北京市通州区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷（Word版附解析）

这是一份北京市通州区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷（Word版附解析），文件包含北京市通州区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题Word版含解析docx、北京市通州区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题Word版无答案docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共29页， 欢迎下载使用。
本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。
第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A few weeks ag, I received a package cntaining seeds frm my friend. When I asked her what they wuld ___1___ int, a smile crssed her face. “Just plant them and be patient. Yu’ll see fr yurself ___2___!” she said.
I swed the seeds in a flwerpt. In the first few days, I was very excited t search fr the slightest signs, but ___3___ happened. With heavy lads f hmewrk, I began t feel sad and ___4___. Hw much I lnged fr the clr in my fast-paced life.
I watered the plants in dry perids. On the eighth day, t my great ___5___, a few light green spruts (新芽) appeared. Bending dwn and studying the plants, I culd almst hear them grwing. Mre days passed, and the flwerpt sn became ___6___ with criander (香菜) plants. Nw they are taller than the edge f the pt, cnstantly shaking their leaves in the gentle wind, as if they were merrily singing a sng f ___7___.
I am certain that after a few mre days, my plants will be ready fr___8___. These plants have played an imprtant part in ___9___ up my everyday life. They may nt be a main dish n ur table, but using sme will surely make ur dishes delicius.
Let us all slw ur pace dwn and be patient. S lng as we take steps t set ur hearts free, time and patience will ____10____ us with the pure pleasure f being alive in this lvely wrld.
1. A. grwB. runC. lkD. break
2. A. immediatelyB. finallyC. quicklyD. regularly
3. A. anythingB. everythingC. smethingD. nthing
4. A. shckedB. disappintedC. embarrassedD. scared
5. A. surpriseB. pityC. shameD. anxiety
6. A. packedB. linedC. crwdedD. piled
7. A. curageB. freedmC. interestD. relief
8. A. harvestB. lssC. sightsD. rest
9. A. pickingB. endingC. brighteningD. taking
10. A. impressB. assistC. surrundD. reward
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲是作者将香菜种子种在花盆里，后来种子发芽，长成了香菜，点亮了作者的生活，这让作者意识到只要我们采取措施让我们的心灵自由，时间和耐心会给我们带来快乐。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我问她它们长大后会变成什么样子时，她脸上掠过一丝笑容。A. grw生长；B. run跑；C. lk看；D. break打破。由后文的“Just plant them and be patient. Yu’ll see fr yurself”可知，作者朋友叫作者把种子种下去耐心等待，说明作者问的是种子长大后会变成什么，故选A。
【2题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：你最终会亲眼看到的！A. immediately立刻；B. finally最后；C. quickly快速地；D. regularly有规律地。but表转折，由上文的“I asked her what they wuld ___1___ int”可知，作者想知道种子长大会变成什么，那应该要到最后才能看到，故选B。
【3题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：在最初的几天里，我非常兴奋地寻找最轻微的迹象，但什么也没有发生。A. anything任何东西；B. everything所有东西；C. smething某些东西；D. nthing没有任何东西。由上文的“I was very excited t search fr the slightest signs”和but表转折可知，作者找种子发芽的迹象，但是却什么也没有发现，空格处是“没有任何东西”，故选D。
【4题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：沉重的家庭作业，我开始感到悲伤和失望。A. shcked震惊的；B. disappinted失望的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. scared害怕的。由“With heavy lads f hmewrk, I began t feel sad”和后面的“Hw much I lnged fr the clr in my fast-paced life”可知，家庭作业太多，种子没有发芽，而作者又需要色彩，作者觉得伤心和失望，故选B。
