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Module 9 Population【弯道超车】暑假新八年级英语 知识点讲解+例题精炼（含答案）（外研版）
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这是一份Module 9 Population【弯道超车】暑假新八年级英语 知识点讲解+例题精炼（含答案）（外研版），共11页。
Mdule 9 Ppulatin
重点单词解析
课文原句: The largest increase in ppulatin will take place in India, Nigeria and Pakistan.
【归纳】increase v. & n . “增加；增长”
【反义词】decrease “减少”
【常用搭配】increase t … “增加到……” increase by … “增加了……”
【例句】The ppulatin f this city has increased by 5%.
课文原句: The largest increase in ppulatin will take place in India, Nigeria and Pakistan.
【归纳】increase v. & n . “增加；增长”
【反义词】decrease “减少”
【常用搭配】increase t … “增加到……” increase by … “增加了……”
【例句】The ppulatin f this city has increased by 5%.
3. 课文原句：When J’s grandparents first came t Parkville, it was a quiet village.
【归纳】quiet adj. 寂静的，安静的（指没有吵闹/动乱）
【派生词】quietly adv. 安静地
【常用搭配】be/keep quiet 保持安静
【同义词】silent adj. 安静的
【例句】I want t live a quiet life.
4. 课文原句：The gvernment is reducing air pllutin frm traffic.
【归纳】pllutin n. “污染”，不可数名词
【派生词】pllute v. 污染 plluted adj. 被/受污染的
【例句】Pllutin is ne f the mst imprtant prblems in the wrld.
5. 课文原句：I’m preparing a reprt called “The wrld’s ppulatin”.
【归纳】prepare v. 准备；预备
【派生词】preparatin. n. 准备
【常用搭配】prepare sth 准备/做…...
prepare fr… 为……做准备 = get ready fr
prepare sth. fr… 为……准备某物
prepare t d sth 准备去做某事
6. 课文原句：I’m preparing a reprt called “The wrld’s ppulatin”. v
【归纳】reprt n. 报告；汇报
【派生词】reprter记者，通讯员
【常用搭配】make/give a reprt n sth做关于某事的报告
It’s reprted that…（据报道）……
7. 课文原句：When ppulatins increase t fast, it can cause prblems, such as t much traffic and nise.v
【归纳】(1) vt. 导致，引起 = lead t = result in
【常用搭配】cause sb/sth t d sth使某人/某物做某事
(2) n. 原因；起因 the cause f/fr... =the reasn fr... 的原因
8. 课文原句：When ppulatins increase t fast, it can cause prblems, such as t much traffic and nise.
【归纳】nise n. 噪音,杂音 {C}&{U}
【派生词】nisy adj. 吵闹的 nisily adv. 吵闹地
【常用搭配】make (a) nise 发出噪音；
make much nise制造很大的噪音
【辨析】vice:指人的说话声/歌声/欢笑声/鸟唱歌的声音
sund: 泛指听到的任何声音
9. 课文原句：4. Hang n a minute! I’ll make sme ntes!
【归纳】n. 笔记；随笔 {C}
【常用搭配】make/take ntes(f sth)记(关于...)笔记
【拓展】n. 便条; 纸币; 注释; leave a nte 留一个
v. 注意，留意 nte dwn 记下，记录
10. 课文原句： Cuntries with lw birth rates have prblems t.
【归纳】birth n. 出生
【常用搭配】birth and death 生死 at birth在出生时 give birth t 生下
【反义词】death n. 死亡
11. 课文原句：Luckily, the gvernment is making a great effrt t slve Arnwick's prblems with better public services.
【归纳】public adj. 公共的；公众的
【常用搭配】in public 当众，公开，在公共场合
【拓展】the public “大众，公众”。作主语强调整体时，谓语动词用单数；强调每一个具体成员时，谓语动词用复数。
12. 课文原句：Luckily, the gvernment is making a great effrt t slve Arnwick's prblems with better public services.
【归纳】effrt n. (1)努力[C] (2)精力 [U]
【常用搭配】1) make an effrt t d sth = make effrts t d sth = try ne’s best t d sth. 努力做某事
2) make every effrt t d sth 尽一切努力做某事
3) spare n effrt t d sth 不遗余力做某事
4) put effrt int sth 把精力投入到……中
13. 课文原句：Hw abut cuntries with slw-grwing ppulatins?
【归纳】with “带有；具有”
【例句】She is girl with pink hair.
