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2022年高考英语试卷（上海）（春考）
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这是一份2022年高考英语试卷（上海）（春考），文件包含2022年高考英语试卷上海春考答案卷doc、2022年高考英语试卷上海春考doc、2022年高考英语试卷上海春考听力音频mp3等3份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共33页， 欢迎下载使用。
英语试卷
（满分140分，考试时间120分钟）
I. Listening Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1. A. By the shuttle bus.B. By a friend's private car.
C. By the subway.D. By a shared bike.
2. A. Academic prblems.B. A tur f Pearl Lake University.
C. A Weekend travel plan.D. The mtt f Pearl Lake University.
3. A. The lady will g hiking next week.
B. The lady tk her kitten t the clinic last week.
C. The man cares abut the wman.
D. The man didn't g hiking last week.
4. A. He wants t travel t Shanghai.B. He has fund a suitable jb.
C. He graduated last mnth.D. His hmetwn may be Nantng.
5. A. Silent.B. Crazy.
C. Relieved.D. Depressed.
6. A. He wants the huse t have a garage and a garden.
B. He just wants a space t sunbathe in his huse.
C. He wants t buy a villa.
D. He likes Eurpean style decratin.
7. A. He is crazy abut reading.B. He likes the decratin style f the library.
C. He is a knwledgeable cllege student.D. He is a librarian.
8. A. She likes similar car mdels.
B. She prmised a refund within a week.
C. She encuraged the man t buy the mdel car.
D. She has sld a lt f cars.
9. A. He wants t leave the cmpany.
B. He is the prject leader f the cmpany.
C. He thinks their hard wrk will be wasted.
D. He will annunce the prgress f the prject.
10. A. His child came hme late and had n fd.
B. He has spared sme fd fr his child.
C. The whle family waited the child came back fr dinner.
D. He was very angry with his child's behavir.
Sectin B
Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear tw passages and ne lnger cnversatin. After each passage r cnverstin, yu will be asked several questins. The passages and the cnversatin will be read twice, but the questin will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
Questins 11 thrugh 13 are based n the fllwing passage.
11. A. Methd fr srting ut refrigeratr sundries.
B. Preparatin methd f weight lss meal.
C. Strategies t avid excessive pre-dinner snacks
D. The fd n the plate is mre delicius.
12. A. Yu can eat fried fd befre dinner.
B. Yu can't eat any fd befre dinner.
C. Yu can nly put yur pre meal snacks n the plate.
D. Yu can have a slice f tast in the afternn.
13. A. This can reduce fd intake.B. This can aggravate peple's bdy anxiety.
C. This will make us eat mre.D. This avids making cmplex dinners.
Questins 14 thrugh 16 are based n the fllwing passage.
14. A. 3,000 billin trees.B. 400 billin trees.
C. 50 millin trees.D. 15 billin trees.
15. A. Russia has always ranked first in the number f trees.
B. Trees wuld be gne in the future at current remval rate.
C. Peple will plant trees n the cultivated land.
D. It is impssible t calculate the ttal number f trees.
16. A. T stp peple frm building huses endlessly.
B. T draw peple's attentin t the imprtance f trees.
C. T call n peple t prtect the hmes f wild animals.
D. T attract peple t study the grwth envirnment f trees.
Questins 17 thrugh 20 are based n the fllwing cnversatin.
17. A. Persnal travel plan.B. Travel experience.
C. Party dress.D. Organizatin f wrk.
18. A. Jerry will travel by high-speed rail. B. Jerry is Helen's cusin.
C. Jerry's parents live in Nanjing. D. Jerry is resting in his apartment nw.
19. A. She knws the bss there. B. She bked the table a mnth earlier.
C. Her friend wrks in this restaurant. D. She has a nble status.
20. A. Ging fr a picnic in the frest park.
B. Resting in the apartment.
C. Ging t the Dming restaurant fr dinner.
D. Ging t Shanghai Museum. ,
II. Grammar and Vcabulary
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passages cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
The Lights f Aurra
On the night f 2 September 1859, the dark sky ver Eurpe and Nrth America was suddenly full f light. The light did nt cme frm the sun r the mn—and it had a strange clur. The light mved acrss the sky, (21) ________ (cme) and ging, like cluds in a strng wind. In the United States, a man in Bstn was using the telegraph t speak t a man in Prtland, 160 km away. They bth turned ff the electricity fr the telegraph, but (22) ________ culd still speak t each ther fr the next tw hurs. The electricity was cming frm the light in the sky. Hw was this pssible? And what was the light in the sky?
The light is called the aurra. Usually, yu can see it nly at the very nrth f the earth, (23)________ it is called aurra brealis r Nrthern Lights, r at the very suth, where it is the aurra australis r Suthern Lights. But in 1859, smething happened in the sun—a very large strm—and it mved the aurra acrss the middle f the earth. We d nt think that his ever happened befre 1859, and we knw that it (24) ________ (nt happen) since then.
Why des the aurra happen? And why can we nly see it at the tp r bttm f the earth? The aurra is made by smething (25) ________ (call) the ‘slar wind’ (wind frm the sun). We cannt see this wind, r tuch it. It is a wind f particles that travel away frm the sun all the time at abut 400 kilmetres a secnd. Mst f the particles never tuch the earth. The earth has a kind f ‘wall’ arund it that defends it (26) ________ these particles. This wall is called the earth's magnetic field, and it pushes the particles away n either side. But the earth's magnetic field has tw ‘windws’ in it: the magnetic nrth, and the magnetic suth. At these places, the earth's magnetic field turns dwn int the earth. And sme f the particles frm the slar wind cme thrugh these magnetic ‘windws’. These slar particles crash int the particles that are already in ur sky. And (27) ________ this happens, we see the beautiful lines r cluds f light f the aurra.
Alaska is a gd place (28) ________ (see) the aurra brealis, and yu can als g t places like Iceland, Siberia, the nrth f Greenland, Nrway, Sweden, and Sctland. T see the aurra australis, g t the suth f Australia, Tasmania, r New Zealand.
Peple travel thusands f kilmetres t see the aurra, and they can never be sure (29)________ it will happen. But (30) ________ d see it say that they will never frget it.
Sectin B
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the wrds in the bx. Each wrd can nly be used nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
A. characteristics B. diverse C. emply D. functin E. issue
F. integratin G. hit H. military I. ptential J. schemes K. wearers
Future Fashin: Bimetric Bdysuits
A team f the Applied NanBiscience Center at Arizna State University has built prttypes (原型) f bimetric bdysuits. They can detect chemical attacks, deliver drugs t their (31) ________, r even perfume scents if yur bdy temperature rises t much. The (32)________ versin f the Scentsry Chamelen Bdysuit incrprates fuel cells t prvide a lightweight surce f pwer fr the sldier's equipment. The civilian ne can mnitr yur heart r bld pressure, deliver interactive games r simply wrk as a wearable cmputer. Yu will even be able t dwnlad new clrs and patterns frm the Web t change yur appearance accrding t this article frm East Valley Tribune in Arizna. Bth versins shuld (33) ________ the market within a few years.
Frederic Zenhausern, directr f the Applied NanBiscience Center at ASU, has jined with Ghassan Jabbur, a prfessr at the University f Arizna, t develp tw prttypes f “bimetric bdysuits” that cntain embedded sensrs, pwer surces, micrfluidic devices and ther gadgets nt nrmally assciated with the latest Paris fashins. Such “smart” clthing culd (34) ________ future sldiers early warning f chemical attacks r autmatically deliver insulin t diabetics, Zenhausemn said. “The bimetric bdysuit shws hw electrnics and fluidics (流体学) can be incrprated int clthing t perfrm a wide range f (35) ________ tasks, frm highly functinal t the aesthetic.” he said.
The civilian Chamelen will have smewhat different (36) ________. Its bimetric utfit demnstrates hw miniature electrnics culd be embedded in clthing t prmte health. It is made f clear vinyl (乙烯基) and white plastics t shw the placement f varius electrnic and fluidic devices. In the future, such an utfit culd diagnse diseases and deliver medicatins t the wearer, mnitr heart rate r bld pressure, deliver interactive games and ther frms f entertainment r (37) ________ as a wearable cmputer.
Anther pssibility wuld be t dwnlad different designs frm the Internet s the fabri culd change clrs and patterns, Zenhausern said. And it culd all be made t lk stylish by the (38) ________ f electrnics and high-fashin designs, he said. In fact, the cncept f embedding micrelectrnics in fabrics has (39) ________ far beynd clthing. Sheila Kennedy, a Bstn-based architect and visiting prfessr at the Harvard University Graduate Schl f Design, sees pssibilities t (40) ________ the technlgy in building design. As an example, she said windw shades cntaining rganic light emitting dides (二极管) culd prduce electricity frm sunlight that wuld help generate pwer.
III. Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A,
B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
Artificially sweetened diet drinks make n difference t weight gain and shuld nt be seen as healthier than their sugar-laden cunterparts, accrding t a team f experts. A review f research evidence cncludes there is nthing t supprt claims that sugar-free versins f ppular sft drinks can help (41) ________ besity and related diseases such as Type 2 diabetes. Industry-spnsred studies reprting “favurable” assciatins between diet drinks and weight lss may be biased, it claims.