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：第八天，让我大吃一惊的是，出现了几颗嫩绿的芽。A. surprise惊讶；B. pity同情；C. shame羞耻；D. anxiety焦虑。由后文的“a few light green spruts (新芽) appeared”可知，种子发芽了，作者应该觉得惊讶，t ne’s surprise意为“让某人惊讶的是”，故选A。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几天过去了，花盆里很快摆满了香菜。A. packed打包；B. lined沿……形成行（或列、排）；C. crwded聚集；D. piled堆放。由第二段的“I swed the seeds in a flwerpt”和后文的“with criander (香菜) plants”可知，作者先前把种子种在花盆里，现在花盆里应该挤满了香菜，be crwded with意为“挤满”，故选C。
【7题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在它们比盆边还高了，它们的叶子在和风里不停地晃动着，好像在欢快地唱着一首自由的歌。A. curage勇气；B. freedm自由；C. interest兴趣；D. relief缓解。由上文的“cnstantly shaking their leaves in the gentle wind”可知，叶子在和风里不停地晃动着，给人感觉它们很自由，因此句子表示“好像在欢快地唱着一首自由的歌”，故选B。
【8题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我相信再过几天，我的植物就可以收获了。A. harvest收获；B. lss损失；C. sights视野；D. rest休息。由上文的“after a few mre days”可知，再过几天香菜应该是可以收获了，故选A。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些植物在点亮我的日常生活中起着重要的作用。A. picking挑选；B. ending结束；C. brightening照亮；D. taking拿走。由后文的“using sme will surely make ur dishes delicius”可知，香菜使菜肴更美味，因此是点亮了作者的生活，故选C。
【10题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：只要我们采取措施让我们的心灵自由，时间和耐心会回报我们生活在这个可爱的世界的纯粹的快乐。A. impress使留下深刻印象；B. assist帮助；C. surrund围绕；D. reward奖励。由上文的“S lng as we take steps t set ur hearts free, time and patience”和“with the pure pleasure f being alive in this lvely wrld”可知，句子表示“只要我们采取措施让我们的心灵自由，时间和耐心会回报我们生活在这个可爱的世界的纯粹的快乐”，因此空格处是“回报”，故选D。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分.共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Harry is an American businessman. His jb ___11___ (require) him t d a lt f traveling In the past six mnths he has made nine trips, ___12___ purpse is t attend meetings and make presentatins. Harry lves t travel and feels each cuntry has a charm f its wn. After graduatin, Harry decided t make travel part f his career. He wanted t experience different cultures f ther ___13___ (cuntry). He was dreaming f wrking fr an internatinal cmpany. Then his dream came true.
【答案】11. requires
12. whse 13. cuntries
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。哈里是一位美国商人。他的工作需要他经常出差。他梦想在一家国际公司工作。现在他在一家德国高科技公司工作。
【11题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：他的工作要求他经常出差。文章主时态是一般现在时，主语jb是单数，谓语动词用单数，故填requires。
【12题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在过去的6个月里，他进行了 9 次旅行，目的是参加会议和做演讲。此处 trips 是先行词，关系词在后面的定语从句中作定语，故用关系代词whse，故填whse。
【13题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：他想体验其他国家的不同文化。根据 ther“其他的”，可知后面用名词复数，故填cuntries。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Driving t Palm Springs tw years ag, I met a snwstrm. A car suddenly changed the directin ___14___ (avid) hitting mine and drifted (漂移) twards the side f the cliff. Meanwhile, sme drivers ___15___(sit) in different cars rushed ut. They ___16___(take) ff the chains that had prtected their wn tyres and put them n that car’s tyres ___17___(rapid). Just as the car was abut t be lst ff the cliff, thse drivers stepped up, letting their kind hearts g beynd the snwstrm.