【拓展】with 的其他含义：①和……；同；跟 = 2 \* GB3 ②带着 = 3 \* GB3 ③用
14. 课文原句：With ppulatins rising, cities shuld try t create a mre enjyable, cmfrtable and cnvenient living envirnment.
【归纳（1）】create vt. 创造,创作
【派生词】creative adj. 有创造力的
creatin n.创造
creativity n. 创造力
creatr n. 创造者
【归纳（2）】cnvenient adj. 便利的
【反义词】 incnvenient adj. 不便利的
【派生词】cnvenience n. 便利
重点短语解析
1. 课文原句：The small lcal schl in Parkville clsed dwn five years ag.
【归纳】clse dwn “（永久）关闭；关停”
【例句】All the small factries shuld be clsed dwn because they make s much pllutin.
2. 课文原句：Hang n a minute!
【归纳】hang n 口语，“稍等”
【同义表达】wait a minute/mment “稍等一会儿”
【拓展】还可作为电话用语，意为“别挂电话”=hld the line/hld n
【例句】Hang n. My mther is cming.
3. 课文原句：As a result, getting gd, clean water is becming a prblem in many places.
【归纳】as a result 结果，因此。句中作状语，与后边内容用逗号隔开= Therefre
4.课文原句：Mre than 3.4 millin peple die each year frm drinking and washing with plluted water.
【归纳】与die有关的短语：
die f 死于 （疾病、情感等内因）
die frm 死于（事故、灾难、战争等外因）
die ut 灭绝 die away 逐渐减弱
【派生词】dying adj. 垂死的 dead adj. 死的 the dead 死者
5.课文原句：When ppulatins increase t fast, it can cause prblems, such as t much traffic and nise.
【归纳】t much 太多，后接不可数名词
t many 太多，后接可数名词复数
much t 太，后接形容词
6.课文原句：They had a small huse, clse t fields and hills.
【归纳】clse t = next t “接近的，靠近的”。
【拓展】clse adj. “亲密的，亲切的”
重点句型解析
1. 课文原句：With ppulatins rising, cities shuld try t create a mre enjyable, cmfrtable and cnvenient living envirnment.
【归纳】with + n. + V-ing 随着……
【例句】with time ging by 随着时间的流逝
with the develpment f… 随着……的发展
2. 课文原句：The small lcal schl in Parkville clsed dwn five years ag, and getting t the nearest schl in Arnwick takes her an hur by bus.
【归纳】It takes (sb) sme time t d sth.做某事需要花费（某人）多长时间。
【例句】It takes her three hurs t finish her hmewrk.
3. 课文原句：Hwever, it was expensive t live in the city centre, s the gvernment built flats utside the centre.
【归纳】It + be + adj.+fr/f sb + t d sth. 对某人来说，做某事是怎样的。
【例句】It’s imprtant t learn English well.
It’s kind f yu t help me with my english.
核心语法解析
不定冠词a/an；a 用于辅音音素前an用于元音音素前
（1）可数名词单数前，泛指人/物的一类
（2）表示数量“一”，没有ne强烈
（3）第一次提到某物/人
（4）表示单位=every
（5）在序数词前表示“再一，又一”
（6）用在固定搭配中
二. 定冠词the的用法
1. 特指双方知道的人/物
2. 指上文提到过的人/事物
3. 指世界上独一无二的事物
4. 与可数名词单数连用，表示一类人/事物
5. 与某些形容词连用，表示一类人/事物
6. 用于序数词/形容词最高级/nly，very，same等词前
7. 用在普通名词构成的地区/国家名称，机关团体，阶级等专有名词前
8. 用在姓氏复数前，表示一家人
9. 用在乐器名词前
10. 用在习惯用语中
三. 零冠词
1. 人名前
2. 复数名词表示一类人/事物
3. 抽象名词表示一般概念
4. 表示季节，月份，节日，假日，日期和星期等的时间名词
5. 称呼/表示官衔，职位的名词前
6. 三餐，球类运动/学科名词前
7. 名词前已有指示代词/物主代词/不定代词/数词作定语
8. 某些固定词组
四. 基数词
1. 1-12 是独立单词，逐个记忆
2. 13-19 由个位数+teen 构成，其中thirteen, fifteen, eighteen 不规则
3. 20-90 整十数在十位数后+ty，其中twenty，thirty，frty，fifty，eighty不规则
4. 21-99 非整十数在十位整数后+个位数词，中间加连字符“-”
5. 三位以上，百位和十位之间加连词and
例题精炼
一、单项选择
1．Jack is lking fr a ________ in the centre f the twn because he wants t live clse t his cmpany.
