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专题05 被动语态【弯道超车】暑假新九年级英语语法知识点讲解+例题精炼（人教版）（含答案）
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这是一份专题05 被动语态【弯道超车】暑假新九年级英语语法知识点讲解+例题精炼（人教版）（含答案），共7页。
被动语态是由“be dne”构成，如果有必要强调动作的执行者，动作执行者可以由介词by引出的短语表示。be动词随主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。
常见时态的被动语态
二．主动语态变被动语态
（一）主语 + 谓语 + 宾语
“主语 + 谓语 + 宾语”结构中只有一个宾语，变为被动语态时，将宾语变为主语，谓语动词变成相应的被动形式（若主动句中的宾语为人称代词，要将宾格变主格）
e.g.（主动句）We cleaned the rm. → （被动句）The rm was cleaned (by us).
（二）主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语
在这个句型中，谓语动词跟有两个宾语。变成被动语态时，一般将通常指人的间接宾语转化成主语，但有时也可将指物的间接宾语转化成主语：
e.g.（主动句）We gave the student sme bks. 我们给了这个学生几本书。
→（被动句1）The student was given sme bks. 这个学生被给了几本书。
→（被动句2）Sme bks were given t the student. 几本书被给了这个学生。
（注意：用直接宾语作被动语态的主语时，通常要在间接宾语前加上适当的介词(如t, fr, f等)，以加强间接宾语的语气。）
（三）主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语
在这个句型中，谓语动词后有一个宾语和一个宾语补足语，变成被动语态时，宾语转化成主语，宾语补足语也随之变为主语补足语：
e.g.（主动句）They kept us waiting fr a lng time. 他们让我们等了很长时间。
→（被动句）We were kept waiting fr a lng time. 我们等了很长时间。
注意：有些使役动词和感官动词，如make, let, have, see, hear, watch, ntice, bserve, listen t等，在主动结构中跟不带t的动词不定式作宾语补足语，在变为被动结构时，不定式应加上t。
e.g. He makes the girl stay at hme. (主动语态：make sb. d sth.）
→ The girl is made t stay at hme. (被动语态：be made t d sth.)
I ften see him read English in the mrning. (主动语态：see sb. d sth.)
→ He is ften seen t read English in the mrning. (被动语态：be seen t d sth.)
类似的还有：let sb. d sth. → be let t d sth. hear sb. d sth. → be heard t d sth.
watch sb. d sth. → be watched t d sth.
（四）动词短语构成的被动语态
有些不及物动词后面跟上介词或副词后，变成一个动词短语，相当于一个及物动词，在变为被动语态时，不可丢掉动词短语中的介词或副词。
e.g. We must take gd care f these ld peple.
→ These ld peple must be taken gd care f.
三．主动形式表示被动意义
英语中有些结构形式上是主动的，而表达的意义却是被动的。
1. lk, sund, taste, smell等系动词用主动结构表被动意义。
e.g. Unifrms lk ugly n us. These cakes taste delicius.
2. pen, write, sell, wash等词作不及物动词时，它们的主语为物，可用主动语态表被动意义。
e.g. This kind f pen writes very smthly.
This kind f shirt sells well here.
3. 在“be wrth ding”结构中，ding表被动意义。
e.g. The bk is (well) wrth reading.
4. want/ need / require + ding = want / need / require + t be dne （不定式的被动结构）
e.g. My bike needs repairing. = My bike needs t be repaired.
例题精炼
一、单项选择
1．The tea ________ in China ________ t many different cuntries and places each year.
A．is made; sentB．made; sentC．made; is sent
2．The tw parts ________ by sme wrkers last year.
A．are cnnectedB．were cnnectedC．is cnnectedD．was cnnected
3．What exciting news! The 2025 Wrld Games ________ in Chengdu.
A．was heldB．is heldC．will be held
4．Shanghai Disney Resrt (度假区) annunced that Disneyland and Disneytwn ________ clsed n Mnday and Tuesday because f COVID-19.
A．has beenB．will beC．wuld beD．is
5．—I think it’s mre and mre imprtant fr us t prtect ur envirnment.
—I agree with yu. Air and water ________ seriusly.
A．is pllutedB．are pllutingC．pllutedD．are being plluted
6．—Peter gt seriusly ________ in the car accident last week.
—Yes, he did. And he is ________ in the hspital nw.
A．hurt; being taken gd care
B．was hurt; being taken gd care f
C．hurt; being taken gd care f
D．was hurt; being taken gd care
7．The gds ________ when we arrived at the airprt.
A．were just unladingB．had just unladed
C．were just being unladedD．were just been unladed
8．A letter by Tm at seven yesterday．
A．is being writtenB．was writtenC．was being writtenD．written
9．Nw these magazines ________ in the library fr a lng time.
