Module 4 Planes, ships and trains【弯道超车】暑假新八年级英语 知识点讲解+例题精炼（含答案）（外研版）

这是一份Module 4 Planes, ships and trains【弯道超车】暑假新八年级英语 知识点讲解+例题精炼（含答案）（外研版），共8页。


重要词汇和短语
except prep. 除……之外
【解析】从所提到的人/事物中（即从整体）除去一部分；
【辨析】
maybe adv. 可能，也许
【辨析】
hwever adv. 然而；但是
【总结】表示转折，放句首/句末，通常有逗号在词后；也可为连词，连接两个句子。
★far frm 远离
【总结】与far有关的常用搭配：
be far frm“离……远”
e.g. My hme is far frm the schl.
live far frm “住得离……远”
e.g. She lives far frm her cmpany.
hw far “多远”，提问距离。
★far 的比较级和最高级,其中further 还意为“更进一步”；furthest“最远的”，常表示抽象概念。
e.g. She went father than her mther.
I want t learn English further in the US.
turn ff 关掉;关闭（设备）★代词作宾语放中间。
【拓展】turn的常用短语
be wrried abut+名词/代词/动词-ing形式 担心……
=wrry abut +名词/代词/动词-ing形式
重要句型
take作为“花费”用法
【句型】It takes/tk sb. +时间+t d sth. “……花费某人时间做某事”
It tk me ne hur t g t schl.
She paid ten yuan fr the dll.
She spent ten yuan n the dll.
She spent ne hur (in) ding her hmewrk.
I fund it very difficult t understand the new wrds.
主句
从句
形容词，副词的最高级
核心语法
比较范围：三者或三者以上
标志词/结构
（1）含in/f的介词短语
（2）“ne f+the+adj./adv.最高级+可数名词复数”—“（在众多当中）最……之一”
（3）Wh/Which…，A, B r C? 选择疑问句，比较对象为三者或以上；
基本句式
★【注意】adj.最高级+the，adv.最高级可省the；adj.最高级修名词时，前可加序数词。
4. 规则变化
★ 不规则变化
★5. 最高级和比较级的转换
“比较级+than any ther+可数名词复数”=最高级含义
例题精炼
一、单项选择
1．Thanks fr helping me a lt. ________, I culdn’t pass the English exam.
A．MreverB．OtherwiseC．HweverD．Instead
2．Anezka Indrackva was ________ athlete in Beijing Winter Olympic Games.
A．yungB．yungerC．yungestD．the yungest
3．It’s very easy fr peple t ________ a htel rm ver the phne.
A．bkB．rderC．buyD．live
4．I think wearing masks is gd fr peple’s health in ________ places these years.
A．famusB．beautifulC．quietD．crwded
5．The jurney t the tp f the muntain is really tiring. I can’t g any ________.
A．clserB．slwerC．fartherD．less
6．In Nrth America, mst students g t schl ________ the schl bus.
A．byB．withC．nD．frm
7．The car is just what I’m dreaming fr. The price is lw. ________, it’s beautiful.
A．OtherwiseB．MreverC．HweverD．Instead
8．Dn’t waste water. Water is very imprtant and n ne can live ________ it.
A．withB．withutC．exceptD．besides
9．—Which is ________ mnth in a year in Caxian?
—I am nt sure. I think either July r August.
A．the htterB．the httestC．httest
10．—Des Kate have fewer vegetables than the thers?
—Yes, she has ________ vegetables amng them.
A．lessB．fewerC．the leastD．the fewest
11．Shared bikes make travelling easier than befre. _________, they als bring truble.
A．HweverB．SinceC．MreverD．Otherwise
12．—Which city has ________ ppulatin in the wrld?
—Maybe Tky.
A．largestB．the largestC．largerD．large
二、完形填空
In ancient times, peple’s nly transprtatin means (交通方法) were their feet. S it was 13 fr them t travel frm ne place t anther. As a result, they knew 14 things abut utside wrld. The wrld was t big fr them t understand.
