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上外版 (2020)必修 第三册Unit 4 Life and Technology精品单元测试课后复习题
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这是一份上外版 (2020)必修 第三册Unit 4 Life and Technology精品单元测试课后复习题，共23页。试卷主要包含了用单词的适当形式完成短文，选用适当的单词或短语补全短文，阅读理解，完形填空，六选四，概要写作，汉译英，写作等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
A SPECTRE is haunting wrkers—the rise f artificial intelligence (AI)
The fear is that smart cmputer prgrams will eliminate millins f jbs, cndemning a generatin t minimum-wage drudgery r ___1___ (enfrce) idleness. Never mind the rbts, fear the sftware. There is n need t be s glmy, say Ken Gldberg f the University f Califrnia, Berkeley, and Vind Kumar, the chief executive f Tata Cmmunicatins, a unit f India’s biggest business huse (which stands ___2___ (prfit) frm the spread f AI). They have prduced a reprt that is much mre ptimistic abut the utlk fr rdinary emplyees. In many cases, it says, jb satisfactin will be enhanced by the eliminatin f mundane tasks, giving peple time t be ___3___ (creative). Their views are backed up by a survey f 120 senir executives, cnducted fr the reprt, which fund that mre f them (77%) thught that AI wuld create new rles than believed ___4___ wuld replace existing psitins (57%; respndents culd chse bth ptins). Extra skills ___5___ be needed t cpe with the new technlgy and mre than half f the bsses are already taking steps t train their wrkfrces. N previus technlgy shifts ___6___ (have) as negative effects n emplyment as was first feared. The authrs nte sme well-knwn examples. Bar-cde scanners did nt eliminate the rle f cashiers in America; jbs in the retail industry grew at an annual rate f mre than 2% between 1980 and 2013. The arrival f autmated teller machines (ATMS) spared bank emplyees the jb f delivering cash and freed them t ffer financial advice ___7___ custmers. Sme jbs culd be made a lt easier by AI. One example is lrry-driving. Such is the fear ___8___truck drivers will be replaced by autnmus vehicles. But maneuvering a lrry arund busy streets is far harder than driving dwn the mtrway. S the driver culd switch int autmatic mde (and get sme rest) when utside the big cities, and take ver the wheel nce again when ___9___ (near) the destinatin. The bvius analgy (类比) is with jetliners, ____10____ the pilts handle take-ff and landing but turn n the cmputer t cruise at 35,000 feet. Using AI may prevent tired drivers frm causing accidents.
二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文
Directin: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the wrds in the bx. Each wrd can nly be used nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
The huse f the future? A sun-filled, shape-shifting, shed-share paradise
What will hmes be like 10 years frm nw? Judging by the winners f the Hme f 2030 cmpetitin, sharing will be key.
Shared hme-wrking spaces, cmmunal garden sheds and huses built using apps—these are just sme f the ideas in the winning prpsals fr the gvernment’s Hme f 2030 cmpetitin t develp prttype “hmes fit fr the future”,____11____the “best f British design”. The aim was t imagine what the best age-adaptable, energy-efficient, healthy hmes might lk like in 10 years’ time; but, accrding t the winning architects, mst f the best ideas have been arund fr generatins.
“Yu can’t get much mre ____12____and adaptable than the Gergian twnhuse,” says Jennifer Beningfield f Openstudi, leader f ne f the tw winning teams annunced tday. “We’ve taken this very simple mdel and ____13____it fr the 21st century. Our idea was t create infinite chice and variatin frm smething very simple.”
Her team’s scheme imagines a terraced (排房的) husing type made frm tw standard cmpnents, a base unit and a lft, jined with “cnnectr” pieces, taking int accunt multiple cnfiguratins (布局) ver time as family ____14____change. Standing between the hmes, the cnnectrs wuld ____15____stairs and a lift, as well as strage and shared wrkspace. One f the mst imprtant aspects since the pandemic, says Beningfield, is prviding “space t wrk frm hme, withut having yur laptp n the kitchen table”. Each hme wuld have its wn private utdr space, while they wuld all back n t large cmmunal gardens, arranged in the ____16____f a traditinal Lndn square.
Built ff-site t demanding Passivhaus standards, with a twin wall timber frame, the hmes wuld be ____17____by generus 2.7m high ceilings and tall 2.5m windws and drs, massively increasing the amunt f daylight brught int the rms, cmpared with mst new-build spec husing. Beningfield, wh studied and wrked in Suth Africa and the US, says that ff-site cnstructin is crucial, given the shcking build quality f s many new hmes in the UK – which she fears will nly get wrse after Brexit, if much f the skilled ____18____is frced t leave.
As is s ften the case with blue-sky (纯理论的) ideas cmpetitins, the ambitins f the Hme f 2030 winning teams are ____19____– and, in this case, cmpletely buildable – but there is little evidence t suggest that either the gvernment r the vlume husebuilding sectr has any intentin f putting them int practice. Fr that, we must lk t Sunderland in 2023, and hpe that a(n)____20____unin f ther cuncils, cmmunities and smaller-scale builders have the imaginatin t fllw their lead.
三、阅读理解
A
Derek and Shirley walked ut f the airprt building and int the bright sunshine. Lking up at the brilliant blue sky and then at the faraway muntains rising abve the swaying palm trees, they culdn’t wait t start their hliday.
A taxi pulled up swiftly and silently. Derek drpped their suitcases int the bt and jined Shirley in the back seat. “Palm Trees Htel, please,” Derek said excitedly. “Certainly, sir,” replied the driver, as he turned arund with a flashing white smile. Derek and Shirley gave each ther a puzzled lk as the taxi eased smthly int the traffic. “Excuse me, er, yur face seems very familiar-in fact, yu remind us f that famus film star, Rcky Overtn... but f curse, yu can’t be.”
Derek and Shirley sat in silent disbelief as the driver explained that he was nt a real persn, but a rbt made t lk like a famus actr. "Rcky” explained that the taxi cmpany had purchased the latest mdel f rbt drivers since they were prgrammed t be safer and mre reliable than human drivers. “S, here I am,” “Rcky” cntinued, “yur first rbt taxi driver!”
Derek and Shirley held each ther’s hands mre tightly. “Relax,” “Rcky” reassured them, “there is nthing fr yu t wrry abut. I can assure yu that my driving skills are excellent. I’m equipped with perfect visin and superir reactins, and I knw every street in the city. I am instantly updated with the latest traffic infrmatin s that I can avid traffic jams and get yu t yur destinatin in the quickest and least stressful manner. Please sit back, relax and enjy the jurney.”
Derek and Shirley, feeling a little better, leaned back in their seats and clsed their eyes. “And anther thing,” “Rcky” added, “my line f rbts represents the ultimate in cmputer technlgy. I am beautifully designed, made frm nly the best materials and subject t the strictest quality checks. Therefre, yu are entirely safe with me. Nthing culd pssibly g wrng… culd pssibly g wrng… g wrng… g wrng…”
21．Why did Derek and Shirley feel puzzled when they gt int the taxi?
A．Because the driver gave them a big smile.
B．Because the driver was Rcky Overtn.
C．Because the driver lked like a famus actr.
D．Because the driver was a rbt.
22．What d we knw abut the taxi driver “Rcky”?
A．It is the first rbt taxi driver in the wrld.
B．It has the perfect visin and superir reactins.
C．It has never get stuck in traffic jams.
D．It is instantly updated with the latest news.
23．What des the underlined wrd “reassured” in paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A．Cmfrted.B．Threatened.C．Surprised.D．Persuaded.
24．What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A．Rbt drivers are perfectly designed.
B．Rbt drivers can nt repeat the wrds.
C．Rbt drivers are nt s reliable as expected.
D．Rbt drivers are much safer than human drivers.
B
“WHAT CAN I HELP YOU WITH?” says a vice frm an iPhne. It’s Siri, and she’s ready t fllw yur vice cmmands t search the Internet, text smene, r play a sng. Siri is an example f artificial intelligence(AI), r a cmputer prgram that can think. The way Siri thinks is very different frm hw a persn thinks. She desn’t have a brain. Instead, she relies n cde in a cmputer prgram t understand speech and answer questins. And sme questins are still t difficult fr her t answer.
Hwever, AI prgrams like Siri are getting smarter and smarter every year. In 2011, an AI named Watsn defeated tw human champins n the quiz shw Jepardy! Cmputer prgrams can als drive cars, perfrm science experiments, and prduce their wn artwrk.
Smeday, artificial intelligence will mst likely surpass human intelligence. Once this happens, cmputers will think, plan, and act at a level that human beings can’t understand. In his bk Superintelligence, Nick Bstrm writes, “As the fate f the grillas nw depends mre n us humans than n the grillas themselves, s the fate f ur species wuld depend n the actins f the machine superintelligence.”
If a superintelligence wanted t rule the wrld, Bstrm argues, it wuld easily d s. It culd als wipe ut all humans. Or just ignre us. Whatever it did, we likely wuldn’t have much cntrl. He’s nt the nly ne wrrying. In 2015, a grup f great scientists, including Stephen Hawking, wrte an pen letter that asks anyne researching AI t prceed carefully. AI has the ptential t benefit sciety greatly, but “ur AI systems must d what we want them t d.” they write. What d yu think? If peple create a super intelligent AI, will we be able t cntrl it?
What will happen t us if a super intelligent AI starts making decisins n its wn?
25．What can Siri d nw accrding t the passage?
A．She can think like a human.B．She can answer all kinds f questins.
C．She can fllw yur vice cmmands.D．She can make decisins n her wn.
26．What des the writer want t shw by mentining AI Watsn?
A．AI is getting increasingly smart.B．Cmputer science is develping fast.
C．AI perfrms best in the quiz shw Jepardy.D．Cmputer prgrams can d a variety f jbs.
27．What des the underlined wrd “surpass” mean in paragraph 3?
A．Be similar t.B．D better than.C．Cmpete against.D．Be junir t.
28．What is Nick Bstrm’s attitude twards superintelligence?
A．Supprtive.B．Dubtful.C．Cautius.D．Objective.
C
Are yu interested in rbt-science? What d yu think rbts are capable f? Let’s have a review f wrld-leading technlgy gathered at the Wrld Rbt Cnference (WRC) 2022.
Technlgy in agriculture
A fruit-picking rbt attracted visitrs’ attentin. With the help f varius sensrs and an AI system, the rbt can cllect fruit accrding t its ripeness, quality and size. The rbt first lcates the fruit and then uses sensrs t decide whether it is ripe, with a rbtic arm picking the fruit gently. The fruit is then categrized, ending up in a basket accrding t its size. It is said that mre rbtic technlgy will be used in agriculture in the future, including rbts fr daily inspectin and weeding.
Rbts fighting Cvid-19
Medical staff cnducting nucleic acid tests ften find their wrk tilsme, especially under the summer heat. A nucleic acid test rbt develped by Tsinghua University and a Chinese bitech cmpany was presented at the WRC．It lks like a vending machine, but the rbt can cllect thrat swabs (拭子), prcess samples, as well as prduce and uplad the results within 45 minutes. The whle prcess will nt require the invlvement f humans r labratries.
