[英语]江苏省镇江地区2023-2024学年高二上学期开学试题(解析版)

这是一份[英语]江苏省镇江地区2023-2024学年高二上学期开学试题(解析版)，共25页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Wh is the wman prbably talking t?
A. An assistant.B. A deliveryman.C. A patient.
【答案】A
2. What is the weather like?
A. Sunny.B. Windy.C. Snwy.
【答案】B
3. When is the man leaving fr Russia?
A. At 6:00 p. m.B. At 1:00 p. m.C. At 8:00 a. m.
【答案】C
4. What des the man want at first?
A. An egg.B. A glass f water.C. Sme cffee.
【答案】C
5. Where is the supermarket?
A. On Green Street.B. Beside a flwer stre.C. Oppsite a flwer stre.
【答案】B
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. What des the man say abut the first shirt?
A. It is similar t ne f his ld shirts.
B. Its clr desn’t suit him.
C. Its price is t high.
7. Which shirt will the man buy?
A. The white ne.B. The green ne.C. The black ne.
【答案】6. C 7. B
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What will the wman prbably d at Christmas?
A. Stay at hme alne.
B. G shpping with her sn.
C. Have dinner with the man’s family.
9. Where is the man likely t shp?
A. At the mall.B. At the bkstre.C. At nline shps
10. What present will the wman give the man?
A. A tea bx.B. Bks.C. Chinese tea.
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. A
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11. What example des the man give t prve his pint?
A. His aunt’s example.B. His father’s example.C. His wn example.
12. What did the man d last mnth?
A. He tk part in a cmpetitin.
B. He learned t play the vilin.
C. He taught his father t play the guitar.
13. What des Susan’s example prve?
A. Hard wrk is mre imprtant.
B. Talent is mre imprtant.
C. Talent is as imprtant as hard wrk.
【答案】11. C 12. A 13. B
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14. Why des the man speak Chinese well?
A. Because his clleagues are Chinese.
B. Because he likes watching Chinese mvies.
C. Because his cmpany des business with Chinese firms.
15. What kind f Chinese mvies des the man especially like?
A. War films.B. Cmedies.C. Actin mvies.
16. What des the man suggest the wman d?
A. Check mvie reviews.
B. Speak Chinese mre ften.
C. Watch the mvie herself.
【答案】14. B 15. A 16. C
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. Which reslutin did the speaker mstly stick t last year?
A. Exercising every day.
B. Quitting scial media.
C. Ding 20-minute husewrk each day.
18. Hw lng des the speaker spend n her phne every day?
A. One t tw hurs.B. Tw t three hurs.C. Three t fur hurs.
19. What percentage f peple typically make New Year’s reslutins?
A. At least 25%.B. Mre than 35%.C. Arund 45%.
20. Why d peple make reslutins n January 1st?
A. T fllw the cultural traditin.
B. T decrease the bstacles f ld habits.
C. T increase the chances f achieving their gals.
【答案】17. A 18. B 19. A 20. C
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Bks Yu Wn’t Put Dwn
The Unequal Twins by Sylva Kanderal
What if ... the twins Ava and Ze, wh culd hardly be distinguished frm each ther visually and wh culd nt have been mre different in character, had t g thrugh extreme envy? Where des that trail lead t? T a ttal lss f their cnnectin, r their finding the lst path t each ther again?
www. xlibris. cm Hardback $28. 99 | Paperback $16. 99 |E-bk $3. 99
Qutes frm the Quiver by Dante P. Galiber
Inspired by time, space, and human interactin, this cllectin ffers a series f riginal ideas and qutatins designed t uplift and enlighten its readers.
www. authrhuse. cm Hardback $43. 99 | Paperback $22. 99 | E-bk $3. 99
Jhnny: Catching Fire by Aarn Allen
Jhnny was given the strength f Samsn(大力士). Nw, he must decide whether t use his pwer fr gd r t get even with thse wh bullied him at schl.
www. xlibris. cm Hardback $22. 99 | Paperback $16. 99 | E-bk $3. 99
Ting Ting, the Girl Wh Saved China by Ryan O’Cnnr
Ting Ting, the Girl Wh Saved China prvides insights int China’s biggest hliday, gives a sense f its culture, and shws that girls are just strng and brave enugh t be herines.
www. xlibris. cm Hardback $22. 99 | Paperback $16. 99 | E-bk $3. 95
Hw t Help Yurself t Be Wh Yu Want t Be by Pam Grewall
This self-imprvement bk ffers a simple guide t help its readers recgnize their strengths and weaknesses and t understand hw t make their wn fate.
