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    基础模块3 Unit7 Natural Disasters知识讲解-2025年中职高考英语一轮复习讲练测(高教版2023修订版·全国通用)

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    这是一份基础模块3 Unit7 Natural Disasters知识讲解-2025年中职高考英语一轮复习讲练测(高教版2023修订版·全国通用),共11页。试卷主要包含了单元思维导图,考点清单解读,表语从句,宾语从句,同位语从句等内容,欢迎下载使用。
    Unit 7 Natural Disasters 知识讲解
    目录:
    一、单元思维导图
    二、考点清单解读
    I.单词背记及拓展
    II词性转换
    1.discuss(v.) (n.) 2prmte(v.) (n.)
    3.smg(n.) (adj.) 4.pllute (v.) (n.)
    5.rain.(n.) (adj.) 6.change(v.) (adj.)
    7.frequently(adv.) (adj.) 8.activity(n.) (adj.)
    9.lvely (adj.) (v.) 10.imptance(n.) (adj.)
    11.agree(n.) (反义词) 12.naturally(adv.) (adj.) (n.)
    13.develpment(n.) (adj.) (v.) 14.lucky(adj.) (n.) (adv.)
    1.discuss(v.)discussin(n.) 2prmte(v.) prmtin (n.)
    3.smg(n.) smggy (adj.) 4.pllute (v.) pllutin (n.)
    5.rain.(n.) rainy (adj.) 6.change(v.)changeable (adj.)
    7.frequently(adv.) frequent(adj.) 8.activity(n.)active(adj.)
    9.lvely (adj.) lve(v.) 10.imptance(n.)imprtant (adj.)
    11.agree(n.) disagree (反义词) 12.naturally(adv.) natural (adj.) nature (n.)
    13.develpment(n.) develped develping (adj.) develp (v.)
    14.lucky(adj.) luck (n.) luckily (adv.)
    III.重点短语
    1. frce sb . t d sth .强迫某人做某事; 2.prevent frm 阻止;
    3.prtect frm 保护: 4.make a change 做出改变
    5.t much 太多; 6.decide t d sth .决定去做某事;
    7.agree with 同意; 8.pay attentin t 注意;
    9.be enugh t d 足够……; 10.t … t d 太……而不能……;
    11.as well as 同……一样; 12.lead t 通向,导致
    13.heat waves 热浪 14.acid rain.酸雨
    15.electric car 电车
    IV.句型整理
    1. My flight is delayed due t the flds .我的航班因为水灾取消了。
    1)delay 延迟、推迟,在句中作谓语,采用一般现在时和被动语态;
    withut delay毫不耽搁 ; 立即 ; Flight Delay班机延误 delay ding sth 延迟做某事,
    D it withut (any) delay! 马上做, 不得延误!
    Dn't delay t lng. 别拖太长时间。
    2)due t 由于,因为:表示某事发生的原因或原因结果关系。t 是介词
    Many f the natural disasters are due t the envirnmental damages caused by human activities. 许多自然灾害是由于人类活动造成的环境破坏。
    词义辨析
    thanks t, because f, due t “由于”,
    thanks t 突出一种感激之情,含“多亏”意味。
    Thanks t yur help,we can finish the task in time。
    because f 着重某种原因的理由,在句中通常作状语。应用最广,也更口语化。
    Because f his wife’s being there,I said nthing abut it.
    因为他妻子在场,我对此事只字未提。
    due t 用于较庄重的书面语中,侧重“起因于”,在句中多作表语,有时作状语。
    做状语时一般不置于句首,也可以做表语和定语。
    Yur failure is due t negligence.你的失败是由于疏忽所造成的。
    2.These natural disasters have caused great damage t ur life .
