人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement课时训练
展开Ⅰ. 根据首字母提示写出正确单词
1. It is hard t give an bjective pinin abut yur wn children.
2. Many cmpanies shw interest in hiring Yang Fang, but he is cmmitted t his jb as a teacher.
3. Althugh they lk similar, these plants are actually quite distinct.
4. We tried t persuade her t cme t the party with us, but she insisted that she was t tired.
5. It is imprtant that we shuld take care f public prperty.
6. We ught t knw that suffering a defeat is cmmn in ur life jurney.
7. The pictures we tk at the btanical garden are very amazing.
8. A drug is a chemical substance.
9. The cach tried t analyse the cause f ur failure in the match.
10. They decided t bil the prridge first.
Ⅱ. 单句语法填空
1. Winning the game is crucial t/fr the team, fr the result will decide whether it can defend its title.
2. It's vital that every piece f equipment (shuld) be checked (check) befre the experiment.
3. The liquid btained(btain) frm the bark f this tree can currently be used t treat several kinds f diseases.
4. Je is acknwledged (acknwledge) as the best basketball player f the year.
5. Tens f millins in Africa and Asia can see because f the cmmitment (cmmit) Wilsn made t preventing the preventable.
6. The schl has nly been pen fr nine and a half mnths, s it's t early t evaluate (evaluate) its success.
7. The students return in September fr the start f the new academic (academy) year.
8. Upn/On their return t the cuntry, the girls in the natinal vlleyball team received praise and fresh flwers.
9. The dctr insisted that my mther (shuld) stay(stay) at hme fr at least three mnths.
10. He fund that he lved playing the erhu, and was cmmitted t practising (practise) it.
Ⅲ. 语法填空
Tu Yuyu, a 1. (cmmit) and patient scientist, was brn in Ningb, China, n 30 December, 1930 and graduated 2.____ Peking University Medical Schl in 1955. In 1967, the Chinese gvernment frmed a team f scientists with the bjective f 3.___ (discver) a new treatment fr malaria, and Tu Yuyu was amng the first researchers 4. (chse). In 1969, she became the head f the prject in Beijing, and decided t review ancient Chinese medical texts t find traditinal btanical 5. (treat) fr the disease. After failing mre than 190 times, the team 6. (final) succeeded in 1971. Tu Yuyu and her team members even insisted n testing the medicine n 7. (they) t make sure that it was safe. Later, the medicine was tested n malaria patients, mst f 8.____ recvered. This medicine, which 9. (call) artemisinin, sn became a standard treatment fr malaria. It is thught t save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alne. In 2015, Tu Yuyu was awarded 10.___ Nbel Prize in Physilgy r Medicine.
1. 解析:分析句子结构可知,设空处与patient并列作定语,修饰 scientist,应用形容词。cmmitted意为“尽心尽力的”。故填 cmmitted。
答案:cmmitted
2. 解析:graduate frm意为“毕业于……”。故填 frm。
答案:frm
3. 解析:分析句子结构可知,设空处作介词f的宾语,应用动词-ing形式。故填 discvering。
答案:discvering
4. 解析:分析句子结构可知,and连接的分句中已有谓语动词,设空处应是非谓语动词形式。此处用动词的过去分词作后置定语,表示被动。故填 chsen。
答案:chsen
5. 解析:分析句子结构可知,设空处作find的宾语,被traditinal btanical修饰,故用其名词形式treatment,意为“治疗,处理”,是可数名词。故填 treatments。
答案:treatments
6. 解析:分析句子结构可知,设空处作状语,修饰动词 succeeded, 应用副词。故填 finally。
答案:finally
7. 解析:分析句子结构可知,设空处作介词n的宾语,应用代词形式。根据语境可知,这里指“他们自己”,应用反身代词。故填themselves。
答案:themselves
8. 解析:分析句子结构可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是patients, 指人,且设空处在句中作宾语。故填whm。
答案:whm
9. 解析:分析句子结构可知,设空处在which引导的定语从句中作谓语。叙述的是过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时;call与先行词The medicine是被动关系,应用被动语态。故填was called。
答案:was called
10. 解析:Nbel Prize是专有名词,应在其前面加定冠词the。故填the。
答案:the
[提升测评]
Ⅳ. 阅读七选五
Research suggests that cnfidence is imprtant t health and psychlgical well-being. But develping and maintaining cnfidence isn't easy and it's an easy thing t lse when yu feel like yu've failed r made a mistake. 1. .