There have been cncerns that diet drinks, knwn as artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs), might lead peple t cnsume mre calries by (42) ________ sweet flavur taste buds. The new study fund that evidence (43) ________ the healthiness f ASBs was incnclusive with randmised cntrlled trials (RCTs) prducing mixed results. Senir investigatr Prfessr Christpher Millett said: “A cmmn perceptin, which may be influenced by industry marketing, is that because ‘diet' drinks have n sugar, they must be healthier and aid weight lss when used as a(n) (44) ________ fr full sugar versins.” Hwever, we fund n slid evidence t supprt this.
The researchers pinted ut that research supprted by fd r beverage cmpanies was mre likely t find n evidence f links between sugary drink (45) ________ and besity than nn- industry spnsred research. Similarly, ASB industry-spnsred research was “mre likely t reprt favurable results and (46) ________ regarding ASB effects n weight cntrl”.
In many cases, researchers had failed t disclse (47) ________ f interest relating t links with the fd industry, it was claimed. C-authr Dr Maria Carlina Brges said: “The lack f slid evidence n the health effects f ASBs and the ptential influence f bias frm industry funded studies shuld be taken seriusly when discussing whether ASBs are (48) ________ alternatives t SSBs ( sugar-sweetened beverages). ”
Leading British nutritinist Prfessr Susan Jebb said despite the mixed evidence, there was n reasn t believe that replacing sugary drinks with artificially sweetened (49) ________ did any harm. She said: “Fr peple seeking t manage their weight, tap water is (50) ________ the best drink t chse, fr health and the envirnment, but fr many peple wh are used t drinking sugary drinks, this will be t hard a change t (51) ________ Artificially sweetened drinks are a step in the (52 ) ________ directin t cut calries.” Dietician Prfessr Tm Sanders, was als critical f the research, calling it “an pinin piece rather than a(n) (53) ________ review f the evidence”. He (54) ________: “The cnclusin that reduced sugar r sugar-free drinks shuld nt be prmted r seen as part f a healthy diet seems unwarranted and likely t add t public (55) ________.”
41. A. relieve B. ppse C. prevent D. bther
42. A. inserting B. stimulating C. enhancing D. securing
43. A. resulting frm B. referring t C. depending n D. relating t
44. A. substitute B. prpsal C. suspect D. implicatin
45. A. efficiency B. cnsumptin C. distributin D. mdernizatin
46. A. appintments B. instructins C. perfrmances D. cnclusins
47. A. threats B. matters C. cnflicts D. appeals
48. A. adequate B. essential C. available D. deliberate
49. A. initiatives B. alternatives C. bjectives D. representatives
50. A. withut questinB. beynd descriptin
C. arund the crnerD. in cnsequence
51. A. settle B. rute C. mend D. make
52. A. wrng B. right C. prper D. ppsite
53. A. demcratic B. autmatic C. systematic D. dramatic
54. A. transferred B. ranged C. accessed D. added
55. A. fascinatin B. ambitin C. cnfusin D. islatin
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
If a single wrd can describe ur daily life during thse first three years, it is “scrunge” (讨要). Every waking mment we were cncentrating n hw the hell we wuld be able t save up enugh dugh (面团;钱) t d whatever it was we had t d. Usually it was just break even. And there's nthing rmantic abut it, either. Remember the famus stanza in Omar Khayyam? Yu knw, the bk f verses underneath the bugh, the laf f bread, the jug f wine and s frth? Substitute Sctt n Trusts fr that bk f verses and see hw this petic visin stacks up against my idyllic existence. Ah, paradise? N, bullshit. All I'd think abut is hw much that bk was (culd we get it secndhand?) and where, if anywhere, we might be able t charge that bread and wine. And then hw we might ultimately scrunge up the dugh t pay ff ur debts.
Life changes. Even the simplest decisin must be scrutinized by the ever vigilant budget cmmittee f yur mind.
“Hey, Oliver, let's g see Becket tnight.”
“Listen, it's three bucks.”
“What d yu mean?”
“I mean a buck fifty fr yu and a buck fifty fr me.”
“Des that mean yes r n?”
“Neither. It just means three bucks.”
Our hneymn was spent n a yacht and with twenty-ne children. That is, I sailed a thirty-six-ft Rhdes frm seven in the mrning till whenever my passengers had enugh, and Jenny was a children's cunselr. It was a place called the Pequd Bat Club in Dennis Prt (nt far frm Hyannis), an establishment that included a large htel, a marina and several dzen huses fr rent. In ne f the tinier bungalws, I have nailed an imaginary plaque (匾牌): “Oliver and Jenny slept here.” I think it's a tribute t us bth that after a lng day f being kind t ur custmers, fr we were largely dependent n their tips fr ur incme, Jenny and I were nnetheless kind t each ther. I simply say “kind”, because I lack the vcabulary t describe what lving and being lved by Jennifer Cavilleri is like. Srry, I mean Jennifer Barrett.
Befre leaving fr the Cape, we fund a cheap apartment in Nrth Cambridge. I called it Nrth Cambridge, althugh the address was technically in the twn f Smerville and the huse was, as Jenny described it, “in the state f disrepair”. It had riginally been a tw-family structure，nw cnverted int fur apartments, verpriced even at its “cheap” rental. But what the hell can graduate students d? It's a seller's market.
56. What can we learn frm the cnversatin between Oliver and Jenny?
A. Nne f them wanted t see Becket.
B. They didn't have three bucks.
C. Jenny was wasting mney.
D. Oliver was a thrifty man.
57. Why were Oliver and Jenny friendly t custmers?
A. They were bth cunselrs fr children.
B. They needed t get tips frm custmers.
C. They didn't have enugh rm t live in.
D. That was the rule n the yacht.
58. By “in the state f disrepair”, the authr implies that ________.
A. the apartment was very cheap
B. the apartment was very expensive
C. their accmdatin is nt decent
D. their accmdatin is very decent
59. Which f the fllwing might be the best title f the passage?
A. A cuple's debt repayment prcess.
B. A cuple's hneymn trip.
C. A cuple's hard life.
D. A cuple's life n a yacht.
(B)
Summer Camp Rules
Whether it's yur child's first year at camp, r they are a seasned camper and need a little refresher, it's a gd idea t g ver summer camp rules and guidelines befre leaving fr camp. Camp rules are in place t keep the camp cmmunity safe and camp peratins running smthly thrughut their stay.
1. Keep Yur Persnal Space Clean
Since yur child will be in clse quarters with many ther campers, it's imprtant that they understand the necessity f keeping their sleeping and living areas rganized.
G ver ways fr yur child t stay rganized and tidy befre they leave fr camp. When packing, make sure t prvide a laundry bag t keep clean and dirty clthing separate. Utillize under bed space r put clthes n yur shelves r cubbies rather than living ut f yur suitcase r camp trunk.
It als helps t nt ver pack. Fllw packing list guidelines clsely s yur child can find what they need withut having t dig thrugh piles f clthing that were nt recmmended. This als helps yu child knw what they have in their luggage s they pull ut the sweatshirt when it gets cld, instead f thinking there wasn't ne in their bag. Remind yur child f their camp accunt s they can purchase items frm the camp stre if necessary.
2. Valuables at Camp
As a best practice, we recmmend leaving all valuables at hme. Even if yur child has a bracelet r necklace that they never take ff, there is still the chance that it culd be lst while swimming r participating in camp activities.
If yu are thinking abut bringing an expensive item f clthing, be prepared fr it t get lst r damaged. Yu may be better ff buying a new, less expensive versin. T be n the safe side, dn't let yur child bring anything irreplaceable r emtinally valuable t camp.
3. Play Nice
Name calling, fighting, bullying, and arguing are strictly prhibited at summer camp. Camp is a place t make friends, s aggressive behavir is nt tlerated. Remind yur child that they dn't have t be everybdy's best friend, but they d have t be friendly t everyne.
Encurage yur child t g int camp with the mindset f making a few new friends, and chances are they will leave camp having made mre than a few.
4. Have Fun and Try New Things
At the end f the day, summer camp is abut getting ut f yur cmfrt zne, trying new things, and having a blast. Befre yur child leaves fr camp, cngratulate them fr being brave enugh t try sleepaway camp in the first place. Let them knw that they’ve already wn just by trying, and the fun part is just abut t begin. Remind them again that summer camp rules exist nly t imprve the verall camp experience and t create a cmmunity f fun.
60. What is the purpse f clarifying the rules f summer camp?
A. Enrich children's summer camp peratin.
B. Ensure the safety f children participating in summer camp.
C. Cultivate children's ability t survive in the wild.
D. Help children develp gd cleaning habits.
61. Which f the fllwing behavirs is advcated by the summer camp?
A. Take yur favrite valuables.
B. Fight with camping friends.
C. Avid participating in hazardus activities.
D. Keep persnal camping supplies in rder.
62. What is the passage mainly abut?
A. Enjy the unique fun brught by new things.
B. Make gd friends wherever yu are.
C. Fllw the rules f summer camp.
D. Get enugh sleep befre camping.
(C)
Cnservatinists g t war ver whether humans are the measure f nature's value. New Cnservatinists argue such trade-ffs are necessary in this human-dminated epch. And they supprt “re-wilding”, a cncept riginally prpsed by Sule where peple curtail ecnmic grwth and withdraw frm landscapes, which then return t nature.