    这些自然灾害给我们的生活造成了的很大损失。
    cause damage t …对…造成损坏,带来损害。
    cause great damage t 给造成了很大的损失
    The strm caused great damage t the crps. 这场风暴给庄稼造成了很大的损害。
    are caused by human activities是由人类活动导致的
    3.It ' s lucky that peple have decided t make a change .幸运的是,人类决定作出改变。
    It is lucky that humans have realized the imprtance f sustainable develpment as well as the envirnmental prtectin , and things are getting better .幸运的是,人类已经意识到可持续发展和环境保护的重要性,情况也正在好转。
    1) It ' s lucky that …幸运的是……
    that 引导主语从句,it是形式主语。it’s lucky that 做某事是幸运的
    2)make a change 进行改变,做出改变
    we shuld make sme changes t the envirnment, and the number f such disasters is sure t reduce.
    3)" as well as "意为"和……一样"。
    3.It is what we shuld d right nw . 我们现在的确应该行动起来。
    " It ' s what we shuld d right nw "是由" what "关系代词所引导的表语从句;
    what we shuld d 我们所应该做的事,我们所应该做的
    4.And the mst imprtant thing is hw we can have mre peple jin us .
    而且,最重要的是如何才能让更多的人加入我们。
    1)hw we can have mre peple jin us "是由" hw "连接副词所引导的表语从句。
    2)jin us 加入我们,联系我们 jin in 参加
    jin up 联合起来 ; 联结起来
    5. If mre peple wrk tgether , it ' ll be pssible fr us t prtect ur earth and make it a safe and lvely place t live in .
    如果更多的人一起努力,我们就可以保护我们的地球,让它成为一个安全又可爱的居所。
    1) it is pssible t d sth 有可能做……,
    2) it is pssible fr sb t d sth 对某人而言有可能做……。
    3)If mre peple wrk tgether, if引导 条件状语从句,“主将从现”
    6.I thught yu were ging t Thailand this mrning.
    我意为你今天上午去泰国了。
    7. It seems there have been mre flds these years than befre.
    这些年水灾似乎比以前发生得更多了。
    It seems (that )意思是 “看起来好像”,例如:
    It seems that he is nt quite himself tday. 他今天好像不怎么舒服。
    也可以写成 He seems t be nt quite himself tday.
    8.I agree with yu. 我同意你的看法。
    辨析:
    agree with ,agree t ,agree n
    agree with + 人:同意某人的话
    I wn't agree with yu.
    也可加“意见,观点”,但是不承担后面的具体动作。
    如: I agree with what he said.
    I agree with yu in thinking that the plan is unpractical.
    我同意你的看法:这个计划不实际。 这里的“我”都与后面的动作/事无关。
    另外,agree with还可以表示符合,适合:
    Spicy fd des nt agree with me. 辛辣食物不合我的胃口。(吃了不舒服。)
    His wrds d nt agree with his actin.他的言行不一致。
    agree t + 动词:同意做...
    I agree t tell him the truth. He has agreed t cme.
    加意见看法时,暗指同意并且会承担后面的动作:
    We agreed t the new plan.
    我们同意这个新计划。(而且我们还要实施这个计划。)

    agree n + n. 对...意见一致。
    We agree n this cunt. 在这一点上,我们的意见一致。
    9. It is knwn that sandstrms are caused naturally by strng winds blwing ver lse sil r sand .众所周知,沙尘暴是由强风吹过松散的土壤或沙子引起的自然现象。
    1) it is knwn that …众所周知",
    同类句子还有 it is said / believed/reprted/thught that …;
    2)blwing ver 在此句中为动名词,而非现在分词作定语。
    10. Experts tie the prblem t the rapid urban develpment , and cutting dwn trees is anther reasn which is largely due t human activities .
    专家们认为这个问题与城市的快速发展有密切的关系。另一个原因是砍伐树木,也是由人类活动造成的。
    " cutting dwn trees "为动名词短语作主语," which "所引导定语从句修饰" reasn "。
    11. Tday we are grwing t fast t remember the imprtance f sustainable develpment fr bth nature and ur human wrld .如今,我们发展得太快,以至于忘记了可持续发展对自然和人类世界的重要性。
    " t … t …"意为"太……而没有……",表示否定。
    I am t tiered t say a wrd。 我累的一句话都不想说了。
    The bag is t heavy fr her t carry it。这个袋子太重了她拿不动。
    12. Peple are advised t use electric cars and public transprtatin.
    建议人们使用电动汽车和公共交通工具。(典型的被动语态)
    Be advised t d sth 被建议做某事
    Advise sb t d sth 建议某人做某事
    Advise ding sth 建议做某事
    13.We are prmting the use f green energy , planting mre trees and trying t stp glbal warming .