Stp Cmparing Yurself t Others
D yu cmpare hw yu lk t peple arund yu? Or d yu cmpare yur salary t what yur friends earn? Making cmparisns is natural. But it isn't likely t help bst yur self-cnfidence. 2. . When yu ntice that yu are drawing cmparisns, remind yurself that ding s isn't helpful. Everyne is running their wn race and life isn't a cmpetitin.
Surrund Yurself with Psitive Peple
The peple yu spend time with can influence yur thughts and attitudes abut yurself, perhaps mre than yu realise. 3. . If yu feel bad abut yurself after hanging ut with a particular persn, it may be time t say gdbye. Instead, surrund yurself with peple wh lve yu and want the best fr yu.
4.
Self-talk that is ptimistic can help yu vercme self-dubt and take n new challenges. Next time yu begin t think that yu have n business speaking up in a meeting r that yu are t ut-f-shape t wrk ut, remind yurself that yur thughts aren't always accurate. Then find a way t turn thse thughts arund int mre psitive self-talk.
Set Realistic Gals
The mre yu achieve yur gals, the greater yur cnfidence in yurself and yur abilities. T set realistic gals, write dwn what yu want t achieve. 5. . If the answer is slim t nne, the gal may be a bit t high. Dial it back s it is mre realistic and mre achievable.
A. Be Kind t Yurself
B. Practise Psitive Self-Talk
C. It may even have the ppsite effect
D. S, pay attentin t hw thers make yu feel
E. Next, ask yurself what chance yu have f achieving it
F. Here are a few psitive effects f learning hw t be cnfident
G. Frtunately, there are several ways yu can increase yur self-cnfidence
1. 解析:根据空前的“But develping and maintaining cnfidence isn't easy and it's an easy thing t lse when yu feel like yu've failed r made a mistake.”及下文主要说明了增强自信的方法可知,G项“幸运的是,有几种方法可以增强你的自信”符合语境。故选G项。
答案:G
2. 解析:根据空前的“D yu cmpare hw yu lk t peple arund yu? Or d yu cmpare yur salary t what yur friends earn? Making cmparisns is natural. But it isn't likely t help bst yur self-cnfidence.”及空后的“When yu ntice that yu are drawing cmparisns, remind yurself that ding s isn't helpful.”可知,本句承接上文,继续说明和他人比较对自信产生的消极影响。故C项“它甚至可能产生相反的效果”符合语境。
答案:C
3. 解析:根据空前的“The peple yu spend time with can influence yur thughts and attitudes abut yurself, perhaps mre than yu realise.”及空后的“If yu feel bad abut yurself after hanging ut with a particular persn, it may be time t say gdbye.”可知,下文提到如果你在和某个人出去玩后感觉不好,也许是时候说再见了,说明要注意别人给你带来的感受。故D项符合语境。
答案:D
4. 解析:根据下文“Self-talk that is ptimistic can help yu vercme self-dubt and take n new challenges.”可知,本段的建议是通过自我对话来增强自信。故B项“练习积极的自我对话”适合作为本段的小标题。
答案:B
5. 解析:根据空前的“T set realistic gals, write dwn what yu want t achieve.”及空后的“If the answer is slim t nne, the gal may be a bit t high.”可知,上文提到写下目标,下文询问结果,故本句是在建议评估实现的机会。故E项“接下来,问问自己你有多大的机会实现它”符合语境。
答案:E
Reading and Thinking (2)
[基础测评]
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. Even in his late years f life, the ld man is still ding scientific(science) research.
