[英语]湖北省腾云联盟2024-2025学年高三上学期8月联考试题(解析版)

这是一份[英语]湖北省腾云联盟2024-2025学年高三上学期8月联考试题(解析版)，共21页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7，5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
略
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Myrtle Beach Dlphin Cruise(乘船游览)& Dlphin Turs
Myrtle Beach is ne f the mst breathtakingly beautiful places t visit, and there is n better way t have a memrable time in the area than by taking a Myrtle Beach Dlphin Tur. Reserve yur spt n the grgeus New Inlet Princess, a magnificent vessel that creates sme f the best fun in Myrtle Beach! Embark upn this Myrtle Beach dlphin sightseeing cruise t experience the wnders f Murrells Inlet. Keep yur eyes pen fr stunning dlphins in their natural habitats and ther wildlife as yu sail alng its waters. This attractive tur is tpped ff with a memrable sunset fr sme f the best fun that Myrtle Beach has t ffer.
Abut the Dlphin Guarantee
This dlphin cruise is the ONLY dlphin cruise backed by VME’s guarantee. If yu d nt see dlphins n yur cruise, please cntact us at 1-800-987-9852 fr tickets fr anther dlphin cruise t betaken within 7 days f the first cruise.
Details:
·Unique Online Offer: Buy 1 Get 1 Free（Must bk in advance nline r tll-free at1-800-987-9852）
·Apprpriate fr All Ages
·Handicap Accessible
·Restaurant On-site
·Kid Friendly Dlphin Cruise -Kids Lve This Cruise!
·Large bat with cvered shade area, air-cnditined enclsed deck, and large pen sun deck.
·Tw Bathrms On Bard
·What t Bring: Camera/Phne fr great phts, cash fr shacks and drinks available n bard.
·Cruise lasts apprximately 75 minutes.
1. If yu dn’t see dlphins n yur cruise, what can yu d in a week?
A. Get a full refund fr their tickets.B. Purchase anther cruise ticket nline.
C. Cntact them fr anther cruise ticket.D. Cmplain t the lcal turism authrity.
2. What is the unique nline ffer fr this dlphin cruise?
A. Buy 1 get 1 free fr all tickets.
B. 50% ff if reserving tickets in advance.
C. Buy 1 get 1 free if bking tickets nline.
D. Free tickets fr all children and the disabled.
3. Which f the fllwing can be inferred frm the details?
A. The price f the cruise is very high.
B. There are nt enugh safety measures n the bat.
C. The dlphin cruise is nly ppular amng lcal peple.
D. The cruise prvides cmfrtable and enjyable experiences.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章通过描述Myrtle Beach的美景和Dlphin Cruise的优点来吸引游客。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章中“Abut the Dlphin Guarantee”部分的“This dlphin cruise is the ONLY dlphin cruise backed by VME’s guarantee. If yu d nt see dlphins n yur cruise, please cntact us at 1-800-987-9852 fr tickets fr anther dlphin cruise t be taken within 7 days f the first cruise.( 这次海豚巡游是唯一由VME保证支持的海豚巡游。如果您在巡游中没有看到海豚，请拨打1-800-987-9852联系我们，我们将为您提供另一次海豚巡游的票务，以便在首次巡游后的7天内参加)”可知，如果在游轮上没有看到海豚，可以在一周内联系他们获取另一张游轮票。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章中“Details”部分的“Unique Online Offer: Buy 1 Get 1 Free（Must bk in advance nline r tll-free at 1-800-987-9852）(独一无二的在线优惠：买一送一（必须提前在线预订或拨打免费电话1-800-987-9852）)”可知，这个海豚游轮的独特在线优惠是在线预订一张票，免费获得另一张票。故选C项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章中“Details”部分的“Large bat with cvered shade area, air-cnditined enclsed deck, and large pen sun deck. Tw Bathrms On Bard(大船带有遮荫区，空调封闭甲板和大型露天日光浴甲板。船上有两个卫生间)”可知，这艘游轮有覆盖的阴凉区域、空调封闭甲板和大型开放式阳光甲板，还有两个卫生间，可以推断出游轮提供了舒适和愉快的体验。故选D项。
B
It was very late and everyne had left the café except an ld man wh sat in the shadw the leaves f the tree made against the electric light. In the day time the street was dusty, but at night the dew settled the dust and the ld man liked t sit late because he was deaf and nw at night it was quiet and he felt the difference. The tw waiters inside the café knew that the ld man was a little drunk, and while he was a gd client they knew that if he became t drunk he wuld leave withut paying, s they kept watch n him.
“Last week he tried t cmmit suicide,” ne waiter said.
“Why?”
“He was in despair.”
“What abut?”
“Nthing.”
“Hw d yu knw it was nthing?”
“He has plenty f mney.”
They sat tgether at a table that was clse against the wall near the dr f the café and lked at the terrace (露台) where the tables were all empty except where the ld man sat in the shadw f the leaves f the tree that mved slightly in the wind.
“The guard will pick him up,” ne waiter said.
“What des it matter if he gets what he’s after?”
“He had better get ff the street nw. The guard will get him. They went by five minutes ag.”