    我们正在推广使用绿色能源,种植更多的树木,从而尝试阻止全球变暖。(现在进行时)
    " prmting "" planting "和" trying "在句中和 be 动词一起作谓语。
    14.There are mre and mre discussins n natural disasters in recent years.
    近年来,关于自然灾害的讨论越来越多。
    15.Experts tie the prblem t the rapid urban develpment, and cutting dwn trees is anther reasn which is largely due t human activities.
    专家将这个问题与城市的快速发展联系起来,而砍伐树木是另一个主要由人类活动造成的原因。
    16.Glbal cncern abut natural disasters is prbably at an all-time high.
    全球对自然灾害的关注可能达到了空前的高度
    17.One area that needs t change is transprtatin.
    需要改变的一个领域是交通。
    that needs t change是One area的定语从句。
    V.语法要点 名词性从句 (主语从句和表语从句)
    一、名词性从句的三类连词
    名词性从句包括主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句和同位语从句。根据这些从句的共同特性,名词性从句的连词主要可以分成三类:that, if/ whether和wh-(疑问词)。
    1.如果一个陈述句被用来作为另一个句子的主语、表语、宾语或同位语,那么我们一般要用that作为连词。that本身在句子中没有意思,只起连接作用。
    eg. 陈述句:Science is develping very fast.
    主语从句:It is knwn t all that science is develping very fast.
    表语从句:The fact is that science is develping very fast.
    宾语从句:Everyne knws that science is develping very fast.
    同位语从句:The fact that science is develping very fast is knwn t all.
    2.如果一个一般疑问句被用来作为另一个句子的主语、表语、宾语或同位语,那么我们要用whether或if作为连词。whether/ if在句子中的意思是“是否”。变成名词性从句后,原来的疑问句的词序要改成陈述句的词序(主语+谓语)。
    eg. 一般疑问句:Shall we have a meeting this afternn?
    主语从句:Whether we shall have a meeting this afternn hasn’t been decided yet.
    或:It hasn’t been decided yet whether we shall have a meeting this afternn.
    表语从句:The questin is whether we shall have a meeting this afternn.
    宾语从句:D yu knw whether we shall have a meeting this afternn?
    同位语从句:Nne f us can answer the questin f whether we shall have a meeting this afternn.
    注意:原来的疑问句词序在从句中都被改变成陈述句的词序,
    复合句的标点符号由主句的句型决定。
    3.语序问题:如果一个特殊疑问句被用来作为另一个句子主语、表语、宾语或同位语,那么我们就保留原来的疑问词作为连词,这些疑问词的意思也保留在从句中。变成名词性从句之后,原来的疑问句的词序要改成陈述句的词序(主语+谓语)
    eg. 特殊疑问句:Why did the water becme smelly?
    主语从句:Why the water became smelly must be fund ut immediately.
    表语从句:The prblem is why the water became smelly.
    宾语从句:Scientists are trying t find ut why the water became smelly.
    同位语从句:Scientists are trying t slve the prblem f why the water became smelly.
    此外,还要注意,当特殊疑问句问的主语时,句子的词序就是陈述句的词序,如“Wh helped yu at that time?”“What happened t him later?”"What’s the matter with yu?”"What’s wrng with the cmputer?”,所以这些句子如充当名词性从句时,词序就不用再变了。
    eg. I dn’t knw what’s wrng with the cmputer.
    二、主语从句
    eg. That she will g with us is certain.
    Whether he’s cming desn’t matter t much.
    Wh will d the wrk makes n difference.
    Is what he said really true?
    It’s very clear that we’ll win this time.
    1.连接主语从句的连词that一般不能省略。
    2.一般只能用whether,而不用if连接主语从句。
    3.主语从句经常可以用it当形式主语,而把从句放到后面。
    4.用whever, whatever, whichever引导的主语从句,与wh, what, which引导的从句的比较。
    三、表语从句
    eg. The truble is that I have frgtten her telephne number.