New Cnservatinists believe the withdrawal culd happen tgether with ecnmic grwth. The Califrnia-based Breakthrugh Institute believes in a future where mst peple live in cities and rely less n natural resurces fr ecnmic grwth.
They wuld get fd frm industrial agriculture, including genetically mdified fds, desalinatin, intensified meat prductin and aquaculture, all f which have a smaller land ftprint. And they wuld get their energy frm renewables and natural gas.
Driving these prfund shifts wuld be greater efficiency f prductin, where mre prducts culd be manufactured frm fewer inputs. And sme unsustainable cmmdities wuld be replaced in the market by ther, greener nes—natural gas fr cal, fr instance, explained Michael Shellenberger, president f the Breakthrugh Institute. Nature wuld, in essence, be decupled frm the ecnmy.
And then he added a caveat: “We are nt suggesting decupling as the paradigm t save the wrld, r that it slves all the prblems r eliminates all the trade-ffs.”
Cynics (悲观者) may say all this sunds t utpian , but Breakthrugh maintains the wrld is already n this path tward decupling. Nwhere is this mre evident than in the United States, accrding t Idd Wernick, a research schlar at the Rckefeller University, wh has examined the natin's use f 100 main cmmdities.
Wernick and his clleagues lked at data carefully frm the U.S. Gelgical Survey Natinal Minerals Infrmatin Center, which keeps a recrd f cmmdities used frm 1900 thrugh the present day. They fund that the use f 36 cmmdities (sand, ire re, cttn, etc.) in the U.S. ecnmy had peaked.
Anther 53 cmmdities (nitrgen, timber, beef, etc.) are being used mre efficiently per dllar value f grss dmestic prduct than in the pre-1970s era. Their use wuld peak sn, Wernick said.
Only 11 cmmdities (industrial diamnd, indium, chicken, etc.) are increasing in use (Greenwire, Nv. 6), and mst f these are emplyed by industries in small quantities t imprve systems prcesses. Chicken use is rising because peple are eating less beef, a desirable develpment since pultry cultivatin has a smaller envirnmental ftprint.
The numbers shw the United States has nt intensified resurce cnsumptin since the 1970s even while increasing its GDP and ppulatin, said Jesse Ausubel f the Rckefeller University.
“It seems like the 20th-century expectatin we had, we were always assuming the future entailed greater cnsumptin f resurces,” Ausubel said. “But what we are seeing in the develped cuntries is, f curse, peaks.”
63. What des the underlined wrd “trade-ffs” refer t in the first paragraph?
A. The balance between human develpment and natural eclgy.
B. The prfitability f imprt and exprt trade.
C. The cnsumptin f natural resurces by industrial develpment.
D. The difficult plight f ecnmic grwth.
64. Which f the fllwing is true f the views f the new envirnmentalists?
A. They believe that mankind shuld live in frests with rich vegetatin.
B. They believe that mankind will need mre natural resurces in the future.
C. They believe that mankind is the master f the whle universe.
D. They believe that mankind shuld limit ecnmic grwth.
65. What can we infer frm the last paragraph f the passage?
A. Natural resurces cannt supprt ecnmic develpment.
B. Mre resurce cnsumptin will nt ccur in a certain perid f time.
C. Excessive resurce cnsumptin will nt affect the eclgical envirnment.
D. All resurce cnsumptin in develped cuntries has reached a peak.
66. What is the passage mainly abut?
A. Urbanizatin and re-wildness.
B. Human existence and industrial develpment.
C. Sciecnmic develpment and resurce cnsumptin.
D. Cmmdity trading and raw material develpment.
Sectin C
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the sentences in the bx. Each sentence can nly be used nce. Nte that there are tw sentences mre than yu need.
Shuld Writers Be Paid fr Their E-bks Lent by Libraries?
When libraries lend bks t the public, authrs and publishers receive remuneratin frm the Gvernment under the Lending Rights schemes. (67) ________ Is this fair?
This year, the gvernment has distributed almst a $22 millin under these Public Lending Rights and Educatinal Lending Rights Schemes. Fr each bk in public library cllectins, creatrs receive $2.11 and publishers receive $0.52.
The amunt that each claimant receives is ften nt very significant, with the majrity f authrs receiving between $100-500 annually. Still, a previus study has revealed that this remuneratin cnstitutes the secnd mst imprtant surce f incme fr creatrs frm their creative wrk.
bks, hwever, are nt cvered by these Lending Rights schemes. (68) ________
But e-bk lending is increasing and, accrding t the Australian Library and Infrmatin Assciatin, e-bks are likely t reach 20% f library hldings by 2020. Als, mst, if nt all, self-published titles are dne s in digital frmat nly. Such self-published titles, if lent by libraries, wuld nt qualify fr any remuneratin.
(69) ________ Althugh the Bk Industry Cllabrative Cuncil made such prpsal already in a reprt f 2013, nthing has happened f yet.
One f the main reasns why e-bks are nt cvered is that e-bk lending is quite different frm print bk lending. In case f print bks, authrs and publishers are arguably lsing n custmers and revenues when libraries lan their bks fr free.
Creatrs nly receive $2.11 and publishers receive $0.52 fr each bk in public library cllectins.
At present, in the case f e-bks, many publishers chse nt t sell these bks t libraries. (70) ________
While publishers charge libraries high prices fr e-bks, writers cmplain that these amunts d nt reach them. Publishing cntracts ften dn't specify whether and hw much authrs receive fr e-bks sales r fr e-lending.
IV. Summary Writing
71. Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Neurscientists usually define a singular memry as an engram (记忆印记)—a physical change in brain tissue assciated with a particular recllectin. Recently, brain scans revealed that an engram isn't islated t ne regin f the brain and instead manifests as a clrful splattering acrss the neural tissue. “A memry lks mre like a web in the brain than a single spt,” says neurscientist and Natinal Gegraphic Explrer Steve Ramirez f Bstn University. That's because when a memry is created, it includes all the visual, auditry, and tactile inputs that make an experience memrable, and brain cells are encded frm all f thse regins.
Nw, scientists are even able t track hw memries mve acrss the brain, like detectives finding ftprints in the snw. While at MIT in 2013, Ramirez and his research partner Xu Liu had a breakthrugh: They were able t target the cells that make up ne engram in a muse's brain and then implant a false memry. In their wrk, mice reacted in fear t a particular stimulus even when they had nt been cnditined in advance. While muse brains are less advanced than the human equivalent, Ramirez says they can still help neurscientists understand hw ur memries wrk, t.
In their current wrk, Ramirez and his clleagues are investigating whether psitive and negative memries are stred in different grups f brain cells, and whether negative memries can be “verwritten” by psitive nes. T prep mice fr the experiments, the team injects the animals’ brains with a virus that cntains flurescent prteins and surgically implants ptic fibers. The mice are then given a diet that prevents the virus frm flurescing until the researchers are ready t tag a psitive r negative experience. Psitive memries are created by putting male mice in cages with female mice fr an hur, and negative memries are created by putting the mice in cages that deliver brief ft shcks. Once the mice have been cnditined t assciate certain triggers with each experience, they underg a shrt surgical peratin s the scientists can stimulate the cells assciated with the psitive r negative engrams.
They are finding that activating psitive memries while a muse is in a cage it assciates with fear makes that muse less fearful. Using a different technique, University f Trnt neurscientist Sheena Jsselyn was able t cmpletely eliminate fear memries in mice.
V. Translatin
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
72.他已经几十年没见过如此壮美的日出了。(since)
73.小张昨天在田里播下种子, 期待来年的丰收。(sw)
74.鉴于不熟悉用手机打车的老人不在少数, 这家公司提供了一系列服务来满足他们的需求。(a few)
75.正是因为贯彻了“顾客为本”的理念, 那家落寞已久的社区商场才得以重回大众视线。 (it)
VI. Guided Writing
Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120- - 150 wrds accrding t the instructins given
belw in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学高三学生李明, 入冬以来，你校组织全校师生每周一至周五晨跑时间为7:30—7:50, 休息5分钟后上第一节课。但有同学反映, 晨跑后身体不适, 因此学校委托学生会征询大家对晨跑的意见。请你给学生会写一封邮件, 内容必须包括：
(1) 你认为该晨跑安排中存在的问题；
(2) 你的改进建议及理由。
绝密★启用前
2022年1月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）
英语试卷 答案
（满分140分，考试时间120分钟）
1. Listening Cmprehensin(共25分。1-10 每题1分;11- 20 每题1.5分。)
1-10 ABBDC 6- 10 BACCB 11-13 CDA 14- 16 ABB 17- 20 ACBA
II. Grammar and Vcabulary(共20分。每小题1分。)
21. cming 22. they 23. where 24. has nt happened 25. called 26. against
27. when/as 28. t see 29. that 30. whever
III. Reading Cmprehensin(共45分。41- 55 每题1分;56- 70每题2分。)
31- 40 KHGEB ADFIC 41- 55 CBDAB DCABA DBCDC
56- 59 DBCC 60- 62 BDC 63- 66 ADBC
67- 70 ABFC
IV. Summary Writing(共10分。)
71. Pssible 1: Memry is like a net in the brain. Scientists can even track the mvement f memry in the brain. At present, Sheena Jsselyn, a neurscientist at the University f Trnt, has used mice as experimental bjects, using a different technlgy, which can cmpletely eliminate the fear memry f mice. (49 wrds)
Pssible 2: Recently, brain scans revealed that an engram isn't islated t ne regin f the brain and instead manifests as a clrful splattering acrss the neural tissue. Scientists nt nly tracked the mvement f memry in the brain, but als studied the strage lcatin and interactin between psitive memry and negative memry. (51 Wrds)
V. Translatin(共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)
72. It is/It has been decades since he saw such a magnificent sunrise/s magnificent a sunshine.
Or: Decades has passed since he last witnessed the impsing/ glrius/ splendid/impressive/ spectacular sunrise.
