2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单（全国通用）专题11 定语从句十大考点（讲案） 原卷版

这是一份2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单（全国通用）专题11 定语从句十大考点（讲案） 原卷版，共13页。试卷主要包含了分割型定语从句及强调句型等内容，欢迎下载使用。
（快问快答+思维导图+精讲精练+真题分类+作文升格+原创语填）
目录
一、定语从句快问快答 P2
二、定语从句五年高考真题考点细目表 P2
考点清单一、关系代词that和which典型用法归纳 P3
考点清单二、关系代词whse, wh, whm典型用法归纳 P4
考点清单三、关系副词where典型用法归纳 P5
考点清单四、关系副词when典型用法归纳 P6
考点清单五、关系副词why 典型用法归纳 P6
考点清单六、如何区分先行词作状语还是宾语 P6
考点清单七、关系代词as典型用法归纳 P7
考点清单八、定语从句“介词+关系代词”用法归纳 P8
考点清单九、定语从句中的主谓一致用法归纳 P8
考点清单十、分割型定语从句及强调句型、名词性从句变式考查 P9
分层训练（一）五年定语从句高考真题题组 P9
分层训练（二）定语从句易混对比十组 P11
分层训练（三）定语从句助力应用文写作升格 P12
分层训练（四）定语从句助力读后续写升格 P13
分层训练（五）外刊原创最新语法填空 P13
神十七神十八两个乘组会师中国空间站 P13
一、定语从句快问快答
Q1：什么叫定语从句？
A1：顾名思义，定语从句就是一个从句在句中修饰一个名词或从句，起修饰、解释或限制作用。
Q2：什么是定语从句两要素？
A2：一是被定语从句修饰的名词或代词，叫先行词，二是引导定语从句的词，叫关系代词或关系副词。
Q3：定语从句分哪两大类型？
A3：根据功能，分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，后者前边往往有逗号隔开。
Q4：什么叫分割型定语从句？
A4：一般来说，先行词后紧跟定语从句，有时二者被谓语或介词短语分隔开，构成分割型定语从句。如：I was the nly persn (in my ffice) wh was invited t the pening ceremny.
Q5：定语从句关系代词有哪些？
A5：定语从句关系代词有that, which, wh, whm, whse, as。
Q6：定语从句关系副词有哪些？
A6：定语从句关系副词类有when, where, why。注意先行词是the way，在句中作方式状语时，定语从句常用that引导，相当于in which。
Q7：学习定语从句难点在哪里？
A7：一是选择合适的关系代词或关系副词，二是“介词+关系代词”结构介词的选择或关系代词的判断，三是定语从句和名词性从句及强调句型的辨别。
Q8：阅读中遇到定语从句怎么办？
A8：利用括号法把整个定语从句括起来视为一个整体来理解。
Q9：学好定语从句有什么意义？
A9：一能化繁为简迅速提高文章阅读能力，二能在书面表达巧妙运用定语从句提升句子表达效果。
Q10：如何才能学好定语从句？
A10：一是努力掌握定语从句基本知识框架，二是加强训练和背诵，积少成多，见多识广。
二、定语从句五年高考真题考点细目表
考点清单一、关系代词that和which典型用法归纳
要点精讲1：只用关系代词that不用which的场合
【即时训练】用关系代词that或which填空。
1. The teacher and the bks ________ he recmmended were excellent.
2. She is the tallest girl ________I have ever seen.
3. There is nthing ________ can stp me frm achieving my gals.
4. The third place ________ they visited was the Great Wall.
5. This is all ________ I want t say at the meeting.
6.（2014全国I卷）Maybe yu leave a habit ________is driving yur family crazy.
7.（2015全国I卷）I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place fr turists seeking the limestne muntain tps and dark waters f the Li River _________are pictured by artists in s many Chinese paintings.
要点精讲2：只用关系代词that不用which的场合
【即时训练】用关系代词that或which填空。
8. July 1, 1921 was the day ________ we will nt frget.
9. Lillian wrks in a gvernment ffice in ________ there are many different departments.
10. Please tell me the reasn ___________can explain yur absence reasnably.
11.(2020全国II卷改编) Thank yu fr yur letter, ___________ really made me happy.