    The questin is whether it is wrth ding.
    That is what I am wrried abut.
    1.连接表语从句的连词that一般不省略。
    2.一般只能用whether,而不用if连接表语从句。
    3.表语从句有时也可以用as if, 或because引导。
    eg. The girl lks as if she is ging t cry.
    This is because everything that is wrth ding is wrth ding well.
    注意,用because 引导表语从句,句子的注意一般是it, this, that等,
    如果用The reasn作主语,那么后面的表语从句只能用that引导。
    eg. The reasn why he is absent tday is that he is ill.
    四、宾语从句
    eg. They pretended that they knew hw t weave the wnderful material.
    I dn’t knw whether/ if he will attend the meeting.
    Please tell me where yu bught this reference bk.
    1.连接宾语从句的连词that常省略。
    2.可以用whether,也可以用if引导原本是一般疑问句的从句。但如果后面有r...或者r nt,还是选用whether。
    3.如果宾语从句后面还有宾语补足语,经常要用it作形式宾语,而把宾语从句放到补语的后面。
    eg. All his friends thught it strange that he shuld be absent frm the pening ceremny.
    We have made it a rule that we’ll clean ur rms every Saturday mrning.
    4.如果主句动词是过去时态,那么宾语从句中的时态要作相应的变化,特别是在间接引语中,除非从句中的内容是“真理”,那就不用变化,保持现在时态。
    cg. He always thinks it is his duty t keep the huse clean.
    He thught it was his duty t keep the huse clean.
    The teacher tld us that water is cmpsed f xygen and hydrgen.
    五、同位语从句
    eg. The news that we are having a hliday tmrrw is nt true.
    He came t the decisin that he must act at nce.
    I still have my dubt whether the business will d well.
    N ne can answer the questin f wh first began t use fire.
    1.同位语从句经常跟在fact, news, hpe, truth, idea, suggestin, thught, questin, rder, prblem, belief, dubt, fear, questin, prblem等名词之后,用来表明具体的内容。
    2.同位语从句与定语从句的区别:定语从句:对先行词是修饰限制作用,同位语从句和先行词是互相解释的关系,同位语从句可以改写成主系表结构。
    A) The infrmatin that the film star is seriusly ill is nt reliable. (同位语从句)
    The infrmatin that yu gt frm the internet is nt reliable. (定语从句)
    B) The news that she tld me is t gd t believe. (定语从句)
    The news that I have been admitted int the university is t gd t believe. (同位语从句)
    (The news isthat I have been admitted int the university。)
    The infrmatin that the film star is seriusly ill is nt reliable. (同位语从句)
    (The infrmatin is that the film star is seriusly ill .)
    单词听写表
    Unit 7 Natural Disasters
    1台风 2干旱
    3洪水;水灾 4沙尘暴
    5侵袭;撞击 6频繁地
    7力量 8污染
    9取消;撤销 10损坏,伤害
    11保护 12防止;阻止
    13雾霾 14松的;不牢固的
    15土地;土壤 16促进;提升
    17城市的 18火山
    19讨论 20(风)吹
    21将……联结 22车辆;交通工具
    23全球的 24可持续的
    25认识到 26确定地
    27热浪 28作出改变
    29酸雨 30电动汽车
    Unit 7 Natural Disasters
    1.typhn 2.drught
    3.fld 4.sandstrm
    5.strike 6.frequently
    7.frce 8.pllute
    9.cancel 10.damage
    11.prtect 12.prevent
    13.smg 14.lse
    15.sil 16.prmte
    17.urban 18.vlcan
    19.discussin 20.blw
    21.tie 22.vehicle
    23.glbal 24.sustainable
    25.realize 26.definitely
    27.eat waves 28.make a change
    29.acid rain 30.electric car 单元思维导图
    知识讲解
    考点清单解读

    单词背记及拓展
    重点单词词形转换
    重点短语
    句型整理
    语法要点 名词性从句
    单词听写表
    Unit 7
    Natural Disas-
    ters
    话题
    Express attitudes t disasters;express pints f view
    词汇
    strike,frequently,frce .damage .prtect .prevent .smg lse
    sil,prmte .urban .vlcan .discussin .blw .tie .vehicle .glbal .
    sustainable .realize .definitely
    短语
    heat waves .make a change .acid rain.electric car , frce sb . t d sth .
    prevent frm ,t much ,decide t d sth ., agree with ,
    pay attentin t ,; be enugh t d ,t … t d ,; as well as ,lead t
    句式
    1.I thught yu were ging t Thailand this mrning.
