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专题 03 定语从句【弯道超车】暑假新九年级英语 语法知识点讲解+例题精炼（含答案）（外研版）
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这是一份专题 03 定语从句【弯道超车】暑假新九年级英语 语法知识点讲解+例题精炼（含答案）（外研版），共7页。试卷主要包含了定语从句的结构，that引导的定语从句，which引导的定语从句，wh引导的定语从句等内容，欢迎下载使用。
that引导的定语从句
定语从句的定义
在复合句中充当定语的从句叫作定语从句。定语从句回般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后。
定语从句的关系词
引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词。常见的关系代词有that, which,wh(宾格whm,所有格 whse)等;关系副词有 where,when等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间,起连接作用,同时又在定语从句中充当成分。
三、定语从句的结构
被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词,关系词一般跟在先行词之后,引导定语从句。关系代词或关系副词在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用,且在从句中充当成分。关系代词在从句中可作主语、宾语或定语,关系副词在从句中作状语。
★ I am waiting fr the by that is wearing a blue cat.(关系代词作主语)我正在等那个穿着蓝色外套的男孩。
先行词 关系代词
★ The dictinary that my sister gave me last Sunday is very expensive.(关系代词作宾语)我姐姐上个星期天给我的那本词典很贵。
先行词 关系代词
四、that引导的定语从句
that引导定语从句时,可以指物,也可指人,在从句中作主语或宾语。that在定语从句中作宾语时,常可省略。
*There are sme films( that) Id like t see有几部电影我想去看。
* She is the nly ne amng us that knws French.她是我们中唯一一个懂法语的人。
w
hich和wh引导的定语从句
一、which引导的定语从句
which可以引导定语从句,修饰表示事物的先行词。
★ He is reading a bk which he bught frm Lndn.他正在读一本他从伦敦买来的书。(关系代词 which在定语从句中充当宾语)
【注意】which和介词搭配使用时,介词可放在 which之前,若是固定词组,一般不能拆开。
The huse in which Lu Xun nce lived is nw Lu Xun Museum.鲁迅曾住过的那所房子现在是鲁迅博物馆。
This is the pen which I am lking fr这是我正在找的那支钢笔。
1.关系词只能用that而不用 which的情况
1)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰。
★ He was the first persn that passed the exam.他是第一个通过考试的人。
被修饰的先行词是all,any, everything,nne等不定代词时。
★ Is there anything that yu want t buy in the shp?你有什么东西想在这家商店里买吗?
(3)先行词被 the nly, the very, the same, little,,few等词修饰时。
★ This is the same bike that I lst.这就是我丢的那辆自行车
(4)先行词里同时含有人和物时。
★ can remember well the persns and pictures that I saw in the rm.我能清楚地记得我在那个房间里看见的人和照片。
(5)主句是由wh或 which引导的特殊疑问句时,从句只能用that引导。★ Wh is the girl that is crying?正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?
(6)主句是 there be句型,修饰主语的定语从句用that引导。
★ There is a bk that belngs t Tm n the desk.桌子上有一本属于汤姆的书。
2.关系词只能用 which,而不能用that的情况
(1)先行词为that时。
★What' s that which is under the desk?桌子底下的那个东西是什么?(2)关系代词前有介词时。
★ This is the rm in which he lives.这是他住的房间。
二、wh引导的定语从句
在wh引导的定语从句中,关系代词wh指人,在从句中作主语。在从句中作宾语时,用whm,常被省略,在口语中常用wh代替whm。
★ This is the English teacher wh teaches my sn.这就是教我儿子的那位英语老师。
【注意】用wh引导定语从句需要注意以下三点:
(1)wh引导的定语从句的先行词是表示人的名词或代词。
★ The student wh is answering the questin is Jhn.正在回答问题的那个学生是约翰。
(2)wh是主格,在定语从句中作主语,此时不能省略。
★ The persn wh was here yesterday is a musician.昨天在这儿的那个人是一位音乐家。
在定语从句中,谓语动词应和其先行词在人称和数上保持一致。★ D yu knw the by wh is standing ver there?你认识站在那边的那个男孩吗?
例题精炼
一、单项选择
1．—What des Alma Mater (母校) mean t yu after graduatin fr s many years?