12. (2017全国III卷) But Sarah, ___________has taken part in shws alng with tp mdels wants t prve that she has brains as well as beauty.
要点精讲3：that还可以用作关系副词，表示方式，相当于in which，此时that可可以省略。
The way in which / that /不填 he explains the sentence t us is quite simple. 他向我们解释这个句子的方式很简单。（the way在定语从句充当方式状语）
I dn’t like the way that/in which yu speak t yur mum. 我不喜欢你对妈妈说话的方式。（the way在定语从句充当方式状语）
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
13. Wmen dn’t think in the same way ___________ men d.
14. I think highly f the way in ___________yu remember English wrds.
考点清单二、关系代词whse, wh, whm典型用法归纳
要点精讲1：关系代词whse的用法
Frtune never helps the man whse curage fails.运气从不帮助丧失勇气的人。（先行词是man，指人）
He has written a bk whse name I have cmpletely frgtten. 他写了本书名我完全忘记了的书。（先行词是bk, 指物）
Lk at the building, whse rf=the rf f which=f which the rf is red. 看那栋楼,楼顶的颜色是红色。
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1. This kind f bk is fr children _________ native language is English.
2. The huse the windws f _________ are brken is empty.
3. This is Mr Smith, with _________ help I’ve made great prgress in grammar.
4. Which bk is the ne ________ writer has wn the Nbel Prize in Literature?
5. (2017江苏卷) In 1963 the UN set up the Wrld Fd Prgramme, ne f _______ purpses is t relieve wrldwide starvatin.
6. (2018天津卷) Kae, _________sister I shared a rm with when we were at cllege, has gne t wrk in Australia.
考点精讲2：关系代词wh 和whm的用法
Thse wh want t g t the Great Wall sign up here.
I met a girl in the street yesterday wh grew up in Yunnan prvince.
Mr Wang is my favrite teacher, whm I trust very much.
The persn t whm yu just talked is Mr. Depp.
【即时训练】用关系代词wh, whm, whse填空。
7. The ld man has tw sns, bth f _________ are lawyers.
8. The girl _________ wn the first prize in the cntest is frm Zhejiang.
9. One _________ has nthing t fear fr neself dares t tell the truth.
10. In my pinin, anyne _________ is anxius abut the result will fail after all.
11. The rescue teams attempted t rescue the peple________ were trapped in the ruins and dust.
12. There is a lake near ur schlyard ________ depth is beynd yur expectatin.
13. They want t establish a cmmittee r a special academy _______ jb is t give recgnitin t new drugs.
14. An idim is a grup f wrds _________ meaning is different frm the meanings f the individual wrds.
15.（2016全国III卷）Sme peple think that the great Chinese schlar Cnfucius, __________lived frm rughly 551 t 479 B.C., influenced the develpment f chpsticks.
考点清单三、关系副词where典型用法归纳
要点精讲：
This is the hspital where my sister used t wrk. (the hspital是先行词，where是关系副词，在从句中作地点状语。)
The shp where I bught this shirt is nt far frm here.我买这件衬衫的商店离这里不远。（定语从句是主谓宾结构，不缺少宾语）
We have reached the pint where a change is needed. 我们已经到了需要改变的地步。（先行词pint是抽象地点）
I dn’t want a jb where I’m chained t a desk all day. 我不想找一份整天坐办公桌前的工作。（先行词jb是抽象地点）
It's put me in a psitin where I can't affrd t take a jb. 这使我陷入一种不能接受此工作的境地。（先行词psitin是抽象地点）
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1. The accident happened at the pint _______ the A15 jins the M1.
2. Remember that there is still ne pint _______ we must make clear tmrrw.
3. Tday, we’ll discuss sme cases _____ beginners f English fail t use the language prperly.
4. He wrte a letter __________ he explained what had happened in the accident.
5. She wants a jb __________ her management skills can be put t gd use.
6. (2018江苏) Self-driving is an area __________ China and the rest f the wrld are n the same starting line.