www. iuniverse. cm Hardback $23. 99 | Paperback $13. 99 | E-bk $3. 99
21. If yu are interested in sme qutatins t inspire yurself, yu wuld prefer the bk f ______.
A. Dante P. Galiber.B. Pam Grewall.
C. Sylva Kanderal.D. Aarn Allen.
22. Which bk may be mst suitable fr thse wh want t redirect their lives?
A. Qutes frm the Ouiver. B. The Unequal Twins.
C. Jhnny: Catching Fire. D. Hw t Help Yurself t Be Wh Yu Want t Be.
23. What d these five bks have in cmmn?
A. They all cme ut frm the same press.
B. They are all sld at the same price as the e-bk.
C. They are all available at the same website.
D. They are all set in the real wrld.
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B
【语篇解读】本文是应用文。文章介绍了五部你不想放下的有趣的书籍。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Qutes frm the Quiver by Dante P. Galiber部分的“Inspired by time, space, and human interactin, this cllectin ffers a series f riginal ideas and qutatins designed t uplift and enlighten its readers.( 受时间、空间和人类互动的启发，这本书提供了一系列原创的想法和语录，旨在提升和启发读者)”可知，如果你想要一些语录来激励自己，你会更喜欢Dante P. Galiber的Qutes frm the Quiver故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Hw t Help Yurself t Be Wh Yu Want t Be by Pam Grewall 部分的“This self-imprvement bk ffers a simple guide t help its readers recgnize their strengths and weaknesses and t understand hw t make their wn fate.( 这本自我提升的书提供了一个简单的指南，帮助读者认识到自己的长处和短处，并了解如何创造自己的命运)”可知，Hw t Help Yurself t Be Wh Yu Want t Be. 是一本自我提升的书，帮助读者认识到自己的长处和短处，最适合那些想改变生活方向的人。故选D。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Unequal Twins by Sylva Kanderal的“www. xlibris. cm Hardback $28. 99 | Paperback $16. 99 |E-bk $3. 99”； Qutes frm the Quiver by Dante P. Galiber的“www. authrhuse. cm Hardback $43. 99 | Paperback $22. 99 | E-bk $3. 99”，Jhnny: Catching Fire by Aarn Allen的“www. xlibris. cm Hardback $22. 99 | Paperback $16. 99 | E-bk $3. 99”；Ting Ting, the Girl Wh Saved China by Ryan O’Cnnr的“www. xlibris. cm Hardback $22. 99 | Paperback $16. 99 | E-bk $3. 95”；Hw t Help Yurself t Be Wh Yu Want t Be by Pam Grewall的“www. iuniverse. cm Hardback $23. 99 | Paperback $13. 99 | E-bk $3. 99”可知，这五本书的电子书价格是一样的。故选B。
B
Prehistric peple may have used firelight t create the illusin (错觉) f mvement in their art. An analysis f 50 carved stnes dug ut in France suggests that when the stnes were placed near a fire, the light made the carved animals seem t mve, researchers reprt April 20 in PLOS ONE. These stnes, r “plaquettes” ware fund in the 1860s in a rck-shelter called Mntastruc, and are carved with animals such as hrses and deer. The site was used by Magdalenian peple, hunter-gatherers wh inhabited (居住) the area between 23, 000 and14, 000 years ag.
The researchers analyzed heat damage n the stnes, which indicated them being directly expsed t high temperatures fr a lng perid, and created 3-D mdels f the stnes. Thse mdels were imprted t a virtual reality sftware where they were placed next t a virtual hearth (壁炉炉床) s that the areas f heat damage were clsest t the flames, mimicking (模拟) hw the stnes might have been placed in real life. The researchers then bserved the visual effects f the virtual reality light.
It was surprising t see hw dynamic the art was and “hw changed yur experience f the art was by a simple thing, just putting it clse t a fire,” says Andy Needham, an archaelgist at the University f Yrk in England. The wrk suggests that the artists purpsely carved alng the utline f the rck t influence viewers t see meaningful mvement thrugh the randm pattern f firelight, he says.
The finding adds t archaelgists’ understandings f the relatinship between early peple’s artwrk and fire. Anther recent study fund that Stne Age humans created “hidden” art in dark caves which culd be lighted and made visible nly with the help f the right lighting.
24. What happened when the 50 prehistric stnes were placed near a fire?
A. The animals carved n them seemed t mve.
B. The fire tk n the shapes f different animals.
C. The animal drawings n them became much clearer.
D. Animals nearby such as hrses and deer were attracted.
25. What des the secnd paragraph mainly talk abut?
A. The reasn fr the heat damage n the stnes.
B. The functin f the sftware in the research.
C. The way in which the research was cnducted.
D. The cnclusin that was drawn by the researchers.
26. What des Andy Needham think f the prehistric artists wh wrked n the 50 stnes?
A. Hardwrking.B. Ambitius.C. Dependable.D. Creative.
27. Which is the best title fr the text?
A. Ancient Peple Must Have Used Fire in Varius Ways.
B. Different Ways f Using Fire Have Been Discvered Nw.
C. Prehistric Peple May Have Used Fire t Create Mvable Art.
D. Ancient Artists Were Mre Innvative than We Nrmally Thugh.
【答案】24. A 25. C 26. D 27. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是研究发现，史前人类可能在他们的艺术中使用火光来创造运动的错觉。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“An analysis f 50 carved stnes dug ut in France suggests that when the stnes were placed near a fire, the light made the carved animals seem t mve, researchers reprt April 20 in PLOS ONE.(研究人员4月20日在PLOS ONE上发表报告称，对在法国挖出的50块石雕进行的分析表明，当石雕被放置在火附近时，光线使雕刻的动物似乎在移动。)”可知，当这50块史前石头被放在火旁时雕刻在上面的动物似乎在动。故选A。
【25题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段的“The researchers analyzed heat damage n the stnes, which indicated them being directly expsed t high temperatures fr a lng perid, and created 3-D mdels f the stnes. Thse mdels were imprted t a virtual reality sftware where they were placed next t a virtual hearth (壁炉炉床) s that the areas f heat damage were clsest t the flames, mimicking (模拟) hw the stnes might have been placed in real life. The researchers then bserved the visual effects f the virtual reality light.(研究人员分析了这些石头的热损伤，这表明它们长期直接暴露在高温下，并创建了石头的三维模型。这些模型被导入到一个虚拟现实软件中，在那里它们被放置在一个虚拟壁炉旁边，这样热损伤的区域就离火焰最近，模拟了现实生活中石头的放置方式。然后，研究人员观察了虚拟现实光的视觉效果。)”可知，第二段主要讲了这项研究进行的方式。故选C。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“It was surprising t see hw dynamic the art was and “hw changed yur experience f the art was by a simple thing, just putting it clse t a fire,” says Andy Needham, an archaelgist at the University f Yrk in England. The wrk suggests that the artists purpsely carved alng the utline f the rck t influence viewers t see meaningful mvement thrugh the randm pattern f firelight, he says.(英国约克大学的考古学家Andy Needham说，看到这些艺术的活力是多么令人惊讶，“仅仅把它放在火旁，一件简单的事情就能改变你对艺术的体验。”他说，这项工作表明，艺术家们有意沿着岩石的轮廓雕刻，以影响观众通过随机的火光模式看到有意义的运动。)”可知，Andy Needham认为创作这50块石头的史前艺术家是有创造力的，故选D。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Prehistric peple may have used firelight t create the illusin (错觉) f mvement in their art.(史前人类可能在他们的艺术中使用火光来创造运动的错觉。)”可知，本文主要讲的是研究发现，史前人类可能在他们的艺术中使用火光来创造运动的错觉，因此最好的标题是C选项“Prehistric Peple May Have Used Fire t Create Mvable Art.(史前人类可能使用火来创造可移动的艺术品。)”。故选C。
C
“Dn’t wrry; be happy” is mre than just sng lyrics (歌词). A grwing bdy f evidence supprts an assciatin between ptimism and healthy aging, but it is unclear hw ptimism impacts health. When it cmes t dealing with day-t-day stressrs, such as husehld chres r arguments with thers, a new study has fund that being mre r less ptimistic did nt make a difference in hw lder men emtinally reacted t r recvered frm these stressrs. Hwever, ptimism appeared t prmte emtinal well-being by limiting hw ften lder men experience stressful situatins r changing the way they interpret situatins as stressful.