Inventins f the yuth
Thse visiting the exhibit als witnessed the intelligence f a new generatin. Wang Zirun, a junir student at the schl, designed a three-dimensinal parking facility mdel. Since there are usually t few parking spaces in lder residential areas, Wang’s wrk aims t fit mre cars int current parking spts. The facility wrks like a sky wheel with six parking spts. When cars need t be picked up, the facility rtates steadily, placing the car n the grund.
29．Where is the text prbably taken frm?
A．A travel brchure.
B．A technlgy textbk.
C．A science magazine.
D．A prduct advertisement.
30．Why is the parking facility designed like a sky wheel?
A．T save building materials.
B．T prevent cars frm being stlen.
C．T increase grund parking spaces.
D．T make the mst f limited space.
31．What can we infer frm the text?
A．Bth the fruit-picking rbt and the nucleic acid test rbt can save manpwer.
B．The WRC is intended t inspire the intelligence f a yung generatin.
C．All the inventins mentined have been put int practical use.
D．Human can be replaced by the rbt in the future.
四、完形填空
Artificial intelligence (AI) has amazing ptential t change the wrld, and we’ve nly just begun t scratch the surface. As AI matures and peple mve further away frm distinct prgramming and mnitring f systems, unidentified bias (偏见) might make decisins cntinue fr a lng time that cause ___32___ harm fr individuals and sciety. This bias might ___33___ input data r even the algrithms (算法) themselves.
All t ften, data sets are incmplete and the sample represented in the data set des nt ___34___ the ppulatin that the AI mdel is making predictins abut — this is knwn as cverage bias. Sme ther types f bias related t input data include sampling bias, where data is nt cllected randmly frm the target grup, and participatin bias, where users frm certain grups ___35___ surveys at different rates than users frm ther grups. Still, anther mre challenging bias t identify is cnfirmatin bias that ccurs when a decisin maker r analyst has a strng ___36___ belief r experience that affects their ability t cnsider alternatives. This culd lead ne t mre strngly ___37___ data that cnfirms a preexisting belief.
Bias resulting frm AI algrithms themselves, r algrithmic bias, is equally ___38___. One example f algrithmic bias is implicit bias r uncnscius bias, where data scientists ___39___ make assciatins r assumptins based n their mental mdels and memries that affect data mdeling decisins. Implicit bias can ___40___ hw data is cllected and classified, r hw systems are designed and develped. As machines learn, their cnclusins and decisins affect peple. Ethical (道德的) AI must understand these impacts and create gvernance and testing methds t ____41____ mistakes and inaccuracies.
T create ethical AI, cmpanies need t put the ____42____ f the individual at the center f data innvatin. This means thinking abut ____43____ rights as human rights and develping a cmprehensive apprach t data, including hw we use AI.
Having ____44____ data practices fr AI means having gd AI gvernance. This gvernance nt nly fcuses n data and analytics but als understands the impacts f any given analysis and makes sure it’s ____45____ and accurate. Gd AI gvernance includes data respnsibility as well as a cmmitment t transparency (透明性).
Nne f this will be easy, but true innvatin never is. By cming tgether and wrking n the prblem f bias nw, befre it becmes a(n) ____46____ frce, businesses can help bring ut the best AI has t ffer the wrld.
32．A．thereticalB．psychlgicalC．disprprtinateD．unintended
33．A．arise frmB．cntribute tC．take verD．make up
34．A．inspireB．matchC．prtectD．restrict
35．A．quitB．administerC．cmpareD．analyze
36．A．distinctB．predictableC．riginalD．widespread
37．A．restreB．implyC．missD．favr
38．A．embarrassingB．dangerusC．relevantD．ridiculus
39．A．intentinallyB．temprarilyC．autmaticallyD．apprpriately
40．A．influenceB．helpC．attractD．predict
41．A．admitB．defineC．addressD．publicize
42．A．belngingsB．expressinsC．characteristicsD．needs
43．A．civilB．digitalC．legalD．natural
44．A．frequentB．respnsibleC．peculiarD．graceful
45．A．fairB．quickC．appealingD．adequate
46．A．leadingB．innvativeC．culturalD．destructive
五、六选四
Hw Will Machines and AI Change the Future f Wrk?
Several recent studies have examined hw machine autmatin and artificial intelligence (AI) will change the future f wrk.
The Rand Crpratin recently issued its wn reprt n the future effects f autmatin and AI n jbs and the wrkplace. Osnde Osba was a c-authr f the reprt. ____47____
In 16th century England, Queen Elizabeth famusly refused an inventr’s request fr a patent fr a device t make material fr clthing. The Queen explained that the device wuld lead t majr jb lsses, frcing affected wrkers t becme “beggars”.
____48____ But he believes the future prblems have been verestimated withut histrical evidence t back up the predictins.
The McKinsey Glbal Institute has als studied the issue. Its research suggests that up t ne-third f wrk activities acrss 46 natins culd be displaced by 2030. ____49____ It says this grwth, alng with ther ecnmic influences, culd help ffset (弥补) the displacement f millins f wrkers. “All wrkers will need t adapt, as their ccupatins evlve alngside increasingly capable machines,” the reprt said. This will require nging retraining f wrkers. In additin, emplyees will be spending mre time n activities difficult t autmate.
____50____ These include jbs depending n human mtr skills, psitins requiring creative thinking and actins, and jbs dealing with intense scial interactin.
Rand Crpratin’s Osnde Osba agrees with McKinsey. He als thinks that it will be very difficult fr cmpanies t cmpletely autmate mst jbs, because they require a wrker t perfrm many different duties and t react t unexpected situatins.
A．Osba says this can be prblematic fr machines, which d nt understand cultural nrms in the ppulatin.
B．McKinsey identifies three jb types that will be very difficult t replace with a machine.
C．He nted that fears ver machines taking jbs frm humans ges back centuries.
D．The study als predicts rising demand fr educatrs, and “creatives”, a grup f wrkers including artists, perfrmers and entertainers.
E．The study says autmatin will als raise prductivity and ecnmic grwth.
F．Osba agrees there will be majr jb destructin due t AI and autmatin, especially fr lwer skilled wrkers.
六、概要写作
51．Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s)f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
AI is making applying fr Jbs even mre miserable
Jb interviews are rarely fun, especially when yu yung. I will never frget the pening questin in my first interview fr the Financial Times graduate trainee scheme: “S, apart frm the week befre yur interview, d yu ever actually read the FT?”
Yung peple tday face a different but n less intimidating challenge. They find themselves smiling anxiusly int their laptp webcams(摄像头), answering questin as a time ticks dwn with n human t interact with at all
Large emplyers are using these “asynchrnus(非共时的)vide interviews”(AVIs)t cut dwn jb applicants t a smaller number they can meet in persn. Platfrms such as Hire Vue and Mdern Hire recrd applicants answering pre-determined questins, usually with a time limit fr each answer. In sme cases, the recrdings will be watched by the emplyer's hiring managers. In thers, the platfrm's algrithms(算法)will assess the candidate based n what they said r even their facial expressins.
AVIs are increasingly cmmn. These interviews can be dne cheaply and at scale: ne grcery chain in the US was gathering as many as 15,000 per day during the pandemic, accrding t Hire Vue. The platfrms say the prcess is fairer and less biased than human recruiters, leading t better and mre diverse candidates making the cut.
But emplyers need t pay mre attentin t hw the prcess affects prspective emplyees. Researchers at the University f Sussex Business Schl, in assciatin with the Institute fr Emplyment Studies, have warned that yung jb-seekers feel cnfused, de-humanised and exhausted by autmated recruitment systems.
Jimeet Rmen Shah, wh is in his final year at the University f Sussex, has dne seven r s AVIs in the past tw years. He tries t “make eye cntact” with the camera but finds it hard nt t watch his wn face n the screen. He wrries that if he glances dwn r up it will lk like he is reading ntes. “It des feel rbtic,” he says. In mst cases, he wasn't able t review the vides and wasn't tld if a human r a machine wuld judge him. He has never received detailed feedback after a rejectin.