7. He fell int the cnditin __________where his heart disqualified him fr military service.
考点清单四、关系副词when典型用法归纳
要点精讲：
D yu remember the day when we first met? 你还记得我们第一次见面的那一天吗？（定语从句是主谓结构，不缺少宾语）
There are ccasins when ne must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。（先行词ccasins是典型时间名词）
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1. I will never frget the mnths ________I spent with my cusin in Beijing.
2. Peple are living in an age ________many jbs are dne n cmputer.
3. The days are gne ________ physical strength was all yu needed t make a living.
4. She’ll never frget her stay there ________ she fund her sn wh went missing tw years befre.
考点清单五、关系副词why 典型用法归纳
要点精讲：
I dn’t knw the reasn why he came s late. 我不知道他来得那么晚的原因。（定语从句是主谓结构）
The reasn why he is late is that he failed t catch the first bus. 他迟到的原因是他没能赶上第一班公共汽车。
The reasn that he gave fr being late is that he failed t catch the first bus. 他给出迟到的原因是他没能赶上第一班公共汽车。
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1. D yu knw the reasn _______Jim failed t cme tday?
2. The reasn _________Jim failed t cme was ________he was seriusly ill.
3. Culd yu tell me the reasn _________ he gave yu yesterday?
考点清单六、如何区分先行词作状语还是宾语
要点精讲：先行词是地点名词，关系词不一定用where；先行词是时间名词，关系词不一定用when；先行词是原因名词，关系词不一定用why；窍门：学会分析句子成分，原句含有主谓宾或者不缺少宾语才能用关系副词；原句缺少主语或 宾语才能用关系代词。
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1. D yu still remember the days________ we traveled tgether?
2. D yu still remember the days________ we spent tgether?
3. Is this the museum ______ yu nce wrked?
4. Is this the museum ______ yu nce paid a visit t?
5. Is this the reasn _______he was absent frm schl yesterday?
6. Is this the reasn _______he gave fr absence frm schl yesterday?
7. Anyway, that evening, ______I’ll tell yu mre abut later, I ended up staying at Rachel’s place.
考点清单七、关系代词as典型用法归纳
要点精讲1：as引导限制性定语从句的用法
1. 用作关系代词，引导限制性定语从句，作从句的主语、宾语；
2. 用于such…as…, s…as…, the same…as…, the same…that句型。注意定语从句关系词作主语或宾语，而s…that…, such…that…引导结果状语从句，that只起连接作用不作句子成分。
3. 注意the same…as…强调“和……是同一类”；the same…that…强调“和……是同一个”。
I never heard such stries as he tells．我从未听过像他讲的那种故事。
They have never read s many bks as I read last year. 他们从来都没有读过像我去年读过的那些书。
This is the same dictinary as I lst yesterday. 这本词典和我昨天丢的那本一样。（不是同一本词典）
He is the same by that helped me yesterday. 他是昨天帮过我的那个男孩。（指同一个男孩）
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1. Ls Angeles is such an attractive place _______everyne likes t visit.
2. Ls Angeles is such an attractive place _______everyne likes t visit it.
3. This is ______difficult a prblem _____n ne can wrk ut.
4. This is ______difficult a prblem _____n ne can wrk it ut.
5. My pen is missing. I’d like t buy the same pen _______I lst.
6. Jenny is s happy, fr she has fund the same pen ______ she lst yesterday.
要点精讲2：as引导非限制性定语从句的用法
As is knwn t all, Taiwan belngs t China.众所周知，台湾属于中国。（as引导非限制性定语从句且位于句首）
Taiwan, as is knwn t all, belngs t China. 众所周知，台湾属于中国。（as引导非限制性定语从句且位于句中）
She has married again, as was expected. 不出所料，她又结婚了。（as引导非限制性定语从句且位于句末）
As is ften the case, girls like dlls while bys like guns. 女孩子喜欢玩具而男孩子喜欢枪，这是常见的情况。
He sld his new car, which made me surprised. 他把车卖掉，这让我很吃惊。
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
7. He failed in the driving test again, _________surprised us all.
8. He failed in the driving test again, _________we had expected.
9. _________ is ften the case with Jim, he was fined fr speeding.