2. She was apparently(apparent) much disappinted at the news Tm tld her.
3. Cultural relics are precius heritage fr us mankind and it is f vital imprtance t preserve them.
4. He knew that it wuld suffer many great defeats (defeat) befre it wuld begin t win the war.
5. The wman was a quiet lady wh mstly (mst) stayed alne.
6. The factry prduces what is acknwledged t be(be) the finest wl in the wrld.
7. Yu'll get the results when the analysis(analyse) is cmplete.
8. The learning needs f the tw grups are quite distinct frm each ther.
9. We need t carry ut a prper evaluatin(evaluate) f the new system.
10. Lk at yur skills bjectively(bjective) when deciding n a career change.
Ⅱ. 用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空
insist n, draw ut, lead t, by chance, accrding t, graduate frm,
die frm, make sure
1. The bks are classified int several parts accrding t their cntents.
2. In 2021, I graduated frm university, where I majred in Internatinal Trade.
3. Eating t much sugar can lead t health prblems.
4. Yu just need t make sure that yur vice is lud enugh t enable everyne t hear yu.
5. I wanted t walk t the statin, but he insisted n driving me there.
6. This is because each year millins f smkers die frm this habit.
7. He is ging t draw ut sme mney frm his credit card this afternn.
8. I met her quite by chance while walking in Oxfrd Street.
Ⅲ. 根据汉语句意完成英语句子
1. 人们认为人工智能在未来的使用会更加广泛。
AI is thught t be used even mre widely in the future.
2. 众所周知,热爱生活是幸福的关键。
It is widely acknwledged that lving yur life is the key t happiness.
3. 大多数当地人坚持认为这座老建筑不应该被拆除,因为它有悠久的历史。
Mst f the lcal peple insist that the ld building shuldn't be pulled dwn as it has a lng histry.
4. 一到茶室,那独特的茶壶和茶杯就给外国学生们留下了深刻的印象。
On/Upn arriving at the teahuse, the freign students were deeply impressed by the unique teapts and teacups.
5. 至关紧要的是,我们应当采取行动制止破坏雨林。
It is vital that we shuld act t stp the destructin f the rainfrest.
[提升测评]
Ⅳ. 完形填空
The 13-year-ld girl Anna is a vlleyball manager, a basketball manager, and a theatre vlunteer, but perhaps her greatest 1 is the fact that she has beaten cancer twice.
Anna was first diagnsed(诊断)with a rare type f 2 in December f 2019. A sftball player at the time, she tld her parents she was experiencing muscle 3 in her left arm, nly lifting it abut eye-level. She had t 4 surgery n her left arm.
Fr the fllwing weekends after the surgery, dctrs scanned her 5 t make sure she was cancer-free and then in August f 2023, dctrs 6 a spt n her lungs. She had anther 7 in September t remve it. Anna said later the first time with cancer, it felt like a learning stage. The secnd time arund, it was a little 8 t accept the news.
And thrughut all f this, Anna had t 9 schlwrk and hspital life. Her sufferings with cancer frced her t really 10 herself because she was ut f schl fr quite a while. Nw she has 11 and has straight As. Anna's father, Eric Bartel, said her jurney had inspired him t 12 every mment, enjying time with his lving daughter.
Anna is ding well these days thugh. She's 13 in theatre and is a cach's assistant. “When yu're n 14 yu have t keep fighting,” Anna said. “Always live life t the fullest each day. Yu're lved. Yur life 15 .”
1. A. excitement B. achievement
C. devtin D. ambitin
解析:excitement兴奋,激动;achievement成就;devtin忠诚,奉献;ambitin抱负,雄心。根据空后的“is the fact that she has beaten cancer twice”可知,安娜两次战胜癌症,这的确是一个伟大的成就。故选B项。