After all, an interview is a cmpany's first real interactin with prspective emplyees, sme f whm it will want t hire. It shuld be a chance fr bth sides t learn abut each ther.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
七、汉译英（整句）
52．窃贼一定是深夜时从窗户逃出去的。(must)
___________________________________________________________________________
53．这小孩太调皮，使得他那忙于工作的父母常常心烦意乱。(S …)
___________________________________________________________________________
54．应该鼓励学生将课堂上所学的知识用于实践中去。
___________________________________________________________________________
55．看到这可怕的景象，我感觉我的血液都凝固起来。
___________________________________________________________________________
八、写作
56．自新冠疫情(COVID-19)暴发以来，很多学校都采取了线上教学方式。假定你校英语报正在征集关于在线教育的稿件，请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.在线教育的利与弊；
2.你的看法。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.题目已为你写好
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A．labur B．manner C．highlighting D．circumstances E. updated
F. characterised G. integrated H. admirable I. accmmdate J. verseeing
K. flexible
参考答案
1．enfrced 2．t prfit 3．mre creative 4．it 5．may 6．have had 7．t 8．that 9．nearing 10．where
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了让工人们担忧、可能会应用到各行各业让他们失业的人工智能。
1．考查过去分词。句意：人们担心，智能计算机程序将消除数百万个工作岗位，使一代人陷入最低工资的苦工或被迫无所事事的状态。分析句子可知，enfrce“强迫”在此处使用过去分词，表示其与后面的名词idleness构成被动关系。故填enfrced。
2．考查不定式。句意：加州大学伯克利分校的肯·戈德伯格和印度最大的商业公司塔塔通信（它将从人工智能的传播中获利）的首席执行官维诺德·库马尔表示，没必要如此悲观。stand t d将会做、可能做。故填t prfit。
3．考查形容词比较级。句意：报告说，在许多情况下，消除平凡的工作会提高工作满意度，让人们有时间更具创造力。分析句子可知，空格处表示人们创造力能够被提高，即更具创造力。故填mre creative。
4．考查代词。句意：他们的观点得到了为该报告进行的一项针对120名高管的调查的支持，该调查发现，他们中认为人工智能将创造新角色的人（77%）多于认为人工智能会取代现有职位的人（57%；受访者可以选择这两种选择）。分析句子可知，空格处应该填写代词it，指代前文提到的AI。故填it。
5．考查情态动词。句意：应对新技术可能需要额外的技能，超过一半的老板已经在采取措施培训员工。分析句子可知，，此处老板之所以采取措施培训员工，是因为他们推测新技术可能需要额外的技能，故使用情态动词may表示推测。故填may。
6．考查时态。句意：以前的技术变革没有像人们最初担心的那样对就业产生负面影响。分析句子可知，N previus technlgy shifts “以前的技术变革”指的是从过去到现在的变革对现在的影响，即使用现在完成时。故填have had。
7．考查介词。句意：自动柜员机的出现使银行员工不再需要交付现金，也让他们能够为客户提供财务建议。分析句子可知，此处需要填写介词t构成ffer sth t sb “给某人提供某物”。故填t。
8．考查同位语从句。句意：人们担心卡车司机会被自动驾驶汽车取代。分析句子可知，fear“担心”后为解释说明担心实际内容的同位语从句，从句成分完整，故使用连词that引导。故填that。
9．考查现在分词。句意：因此，司机可以在大城市外切换到自动模式（并得到一些休息），并在接近目的地时再次控制方向盘。分析句子可知，空格处动词near“靠近”填写nearin现在分词形式，因为when引导的从句中其逻辑主语the driver“司机”被省略，且与主语构成主动关系。故填nearing。
10．考查连词。句意：很明显的类比是喷气式飞机，飞行员处理起飞和降落，但却打开电脑在35000英尺的高度巡航。分析句子可知，空格处需要填写连接副词where引导非限定性定语从句，关系词指代先行词jetliners“喷气式飞机”并在从句中作地点状语，即在喷气式飞机上飞行员做这些事情。故填where。
11．C 12．K 13．E 14．D 15．I 16．B 17．G 18．A 19．H 20．J
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了未来的房子的模型，它可以是一个充满阳光、形状多变、共享棚屋的天堂。
11．考查非谓语动词。句意：共享的家庭工作空间、公共花园棚屋和使用应用程序建造的房屋——这些只是政府的2030年家园竞赛的获胜提案中的一些想法，该竞赛旨在开发“适合未来的家园”原型，突出了“英国最好的设计”。分析句子，设空处应该使用现在分词作伴随状语，表示“突显，显示”用highlight。故选C。
12．考查形容词。句意：“没有比格鲁吉亚风格的联排别墅更灵活、适应性更强的了。”分析句子，设空处应该使用形容词与后文的adaptable构成并列结构，此处表示“灵活的”用flexible。故选K
13．考查动词。句意：我们采用了这个非常简单的模型，并针对21世纪进行了更新。我们的想法是从非常简单的东西中创造出无限的选择和变化。分析句子，设空处应该使用过去分词，与空前的have构成现在完成时。表示“更新”用update。故选E。
14．考查名词。句意：她的团队的方案设想了一种由两个标准组件组成的排屋类型，一个基础单元和一个阁楼，用“连接器”部件连接起来，考虑到随着时间的推移，随着家庭环境的变化，多种配置。分析句子，设空处使用名词作主语。此处表示“家庭环境”用family circumstance。故选D。
15．考查动词。句意：位于住宅之间的连接器将容纳楼梯和电梯，以及存储和共享工作空间。分析句子，设空处使用动词与空前的wuld构成谓语成分。表示“容纳”用accmmdate。故选I。
16．考查名词。句意：每个家庭都有自己的私人户外空间，而他们都将回到以传统的伦敦广场的方式布置的大花园。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语，in the manner表示“以……的方式”。故选B。
17．考查非谓语动词。句意：根据被动式住宅的标准建造，采用双墙木结构，住宅将通过2.7米高的天花板和2.5米高的门窗整合在一起，与大多数新建规范住宅相比，极大地增加了带入房间的日光量。分析句子，设空处应该使用过去分词与空前的will be构成将来时的被动语态。表示“整合”用integrate。故选G。
18．考查名词。句意：贝宁菲尔德曾在南非和美国学习和工作，她说，鉴于英国许多新房子的建筑质量令人震惊，现场施工至关重要。她担心，如果英国脱欧后，许多熟练劳动力被迫离开，这种情况只会变得更糟。分析句子，设空处应该使用名词作主语，表示“劳动力”用labr。故选A。
19．考查形容词。句意：“2030之家”获奖队伍的雄心令人钦佩，这在“蓝天创意大赛”中屡见不变。分析句子，设空处应该使用形容词作表语。表示“令人钦佩的”用admirable。故选H。
20．考查形容词。句意：为此，我们必须在2023年关注桑德兰，并希望其他理事会、社区和小规模建筑商的监督联盟有想象力跟随他们的脚步。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作定语，表示“监督的”用verseeing。故选J。
21．C 22．B 23．A 24．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Derek和Shirley到达旅游目的地，从机场大楼出来后乘坐的出租车是机器人司机，通过描述他们之间的对话，文章介绍了机器人司机的一些优点。
21．推理判断题。根据第二段的“Excuse me, er, yur face seems very familiar-in fact, yu remind us f that famus film star, Rcky Overtn... but f curse, yu can’t be.(对不起，呃，你的脸看起来很面熟——事实上，你让我们想起了那个著名的电影明星Rcky Overtn……当然，你不可能是。)”可知，Derek和Shirley钻进出租车时感到困惑是因为司机看起来像一个著名的演员。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据第四段的“I’m equipped with perfect visin and superir reactins(我拥有完美的视力和超强的反应能力)”可知，出租车司机“Rcky”有完美的视力和卓越的反应。故选B。
23．词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段的“Derek and Shirley held each ther’s hands mre tightly.(Derek和Shirley更紧紧地握着对方的手。)”和“there is nthing fr yu t wrry abut(没有什么值得你们担心的)”可知，机器人司机在安慰他们，reassure的意思是“安慰”，和cmfrt意思相近，故选A。
24．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Nthing culd pssibly g wrng… culd pssibly g wrng… g wrng… g wrng…(不可能出错……不可能出错……不可能出错……不可能出错……)”可知，机器人司机程序出错了，因此我们可以推断出机器人司机并没有想象中那么可靠。故选C。
25．C 26．A 27．B 28．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述人工智能越来越聪明，人们担心它会超越人类。
25．细节理解题。根据第一段“It’s Siri, and she’s ready t fllw yur vice cmmands t search the Internet, text smene, r play a sng.(这就是Siri，她可以按照你的语音指令搜索互联网，给某人发短信，或者播放一首歌)”可知，Siri可以听从声音指令。故选C。
26．推理判断题。第二段中“Hwever, AI prgrams like Siri are getting smarter and smarter every year.(然而，像Siri这样的人工智能程序每年都变得越来越聪明)”是主题句，提到人工智能越来越聪明，下文“In 2011, an AI named Watsn defeated tw human champins n the quiz shw Jepardy!(2011年，一个名叫Watsn的人工智能在智力竞赛节目《危险边缘》中击败了两位人类冠军)”提及Watsn的例子是为了论证上述观点。故选A。
27．词义猜测题。根据第三段划线词下文“Once this happens, cmputers will think, plan, and act at a level that human beings can’t understand.(一旦发生这种情况，计算机将以人类无法理解的水平思考、计划和行动)”可知，划线词所在句意为“总有一天，人工智能很可能会超越人类智能”，surpass意为“超越”。故选B。
28．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“He’s nt the nly ne wrrying.(他不是唯一一个担心的人)”可知，Nick Bstrm对超级人工智能持谨慎态度。故选C。
29．C 30．D 31．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要回顾了2022年世界机器人大会的有代表性的机器人展品：采摘机器人，核算机器人和摩天轮停车位。
29．推理判断题。根据文章首段内容“Are yu interested in rbt-science? What d yu think rbts are capable f? Let’s have a review f wrld-leading technlgy gathered at the Wrld Rbt Cnference (WRC) 2022.(你对机器人科学感兴趣吗?你认为机器人能做什么?让我们来回顾一下在2022年世界机器人大会上聚集的世界领先技术。)”可知，文章主要回顾了2022年世界机器人大会的有代表性的机器人展品，属于科技范畴。由此可推知，文章来自科学杂志。故选C项。
30．推理判断题。根据文章“Inventins f the yuth”部分内容“Since there are usually t few parking spaces in lder residential areas, Wang’s wrk aims t fit mre cars int current parking spts. The facility wrks like a sky wheel with six parking spts. When cars need t be picked up, the facility rtates steadily, placing the car n the grund.(由于老旧住宅区的停车位通常太少，王的工作旨在将更多的汽车安置在现有的停车位上。该设施就像一个空中摩天轮，有六个停车位。当需要取车时，该设备会稳定旋转，将汽车放置在地面上。)”可知，老旧城区的停车位太少，而这个像摩天轮一样的停车设施有六个停车位，可以要将六辆车安置在一个“停车位”上，以最大利用有限的空间。故选D项。
31．推理判断题。根据文章“Technlgy in agriculture”部分内容“With the help f varius sensrs and an AI system, the rbt can cllect fruit accrding t its ripeness, quality and size.(在各种传感器和人工智能系统的帮助下，机器人可以根据水果的成熟度、质量和大小来收集水果)”可知，采摘机器人可以在传感器和人工智能的帮助下独立采摘水果，不需要人力采摘。文章“Rbts fighting Cvid-19”部分内容“The whle prcess will nt require the invlvement f humans r labratries.(整个过程不需要人类或实验室的参与)”可知，核酸机器人的使用过程中不需要人类或实验室的参与。因此可推知，这两种机器人的使用都可以节省人力。故选A项。
32．D 33．A 34．B 35．A 36．C 37．D 38．B 39．C 40．A 41．C 42．D 43．B 44．B 45．A 46．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在发展人工智能中可能会出现的各种偏见。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着人工智能的成熟，人们越来越远离对系统的独特编程和监控，未知的偏见可能会让决策持续很长时间，对个人和社会造成意想不到的伤害。A. theretical理论上的；B. psychlgical心理的；C. disprprtinate不成比例的；D. unintended非计划的。根据前文“ unidentified bias might make decisins cntinue fr a lng time”可推断未知的偏见可能引起意想不到的伤害。故选D项。
33．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这种偏见可能来自输入数据，甚至是算法本身。A. arise frm产生于；B. cntribute t贡献；C. take ver接管；D. make up和解。根据前文“ unidentified bias might make decisins cntinue fr a lng time”以及后文“input data r even the algrithms (算法) themselves.”可知，上文提到未知的偏见，本句应该是讨论偏见可能产生的原因。故选A项。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通常情况下，数据集是不完整的，数据集中所代表的样本与人工智能模型所预测的人群不匹配——这被称为覆盖偏见。A. inspire激励；B. match相配；C. prtect保护；D. restrict妨碍。根据后文“this is knwn as cverage bias”可知是有偏差的，可推断数据是不匹配的才产生偏差。故选B项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：与输入数据相关的其他一些类型的偏见包括抽样偏见，其中数据不是随机从目标群体收集的，以及参与偏见，其中某些群体的用户退出调查的比例不同于其他群体的用户。A. quit退出；B. administer管理；C. cmpare比较；D. analyze分析。根据后文“at different rates than users frm ther grups”可知和其他组的比率不同，可推知有人退出了调查，导致比率不同。故选A项。
36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，另一个更具挑战性的偏见是确认偏见，它发生在决策者或分析师有一个强大的原始信念或经验，影响他们考虑替代方案的能力。A. distinct不同的；B. predictable可预测的；C. riginal原来的；D. widespread普遍的。根据后文“This culd lead ne t mre strngly 6 data that cnfirms a preexisting belief.”可知这可能会导致一个已经存在的信念，可推知本句应该是有强大的原始信念。故选C项。