10. The air quality in the city, ______ is shwn in the reprt, has imprved ver the past tw mnths.
考点清单八、定语从句“介词+关系代词”结构
要点精讲：
I'll never frget the day n which we mved t ur huse.（先行词the day常与介词n连用）
Can yu tell me the reasn fr which yu are s late? （先行词the reasn常与介词fr连用）
Is this the car fr which yu paid a high price?（定语从句谓语动词pay fr是固定搭配）
Mathematics is the subject in which I am mst interested. （定语从句谓语动词be interested in是固定搭配）
D yu like the teacher frm whm she learned a lt? （定语从句谓语动词learn frm…是固定搭配）
My cmputer, withut which I can’t surf the Internet, brke dwn yesterday. （定语从句根据语境应用withut which）
In ur class there are 50 students, half f whm wear glasses. （定语从句根据语境应用f whm）
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1. D yu remember the day we first met?
2. D yu remember the mnth we first met?
3. This is the skirt she paid $100.
4. This is the skirt she spent $100.
5. This is my English teacher, I’ve learned a lt.
6. This is my English teacher, help I culdn’t have made such rapid prgress.
7. Can yu tell me the way yu slve the prblem？
考点清单九、定语从句中的主谓一致典型用法
要点精讲1：先行词作主语，that/which/wh从句谓语动词和主语保持一致。
Anyne wh fails t finish the task given shuld be criticized.任何人不能完成指定的任务，都应受到批评。
Thse wh want t g t the Great Wall sign up here.凡是想去长城的人在这里签名。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Anyne wh ___________(want) t see the film shuld put up yur hands.
2. I, wh __________(be) yur friend, can understand yu.
3. There are many yung peple wh __________(be) keen n flk music.
要点精讲2：先行词是ne f…结构，定语从句谓语用复数；先行词是the nly /very ne f…，定语从句谓语用单数。
He is ne f the students wh have read the bk. 他是看过这本书的学生中的一位。
She is the nly ne f the girls wh knws English. 她是那些女孩中唯一一位懂英语的。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
4. He is ne f the students wh ________ (praise) at yesterday’s meeting.
5. He is the nly ne f the students wh ______________(praise) at yesterday’s meeting.
考点清单十、分割型定语从句及强调句型、名词性从句变式考查
要点精讲：
Occasins are quite rare when I have the time t spend a day with my kids. 我有时间和孩子们度过一天的场合很罕见。（分割性定语从句）
It is in the factry which yu are visiting that this kind f cmputer is made. 这种电脑是在你们正在参观的工厂里生产出来的。（强调句型和定语从句混合考查）
The news that ur team wn the game made us excited. 我们队获胜的消息令我们很激动。（that引导同位语从句，且that不作句子成分）
The news that he tld us just nw made us very excited. 他刚才告诉我们的消息令我们很激动。（that引导定语从句，且that不作从句的宾语）
【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1. The village has develped a lt __________ we learned farming tw years ag.
2. It was in the backyard ________ my father planted many vegetables ________ he dug up a statue.
3. He wrte a lt f nvels, many f _________ were translated int freign languages.
4. He wrte a lt f nvels, and many f _______ were translated int freign languages.
5. A new schl will be built in _________was a wasteland a few years ag.
分层训练（一）五年定语从句高考真题题组
〖2024年高考真题题组〗
1.（2024新课标I卷） The Glasshuse stands as a great achievement in cntemprary design, t huse the plants f the suthwestern part f China at the end f a path retracing (追溯) the steps alng the Silk Rute ____64____ brught the plants frm their native habitat in Asia t cme t define much f the richness f gardening in England.
2.（2024全国甲卷）Yellwstne was the largest United States natinal park - 2.2 millin acres - until Wrangell-Saint Elias in suthern Alaska, became a natinal mnument in 1978, tk the hnrs as a natinal park in 1980 with 12.3 millin acres.
3.（2024浙江1月卷）Of curse, shps are nt charities — they price gds in the way _________ will make them the mst mney.
〖2023年高考真题题组〗
1.（2023全国甲卷）Yet, the frm f the fable still has values tday, 63 Rachel Carsn says in “A Fable fr Tmrrw”.