“This study tests ne pssible explanatin, assessing if mre ptimistic peple handle daily stress mre cnstructively and therefre enjy better emtinal well-being,” said crrespnding authr Lewina Lee. PhD, clinical psychlgist at the Natinal Center fr Psttraumatic Stress Disrder at the VA Bstn Healthcare System and assistant prfessr f psychiatry at Bstn University Schl f Medicine.
The researchers fllwed 233 lder men wh first finished an ptimism questinnaire; 14 years later, they reprted daily stressrs alng with psitive and negative mds n eight cnsecutive (连续不断的) evenings up t three times ver an eight-year span. The researchers fund mre ptimistic men reprted nt nly lwer negative md but als mre psitive md. They als reprted having fewer stressrs which was unrelated t their higher psitive md but explained their lwer levels f negative md.
While studies have sustained the idea f ptimism as a resurce that may prmte gd health and lngevity, we knw very little abut the underlying mechanisms (机制). “Stress, n the ther hand. is knwn t have a negative impact n ur health. By lking at whether ptimistic peple handle day-t-day stressrs differently, ur findings add t knwledge abut hw ptimism may prmte gd health as peple age,” says Lee.
28. What may be affected by ptimism accrding t the first paragraph?
A. Peple’s emtinal well-being.B. Older men’s ability t react.
C. The way peple treat daily stress.D. The way that ptimism will be researched.
29. Hw is the third paragraph develped?
A. By making cmparisns.B. By analyzing pssible results.
C. By presenting different pinins.D. By shwing the curse and result.
30. What des the underlined wrd “sustained” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Changed.B. Supprted.C. Expected.D. Repeated.
31. Where is the text prbably taken frm?
A. A curse plan.B. A travel brchure.
C. A health magazine.D. A news reprt.
【答案】28. A 29. D 30. B 31. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是研究表明乐观主义似乎通过限制老年人经历压力情况的频率或改变他们对压力情况的理解方式来促进情感健康。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“Hwever, ptimism appeared t prmte emtinal well-being by limiting hw ften lder men experience stressful situatins r changing the way they interpret situatins as stressful.(然而，乐观主义似乎通过限制老年人经历压力情况的频率或改变他们对压力情况的理解方式来促进情感健康。)”可知，乐观会影响人们的情绪健康。故选A。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“The researchers fllwed 233 lder men wh first finished an ptimism questinnaire; 14 years later, they reprted daily stressrs alng with psitive and negative mds n eight cnsecutive (连续不断的) evenings up t three times ver an eight-year span. The researchers fund mre ptimistic men reprted nt nly lwer negative md but als mre psitive md.(研究人员跟踪调查了233名老年男性，他们首先完成了一份乐观问卷；14年后，他们连续8个晚上报告了每天的压力源以及积极和消极情绪，在8年的时间里多达3次。研究人员发现，更乐观的男性不仅消极情绪更低，而且积极情绪也更多。)”可知，第三段开头讲的是研究的过程，后面讲了研究的结果，因此第三段是通过显示过程和结果来展开的，故选D。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段的“The researchers fund mre ptimistic men reprted nt nly lwer negative md but als mre psitive md. They als reprted having fewer stressrs which was unrelated t their higher psitive md but explained their lwer levels f negative md.(研究人员发现，更乐观的男性不仅消极情绪更低，而且积极情绪也更多。他们还报告说，压力源较少，这与他们较高的积极情绪无关，但解释了他们较低的消极情绪水平。)”可知，研究表明乐观可以促进积极的情绪，也就是支持了乐观是一种促进健康和长寿的资源这一个理论，划线词的意思是“支持”，和supprt意思相近，故选B。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“When it cmes t dealing with day-t-day stressrs, such as husehld chres r arguments with thers, a new study has fund that being mre r less ptimistic did nt make a difference in hw lder men emtinally reacted t r recvered frm these stressrs. Hwever, ptimism appeared t prmte emtinal well-being by limiting hw ften lder men experience stressful situatins r changing the way they interpret situatins as stressful.(一项新的研究发现，当涉及到处理日常压力源时，比如家务或与他人争吵，乐观与否并不会影响老年人对这些压力源的情绪反应或从这些压力源中恢复过来。然而，乐观主义似乎通过限制老年人经历压力情况的频率或改变他们对压力情况的理解方式来促进情感健康。)”可知，本文主要讲的是研究表明乐观主义似乎通过限制老年人经历压力情况的频率或改变他们对压力情况的理解方式来促进情感健康，是有关健康的内容，因此可能来自于健康杂志，故选C。
D
Huge numbers f migrating (迁徙) birds visit cities all arund the wrld n their extrardinary jurneys, which ften cver thusands f kilmeters. Sme appear t be attracted by light. Others seem t enjy the fd n ffer. But cities are nt always friendly t utsiders. Sme migrating birds, fr example, are killed by cats while thers cllide (碰撞) with buildings.