答案:B
2. A. pain B. cld
C. cancer D. fever
解析:pain疼痛,伤痛;cld感冒,寒冷;cancer癌症;fever发烧。根据下文“Fr the fllwing weekends after the surgery, dctrs scanned her 5 t make sure she was cancer-free and then in August f 2023, dctrs 6 a spt n her lungs. She had anther 7 in September t remve it.”可知,安娜患上了癌症。故选 C项。
答案:C
3. A. weakness B. grwth
C. recvery D. relief
解析:weakness虚弱,不足;grwth成长;recvery康复;relief宽慰,减轻。根据下文“in her left arm, nly lifting it abut eye-level. She had t 4 surgery n her left arm”可知,安娜的左臂只能抬到大约与眼睛平齐的位置,所以可以推断肌肉是虚弱无力的。故选A项。
答案:A
4. A. manage B. have
C. attend D. refuse
解析:manage管理;have有,接受;attend参加,出席,照料;refuse拒绝。根据上文“she was experiencing muscle 3 in her left arm, nly lifting it abut eye-level”以及下文“Fr the fllwing weekends after the surgery” 可知,此处指的是安娜的左臂虚弱无力,所以必须做手术。have surgery意为“接受手术”。故选B项。
答案:B
5. A. briefly B. ccasinally
C. Partly D. regularly
解析:briefly简短地;ccasinally偶尔,偶然;partly部分地;regularly有规律地,定期地。根据“dctrs scanned her 5 t make sure she was cancer-free”可知,此处指的是手术后的定期扫描检查。故选D项。
答案:D
6. A. nticed B. erased
C. ignred D. marked
解析:ntice注意到;erase删除;ignre忽视; mark标记。根据空后的“a spt n her lungs”可知, 此处指的是医生定期扫描时发现了一个斑点。故选A项。
答案:A
7. A. assessment B. appintment
C. examinatin D. peratin
解析:assessment评估,估计;appintment 约定,任命;examinatin考试;peratin手术,实施。根据上文“Fr the fllwing weekends after the surgery, dctrs scanned her 5 t make sure she was cancer-free and then in August f 2023, dctrs 6 a spt n her lungs.”以及空前的“She had anther”可知,此处指的是安娜进行了第二次手术,切除了肺部发现的斑点。故选D项。
答案:D
8. A. harder B. easier
C. stranger D. better
解析:harder更难的;easier更容易的;stranger更奇怪的;better更好的。根据上文“Anna said later the first time with cancer, it felt like a learning stage. The secnd time arund, it was a little”可知,在安娜看来第二次诊断出患有癌症就像学习第二遍知识一样,接受起来要比第一次更容易。故选B项。
答案:B
9. A. slve B. cnnect
C. abandnD. balance
解析:slve解决,处理;cnnect联系,连接; abandn抛弃,遗弃;balance平衡。根据空后的“schlwrk and hspital life”可知, 此处指的是虽然身患癌症,安娜依旧坚持平衡学习和医院生活之间的关系。故选D项。
答案:D
10. A. apply B. cntrl
C. cnvince D. frgive
解析:apply施加,运用;cntrl控制;cnvince使相信,说服;frgive原谅。根据空后的“herself because she was ut f schl fr quite a while. Nw she has 11 and has straight As”可知, 此处指的是因为身患癌症,安娜的学业落下了很多,所以她只有让自己努力学习。apply neself “努力,专心,致力于”。故选A项。
答案:A
11. A. caught up B. held back
C. drpped ut D. blwn up
解析:catch up赶上; hld back阻止;drp ut辍学; blw up爆炸。根据空后的“and has straight As”可知, 此处指的是安娜的成绩都是A,所以可以推断出,经过一番努力安娜终于赶上来了。故选A项。
答案:A
12. A. spare B. appreciate
C. imagine D. create
解析:spare腾出,匀出;appreciate感激,重视;imagine想象;create创造。根据“Anna's father, Eric Bartel, said her jurney had inspired him t 12 every mment, enjying time with his lving daughter.”可知, 此处指的是安娜与癌症作斗争的经历激励着她的父亲珍惜与女儿在一起的每一刻。故选B项。
答案:B
13. A. active B. graceful
C. dminant D. cautius
解析:active积极的; graceful大方的,优雅的; dminant占优势的,占支配地位的;cautius谨慎的。根据空前的“Anna is ding well these days thugh.”和空后的“in theatre”以及“Always live life t the fullest each day.”可知, 此处指的是战胜癌症后的安娜在戏剧方面非常积极。故选A项。
答案:A
14. A. vacatinB. trust
C. Treatment D. duty
解析:vacatin假期;trust信任;treatment治疗,对待;duty责任,义务。根据全文内容以及空后的“yu have t keep fighting”可知,此处指的是安娜因为癌症接受治疗时必须一直战斗。故选C项。
答案:C
15. A. declines B. suffers
C. matters D. waits
解析:decline下降,减少;suffer遭受;matter重要,有关系;wait等待。根据上文“Always live life t the fullest each day. Yu're lved. Yur life 15 .”可知, 在安娜看来,我们每天都应该尽情地享受生活,因为生命非常重要。故选C项。
答案:C
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