【答案】14. t avid
15. sitting
16. tk 17. rapidly
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者开车去棕榈泉的途中，有车陷入困境，大家齐心帮忙的故事。
【14题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一辆汽车突然改变方向以避免撞上我的车，并向悬崖边漂移。动词avid意为“避免”，分析句子结构可知，本句谓语为changed，故本空作非谓语动词，结合语意，汽车突然改变方向是为了避免撞上作者的车，空处应填不定式形式t avid，作目的状语。故答案为t avid。
【15题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：与此同时，一些坐在不同车里的司机冲了出来。动词sit意为“坐”，分析句子结构可知，本句谓语为rushed ut，故本空作非谓语动词，sit与逻辑主语drivers之间是主动关系，应填现在分词sitting，作定语，修饰名词drivers。故答案为sitting。
【16题详解】
考查时态。句意：他们摘下保护自己轮胎的链条，迅速把它们放在那辆汽车轮胎上。结合句意和空后的had prtected可知，事情发生在过去，故主句用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式tk。故答案为tk。
17题详解】
考查副词。句意：他们摘下保护自己轮胎的链条，迅速把它们放在那辆汽车轮胎上。分析句子结构可知，本空填副词rapidly“迅速地”，作状语，修饰动词put。故答案为rapidly。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
New research int EQ and IQ suggests that success is nt simply the result f a high IQ. While yur IQ tells yu ___18___ intelligent yu are, yur EQ tells yu hw well yu use yur intelligence. Accrding t Prfessr Salvey, at wrk, it is IQ that gets yu hired but it is EQ that gets yu prmted. It is generally believed ___19___ peple with high EQ are pen t new ideas and have psitive attitudes twards life. They are als less likely t be trubled by prblems. Als mst scial scientists agree that EQ has a lt t d ___20___ educatin — imprving a persn’s EQ, especially in terms f “peple skills”.
【答案】18. hw
19. that 20. with
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了智商和情商的作用以及两者之间的关系，智商说明你多聪明，情商说明怎样更好地运用智商。一个人的成功更多的在于他的情商。
【18题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：智商表明你到底有多聪明，而情商表明你如何善用智慧。设空处引导名词性从句作tell的宾语，设空处修饰形容词intelligent，表示“多么”，用连接副词hw。故填hw。
【19题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：人们普遍认为，情商高的人容易接纳新思想，对待生活积极乐观。句子分析可知，此句为固定句型“It is generally believed tha…(人们普遍认为……)”，句中it作形式主语，that引导的名词性从句为真正主语，that在从句中不作语法成分，无词汇意义，因此设空处填连接词that构成主语从句。故填that。
【20题详解】
考查介词。句意：大多数社会学家也认为，情商与教育有很大关系——提高一个人的情商，尤其是在“人际交往能力”方面。固定搭配 d with意为“与...有关”，have a lt t d with表示“与……有很大关系”符合句意，设空处填介词with。故填with。
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共 14小题;每小题2分，共 28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
2023 Illustratin(插画) Cmpetitin
Welcme t enter fr the Cmmunicatin Arts Illustratin Cmpetitin, mst respected and admired in the industry fr creativity in illustratin. Each winner will receive a prfessinalized Award f Excellence, a trphy (奖杯) and a certificate. This award is ne f the mst desired awards. If chsen, winning will place yu in the highest psitin f yur industry.
What T Enter With
Any illustratin first published r prduced frm Jan. 2023 t Jan. 2024 is qualified. Entries may riginate frm any cuntry. Descriptins in English are necessary fr the judges t read.
Entries Can Be Submitted (提交) In The Fllwing Frmats
Digital Images: RGB images in JPG frmat with a maximum file size f 2 MB. GIF images may be livelier, but wuld be turned dwn, and s wuld the PNG nes.
Dlustratin Cmpetitin Categries & Entry Fees
Fr mre categries, please dwnlad the categry PDF.
Late Fees
Entries must be registered n later than Jan. 13,2024. Entries registered after that date will be charged a fee f $ 10 each. N entries can be registered after Jan. 27, 2024.