The ld man sitting in the shadw tapped his saucer with his glass. The yunger waiter went ver t him.
“What d yu want?”
The ld man lked at him. “Anther brandy,” he said.
“Yu’ll be drunk,” the waiter said. The ld man lked at him. The waiter went away.
“He’ll stay all night,” he said t his clleague. “I’m sleepy nw. I never get int bed befre three ’clck. He shuld have killed himself last week.”
The yunger waiter tk the brandy bttle and marched ut t the ld man’s table.
“Yu shuld have killed yurself last week,” he said t the deaf man. The ld man mtined with his finger. “A little mre,” he said. The waiter pured n int the glass. “Thank yu,” the ld man said. The waiter tk the bttle back inside the café. He sat dwn at the table with his clleague again.
4. What happened t the ld man?
A. He was in pverty and despair.B. He was caught in alchl prblem.
C. He had lst hpe and attempted suicide.D. He was abandned by his family.
5. Why did the yunger waiter want t clse the café early?
A. He wanted t sleep.B. He had an appintment.
C. He didn’t like the ld man.D. He thught the ld man is drunk.
6. What is the yunger waiter’s attitude twards the ld man?
A. Sympathetic.B. Impatient.
C. Respectful.D. Mderate.
7. The writing style in this stry is characterized by ________.
A. cmplex and ambiguus pltsB. spare and ecnmical language
C. vivid and detailed dialgueD. frequent use f similes
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章节选自海明威的短篇小说A Clean, Well-lighted Place（《一个干净明亮的地方》），故事围绕一个孤独但富有的老人展开，咖啡店的两位侍者对他的行为好奇而困惑，谈论着他试图自杀的事情。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段““Last week he tried t cmmit suicide,” ne waiter said. (“上周他试图自杀，”一名服务员说。)”和第四段““He was in despair.” (“他很绝望。”)”可知，老人失去了希望，企图自杀。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中这位年轻服务员所说的话“I’m sleepy nw. I never get int bed befre three ’clck. (我现在困了。三点之前我从来没有睡过觉。)”可知，年轻侍者想早点打烊是因为他想睡觉。故选A项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中和最后一段中这位年轻侍者所说的话“He shuld have killed himself last week. (他上周就该杀了自己)”、“Yu shuld have killed yurself last week (你上周就该杀了自己)”可知，年轻侍者两次提到希望老人自杀成功。由此可知，他对老人的态度是不耐烦的。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，比如第一段中“In the day time the street was dusty, but at night the dew settled the dust and the ld man liked t sit late because he was deaf and nw at night it was quiet and he felt the difference. (白天，街上满是灰尘，但到了晚上，露水把灰尘沉淀下来，老人喜欢坐到很晚，因为他是个聋人，现在晚上很安静，他感到了不同)”、第二至八段的简短对话可知，文章多使用简单直接的句子，对话直截了当，很少描述细节，叙事集中在人物的行为和对话上，没有过多的描述和修饰。因此，这个故事的写作风格特点是语言简洁。A. 复杂而模糊的情节；B. 简洁的语言；C. 生动详细的对话；D. 经常使用明喻。故选B项。
C
Children wh were behind in their develpment at age 4-5were almst three times as likely t have been ut f educatin, emplyment, r training at age 16-17, analysis f pupil data has fund.
4-5-ycar-lds in England are assessed by the Early Years Fundatin Stage Prfile, and thse wh reach the bundary f a “gd level f develpment” are cnsidered “schl ready”.
The new study in the jurnal BMC Public Health has fund a significant gap in Nt in Educatin, Emplyment r Training（NEET）utcmes between thse wh were ready and unready fr primary schl. The research drew n data frm mre than 8,000 Bradfrd yung peple whse recrds are linked as part f the Cnnected Bradfrd prject. The research fund that 11%f children wh were nt schl ready went n t be NEET at 16-17, cmpared t just 4%f children wh were schl ready.
Lead authr Dr Matthew Warburtn, Research Officer at Leeds’Schl f Psychlgy, said: “These findings tell us that there are clear, early indicatrs fr children and yung peple being at risk f disadvantage in late adlescence. As schls rutinely cllect this data, the research culd be used t kickstart early interventin in schls based n primary schl readiness.”
The research team, which als included academics frm Lancaster University and the Bradfrd Institute fr Health Research, say this shws a clear need fr early interventin by schls t reduce disadvantage in later life.
This eches the message frm a series f N8 Child f the Nrth and Centre fr Yung Lives reprts n the need t put children and yung peple first. Senir authr Dr Amy Atkinsn, Lecturer in the Department f Psychlgy at Lancaster University said: “Data frm the Early Years Fundatin Stage Prfile is readily available fr millins f children and yung peple in England. This infrmatin culd, and shuld, be used t identify pupils at increased risk f becming NEET.”