—Everything! Thse unfrgettable things and peple ________ I’m familiar (熟悉的) with will remain in my mind frever.
A．whB．thatC．whatD．which
2．My mther likes music ________ she can dance t, while my father likes music with great lyrics.
A．whatB．whC．whenD．which
3．I admire the peple _______ are hnest and hard-wrking.
A．whB．whmC．whichD．whse
4．He is the by ________ I played basketball.
A．whB．with whmC．whseD．that
5．Lily is a beautiful girl ________ dream is t be a scientist in the future.
A．whB．whseC．whichD．that
6．Chengdu is a big city in ________ we can learn ancient Shu culture and enjy mdern life.
A．whichB．whC．thatD．whm
7．Tina wn’t frget the mment ________ she saw her favrite singer.
A．whichB．thatC．whD．when
8．I lve the schl ________ I have studied fr three years.
A．whereB．whenC．whyD．what
9．The reasn________ he didn’t cme was__________ he was ill.
A．why； thatB．that； whyC．fr that； thatD．fr which； what
10．His glasses, ________ he was like a blind man, were brken.
A．with whichB．with itC．withut whichD．withut it
11．I am s glad that I have fund the same mdern cmputer _______ I am wrking n.
A．whichB．asC．thatD．where
12．The tree, _______ leaves were green and brwn, was blwn dwn in the typhn.
A．itsB．f whichC．whseD．which
13．Tm went t New Yrk in 2000, ________ nly tw years later he became a millinaire.
A．thatB．whereC．whatD．when
二、完成句子
14．they wear, that keep the flies away, special hats ( . )
.
15．The watch was made in America. Her uncle gave her the watch. (改为含定语从句的复合句)
The watch her uncle her was made in America.
16．Is that the by? Yu talked abut the by yesterday. （改为复合句）
17．This is a village. My father wrked in the village ten years ag.（把简单句改为包含定语从句的复合句）
18．friendly, places, the, are, where, the, peple, I, lve, really
.
19．there, a way, is, there, where, a will, is.
.
20．那就是我喜欢《动物世界》的原因。
I lve Animal Wrld.
21．There are many freigners living in Guangzhu, and mst f them are frm America.
(Rewrite the sentence with an attributive clause 定语从句. )
There are many freigners living in Guangzhu, .
22．众所周知，词汇对学习英语来说很重要。
knwn t all, vcabulary is very imprtant t learn English.
23．Yu just met Thmsn this mrning. He is the captain f the basketball team.
24．There are lts f things. Yu need t prepare them befre the trip.（改为含有定语从句的复合句）
There are lts f things befre the trip.
25．The peple were very friendly t me. They met the peple at the party.
26．I knw a by. The by saved an ld man.
三、单词拼写
27．This is the game in many students are interested.
28．—D yu knw the by gt first prize in the talent shw?
—Of curse. He’s my new neighbr.
29．The wman yu visited last week is a famus writer.
30．The by w parents are dead was brught up by his grandparents.
31．The time we gt tgether finally arrived.
32．The r why I was late fr schl was that I missed the first bus.
33．Della and Jim have tw precius pssessins (财产). They are Jim’s gld watch and Della’s lng beautiful hair, are the nly wealth fr them.
34． , water is the mst imprtant resurce in the wrld. (众所周知)
35．There are abut seven millin peple taking part in the electin, mst f are well educated.
36．Have yu ever been t Hangzhu, lies the West Lake?
参考答案：
1．B
2．D
3．A
4．B
5．B
6．A
7．D
8．A
9．A
10．C
11．B
12．C
13．B
14．They wear special hats that keep the flies away
15． which/that gave
16．Is that the by wh yu talked abut yesterday?/Is that the by that yu talked abut yesterday?/Is that the by whm yu talked abut yesterday?
17．This is the village in which my father wrked ten years ag./This is the village where my father wrked ten years ag.
18．I really lve the places where the peple are friendly
19．There is a way where there is a will
20．That is why/That is the reasn why
21．mst f whm are frm America
22． As is
23．Yu just met Thmsn, wh is the captain f the basketball team this mrning.
24．that yu need t prepare/which yu need t prepare
25．The peple wh they met at the party were very friendly t me./The peple that they met at the party were very friendly t me./The peple they met at the party were very friendly t me.