A．museumB．flatC．schlD．library
2．—Hell, this is Jenny speaking. May I speak t Tm?
—Please ________. I’ll see if he is here.
A．hang nB．g backC．put upD．turn dwn
3．—Karen, what d yu think f the ________ f this new restaurant?
—Pretty gd. The waiters are kind and friendly. I like the restaurant.
A．fdB．serviceC．menuD．seat
4．In the future, rbts _________ the prblem f taking care f the ld peple.
A．slvedB．will slveC．is slvingD．slves
5．—What time will we meet at the schl gate, Ms. Chen?
—Please pay _________ attentin t what I am telling yu.
A．strngB．hugeC．clseD．prime
6．The trip t the science museum was wnderful. We really had ________ great time last Sunday.
A．aB．anC．theD．/
7．Surprisingly, Mary’s beautiful hair ________ belw her knees and made ________ almst a cat fr her.
A．reprted; herselfB．rse; herC．reached; itselfD．received; it
8．—Hw was the writing cmpetitin?
—Wnderful! Jack gt the first place and the ________ was a dictinary.
A．talentB．serviceC．prizeD．rle
9．Larry hpes ________ his English, s he practices it every day.
A．t slveB．slvingC．t imprveD．imprving
10．Every year driving after drinking ________ a lt f traffic accidents.
A．happensB．cmpletesC．causesD．prevents
11．—The girl lks ________.
—Yes, yu are right. She is frm Australia.
A．prettyB．talentedC．freignD．quiet
12．—What’s yur _________ abut the future?
—Cities will be mre crwded and plluted.
A．pllutinB．preparatinC．predictin
13．There will be less ________ if peple plant mre trees.
A．actinB．pllutinC．preparatin
14．—This prblem is t difficult.
—Why dn’t yu ask Jim? Maybe he can help yu _________ it.
A．slveB．findC．start
二、完形填空
China is the largest cuntry in ppulatin n the earth. The large ppulatin caused many 15 , such as traffic and nise. In rder t make the ppulatin 16 slwly, the China gvernment had t make ne-child plicy in the 1970s. Hwever, the plicy caused a lt f prblems 17 . Fr example, in sme families, the 18 have the nly ne child. The child has n brthers r sisters t play with. When the child grws up, he r she may 19 anther nly child. The yung cuple have t 20 tw pairs f parents, usually, this is very 21 fr the yung cuple, because they need much mney and time. But if they have brthers r sisters. They can 22 the burden（负担）f taking care f their parents.
23 tw-child plicy appeared in time. 24 this plicy can slve many prblems, mst Chinese peple think it’s a gd plicy. What d yu think abut it?
15．A．prblemsB．chancesC．accidentsD．symbls
16．A．winB．getC．increasedD．climb
17．A．eitherB．tgetherC．aludD．t
18．A．teachersB．parentsC．dctrsD．students
19．A．marryB．frgetC．beatD．fllw
20．A．agree withB．talk with C．lk fr D．lk after
21．A．excitingB．dangerusC．difficultD．magic
22．A．lseB．shareC．tryD．enjy
23．A．SuddenlyB．EspeciallyC．ReadyD．Luckily
24．A．BecauseB．ButC．SD．If
The wrld’s ppulatin reached (达到) 8 billin n Nv. 15th, 2022. While the wrld’s 25 grwing frm 7 t 8 billin used 12 years, it will 26 abut 15 years fr it t reach 9 billin. It 27 be a symbl f that the grwing speed (速度) f the wrld’s ppulatin is slwing dwn. The wrld’s ppulatin will be the 28 at arund 10.4 billin in the 2080s and keep that until 2100. S far, China and India have been the mst ppulated cuntries in the wrld, 29 1.4 billin peple each.
25．A．ppulatinB．pllutinC．animalsD．weather
26．A．saveB．actC．takeD．pass
27．A．can’tB．mustn’tC．needD．may
28．A．smallestB．largestC．lngestD．shrtest
29．A．tB．withC．againstD．withut
三、短文填空
Mst new babies were brn in the develping cuntries. These 30 are fund in Africa, Suth America and parts f Asia. In the develped cuntries in Eurpe and Nrth America, the ppulatin is 31 very slwly. This is because wmen in these cuntries have nly ne r tw 32 . In the develping cuntries, many wmen have five r mre children. In 1950, abut ne quarter f the wrld’s 33 lived in the develped cuntries. By 2050, these cuntries will be hme t nly abut ne tenth 34 the wrld’s peple.