21. What will the winner get?
A. A tailr-made award certificate.B. A chance fr verseas study.
C. Widely accepted in the industry.D. Prize mney frm Cmmunicatin Arts.
22. Which f the fllwing is qualified fr the cmpetitin?
A. An image with 1MB JPG frmat.B. A mtin published within 2 years.
C. A series fr jackets f 10 illustratins.D. A student wrk withut English intrductin.
23. Hw much shuld be charged fr a series f fur cver illustratins submitted n Jan.25,2024?
A. $ 80.B. $ 120.C. $ 110.D. $ 90.
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则2023插画比赛的通告，介绍了参赛要求以及收费等信息。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“If chsen, winning places yu in the highest ranks f yur prfessin.(如果被选中，获胜将使你在你的职业中处于最高的地位)”可知，比赛的获奖者可以在本专业处于最高级别，即获胜者会得到在业界的广泛认可。故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Any illustratin first published r prduced frm Jan. 2023 t Jan. 2024 is qualified. Entries may riginate frm any cuntry. Descriptins in English are necessary fr the judges t read.(任何在2023年1月至2024年1月期间首次出版或制作的插图都是合格的。参赛作品可以来自任何国家。英文描述是评委必须阅读的。)”和第三段“Digital Images: RGB images in JPG frmat with a maximum file size f 2 MB. (数字图像：JPG格式的RGB图像，最大文件大小为2MB。)”和表格“Bks (cvers, jackets, etc.) $ 80 (limit f 5)(书籍(封面、护套等) $ 80(限5个))”可知，一张1MB JPG格式的图片适合比赛。故选A。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格Bks (cvers, jackets, interirs, etc.)部分中Series f illustratins（上限5个）收费为80美元”以及最后一段“Entries must be registered n later than Jan. 13,2024. Entries registered after that date will be charged a fee f $ 10 each. (参赛作品必须在2024年1月13日之前注册。在此日期之后报名的作品将被收取10美元的费用)”可知，2024年1月25日提交的四张封面插图需要支付80+4×10=120美元。故选B。
B
Open water swimming
I had nly swum in pen water a few times, and always in gentle lakes, s I wasn’t prepared fr hw rugh Lake Windermere appeared n a cld day. A swimmer tld me the water felt clder than it had been measured, and that the water was a bit rugh. But I, alng with 10,000 thers, was abut t cmplete the challenge.
Mst f the peple taking part were ding a ne-mile race, and 10 races were planned ver the weekend. There seemed t be a mix f pen-water enthusiasts alngside cmplete beginners—which is precisely the aim f the swims, t get as many peple as pssible cmpleting their wn challenge. The ldest wman cmpeting was 77, taking part in the tw-mile race, alngside a man wh last year had swum in every ne-mile race.
I had chsen the third ne-mile race f the day. There were ver 600 peple in my race. We were taken thrugh an acclimatizatin area, a children’s paddling pl-sized part f the lake where we mved in t feel hw cld the water was. “Nt t bad” was everyne’s thught! Then we headed ut twards the middle f the lake.
We’d been warned that the first 100 metres wuld be really rugh. Hwever, smewhere near the 750m mark I was still waiting fr the calm; it felt mre like swimming in the sea than a lake. I tried t fcus n my breathing and technique, and just keep ging. As I apprached the 400m-t-g mark my lwer right leg became painful. I recalled verhearing peple talking abut hw they kept swimming thrugh the pain, s I tried. But it didn’t wrk. I began t feel the entire leg tight and painful. I didn’t want t stp, s I bent my right knee and just kicked with the left leg.
Finally I saw the finishing pst, and I just cncentrated n getting there—still ne-legged. My finishing time was 38 minutes 25 secnds but that didn’t matter—the atmsphere was fantastic and everyne felt a sense f achievement, whatever their time. I’m hked, and want t give it anther g. I’ve already signed up fr my next pen-water swim.
24. Hw did the authr feel befre the race?
A. Scared f the mst challenging race.
B. Disappinted by the difficult cnditins.
C. Cncerned abut the ther swimmers in the race.
D. Determined t be as tugh as the peple arund her.
25. Why des the authr mentin the tw peple in Paragraph 2?
A. T stress the imprtance f the race.
B. T praise the experienced swimmers.
C. T shw the wide range f the participants.
D. T intrduce the varius events f the race.
26. The authr suggests in Paragraph 4 that ______.
A. the race wuld cause breathing prblems
B. the race became harder than she had expected
C. it was really necessary t prepare fr tugh swims
D. it wuld have been easier if she had taken thers’ advice
27. What des the authr talk abut in the last paragraph?
A. Her cnfidence in her wn ability.
B Her pride in having swum s quickly.