What draws birds t big cities in the first place? It culd largely be t d with light, says Barbara Frei at Envirnment and Climate Change Canada, a department f the Canadian gvernment. N ne knws exactly why birds are attracted t artificial light at night but there is enugh evidence fr this effect. One pssibility, Frei says, is that birds which use starlight and ther phenmena t navigate (导航) are naturally attracted by pints f light.
Mre than 100 years ag, the Irish rnithlgist (鸟类学家) Charles Patten was statined at a lighthuse ff the cast f Ireland where he bserved this phenmenn first-hand. Accrding t his reprts, grups f migrating birds wuld fly twards the lighthuse and, unfrtunately fr them, crash int its windws. But back then, surces f very bright, artificial light were uncmmn, whereas tday electric light is visible practically everywhere at night.
It is imprtant t ensure that cities are accmmdating fr wildlife, says Frei. Bird migratin rutes just happen t bring them clse t many cities all arund the wrld, and ur bright light draws them in. Frei prpses that urban planning take this int accunt. The designers f every new park r husing estate culd include sme plants suitable fr birds and ther species, fr instance. “We shuld plan it fr all different things tgether——it’s gd fr peple; it’s gd fr the planet; It’s gd fr the wildlife.” she asserts. “we need t think f cities as ecsystems. if we think abut it, we are the masters f this ecsystem and we can decide hw t manage this place.”
32. Which prblem may be faced by migrating birds in the city?
A. They culd be sht by hunters.
B. The fd n ffer may be pisnus.
C. Their lives are threatened by sme animals.
D. They may run int sme means f transprtatin.
33. What is mst likely t attract birds t the city?
A. Artificial light.B. The lighthuse.
C. Starlight.D. Mnlight.
34. What can we infer frm the third paragraph?
A. Artificial light is harmful t migrating birds.
B. Mre and mre birds pur int the city.
C. Lighthuses help birds identify their directins.
D. Man-made light surces were rich in the past.
35. What suggestin des Frei make fr future urban planning?
A. Ecsystems shuld be better prtected.
B. Peple shuld fit mre artificial light.
C. The number f artificial light shuld be increased.
D. Peple shuld imprve the living cnditins f wildlife.
【答案】32. C 33. A 34. B 35. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是鸟类被城市的灯光吸引，城市规划应考虑到这一点，将城市视为生态系统。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“Sme migrating birds, fr example, are killed by cats while thers cllide (碰撞) with buildings.(例如，一些候鸟被猫杀死，而另一些则与建筑物相撞。)”可知，城市里的候鸟可能面临的问题是生命受到一些动物的威胁。故选C。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“What draws birds t big cities in the first place? It culd largely be t d with light, says Barbara Frei at Envirnment and Climate Change Canada, a department f the Canadian gvernment. N ne knws exactly why birds are attracted t artificial light at night but there is enugh evidence fr this effect.(首先是什么吸引鸟类来到大城市？加拿大政府环境与气候变化部门的Barbara Frei说，这很大程度上与光有关。没有人确切地知道为什么鸟类在晚上会被人造光吸引，但有足够的证据证明这种影响。)”可知，最有可能吸引鸟儿到城市来的是人造光。故选A。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“Accrding t his reprts, grups f migrating birds wuld fly twards the lighthuse and, unfrtunately fr them, crash int its windws. But back then, surces f very bright, artificial light were uncmmn, whereas tday electric light is visible practically everywhere at night.(根据他的报告，成群的候鸟会飞向灯塔，不幸的是，它们撞到了灯塔的窗户上。但在当时，非常明亮的人造光源并不常见，而今天，在夜晚，几乎到处都能看到电灯。)”可知，从第三段我们可以推断出越来越多的鸟涌入城市。故选B。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“It is imprtant t ensure that cities are accmmdating fr wildlife, says Frei. Bird migratin rutes just happen t bring them clse t many cities all arund the wrld, and ur bright light draws them in. Frei prpses that urban planning take this int accunt. The designers f every new park r husing estate culd include sme plants suitable fr birds and ther species, fr instance.(Frei说，重要的是要确保城市能够适应野生动物。鸟类的迁徙路线恰好把它们带到世界各地的许多城市附近，我们明亮的灯光吸引了它们。弗雷建议，城市规划应考虑到这一点。例如，每个新公园或住宅区的设计者都应该包括一些适合鸟类和其他物种生存的植物。)”可知，Frei对未来的城市规划的建议是人们应该改善野生动物的生存环境。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
3D-Printed Vilins
While prfessinal vilinists ften have instruments that cst between $2000 and $10, 000, it is pssible t have ne that csts millins depending n hw they were and wh made them. ___36___ This can make it hard fr many t access the instrument, especially fr beginners and music classrms.