In the develping cuntries, 35 than ne billin peple are living belw the pverty (贫困) line. These peple d nt have 36 fd t eat and they live in pr husing cnditins. Children spend 37 time at schl and suffer frm many kinds f diseases.
The wrld’s ppulatin has changed a lt. At the beginning f the 21st century, 38 ppulatin was arund six billin. The U.N. has said that the wrld’s ppulatin will reach 12.5 billin by the year 2100. Other grups think the wrld’s ppulatin will 39 t grw, reaching 14 billin befre it becmes stable (稳定的).
四、选词填空
仔细阅读下面五个句子，然后用下面方框中所给的单词或短语填空，使每个句子在结构、句义和逻辑上正确。 (提示：方框中有两个单词或短语是多余的。)
40．Sam was t watch the game shw.
41．I hpe t fly t the mn by ne day.
42．We shuld always try t the prblems.
43．Des yur best friend ften help t the best in yu?
44．I wuld like t yu t the pening f ur new library.
五、阅读理解
Accrding t a recent reprt frm the United Natins, the wrld ppulatin cntinues (继续) t grw. It culd reach 8.4 billin in the year 2025. But during the past 10 years r s, there has been a large and rapid (快速的) drp in the wrld’s birth rate.
Families are smaller nw than they were a few years ag. It is happening in bth develping cuntries (such as China and India) and develped cuntries (such as America and England). Sme families dn’t want t have mre babies because they believe that it’s difficult fr them t raise tw r mre children.
China is such a cuntry that it has already cut its rate f ppulatin grwth since 1970. Mst Chinese families have n mre than ne child. And it reached a zer ppulatin grwth rate in 2010. But in 2021, the Chinese gvernment passed laws t encurage (鼓励) families t have three babies, because there are t many ld peple nw. Sme factries can’t find enugh peple t wrk. That’s terrible.
Several cuntries in Eurpe already have a negative grwth rate. Experts say that these cuntries culd face a serius shrtage (短缺) f wrkers in the future. And thse wh are wrking culd face higher taxes (税) t help supprt the grwing number f retirees (退休人员).
45．The wrld ppulatin will reach ________ in 2025.
A．13.7 billinB．13.4 billinC．8.4 billinD．7 billin
46．What can we knw frm paragraphs 1-2?
A．The wrld ppulatin has increased fast.
B．The wrld’s birth rate has a rapid drp.
C．The wrld ppulatin grwth can’t be cntrlled (控制).
D．Mst peple want t have mre babies.
47．When did China reach a zer-ppulatin grwth rate?
A．In 1970.B．In 2007C．In 2010D．In 2016
48．What des the underlined wrd “negative” mean?
A．负的B．正的C．快速的D．积极的
49．What’s the best title fr the passage?
A．Wrld’s birth rateB．Negative grwth rate.
C．Wrld ppulatinD．Zer ppulatin grwth.
六、补全对话
根据对话内容，从下面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有两个为多余选项。
A: 50
B: OK, hw d we make it?
A: First, cut up sme fruits like apples, bananas r a watermeln.
B: I like eating bananas and apples. Hw abut three apples and three bananas?
A: Sure. 51
B: I have a big bwl. Here yu are.
A: 52
B: Hw much ygurt d we need?
A: 53
B: What else d we need?
A: Wuld yu like t put sme hney?
B: Oh, a little, please.
A: 54 D yu want t have a taste?
B: Hw delicius!
A．Then put sme ygurt in the bwl.
B．One spn is enugh.
C．Hw d yu make a banana milk shake?
D．Let’s make fruit salad.
E．Finally, mix them all up.
F．Put the fruits int a bwl.
G．Hw many apples d yu need?
参考答案：
1．B
2．A
3．B
4．B
5．C
6．A
7．C
8．C
9．C
10．C
11．C
12．C
13．B
14．A
15．A 16．C 17．D 18．B 19．A 20．D 21．C 22．B 23．D 24．A
25．A 26．C 27．D 28．B 29．B
30．cuntries 31．grwing/increasing 32．children 33．ppulatin/peple 34．f 35．mre 36．enugh 37．little 38．its/the 39．cntinue
40．excited 41．rcket 42．slve 43．bring ut 44．invite
45．C 46．B 47．C 48．A 49．A
50．D 51．F 52．A 53．B 54．E
lk ut / trade / bring ut / rcket / invite / excited / slve
Mdule 9 Ppulatin
重点单词解析
课文原句: The largest increase in ppulatin will take place in India, Nigeria and Pakistan.
