北京市2023-2024学年高二下学期第一次普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语试卷（Word版附解析）

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考生须知
1.考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。
2.本试卷共10页，四道大题(共100分)。
3.试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。选择题必须用2B铅笔作答;非选择题必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。
4.考试结束后，考生应将试卷和答题卡按要求放在桌面上，待监考员收回。
一、听力理解(共25小题;每小题1分，共25分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1分，共20分)
听下面十段对话或独白，从每题所给的 A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。
听第1段材料，回答第1题。
1. What will the speakers d tmrrw?
A. G fishing. B. G swimming. C. G bating.
听第2段材料，回答第2题。
2. What did the man get fr his birthday?
A. A basketball. B. A phne. C. A watch.
听第3 段材料，回答第3题。
3. What’s the weather like nw?
A. Cludy. B. Rainy. C. Sunny.
听第4段材料，回答第4题。
4. Where is the wman ging n hliday?
A. In China. B. In France. C. In Britain.
听第5段材料，回答第5题至第6题。
5. Wh is ging t meet the man at the airprt?
A. His sister. B. His parents. C. His friend.
6. Where will the wman g frm the airprt?
A. T her hme. B. T a supermarket. C. T her mther’s ffice.
听第6段材料，回答第7题至第8题。
7. Which subway line shuld the man take?
A. Line 1. B. Line 2. C. Line 4.
8. What is the wman ding?
A. Placing an rder. B. Giving directins. C. Making an invitatin.
听第7段材料，回答第9题至第11题。
9. What fd will the speakers have this evening?
A. Indian fd. B. Chinese fd. C. Thai fd.
10. When are the speakers ging t have dinner?
A. At 6:30 pm. B. At 7 pm. C. At 8 pm.
11. What is the prbable relatinship between the tw speakers?
A. Husband and wife.
B. Dctr and patient.
C. Teacher and student.
听第8段材料，回答第12题至第14题。
12. What’s wrng with the wman?
A. She has a fever.
B She has a headache.
C. She has a running nse.
13. Hw lng has the wman been like that?
A. Fr tw days. B. Fr three days. C. Fr a week.
14. What will the wman prbably d tmrrw?
A. See the dctr. B. G t schl. C. Rest at hme.
听第9段材料，回答第15题至第17题。
15. When will the students leave fr the camping trip?
A. On Mnday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Saturday.
16. Hw will the students g n the schl trip this time?
A. By train. B. By bus. C. By bat.
17. What d the students need t bring fr the trip?
A. Water. B. Fd. C. Shes.
听第10段材料，回答第18题至第20题。
18. Where is the man ging?
A. T the library. B. T the cafe. C. T his hme.
19. Why des the man have a part-time jb?
A. T have fun. B. T earn mney. C. T get experience.
20. What’s the wman’s advice t the man?
A. T manage his wrk better.
B. T deal with his studies first.
C. T take fewer curses next term.
第二节(共5小题;每小题1分，共5分)
听下面一段对话，根据题目要求在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下第21题至第25题的关键信息。此段对话你将听两遍。
二、完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
One bus driver fr the Nrth Elementary Schl can nw add lifesaver t her experiences after a student started chking (窒息) n her bus last mnth.
On Sept.29 bus driver Raquel Baker began her wrk just like any ther drivers and was abut t drp ff students at the schl gate when smething went wrng. Vide frm the schl bus shwed 7-year-ld Prestn putting smething in his ____1____ and then drpping dwn between the seats, clearly in ____2____ .
It was hard fr the by t ____3____ a wrd but he managed t mentin smething abut a cin. Baker ____4____ std up, tk hld f him and ran ut f the ____5____ .“On my way t the sidewalk, I was actually perfrming the Heimlich maneuver (海姆利克氏操作法),” she said.
Prestn hardly ____6____ and Baker didn’t waste any time t jump int actin. The whle time she was saying, “Baby, breathe, baby, breathe.”
Prestn was blue in the face. Baker saw a parent and asked her t call 911. “All I culd think f was I had t ____7____ this by,” Baker said. She had never perfrmed the Heimlich befre, but her ____8____ n the first aid given by the schl ne mnth ag wrked. “I was ____9____ at the time, but I just culdn’t be scared,” she said. She didn’t even realize when the ____10____ flew ut f Prestn’s muth until Prestn said, “Miss Baker, I’m OK. I can breathe.”
Prestn’s mum was ____11____ fr Baker’s help. The schl’s headmaster was als tuched and ____12____ her fr her life-saving wrk. “As f tday, I’m still in shck. I really can’t believe that this actually happened. I didn’t really realize what a big ____13____ I had,” Baker said.