With the develpment f sciety, mre and mre transprtatin means 15 : bicycle, bus, car, train, ship, plane, etc. They carry peple t and frm every crner f the wrld. And they make peple 16 t each ther.
S it’s easier fr peple frm different cuntries t understand each ther, t cmmunicate with each ther. S the wrld is getting smaller and smaller, just like ne big 17 .
13．A．easyB．difficultC．fastD．cheap
14．A．fewB．a fewC．littleD．a little
15．A．grwB．endC．missD．appear
16．A．furtherB．smallerC．clserD．friendlier
17．A．familyB．cmpanyC．schlD．cuntry
三、短文填空
根据短文内容及所给提示，在文中的横线上填写一个正确的单词。
Many peple like traveling. We have sme 18 (way) f traveling.
The 19 (fast) way is by plane. In the ld days, it 20 (take) a mnth r mre t get t a far place, 21 nw peple can get there in ne day by plane.
Traveling by train is slwer 22 by plane, but yu can see many beautiful places. Mdern (现代的) trains 23 (have) cmfrtable seats and dining cars. Because planes r trains are fast, peple are 24 (suppse) t take a train r a plane when traveling n business.
Traveling by sea is a very pleasant way 25 peple t spend a hliday. I traveled by ship n my 26 (three) birthday. I have 27 (frget) it.
Many peple like t travel by car. Which way d yu like best?
四、阅读理解
“Travelling by subway (地铁) is much faster. It nt nly takes me a few minutes t get t my ffice, but als I dn’t wrry abut traffic jam.” a passenger says. A lt f peple like taking the subway. It is a kind f ppular way and mre cnvenient in ur daily life. It has three advantages (优点).
First, it’s fast. The subway can run abut 80 kilmeters in an hur. It’s much faster than riding a bike r taking a bus.
Secnd, it’s accurate. It can help yu get smewhere n time. Dn’t wrry abut the weather. It can arrive n time even if it is raining r snwing. During rush hur (交通高峰期), there is a subway every five minutes. Yu can’t wait t lng.
Finally, it is cmfrtable. It is very cmfrtable fr passengers t take the subway. They can find a place t sit r stand here and there. They dn’t feel cld in winter r ht in summer because f the air-cnditiners (空调). It can carry many peple. I think mst f peple like it. Yu will have a gd time t take the subway.
28．A passenger. thinks travelling ________ is much faster in the passage.
A．by busB．by subwayC．by bikeD．n ft
29．What’s the meaning f “accurate”?
A．准确的B．遥远的C．快速地D．安全的
30．Which f the fllwing is NOT true abut the subway?
A．It’s a ppular way in ur daily life.
B．It can’t arrive n time when it is raining r snwing.
C．It can run abut 80 kilmeters in an hur.
D．It’s very cmfrtable t take the subway.
31．What is the best title f the passage?
A．Subway Is a Gd WayB．A Passenger n the Subway
C．The Time f SubwayD．Subway Is Faster
五、选词填空
阅读短文根据短文内容，从方框中所给10个单词中选择意义相符的词填入空格处。必要时可进行词形变化，每空一词。
Mre and mre peple like ging bike riding in China these years. It is 32 and gd fr the envirnment. Bikes can take yu almst anywhere, and it’s green, 33 there are mre cars than bikes n the rads all ver the wrld.
Get n a bike and ride arund yur neighbrhd. Yu may feel fun t find smething new arund yu. Then yu can g t wrk 34 bike. Because stpping and getting ff a bike is easier than stpping and getting ut f yur car. And it’s als gd fr yur 35 . A 15-minute bike riding three times a week can make yu healthy.
It’s helpful fr ur envirnment, t. It will nt pllute the air. At last, bicycling can 36 ur md (心情). Scientists say exercise like bicycling can make peple 37 better and mre relaxed.
In Shanghai, there is a path fr bike riding, and peple call it green path. “There are lts f green trees n 38 sides f the rad and the air is fresh.” On weekends, lts f parents take their children there. They hpe their children 39 a gd rest and d sme sprts after a busy week. It is als a great place fr peple 40 their family members r friends. S let’s drive cars 41 and ride bikes mre, and give ur children a better wrld in the future.