C Her eagerness t repeat the experience.
D. Her surprise at having managed t finish.
【答案】24. D 25. C 26. B 27. C
【解析】
【分析】本文属于记叙文，描述作者参加一英里的天然水域游泳的经历，最终成功到达终点线。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段But I, alng with 10,000 thers, was abut t cmplete the challenge.可知，我马上和其他10000名游泳者完成这项挑战，故可知，他们很坚定要完成这项运动，故选D。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段There seemed t be a mix f pen-water enthusiasts alngside cmplete beginners—which is precisely the aim f the swims, t get as many peple as pssible cmpleting their wn challenge. The ldest wman cmpeting was 77, taking part in the tw-mile race, alngside a man wh last year had swum in every ne-mile race.可知，参赛者包括天然水域游泳的爱好者，也包括初学者，也有很多人完成自己的挑战，这里面就有77岁参加2英里游泳的老人，也有去年参加一英里的男子，故可知，该比赛参与者范围很广，故选C。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段I recalled verhearing peple talking abut hw they kept swimming thrugh the pain, s I tried. But it didn’t wrk. I began t feel the entire leg tight and painful.可知，我想起了那些人提及的克服水中抽筋的技巧，但是没有作用，我感觉整条腿开始紧张疼痛，故可知，这次比赛比她想象的要艰难，故选B。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段I’m hked, and want t give it anther g. I’ve already signed up fr my next pen-water swim.可知，我被吸引住了，想要再尝试一次，准备好为下一次游泳比赛报名，故可知，作者为完成比赛而感到兴奋，也喜欢上了这项运动，故选C。
C
Have yu ever wndered what happens t all f the ld bject s launched int space, such as rckets and satellites? It’s called space junk, and much f it is still ut there nw. Accrding t NASA, the definitin f space junk is “any man-made bject in rbit (轨道) arund Earth that n lnger serves a useful functin”.
One large piece f space junk, an abandned rcket, hit the dark side f the mn n March 4. The rcket’s rigin is nt clear, but scientists knw that it was massive—weighing abut 3 tns. It must have left a large crater (坑), estimated 10 t 20 meters wide, n the mn’s surface. It wn’t be visible right away, but scientists are trying t lcate it. “We will find the crater, eventually,” Mark Rbinsn, lead investigatr fr NASA Lunar Recnnaissance Orbiter Camera, tld USA TODAY. “Depending n its lcatin, it culd take as lng as 28 days.”
What’s significant abut this space junk crash is that it draws attentin t sme f the ptential dangers f space junk. First, the accumulatin f space junk in Earth’s rbit means that satellites and the Internatinal Space Statin (ISS) are at risk. In 2016, tiny space debris (残骸),smaller than a millimeter, caused a tiny chip in the ISS’ windw. Imagine the damage that a larger piece f debris culd cause. The Eurpean Space Agency website states that bjects “up t 1 cm in size culd disable an instrument r a critical flight system n a satellite” while bjects ver 10 cm “culd shatter a satellite r spacecraft int pieces”. If this sunds terrifying, that’s because it is. Any cllisin (碰撞) with larger pieces f debris culd be especially dangerus fr manned spacecraft.
In additin t ptential damage t spacecraft and satellites, space junk als pses a threat t the Earth itself Crashes can send debris int the atmsphere where it can remain fr many decades. Sme pwerful cllisins can even send large debris hurtling (猛冲) tward Earth’s surface where it can affect the lcal envirnment. Leftver rcket debris can cntain txic materials that are harmful t plant and animal life. Sme peple in Siberia have even reprted serius health prblems after rcket debris landed in their regins in 2012, a lcal dctr tld the BBC.