8. What des the Early Years Fundatin Stage Prfile prbably d?
A. Recrd emplyment status.B. Mnitr teenagers’prgress.
C. Evaluate primary schl students.D. Assess 4-5-year-lds’develpment.
9. What des Dr Matthew imply abut the current situatin f schls?
A. They lack data fr early interventin.B. They lack data t identify at-risk students.
C. Early interventin is required.D. Early interventin have been dne.
10. What d we knw abut the data accrding t the last paragraph?
A. It is rarely used in England.B. It is nt enugh fr identifying NEET yuth.
C. It is used effectively fr the NEET issue.D. It can slve the issue f NEET yuth.
11. The passage is structured in the fllwing way.
A. Intrducing a tpic-Describing related studies -Making suggestins
B. Making a claim -Prviding evidence-Drawing a cnclusin
C. Presenting a prblem -Analyzing the causes -Offering slutins
D. Raising a questin-Discussing different pinins -Reaching an agreement
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. D 11. A
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要讨论了儿童早期发展阶段评估与其青少年时期是否处于“不在教育、就业或培训”状态之间的关联。研究发现，那些在4-5岁时未达到良好发展水平的孩子，在16-17岁时成为NEET的可能性要高得多。该研究强调了早期干预的重要性。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“4-5-year-lds in England are assessed by the Early Years Fundatin Stage Prfile, and thse wh reach the bundary f a “gd level f develpment” are cnsidered “schl ready” (英格兰的4-5岁的孩子通过早期基础阶段档案进行评估，那些达到“良好发展水平”的孩子被认为是“准备好上学”的)”可知，Early Years Fundatin Stage Prfile是用来评估4-5岁儿童的发展水平。故选D项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Lead authr Dr Matthew Warburtn, Research Officer at Leeds’Schl f Psychlgy, said: “These findings tell us that there are clear, early indicatrs fr children and yung peple being at risk f disadvantage in late adlescence. As schls rutinely cllect this data, the research culd be used t kickstart early interventin in schls based n primary schl readiness. (主要作者利兹大学心理学院的研究员马修·沃伯顿博士说：“这些发现告诉我们，对于儿童和年轻人来说，在青春期后期面临不利因素有明确的早期指标。由于学校常规收集这些数据，这项研究可以用来基于小学入学准备启动学校的早期干预。”)”可以推断出Dr Matthew认为学校应该实施早期干预。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Data frm the Early Years Fundatin Stage Prfile is readily available fr millins f children and yung peple in England. This infrmatin culd, and shuld, be used t identify pupils at increased risk f becming NEET. (英格兰数百万儿童和年轻人的早期基础阶段档案的数据很容易获得。这些信息可以也应该用来识别成为NEET风险增高的学生)”可以得知，这些数据可以解决NEET问题。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Children wh were behind in their develpment at age 4-5were almst three times as likely t have been ut f educatin, emplyment, r training at age 16-17, analysis f pupil data has fund(在4-5岁时发展落后的儿童，到了16-17岁时，几乎有三倍的可能性处于无教育、无就业或无培训的状态，对小学生数据的分析发现了这一点)”、第二段“4-5-year-lds in England are assessed by the Early Years Fundatin Stage Prfile, and thse wh reach the bundary f a “gd level f develpment” are cnsidered “schl ready” (英格兰的4-5岁的孩子通过早期基础阶段档案进行评估，那些达到“良好发展水平”的孩子被认为是“准备好上学”的)”、第四段“Lead authr Dr Matthew Warburtn, Research Officer at Leeds’Schl f Psychlgy, said: “These findings tell us that there are clear, early indicatrs fr children and yung peple being at risk f disadvantage in late adlescence. As schls rutinely cllect this data, the research culd be used t kickstart early interventin in schls based n primary schl readiness. (主要作者利兹大学心理学院的研究员马修·沃伯顿博士说：“这些发现告诉我们，对于儿童和年轻人来说，在青春期后期面临不利因素有明确的早期指标。由于学校常规收集这些数据，这项研究可以用来基于小学入学准备启动学校的早期干预。”)”以及最后一段“Data frm the Early Years Fundatin Stage Prfile is readily available fr millins f children and yung peple in England. This infrmatin culd, and shuld, be used t identify pupils at increased risk f becming NEET. (英格兰数百万儿童和年轻人的早期基础阶段档案的数据很容易获得。这些信息可以也应该用来识别成为NEET风险增高的学生)”可知，文章首先介绍了研究发现（即儿童早期发展状况与后来是否成为NEET之间的关联），然后描述了相关研究的细节，最后提出建议（即利用现有数据进行早期干预）。因此，选项A“Intrducing a tpic-Describing related studies -Making suggestins(引入话题-描述相关研究-提出建议)”符合文章的结构。故选A项。
D
Researchers say they’ve used cutting-edge gravitatinal wave research t cast new light n a mystery — a 2000-year-ld cmputer, the Antikythera mechanism fund in shipwreck.
Well ver a century after its discvery, researchers at the University f Glasgw say they’ve used statistical mdeling techniques, riginally designed t analyze gravitatinal waves — ripples in spacetime caused by majr events in the universe such as tw black hles cmbining —t suggest that the Antikythera mechanism was likely used t track the Greek lunar year. In shrt, it’s a fascinating cllisin between mdern-day science and the mysteries f an ancient artifact.