37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这可能会导致一个人更倾向于确认一个已经存在的信念的数据。A. restre修复；B. imply意味着；C. miss错过；D. favr喜爱。根据前文“Still, anther mre challenging bias t identify is cnfirmatin bias that ccurs when a decisin maker r analyst has a strng 5 belief r experience that affects their ability t cnsider alternatives.” 可知决策者或分析师一个强大的原始信念，会使他们倾向于最喜爱的数据。故选D项。
38．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人工智能算法本身产生的偏见，或算法偏见，同样危险。A. embarrassing令人尴尬的；B. dangerus危险的；C. relevant相关的；D. ridiculus荒唐的。根据前文“unidentified bias (偏见) might make decisins cntinue fr a lng time that cause 1 harm fr individuals and sciety”可知，偏见会引起伤害，这是危险的。故选B项。
39．考查副词词义辨析。句意：算法偏见的一个例子是内隐偏见或无意识偏见，数据科学家根据影响数据建模决策的心理模型和记忆无意识地做出关联或假设。A. intentinally有意地；B. temprarily暂时；C. autmatically无意识地；D. apprpriately适当地。根据前文“One example f algrithmic bias is implicit bias r uncnscius bias”可知后文是在解释uncnscius bias，所以应该是科学家无意识地关联和假设。故选C项。
40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：内隐偏见会影响数据收集和分类的方式，也会影响系统的设计和开发。A. influence影响；B. help帮助；C. attract吸引；D. predict预测。根据后文“As machines learn, their cnclusins and decisins affect peple.”可知算法本身的偏见是会产生影响的。故选A项。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有道德的人工智能必须了解这些影响，并创建治理和测试方法，以解决错误和不准确性。A. admit承认；B. define定义；C. address设法解决；D. publicize宣传。根据前文“Ethical AI must understand these impacts and create gvernance and testing methds”可根据句意推知，应是找到方法解决错误。故选C项。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了创造合乎道德的人工智能，公司需要把个人的需求放在数据创新的中心。A. belngings财物；B. expressins表情；C. characteristics特征；D. needs需要。根据后文“This means thinking abut 12 rights as human rights and develping a cmprehensive apprach t data, including hw we use AI.”可知需要考虑到我们怎么使用AI，所以应该把个人需要放在数据创新的中心。故选D项。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这意味着要将数字权利视为人权，并开发一种全面的数据方法，包括我们如何使用人工智能。A. civil公民的；B. digital数字的；C. legal合法的；D. natural自然的。根据前文“T create ethical AI”可知，此处讲的是AI，所以应该是将数字权利视为人权。故选B项。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为AI提供负责任的数据实践意味着拥有良好的AI治理。A. frequent频繁的；B. respnsible负责的；C. peculiar特有的；D. graceful优雅的。根据后文“Gd AI gvernance includes data respnsibility as well as a cmmitment t transparency”可知良好的人工智能治理包括数据责任，所以应该是负责任的数据。故选B项。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种治理不仅关注数据和分析，还了解任何给定分析的影响，并确保其公平和准确。A. fair公平的；B. quick快的；C. appealing吸引人的；D. adequate充足的。根据后文“Gd AI gvernance includes data respnsibility as well as a cmmitment t transparency”可知良好的人工智能治理包括对透明度的承诺，所以应该是公平的。故选A项。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在偏见成为破坏性力量之前，通过团结起来，现在就着手解决这个问题，企业可以帮助发掘出人工智能为世界提供的最好的东西。A. leading主要的；B. innvative革新的；C. cultural文化的；D. destructive破坏(或毁灭)性的。根据前文“unidentified bias (偏见) might make decisins cntinue fr a lng time that cause 1 harm fr individuals and sciety”可知偏见对人和社会都有害，所以是成为破坏性的力量。故选D项。
47．C 48．F 49．E 50．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章探讨了机器和人工智能将如何影响未来的工作。
47．上文“The Rand Crpratin recently issued its wn reprt n the future effects f autmatin and AI n jbs and the wrkplace. Osnde Osba was a c-authr f the reprt.(Rand公司最近就自动化和人工智能对就业和工作场所的未来影响发布了自己的报告。Osnde Osba是该报告的合著者之一)”提到关于自动化和人工智能对就业和工作场所的未来影响的报告，以及该报告的作者之一Osnde Osba，分析选项，C项“他指出，对机器夺走人类工作的担忧可以追溯到几个世纪以前”简单介绍了该作者在报告中的观点，C项中He指代上文的Osnde Osba。故选C项。
48．上文“The Queen explained that the device wuld lead t majr jb lsses, frcing affected wrkers t becme ‘beggars.’(女王解释说，这种设备会导致大量失业，迫使受影响的工人成为‘乞丐’)”以英国女王的事例说明自动化会造成一些人失业，F项“Osba也认为人工智能和自动化将会对工作岗位造成重大破坏，尤其是对低技能工人”符合语境，故选F项。
49．根据下文“It says this grwth, alng with ther ecnmic influences, culd help ffset(弥补) the displacement f millins f wrkers.(报告说，这种增长以及其他经济影响可以帮助抵消数百万工人失业的影响)”可知，空处应是提及关于“this grwth”的具体内容，E项“该研究称，自动化还将提高生产率和经济增长”符合语境，下文“this grwth”指代E项中的“prductivity and ecnmic grwth”。故选E项。
50．下文“These include jbs depending n human mtr skills, psitins requiring creative thinking and actins, and jbs dealing with intense scial interactin.(这些工作包括依赖人类运动技能的工作，需要创造性思维和行动的工作，以及需要激烈社会互动的工作)”介绍了难以被机器取代的工作类型，B 项“McKinsey确定了三种工作类型，它们将很难被机器取代”符合语境。故选B项。
51．Jb interviews are rarely fun, especially fr yung peple, wh face an intimidating challenge tday. AVIs are cmmnly used by large emplyers. But the emplyees dn't feel cmfrtable and have never received detailed feedback after rejectins. Emplyers shuld pay mre attentin t emplyees’ feeling, because an interview is a chance fr bth sides t learn abut each ther.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。人工智能使得面试过程变得更糟心，求职者面对镜头时会表现得不自然，而且得不到有效反馈，雇主应该更多的考虑求职者的感受，毕竟面试是双方互相了解的过程。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①Jb interviews are rarely fun, especially when yu yung.
②Yung peple tday face a different but n less intimidating challenge.
③Large emplyers are using these "asynchrnus(非共时的)vide interviews(AVIs)t cut dwn jb applicants t a smaller number they can meet in persn.
④AVIs are increasingly cmmn.
⑤But emplyers need t pay mre attentin t hw the prcess affects prspective emplyees.
⑥“It des feel rbtic,” he says. In mst cases, he wasn't able t review the vides and wasn't tld if a human r a machine wuld judge him. He has never received detailed feedback after a rejectin.
⑦After all, an interview is a cmpany's first real interactin with prspective emplyees, sme f whm it will want t hire. It shuld be a chance fr bth sides t learn abut each ther.
2.缜密构思
将第1、2两个要点进行整合，将第3、4两个要点进行整合，将第6要点内容转化后再与第5、7两个要点重组。
3.遣词造句
Jb interviews are rarely fun, especially fr yung peple, wh face an intimidating challenge tday.
AVIs are cmmnly used by large emplyers.
The emplyees dn't feel cmfrtable and have never received detailed feedback after rejectins.
Emplyers shuld pay mre attentin t emplyees’ feeling, because an interview is a chance fr bth sides t learn abut each ther.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Jb interviews are rarely fun, especially fr yung peple, wh face an intimidating challenge tday.（运用了wh引导的非限制性定语从句，对原文第一二自然段进行了概括）
[高分句型2]Emplyers shuld pay mre attentin t emplyees’ feeling, because an interview is a chance fr bth sides t learn abut each ther.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句，对原文第五六七自然段进行了概括总结）
52．The thief must have gt ut thrugh the windw late at night.
【详解】考查情态动词以及固定短语。此处主语为the thief；表示“一定做某事”应用must have dne；表述对过去事实肯定的推测。表示“从窗户逃出去”翻译为get ut thrugh the windw；表示“深夜时”短语为late at night。故翻译为The thief must have gt ut thrugh the windw late at night.
53．S naughty is the child that he ften upsets his parents wh are busy with their wrk.
【详解】考查状语从句和倒装句。根据句意可知，整句应该使用一般现在时态，表示“这个小孩太调皮”应译为the child is s naughty；“使得心烦意乱”的表达为upset，所以“使得他父母心烦意乱”应译为upset his parents；句中的“忙于”可翻译为be busy with sth.或be busy ding的短语，分析句子结构可知，“忙于工作的”为定语从句修饰his parents，关系代词在句子中作主语，所以翻译为wh are busy with their wrk.；由于S大写，一定要把它的整体S naughty放于句首，且句子要倒装，即将系动词is置于主语the child之前。故翻译为S naughty is the child that he ften upsets his parents wh are busy with their wrk.
54．Students shuld be encuraged t apply what they have learned in class t practice.
【详解】考查固定短语和宾语从句。主语为复数名词students；表示“应该鼓励”为shuld be encuraged t；表示“用于”应用动词apply，后跟what引导的宾语从句；表示“将课堂上所学的知识用于实践中去”翻译为they have learned in class t practice，为现在完成时。故翻译为Students shuld be encuraged t apply what they have learned in class t practice.
55．I felt that the bld in my bdy cled because f the terrible sight.
【详解】考查动词时态、宾语从句、介词短语和名词。表示“感觉”应用动词feel，作主句谓语，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时；宾语从句结构齐全应用引导词that，表示“凝固”应用动词cl，作宾语从句谓语动词，主句为过去时，所以从句谓语动词也应用一般过去时，表示“由于；看到”应用介词短语because f；表示“可怕的景象”应用名词短语the terrible sight，作because f的宾语；介词短语because f the terrible sight作原因状语。故翻译为I felt that the bld in my bdy cled because f the terrible sight.
56．The advantages and disadvantages f nline educatin
Since the utbreak f COVID-19, many schls have adpted nline teaching methds. Hwever, the attitudes twards it vary frm persn t persn.
On the ne hand, nline educatin prvides us with a gd surce f infrmatin. It als enables students t study at their wn pace, which helps them save time and have a better understanding f what they learn.
On the ther hand, high schl students may lack the self-discipline t keep up with the wrklad in nline classes. Besides, with t much time spent nline, their eyesight may be damaged. What’s wrse, it’s hard fr them t slve prblems in their studies fr lack f face-t-face cmmunicatin with teachers.
Persnally, nline educatin is very imprtant, especially at present, but we must use it wisely.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于议论文。要求考生写一篇短文向校英语报投稿，谈谈在线教育的利弊以及自己的看法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
提供：prvide→ffer
损害：damage→ harm
更糟糕的是：what’s wrse→wrse still
个人而言：persnally→ as far as I’m cnerned
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, with t much time spent nline, their eyesight may be damaged.