Until tday Bake r still desn’t knw hw she gt the ____14____ t d what she did that day, ____15____ she knws this, “If I wasn’t there, ther drivers may have dne it as well,” Bake r said.
1.
A. bagB. bttleC. muthD. pcket
2.
A. dangerB. peaceC. surpriseD. silence
3.
A. writeB. sayC. spellD. hear
4.
A. luckilyB. frmallyC. quietlyD. quickly
5.
A. busB. rmC. yardD. schl
6.
A. sleptB. breathedC. sawD. listened
7.
A. findB. feedC. saveD. meet
8.
A. habitB. trainingC. beliefD. incme
9.
A. nervusB. gladC. disappintedD. curius
10.
A. eraserB. chalkC. keyD. cin
11.
A. srryB. sadC. anxiusD. thankful
12.
A crrectedB. changedC. hnredD. cured
13.
A. futureB. impactC. dreamD. mistake
14.
A. permitB. rightC. methdD. curage
15.
A. rB. sC. butD. fr
三、阅读理解(共两节，40分)
第一节(共16小题;每小题2分，共32分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
A huseplant is pretty t lk at and brings fresh air t yur hme. Besides, lking after a plant will give yu smething mre t d and care abut. Let’s lk at the fur best huseplants yu can grw.
S what are yu fr? Chse the ne that attracts yu mst, and give yur hme a wnderful additin.
16. Which f the fllwing can serve as a Christmas tree?
A. Australian pine.B. Dracaena.C. Grape ivy.D. Pepermia.
17. When keeping Dracaena as a huseplant, yu shuld________.
A. be careful with mitesB. hang it frm the celling
C. keep dgs away frm itD. leave the surface f the sil wet
18. What d yu knw abut Pepermia?
A. Its leaves are shrt.B. It is small in size.
C. It likes much water.D. It is a climbing plant.
19. In which sectin f a website can yu mst likely find the passage?
A. Plitics.B. Business.C. Travel.D. Life.
B
Best friends Tmmy, 17, and Daniel, 15, decided t sign up fr their schl’s rbtics team in their freshman year, and began their jurney twards changing lives fr the better.
They began their wrk with 3D printers t create parts fr their rbts, but they wanted their impact t be greater. “It started ff with a team idea,” Tmmy said. “We were trying t figure ut hw we culd make a difference t sciety as a first-year rbtics team. We later thught f the idea f using 3D printers t make prstheses (假肢), like hands.”
The team wrked with IMAHelps, a nnprfit rganizatin, and received help frm the Science Rbtics Initiative. Shrtly after, they began wrking with their first persn in need f a prsthesis.
“We started ff with making an artificial (人造的) arm fr Samantha, a 12-year-ld little girl in Ecuadr wh lst her arm in a bus accident,” Tmmy explains. “We gt her measurements and then made the prsthesis. IMAHelps brught it t Samantha and it fit her perfectly and wrked well.”
“Samantha had a dream t write, and we wanted t help with that,” adds Daniel.
It didn’t take lng fr ther kids t see Samantha’s prsthesis. A yung man named Ernest Priester, 13, asked t have an artificial ft. Later, the team ffered t make him ne fr free. “He started tearing up. It brught s much jy t his eyes.” Tmmy says.
This July, the team traveled t Ecuadr t deliver fur mre prstheses t thse in need. “We were s happy t help,” Tmmy shares.
The team als plans n cntinuing t give away their 3D creatins. “Yu can d whatever yu want t d when it cmes t helping peple and changing the wrld,” Tmmy says. “There are n age limits.”
“By ffering a little bit,” adds Daniel. “We can change a lt.”
20. T make the rbtics team’s impact greater Tmmy and Daniel decided t________.
A. create rbt partsB. start a rbtics curse
C. make prsthesesD. invent a 3D printer
21. What did the rbtics team d fr Samantha?
A. They set up IMAHelps fr her.B. They made her an artificial arm.
C. They ffered her medical treatment.D. They gave her instructins n writing.
22. Hw des Tmmy feel abut what they are ding?
A. Curius.B. Relaxed.C. Regretful.D. Pleased.
23. Which f the fllwing wrds can best describe Tmmy and Daniel?
A. Caring.B. Calm.C. Hnest.D. Brave.
C
In late June, tw cmpanies were given permits t sell chicken meat that has been grwn in a lab. The cmpanies say they will be serving the meat in restaurants this summer.