In a 2021 paper, researchers fund that previusly discvered and regularly spaced hles in a “calendar ring” were marked t describe the “mtins f the sun, mn, and all five planets knwn in ancient Greeks and hw they were displayed at the frnt as an ancient Greek universe.” Nw, in a new study published in the Official Jurnal f the British Hrlgical Institute, University f Glasgw gravitatinal wave researcher Graham Wan and researchassciate Jseph Bayley suggest that the ring was likely perfrated (打孔)with 354 hles, which happens t be the number f days in a lunar year.
The team used statistical mdels derived frm gravitatinal wave research, a large-scale physics experiment designed t measure ripples in spacetime millins f light-years frm Earth and Bayesian analysis, a technique using prbability t quantify uncertainty based n incmplete data, t calculate the likely number f hles in the mechanism using the psitins f the surviving hles and the placement f the ring’s surviving six fragments.
Surprisingly, the inspiratin fr the study came frm a YuTuber Chris Budiselic, wh has been attempting t physically recreate the ancient mechanism and investigating ways t determine just hw many hles it cntained.
“It’s a neat symmetry that we’ve adapted techniques we use t study the universe tday t understand mre abut a mechanism that helped peple keep track f the heavens nearly tw millennia ag,” Wan said.
“We hpe that ur findings abut the Antikythera mechanism, althugh less supernaturally spectacular than thse made by Indiana Jnes, will help deepen ur understanding f hw this remarkable device was made and used by the Greeks,” Wan sadded.
12. What was the riginal purpse f the statistical mdelingtechniques?
A. T study the Antikythera mechanism.B. T investigate ancient artifacts.
C. T track the Greek lunar year.D. T analyze gravitatinal waves.
13. Hw did the researchers calculate the likely number f hles in the mechanism?
A. By using statistical mdels and Bayesian analysis.
B. By bserving the mechanism directly.
C. By asking YuTuber Chris Budiselic.
D. By bserving the physical recreatin f the mechanism.
14. The underlined term “Bayesian analysis” in paragraph 4 refer t a technique.
A. t recreate an ancient mechanism.
B. t measure ripples in spacetime.
C. t calculate uncertainty based n insufficient data.
D. t calculate the psitins f the surviving hles.
15. What is the main idea f the text?
A. Mdern science was ideally cmbined with an ancient artifact.
B. The Antikythera mechanism was discvered in a shipwreck.
C. The mystery f the Antikythera mechanism remains unslved.
D. Gravitatinal wave research revealed the Antikythera mechanismt.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了研究人员利用引力波研究中的统计建模技术来研究古老的安提基特拉机械。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Researchers at the University f Glasgw say they’ve used statistical mdeling techniques, riginally designed t analyze gravitatinal waves(格拉斯哥大学的研究人员表示，他们使用了统计建模技术，该技术最初是为分析引力波而设计的)”可知，统计建模技术的最初目的是分析引力波，故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The team used statistical mdels derived frm gravitatinal wave research... and Bayesian analysis... t calculate the likely number f hles in the mechanism(该团队使用了源自引力波研究的统计模型和贝叶斯分析来计算该机械中可能的孔洞数量)”可知，研究人员通过使用统计模型和贝叶斯分析来计算机械中可能的孔洞数量，故选A项。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第四段划线词后句子“a technique using prbability t quantify uncertainty based n incmplete data(一种基于不完整数据使用概率来量化不确定性的技术)”可知，“Bayesian analysis”指的是一种基于不充分数据计算不确定性的技术，故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Researchers say they’ve used cutting-edge gravitatinal wave research t cast new light n a mystery---a 2000-year-ld cmputer, the Antikythera mechanism fund in shipwreck.(研究人员表示，他们利用尖端的引力波研究为一个谜团——在沉船中发现的有2000年历史的计算机，即安提基特拉机械——揭开了新的篇章。)”、第二段“Researchers at the University f Glasgw say they’ve used statistical mdeling techniques, riginally designed t analyze gravitatinal waves(格拉斯哥大学的研究人员表示，他们使用了统计建模技术，该技术最初是为分析引力波而设计的)”、第四段“Bayesian analysis, a technique using prbability t quantify uncertainty based n incmplete data(贝叶斯分析，一种基于不完整数据使用概率来量化不确定性的技术)”以及最后一段““We hpe that ur findings abut the Antikythera mechanism, althugh less supernaturally spectacular than thse made by Indiana Jnes, will help deepen ur understanding f hw this remarkable device was made and used by the Greeks,” Wan sadded.(“我们希望我们对安提基特拉机械的发现，虽然不像印第安纳·琼斯的发现那样超自然壮观，但能帮助我们加深对这一非凡设备如何被希腊人制造和使用的理解。”Wan补充说。)”可知，文章开篇介绍了研究人员利用引力波研究来研究古老的安提基特拉机械，接着具体说明了研究过程和方法，所以文章的主要内容是引力波研究揭示了安提基特拉机械原理，故选D项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。
Lk back a few hundred years and chillies were nwhere t be fund in China. Unlike Sichuan peppers, which are native t the regin and widely used, chillies were brught t China frm the Americas by Prtuguese and Dutch explrers nly in the 16th century.