拓展句：Besides, as t much time is spent nline, their eyesight may be damaged.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It als enables students t study at their wn pace, which helps them save time and have a better understanding f what they learn.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Besides, with t much time spent nline, their eyesight may be damaged.（运用了with的复合结构）
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
A SPECTRE is haunting wrkers—the rise f artificial intelligence (AI)
The fear is that smart cmputer prgrams will eliminate millins f jbs, cndemning a generatin t minimum-wage drudgery r ___1___ (enfrce) idleness. Never mind the rbts, fear the sftware. There is n need t be s glmy, say Ken Gldberg f the University f Califrnia, Berkeley, and Vind Kumar, the chief executive f Tata Cmmunicatins, a unit f India’s biggest business huse (which stands ___2___ (prfit) frm the spread f AI). They have prduced a reprt that is much mre ptimistic abut the utlk fr rdinary emplyees. In many cases, it says, jb satisfactin will be enhanced by the eliminatin f mundane tasks, giving peple time t be ___3___ (creative). Their views are backed up by a survey f 120 senir executives, cnducted fr the reprt, which fund that mre f them (77%) thught that AI wuld create new rles than believed ___4___ wuld replace existing psitins (57%; respndents culd chse bth ptins). Extra skills ___5___ be needed t cpe with the new technlgy and mre than half f the bsses are already taking steps t train their wrkfrces. N previus technlgy shifts ___6___ (have) as negative effects n emplyment as was first feared. The authrs nte sme well-knwn examples. Bar-cde scanners did nt eliminate the rle f cashiers in America; jbs in the retail industry grew at an annual rate f mre than 2% between 1980 and 2013. The arrival f autmated teller machines (ATMS) spared bank emplyees the jb f delivering cash and freed them t ffer financial advice ___7___ custmers. Sme jbs culd be made a lt easier by AI. One example is lrry-driving. Such is the fear ___8___truck drivers will be replaced by autnmus vehicles. But maneuvering a lrry arund busy streets is far harder than driving dwn the mtrway. S the driver culd switch int autmatic mde (and get sme rest) when utside the big cities, and take ver the wheel nce again when ___9___ (near) the destinatin. The bvius analgy (类比) is with jetliners, ____10____ the pilts handle take-ff and landing but turn n the cmputer t cruise at 35,000 feet. Using AI may prevent tired drivers frm causing accidents.
二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文
Directin: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the wrds in the bx. Each wrd can nly be used nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
The huse f the future? A sun-filled, shape-shifting, shed-share paradise
What will hmes be like 10 years frm nw? Judging by the winners f the Hme f 2030 cmpetitin, sharing will be key.
Shared hme-wrking spaces, cmmunal garden sheds and huses built using apps—these are just sme f the ideas in the winning prpsals fr the gvernment’s Hme f 2030 cmpetitin t develp prttype “hmes fit fr the future”,____11____the “best f British design”. The aim was t imagine what the best age-adaptable, energy-efficient, healthy hmes might lk like in 10 years’ time; but, accrding t the winning architects, mst f the best ideas have been arund fr generatins.
“Yu can’t get much mre ____12____and adaptable than the Gergian twnhuse,” says Jennifer Beningfield f Openstudi, leader f ne f the tw winning teams annunced tday. “We’ve taken this very simple mdel and ____13____it fr the 21st century. Our idea was t create infinite chice and variatin frm smething very simple.”
Her team’s scheme imagines a terraced (排房的) husing type made frm tw standard cmpnents, a base unit and a lft, jined with “cnnectr” pieces, taking int accunt multiple cnfiguratins (布局) ver time as family ____14____change. Standing between the hmes, the cnnectrs wuld ____15____stairs and a lift, as well as strage and shared wrkspace. One f the mst imprtant aspects since the pandemic, says Beningfield, is prviding “space t wrk frm hme, withut having yur laptp n the kitchen table”. Each hme wuld have its wn private utdr space, while they wuld all back n t large cmmunal gardens, arranged in the ____16____f a traditinal Lndn square.
Built ff-site t demanding Passivhaus standards, with a twin wall timber frame, the hmes wuld be ____17____by generus 2.7m high ceilings and tall 2.5m windws and drs, massively increasing the amunt f daylight brught int the rms, cmpared with mst new-build spec husing. Beningfield, wh studied and wrked in Suth Africa and the US, says that ff-site cnstructin is crucial, given the shcking build quality f s many new hmes in the UK – which she fears will nly get wrse after Brexit, if much f the skilled ____18____is frced t leave.
As is s ften the case with blue-sky (纯理论的) ideas cmpetitins, the ambitins f the Hme f 2030 winning teams are ____19____– and, in this case, cmpletely buildable – but there is little evidence t suggest that either the gvernment r the vlume husebuilding sectr has any intentin f putting them int practice. Fr that, we must lk t Sunderland in 2023, and hpe that a(n)____20____unin f ther cuncils, cmmunities and smaller-scale builders have the imaginatin t fllw their lead.
三、阅读理解
A
Derek and Shirley walked ut f the airprt building and int the bright sunshine. Lking up at the brilliant blue sky and then at the faraway muntains rising abve the swaying palm trees, they culdn’t wait t start their hliday.
A taxi pulled up swiftly and silently. Derek drpped their suitcases int the bt and jined Shirley in the back seat. “Palm Trees Htel, please,” Derek said excitedly. “Certainly, sir,” replied the driver, as he turned arund with a flashing white smile. Derek and Shirley gave each ther a puzzled lk as the taxi eased smthly int the traffic. “Excuse me, er, yur face seems very familiar-in fact, yu remind us f that famus film star, Rcky Overtn... but f curse, yu can’t be.”
Derek and Shirley sat in silent disbelief as the driver explained that he was nt a real persn, but a rbt made t lk like a famus actr. "Rcky” explained that the taxi cmpany had purchased the latest mdel f rbt drivers since they were prgrammed t be safer and mre reliable than human drivers. “S, here I am,” “Rcky” cntinued, “yur first rbt taxi driver!”
Derek and Shirley held each ther’s hands mre tightly. “Relax,” “Rcky” reassured them, “there is nthing fr yu t wrry abut. I can assure yu that my driving skills are excellent. I’m equipped with perfect visin and superir reactins, and I knw every street in the city. I am instantly updated with the latest traffic infrmatin s that I can avid traffic jams and get yu t yur destinatin in the quickest and least stressful manner. Please sit back, relax and enjy the jurney.”
Derek and Shirley, feeling a little better, leaned back in their seats and clsed their eyes. “And anther thing,” “Rcky” added, “my line f rbts represents the ultimate in cmputer technlgy. I am beautifully designed, made frm nly the best materials and subject t the strictest quality checks. Therefre, yu are entirely safe with me. Nthing culd pssibly g wrng… culd pssibly g wrng… g wrng… g wrng…”
21．Why did Derek and Shirley feel puzzled when they gt int the taxi?
A．Because the driver gave them a big smile.
B．Because the driver was Rcky Overtn.
C．Because the driver lked like a famus actr.
D．Because the driver was a rbt.
22．What d we knw abut the taxi driver “Rcky”?
A．It is the first rbt taxi driver in the wrld.
B．It has the perfect visin and superir reactins.
C．It has never get stuck in traffic jams.
D．It is instantly updated with the latest news.
23．What des the underlined wrd “reassured” in paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A．Cmfrted.B．Threatened.C．Surprised.D．Persuaded.
24．What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A．Rbt drivers are perfectly designed.
B．Rbt drivers can nt repeat the wrds.
C．Rbt drivers are nt s reliable as expected.
D．Rbt drivers are much safer than human drivers.
B
“WHAT CAN I HELP YOU WITH?” says a vice frm an iPhne. It’s Siri, and she’s ready t fllw yur vice cmmands t search the Internet, text smene, r play a sng. Siri is an example f artificial intelligence(AI), r a cmputer prgram that can think. The way Siri thinks is very different frm hw a persn thinks. She desn’t have a brain. Instead, she relies n cde in a cmputer prgram t understand speech and answer questins. And sme questins are still t difficult fr her t answer.
Hwever, AI prgrams like Siri are getting smarter and smarter every year. In 2011, an AI named Watsn defeated tw human champins n the quiz shw Jepardy! Cmputer prgrams can als drive cars, perfrm science experiments, and prduce their wn artwrk.
Smeday, artificial intelligence will mst likely surpass human intelligence. Once this happens, cmputers will think, plan, and act at a level that human beings can’t understand. In his bk Superintelligence, Nick Bstrm writes, “As the fate f the grillas nw depends mre n us humans than n the grillas themselves, s the fate f ur species wuld depend n the actins f the machine superintelligence.”
If a superintelligence wanted t rule the wrld, Bstrm argues, it wuld easily d s. It culd als wipe ut all humans. Or just ignre us. Whatever it did, we likely wuldn’t have much cntrl. He’s nt the nly ne wrrying. In 2015, a grup f great scientists, including Stephen Hawking, wrte an pen letter that asks anyne researching AI t prceed carefully. AI has the ptential t benefit sciety greatly, but “ur AI systems must d what we want them t d.” they write. What d yu think? If peple create a super intelligent AI, will we be able t cntrl it?
What will happen t us if a super intelligent AI starts making decisins n its wn?
25．What can Siri d nw accrding t the passage?
A．She can think like a human.B．She can answer all kinds f questins.
C．She can fllw yur vice cmmands.D．She can make decisins n her wn.
26．What des the writer want t shw by mentining AI Watsn?
A．AI is getting increasingly smart.B．Cmputer science is develping fast.
C．AI perfrms best in the quiz shw Jepardy.D．Cmputer prgrams can d a variety f jbs.
27．What des the underlined wrd “surpass” mean in paragraph 3?
A．Be similar t.B．D better than.C．Cmpete against.D．Be junir t.
28．What is Nick Bstrm’s attitude twards superintelligence?
A．Supprtive.B．Dubtful.C．Cautius.D．Objective.
C
Are yu interested in rbt-science? What d yu think rbts are capable f? Let’s have a review f wrld-leading technlgy gathered at the Wrld Rbt Cnference (WRC) 2022.
Technlgy in agriculture
A fruit-picking rbt attracted visitrs’ attentin. With the help f varius sensrs and an AI system, the rbt can cllect fruit accrding t its ripeness, quality and size. The rbt first lcates the fruit and then uses sensrs t decide whether it is ripe, with a rbtic arm picking the fruit gently. The fruit is then categrized, ending up in a basket accrding t its size. It is said that mre rbtic technlgy will be used in agriculture in the future, including rbts fr daily inspectin and weeding.
Rbts fighting Cvid-19
Medical staff cnducting nucleic acid tests ften find their wrk tilsme, especially under the summer heat. A nucleic acid test rbt develped by Tsinghua University and a Chinese bitech cmpany was presented at the WRC．It lks like a vending machine, but the rbt can cllect thrat swabs (拭子), prcess samples, as well as prduce and uplad the results within 45 minutes. The whle prcess will nt require the invlvement f humans r labratries.