Or: He hasn't seen such a magnificent sunrise in decades/ since decades ag.
73. Xia Zhang swed the seeds in the field yesterday, expecting a gd harvest next year.
Or: Xia Zhang swed the seeds in the field yesterday, lking frward t a gd harvest in the cming year.
Or: Xia Zhang swed in the field yesterday, in (the) hpe f having a gd harvest fr the cming year.
74. Given (the fact) that/In cnsideratin f the fact that/In (the) light f the fact that/In view f the fact that/ Cnsidering (that) quite a few elderly peple/senir citizens are unfamiliar with/ are nt familiar with/are nt skilled in taking a taxi with mbile phne/ using mbile phne t take a taxi, this cmpany ffers/ prvides/ presents/ furnishes/ affrds/ 'supplies a series f/a range f/an array f services t respnd t/ cater t/ meet satisfy serve/ answer/address their needs/ demands.
75. It was because f the implementatin f the “custmer-riented/ custmer-based/ custmer-first” principle/ philsphy that this lng-filing/ almst- deserted/ dead-silent/ lifeless cmmunity shpping mall returned t public's attentin/regained public's attentin/came back t the sight f the public.
Or: It was because the “custmer-riented” principle/ philsphy was implemented that this cmmunity shpping mall failing/that had been failing fr a lng time regained public's attentin.
V. Guided Writing(共25分。)
76.
Dear Student Unin,
Having learnt ur schl has been rganizing the mrning running frm 7:30 a.m. t 7:50 a.m. in this winter, I am writing t share my views and suggestins.
It is cnceivable that mrning wrkut exerts a psitive impact n ur health. Hwever, this arrangement des lead t sme unfavrable results. T begin with, ur schl seems t fail t take int accunt the fact that we can't resist the temptatin f a warm bed in winter, let alne run fr 20 minutes in freezing cld wind. Things can g wrng n a big scale if we lack f sleep and intense exercise may make us feel dizzy. Mrever, since the first class begins nly five minutes after the wrkut, students may have difficulties in cncentrating in class and lead t dzing ff eventually. If things g n like this, students’ academic perfrmance will leave much t be desired.
One helpful step is t ask students t g fr a run in the late afternn instead f the early mrning. In this way, there is n denying that students can benefit frm physical training withut psing a threat t their health. Anther pssibility is t take a gradual apprach t exercise. Let students get used t running by nt running t fast at first r reduce the amunt f time students spend running.
T summarize, running in the late afternn can be an effective way t help prmte students' well-being and ensure learning efficiency. I d hpe that my suggestins will be taken int cnsideratin.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Ming
2022年1月上海高考英语听力文本
1. M:Wuld yu like me t give yu a ride t the airprt. The subway system has brken dwn.
W: It's very kind f yu, but there is a shuttle service.
Q: Hw will the wman mst prbably get t the airprt?
2. W: I heard yu made a tur f Pearl Lake university last Sunday.
M: Yes, we arrived at 8 'clck,and then tw senir students shwed us arund the campus. We were deeply impressed.
Q: What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
3.W:I missed the hiking last week. I had t take my kitten t the clinic.
M: What a pity! Is she al right nw?
Q: What can be learned frm the cnversatin?
4. W: Are yu ging back t Nantng after graduatin next mnth?
M:I think s. After I graduate, I'I g back hme and try t get a jb there.
Q:What can be learned abut the man?
5. M: Have yu gt any news abut the muntain climbers?
W:The rescue team fund them? Thank gdness. They survived the cld.
Q:Hw des the wman mst prbably fee?
6.W: D yu have any idea f ur future huse? Fr me,I dn't particularly care whether it has gt a garden r a garage.
M: Me, neither,I need just a little bit f space t sit ut in when it's warm.
Q:What des the man mean?
7.M: S yu want t turn this rm int a mini library?
W: My sn is a keen reader.
Q: What can be learned abut the wman sn?
8. M:I am wndering whether I shuld buy this mdel car. I already have a very similar ne
W:I see n reasn nt t.Yu are entitled t a refund within a week if yu dn't like it.
Q: What des the wman imply?
9. W : Yu knw what. The bss annunced that the prject we've been wrking n will be
abandned.
M: S, ur 8 mnths hard wrk just ges dwn the drain.
Q: What des the man mean?
10.W: Srry, dad, I'm hme late.
M: We've all had ur supper, but I've set aside a bite fr yu.
Q:What des the man mean?
Sectin B
Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear tw passages and a lnger cnversatin, and yu will be asked several questins n each f the passages and the cnversatin. The passages and the cnversatin will be read twice, but the questin will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
Questins 11 thrugh 13 are based n the fllwing passage.
Can't resist picking frm the fridge r cupbard befre dinner? A little cheese, sme biscuits and apple, It never seems like much. Yet, by the time dinner cmes arund, yu are full. If this is yu, here are tw strategies t help yu ut. Think abut what yu are eating earlier in the day.If yu are having a light lunch, then trying t last until dinner, yu may be ding harm t yurself. By leaving it t lng between fd stps, yu will get t hungry and vereat at dinner.Instead, try having a slice f tast r a piece f fruit and a cup f ygurt at abut 3:30 pm. This shuld keep yu ging until dinner. S yu can resist the pre-dinner snacking. The ther strategy is that if yu d have a snack befre dinner,put it n a plate, instead f picking and paying n attentin t what yu are eating, arrange sme fd prperly n a small plate, then sit dwn t eat yur snack. Simply by ding this, yu will eat a lt less and still be ready fr the main event.
Questins.
11.What is the speaker mainly talking abut?
12.What des the speaker suggest yu d if yu have a light lunch?
13.Accrding t the speaker, why shuld yu put a pre-dinner snack n a plate?
Questins 14 thrugh 16 are based n the fllwing passage.
Hw many trees are there in the wrld?Until nw, scientists culd nly guess the estimate f glbal tree number is apprximately 400 billin.In the tree survey prject- by using satellite images and n site cunting in mre than 50 cuntries, researchers at an American university cunted mre than 3,000 billin trees in the wrld, rughly 7 times mre than previusly estimated. Amng all the cuntries, Russia is ranked first in the tree number.
But researchers als warned the number f trees n earth has fallen by 46 % since the start f civilizatin Due t demand fr wd and farmland, humans cut dwn mre than 15 billin trees each year, replanting nly 5 billin. At that rate, trees n earth will be gne in abut three centuries. The prjects gal is t draw attentin t the imprtance f trees in the rle in reducing the gravity f climate change. The prjects'lead researcher says: Trees stre huge amunts f carbn. They are amng the mst imprtant and critical living things n carth.
Questins.
14, Accrding t the survey, hw many trees are there in the wrld?
15.Which f the fllwing is the mst prbable predictin based n the survey's findings?
16.What is the purpse f the prject intrduced in the passage?
Questins 17 thrugh 20 are based n the fllwing cnversatin.
M:Helen, when is yur brther Jerry getting int twn? I haven't seen him fr ages.
W:This Thursday, I will pick him up arund 8:00 pm.
M:Are yu ging t d anything tgether that night?
W:N.I think he'll be t tired and will prbably just want t g t bed early.
M:That's true. It's a lng flight frm Sanya. Hw lng is he ging t stay?
W:Only till Mnday, then he ges t Nanjing t see ur parents.
M: D yu have any special plans fr Friday?
W: Yu bet. He can relax in the apartment n Friday mrning and then in the afternn. We are ging t the frest park with sme friends t have a picnic.
M: And then in the evening?
W:I have bked a table in De Mings, that Mexican restaurant. D yu knw it?
M: Yeah,ne f the waiters, I knw,tld me it is extremely difficult t bk a table there.
W: Nt if yu call them carly enugh, say a mnth earlier.
M: What abut Saturday-
W:In the mrning we are ging t Shanghai museum. They've gt an exhibitin. Jerry will be interested in. After lunch, we'll be ding sme shpping.
M: S I'm meeting yu guys n Saturday evening at 8 clck.
W:Oh,Yes. The party is at Claire's huse. Cme rund here just befre eight, and we can take a taxi ver t Clares tgether.
M: All right.
Questins.
17. What are the tw speakers mainly talking abut?
18. What can be learmed abut Jerry?
19.Why was the wman able t reserve a table in dmain ges?
20.What will Jerry mst prbably be ding n Friday aftermn?
A. Hwever, this is nt the case when libraries lend e-bks.
B. This may nt be a big issue nw, fr e-bks are minr in publishing.
C. Als, publishers assume get mre prfits frm libraries where readers pay them mre.
D. Publishing cntracts ften dn't specify whether and hw much authrs receive fr e-bks sales r fr e-lending.
E. Extensin alne wuld d little if the current funds under the schemes were merely re-distributed frm bks t e-bks.
F. Fr this reasn, authrs and publishers have been talking the Gvernment int extending the Lending Rights Schemes t e-bks.