2.（2023全国甲卷）“There was nce a twn in the heart f America, 64 all life seemed t enjy peaceful existence with is surrundings,” her fable begins, brrwing sme familiar wrds frm many age-ld fables.
3.（2023全国甲卷）She even played sme recrdings f their singing, what was fun.
4.（2023全国乙卷）But fr all its ancient buildings, Beijing is als a place 63 welcmes the fast-paced develpment f mdern life, with 21st-century architectural wnders standing side by side with histrical buildings f the past.
5.（2023全国乙卷）The clr she chse came in a bx which had a picture f a wman that hair clr lked just perfect.
6．(2022天津3月卷) Kenny still remembers the class discussin ________the teacher asked students t share what they wanted t be when they grew up.
A．whyB．whichC．thatD．where
〖2022年高考真题题组〗
1.（2022新高考I卷）The GPNP is intended t prvide strnger prtectin fr all the species ____65____ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly imprve the health f the ecsystem in the area.
2.（2022全国甲卷）On the 1,100. Kilmeter jurney, the man Ca Shengkang, _________ lst his eyesight at the age f eight in a car accident, crssed 40 cities and cunties in three prvince.
3.（2022年浙江1月）Kim Cbb, a prfessr at the Gergia Institute f Technlgy in Atlanta, is ne f a small but grwing minrity f academics __________ are cutting back n their air travel because f climate change.
4.（2022全国乙卷）Just see hw cars have taken ver ur cities. They ften run at high speeds, what may put ur lives in danger.
5. (2022天津卷) Guide bks are prepared t suit the cnvenience f the traveler, ________ rutes rund a city r a site are ften suggested.
A. fr whichB. with which
C. fr whmD. with whm
〖2021年高考真题题组〗
1.（2021新高考II卷）I decided that if I learned f a cmpany___________ used a lt f plastic, I'd send it an email urging it t cut back.
2.（2021浙江卷）BMI is an internatinally recgnized measurement tl ________ gives an indicatin f whether smene is a healthy weight.
3.（2021天津卷）In the spring, a seasn ________ we are learning new rhythms f life，many f us find cmfrt in the natural wrld.
A. whenB. whereC. whatD. which
4.（2021北京卷）When yu sleep, yur brain srts thrugh everything ____12____ happened during the day，trying t link new experiences t ld memries.
〖2020年高考真题题组〗
1.（2020全国I卷）Because the mn’s bdy blcks direct radi cmmunicatin with a prbe, China first had t put a satellite in rbit abve the mn in a spt __________ it culd send signals t the spacecraft and t Earth.
2.（2020全国III卷）In ancient China lived an artist______ paintings were almst lifelike.
3.（2020全国II卷）Thank yu fr yur letter, what really made me happy.
4.（2020全国III卷）Understanding her gd intentins, I eat all the fd what is prvided by Mm with appreciatin.
分层训练（二）定语从句易混对比十组
Grup 1
1. The rphan came frm Hainan Prvince, ___________ is far away frm here.
2. The rphan came frm Hainan Prvince, ___________ lst his parents when he was a baby.
Grup 2
3. The huse ___________ windw faces suth is fr the dctr.
4. The huse ___________ faces suth is fr the dctr.
Grup 3
5. ___________ is well-knwn that China is rich in natural resurces.
6. ___________ is well-knwn t us all is that China is rich in natural resurces.
Grup 4
7. ___________ wh leaves the rm last ught t turn ff the lights.
8. ___________ wh leave the rm last ught t turn ff the lights.
Grup 5
9. We’re just trying t reach a pint ___________ bth sides will sit dwn tgether and talk.
10. Remember that there is still ne pint ___________ we must make clear tmrrw.
Grup 6
11. He wrte a letter __________ explained what had happened in the accident.
12. He wrte a letter __________ he explained what had happened in the accident.
Grup 7
13.I dn’t like the way ___________ yu speak t her.
14.I dn’t like the way___________ isn’t scientific.