Inventins f the yuth
Thse visiting the exhibit als witnessed the intelligence f a new generatin. Wang Zirun, a junir student at the schl, designed a three-dimensinal parking facility mdel. Since there are usually t few parking spaces in lder residential areas, Wang’s wrk aims t fit mre cars int current parking spts. The facility wrks like a sky wheel with six parking spts. When cars need t be picked up, the facility rtates steadily, placing the car n the grund.
29．Where is the text prbably taken frm?
A．A travel brchure.
B．A technlgy textbk.
C．A science magazine.
D．A prduct advertisement.
30．Why is the parking facility designed like a sky wheel?
A．T save building materials.
B．T prevent cars frm being stlen.
C．T increase grund parking spaces.
D．T make the mst f limited space.
31．What can we infer frm the text?
A．Bth the fruit-picking rbt and the nucleic acid test rbt can save manpwer.
B．The WRC is intended t inspire the intelligence f a yung generatin.
C．All the inventins mentined have been put int practical use.
D．Human can be replaced by the rbt in the future.
四、完形填空
Artificial intelligence (AI) has amazing ptential t change the wrld, and we’ve nly just begun t scratch the surface. As AI matures and peple mve further away frm distinct prgramming and mnitring f systems, unidentified bias (偏见) might make decisins cntinue fr a lng time that cause ___32___ harm fr individuals and sciety. This bias might ___33___ input data r even the algrithms (算法) themselves.
All t ften, data sets are incmplete and the sample represented in the data set des nt ___34___ the ppulatin that the AI mdel is making predictins abut — this is knwn as cverage bias. Sme ther types f bias related t input data include sampling bias, where data is nt cllected randmly frm the target grup, and participatin bias, where users frm certain grups ___35___ surveys at different rates than users frm ther grups. Still, anther mre challenging bias t identify is cnfirmatin bias that ccurs when a decisin maker r analyst has a strng ___36___ belief r experience that affects their ability t cnsider alternatives. This culd lead ne t mre strngly ___37___ data that cnfirms a preexisting belief.
Bias resulting frm AI algrithms themselves, r algrithmic bias, is equally ___38___. One example f algrithmic bias is implicit bias r uncnscius bias, where data scientists ___39___ make assciatins r assumptins based n their mental mdels and memries that affect data mdeling decisins. Implicit bias can ___40___ hw data is cllected and classified, r hw systems are designed and develped. As machines learn, their cnclusins and decisins affect peple. Ethical (道德的) AI must understand these impacts and create gvernance and testing methds t ____41____ mistakes and inaccuracies.
T create ethical AI, cmpanies need t put the ____42____ f the individual at the center f data innvatin. This means thinking abut ____43____ rights as human rights and develping a cmprehensive apprach t data, including hw we use AI.
Having ____44____ data practices fr AI means having gd AI gvernance. This gvernance nt nly fcuses n data and analytics but als understands the impacts f any given analysis and makes sure it’s ____45____ and accurate. Gd AI gvernance includes data respnsibility as well as a cmmitment t transparency (透明性).
Nne f this will be easy, but true innvatin never is. By cming tgether and wrking n the prblem f bias nw, befre it becmes a(n) ____46____ frce, businesses can help bring ut the best AI has t ffer the wrld.
32．A．thereticalB．psychlgicalC．disprprtinateD．unintended
33．A．arise frmB．cntribute tC．take verD．make up
34．A．inspireB．matchC．prtectD．restrict
35．A．quitB．administerC．cmpareD．analyze
36．A．distinctB．predictableC．riginalD．widespread
37．A．restreB．implyC．missD．favr
38．A．embarrassingB．dangerusC．relevantD．ridiculus
39．A．intentinallyB．temprarilyC．autmaticallyD．apprpriately
40．A．influenceB．helpC．attractD．predict
41．A．admitB．defineC．addressD．publicize
42．A．belngingsB．expressinsC．characteristicsD．needs
43．A．civilB．digitalC．legalD．natural
44．A．frequentB．respnsibleC．peculiarD．graceful
45．A．fairB．quickC．appealingD．adequate
46．A．leadingB．innvativeC．culturalD．destructive
五、六选四
Hw Will Machines and AI Change the Future f Wrk?
Several recent studies have examined hw machine autmatin and artificial intelligence (AI) will change the future f wrk.
The Rand Crpratin recently issued its wn reprt n the future effects f autmatin and AI n jbs and the wrkplace. Osnde Osba was a c-authr f the reprt. ____47____
In 16th century England, Queen Elizabeth famusly refused an inventr’s request fr a patent fr a device t make material fr clthing. The Queen explained that the device wuld lead t majr jb lsses, frcing affected wrkers t becme “beggars”.
____48____ But he believes the future prblems have been verestimated withut histrical evidence t back up the predictins.
The McKinsey Glbal Institute has als studied the issue. Its research suggests that up t ne-third f wrk activities acrss 46 natins culd be displaced by 2030. ____49____ It says this grwth, alng with ther ecnmic influences, culd help ffset (弥补) the displacement f millins f wrkers. “All wrkers will need t adapt, as their ccupatins evlve alngside increasingly capable machines,” the reprt said. This will require nging retraining f wrkers. In additin, emplyees will be spending mre time n activities difficult t autmate.
____50____ These include jbs depending n human mtr skills, psitins requiring creative thinking and actins, and jbs dealing with intense scial interactin.
Rand Crpratin’s Osnde Osba agrees with McKinsey. He als thinks that it will be very difficult fr cmpanies t cmpletely autmate mst jbs, because they require a wrker t perfrm many different duties and t react t unexpected situatins.
A．Osba says this can be prblematic fr machines, which d nt understand cultural nrms in the ppulatin.
B．McKinsey identifies three jb types that will be very difficult t replace with a machine.
C．He nted that fears ver machines taking jbs frm humans ges back centuries.
D．The study als predicts rising demand fr educatrs, and “creatives”, a grup f wrkers including artists, perfrmers and entertainers.
E．The study says autmatin will als raise prductivity and ecnmic grwth.
F．Osba agrees there will be majr jb destructin due t AI and autmatin, especially fr lwer skilled wrkers.
六、概要写作
51．Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s)f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
AI is making applying fr Jbs even mre miserable
Jb interviews are rarely fun, especially when yu yung. I will never frget the pening questin in my first interview fr the Financial Times graduate trainee scheme: “S, apart frm the week befre yur interview, d yu ever actually read the FT?”
Yung peple tday face a different but n less intimidating challenge. They find themselves smiling anxiusly int their laptp webcams(摄像头), answering questin as a time ticks dwn with n human t interact with at all
Large emplyers are using these “asynchrnus(非共时的)vide interviews”(AVIs)t cut dwn jb applicants t a smaller number they can meet in persn. Platfrms such as Hire Vue and Mdern Hire recrd applicants answering pre-determined questins, usually with a time limit fr each answer. In sme cases, the recrdings will be watched by the emplyer's hiring managers. In thers, the platfrm's algrithms(算法)will assess the candidate based n what they said r even their facial expressins.
AVIs are increasingly cmmn. These interviews can be dne cheaply and at scale: ne grcery chain in the US was gathering as many as 15,000 per day during the pandemic, accrding t Hire Vue. The platfrms say the prcess is fairer and less biased than human recruiters, leading t better and mre diverse candidates making the cut.
But emplyers need t pay mre attentin t hw the prcess affects prspective emplyees. Researchers at the University f Sussex Business Schl, in assciatin with the Institute fr Emplyment Studies, have warned that yung jb-seekers feel cnfused, de-humanised and exhausted by autmated recruitment systems.
Jimeet Rmen Shah, wh is in his final year at the University f Sussex, has dne seven r s AVIs in the past tw years. He tries t “make eye cntact” with the camera but finds it hard nt t watch his wn face n the screen. He wrries that if he glances dwn r up it will lk like he is reading ntes. “It des feel rbtic,” he says. In mst cases, he wasn't able t review the vides and wasn't tld if a human r a machine wuld judge him. He has never received detailed feedback after a rejectin.
After all, an interview is a cmpany's first real interactin with prspective emplyees, sme f whm it will want t hire. It shuld be a chance fr bth sides t learn abut each ther.