A．have keptB．are keepingC．have been kept
10．Different reading spaces ________ in my neighburhd recently t imprve peple’s reading envirnments.
A．have createdB．have been createdC．createdD．were created
11．Sme details must nt ________.
A．frgtB．be frgettingC．be frgtten
12．The bear ________ t the z tmrrw mrning.
A．may be sendB．may is sentC．may be sentD．is may sent
13．These kinds f pens ________ well. S they ________ ut quickly in all the shps.
A．are written; are sldB．write; are sldC．are written; sellD．write; sell
14．—What is mum cking in the kitchen?
—Fish, I guess. Hw nice it ________!
A．is smellingB．is smeltC．will smellD．smells
15．Yur car is very dirty. It needs ________.
A．t washB．t washingC．be washedD．washing
16．It ________ Jia Ling has becme ne f the mst successful female directrs.
A．is turned utB．turns utC．is carried utD．carries ut
17．—The windw is brken and needs ________.
—I think s. They can hardly keep ut the cld nw.
A．repairingB．t repairC．repairedD．be repaired
二、单词拼写
18．The students are (要求) t wear schl unifrms at schl.
19．Mike was p by ur headteacher because he brke the schl rules.
20．I was (深深感动) by this film which I watched last night.
21．The radi says a wild animal z (build) in ur city in tw years.
22．It is said that sme peple (send) t Mars in a few years.
23．The medals (present) t the winners as sn as the award music was played.
24．The visitrs asked where they (take).
25．In Nanning, the Metr Line 3 (build) nw.
26．When s many trees (cut) dwn, the CO2 in the Earth’s atmsphere is increasing.
27．When being （颁发）with a gld medal, the Chinese athlete culdn’t help crying.
28．The hmewrk has (be) checked twice.
29．The rm (lk) very clean. It (clean).
30．The stry can be (understand) easily.
31．Sme pictures must be (clur) with different clurs.
32．—Bad luck! My watch desn’t wrk well nw. —Take it easy. It just needs (repair).
33．—Hw d yu find this kind f pen?
—It (write) s well that everyne in ur class has each gt ne.
34．The fish tank needs (clean).
35．The lecture is wrth (attend). Please tell Jhn nt t be late.
三、完成句子
36．Lily ften cleans the windws. （改为被动语态）
The windws ften by Lily.
37．昨天李教授给我们做了一个关于濒危动物的讲座。
A lecture n endangered animals t us by prfessr Li yesterday.
38．Will the wrkers send the letter t America? (改为被动语态)
the letter t America by the wrkers?
39．They said they wuld plant mre trees the next year. (改为被动语态)
He said mre trees the next year.
40．She is writing a letter nw. (Passive Vice)
41．They were planting trees this time yesterday. (改为被动语态)
Trees them this time yesterday.
42．到目前为止，他们已经筹集了八千美元。
S far, eight thusand dllars by them.
43．我们不应该把父母的建议抛诸脑后。
Parents’ advice left behind by us.
44．这辆自行车坏了，需要被修理。
This bike is brken and it needs .
45．这种杂志上个月已经出版了。（cme）
This kind f magazine last mnth.
46．The plice use dgs t find things.
Dgs t find things the plice.
参考答案：
1．C
2．B
3．C
4．C
5．D
6．C
7．C
8．C
9．C
10．B
11．C
12．C
13．B
14．D
15．D
16．B
17．A
18．required
19．(p)unished
20． deeply mved
21．is ging t be built
22．will be sent
23．wuld be presented
24．wuld be taken
25．is being built
26．are being cut
27．presented
28．been
29． lks has been cleaned
30．understd
31．clured
32．repairing/t be repaired
33．writes
34．cleaning/t be cleaned
35．attending
36． are cleaned
37．was given
38． Will be sent
39． wuld be planted
40．A letter is being written by her nw.
41． were being planted by
42． has been raised
43． shuldn’t be
44．repairing/t be repaired/mending/t be mended/fixing/t be fixed
45．came ut
46． are used by
时态
主动语态
被动语态
例句
一般现在时
d
am/is/are dne
The classrm is cleaned by us every day.
一般过去时
did
was/were dne
The classrm was cleaned by us yesterday.
一般将来时
will/shall d
will/shall be dne
The classrm will be cleaned sn.
一般过去将来时
wuld d
wuld be dne
He said that the classrm wuld be cleaned by him.
现在进行时
am/is/are ding
am/is/are being dne
The classrm is being cleaned by us nw.
过去进行时
was/were ding
was/were being dne
The classrm was being cleaned by us at that time.
现在完成时
has/have dne
has/have been dne
The classrm has been cleaned by us already.
过去完成时
had dne
had been dne
The rm had been cleaned befre he went t schl.