英语试卷
（满分140分，考试时间120分钟）
I. Listening Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1. A. By the shuttle bus.B. By a friend's private car.
C. By the subway.D. By a shared bike.
2. A. Academic prblems.B. A tur f Pearl Lake University.
C. A Weekend travel plan.D. The mtt f Pearl Lake University.
3. A. The lady will g hiking next week.
B. The lady tk her kitten t the clinic last week.
C. The man cares abut the wman.
D. The man didn't g hiking last week.
4. A. He wants t travel t Shanghai.B. He has fund a suitable jb.
C. He graduated last mnth.D. His hmetwn may be Nantng.
5. A. Silent.B. Crazy.
C. Relieved.D. Depressed.
6. A. He wants the huse t have a garage and a garden.
B. He just wants a space t sunbathe in his huse.
C. He wants t buy a villa.
D. He likes Eurpean style decratin.
7. A. He is crazy abut reading.B. He likes the decratin style f the library.
C. He is a knwledgeable cllege student.D. He is a librarian.
8. A. She likes similar car mdels.
B. She prmised a refund within a week.
C. She encuraged the man t buy the mdel car.
D. She has sld a lt f cars.
9. A. He wants t leave the cmpany.
B. He is the prject leader f the cmpany.
C. He thinks their hard wrk will be wasted.
D. He will annunce the prgress f the prject.
10. A. His child came hme late and had n fd.
B. He has spared sme fd fr his child.
C. The whle family waited the child came back fr dinner.
D. He was very angry with his child's behavir.
Sectin B
Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear tw passages and ne lnger cnversatin. After each passage r cnverstin, yu will be asked several questins. The passages and the cnversatin will be read twice, but the questin will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
Questins 11 thrugh 13 are based n the fllwing passage.
11. A. Methd fr srting ut refrigeratr sundries.
B. Preparatin methd f weight lss meal.
C. Strategies t avid excessive pre-dinner snacks
D. The fd n the plate is mre delicius.
12. A. Yu can eat fried fd befre dinner.
B. Yu can't eat any fd befre dinner.
C. Yu can nly put yur pre meal snacks n the plate.
D. Yu can have a slice f tast in the afternn.
13. A. This can reduce fd intake.B. This can aggravate peple's bdy anxiety.
C. This will make us eat mre.D. This avids making cmplex dinners.
Questins 14 thrugh 16 are based n the fllwing passage.
14. A. 3,000 billin trees.B. 400 billin trees.
C. 50 millin trees.D. 15 billin trees.
15. A. Russia has always ranked first in the number f trees.
B. Trees wuld be gne in the future at current remval rate.
C. Peple will plant trees n the cultivated land.
D. It is impssible t calculate the ttal number f trees.
16. A. T stp peple frm building huses endlessly.
B. T draw peple's attentin t the imprtance f trees.
C. T call n peple t prtect the hmes f wild animals.
D. T attract peple t study the grwth envirnment f trees.
Questins 17 thrugh 20 are based n the fllwing cnversatin.
17. A. Persnal travel plan.B. Travel experience.
C. Party dress.D. Organizatin f wrk.
18. A. Jerry will travel by high-speed rail. B. Jerry is Helen's cusin.
C. Jerry's parents live in Nanjing. D. Jerry is resting in his apartment nw.
19. A. She knws the bss there. B. She bked the table a mnth earlier.
C. Her friend wrks in this restaurant. D. She has a nble status.
20. A. Ging fr a picnic in the frest park.
B. Resting in the apartment.
C. Ging t the Dming restaurant fr dinner.
D. Ging t Shanghai Museum. ,
II. Grammar and Vcabulary
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passages cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
The Lights f Aurra
On the night f 2 September 1859, the dark sky ver Eurpe and Nrth America was suddenly full f light. The light did nt cme frm the sun r the mn—and it had a strange clur. The light mved acrss the sky, (21) ________ (cme) and ging, like cluds in a strng wind. In the United States, a man in Bstn was using the telegraph t speak t a man in Prtland, 160 km away. They bth turned ff the electricity fr the telegraph, but (22) ________ culd still speak t each ther fr the next tw hurs. The electricity was cming frm the light in the sky. Hw was this pssible? And what was the light in the sky?
The light is called the aurra. Usually, yu can see it nly at the very nrth f the earth, (23)________ it is called aurra brealis r Nrthern Lights, r at the very suth, where it is the aurra australis r Suthern Lights. But in 1859, smething happened in the sun—a very large strm—and it mved the aurra acrss the middle f the earth. We d nt think that his ever happened befre 1859, and we knw that it (24) ________ (nt happen) since then.
Why des the aurra happen? And why can we nly see it at the tp r bttm f the earth? The aurra is made by smething (25) ________ (call) the ‘slar wind’ (wind frm the sun). We cannt see this wind, r tuch it. It is a wind f particles that travel away frm the sun all the time at abut 400 kilmetres a secnd. Mst f the particles never tuch the earth. The earth has a kind f ‘wall’ arund it that defends it (26) ________ these particles. This wall is called the earth's magnetic field, and it pushes the particles away n either side. But the earth's magnetic field has tw ‘windws’ in it: the magnetic nrth, and the magnetic suth. At these places, the earth's magnetic field turns dwn int the earth. And sme f the particles frm the slar wind cme thrugh these magnetic ‘windws’. These slar particles crash int the particles that are already in ur sky. And (27) ________ this happens, we see the beautiful lines r cluds f light f the aurra.
Alaska is a gd place (28) ________ (see) the aurra brealis, and yu can als g t places like Iceland, Siberia, the nrth f Greenland, Nrway, Sweden, and Sctland. T see the aurra australis, g t the suth f Australia, Tasmania, r New Zealand.
Peple travel thusands f kilmetres t see the aurra, and they can never be sure (29)________ it will happen. But (30) ________ d see it say that they will never frget it.
Sectin B
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the wrds in the bx. Each wrd can nly be used nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
A. characteristics B. diverse C. emply D. functin E. issue
F. integratin G. hit H. military I. ptential J. schemes K. wearers
Future Fashin: Bimetric Bdysuits
A team f the Applied NanBiscience Center at Arizna State University has built prttypes (原型) f bimetric bdysuits. They can detect chemical attacks, deliver drugs t their (31) ________, r even perfume scents if yur bdy temperature rises t much. The (32)________ versin f the Scentsry Chamelen Bdysuit incrprates fuel cells t prvide a lightweight surce f pwer fr the sldier's equipment. The civilian ne can mnitr yur heart r bld pressure, deliver interactive games r simply wrk as a wearable cmputer. Yu will even be able t dwnlad new clrs and patterns frm the Web t change yur appearance accrding t this article frm East Valley Tribune in Arizna. Bth versins shuld (33) ________ the market within a few years.
Frederic Zenhausern, directr f the Applied NanBiscience Center at ASU, has jined with Ghassan Jabbur, a prfessr at the University f Arizna, t develp tw prttypes f “bimetric bdysuits” that cntain embedded sensrs, pwer surces, micrfluidic devices and ther gadgets nt nrmally assciated with the latest Paris fashins. Such “smart” clthing culd (34) ________ future sldiers early warning f chemical attacks r autmatically deliver insulin t diabetics, Zenhausemn said. “The bimetric bdysuit shws hw electrnics and fluidics (流体学) can be incrprated int clthing t perfrm a wide range f (35) ________ tasks, frm highly functinal t the aesthetic.” he said.
The civilian Chamelen will have smewhat different (36) ________. Its bimetric utfit demnstrates hw miniature electrnics culd be embedded in clthing t prmte health. It is made f clear vinyl (乙烯基) and white plastics t shw the placement f varius electrnic and fluidic devices. In the future, such an utfit culd diagnse diseases and deliver medicatins t the wearer, mnitr heart rate r bld pressure, deliver interactive games and ther frms f entertainment r (37) ________ as a wearable cmputer.
Anther pssibility wuld be t dwnlad different designs frm the Internet s the fabri culd change clrs and patterns, Zenhausern said. And it culd all be made t lk stylish by the (38) ________ f electrnics and high-fashin designs, he said. In fact, the cncept f embedding micrelectrnics in fabrics has (39) ________ far beynd clthing. Sheila Kennedy, a Bstn-based architect and visiting prfessr at the Harvard University Graduate Schl f Design, sees pssibilities t (40) ________ the technlgy in building design. As an example, she said windw shades cntaining rganic light emitting dides (二极管) culd prduce electricity frm sunlight that wuld help generate pwer.
III. Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A,
B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
Artificially sweetened diet drinks make n difference t weight gain and shuld nt be seen as healthier than their sugar-laden cunterparts, accrding t a team f experts. A review f research evidence cncludes there is nthing t supprt claims that sugar-free versins f ppular sft drinks can help (41) ________ besity and related diseases such as Type 2 diabetes. Industry-spnsred studies reprting “favurable” assciatins between diet drinks and weight lss may be biased, it claims.
There have been cncerns that diet drinks, knwn as artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs), might lead peple t cnsume mre calries by (42) ________ sweet flavur taste buds. The new study fund that evidence (43) ________ the healthiness f ASBs was incnclusive with randmised cntrlled trials (RCTs) prducing mixed results. Senir investigatr Prfessr Christpher Millett said: “A cmmn perceptin, which may be influenced by industry marketing, is that because ‘diet' drinks have n sugar, they must be healthier and aid weight lss when used as a(n) (44) ________ fr full sugar versins.” Hwever, we fund n slid evidence t supprt this.