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七、汉译英（整句）
52．窃贼一定是深夜时从窗户逃出去的。(must)
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53．这小孩太调皮，使得他那忙于工作的父母常常心烦意乱。(S …)
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54．应该鼓励学生将课堂上所学的知识用于实践中去。
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55．看到这可怕的景象，我感觉我的血液都凝固起来。
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八、写作
56．自新冠疫情(COVID-19)暴发以来，很多学校都采取了线上教学方式。假定你校英语报正在征集关于在线教育的稿件，请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1.在线教育的利与弊；
2.你的看法。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.题目已为你写好
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A．labur B．manner C．highlighting D．circumstances E. updated
F. characterised G. integrated H. admirable I. accmmdate J. verseeing
K. flexible
参考答案
1．enfrced 2．t prfit 3．mre creative 4．it 5．may 6．have had 7．t 8．that 9．nearing 10．where
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了让工人们担忧、可能会应用到各行各业让他们失业的人工智能。
1．考查过去分词。句意：人们担心，智能计算机程序将消除数百万个工作岗位，使一代人陷入最低工资的苦工或被迫无所事事的状态。分析句子可知，enfrce“强迫”在此处使用过去分词，表示其与后面的名词idleness构成被动关系。故填enfrced。
2．考查不定式。句意：加州大学伯克利分校的肯·戈德伯格和印度最大的商业公司塔塔通信（它将从人工智能的传播中获利）的首席执行官维诺德·库马尔表示，没必要如此悲观。stand t d将会做、可能做。故填t prfit。
3．考查形容词比较级。句意：报告说，在许多情况下，消除平凡的工作会提高工作满意度，让人们有时间更具创造力。分析句子可知，空格处表示人们创造力能够被提高，即更具创造力。故填mre creative。
4．考查代词。句意：他们的观点得到了为该报告进行的一项针对120名高管的调查的支持，该调查发现，他们中认为人工智能将创造新角色的人（77%）多于认为人工智能会取代现有职位的人（57%；受访者可以选择这两种选择）。分析句子可知，空格处应该填写代词it，指代前文提到的AI。故填it。
5．考查情态动词。句意：应对新技术可能需要额外的技能，超过一半的老板已经在采取措施培训员工。分析句子可知，，此处老板之所以采取措施培训员工，是因为他们推测新技术可能需要额外的技能，故使用情态动词may表示推测。故填may。
6．考查时态。句意：以前的技术变革没有像人们最初担心的那样对就业产生负面影响。分析句子可知，N previus technlgy shifts “以前的技术变革”指的是从过去到现在的变革对现在的影响，即使用现在完成时。故填have had。
7．考查介词。句意：自动柜员机的出现使银行员工不再需要交付现金，也让他们能够为客户提供财务建议。分析句子可知，此处需要填写介词t构成ffer sth t sb “给某人提供某物”。故填t。
8．考查同位语从句。句意：人们担心卡车司机会被自动驾驶汽车取代。分析句子可知，fear“担心”后为解释说明担心实际内容的同位语从句，从句成分完整，故使用连词that引导。故填that。
9．考查现在分词。句意：因此，司机可以在大城市外切换到自动模式（并得到一些休息），并在接近目的地时再次控制方向盘。分析句子可知，空格处动词near“靠近”填写nearin现在分词形式，因为when引导的从句中其逻辑主语the driver“司机”被省略，且与主语构成主动关系。故填nearing。
10．考查连词。句意：很明显的类比是喷气式飞机，飞行员处理起飞和降落，但却打开电脑在35000英尺的高度巡航。分析句子可知，空格处需要填写连接副词where引导非限定性定语从句，关系词指代先行词jetliners“喷气式飞机”并在从句中作地点状语，即在喷气式飞机上飞行员做这些事情。故填where。
11．C 12．K 13．E 14．D 15．I 16．B 17．G 18．A 19．H 20．J
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了未来的房子的模型，它可以是一个充满阳光、形状多变、共享棚屋的天堂。
11．考查非谓语动词。句意：共享的家庭工作空间、公共花园棚屋和使用应用程序建造的房屋——这些只是政府的2030年家园竞赛的获胜提案中的一些想法，该竞赛旨在开发“适合未来的家园”原型，突出了“英国最好的设计”。分析句子，设空处应该使用现在分词作伴随状语，表示“突显，显示”用highlight。故选C。
12．考查形容词。句意：“没有比格鲁吉亚风格的联排别墅更灵活、适应性更强的了。”分析句子，设空处应该使用形容词与后文的adaptable构成并列结构，此处表示“灵活的”用flexible。故选K
13．考查动词。句意：我们采用了这个非常简单的模型，并针对21世纪进行了更新。我们的想法是从非常简单的东西中创造出无限的选择和变化。分析句子，设空处应该使用过去分词，与空前的have构成现在完成时。表示“更新”用update。故选E。
14．考查名词。句意：她的团队的方案设想了一种由两个标准组件组成的排屋类型，一个基础单元和一个阁楼，用“连接器”部件连接起来，考虑到随着时间的推移，随着家庭环境的变化，多种配置。分析句子，设空处使用名词作主语。此处表示“家庭环境”用family circumstance。故选D。
15．考查动词。句意：位于住宅之间的连接器将容纳楼梯和电梯，以及存储和共享工作空间。分析句子，设空处使用动词与空前的wuld构成谓语成分。表示“容纳”用accmmdate。故选I。
16．考查名词。句意：每个家庭都有自己的私人户外空间，而他们都将回到以传统的伦敦广场的方式布置的大花园。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语，in the manner表示“以……的方式”。故选B。
17．考查非谓语动词。句意：根据被动式住宅的标准建造，采用双墙木结构，住宅将通过2.7米高的天花板和2.5米高的门窗整合在一起，与大多数新建规范住宅相比，极大地增加了带入房间的日光量。分析句子，设空处应该使用过去分词与空前的will be构成将来时的被动语态。表示“整合”用integrate。故选G。
18．考查名词。句意：贝宁菲尔德曾在南非和美国学习和工作，她说，鉴于英国许多新房子的建筑质量令人震惊，现场施工至关重要。她担心，如果英国脱欧后，许多熟练劳动力被迫离开，这种情况只会变得更糟。分析句子，设空处应该使用名词作主语，表示“劳动力”用labr。故选A。
19．考查形容词。句意：“2030之家”获奖队伍的雄心令人钦佩，这在“蓝天创意大赛”中屡见不变。分析句子，设空处应该使用形容词作表语。表示“令人钦佩的”用admirable。故选H。
20．考查形容词。句意：为此，我们必须在2023年关注桑德兰，并希望其他理事会、社区和小规模建筑商的监督联盟有想象力跟随他们的脚步。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作定语，表示“监督的”用verseeing。故选J。
21．C 22．B 23．A 24．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Derek和Shirley到达旅游目的地，从机场大楼出来后乘坐的出租车是机器人司机，通过描述他们之间的对话，文章介绍了机器人司机的一些优点。
21．推理判断题。根据第二段的“Excuse me, er, yur face seems very familiar-in fact, yu remind us f that famus film star, Rcky Overtn... but f curse, yu can’t be.(对不起，呃，你的脸看起来很面熟——事实上，你让我们想起了那个著名的电影明星Rcky Overtn……当然，你不可能是。)”可知，Derek和Shirley钻进出租车时感到困惑是因为司机看起来像一个著名的演员。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据第四段的“I’m equipped with perfect visin and superir reactins(我拥有完美的视力和超强的反应能力)”可知，出租车司机“Rcky”有完美的视力和卓越的反应。故选B。
23．词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段的“Derek and Shirley held each ther’s hands mre tightly.(Derek和Shirley更紧紧地握着对方的手。)”和“there is nthing fr yu t wrry abut(没有什么值得你们担心的)”可知，机器人司机在安慰他们，reassure的意思是“安慰”，和cmfrt意思相近，故选A。
24．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Nthing culd pssibly g wrng… culd pssibly g wrng… g wrng… g wrng…(不可能出错……不可能出错……不可能出错……不可能出错……)”可知，机器人司机程序出错了，因此我们可以推断出机器人司机并没有想象中那么可靠。故选C。
25．C 26．A 27．B 28．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述人工智能越来越聪明，人们担心它会超越人类。
25．细节理解题。根据第一段“It’s Siri, and she’s ready t fllw yur vice cmmands t search the Internet, text smene, r play a sng.(这就是Siri，她可以按照你的语音指令搜索互联网，给某人发短信，或者播放一首歌)”可知，Siri可以听从声音指令。故选C。
26．推理判断题。第二段中“Hwever, AI prgrams like Siri are getting smarter and smarter every year.(然而，像Siri这样的人工智能程序每年都变得越来越聪明)”是主题句，提到人工智能越来越聪明，下文“In 2011, an AI named Watsn defeated tw human champins n the quiz shw Jepardy!(2011年，一个名叫Watsn的人工智能在智力竞赛节目《危险边缘》中击败了两位人类冠军)”提及Watsn的例子是为了论证上述观点。故选A。
27．词义猜测题。根据第三段划线词下文“Once this happens, cmputers will think, plan, and act at a level that human beings can’t understand.(一旦发生这种情况，计算机将以人类无法理解的水平思考、计划和行动)”可知，划线词所在句意为“总有一天，人工智能很可能会超越人类智能”，surpass意为“超越”。故选B。
28．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“He’s nt the nly ne wrrying.(他不是唯一一个担心的人)”可知，Nick Bstrm对超级人工智能持谨慎态度。故选C。
29．C 30．D 31．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要回顾了2022年世界机器人大会的有代表性的机器人展品：采摘机器人，核算机器人和摩天轮停车位。
29．推理判断题。根据文章首段内容“Are yu interested in rbt-science? What d yu think rbts are capable f? Let’s have a review f wrld-leading technlgy gathered at the Wrld Rbt Cnference (WRC) 2022.(你对机器人科学感兴趣吗?你认为机器人能做什么?让我们来回顾一下在2022年世界机器人大会上聚集的世界领先技术。)”可知，文章主要回顾了2022年世界机器人大会的有代表性的机器人展品，属于科技范畴。由此可推知，文章来自科学杂志。故选C项。
30．推理判断题。根据文章“Inventins f the yuth”部分内容“Since there are usually t few parking spaces in lder residential areas, Wang’s wrk aims t fit mre cars int current parking spts. The facility wrks like a sky wheel with six parking spts. When cars need t be picked up, the facility rtates steadily, placing the car n the grund.(由于老旧住宅区的停车位通常太少，王的工作旨在将更多的汽车安置在现有的停车位上。该设施就像一个空中摩天轮，有六个停车位。当需要取车时，该设备会稳定旋转，将汽车放置在地面上。)”可知，老旧城区的停车位太少，而这个像摩天轮一样的停车设施有六个停车位，可以要将六辆车安置在一个“停车位”上，以最大利用有限的空间。故选D项。
31．推理判断题。根据文章“Technlgy in agriculture”部分内容“With the help f varius sensrs and an AI system, the rbt can cllect fruit accrding t its ripeness, quality and size.(在各种传感器和人工智能系统的帮助下，机器人可以根据水果的成熟度、质量和大小来收集水果)”可知，采摘机器人可以在传感器和人工智能的帮助下独立采摘水果，不需要人力采摘。文章“Rbts fighting Cvid-19”部分内容“The whle prcess will nt require the invlvement f humans r labratries.(整个过程不需要人类或实验室的参与)”可知，核酸机器人的使用过程中不需要人类或实验室的参与。因此可推知，这两种机器人的使用都可以节省人力。故选A项。
32．D 33．A 34．B 35．A 36．C 37．D 38．B 39．C 40．A 41．C 42．D 43．B 44．B 45．A 46．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在发展人工智能中可能会出现的各种偏见。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着人工智能的成熟，人们越来越远离对系统的独特编程和监控，未知的偏见可能会让决策持续很长时间，对个人和社会造成意想不到的伤害。A. theretical理论上的；B. psychlgical心理的；C. disprprtinate不成比例的；D. unintended非计划的。根据前文“ unidentified bias might make decisins cntinue fr a lng time”可推断未知的偏见可能引起意想不到的伤害。故选D项。
33．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这种偏见可能来自输入数据，甚至是算法本身。A. arise frm产生于；B. cntribute t贡献；C. take ver接管；D. make up和解。根据前文“ unidentified bias might make decisins cntinue fr a lng time”以及后文“input data r even the algrithms (算法) themselves.”可知，上文提到未知的偏见，本句应该是讨论偏见可能产生的原因。故选A项。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通常情况下，数据集是不完整的，数据集中所代表的样本与人工智能模型所预测的人群不匹配——这被称为覆盖偏见。A. inspire激励；B. match相配；C. prtect保护；D. restrict妨碍。根据后文“this is knwn as cverage bias”可知是有偏差的，可推断数据是不匹配的才产生偏差。故选B项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：与输入数据相关的其他一些类型的偏见包括抽样偏见，其中数据不是随机从目标群体收集的，以及参与偏见，其中某些群体的用户退出调查的比例不同于其他群体的用户。A. quit退出；B. administer管理；C. cmpare比较；D. analyze分析。根据后文“at different rates than users frm ther grups”可知和其他组的比率不同，可推知有人退出了调查，导致比率不同。故选A项。
36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，另一个更具挑战性的偏见是确认偏见，它发生在决策者或分析师有一个强大的原始信念或经验，影响他们考虑替代方案的能力。A. distinct不同的；B. predictable可预测的；C. riginal原来的；D. widespread普遍的。根据后文“This culd lead ne t mre strngly 6 data that cnfirms a preexisting belief.”可知这可能会导致一个已经存在的信念，可推知本句应该是有强大的原始信念。故选C项。
37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这可能会导致一个人更倾向于确认一个已经存在的信念的数据。A. restre修复；B. imply意味着；C. miss错过；D. favr喜爱。根据前文“Still, anther mre challenging bias t identify is cnfirmatin bias that ccurs when a decisin maker r analyst has a strng 5 belief r experience that affects their ability t cnsider alternatives.” 可知决策者或分析师一个强大的原始信念，会使他们倾向于最喜爱的数据。故选D项。