【归纳】increase v. & n . “增加；增长”
【反义词】decrease “减少”
【常用搭配】increase t … “增加到……” increase by … “增加了……”
【例句】The ppulatin f this city has increased by 5%.
课文原句: The largest increase in ppulatin will take place in India, Nigeria and Pakistan.
【归纳】increase v. & n . “增加；增长”
【反义词】decrease “减少”
【常用搭配】increase t … “增加到……” increase by … “增加了……”
【例句】The ppulatin f this city has increased by 5%.
3. 课文原句：When J’s grandparents first came t Parkville, it was a quiet village.
【归纳】quiet adj. 寂静的，安静的（指没有吵闹/动乱）
【派生词】quietly adv. 安静地
【常用搭配】be/keep quiet 保持安静
【同义词】silent adj. 安静的
【例句】I want t live a quiet life.
4. 课文原句：The gvernment is reducing air pllutin frm traffic.
【归纳】pllutin n. “污染”，不可数名词
【派生词】pllute v. 污染 plluted adj. 被/受污染的
【例句】Pllutin is ne f the mst imprtant prblems in the wrld.
5. 课文原句：I’m preparing a reprt called “The wrld’s ppulatin”.
【归纳】prepare v. 准备；预备
【派生词】preparatin. n. 准备
【常用搭配】prepare sth 准备/做…...
prepare fr… 为……做准备 = get ready fr
prepare sth. fr… 为……准备某物
prepare t d sth 准备去做某事
6. 课文原句：I’m preparing a reprt called “The wrld’s ppulatin”. v
【归纳】reprt n. 报告；汇报
【派生词】reprter记者，通讯员
【常用搭配】make/give a reprt n sth做关于某事的报告
It’s reprted that…（据报道）……
7. 课文原句：When ppulatins increase t fast, it can cause prblems, such as t much traffic and nise.v
【归纳】(1) vt. 导致，引起 = lead t = result in
【常用搭配】cause sb/sth t d sth使某人/某物做某事
(2) n. 原因；起因 the cause f/fr... =the reasn fr... 的原因
8. 课文原句：When ppulatins increase t fast, it can cause prblems, such as t much traffic and nise.
【归纳】nise n. 噪音,杂音 {C}&{U}
【派生词】nisy adj. 吵闹的 nisily adv. 吵闹地
【常用搭配】make (a) nise 发出噪音；
make much nise制造很大的噪音
【辨析】vice:指人的说话声/歌声/欢笑声/鸟唱歌的声音
sund: 泛指听到的任何声音
9. 课文原句：4. Hang n a minute! I’ll make sme ntes!
【归纳】n. 笔记；随笔 {C}
【常用搭配】make/take ntes(f sth)记(关于...)笔记
【拓展】n. 便条; 纸币; 注释; leave a nte 留一个
v. 注意，留意 nte dwn 记下，记录
10. 课文原句： Cuntries with lw birth rates have prblems t.
【归纳】birth n. 出生
【常用搭配】birth and death 生死 at birth在出生时 give birth t 生下
【反义词】death n. 死亡
11. 课文原句：Luckily, the gvernment is making a great effrt t slve Arnwick's prblems with better public services.
【归纳】public adj. 公共的；公众的
【常用搭配】in public 当众，公开，在公共场合
【拓展】the public “大众，公众”。作主语强调整体时，谓语动词用单数；强调每一个具体成员时，谓语动词用复数。
12. 课文原句：Luckily, the gvernment is making a great effrt t slve Arnwick's prblems with better public services.
【归纳】effrt n. (1)努力[C] (2)精力 [U]
【常用搭配】1) make an effrt t d sth = make effrts t d sth = try ne’s best t d sth. 努力做某事
2) make every effrt t d sth 尽一切努力做某事
3) spare n effrt t d sth 不遗余力做某事
4) put effrt int sth 把精力投入到……中
13. 课文原句：Hw abut cuntries with slw-grwing ppulatins?
【归纳】with “带有；具有”
【例句】She is girl with pink hair.
【拓展】with 的其他含义：①和……；同；跟 = 2 \* GB3 ②带着 = 3 \* GB3 ③用
14. 课文原句：With ppulatins rising, cities shuld try t create a mre enjyable, cmfrtable and cnvenient living envirnment.