Hwever, the gd news fr them is that they will meet with lw-cst and durable (耐用的) 3D-printed vilins thanks t The Acustical Sciety f America’s AVIVA Yung Artists Prgram. The team’s inspiratin rts in multiple places. Their gals were t explre the new wrld f sunds created by using new materials, t use the new technlgy f ther fields, and t make music educatin accessible thrugh the printing f mre durable instruments. ___37___ The methd f distributin has yet t be decided — it culd invlve shipping fully printed vilins, sharing the 3D-printing files with makers, r a cmbinatin f bth.
___38___ The neck and fingerbard are printed in smth ABS plastic t prvide a cmfrtable grasp fr the musicians, while the vilin’s bdy is made f a plastic plymer substance, much like a typical acustic (原声的) vilin. The utcme is a vilin that sunds darker and sfter than traditinally built vilins. ___39___
“The next step is t lwer the csts f prductin fr making such instruments mre widely available, especially in the field f educatin,” said Mary-Elizabeth Brwn, directr f the AVIVA Yung Artists Prgram. Vilins are nt the nly instruments that are prduced thrugh 3D-printing technlgy. ___40___ Effective results have been btained frm many f them.
A. Besides, the AVIVA vilin is less damaged than its traditinal wden cusins.
B. 3D-printed vilins have been ppular with beginners since they were invented.
C. The vilin was built in tw pieces using 3D printing.
D. The prject is als t get vilins t children that culdn’t therwise affrd them.
E. Indeed, even basic vilins fr students ften cst $1000 r mre.
F. Many instruments have been prduced with a 3D printer befre.
G. Mst students have t give up learning the instrument due t the high cst.
【答案】36. E 37. D 38. C 39. A 40. F
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了用3D技术打印小提琴。
【36题详解】
前文“While prfessinal vilinists ften have instruments that cst between $2000 and $10, 000, it is pssible t have ne that csts millins depending n hw they were and wh made them.(虽然专业小提琴手的乐器价格通常在2000美元到10000美元之间，但也有可能会有一种价格高达数百万美元的乐器，这取决于它们的品质和制造者。)”讲述了小提琴的价格有可能非常昂贵，后文“This can make it hard fr many t access the instrument, especially fr beginners and music classrms.(这会让许多人很难接触到这种乐器，尤其是对于初学者和音乐教室来说。)”讲述了前面所述情况让许多人难以接触到小提琴。由此可知，空处应承上启下，讲述小提琴的昂贵，E项“事实上，即使是学生们最基本的小提琴也要花费1000美元甚至更多。”符合题意。故选E。
【37题详解】
前文“Their gals were t explre the new wrld f sunds created by using new materials, t use the new technlgy f ther fields, and t make music educatin accessible thrugh the printing f mre durable instruments.(他们的目标是探索通过使用新材料创造的声音的新世界，使用其他领域的新技术，并通过打印更耐用的乐器来普及音乐教育。)”讲述了该组织的目标，空处应承接上文，D项“该项目还旨在为那些买不起小提琴的孩子们提供小提琴。”符合题意，讲述了该组织的另一个目标。故选D。
【38题详解】
后文“The neck and fingerbard are printed in smth ABS plastic t prvide a cmfrtable grasp fr the musicians, while the vilin’s bdy is made f a plastic plymer substance, much like a typical acustic (原声的) vilin.(琴颈和指板采用光滑的ABS塑料印制，为音乐家提供舒适的握感，而小提琴的琴身则由塑料聚合物材料制成，很像典型的原声小提琴。)”讲述了琴颈和指板、琴身分别使用的材料，C项“这把小提琴是用3D打印技术由两部分制成的。”引出下文，选项中的“tw pieces”对应下文中的“The neck and fingerbard”和“the vilin’s bdy”。故选C。
【39题详解】
前文“The utcme is a vilin that sunds darker and sfter than traditinally built vilins.(结果是一把比传统制造的小提琴听起来更暗、更柔和的小提琴。)”讲述了用3D技术打印出来的小提琴与常规小提琴之间的区别，此处应承接上文，讲述二者的其他差别，A项“此外，AVIVA小提琴比传统的木制小提琴更不易损坏。”符合题意。故选A。
【40题详解】
前文“Vilins are nt the nly instruments that are prduced thrugh 3D-printing technlgy.(小提琴并不是唯一通过3D打印技术生产的乐器。)”提到用3D打印技术生产的乐器并不止小提琴，空处应承接上文，讲述有其他乐器被打印，F项“之前有许多乐器都是用3D打印机生产过。”符合题意。故选F。
第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分35分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A wman wh has struggled t cme t terms with her alpecia (脱发) since she was a teenager is nw wrking as a ___41___.
“I first nticed it when I was standing in the mirrr trying t ___42___ my hair in a pnytail (马尾辫) and saw a small patch with n ___43___ clse t my frehead,” Hanssn, 26, said, “I was yung at the time s I was mstly ___44___ that it was cancer since that’s ___45___ the first thing yu think f when yu see hair lss.”
After her diagnsis, nly Hanssn’s clsest friends and ___46___ knew abut her cnditin as she tried t keep it a secret and ___47___ that she became “gd at hiding it”. Hwever, as she gt lder, Hanssn learned t accept her aesthetic (美感) and says that she is nw ___48___ ging ut in public withut wearing a wig. In fact, she has even ___49___ a career in mdelling, “Nw I feel like I can be ___50___ and that I dn’t need t ___51___ it anymre,” she explains.
Hanssn ___52___ nt accepting her alpecia sner, and she says that she is nw happy ding what she lves and ___53___ ther sufferers t d the same. “Dn’t hide,” she said. “It will nly make yu feel ___54___. A big stne f suffering will ___55___ yur bdy if yu can just be yurself.”