The researchers pinted ut that research supprted by fd r beverage cmpanies was mre likely t find n evidence f links between sugary drink (45) ________ and besity than nn- industry spnsred research. Similarly, ASB industry-spnsred research was “mre likely t reprt favurable results and (46) ________ regarding ASB effects n weight cntrl”.
In many cases, researchers had failed t disclse (47) ________ f interest relating t links with the fd industry, it was claimed. C-authr Dr Maria Carlina Brges said: “The lack f slid evidence n the health effects f ASBs and the ptential influence f bias frm industry funded studies shuld be taken seriusly when discussing whether ASBs are (48) ________ alternatives t SSBs ( sugar-sweetened beverages). ”
Leading British nutritinist Prfessr Susan Jebb said despite the mixed evidence, there was n reasn t believe that replacing sugary drinks with artificially sweetened (49) ________ did any harm. She said: “Fr peple seeking t manage their weight, tap water is (50) ________ the best drink t chse, fr health and the envirnment, but fr many peple wh are used t drinking sugary drinks, this will be t hard a change t (51) ________ Artificially sweetened drinks are a step in the (52 ) ________ directin t cut calries.” Dietician Prfessr Tm Sanders, was als critical f the research, calling it “an pinin piece rather than a(n) (53) ________ review f the evidence”. He (54) ________: “The cnclusin that reduced sugar r sugar-free drinks shuld nt be prmted r seen as part f a healthy diet seems unwarranted and likely t add t public (55) ________.”
41. A. relieve B. ppse C. prevent D. bther
42. A. inserting B. stimulating C. enhancing D. securing
43. A. resulting frm B. referring t C. depending n D. relating t
44. A. substitute B. prpsal C. suspect D. implicatin
45. A. efficiency B. cnsumptin C. distributin D. mdernizatin
46. A. appintments B. instructins C. perfrmances D. cnclusins
47. A. threats B. matters C. cnflicts D. appeals
48. A. adequate B. essential C. available D. deliberate
49. A. initiatives B. alternatives C. bjectives D. representatives
50. A. withut questinB. beynd descriptin
C. arund the crnerD. in cnsequence
51. A. settle B. rute C. mend D. make
52. A. wrng B. right C. prper D. ppsite
53. A. demcratic B. autmatic C. systematic D. dramatic
54. A. transferred B. ranged C. accessed D. added
55. A. fascinatin B. ambitin C. cnfusin D. islatin
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
(A)
If a single wrd can describe ur daily life during thse first three years, it is “scrunge” (讨要). Every waking mment we were cncentrating n hw the hell we wuld be able t save up enugh dugh (面团;钱) t d whatever it was we had t d. Usually it was just break even. And there's nthing rmantic abut it, either. Remember the famus stanza in Omar Khayyam? Yu knw, the bk f verses underneath the bugh, the laf f bread, the jug f wine and s frth? Substitute Sctt n Trusts fr that bk f verses and see hw this petic visin stacks up against my idyllic existence. Ah, paradise? N, bullshit. All I'd think abut is hw much that bk was (culd we get it secndhand?) and where, if anywhere, we might be able t charge that bread and wine. And then hw we might ultimately scrunge up the dugh t pay ff ur debts.
Life changes. Even the simplest decisin must be scrutinized by the ever vigilant budget cmmittee f yur mind.
“Hey, Oliver, let's g see Becket tnight.”
“Listen, it's three bucks.”
“What d yu mean?”
“I mean a buck fifty fr yu and a buck fifty fr me.”
“Des that mean yes r n?”
“Neither. It just means three bucks.”
Our hneymn was spent n a yacht and with twenty-ne children. That is, I sailed a thirty-six-ft Rhdes frm seven in the mrning till whenever my passengers had enugh, and Jenny was a children's cunselr. It was a place called the Pequd Bat Club in Dennis Prt (nt far frm Hyannis), an establishment that included a large htel, a marina and several dzen huses fr rent. In ne f the tinier bungalws, I have nailed an imaginary plaque (匾牌): “Oliver and Jenny slept here.” I think it's a tribute t us bth that after a lng day f being kind t ur custmers, fr we were largely dependent n their tips fr ur incme, Jenny and I were nnetheless kind t each ther. I simply say “kind”, because I lack the vcabulary t describe what lving and being lved by Jennifer Cavilleri is like. Srry, I mean Jennifer Barrett.
Befre leaving fr the Cape, we fund a cheap apartment in Nrth Cambridge. I called it Nrth Cambridge, althugh the address was technically in the twn f Smerville and the huse was, as Jenny described it, “in the state f disrepair”. It had riginally been a tw-family structure，nw cnverted int fur apartments, verpriced even at its “cheap” rental. But what the hell can graduate students d? It's a seller's market.
56. What can we learn frm the cnversatin between Oliver and Jenny?
A. Nne f them wanted t see Becket.
B. They didn't have three bucks.
C. Jenny was wasting mney.
D. Oliver was a thrifty man.
57. Why were Oliver and Jenny friendly t custmers?
A. They were bth cunselrs fr children.
B. They needed t get tips frm custmers.
C. They didn't have enugh rm t live in.
D. That was the rule n the yacht.
58. By “in the state f disrepair”, the authr implies that ________.
A. the apartment was very cheap
B. the apartment was very expensive
C. their accmdatin is nt decent
D. their accmdatin is very decent
59. Which f the fllwing might be the best title f the passage?
A. A cuple's debt repayment prcess.
B. A cuple's hneymn trip.
C. A cuple's hard life.
D. A cuple's life n a yacht.
(B)
Summer Camp Rules
Whether it's yur child's first year at camp, r they are a seasned camper and need a little refresher, it's a gd idea t g ver summer camp rules and guidelines befre leaving fr camp. Camp rules are in place t keep the camp cmmunity safe and camp peratins running smthly thrughut their stay.
1. Keep Yur Persnal Space Clean
Since yur child will be in clse quarters with many ther campers, it's imprtant that they understand the necessity f keeping their sleeping and living areas rganized.
G ver ways fr yur child t stay rganized and tidy befre they leave fr camp. When packing, make sure t prvide a laundry bag t keep clean and dirty clthing separate. Utillize under bed space r put clthes n yur shelves r cubbies rather than living ut f yur suitcase r camp trunk.
It als helps t nt ver pack. Fllw packing list guidelines clsely s yur child can find what they need withut having t dig thrugh piles f clthing that were nt recmmended. This als helps yu child knw what they have in their luggage s they pull ut the sweatshirt when it gets cld, instead f thinking there wasn't ne in their bag. Remind yur child f their camp accunt s they can purchase items frm the camp stre if necessary.
2. Valuables at Camp
As a best practice, we recmmend leaving all valuables at hme. Even if yur child has a bracelet r necklace that they never take ff, there is still the chance that it culd be lst while swimming r participating in camp activities.
If yu are thinking abut bringing an expensive item f clthing, be prepared fr it t get lst r damaged. Yu may be better ff buying a new, less expensive versin. T be n the safe side, dn't let yur child bring anything irreplaceable r emtinally valuable t camp.
3. Play Nice
Name calling, fighting, bullying, and arguing are strictly prhibited at summer camp. Camp is a place t make friends, s aggressive behavir is nt tlerated. Remind yur child that they dn't have t be everybdy's best friend, but they d have t be friendly t everyne.
Encurage yur child t g int camp with the mindset f making a few new friends, and chances are they will leave camp having made mre than a few.
4. Have Fun and Try New Things
At the end f the day, summer camp is abut getting ut f yur cmfrt zne, trying new things, and having a blast. Befre yur child leaves fr camp, cngratulate them fr being brave enugh t try sleepaway camp in the first place. Let them knw that they’ve already wn just by trying, and the fun part is just abut t begin. Remind them again that summer camp rules exist nly t imprve the verall camp experience and t create a cmmunity f fun.
60. What is the purpse f clarifying the rules f summer camp?
A. Enrich children's summer camp peratin.
B. Ensure the safety f children participating in summer camp.
C. Cultivate children's ability t survive in the wild.
D. Help children develp gd cleaning habits.
61. Which f the fllwing behavirs is advcated by the summer camp?
A. Take yur favrite valuables.
B. Fight with camping friends.
C. Avid participating in hazardus activities.
D. Keep persnal camping supplies in rder.
62. What is the passage mainly abut?
A. Enjy the unique fun brught by new things.
B. Make gd friends wherever yu are.
C. Fllw the rules f summer camp.
D. Get enugh sleep befre camping.
(C)
Cnservatinists g t war ver whether humans are the measure f nature's value. New Cnservatinists argue such trade-ffs are necessary in this human-dminated epch. And they supprt “re-wilding”, a cncept riginally prpsed by Sule where peple curtail ecnmic grwth and withdraw frm landscapes, which then return t nature.
New Cnservatinists believe the withdrawal culd happen tgether with ecnmic grwth. The Califrnia-based Breakthrugh Institute believes in a future where mst peple live in cities and rely less n natural resurces fr ecnmic grwth.