16 Fr at least 50 years, they were grwn as decrative plants, prized fr their cheerfully bright clur and tiny white flwers,and ccasinally used as medicinal herbs.
During China’s last imperial perid, peasants in Guizhu prvince started using them as a salt alternative. 17 The pepper steadily spread t ther rural regins f China. 18 Fr a lng time, “la” was used t describe vicius-natured(性情恶毒的)peple, and the few peple wh enjyed chillies did nt bst their taste.
But the Cmmunist revlutin changed that. The chefs f nbles were ut f favur, and their traditins discntinued. 19
Industrialisatin after the revlutin created the largest migratin in human histry. 20 Chillies are nw integrated int street fd, fine dining and snacks in regins with little traditin f heat.
A. At first, nbdy ate chillies.
B. Hwever, chillies were rarely grwn initially.
C. Frm there, a new flavur was unlcked.
D. And then, chillies gained a great ppularity.
E. Frm then n, chillies became a symbl f wrking class.
F. Hwever, the strng flavr barred it frm getting near the tables f upper-class families.
G. Millins f migrants pured int big cities, bringing with them the spicy flavurs f hme.
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. F 19. E 20. G
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了辣椒在中国的历史和发展。辣椒最初是从美洲传入中国的，起初只是作为观赏植物和草药，后来逐渐被用作调味品，并在中国各地广泛传播。
【16题详解】
根据下文“Fr at least 50 years, they were grwn as decrative plants, prized fr their cheerfully bright clur and tiny white flwers, and ccasinally used as medicinal herbs.(至少有50年的时间，辣椒被当作观赏植物种植，因其鲜艳的颜色和小白花而受到珍视，偶尔也被用作草药。)”可知，辣椒最初并不是作为食物被食用的，而是作为观赏植物和草药，这与A项“At first, nbdy ate chillies.(起初，没有人吃辣椒。)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“During China’s last imperial perid, peasants in Guizhu prvince started using them as a salt alternative.(在中国最后一个帝国时期，贵州省的农民开始将辣椒作为盐的替代品。)”可知，辣椒开始被用作调味品，这与C项“Frm there, a new flavur was unlcked.(自此，一种新的味道被解锁。)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。
【18题详解】
根据下文“Fr a lng time, “la” was used t describe vicius-natured peple, and the few peple wh enjyed chillies did nt bst their taste.(很长一段时间里，“辣”被用来形容性情恶毒的人，而那些喜欢辣椒的人并没有提升他们的口味。)”可知，因为“辣”被用来形容性情恶毒的人，可推理出辣椒在上层阶级的餐桌上并不受欢迎，这与F项“Hwever, the strng flavr barred it frm getting near the tables f upper-class families.(然而，浓烈的味道使它无法接近上层家庭的餐桌。)”表达的含义一致，故选F项。
【19题详解】
根据下文“Industrialisatin after the revlutin created the largest migratin in human histry.(革命后的工业化创造了人类历史上最大规模的迁移。)”以及“Chillies are nw integrated int street fd, fine dining and snacks in regins with little traditin f heat. (辣椒现在被融入街头小吃、美食和零食中，在那些几乎没有辣味传统的地区也是如此。)”可知，越来越多地普通民众接触到了辣椒，这与E项“Frm then n, chillies became a symbl f wrking class. (从那时起，辣椒成为了工人阶级的象征。)”表达的含义一致，故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Industrialisatin after the revlutin created the largest migratin in human histry.(革命后的工业化创造了人类历史上最大规模的迁移。)”以及下文“Chillies are nw integrated int street fd, fine dining and snacks in regins with little traditin f heat. (辣椒现在被融入街头小吃、美食和零食中，在那些几乎没有辣味传统的地区也是如此。)”可知，大量移民涌入大城市，带来了家乡的辛辣口味，这与G项“Millins f migrants pured int big cities, bringing with them the spicy flavurs f hme. (数百万移民涌入大城市，带来了家乡的辛辣口味。)”表达的含义一致，故选G项。
第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Grwing up in pverty in rural Kenya, Nelly Chebi watched her single mther wrk tirelessly s she culd attend schl.
Frm an early age, she realized that her family, alng with thers like hers in their village, was 21 a cycle that left them little hpe. Chebi attended cllege. 22 a schlarship in the United States, wrked dd jbs t supprt her family, and discvered her 23 fr cmputer science. She 24 the success in finding jbs t her cmputer literacy. She knew she wanted t share it with her 25 back hme.
Tday, she’s giving 4,000 kids the chance fr a 26 future thrugh her nnprfit, TechLit Africa. The rganizatin uses recycled 27 t create technlgy labs in schls in rural Kenya.
In 2018, she began 28 recycled cmputers. She started small, carrying the machines t Kenya and 29 custms fees and taxes herself. TechLit Africa nw wrks with shipping cmpanies t 30 the dnated cmputers s it’s mre cst 31 . The dnated hardware is 32 t partner schls in rural Kenya, where students aged 4 t 12 receive daily classes and 33 pprtunities frm prfessinals and gain skills that will help imprve their educatin and prepare them fr future jbs.