26．I knw the by wh saved an ld man.
27．which
28．wh/that
29．wh/whm/that
30．whse
31．when
32．(r)easn
33．which
34．As we all knw/As is knwn t all/As everyne knws
35．whm
36．where
that引导的定语从句
定语从句的定义
在复合句中充当定语的从句叫作定语从句。定语从句回般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后。
定语从句的关系词
引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词。常见的关系代词有that, which,wh(宾格whm,所有格 whse)等;关系副词有 where,when等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间,起连接作用,同时又在定语从句中充当成分。
三、定语从句的结构
被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词,关系词一般跟在先行词之后,引导定语从句。关系代词或关系副词在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用,且在从句中充当成分。关系代词在从句中可作主语、宾语或定语,关系副词在从句中作状语。
★ I am waiting fr the by that is wearing a blue cat.(关系代词作主语)我正在等那个穿着蓝色外套的男孩。
先行词 关系代词
★ The dictinary that my sister gave me last Sunday is very expensive.(关系代词作宾语)我姐姐上个星期天给我的那本词典很贵。
先行词 关系代词
四、that引导的定语从句
that引导定语从句时,可以指物,也可指人,在从句中作主语或宾语。that在定语从句中作宾语时,常可省略。
*There are sme films( that) Id like t see有几部电影我想去看。
* She is the nly ne amng us that knws French.她是我们中唯一一个懂法语的人。
w
hich和wh引导的定语从句
一、which引导的定语从句
which可以引导定语从句,修饰表示事物的先行词。
★ He is reading a bk which he bught frm Lndn.他正在读一本他从伦敦买来的书。(关系代词 which在定语从句中充当宾语)
【注意】which和介词搭配使用时,介词可放在 which之前,若是固定词组,一般不能拆开。
The huse in which Lu Xun nce lived is nw Lu Xun Museum.鲁迅曾住过的那所房子现在是鲁迅博物馆。
This is the pen which I am lking fr这是我正在找的那支钢笔。
1.关系词只能用that而不用 which的情况
1)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰。
★ He was the first persn that passed the exam.他是第一个通过考试的人。
被修饰的先行词是all,any, everything,nne等不定代词时。
★ Is there anything that yu want t buy in the shp?你有什么东西想在这家商店里买吗?
(3)先行词被 the nly, the very, the same, little,,few等词修饰时。
★ This is the same bike that I lst.这就是我丢的那辆自行车
(4)先行词里同时含有人和物时。
★ can remember well the persns and pictures that I saw in the rm.我能清楚地记得我在那个房间里看见的人和照片。
(5)主句是由wh或 which引导的特殊疑问句时,从句只能用that引导。★ Wh is the girl that is crying?正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?
(6)主句是 there be句型,修饰主语的定语从句用that引导。
★ There is a bk that belngs t Tm n the desk.桌子上有一本属于汤姆的书。
2.关系词只能用 which,而不能用that的情况
(1)先行词为that时。
★What' s that which is under the desk?桌子底下的那个东西是什么?(2)关系代词前有介词时。
★ This is the rm in which he lives.这是他住的房间。
二、wh引导的定语从句
在wh引导的定语从句中,关系代词wh指人,在从句中作主语。在从句中作宾语时,用whm,常被省略,在口语中常用wh代替whm。
★ This is the English teacher wh teaches my sn.这就是教我儿子的那位英语老师。
【注意】用wh引导定语从句需要注意以下三点:
(1)wh引导的定语从句的先行词是表示人的名词或代词。
★ The student wh is answering the questin is Jhn.正在回答问题的那个学生是约翰。
(2)wh是主格,在定语从句中作主语,此时不能省略。
★ The persn wh was here yesterday is a musician.昨天在这儿的那个人是一位音乐家。
在定语从句中,谓语动词应和其先行词在人称和数上保持一致。★ D yu knw the by wh is standing ver there?你认识站在那边的那个男孩吗?
例题精炼
一、单项选择
1．—What des Alma Mater (母校) mean t yu after graduatin fr s many years?
—Everything! Thse unfrgettable things and peple ________ I’m familiar (熟悉的) with will remain in my mind frever.
A．whB．thatC．whatD．which
2．My mther likes music ________ she can dance t, while my father likes music with great lyrics.