Grup 8
15. Chaplin acted in 82 films, many f ___________he wrte and directed himself.
16. Chaplin acted in 82 films; many f ___________he wrte and directed himself.
Grup 9
17. The teacher didn’t knw the reasn ___________she was absent yesterday?
18. The teacher culdn’t accept the reasn ___________ she explained yesterday?
Grup 10
19. Ls Angeles is such an attractive place ___________everyne likes t visit.
20. Ls Angeles is such an attractive place ___________everyne likes t visit it.
分层训练（三）定语从句助力应用文写作升格
书面表达句式升级：请准确运用定语从句翻译下列各句。
1. (2023新高考I卷) 学生们如果与一个相处不够融洽的人分组在一起可能会感到不那么有激情。
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2. (2023全国甲卷) 孔子强调尊重老人这在我们飞速发展的世界中起着指明灯作用。___________________________________________________________________________________________
3. (2022全国甲卷) 设立“世界海洋日”是为了提高保护海洋意识，在全球生态系统中发挥至关重要作用。
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4. (2022新高考I卷) 这是一个很不错栏目，你可以在这里和学生分享自己的想法。
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5. (2022全国甲卷) 面临互联网各种各样信息，我们不能分辨真假，这对于我们的学习和生活非常有害。
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6. (2021全国乙卷) 首先，我们最好在家遵循学校时间表，这肯定会有助于我们学习效率。
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7. (2021新高考I卷) 该报纸推崇很多栏目，其中中国文化是我最喜欢的。
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8. (2021浙江卷) 多数学生看好这次展览，这提供一个平台让他们了解中国之美，体验中国艺术的魅力。
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9. (2020全国I卷) 就我来说，我爸爸是我最崇拜的人。
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10. (2020全国II卷) 我们先采摘那些色彩鲜艳的桃子，然后摘那些成熟柔软的桃子。
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分层训练（四）定语从句助力读后续写升格
1.(2024浙江1月卷)教练的话让她瞪大了眼睛，她简直不敢相信自己居然完成了一英里的跑步，这是她从未想过自己能做到的。
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2. (2024浙江1月卷)她每走一步，都给那些追随她的人留下了灵感的遗产，她知道即使没有明确的方向感，也总有办法找到自己的路。
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3. (2023新高考I卷)我一手拿着奖杯，一手拿着奖状，眼睛投向老师，老师竖起大拇指，眼里闪烁着喜悦和骄傲。
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4. (2023新高考I卷)那匹曾经心存疑虑，一度想过退出的疲惫的马，继续前行，驶向终点。
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5. (2023新高考I卷)我永远不会忘记这段经历，它将永远是我一生中最珍贵的回忆之一。
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6. (2023新高考I卷)我感谢我的老师，他的鼓励和支持让我发现了自己的潜能。
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7. (2023浙江1月卷)我忍不住赶回了那座废弃的房子，它不小心飞了进来，被困在那里，无助而绝望。
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8. (2023浙江1月卷)这是一个真正温暖人心的时刻，永远不会消失。
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9. (2022新高考I卷)大卫又恢复了他一贯的笑容，这给我留下了深刻的印象。心若有志，没有什么是不可能的。。
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10. (2021新高考I卷)妈妈咬了一口三明治，大声说这是她吃过的最好的三明治。
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分类训练（五）外刊原创最新语法填空
神十七神十八两个乘组会师中国空间站
Shenzhu XVIII manned spaceship successfully 1 (dck) with the space statin at 3:32 am n April 26 2024, accrding t the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA). The whle prcess tk 2 (apprximate) 6.5 hurs.
The spaceship, atp a Lng March-2F carrier rcket, blasted ff at 8:59 p.m. frm the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in nrthwest China. Abut 10 3 (minute) after the launch, the Shenzhu-18 spaceship separated frm the rcket 4 entered its designated rbit. The crew members are 5 gd shape and the launch is 6 "cmplete success," the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) annunced.
While in rbit, the Shenzhu-18 spaceship is scheduled 7 (make) a fast, autmated rendezvus and dcking with the space statin cmbinatin. The Shenzhu-18 crew will rtate with the Shenzhu-17 crew in rbit.
