet in the cafe. 咖啡馆里很安静。
They gt a baby and it was very lvely. 他们生了个孩子，很可爱。
1. 形式主语：当不定式、动名词、从句等用作主语时，句首使用形式主语it，而把真正的主语放在句子末尾。
It's n use saying any mre abut it. 再谈这事没有用了。
It's nt knwn where she went. 她到哪里去了没人知道。
2. 形式宾语：当不定式、动名词、从句等用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时，就应在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语，而将真正的宾语移至句末。如：
I find it easy t get n with her. 我发现她很容易相处。
3. 用于以下特殊句型中：
It desn't matter (if)... ……没关系
It seems (appears) that (as if)... （看起来）似乎……
It happens that... 碰巧……
It's... since... 自……以来有多久了。
1. ________ is necessary ________ it t yurself when smene tells yu smething persnal.
A. It；t make B. That；making C. It；t keep D. That；keeping
2. If yu dn’t wrk hard in Grade 7, yu’ ll find ________ difficult t study English well in Grade 9.
A. it B. its C. that D. itself
3. It takes us 2 hurs _________ t Huai’an by taking the Nanjing-Huai’an high-speed railway.
A. t get B. getting C. get D. gets
4. AI technlgy has made ________ easier t deliver parcels.
A. it B. this C. that D. what
5. —What is the time nw？
—_______ is tw 'clck.
A. This B. That C. It D. He
6. —What is the weather like？
—_______ is windy.
A. That B. This C. It D. He
7. —Hw lng is the river？
—_______ is tw hundred kilmeters.
A. It B. That C. This D. He
8. I can’t find my ticket. I think I must have lst ______.
A. it B. ne C. this D. them
9. — I ften have hamburgers fr lunch.
— Yu’d better nt. It’s bad fr yu _______ t much junk fd.
A. eat B. t eat C. eating D. ate
10. It is very imprtant fr us _______ English well.
A. learn B. learning C. t learn D. learned
11. — Nick, I lst my pen and I culdn’t find ________ anywhere.
— There are many pens in that bx. Just take________ .
A. it; it B. it; ne C. ne; it D. ne; ne
11. The fficial made ______ clear that he wuld d everything pssible t slve the prblem.
A. it B. this C. that D. him
12. I bught the pen three years ag and I’m still using _____ nw.
A. ne B. nes C. it D. this 疑
问
句
一般疑问句
询问一件事或情况是否属实
Is this yur schlbag?
特殊疑问句
针对句子某一具体成分提问
What des yur father d?
选择疑问句
提供两种或两种以上的情况供对方选择
—Is yur friend a by r a girl?
—He is a by.
反意疑问句
由陈述句+简短问句组成，问话者欲对陈述句部分的内容做进一步证实
—There is a bk n the desk, isn’t there?
—Yes, there is./ N, there isn’t.