41. A. dctrB. mdelC. writerD. hairdresser
42. A. tie tB. fasten nC. wrap upD. put up
43. A. hairB. dirtC. dustD. spt
44. A. surprisedB. wrriedC. excitedD. unexpected
45. A. speciallyB. strangelyC. rarelyD. nrmally
46. A. familyB. clleaguesC. relativesD. fellws
47. A. pretendedB. admittedC. predictedD. suppsed
48. A. cnfidentB. shyC. nervusD. delighted
49. A. dreamedB. plannedC. pursuedD. cnsidered
50. A. anyneB. smebdyC. myselfD. everyne
51. A. hideB. faceC. cureD. expse
52. A. frgetsB. regretsC. remembersD. avids
53. A. suggestsB. stpsC. allwsD. urges
54. A. happierB. betterC. crazierD. wrse
55. A. shapeB. pressC. leaveD. change
【答案】41. B 42. D 43. A 44. B 45. D 46. A 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. C 51. A 52. B 53. D 54. D 55. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Hanssn有脱发的问题，但是她坦然面对，做自己，并成了一名模特。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一名女子从十几岁起就一直在努力接受自己的脱发问题，现在她成了一名模特。A. dctr医生；B. mdel模特；C. writer作家；D. hairdresser美发师。根据第9空后的“a career in mdelling”可知，她成了一名模特。故选B。
【42题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：26岁的汉森说：“我第一次注意到这一点是在我站在镜子前试图把头发扎成马尾辫的时候，我看到额头附近有一小块没有头发的地方。当时我还年轻，所以我最担心的是癌症，因为当你看到脱发时，你通常首先想到的是癌症。”A. tie t依靠；B. fasten n紧紧握住；C. wrap up包起来；D. put up盘起来。根据下文“in a pnytail”可知，她把头发扎成马尾辫，空格处用“盘起来”。故选D。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：26岁的汉森说：“我第一次注意到这一点是在我站在镜子前试图把头发扎成马尾辫的时候，我看到额头附近有一小块没有头发的地方。当时我还年轻，所以我最担心的是癌症，因为当你看到脱发时，你通常首先想到的是癌症。”A. hair头发；B. dirt尘土；C. dust灰尘；D. spt地点。根据下文“yu see hair lss”可知，她觉得自己在脱发，所以应该是看到额头附近有一小块没有头发的地方。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：26岁的汉森说：“我第一次注意到这一点是在我站在镜子前试图把头发扎成马尾辫的时候，我看到额头附近有一小块没有头发的地方。当时我还年轻，所以我最担心的是癌症，因为当你看到脱发时，你通常首先想到的是癌症。”A. surprised惊讶的；B. wrried担心的；C. excited激动的；D. unexpected意外的。根据下文“it was cancer”可知，以为自己得了癌症，她当然是担心。故选B。
【45题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：26岁的汉森说：“我第一次注意到这一点是在我站在镜子前试图把头发扎成马尾辫的时候，我看到额头附近有一小块没有头发的地方。当时我还年轻，所以我最担心的是癌症，因为当你看到脱发时，你通常首先想到的是癌症。”A. specially专门地；B. strangely奇怪的是；C. rarely很少；D. nrmally通常。根据上文“it was cancer”和下文“when yu see hair lss”可知，一般来说当人看见掉发的时候通常首先会想到得了癌症，因此空格处是“通常”。故选D。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：确诊后，只有汉森最亲密的朋友和家人知道她的病情，因为她试图保守秘密，并承认她变得“善于隐藏它”。A. family家人；B. clleagues同事；C. relatives亲戚；D. fellws同伴。根据上文“nly Hanssn’s clsest friends and”和下文“as she tried t keep it a secret”可知，她把自己这个病情保密，只是最亲密的朋友和家人知道。故选A。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：确诊后，只有汉森最亲密的朋友和家人知道她的病情，因为她试图保守秘密，并承认她变得“善于隐藏它”。A. pretended假装；B. admitted承认；C. predicted预测；D. suppsed猜想。根据下文“that she became “gd at hiding it””可知，空后内容是她承认的，她承认自己变得“善于隐藏它”。故选B。
【48题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，随着年龄的增长，汉森学会了接受自己的美感，她说她现在可以自信地在公共场合不戴假发。A. cnfident自信的；B. shy害羞的；C. nervus紧张的；D. delighted高兴的。根据上文“Hanssn learned t accept her aesthetic”可知，她接受了自己的美感，所以很自信地在公共场合不戴假发。故选A。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，她甚至追求模特事业，“现在我觉得我可以做我自己，我不需要再隐藏它了，”她解释道。A. dreamed做梦；B. planned计划；C. pursued追求；D. cnsidered考虑。根据下文“a career in mdelling”可知，她是追求模特事业。故选C。
【50题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：事实上，她甚至追求模特事业，“现在我觉得我可以做我自己，我不需要再隐藏它了，”她解释道。A. anyne任何人；B. smebdy某人；C. myself我自己；D. everyne每个人。根据上文“she is nw ______ ging ut in public withut wearing a wig”可知，她变得很有自信，所以觉得自己可以做自己。故选C。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，她甚至追求模特事业，“现在我觉得我可以做我自己，我不需要再隐藏它了，”她解释道。A. hide躲藏；B. face面对；C. cure治愈；D. expse暴露。根据上文“gd at hiding it”和“Nw I feel like I can be _____”可知，她虽然善于隐藏，但是现在她变得自信了，觉得可以做自己，所以就不必再隐藏了。故选A。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：汉森后悔没有早点接受自己的脱发，她说她现在很高兴做自己喜欢的事情，并敦促其他患者也这样做。A. frgets忘记；B. regrets后悔；C. remembers记得；D. avids避免。根据下文“nt accepting her alpecia sner, and she says that she is nw happy ding what she lves”可知，她现在为自己能做自己喜欢的事情感到高兴，所以后悔没有早点接受自己的脱发。故选B。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：汉森后悔没有早点接受自己的脱发，她说她现在很高兴做自己喜欢的事情，并敦促其他患者也这样做。A. suggests建议；B. stps停止；C. allws允许；D. urges敦促。根据下文“ther sufferers t d the same. “Dn’t hide,” she said.”可知，她敦促其他患者也接受自己的脱发。故选D。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这只会让你感觉更糟。A. happier更高兴的；B. better更好的；C. crazier更疯狂的；D. wrse更糟的。根据上文“Hanssn ______ nt accepting her alpecia sner”和后文“A big stne f suffering”可知，她后悔自己没有早点接受脱发，所以她认为不接受脱发，躲藏起来，只会让自己感觉更糟。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你能做你自己，一块痛苦的大石头就会离开你的身体。A. shape塑造；B. press压迫；C. leave离开；D. change改变。根据上文““Dn’t hide,” she said. “It will nly make yu feel _____”和下文“if yu can just be yurself”可知，躲藏会让自己感觉更糟，如果可以做自己，那么自己就不会再痛苦了，一块痛苦的大石头就会离开你的身体，故选C。