含情态动词
can/may/must/shuld d
can/may/must/shuld be dne
The classrm must be cleaned every day.
被动语态是由“be dne”构成，如果有必要强调动作的执行者，动作执行者可以由介词by引出的短语表示。be动词随主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。
常见时态的被动语态
二．主动语态变被动语态
（一）主语 + 谓语 + 宾语
“主语 + 谓语 + 宾语”结构中只有一个宾语，变为被动语态时，将宾语变为主语，谓语动词变成相应的被动形式（若主动句中的宾语为人称代词，要将宾格变主格）
e.g.（主动句）We cleaned the rm. → （被动句）The rm was cleaned (by us).
（二）主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语
在这个句型中，谓语动词跟有两个宾语。变成被动语态时，一般将通常指人的间接宾语转化成主语，但有时也可将指物的间接宾语转化成主语：
e.g.（主动句）We gave the student sme bks. 我们给了这个学生几本书。
→（被动句1）The student was given sme bks. 这个学生被给了几本书。
→（被动句2）Sme bks were given t the student. 几本书被给了这个学生。
（注意：用直接宾语作被动语态的主语时，通常要在间接宾语前加上适当的介词(如t, fr, f等)，以加强间接宾语的语气。）
（三）主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语
在这个句型中，谓语动词后有一个宾语和一个宾语补足语，变成被动语态时，宾语转化成主语，宾语补足语也随之变为主语补足语：
e.g.（主动句）They kept us waiting fr a lng time. 他们让我们等了很长时间。
→（被动句）We were kept waiting fr a lng time. 我们等了很长时间。
注意：有些使役动词和感官动词，如make, let, have, see, hear, watch, ntice, bserve, listen t等，在主动结构中跟不带t的动词不定式作宾语补足语，在变为被动结构时，不定式应加上t。
e.g. He makes the girl stay at hme. (主动语态：make sb. d sth.）
→ The girl is made t stay at hme. (被动语态：be made t d sth.)
I ften see him read English in the mrning. (主动语态：see sb. d sth.)
→ He is ften seen t read English in the mrning. (被动语态：be seen t d sth.)
类似的还有：let sb. d sth. → be let t d sth. hear sb. d sth. → be heard t d sth.
watch sb. d sth. → be watched t d sth.
（四）动词短语构成的被动语态
有些不及物动词后面跟上介词或副词后，变成一个动词短语，相当于一个及物动词，在变为被动语态时，不可丢掉动词短语中的介词或副词。
e.g. We must take gd care f these ld peple.
→ These ld peple must be taken gd care f.
三．主动形式表示被动意义
英语中有些结构形式上是主动的，而表达的意义却是被动的。
1. lk, sund, taste, smell等系动词用主动结构表被动意义。
e.g. Unifrms lk ugly n us. These cakes taste delicius.
2. pen, write, sell, wash等词作不及物动词时，它们的主语为物，可用主动语态表被动意义。
e.g. This kind f pen writes very smthly.
This kind f shirt sells well here.
3. 在“be wrth ding”结构中，ding表被动意义。
e.g. The bk is (well) wrth reading.
4. want/ need / require + ding = want / need / require + t be dne （不定式的被动结构）
e.g. My bike needs repairing. = My bike needs t be repaired.
例题精炼
一、单项选择
1．The tea ________ in China ________ t many different cuntries and places each year.
A．is made; sentB．made; sentC．made; is sent
2．The tw parts ________ by sme wrkers last year.
A．are cnnectedB．were cnnectedC．is cnnectedD．was cnnected
3．What exciting news! The 2025 Wrld Games ________ in Chengdu.
A．was heldB．is heldC．will be held
4．Shanghai Disney Resrt (度假区) annunced that Disneyland and Disneytwn ________ clsed n Mnday and Tuesday because f COVID-19.
A．has beenB．will beC．wuld beD．is
5．—I think it’s mre and mre imprtant fr us t prtect ur envirnment.
—I agree with yu. Air and water ________ seriusly.
A．is pllutedB．are pllutingC．pllutedD．are being plluted
6．—Peter gt seriusly ________ in the car accident last week.
—Yes, he did. And he is ________ in the hspital nw.
A．hurt; being taken gd care
B．was hurt; being taken gd care f
C．hurt; being taken gd care f
D．was hurt; being taken gd care
7．The gds ________ when we arrived at the airprt.
A．were just unladingB．had just unladed
C．were just being unladedD．were just been unladed
8．A letter by Tm at seven yesterday．
A．is being writtenB．was writtenC．was being writtenD．written
9．Nw these magazines ________ in the library fr a lng time.
A．have keptB．are keepingC．have been kept
10．Different reading spaces ________ in my neighburhd recently t imprve peple’s reading envirnments.