“My hpe is that when the first TechLit kids graduate frm high schl, they’re able t get a jb nline 34 they will knw hw t cde,” Chebi said. “The wrld is yur yster when yu are educated. By bringing the resurces, by bringing these skills, we are 35 the wrld t them.”
21. A. stuck inB. applied tC. stricken byD. prhibited frm
22. A. beyndB. nC. againstD. fr
23. A. appreciatinB. inspiratinC. passinD. attractin
24. A. praisedB. creditedC. strengthenedD. admitted
25. A. familyB. friendsC. clleaguesD. cmmunity
26. A. challengingB. transfrmingC. brighterD. nearer
27. A. cmputersB. textbksC. materialsD. wastes
28. A. prgrammingB. studyingC. purchasingD. accepting
29. A. cuttingB. handlingC. cllectingD. charging
30. A. transplantB. translateC. transprtD. transfrm
31. A. efficientB. rewardingC. accessibleD. reliable
32. A. attachedB. cmmittedC. cntributedD. distributed
33. A. rareB. frequentC. uniqueD. equal
34. A. becauseB. befreC. unlessD. thugh
35. A. integrating intB. turning nC. pening upD. adapting t
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了尼莉·切博伊通过她的非营利组织TechLit Africa为肯尼亚农村的孩子们创造更加美好的未来。
【21题详解】
句意：从小她意识到她的家庭和村里其他家庭陷入了一个让他们没有什么希望的恶性循环。stuck in困于；applied t适用于；stricken by受……打击；prhibited frm被禁止……。根据后文的“that left them little hpe”可知，他们没有什么希望，即他们受困于这个贫穷的恶性循环。故选A项。
【22题详解】
句意：Chebi依靠奖学金在美国读大学，打零工养家，并发现了自己对计算机科学的热情。beynd超出；n在……上；against反对；fr为了。根据前文的“Grwing up in pverty in rural Kenya, Nelly Chebi watched her single mther wrk tirelessly s she culd attend schl.”可知，在肯尼亚农村的贫困中长大，Nelly Chebi看着她的单身母亲辛勤工作以便她能上学，因此她需要打零工和依靠奖学金才能上大学，n schlarship：依靠奖学金。故选B项。
【23题详解】
句意：Chebi通过奖学金在美国读大学，打工来支持家人，并发现了自己对计算机科学的热情。appreciatin欣赏；inspiratin灵感；passin热情；attractin吸引。根据“finding jbs t her cmputer literacy”可知，她将找到工作归因于她的计算机技能，因此在上学期间她对计算机科学产生了热情。故选C项。
【24题详解】
句意：她将成功找到工作归因于她的计算机技能。praise赞扬；credit归因于；strengthen加强；admit承认。根据前文的“discvered cmputer science”可知，她发现了自己对计算机科学有热情，因此她将找到工作归因于她的计算机技能，：把……归因于……。故选B项。
【25题详解】
句意：她知道自己想在回国后与社区的人们分享这种技能。family家人；friend朋友；clleague同事；cmmunity社区。根据前文的“Frm an early age, she realized that her family, alng with thers like hers in their village, was a cycle that left them little hpe.”可知，从小她意识到她的家庭和村里其他家庭陷入了一个让他们没有什么希望的恶性循环，因此她想帮助社区的人们走出困境。故选D项。
【26题详解】
句意：今天，她通过非营利组织TechLit Africa 为 4000 个孩子创造了更加光明的未来机会。challenging有挑战的；transfrming转变的；brighter更加明亮的；nearer更近的。根据前文的“She knew she wanted t share it with her back hme.”可知，她回国后与社区分的人们分享这种技能，这会给孩子们带去一个光明的未来，走出贫困。故选C项。故选C项。
【27题详解】
句意：这个组织利用回收的计算机在肯尼亚农村学校创建技术实验室。cmputer计算机；textbk教科书；material材料；waste废物。根据下文的“recycled cmputers”可知，这个组织利用回收的计算机来创建技术实验室，cmputers是同词复现。故选A项。
【28题详解】
句意：2018年，她开始接收回收的电脑。prgramme编程；study学习；purchase购买；accept接受、接收。根据“She started small, carrying the machines t Kenya”可知，她开始少量地接收回收的二手电脑，将它们带到肯尼亚。故选D项。
【29题详解】
句意：她从小做起，把机器装在托运行李里运到肯尼亚，自己处理海关费用和税款。cut切割；handle处理；cllect收集；charge充电。根据“custms fees and taxes herself”可知，她亲自处理海关费用和税款。故选B项。
【30题详解】
句意：TechLit Africa 现在与船运公司合作运输捐赠的电脑，提高捐赠电脑的效率，因此更具成本效益。transplant移植；translate翻译；transprt运输；transfrm转化。根据前文的“shipping cmpanies”可知，运输公司要对电脑进行运输，送到肯尼亚。故选C项。
【31题详解】
句意：TechLit Africa 现在与船运公司合作运输捐赠的电脑，因此更具成本效益。efficient高效的；rewarding有回报的；accessible可获得的；reliable可靠的。根据前文的“TechLit Africa nw wrks with shipping cmpanies dnated cmputers”可知，TechLit Africa与航运公司合作运输捐赠的电脑是为了降低成本。mre cst efficient更具成本效益，故选A项。
【32题详解】
句意：捐赠的硬件被分发给肯尼亚农村的合作学校，在那里，4至12岁的学生每天接受课程，并经常有机会向专业人士学习，获得技能，这将有助于提高他们的教育水平，为未来的工作做好准备。attach附加；cmmit承诺；cntribute贡献； distribute分发。根据“partner schls in rural Kenya, where students aged 4 t 12 receive daily classes”可知，合作学校4至12岁的学生每天接受课程，说明电脑被分发到了各个合作学校。故选D项。
【33题详解】
句意：捐赠的硬件被分发给肯尼亚农村的合作学校，在那里，4至12岁的学生每天接受课程，并经常有机会向专业人士学习，获得技能，这将有助于提高他们的教育水平，为未来的工作做好准备。rare罕见的； frequent频繁的； unique独一无二的；equal同等的。根据“receive daily classes and”可知，这是孩子们频繁的学习机会。故选B项。
【34题详解】