第二节 短文语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has the ___56___ (large) netwrk f high-speed railways in the wrld. As f 2022 it encmpassed(包含) ver 40, 000 kilmetres (25, 000 miles) f high-speed rail r ver tw-thirds ___57___ the wrld’s ttal. It is als the wrld’s busiest with an annual ridership f ver 1.44 billin in 2016 ___58___ 2.01 billin in 2018 mre than 60% f ttal passenger rail vlume. By the end f 2018, the cumulative(累计的)number f passengers ___59___ (deliver) by high-speed railway trains was reprted ___60___ (be)ver 9 billin. Accrding t Railway Gazette Internatinal, select trains frm Beijing Suth t Nanjing Suth n the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway have the highest average perating speed at 317. 7 km/h as f July 2019.
The imprved ___61___ (mbile)and intercnnectivity created by these new high-speed rail lines have generated ___62___ entirely new high-speed cmmuter(通勤者)market arund sme urban ___63___ (area). Fr example, cmmutes via(通过) high-speed rail between Beijing and ___64___ (surrund) cities have becme ____65____ (increase)cmmn.
【答案】56. largest 57. f 58. and 59. delivered 60. t have been 61. mbility 62. an 63. areas 64. surrunding 65. increasingly
【语篇解读】本文为说明文, 主要介绍中国铁路的飞速发展。
【56题详解】
考查最高级。句意：中国拥有世界上最大的高速铁路网。结合句意以及“in the wrld”可知，此处表示“最大的”，用形容词最高级作定语，故填largest。
【57题详解】
考查介词。句意：截至2022年，中国高铁总里程超过4万公里(2.5万英里)，占世界高铁总里程的三分之二以上。tw-thirds f…“三分之二的”，固定用法，根据句意，此处表示“世界高铁总里程的三分之二”，故填f。
【58题详解】
考查连词。句意：它也是世界上最繁忙的铁路，2016年的年客运量超过14.4亿人次，2018年达到20.1亿人次，占铁路客运总量的60%以上。根据句意，“ver 1.44 billin in 2016”和“2.01 billin in 2018”是并列关系，故填and。
【59题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：据报道，截至2018年底，高铁列车累计运送旅客超过90亿人次。分析句子可知，“(deliver) by high-speed railway trains”作定语，修饰passengers，passengers与deliver是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故填delivered。
【60题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。be reprted t d sth.“被报道做某事”，用不定式作主语补足语，根据句意，“数量是90亿多”先于“被报道”，故用不定式的完成时，故填t have been。
【61题详解】
考查名词。句意：这些新的高铁线路改善了灵活性和互联性，在一些城市地区形成了一个全新的高速通勤市场。形容词imprved修饰名词，and连接名词mbility和intercnnectivity作主语，mbility用作不可数名词，故填mbility。
【62题详解】
考查冠词。句意同上。market是可数名词，根据句意，此处泛指“一个全新的高速通勤市场”，用不定冠词修饰，entirely以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an，故填an。
【63题详解】
考查名词。句意：这些新的高铁线路改善了灵活性和互联性，在一些城市地区形成了一个全新的高速通勤市场。分析句子可知，此处用名词作介词arund作宾语，sme修饰可数名词复数，故填areas。
【64题详解】
考查形容词。句意：例如，北京和周边城市之间的高铁通勤已经变得越来越普遍。修饰名词cities用形容词surrunding“周围的；附近的”作定语，故填surrunding。
【65题详解】
考查副词。句意：例如，北京和周边城市之间的高铁通勤已经变得越来越普遍。修饰形容词cmmn用副词作状语，根据句意，increasingly“越来越多地”符合句意，故填increasingly。
第三节 单词拼写(共10小题;每小题0.5分，满分5分)
根据所给首字母或汉语意思，用单词的适当形式填空。
66. The letter wasn’t addressed t me but I pened it ut f c_____ . (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】curisity/urisity
【详解】考查名词。句意：这封信不是写给我的，但我出于好奇打开了它。根据句意和空格前的ut f以及所给首字母可知，此处考查固定短语ut f curisity (出于好奇)，名词curisity作宾语。故填curisity。
67. He fund a cmpany t ______(资助)him thrugh cllege.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】spnsr
【详解】考查动词。句意：他找到一家公司资助他念完大学。根据汉语提示可知应用动词spnsr，此处为find sth./sb. t d sth.结构，故填原形。故填spnsr。
68. They need t be ______(容忍的)f different pints f view. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】tlerant
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们需要包容不同的观点。根据汉语提示可知应用形容词tlerant，作表语。故填tlerant。
69. He ______(抱怨)bitterly that he had been unfairly treated. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】cmplained
【详解】考查动词。句意：他痛苦地抱怨自己受到了不公平的对待。根据汉语提示可知应用动词cmplain，描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时。故填cmplained。
70. A gentleman is ne wh never hurts anyne’s feeling ______(无意地). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】unintentinally
【详解】考查副词。句意：绅士是一个从不无意中伤害别人感情的人。空格处用副词修饰动词hurts，“无意地”的副词是unintentinally，故填unintentinally。
71. When we’re planning fr a trip, we shuld make a ______ fr the weather. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】allwance/llwance/allwances/llwances
【详解】考查名词。句意：当我们计划旅行时，我们应该把天气因素考虑在内。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应用名词allwance，作宾语，可用单数可用复数，构成短语make allwance(s) fr表示“考虑到”。故填allwance(s)。
72. He has been Milan’s mst ______(始终如一的) player this seasn. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】cnsistent
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他是米兰本赛季表现最稳定的球员。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词player，“始终如一的”的形容词是cnsistent。故填cnsistent。
73. Cntrary t ppular b______, wmen cause fewer rad accidents than men. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】belief/elief