【归纳（1）】create vt. 创造,创作
【派生词】creative adj. 有创造力的
creatin n.创造
creativity n. 创造力
creatr n. 创造者
【归纳（2）】cnvenient adj. 便利的
【反义词】 incnvenient adj. 不便利的
【派生词】cnvenience n. 便利
重点短语解析
1. 课文原句：The small lcal schl in Parkville clsed dwn five years ag.
【归纳】clse dwn “（永久）关闭；关停”
【例句】All the small factries shuld be clsed dwn because they make s much pllutin.
2. 课文原句：Hang n a minute!
【归纳】hang n 口语，“稍等”
【同义表达】wait a minute/mment “稍等一会儿”
【拓展】还可作为电话用语，意为“别挂电话”=hld the line/hld n
【例句】Hang n. My mther is cming.
3. 课文原句：As a result, getting gd, clean water is becming a prblem in many places.
【归纳】as a result 结果，因此。句中作状语，与后边内容用逗号隔开= Therefre
4.课文原句：Mre than 3.4 millin peple die each year frm drinking and washing with plluted water.
【归纳】与die有关的短语：
die f 死于 （疾病、情感等内因）
die frm 死于（事故、灾难、战争等外因）
die ut 灭绝 die away 逐渐减弱
【派生词】dying adj. 垂死的 dead adj. 死的 the dead 死者
5.课文原句：When ppulatins increase t fast, it can cause prblems, such as t much traffic and nise.
【归纳】t much 太多，后接不可数名词
t many 太多，后接可数名词复数
much t 太，后接形容词
6.课文原句：They had a small huse, clse t fields and hills.
【归纳】clse t = next t “接近的，靠近的”。
【拓展】clse adj. “亲密的，亲切的”
重点句型解析
1. 课文原句：With ppulatins rising, cities shuld try t create a mre enjyable, cmfrtable and cnvenient living envirnment.
【归纳】with + n. + V-ing 随着……
【例句】with time ging by 随着时间的流逝
with the develpment f… 随着……的发展
2. 课文原句：The small lcal schl in Parkville clsed dwn five years ag, and getting t the nearest schl in Arnwick takes her an hur by bus.
【归纳】It takes (sb) sme time t d sth.做某事需要花费（某人）多长时间。
【例句】It takes her three hurs t finish her hmewrk.
3. 课文原句：Hwever, it was expensive t live in the city centre, s the gvernment built flats utside the centre.
【归纳】It + be + adj.+fr/f sb + t d sth. 对某人来说，做某事是怎样的。
【例句】It’s imprtant t learn English well.
It’s kind f yu t help me with my english.
核心语法解析
不定冠词a/an；a 用于辅音音素前an用于元音音素前
（1）可数名词单数前，泛指人/物的一类
（2）表示数量“一”，没有ne强烈
（3）第一次提到某物/人
（4）表示单位=every
（5）在序数词前表示“再一，又一”
（6）用在固定搭配中
二. 定冠词the的用法
1. 特指双方知道的人/物
2. 指上文提到过的人/事物
3. 指世界上独一无二的事物
4. 与可数名词单数连用，表示一类人/事物
5. 与某些形容词连用，表示一类人/事物
6. 用于序数词/形容词最高级/nly，very，same等词前
7. 用在普通名词构成的地区/国家名称，机关团体，阶级等专有名词前
8. 用在姓氏复数前，表示一家人
9. 用在乐器名词前
10. 用在习惯用语中
三. 零冠词
1. 人名前
2. 复数名词表示一类人/事物
3. 抽象名词表示一般概念
4. 表示季节，月份，节日，假日，日期和星期等的时间名词
5. 称呼/表示官衔，职位的名词前
6. 三餐，球类运动/学科名词前
7. 名词前已有指示代词/物主代词/不定代词/数词作定语
8. 某些固定词组
四. 基数词
1. 1-12 是独立单词，逐个记忆
2. 13-19 由个位数+teen 构成，其中thirteen, fifteen, eighteen 不规则
3. 20-90 整十数在十位数后+ty，其中twenty，thirty，frty，fifty，eighty不规则
4. 21-99 非整十数在十位整数后+个位数词，中间加连字符“-”
5. 三位以上，百位和十位之间加连词and
例题精炼
一、单项选择
1．Jack is lking fr a ________ in the centre f the twn because he wants t live clse t his cmpany.