A．have createdB．have been createdC．createdD．were created
11．Sme details must nt ________.
A．frgtB．be frgettingC．be frgtten
12．The bear ________ t the z tmrrw mrning.
A．may be sendB．may is sentC．may be sentD．is may sent
13．These kinds f pens ________ well. S they ________ ut quickly in all the shps.
A．are written; are sldB．write; are sldC．are written; sellD．write; sell
14．—What is mum cking in the kitchen?
—Fish, I guess. Hw nice it ________!
A．is smellingB．is smeltC．will smellD．smells
15．Yur car is very dirty. It needs ________.
A．t washB．t washingC．be washedD．washing
16．It ________ Jia Ling has becme ne f the mst successful female directrs.
A．is turned utB．turns utC．is carried utD．carries ut
17．—The windw is brken and needs ________.
—I think s. They can hardly keep ut the cld nw.
A．repairingB．t repairC．repairedD．be repaired
二、单词拼写
18．The students are (要求) t wear schl unifrms at schl.
19．Mike was p by ur headteacher because he brke the schl rules.
20．I was (深深感动) by this film which I watched last night.
21．The radi says a wild animal z (build) in ur city in tw years.
22．It is said that sme peple (send) t Mars in a few years.
23．The medals (present) t the winners as sn as the award music was played.
24．The visitrs asked where they (take).
25．In Nanning, the Metr Line 3 (build) nw.
26．When s many trees (cut) dwn, the CO2 in the Earth’s atmsphere is increasing.
27．When being （颁发）with a gld medal, the Chinese athlete culdn’t help crying.
28．The hmewrk has (be) checked twice.
29．The rm (lk) very clean. It (clean).
30．The stry can be (understand) easily.
31．Sme pictures must be (clur) with different clurs.
32．—Bad luck! My watch desn’t wrk well nw. —Take it easy. It just needs (repair).
33．—Hw d yu find this kind f pen?
—It (write) s well that everyne in ur class has each gt ne.
34．The fish tank needs (clean).
35．The lecture is wrth (attend). Please tell Jhn nt t be late.
三、完成句子
36．Lily ften cleans the windws. （改为被动语态）
The windws ften by Lily.
37．昨天李教授给我们做了一个关于濒危动物的讲座。
A lecture n endangered animals t us by prfessr Li yesterday.
38．Will the wrkers send the letter t America? (改为被动语态)
the letter t America by the wrkers?
39．They said they wuld plant mre trees the next year. (改为被动语态)
He said mre trees the next year.
40．She is writing a letter nw. (Passive Vice)
41．They were planting trees this time yesterday. (改为被动语态)
Trees them this time yesterday.
42．到目前为止，他们已经筹集了八千美元。
S far, eight thusand dllars by them.
43．我们不应该把父母的建议抛诸脑后。
Parents’ advice left behind by us.
44．这辆自行车坏了，需要被修理。
This bike is brken and it needs .
45．这种杂志上个月已经出版了。（cme）
This kind f magazine last mnth.
46．The plice use dgs t find things.
Dgs t find things the plice.
参考答案：
1．C
2．B
3．C
4．C
5．D
6．C
7．C
8．C
9．C
10．B
11．C
12．C
13．B
14．D
15．D
16．B
17．A
18．required
19．(p)unished
20． deeply mved
21．is ging t be built
22．will be sent
23．wuld be presented
24．wuld be taken
25．is being built
26．are being cut
27．presented
28．been
29． lks has been cleaned
30．understd
31．clured
32．repairing/t be repaired
33．writes
34．cleaning/t be cleaned
35．attending
36． are cleaned
37．was given
38． Will be sent
39． wuld be planted
40．A letter is being written by her nw.
41． were being planted by
42． has been raised
43． shuldn’t be
44．repairing/t be repaired/mending/t be mended/fixing/t be fixed
45．came ut
46． are used by
时态
主动语态
被动语态
例句
一般现在时
d
am/is/are dne
The classrm is cleaned by us every day.
一般过去时
did
was/were dne
The classrm was cleaned by us yesterday.
一般将来时
will/shall d
will/shall be dne
The classrm will be cleaned sn.
一般过去将来时
wuld d
wuld be dne
He said that the classrm wuld be cleaned by him.
现在进行时
am/is/are ding
am/is/are being dne
The classrm is being cleaned by us nw.
过去进行时
was/were ding
was/were being dne
The classrm was being cleaned by us at that time.
现在完成时
has/have dne
has/have been dne
The classrm has been cleaned by us already.
过去完成时
had dne
had been dne
The rm had been cleaned befre he went t schl.
含情态动词
can/may/must/shuld d
can/may/must/shuld be dne
The classrm must be cleaned every day.
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