六、补全对话
阅读下面的对话，根据上下文，从选项中选择恰当的选项补全对话，使句意完整、符合逻辑。（其中有两项为多余选项）
(Li Ming is talking with his friend Zhang Hua. A is fr Li Ming; Bis fr Zhang Hua.)
A: Hell! Why are yu in such a hurry, Zhang Hua?
B: I am ging t listen t a reprt in the City Hall.
A: 42
B: It’s abut ur life in the future.
A: 43 Can I g with yu?
B: Of curse. But hw can we get there? 44
A: When will the reprt begin?
B: 45 We nly have half an hur.
A: Dn’t wrry. We can take a taxi there.
B: Great. 46
A: Lk, here cmes a taxi.
B: Let’s g.
A．There is little time left.
B．The bus is just cming.
C．It’s fast and cnvenient.
D．What is the reprt abut?
E．Why d yu like the reprt?
F．It will begin at tw ’clck.
G．I am als interested in future life.
参考答案：
1．B
2．D
3．A
4．D
5．C
6．C
7．B
8．B
9．B
10．D
11．A
12．B
13．B 14．A 15．D 16．C 17．A
18．ways 19．fastest 20．tk 21．but 22．than 23．have 24．suppsed 25．fr 26．third 27．frgtten
28．B 29．A 30．B 31．A
32．enjyable 33．thugh/althugh 34．by 35．health 36．imprve 37．feel 38．bth 39．have/can have/will have 40．t meet 41．less
42．D 43．G 44．A 45．F 46．C
except
“除……之外”, (整体中)减去。（前后是同类事物）
except fr
“除……之外”, 说明整体情况后，对细节加以纠正。（前后不同类）
besides
“除……之外（还）”， 一种累加关系。
but
“除……之外”，侧重整体，常用于nthing, nbdy等否定词后。
maybe
may be
adv. “也许，或许”，常放句首。
“情态动词+be动词”“可能是，也许是”
Maybe my mther is in the bedrm.
My mther may be in the bedrm.
比较级
最高级
farther/further
farthest/furthest
turn n
打开（收音机/煤气/灯/自来水等）
turn ff
关闭（收音机/煤气/灯/自来水等）
turn int
变成
turn dwn
调低（音量等）
turn up
调高（音量等）
turn t
转向；翻到
“某时/某地发生了事”
●sth. happens (happened)+地点/时间状语
e.g. The accident happened at seven ’clck in the Park Street.
“某人出了某事（不好的）”
●sth. happens (happened) t sb.
e.g. The car accident happened t him.
“某人碰巧做某事”
●sb. happens (happened) t d sth.
=It happens/happened +that从句
e.g. I happened t meet my friend in Japan.
It happened that I met my friend in Japan.
★take的其他意思：买；乘坐；带走。
其他“花费”句型：
sb. pays+金钱+fr sth.
sb. spends +金钱/时间+n/（in）ding sth.
sth. csts sb. +金钱
find+宾语+宾语补足语（由形容词/名词/现在分词/过去分词/介词短语等充当）
Then I realised being hme alne was nt always perfect. 宾语从句
1）in 环境范围，一定范围内比较；+表时间/区域等名词/代词，且不是同一概念范畴；
2）f 对象范围，同类事物比较，其后名词/代词与主语是同一概念范畴；
（1）主语+be+adj.最高级+比较范围.
（2）主语+实义动词+adv.最高级+比较范围.
（1）一般词尾+est；
（2）有e直接+st；
（3）重读闭音节结尾只有一个辅音，双写尾辅+est；
（4）辅音+y，y改i+est；
（5）双音节/多音节词，前+mst；
原级
最高级
gd/well
best
bad/ill
wrst
many/much
mst
far
farthest/furthest
ld
ldest/eldest
little
least
meet, bth, healthy, little, enjy, imprve, feel, have, by, reduce, thugh