Unlike nrmal chicken meat, lab-grwn meat isn’t created by raising and killing chickens. Instead, it’s a meat prduct develped frm animal cells that are grw n in a lab. The prcess is called “cell-based” r “cultured” meat.
The prcess f creating lab-grwn meat is cmpletely different frm the nrmal meat raising prcess. Scientists have knwn fr a lng time hw t keep living cells alive and grw them in a lab. In this case, experts chse cells that can grw quickly and will have gd flavur. The first cells cme frm live animals. Then the cells are grwn inside large steel tanks, where they’re fed with everything they need t grw. In a few weeks, the cells grw int sheets f meat. The cmpanies then frm this meat int mre familiar shapes that can be cked and sld.
The cmpanies say that their meat is better fr the envirnment than meat frm animals. Raising animals fr fd uses huge amunts f land and water. It als creates a lt f pllutin. Raising animals fr fd create s abut 15% f the wrld’s greenhuse gases. That’s why cutting back n eating meat is ne f the easiest ways t fight climate change.
There are many cmpanies these days that fcus n making plant-based meat substitutes (替代物). But since lab-grwn meat is made frm animal cells, it is very hard t tell it apart frm actual meat. It lks, smells, and tastes like chicken.
Plls (民意调查) have shwn that many peple aren’t t interested in lab-grwn meat. Lts f peple believe that “it just sunds strange”. But Russel Phillips, a bilgist, suggests peple give it a try. He says that nce peple try the meat, they will be amazed. The cmmn respnse must be, “Oh, it tastes like chicken.”
But right nw, the meat is far mre expensive than meat frm animals. Nw that the cmpanies have been apprved, they have the huge challenge f figuring ut hw t make much mre meat far mre cheaply. It will prbably be a lng time befre yu’re able t buy lab-grwn chicken in stres.
24. T prduce lab-grwn meat, the cmpanies shuld________.
A. study hw t feed live animals.B. decide where t stre meat prducts.
C. add different flavurs t sheets f meat.D. select cells suitable fr prducing meat.
25. As fr prducing lab-grwn meat, Paragraph 4 is mainly abut its________.
A. future.B. advantage.C. techniques.D. prcess.
26. What is Russel Phillips’ attitude tward lab-grwn meat?
A. Dubtful.B. Wrried.C. Supprtive.D. Uninterested.
27. The lab-grwn meat still has a prblem with its________.
A. quality.B. safety.C. price.D. taste.
D
Hundreds f dead migrating (迁徙) sngbirds cvered the grund like a carpet n Thursday in Chicag.
Nearly 1,000 sngbirds died thrughut the night after crashing int the glass f the McCrmick Place Lakeside Center due t a deadly cmbinatin f excellent migratry cnditins, rain, and the lw building’s lighting and windw-lined walls, accrding t bird experts.
Windw hits are a prblem in almst every majr city in the United States. Birds cannt see transparent (透明的) r reflecting glass and are unaware that it is a dangerus blck. They rush fr plants r bushes they see thrugh windws r reflected in them, killing themselves in the prcess.
Night-migrating birds depend n the stars fr directin. Building lights bth attract and cnfuse them, resulting in windw hits r birds flying arund the lights until they die f exhaustin, a phenmenn knwn as deadly light attractin.
Accrding t Stan Temple, a retired bird expert frm University f Wiscnsin-Madisn, cnditins were ideal fr a big wave f sngbird suthern migratin ver Chicag n Wednesday evening. “Yu had all these birds that were just eager t set ut, but they’ve been held up with this unusual September and Octber with temperatures way abve nrmal,” Temple said.
T avid irregular air mvements and predatrs (捕食者), little sngbirds graze t absrb energy during the day and travel at night. They’ve been waiting fr nrth winds t push them suth, but September’s unusually warm suth winds left the birds in a hlding psitin here, accrding t Temple. A wind mved suth n Wednesday evening, ffering a gd chance, and millins f birds tk t the air.
“Pre-dawn rain frced the birds t fly lw, and they fund McCrmick Place’s lights n,” said David Willard, a manager at the Chicag Field Museum.
Accrding t Ann a Pidgen, a bird bilgist at the University f Wiscnsin-Madisn, windw hits and deadly light attractin are simply avidable. Building managers can simply decrease their lights, and building designers can create windws with bird-friendly marks in the glass. Peple can als add screens, paint their windws, r put stickers n the glass.