A．museumB．flatC．schlD．library
2．—Hell, this is Jenny speaking. May I speak t Tm?
—Please ________. I’ll see if he is here.
A．hang nB．g backC．put upD．turn dwn
3．—Karen, what d yu think f the ________ f this new restaurant?
—Pretty gd. The waiters are kind and friendly. I like the restaurant.
A．fdB．serviceC．menuD．seat
4．In the future, rbts _________ the prblem f taking care f the ld peple.
A．slvedB．will slveC．is slvingD．slves
5．—What time will we meet at the schl gate, Ms. Chen?
—Please pay _________ attentin t what I am telling yu.
A．strngB．hugeC．clseD．prime
6．The trip t the science museum was wnderful. We really had ________ great time last Sunday.
A．aB．anC．theD．/
7．Surprisingly, Mary’s beautiful hair ________ belw her knees and made ________ almst a cat fr her.
A．reprted; herselfB．rse; herC．reached; itselfD．received; it
8．—Hw was the writing cmpetitin?
—Wnderful! Jack gt the first place and the ________ was a dictinary.
A．talentB．serviceC．prizeD．rle
9．Larry hpes ________ his English, s he practices it every day.
A．t slveB．slvingC．t imprveD．imprving
10．Every year driving after drinking ________ a lt f traffic accidents.
A．happensB．cmpletesC．causesD．prevents
11．—The girl lks ________.
—Yes, yu are right. She is frm Australia.
A．prettyB．talentedC．freignD．quiet
12．—What’s yur _________ abut the future?
—Cities will be mre crwded and plluted.
A．pllutinB．preparatinC．predictin
13．There will be less ________ if peple plant mre trees.
A．actinB．pllutinC．preparatin
14．—This prblem is t difficult.
—Why dn’t yu ask Jim? Maybe he can help yu _________ it.
A．slveB．findC．start
二、完形填空
China is the largest cuntry in ppulatin n the earth. The large ppulatin caused many 15 , such as traffic and nise. In rder t make the ppulatin 16 slwly, the China gvernment had t make ne-child plicy in the 1970s. Hwever, the plicy caused a lt f prblems 17 . Fr example, in sme families, the 18 have the nly ne child. The child has n brthers r sisters t play with. When the child grws up, he r she may 19 anther nly child. The yung cuple have t 20 tw pairs f parents, usually, this is very 21 fr the yung cuple, because they need much mney and time. But if they have brthers r sisters. They can 22 the burden（负担）f taking care f their parents.
23 tw-child plicy appeared in time. 24 this plicy can slve many prblems, mst Chinese peple think it’s a gd plicy. What d yu think abut it?
15．A．prblemsB．chancesC．accidentsD．symbls
16．A．winB．getC．increasedD．climb
17．A．eitherB．tgetherC．aludD．t
18．A．teachersB．parentsC．dctrsD．students
19．A．marryB．frgetC．beatD．fllw
20．A．agree withB．talk with C．lk fr D．lk after
21．A．excitingB．dangerusC．difficultD．magic
22．A．lseB．shareC．tryD．enjy
23．A．SuddenlyB．EspeciallyC．ReadyD．Luckily
24．A．BecauseB．ButC．SD．If
The wrld’s ppulatin reached (达到) 8 billin n Nv. 15th, 2022. While the wrld’s 25 grwing frm 7 t 8 billin used 12 years, it will 26 abut 15 years fr it t reach 9 billin. It 27 be a symbl f that the grwing speed (速度) f the wrld’s ppulatin is slwing dwn. The wrld’s ppulatin will be the 28 at arund 10.4 billin in the 2080s and keep that until 2100. S far, China and India have been the mst ppulated cuntries in the wrld, 29 1.4 billin peple each.
25．A．ppulatinB．pllutinC．animalsD．weather
26．A．saveB．actC．takeD．pass
27．A．can’tB．mustn’tC．needD．may
28．A．smallestB．largestC．lngestD．shrtest
29．A．tB．withC．againstD．withut
三、短文填空
Mst new babies were brn in the develping cuntries. These 30 are fund in Africa, Suth America and parts f Asia. In the develped cuntries in Eurpe and Nrth America, the ppulatin is 31 very slwly. This is because wmen in these cuntries have nly ne r tw 32 . In the develping cuntries, many wmen have five r mre children. In 1950, abut ne quarter f the wrld’s 33 lived in the develped cuntries. By 2050, these cuntries will be hme t nly abut ne tenth 34 the wrld’s peple.