    2.My flight is delayed due t the flds.
    3. It seems there have been mre flds these years than befre.
    4.These natural disasters have caused great damage t ur life.
    5.It’s lucky that peple have decided t make a change.
    6. It’s what we shuld d right nw.
    7.I agree with yu.
    8.If mre peple wrk tgether, it’ll be pssible fr us t prtect ur earth and make it a safe and lvely place t live in.
    9.It is knwn that sandstrms are caused naturally by strng winds blwing ver lse sil r sand.
    语法
    名词性从句-主语从句和表语从句
    能力
    能够用英语表达自己对环境保护的积极态度。
    重点单词
    词汇拓展
    strike v. 侵袭;撞击
    过去式: struck 过去分词: struck/stricken 现在分词: striking
    第三人称单数: strikes
    strike back : 回击; strike in : 插嘴;
    Typhns and flds strike mre frequently and with greater frce than befre.台风和洪水的袭击比以前更频繁,力量也更大。
    frequently adv. 频繁地;
    frequent adj. 频繁的;经常的 vt. 常到;常去
    frce n. 力量,军队;
    v. 迫使;强迫;强制;
    cme int frce 开始生效 =take effect
    put int frce 生效,开始执行
    frce sb t d sth 强迫某人做某事
    pllute v. 污染,弄脏
    pllutin n. 污染;污染物 pllute sth with sth 污染,毁坏
    pllute the envirnment 污染环境
    cancel v. 取消;撤销
    cancel ut (使)平衡或抵消
    The match had t be cancelled due t the bad weather.
    比赛因天气不好只得取消。
    damage n.损坏,伤害
    vt. 损害;毁坏
    These natural disasters have caused great damage t ur life.
    这些自然灾害对我们的生活造成了极大的破坏。
    prtect v. 保护,守护,
    prtectin n. 保护;防卫
    prtect sb/sth against〔frm〕 sb/sth 保护,保卫
    Yu shuld prtect the children frm the cld.
    你们应该保护孩子不让其受冻。
    prmte v. 促进;提升,
    Prmtin n.提升
    We are prmting the use f green energy, planting mre trees and trying t stp glbal warming.
    我们正在推广使用绿色能源,种植更多的树木,从而尝试阻止全球变暖。
    urban adj. 城市的
    urban areas 市区 rural areas 乡村地区
    discussin n. 讨论
    discuss v. 讨论;论述;商量
    discussin abut〔n, f〕 对某事进行的讨论
    have a discussin 进行讨论 hld a discussin 进行讨论
    blw v. (风)吹
    现在分词 blwing 过去式 blew 过去分词 blwn
    blw away 吹走;驱散 blw dwn 炸毁;吹倒
    blw ver 平息;被淡忘;消散;停止
    tie v. 将……联结,捆绑;
    n. 绳;领带;
    tie sb/sth t sth 使被…束缚; 联系
    tie tgether (使)捆在一起; (使)联系在一起
    vehicle n. 车辆;交通工具
    mtr vehicle 汽车;机动车辆 electric vehicle 电动车辆
    glbal adj. 全球的,总的;球状的
    glbe n. 地球;地球仪;球体;世界
    glbal village 地球村 glbal warming 全球气候变暖...
    glbal event 全球运动
    sustainable adj. 可持续的
    sustainable develpment 可持续发展
    sustainable grwth 持续增长
    realize v. 认识到,实现;了解;意识到;
    realize aim 实现目标 realize danger 意识到危险
    realize errr 认识到错误

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