The Shenzhu-18 crew members are Ye Guangfu, Li Cng and Li Guangsu, with Ye as the missin 8 (cmmand). The Shenzhu-18 missin marks Ye's secnd jurney int space, 9 (fllw) his previus rle as a crew member during the Shenzhu-13 missin frm Octber 2021 t April 2022. Li Cng and Li Guangsu, 10 belng t the third grup f Chinese astrnauts, are bth embarking n their first-ever space adventure.定语从句五年高考真题考点细目表
年份
卷别
语法填空
短文改错
2024
新课标II卷
that/which

全国甲卷
which
浙江1月卷
that/which
2023
全国甲卷
as, where
what-which
全国乙卷
that/which
that-whse
2022
新高考I卷
that

全国甲卷
wh

全国乙卷

what-which
2021
新高考II卷
that/which

2020
全国I卷
where

全国II卷

what-which
全国III卷
whse
what-that
只用关系代词that场合
典型示例
先行词既为人又为物时
The hrse and its rider that yu tld me are admired by us all.
先行词被序数词修饰时
This is the first film that I have seen since I mved here.
先行词被形容词最高级修饰
The TV twer is the highest building that has been built in this city.
先行词是nthing, anything, all, much, little等不定代词
All that glitters is nt gld.
Is there anything that I can d fr yu?
先行词被nly, very, little, all等限定词修饰时
This is the very pen that I am lking fr.
This is the very bk that I was lking fr.
当主句是以wh 或 which 开头的疑问句时
Which bk is the ne that yu recmmended?
Wh is the persn that yu saw yesterday?
典型场合
典型示例
引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句或主句一部分，标志为逗号。
This is the English dictinary, which cst me $10 yesterday.
Jim passed the driving test, which surprised everybdy in the ffice.
用于“介词+关系代词”结构，如in which, bth f which等，标志为介词。
Is this the rm in which Mr. White lives?
We have entered int an age at which dreams have the best chance f cming true.
1. whse用作关系代词，在定语从句中作定语，先行词指人或物；
2. 有时用于“介词+whse+名词”结构；
3. whse+名词=the +名词+f whm/which=f whm/which+ the +名词。
1. wh用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语，先行词指人，可以与that替换。注意Anyne wh…以及Thse wh…句型。
2. whm用作关系代词，在定语从句中作宾语，先行词指人，可以与that替换。注意whm作宾语，可以省略。
3.whm可以用于“介词+关系代词”结构，wh不能。
1.where用作关系副词，在定语从句作地点状语。注意定语从句可能是主谓结构或主谓宾结构。
2.先行词既可以是具体地点名词，如schl, museum, centre。
3.还可以是抽象名词，如pint, case, situatin, stage, race, psitin, jb等（热点，须牢记）。
1.when用作关系副词，在定语从句作时间状。
2.先行词是具体时间名词，如day, mnth, year。
3.还可以是抽象名词，如age, stay, ccasin等。
1.why用作关系副词，在定语从句作原因状。
2.why还可以用于The reasn why…is that…句型。注意如果定语从句谓语动词是及物动词，则应用关系代词。
1. as用作关系代词，引导非限制性定语从。
2. 位于主句的前、中、后，强调前后逻辑一致，表示“正如……。
3. 从句多含有see, knw, expect, tell, reprt等动词；
4. which和as用法区别：
①位置上：which从句只能位于主句之后，as从句位于主句的前、中、后；
②逻辑上：which强调前后不一；as强调前后逻辑一致，“正如”；
③句式上：which多用于“which+动词+宾语”句型；as多用于as we all knw/see, as is ften the case with sb等句型。
1.先行词指人关系代词用whm，指物关系代词用which；
2.介词选择的原则：一看先行词特殊搭配，如t a degree；二看从句谓语动词搭配，如learn frm；三看整个语境逻辑。特殊结构如in which case, with whse help等。
3.在特定情况下出现“介词+whse+名词”结构，whse作定语
1.先行词与定语从句被谓语动词或介词短语分隔开构成“分割型”定语从句;
2.定语从句与强调句型相结合构成“It is/was+被强调部分+定语从句+that…”句式。
3.定语从句与同位语从句区别：前者起限制作用，后者起解释说明作用，且连接词不能省略。