In the develping cuntries, 35 than ne billin peple are living belw the pverty (贫困) line. These peple d nt have 36 fd t eat and they live in pr husing cnditins. Children spend 37 time at schl and suffer frm many kinds f diseases.
The wrld’s ppulatin has changed a lt. At the beginning f the 21st century, 38 ppulatin was arund six billin. The U.N. has said that the wrld’s ppulatin will reach 12.5 billin by the year 2100. Other grups think the wrld’s ppulatin will 39 t grw, reaching 14 billin befre it becmes stable (稳定的).
四、选词填空
仔细阅读下面五个句子，然后用下面方框中所给的单词或短语填空，使每个句子在结构、句义和逻辑上正确。 (提示：方框中有两个单词或短语是多余的。)
40．Sam was t watch the game shw.
41．I hpe t fly t the mn by ne day.
42．We shuld always try t the prblems.
43．Des yur best friend ften help t the best in yu?
44．I wuld like t yu t the pening f ur new library.
五、阅读理解
Accrding t a recent reprt frm the United Natins, the wrld ppulatin cntinues (继续) t grw. It culd reach 8.4 billin in the year 2025. But during the past 10 years r s, there has been a large and rapid (快速的) drp in the wrld’s birth rate.
Families are smaller nw than they were a few years ag. It is happening in bth develping cuntries (such as China and India) and develped cuntries (such as America and England). Sme families dn’t want t have mre babies because they believe that it’s difficult fr them t raise tw r mre children.
China is such a cuntry that it has already cut its rate f ppulatin grwth since 1970. Mst Chinese families have n mre than ne child. And it reached a zer ppulatin grwth rate in 2010. But in 2021, the Chinese gvernment passed laws t encurage (鼓励) families t have three babies, because there are t many ld peple nw. Sme factries can’t find enugh peple t wrk. That’s terrible.
Several cuntries in Eurpe already have a negative grwth rate. Experts say that these cuntries culd face a serius shrtage (短缺) f wrkers in the future. And thse wh are wrking culd face higher taxes (税) t help supprt the grwing number f retirees (退休人员).
45．The wrld ppulatin will reach ________ in 2025.
A．13.7 billinB．13.4 billinC．8.4 billinD．7 billin
46．What can we knw frm paragraphs 1-2?
A．The wrld ppulatin has increased fast.
B．The wrld’s birth rate has a rapid drp.
C．The wrld ppulatin grwth can’t be cntrlled (控制).
D．Mst peple want t have mre babies.
47．When did China reach a zer-ppulatin grwth rate?
A．In 1970.B．In 2007C．In 2010D．In 2016
48．What des the underlined wrd “negative” mean?
A．负的B．正的C．快速的D．积极的
49．What’s the best title fr the passage?
A．Wrld’s birth rateB．Negative grwth rate.
C．Wrld ppulatinD．Zer ppulatin grwth.
六、补全对话
根据对话内容，从下面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有两个为多余选项。
A: 50
B: OK, hw d we make it?
A: First, cut up sme fruits like apples, bananas r a watermeln.
B: I like eating bananas and apples. Hw abut three apples and three bananas?
A: Sure. 51
B: I have a big bwl. Here yu are.
A: 52
B: Hw much ygurt d we need?
A: 53
B: What else d we need?
A: Wuld yu like t put sme hney?
B: Oh, a little, please.
A: 54 D yu want t have a taste?
B: Hw delicius!
A．Then put sme ygurt in the bwl.
B．One spn is enugh.
C．Hw d yu make a banana milk shake?
D．Let’s make fruit salad.
E．Finally, mix them all up.
F．Put the fruits int a bwl.
G．Hw many apples d yu need?
参考答案：
1．B
2．A
3．B
4．B
5．C
6．A
7．C
8．C
9．C
10．C
11．C
12．C
13．B
14．A
15．A 16．C 17．D 18．B 19．A 20．D 21．C 22．B 23．D 24．A
25．A 26．C 27．D 28．B 29．B
30．cuntries 31．grwing/increasing 32．children 33．ppulatin/peple 34．f 35．mre 36．enugh 37．little 38．its/the 39．cntinue
40．excited 41．rcket 42．slve 43．bring ut 44．invite
45．C 46．B 47．C 48．A 49．A
50．D 51．F 52．A 53．B 54．E
lk ut / trade / bring ut / rcket / invite / excited / slve
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