They wuld get fd frm industrial agriculture, including genetically mdified fds, desalinatin, intensified meat prductin and aquaculture, all f which have a smaller land ftprint. And they wuld get their energy frm renewables and natural gas.
Driving these prfund shifts wuld be greater efficiency f prductin, where mre prducts culd be manufactured frm fewer inputs. And sme unsustainable cmmdities wuld be replaced in the market by ther, greener nes—natural gas fr cal, fr instance, explained Michael Shellenberger, president f the Breakthrugh Institute. Nature wuld, in essence, be decupled frm the ecnmy.
And then he added a caveat: “We are nt suggesting decupling as the paradigm t save the wrld, r that it slves all the prblems r eliminates all the trade-ffs.”
Cynics (悲观者) may say all this sunds t utpian , but Breakthrugh maintains the wrld is already n this path tward decupling. Nwhere is this mre evident than in the United States, accrding t Idd Wernick, a research schlar at the Rckefeller University, wh has examined the natin's use f 100 main cmmdities.
Wernick and his clleagues lked at data carefully frm the U.S. Gelgical Survey Natinal Minerals Infrmatin Center, which keeps a recrd f cmmdities used frm 1900 thrugh the present day. They fund that the use f 36 cmmdities (sand, ire re, cttn, etc.) in the U.S. ecnmy had peaked.
Anther 53 cmmdities (nitrgen, timber, beef, etc.) are being used mre efficiently per dllar value f grss dmestic prduct than in the pre-1970s era. Their use wuld peak sn, Wernick said.
Only 11 cmmdities (industrial diamnd, indium, chicken, etc.) are increasing in use (Greenwire, Nv. 6), and mst f these are emplyed by industries in small quantities t imprve systems prcesses. Chicken use is rising because peple are eating less beef, a desirable develpment since pultry cultivatin has a smaller envirnmental ftprint.
The numbers shw the United States has nt intensified resurce cnsumptin since the 1970s even while increasing its GDP and ppulatin, said Jesse Ausubel f the Rckefeller University.
“It seems like the 20th-century expectatin we had, we were always assuming the future entailed greater cnsumptin f resurces,” Ausubel said. “But what we are seeing in the develped cuntries is, f curse, peaks.”
63. What des the underlined wrd “trade-ffs” refer t in the first paragraph?
A. The balance between human develpment and natural eclgy.
B. The prfitability f imprt and exprt trade.
C. The cnsumptin f natural resurces by industrial develpment.
D. The difficult plight f ecnmic grwth.
64. Which f the fllwing is true f the views f the new envirnmentalists?
A. They believe that mankind shuld live in frests with rich vegetatin.
B. They believe that mankind will need mre natural resurces in the future.
C. They believe that mankind is the master f the whle universe.
D. They believe that mankind shuld limit ecnmic grwth.
65. What can we infer frm the last paragraph f the passage?
A. Natural resurces cannt supprt ecnmic develpment.
B. Mre resurce cnsumptin will nt ccur in a certain perid f time.
C. Excessive resurce cnsumptin will nt affect the eclgical envirnment.
D. All resurce cnsumptin in develped cuntries has reached a peak.
66. What is the passage mainly abut?
A. Urbanizatin and re-wildness.
B. Human existence and industrial develpment.
C. Sciecnmic develpment and resurce cnsumptin.
D. Cmmdity trading and raw material develpment.
Sectin C
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the sentences in the bx. Each sentence can nly be used nce. Nte that there are tw sentences mre than yu need.
Shuld Writers Be Paid fr Their E-bks Lent by Libraries?
When libraries lend bks t the public, authrs and publishers receive remuneratin frm the Gvernment under the Lending Rights schemes. (67) ________ Is this fair?
This year, the gvernment has distributed almst a $22 millin under these Public Lending Rights and Educatinal Lending Rights Schemes. Fr each bk in public library cllectins, creatrs receive $2.11 and publishers receive $0.52.
The amunt that each claimant receives is ften nt very significant, with the majrity f authrs receiving between $100-500 annually. Still, a previus study has revealed that this remuneratin cnstitutes the secnd mst imprtant surce f incme fr creatrs frm their creative wrk.
bks, hwever, are nt cvered by these Lending Rights schemes. (68) ________
But e-bk lending is increasing and, accrding t the Australian Library and Infrmatin Assciatin, e-bks are likely t reach 20% f library hldings by 2020. Als, mst, if nt all, self-published titles are dne s in digital frmat nly. Such self-published titles, if lent by libraries, wuld nt qualify fr any remuneratin.
(69) ________ Althugh the Bk Industry Cllabrative Cuncil made such prpsal already in a reprt f 2013, nthing has happened f yet.
One f the main reasns why e-bks are nt cvered is that e-bk lending is quite different frm print bk lending. In case f print bks, authrs and publishers are arguably lsing n custmers and revenues when libraries lan their bks fr free.
Creatrs nly receive $2.11 and publishers receive $0.52 fr each bk in public library cllectins.
At present, in the case f e-bks, many publishers chse nt t sell these bks t libraries. (70) ________
While publishers charge libraries high prices fr e-bks, writers cmplain that these amunts d nt reach them. Publishing cntracts ften dn't specify whether and hw much authrs receive fr e-bks sales r fr e-lending.
IV. Summary Writing
71. Directins: Read the fllwing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main pint(s) f the passage in n mre than 60 wrds. Use yur wn wrds as far as pssible.
Neurscientists usually define a singular memry as an engram (记忆印记)—a physical change in brain tissue assciated with a particular recllectin. Recently, brain scans revealed that an engram isn't islated t ne regin f the brain and instead manifests as a clrful splattering acrss the neural tissue. “A memry lks mre like a web in the brain than a single spt,” says neurscientist and Natinal Gegraphic Explrer Steve Ramirez f Bstn University. That's because when a memry is created, it includes all the visual, auditry, and tactile inputs that make an experience memrable, and brain cells are encded frm all f thse regins.
Nw, scientists are even able t track hw memries mve acrss the brain, like detectives finding ftprints in the snw. While at MIT in 2013, Ramirez and his research partner Xu Liu had a breakthrugh: They were able t target the cells that make up ne engram in a muse's brain and then implant a false memry. In their wrk, mice reacted in fear t a particular stimulus even when they had nt been cnditined in advance. While muse brains are less advanced than the human equivalent, Ramirez says they can still help neurscientists understand hw ur memries wrk, t.
In their current wrk, Ramirez and his clleagues are investigating whether psitive and negative memries are stred in different grups f brain cells, and whether negative memries can be “verwritten” by psitive nes. T prep mice fr the experiments, the team injects the animals’ brains with a virus that cntains flurescent prteins and surgically implants ptic fibers. The mice are then given a diet that prevents the virus frm flurescing until the researchers are ready t tag a psitive r negative experience. Psitive memries are created by putting male mice in cages with female mice fr an hur, and negative memries are created by putting the mice in cages that deliver brief ft shcks. Once the mice have been cnditined t assciate certain triggers with each experience, they underg a shrt surgical peratin s the scientists can stimulate the cells assciated with the psitive r negative engrams.
They are finding that activating psitive memries while a muse is in a cage it assciates with fear makes that muse less fearful. Using a different technique, University f Trnt neurscientist Sheena Jsselyn was able t cmpletely eliminate fear memries in mice.
V. Translatin
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
72.他已经几十年没见过如此壮美的日出了。(since)
73.小张昨天在田里播下种子, 期待来年的丰收。(sw)
74.鉴于不熟悉用手机打车的老人不在少数, 这家公司提供了一系列服务来满足他们的需求。(a few)
75.正是因为贯彻了“顾客为本”的理念, 那家落寞已久的社区商场才得以重回大众视线。 (it)
VI. Guided Writing
Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 120- - 150 wrds accrding t the instructins given
belw in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学高三学生李明, 入冬以来，你校组织全校师生每周一至周五晨跑时间为7:30—7:50, 休息5分钟后上第一节课。但有同学反映, 晨跑后身体不适, 因此学校委托学生会征询大家对晨跑的意见。请你给学生会写一封邮件, 内容必须包括：
(1) 你认为该晨跑安排中存在的问题；
(2) 你的改进建议及理由。
绝密★启用前
2022年1月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）
英语试卷 答案
（满分140分，考试时间120分钟）
1. Listening Cmprehensin(共25分。1-10 每题1分;11- 20 每题1.5分。)
1-10 ABBDC 6- 10 BACCB 11-13 CDA 14- 16 ABB 17- 20 ACBA
II. Grammar and Vcabulary(共20分。每小题1分。)
21. cming 22. they 23. where 24. has nt happened 25. called 26. against
27. when/as 28. t see 29. that 30. whever
III. Reading Cmprehensin(共45分。41- 55 每题1分;56- 70每题2分。)
31- 40 KHGEB ADFIC 41- 55 CBDAB DCABA DBCDC
56- 59 DBCC 60- 62 BDC 63- 66 ADBC
67- 70 ABFC
IV. Summary Writing(共10分。)
71. Pssible 1: Memry is like a net in the brain. Scientists can even track the mvement f memry in the brain. At present, Sheena Jsselyn, a neurscientist at the University f Trnt, has used mice as experimental bjects, using a different technlgy, which can cmpletely eliminate the fear memry f mice. (49 wrds)
Pssible 2: Recently, brain scans revealed that an engram isn't islated t ne regin f the brain and instead manifests as a clrful splattering acrss the neural tissue. Scientists nt nly tracked the mvement f memry in the brain, but als studied the strage lcatin and interactin between psitive memry and negative memry. (51 Wrds)
V. Translatin(共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)
72. It is/It has been decades since he saw such a magnificent sunrise/s magnificent a sunshine.
Or: Decades has passed since he last witnessed the impsing/ glrius/ splendid/impressive/ spectacular sunrise.