【详解】考查名词。句意：与普遍的看法相反，女性造成的交通事故比男性少。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应用名词belief，作宾语，此处为特指某一个看法应用单数。故填belief。
74. Smetimes yu can’t take sme Chinese idims l______ because they have deeper meanings. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】literally/iterally
【详解】考查副词。句意：有时候你不能从字面上理解一些中国成语，因为它们有更深的含义。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应用副词literally，作状语修饰动词take。故填literally。
75. I have l______ myself t 1000 calries a day t try and lse weight. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】limited/imited
【详解】考查时态。句意：为了减肥，我限制自己每天摄入1000卡路里的热量。由“t try and lse weight”可知，句子表示“为了减肥，我限制自己每天摄入1000卡路里的热量”，空格处意为“限制”，由首字母提示l可知，是limit，由have可知，时态是现在完成时，因此空格处是过去分词，故填limited。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 应用文(满分15分)
76. 假定你是李华，你校英语社团正在举办以“The Pwer f Running”为题的演讲活动。请你用英语写一篇演讲稿。内容包括：
1．跑步的益处；
2．自己的跑步体验；
3．呼吁大家投入体育运动。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Hell, everyne!
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thanks fr listening!
【参考范文】
Hell, everyne! I’m glad t be here and deliver a speech titled “The Pwer f Running”.
It ges withut saying that running is beneficial t ur health mentally and physically. Nt nly des it strengthen ur bdy but als frees us frm the stress f the study. As students, we can make urselves mre active and smarter by running. Take myself fr example, I jg n the playgrund fr half an hur every day. Each time I finish it, I feel refreshed. I sincerely hpe all f yu can jin me and enjy the benefits that sprts bring us.
Thanks fr listening.
第二节 读后续写(满分20分)
77. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“G back, Mm! G back!” shuted my six-year-ld daughter, June. I quickly turned arund t cast my dubtful eyes n the backseat. wrried. I had frgtten her yunger sister, Scarlett. I was relieved t see the girls safe and sit in their car seats. but June’s expressin was ne f pure anxiety.
As I lked back frm the driver’s seat, I fund a yung man in rags playing his guitar. His skinny, pr-lking dg rested next t his feet near an ld, wrn cardbard sign that read, “Hmeless, please help.” We’d cme acrss hmeless peple befre and had talked abut their needs and struggles. I shuld seize the chance t set a gd example fr my daughters t give a helping hand. S I searched fr sme cash, nly t find I had nthing but credit cards. S I tld June I didn’t have any cash. T my surprise, June pened her little pink purse and ffered t give him a five-dllar bill, I respnded with a sigh f relief, “Oh gd. I’ll pay yu back when we get hme.” “N, Mm. I dn’t want yu t pay me back. I want t help him and give him my mney.” she replied.
As we drve dwn the crwded rws f the parking lt, I tld her that we wuld get t him. When we gt there, I called ut. “Excuse me. sir!” He cautiusly walked tward ur car and answered, “Yes ma’am?” June stretched ut her entire bdy t hand him her five-dllar bill thrugh the windw and explained, “I want yu t have this.” He smiled and hesitatingly asked, “This was yur mney?” “Yes! I want yu t have it,” she prudly answered. “Thank yu,” he said, tuched by her thughtfulness.
We exchanged a smile, and as we drve away, my yunger daughter Scarlett began t cry. I nticed that she had emptied her purse with tw quarters in her tiny hands and insisted n giving all her mney t the yung man.
注意
1．续写词数应为150左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
I had n chice but t turn arund.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
The gentleman tightly held the cins in his dirt-stained hand.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
I had n chice but t turn arund. Seeing ur car again, and feeling very cnfused, the gentleman returned t us. I tld him that my ther daughter als wanted t give him her mney. He peered int the windw t see my pig-tailed fur-year-ld grinning frm ear t ear. “I want t help yu!” she said prudly. Nw with tears in his eyes, he said in disbelief, “Yu? Yu want t help me?” “Yes! Yes!” she replied in a childish vice, ndding happily. Then June prudly handed him her little sister’s tw quarters.
The gentleman tightly held the cins in his dirt-stained hand. He held his hands t his chest and expressed his sincere gratitude. We all smiled at each ther ne last time, with tears running dwn his face and mine. I watched June put her hand n her heart, clse her eyes, and tell her little sister, “It feels s gd t help smene, desn’t it, Sister baby?” Scarlett agreed. With big smiles, they sank back int their seats.