38．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人工智能算法本身产生的偏见，或算法偏见，同样危险。A. embarrassing令人尴尬的；B. dangerus危险的；C. relevant相关的；D. ridiculus荒唐的。根据前文“unidentified bias (偏见) might make decisins cntinue fr a lng time that cause 1 harm fr individuals and sciety”可知，偏见会引起伤害，这是危险的。故选B项。
39．考查副词词义辨析。句意：算法偏见的一个例子是内隐偏见或无意识偏见，数据科学家根据影响数据建模决策的心理模型和记忆无意识地做出关联或假设。A. intentinally有意地；B. temprarily暂时；C. autmatically无意识地；D. apprpriately适当地。根据前文“One example f algrithmic bias is implicit bias r uncnscius bias”可知后文是在解释uncnscius bias，所以应该是科学家无意识地关联和假设。故选C项。
40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：内隐偏见会影响数据收集和分类的方式，也会影响系统的设计和开发。A. influence影响；B. help帮助；C. attract吸引；D. predict预测。根据后文“As machines learn, their cnclusins and decisins affect peple.”可知算法本身的偏见是会产生影响的。故选A项。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有道德的人工智能必须了解这些影响，并创建治理和测试方法，以解决错误和不准确性。A. admit承认；B. define定义；C. address设法解决；D. publicize宣传。根据前文“Ethical AI must understand these impacts and create gvernance and testing methds”可根据句意推知，应是找到方法解决错误。故选C项。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了创造合乎道德的人工智能，公司需要把个人的需求放在数据创新的中心。A. belngings财物；B. expressins表情；C. characteristics特征；D. needs需要。根据后文“This means thinking abut 12 rights as human rights and develping a cmprehensive apprach t data, including hw we use AI.”可知需要考虑到我们怎么使用AI，所以应该把个人需要放在数据创新的中心。故选D项。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这意味着要将数字权利视为人权，并开发一种全面的数据方法，包括我们如何使用人工智能。A. civil公民的；B. digital数字的；C. legal合法的；D. natural自然的。根据前文“T create ethical AI”可知，此处讲的是AI，所以应该是将数字权利视为人权。故选B项。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为AI提供负责任的数据实践意味着拥有良好的AI治理。A. frequent频繁的；B. respnsible负责的；C. peculiar特有的；D. graceful优雅的。根据后文“Gd AI gvernance includes data respnsibility as well as a cmmitment t transparency”可知良好的人工智能治理包括数据责任，所以应该是负责任的数据。故选B项。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种治理不仅关注数据和分析，还了解任何给定分析的影响，并确保其公平和准确。A. fair公平的；B. quick快的；C. appealing吸引人的；D. adequate充足的。根据后文“Gd AI gvernance includes data respnsibility as well as a cmmitment t transparency”可知良好的人工智能治理包括对透明度的承诺，所以应该是公平的。故选A项。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在偏见成为破坏性力量之前，通过团结起来，现在就着手解决这个问题，企业可以帮助发掘出人工智能为世界提供的最好的东西。A. leading主要的；B. innvative革新的；C. cultural文化的；D. destructive破坏(或毁灭)性的。根据前文“unidentified bias (偏见) might make decisins cntinue fr a lng time that cause 1 harm fr individuals and sciety”可知偏见对人和社会都有害，所以是成为破坏性的力量。故选D项。
47．C 48．F 49．E 50．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章探讨了机器和人工智能将如何影响未来的工作。
47．上文“The Rand Crpratin recently issued its wn reprt n the future effects f autmatin and AI n jbs and the wrkplace. Osnde Osba was a c-authr f the reprt.(Rand公司最近就自动化和人工智能对就业和工作场所的未来影响发布了自己的报告。Osnde Osba是该报告的合著者之一)”提到关于自动化和人工智能对就业和工作场所的未来影响的报告，以及该报告的作者之一Osnde Osba，分析选项，C项“他指出，对机器夺走人类工作的担忧可以追溯到几个世纪以前”简单介绍了该作者在报告中的观点，C项中He指代上文的Osnde Osba。故选C项。
48．上文“The Queen explained that the device wuld lead t majr jb lsses, frcing affected wrkers t becme ‘beggars.’(女王解释说，这种设备会导致大量失业，迫使受影响的工人成为‘乞丐’)”以英国女王的事例说明自动化会造成一些人失业，F项“Osba也认为人工智能和自动化将会对工作岗位造成重大破坏，尤其是对低技能工人”符合语境，故选F项。
49．根据下文“It says this grwth, alng with ther ecnmic influences, culd help ffset(弥补) the displacement f millins f wrkers.(报告说，这种增长以及其他经济影响可以帮助抵消数百万工人失业的影响)”可知，空处应是提及关于“this grwth”的具体内容，E项“该研究称，自动化还将提高生产率和经济增长”符合语境，下文“this grwth”指代E项中的“prductivity and ecnmic grwth”。故选E项。
50．下文“These include jbs depending n human mtr skills, psitins requiring creative thinking and actins, and jbs dealing with intense scial interactin.(这些工作包括依赖人类运动技能的工作，需要创造性思维和行动的工作，以及需要激烈社会互动的工作)”介绍了难以被机器取代的工作类型，B 项“McKinsey确定了三种工作类型，它们将很难被机器取代”符合语境。故选B项。
51．Jb interviews are rarely fun, especially fr yung peple, wh face an intimidating challenge tday. AVIs are cmmnly used by large emplyers. But the emplyees dn't feel cmfrtable and have never received detailed feedback after rejectins. Emplyers shuld pay mre attentin t emplyees’ feeling, because an interview is a chance fr bth sides t learn abut each ther.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。人工智能使得面试过程变得更糟心，求职者面对镜头时会表现得不自然，而且得不到有效反馈，雇主应该更多的考虑求职者的感受，毕竟面试是双方互相了解的过程。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①Jb interviews are rarely fun, especially when yu yung.
②Yung peple tday face a different but n less intimidating challenge.
③Large emplyers are using these "asynchrnus(非共时的)vide interviews(AVIs)t cut dwn jb applicants t a smaller number they can meet in persn.
④AVIs are increasingly cmmn.
⑤But emplyers need t pay mre attentin t hw the prcess affects prspective emplyees.
⑥“It des feel rbtic,” he says. In mst cases, he wasn't able t review the vides and wasn't tld if a human r a machine wuld judge him. He has never received detailed feedback after a rejectin.
⑦After all, an interview is a cmpany's first real interactin with prspective emplyees, sme f whm it will want t hire. It shuld be a chance fr bth sides t learn abut each ther.
2.缜密构思
将第1、2两个要点进行整合，将第3、4两个要点进行整合，将第6要点内容转化后再与第5、7两个要点重组。
3.遣词造句
Jb interviews are rarely fun, especially fr yung peple, wh face an intimidating challenge tday.
AVIs are cmmnly used by large emplyers.
The emplyees dn't feel cmfrtable and have never received detailed feedback after rejectins.
Emplyers shuld pay mre attentin t emplyees’ feeling, because an interview is a chance fr bth sides t learn abut each ther.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Jb interviews are rarely fun, especially fr yung peple, wh face an intimidating challenge tday.（运用了wh引导的非限制性定语从句，对原文第一二自然段进行了概括）
[高分句型2]Emplyers shuld pay mre attentin t emplyees’ feeling, because an interview is a chance fr bth sides t learn abut each ther.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句，对原文第五六七自然段进行了概括总结）
52．The thief must have gt ut thrugh the windw late at night.
【详解】考查情态动词以及固定短语。此处主语为the thief；表示“一定做某事”应用must have dne；表述对过去事实肯定的推测。表示“从窗户逃出去”翻译为get ut thrugh the windw；表示“深夜时”短语为late at night。故翻译为The thief must have gt ut thrugh the windw late at night.
53．S naughty is the child that he ften upsets his parents wh are busy with their wrk.
【详解】考查状语从句和倒装句。根据句意可知，整句应该使用一般现在时态，表示“这个小孩太调皮”应译为the child is s naughty；“使得心烦意乱”的表达为upset，所以“使得他父母心烦意乱”应译为upset his parents；句中的“忙于”可翻译为be busy with sth.或be busy ding的短语，分析句子结构可知，“忙于工作的”为定语从句修饰his parents，关系代词在句子中作主语，所以翻译为wh are busy with their wrk.；由于S大写，一定要把它的整体S naughty放于句首，且句子要倒装，即将系动词is置于主语the child之前。故翻译为S naughty is the child that he ften upsets his parents wh are busy with their wrk.
54．Students shuld be encuraged t apply what they have learned in class t practice.
【详解】考查固定短语和宾语从句。主语为复数名词students；表示“应该鼓励”为shuld be encuraged t；表示“用于”应用动词apply，后跟what引导的宾语从句；表示“将课堂上所学的知识用于实践中去”翻译为they have learned in class t practice，为现在完成时。故翻译为Students shuld be encuraged t apply what they have learned in class t practice.
55．I felt that the bld in my bdy cled because f the terrible sight.
【详解】考查动词时态、宾语从句、介词短语和名词。表示“感觉”应用动词feel，作主句谓语，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时；宾语从句结构齐全应用引导词that，表示“凝固”应用动词cl，作宾语从句谓语动词，主句为过去时，所以从句谓语动词也应用一般过去时，表示“由于；看到”应用介词短语because f；表示“可怕的景象”应用名词短语the terrible sight，作because f的宾语；介词短语because f the terrible sight作原因状语。故翻译为I felt that the bld in my bdy cled because f the terrible sight.
56．The advantages and disadvantages f nline educatin
Since the utbreak f COVID-19, many schls have adpted nline teaching methds. Hwever, the attitudes twards it vary frm persn t persn.
On the ne hand, nline educatin prvides us with a gd surce f infrmatin. It als enables students t study at their wn pace, which helps them save time and have a better understanding f what they learn.
On the ther hand, high schl students may lack the self-discipline t keep up with the wrklad in nline classes. Besides, with t much time spent nline, their eyesight may be damaged. What’s wrse, it’s hard fr them t slve prblems in their studies fr lack f face-t-face cmmunicatin with teachers.
Persnally, nline educatin is very imprtant, especially at present, but we must use it wisely.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于议论文。要求考生写一篇短文向校英语报投稿，谈谈在线教育的利弊以及自己的看法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
提供：prvide→ffer
损害：damage→ harm
更糟糕的是：what’s wrse→wrse still
个人而言：persnally→ as far as I’m cnerned
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, with t much time spent nline, their eyesight may be damaged.
拓展句：Besides, as t much time is spent nline, their eyesight may be damaged.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It als enables students t study at their wn pace, which helps them save time and have a better understanding f what they learn.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Besides, with t much time spent nline, their eyesight may be damaged.（运用了with的复合结构）
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