Or: He hasn't seen such a magnificent sunrise in decades/ since decades ag.
73. Xia Zhang swed the seeds in the field yesterday, expecting a gd harvest next year.
Or: Xia Zhang swed the seeds in the field yesterday, lking frward t a gd harvest in the cming year.
Or: Xia Zhang swed in the field yesterday, in (the) hpe f having a gd harvest fr the cming year.
74. Given (the fact) that/In cnsideratin f the fact that/In (the) light f the fact that/In view f the fact that/ Cnsidering (that) quite a few elderly peple/senir citizens are unfamiliar with/ are nt familiar with/are nt skilled in taking a taxi with mbile phne/ using mbile phne t take a taxi, this cmpany ffers/ prvides/ presents/ furnishes/ affrds/ 'supplies a series f/a range f/an array f services t respnd t/ cater t/ meet satisfy serve/ answer/address their needs/ demands.
75. It was because f the implementatin f the “custmer-riented/ custmer-based/ custmer-first” principle/ philsphy that this lng-filing/ almst- deserted/ dead-silent/ lifeless cmmunity shpping mall returned t public's attentin/regained public's attentin/came back t the sight f the public.
Or: It was because the “custmer-riented” principle/ philsphy was implemented that this cmmunity shpping mall failing/that had been failing fr a lng time regained public's attentin.
V. Guided Writing(共25分。)
76.
Dear Student Unin,
Having learnt ur schl has been rganizing the mrning running frm 7:30 a.m. t 7:50 a.m. in this winter, I am writing t share my views and suggestins.
It is cnceivable that mrning wrkut exerts a psitive impact n ur health. Hwever, this arrangement des lead t sme unfavrable results. T begin with, ur schl seems t fail t take int accunt the fact that we can't resist the temptatin f a warm bed in winter, let alne run fr 20 minutes in freezing cld wind. Things can g wrng n a big scale if we lack f sleep and intense exercise may make us feel dizzy. Mrever, since the first class begins nly five minutes after the wrkut, students may have difficulties in cncentrating in class and lead t dzing ff eventually. If things g n like this, students’ academic perfrmance will leave much t be desired.
One helpful step is t ask students t g fr a run in the late afternn instead f the early mrning. In this way, there is n denying that students can benefit frm physical training withut psing a threat t their health. Anther pssibility is t take a gradual apprach t exercise. Let students get used t running by nt running t fast at first r reduce the amunt f time students spend running.
T summarize, running in the late afternn can be an effective way t help prmte students' well-being and ensure learning efficiency. I d hpe that my suggestins will be taken int cnsideratin.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Ming
2022年1月上海高考英语听力文本
1. M:Wuld yu like me t give yu a ride t the airprt. The subway system has brken dwn.
W: It's very kind f yu, but there is a shuttle service.
Q: Hw will the wman mst prbably get t the airprt?
2. W: I heard yu made a tur f Pearl Lake university last Sunday.
M: Yes, we arrived at 8 'clck,and then tw senir students shwed us arund the campus. We were deeply impressed.
Q: What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
3.W:I missed the hiking last week. I had t take my kitten t the clinic.
M: What a pity! Is she al right nw?
Q: What can be learned frm the cnversatin?
4. W: Are yu ging back t Nantng after graduatin next mnth?
M:I think s. After I graduate, I'I g back hme and try t get a jb there.
Q:What can be learned abut the man?
5. M: Have yu gt any news abut the muntain climbers?
W:The rescue team fund them? Thank gdness. They survived the cld.
Q:Hw des the wman mst prbably fee?
6.W: D yu have any idea f ur future huse? Fr me,I dn't particularly care whether it has gt a garden r a garage.
M: Me, neither,I need just a little bit f space t sit ut in when it's warm.
Q:What des the man mean?
7.M: S yu want t turn this rm int a mini library?
W: My sn is a keen reader.
Q: What can be learned abut the wman sn?
8. M:I am wndering whether I shuld buy this mdel car. I already have a very similar ne
W:I see n reasn nt t.Yu are entitled t a refund within a week if yu dn't like it.
Q: What des the wman imply?
9. W : Yu knw what. The bss annunced that the prject we've been wrking n will be
abandned.
M: S, ur 8 mnths hard wrk just ges dwn the drain.
Q: What des the man mean?
10.W: Srry, dad, I'm hme late.
M: We've all had ur supper, but I've set aside a bite fr yu.
Q:What des the man mean?
Sectin B
Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear tw passages and a lnger cnversatin, and yu will be asked several questins n each f the passages and the cnversatin. The passages and the cnversatin will be read twice, but the questin will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
Questins 11 thrugh 13 are based n the fllwing passage.
Can't resist picking frm the fridge r cupbard befre dinner? A little cheese, sme biscuits and apple, It never seems like much. Yet, by the time dinner cmes arund, yu are full. If this is yu, here are tw strategies t help yu ut. Think abut what yu are eating earlier in the day.If yu are having a light lunch, then trying t last until dinner, yu may be ding harm t yurself. By leaving it t lng between fd stps, yu will get t hungry and vereat at dinner.Instead, try having a slice f tast r a piece f fruit and a cup f ygurt at abut 3:30 pm. This shuld keep yu ging until dinner. S yu can resist the pre-dinner snacking. The ther strategy is that if yu d have a snack befre dinner,put it n a plate, instead f picking and paying n attentin t what yu are eating, arrange sme fd prperly n a small plate, then sit dwn t eat yur snack. Simply by ding this, yu will eat a lt less and still be ready fr the main event.
Questins.
11.What is the speaker mainly talking abut?
12.What des the speaker suggest yu d if yu have a light lunch?
13.Accrding t the speaker, why shuld yu put a pre-dinner snack n a plate?
Questins 14 thrugh 16 are based n the fllwing passage.
Hw many trees are there in the wrld?Until nw, scientists culd nly guess the estimate f glbal tree number is apprximately 400 billin.In the tree survey prject- by using satellite images and n site cunting in mre than 50 cuntries, researchers at an American university cunted mre than 3,000 billin trees in the wrld, rughly 7 times mre than previusly estimated. Amng all the cuntries, Russia is ranked first in the tree number.
But researchers als warned the number f trees n earth has fallen by 46 % since the start f civilizatin Due t demand fr wd and farmland, humans cut dwn mre than 15 billin trees each year, replanting nly 5 billin. At that rate, trees n earth will be gne in abut three centuries. The prjects gal is t draw attentin t the imprtance f trees in the rle in reducing the gravity f climate change. The prjects'lead researcher says: Trees stre huge amunts f carbn. They are amng the mst imprtant and critical living things n carth.
Questins.
14, Accrding t the survey, hw many trees are there in the wrld?
15.Which f the fllwing is the mst prbable predictin based n the survey's findings?
16.What is the purpse f the prject intrduced in the passage?
Questins 17 thrugh 20 are based n the fllwing cnversatin.
M:Helen, when is yur brther Jerry getting int twn? I haven't seen him fr ages.
W:This Thursday, I will pick him up arund 8:00 pm.
M:Are yu ging t d anything tgether that night?
W:N.I think he'll be t tired and will prbably just want t g t bed early.
M:That's true. It's a lng flight frm Sanya. Hw lng is he ging t stay?
W:Only till Mnday, then he ges t Nanjing t see ur parents.
M: D yu have any special plans fr Friday?
W: Yu bet. He can relax in the apartment n Friday mrning and then in the afternn. We are ging t the frest park with sme friends t have a picnic.
M: And then in the evening?
W:I have bked a table in De Mings, that Mexican restaurant. D yu knw it?
M: Yeah,ne f the waiters, I knw,tld me it is extremely difficult t bk a table there.
W: Nt if yu call them carly enugh, say a mnth earlier.
M: What abut Saturday-
W:In the mrning we are ging t Shanghai museum. They've gt an exhibitin. Jerry will be interested in. After lunch, we'll be ding sme shpping.
M: S I'm meeting yu guys n Saturday evening at 8 clck.
W:Oh,Yes. The party is at Claire's huse. Cme rund here just befre eight, and we can take a taxi ver t Clares tgether.
M: All right.
Questins.
17. What are the tw speakers mainly talking abut?
18. What can be learmed abut Jerry?
19.Why was the wman able t reserve a table in dmain ges?
20.What will Jerry mst prbably be ding n Friday aftermn?
A. Hwever, this is nt the case when libraries lend e-bks.
B. This may nt be a big issue nw, fr e-bks are minr in publishing.
C. Als, publishers assume get mre prfits frm libraries where readers pay them mre.
D. Publishing cntracts ften dn't specify whether and hw much authrs receive fr e-bks sales r fr e-lending.
E. Extensin alne wuld d little if the current funds under the schemes were merely re-distributed frm bks t e-bks.
F. Fr this reasn, authrs and publishers have been talking the Gvernment int extending the Lending Rights Schemes t e-bks.
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