28. Which f the fllwing prbably caused the sngbirds’ death in Chicag?
A. Windw hits.B. Hunger.C. Diseases.D. Bird hunts.
29. What des the underlined wrd “graze” in Paragraph 6 prbably mean?
A. Play.B. Eat.C. Grw.D. Wait.
30. What des the last paragraph mainly talk abut?
A. The imprtance f prtecting birds.B. The predictin f the sngbirds’ future.
C. The further study f the sngbird event.D. The ways t avid the disaster fr birds.
31. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Human activities have affected wild life.B. Climate change is challenging the wrld.
C. Technlgy helps the prtectin f nature.D. Animals learn t adapt t the envirnment.
第二节(共4小题;每小题2分，共8分)
阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。
阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，完成对该问题的回答。
If yu enjy walking fr exercise, there’s a simple way t meet yur demand—change yur walk int a ruck, and it’s an increasingly ppular frm f exercise.
Rucking is walking with weight n yur back. The term “rucking” cmes frm ruck marching a cre skill used by the military arund the wrld. One f the tests the army nrmally gives t sldiers is a 12-mile ruck, which they must cmplete within three hurs while carrying a weight f at least 35 punds.
The reasn why rucking is grwing in ppularity is that it’s an easy and all-bdy exercise. One study in 2019 shwed that 10 weeks f weighted walking imprved physical perfrmance. Since rucking is usually perfrmed utdrs, there is n dubt that it’s als gd fr yur mental health. Lts f studies suggest that the mental health benefits f being in a natural envirnment are huge.
There are several tips fr yur rucking when yu get started. First, dn’t be t eager. As with any new exercise, yu’ll need t begin slwly. Start with an empty backpack (背包) and walk a distance yu’ve already dne. When yu start adding weight t yur pack, try smething lw, like 10% f yur bdy weight. Adding weight is ging t put mre stress n yur ankles, knees, hips and back, s d it gradually. Anther ptin is t start with a weighted vest (背心) instead f a backpack. This spreads the weight between yur frnt and back. And f curse, dn’t frget yur feet. Select a cmfrtable pair f shes t prevent getting hurt.
32. What is rucking?(不多于六个单词)
________________________________________________________________________________________
33. Why is rucking ppular?(不多于六个单词)
_________________________________________________________________________________________
34. Where is rucking usually perfrmed?(不多于一个单词)
_________________________________________________________________________________________
35. What is the last paragraph mainly abut?(不多于三个单词)
_________________________________________________________________________________________
四、书面表达(共1小题，20分)
36. 根据题目所提出的具体要求，在答题卡上写出一篇连贯完整的英语短文。词数不少于60。
假设你是李华，你校本周一举行了消防演练(fire drill)活动。请给校报英语专栏写一篇稿件，记录演练过程并表达感想。可参考如下内容。
开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。
·g ut f the classrm when hearing the fire alarm g ff
·g dwnstairs, use a twel t cver the nse and muth
·take us three minutes t reach the sprts field
·the firemen praise us
·…
In rder t raise ur safety awareness and practise ur skills fr self-prtectin, we had a fire drill in ur schl this Mnday.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力答案：1. B 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. C 11. A 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. B 16. A 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. B 21. Wyeth/WYETH 22. Friday 23. park 24.624783 25. mrningGuitar Lessns
Teacher’s name: Alisn ___21___
Time t give lessns: Every ___22___ afternn
Place fr lessns: 34 Purley Lane, near the city ___23___
Teacher’s phne number: ___24___
Time t call the teacher: Tmrrw ___25___
Australian Pine
A perfect “living decratin” t add in yur huse, it is gd t lk at and has a cmfrting feel. It can als serve as the perfect Christmas tree. It grws arund 10 feet tall indrs. Remember that it requires plenty f light and fresh air. Otherwise, it becmes weak and an easy target fr mites (螨虫).
Dracaena
The green and yellw pattern n its leaves lks great. It can grw t be arund 10 feet tall. Just make sure yu keep the sil surface dry between yur watering perids because it gets influenced by t much water. Als, having this plant arund a dg can be dangerus. It can be pisnus t dgs if they eat it.
Grape Ivy
If yu want smething ff the ceiling (天花板), this huseplant is the ne fr yu. It’s a climbing plant, and it will make fr a beautiful hanging basket decratin. The plant is full f life wherever it is hung. It needs t be kept wet in all its parts fr gd grwth.
Pepermia
It is little in size, with lng leaves. It adds energy t yur living rm and creates a cmfrting envirnment. As it’s nt a very tall plant, yu needn’t wrry abut hw much space it will take up. The plant likes a dry surface f the sil.