A．whatB．whC．whenD．which
3．I admire the peple _______ are hnest and hard-wrking.
A．whB．whmC．whichD．whse
4．He is the by ________ I played basketball.
A．whB．with whmC．whseD．that
5．Lily is a beautiful girl ________ dream is t be a scientist in the future.
A．whB．whseC．whichD．that
6．Chengdu is a big city in ________ we can learn ancient Shu culture and enjy mdern life.
A．whichB．whC．thatD．whm
7．Tina wn’t frget the mment ________ she saw her favrite singer.
A．whichB．thatC．whD．when
8．I lve the schl ________ I have studied fr three years.
A．whereB．whenC．whyD．what
9．The reasn________ he didn’t cme was__________ he was ill.
A．why； thatB．that； whyC．fr that； thatD．fr which； what
10．His glasses, ________ he was like a blind man, were brken.
A．with whichB．with itC．withut whichD．withut it
11．I am s glad that I have fund the same mdern cmputer _______ I am wrking n.
A．whichB．asC．thatD．where
12．The tree, _______ leaves were green and brwn, was blwn dwn in the typhn.
A．itsB．f whichC．whseD．which
13．Tm went t New Yrk in 2000, ________ nly tw years later he became a millinaire.
A．thatB．whereC．whatD．when
二、完成句子
14．they wear, that keep the flies away, special hats ( . )
.
15．The watch was made in America. Her uncle gave her the watch. (改为含定语从句的复合句)
The watch her uncle her was made in America.
16．Is that the by? Yu talked abut the by yesterday. （改为复合句）
17．This is a village. My father wrked in the village ten years ag.（把简单句改为包含定语从句的复合句）
18．friendly, places, the, are, where, the, peple, I, lve, really
.
19．there, a way, is, there, where, a will, is.
.
20．那就是我喜欢《动物世界》的原因。
I lve Animal Wrld.
21．There are many freigners living in Guangzhu, and mst f them are frm America.
(Rewrite the sentence with an attributive clause 定语从句. )
There are many freigners living in Guangzhu, .
22．众所周知，词汇对学习英语来说很重要。
knwn t all, vcabulary is very imprtant t learn English.
23．Yu just met Thmsn this mrning. He is the captain f the basketball team.
24．There are lts f things. Yu need t prepare them befre the trip.（改为含有定语从句的复合句）
There are lts f things befre the trip.
25．The peple were very friendly t me. They met the peple at the party.
26．I knw a by. The by saved an ld man.
三、单词拼写
27．This is the game in many students are interested.
28．—D yu knw the by gt first prize in the talent shw?
—Of curse. He’s my new neighbr.
29．The wman yu visited last week is a famus writer.
30．The by w parents are dead was brught up by his grandparents.
31．The time we gt tgether finally arrived.
32．The r why I was late fr schl was that I missed the first bus.
33．Della and Jim have tw precius pssessins (财产). They are Jim’s gld watch and Della’s lng beautiful hair, are the nly wealth fr them.
34． , water is the mst imprtant resurce in the wrld. (众所周知)
35．There are abut seven millin peple taking part in the electin, mst f are well educated.
36．Have yu ever been t Hangzhu, lies the West Lake?
参考答案：
1．B
2．D
3．A
4．B
5．B
6．A
7．D
8．A
9．A
10．C
11．B
12．C
13．B
14．They wear special hats that keep the flies away
15． which/that gave
16．Is that the by wh yu talked abut yesterday?/Is that the by that yu talked abut yesterday?/Is that the by whm yu talked abut yesterday?
17．This is the village in which my father wrked ten years ag./This is the village where my father wrked ten years ag.
18．I really lve the places where the peple are friendly
19．There is a way where there is a will
20．That is why/That is the reasn why
21．mst f whm are frm America
22． As is
23．Yu just met Thmsn, wh is the captain f the basketball team this mrning.
24．that yu need t prepare/which yu need t prepare
25．The peple wh they met at the party were very friendly t me./The peple that they met at the party were very friendly t me./The peple they met at the party were very friendly t me.
26．I knw the by wh saved an ld man.
27．which
28．wh/that
29．wh/whm/that
30．whse
31．when
32．(r)easn
33．which
34．As we all knw/As is knwn t all/As everyne knws
35．whm
36．where
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