句意：Chebi说，“我的希望是，当第一批TechLit的孩子高中毕业时，他们能够在网上找到工作，因为他们知道如何编程”。because因为；befre在……之前；unless除非；althugh虽然。根据“they’re able t get a jb nline they will knw hw t cde,”可知，“他们能够在线找到工作”与“学会如何编程”之间为因果关系。故选A项。
【35题详解】
句意：通过带来这些资源和技能，我们正在向这些孩子打开世界的大门。integrate int融入；turn n调高；pen up开放，打开；adapt t适应。根据前文的“By bringing the resurces, by bringing these skills”可知，Chebi 认为通过带来这些资源和技能，孩子们能够走出贫穷，即他们正在向这些孩子打开走向世界的大门。故选C项。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As the Chinese saying ges, “Rads lead t riches.” And this is 36 Smxay Lalin, a Latian driver n the China-Las Railway, has bserved ver the past tw-and-a-half years.
As a driver travelling 37 Vientiane and Bten（brder twn）,he can see mre and mre huses and factries 38 （build）alng the rute. The 1,035-kilmeter railway, 39 is a flagship prject under the China-prpsed Belt and Rad Initiative, cnnects Kunming, the capital f Suthwest China’s Yunnan prvince, with the Latian capital, Vientiane. 40 （adpt）Chinese technical standards, the China-Las Railway is China’s first-internatinal railway prject（primary）funded and built by Chinese cmpanies and 41 （cnnect）t China’s railway netwrk.
Since June 2020,the Las-China Railway C has recruited and trained La trainees and mre than 800 La emplyees, r ver 90 percent f the trainees, 42 （assign）specific psitins.
The China-Las Railway has pened “a new phase f develpment” fr Las t transfrm 43 （it）frm a landlcked cuntry t a land-linked ne. The railway has maintained a psitive trend f increasing vlume and 44 （efficient）,as well as thriving passenger and freight businesses. The China-Las Railway has becme a rad f develpment, happiness, and friendship fr the La and Chinese peple.
【答案】36. what 37. between 38. being built 39. which 40. Adpting 41. primarily 42. cnnected 43. have been assigned 44. itself 45. efficiency
【详解】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述中国一老挝铁路老挝司机 颂赛·劳利翁见证中老铁路沿线发展，该铁路是“一带一路”倡议下的旗舰项目，使老挝从内陆国变为陆联国的故事。
1. 考查名词性从句。句意：这是中老铁路上的老挝司机颂赛·劳利翁在过去两年半里所观察到的。根据空格前的is可知，空格处引导表语从句，且从句中动词bserve后缺少宾语，需要what引导从句。故填what。
2. 考查介词。句意： 作为一名在万象和边城磨丁之间往来的火车司机，他可以看到沿途越来越多的房屋和工厂被建起。between… and … 为固定搭配，意为“在……和……之间”。故填between。
3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名在万象和边城磨丁之间往来的火车司机，他可以看到沿途越来越多的房屋和工厂被建起。空格处作宾语补足语，动词build和宾语huses and factries之间为逻辑上的被动关系，且动作正在进行，应用现在分词的被动式。故填being built。
4. 考查定语从句。句意：这条1035公里长的铁路是中国提出的“一带一路”倡议的旗舰项目，连接了中国西南部云南省省会昆明和老挝首都万象。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代先行词railway，应用关系代词 which引导从句。故填which。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意：中老铁路采用中国技术标准，是中国首个由中国企业出资承建、与中国铁路网对接的国际铁路项目。空格处作状语，主句主语the China- Las Railway与adpt存在主谓关系，用现在分词形式。故填Adpting。
6.考查副词。句意：中老铁路采用中国技术标准，是中国首个由中国企业出资承建、与中国铁路网对接的国际铁路项目。空格处作状语，修饰过去分词短语 funded and built by Chinese cmpanies，应用副词形式。故填primarily。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意：中老铁路采用中国技术标准，是中国首个由中国企业出资承建、与中国铁路网对接的国际铁路项目。空格处作后置定语，被修饰名词prject与动词cnnect为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填cnnected。
8.考查动词的时态和被动语态。句意：自2020年6月以来，老中铁路公司已招聘培训老挝研修生，800多名老挝员工被分配到特定岗位，占学员总数的90%以上。空格处作谓语，根据前一分句可推知主语ver 90 percent f the trainees与assign之间为被动关系, 且根据时间状语 since 可知应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填 have been assigned。
9. 考查代词。句意：中老铁路开启了老挝由内陆国向陆联国转变的“发展新阶段”。根据空格前的动词transfrm可知，空格处作宾语，itself 在此处指代 the Las 老挝。故填itself。
10. 考查名词。句意：铁路保持运量增效向好态势，客货运业务蓬勃发展。根据 and并列结构可知，空格处应填名词和 vlume构成并列关系，结合句意“效率”是efficiency，为不可数名词。故填efficiency。
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
45. 假定你是李华，上周末你体验了一次无人驾驶出租车，请给你的英国好朋友Chris写一封邮件分享你的体验，内容包括：1. 体验过程；2. 你的感受和看法！
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris,
I hpe this letter finds yu well.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Chris,
I hpe this email finds yu well. I had a remarkable experience with a self- driving taxi last weekend and can’t wait t share it with yu.
Stepping int the taxi was like entering a future wrld. It started smthly and autmatically fllwing the planned rute, thus bringing me a sense f calmness. Alng the way, it adjusted its speed and directin effrtlessly, which was truly astnishing.
This technlgy is incredibly advanced and shws great ptential fr making transprtatin mre efficient and cnvenient. Hwever, I als can’t help thinking abut safety cncerns and the need fr cmprehensive safety measures.
Overall, my first ride in the self- driving taxi was impressive. I can’t wait t see hw this technlgy will shape ur lives in the years t cme.
Hpe yu’re als having exciting adventures! Write back sn!
Best wishes,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
46. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Butterfly in A Bttle
Pltu was awakened frm a marvellus dream where he was abut t receive the trphy fr winning the inter-schl ftball match. The alarm’s lud ring jlted him,but he wasn’t t disheartened.
He rushed t his study table where an empty jam bttle held a clurful little butterfly. Catching it had been a hard task as it kept aviding his grasp, but finally he managed withut a net. This butterfly was ging t be part f his bilgy prject in schl.
The bilgy prject required Pltu t submit the study f a living creature every mnth. Mst f his classmates drew diagrams frm their bks as part f this exercise. But Pltu was ging t d smething different. He was ging t present a live creature -this butterfly.
Pltu lved the different clurs n the wings f the butterfly-red, green and blue. Hw beautiful it lked when it fluttered the wings. Pltu had been caring fr it, making hles in the bttle cap fr air and prviding tenderleaves fr it t eat.
Excited abut displaying his exhibit t the bilgy teacher, Pltu dressed hurriedly, and left fr schl. His schl was walking distance frm his huse. He tk a shrtcut thrugh the backyardf Sinha aunty’s huse, a stretch he lved walking thrugh. The breeze was very pleasant as it had rained slightly the previus night. The garden smelt f sweet-smelling flwers. Pltu glanced at his bttle every nw and then and smiled at the butterfly fluttering its wings.
When he reached schl, the gate wasn’t whlly pen yet. Fr nce, Pltu was early t schl. A few bys were playing ftball n the field. Any ther day wuld have seen Pltu jining them withut a secnd thught. But tday, he walked straight int his class. He pened the windw and placed the bttle n the windwsill(窗台).
The glden rays f the sun streamed thrugh the glass, n the delicate wings f the butterfly, and added brightness t them. Pltu’s butterfly lked simply grgeus. In a fewminutes, the area was full f bys, watching it in surprise.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
That day’s bilgy class was the mst interesting in a lng time.
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Suddenly, the butterfly didn’t mve.
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【参考范文】
That day’s bilgy class was the mst interesting in a lng time. The teacher was thrughly impressed by Pltu’s presentatin f the live butterfly. He used it as a starting pint fr a lively discussin abut the life f butterflies, their rles in nature and the imprtance f prtecting such creatures. The classmates crwded arund and listened attentively, asking questins and sharing their wn thughts as Pulte shared his experiences. The classrm buzzed with excitement and a thirst fr knwledge. Everyne was engaged and learning in a way that was fun and memrable.
Suddenly, the butterfly did nt mve. A hush fell ver everyne as they held their breaths, cncern stamped n their faces. Was the butterfly unwell? Panic began t rise within Pltu. But after a tense mment, the butterfly mved again, as if taking a mment f rest. A cllective sigh f relief filled the air. This brief scare made everyne realize the vulnerability and resilience f life. In the end, Pltu, having learned and shared s much abut the butterfly, made the decisin t send the butterfly t where it belnged- nature. With a gentle release, the butterfly fluttered away. a symbl f freedm and the beauty.