28. Which f the fllwing can be regarded as space junk?
A. A disused space statin.B. A spacecraft rbiting the mn.
C. A crater n the mn’s surface.D. A satellite wrking in lw Earth rbit.
29. What des the underlined wrd “it” refer t in Paragraph 2?
A. Lcating the crater.B. Tracking the rcket.
C. Cleaning up the space junk.D. Finding ut the rcket’s rigin.
30. What can be inferred abut space junk frm the last paragraph?
A. It’s likely t cause a glbal envirnmental crisis.
B. It’s impssible t stp it frm entering the atmsphere.
C. It can cause a lasting threat if it remains in the atmsphere.
D. The txic materials cntained in space junk are the biggest risk.
【答案】28. A 29. A 30. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太空垃圾对于太空，地球，以及人类会造成的潜在的威胁以及伤害。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Accrding t NASA, the definitin f space junk is “any man-made bject in rbit (轨道) arund Earth that n lnger serves a useful functin”. (根据美国国家航空航天局的说法，太空垃圾的定义是“任何在地球轨道上的人造物体，不再具有有用的功能”。)”可知，废弃的空间站属于不再具有有用功能的人造物体，因此是太空垃圾。故选A。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段““We will find the crater. eventually,” Mark Rbinsn, lead investigatr fr NASA Lunar Recnnaissance Orbiter Camera, tld USA TODAY. “Depending n its lcatin, it culd take as lng as 28 days.” (“我们最终会找到陨石坑，”美国国家航空航天局月球勘测轨道相机首席研究员马克・罗宾逊告诉《今日美国》。“根据地点的不同，可能需要28天的时间。”)”可知，这里说的it指代上文提到的陨石坑的位置。故选A。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“In additin t ptential damage t spacecraft and satellites, space junk als pses a threat t the Earth itself Crashes can send debris int the atmsphere where it can remain fr many decades. (除了对航天器和卫星的潜在损害外，太空垃圾还对地球本身构成威胁。撞击会将碎片送入大气层，并在那里停留几十年。)”可知，太空垃圾留在大气层中会造成持续的威胁。故选C。
D
T learn t think is t learn t questin. Thse wh dn’t questin never truly think fr themselves. These are simple rules that have gverned the advancement f science and human thught. Advancements are made when thinkers questin theries and intrduce new nes. Unfrtunately, it is ften the great and respected thinkers wh end up slwing the prgress f human thught. Aristtle was a brilliant philspher whse theries explained much f the natural wrld, ften incrrectly. He was s respected by the scientific cmmunity that even 1,200years after his death, scientists were still trying t build upn his mistakes rather than crrect them.
Brilliant minds can intimidate up and cming thinkers wh are nt cnfident f their abilities. They ften believe they are nt as gd as the minds f giants such as Aristtle. leading many t accept current ideas instead f questining them.
I like many thinkers f the past, nce believed in my mental weakness. I didn’t questin what was written n thse pages. I respected them, and accepted whatever they tld me. But that attitude sn changed. My mind’s independence was first develped in the classrm.
A 65-year-ld science teacher nce tld me that light is a type f wave. I cnfidently believed that light is a wave. One day, hwever, I heard the German exchange student mentined that light culd be made up f particles(粒子). As the thers laughed at his statement (陈述), I started t questin my beliefs.
Maybe the teachers and textbks hadn’t given me the whle stry. I went t the library, did sme research and learned f the light-as-a-wave vs light-as-a-particle debate. I realized I had gne thrugh life accepting nly half f the stry as the whle truth.
Each new year brught mre new facts, and I had even mre questins. I fund myself in the library after schl, trying t find my wn answers t gain a mre cmplete understanding f what I thught I already knew. Even textbks can be challenged. I learned t questin my surces, I learned t be a thinker.
Questins are said t be the path t truth, and I plan t cntinue questining. Hw many things d we knw fr sure tday that we will questin in the future? I knw nthing can escape the gravity f a black hle. This knwledge may change in the next 20 years. The ne thing we can cntrl nw is ur penness t discvery. Questins are the tls f pen minds, and pen minds are the key t intellectual advancement.
31. In the first paragraph, Aristtle is taken as an example t shw that __________.
A. he is the greatest and respected philspher f all time
B. advancements are made when thinkers questin theries
C. great thinkers ften make mistakes and then crrect them
D. huge influence f great thinkers may blck human thught
32. What des the underlined wrd “intimidate” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Frighten.B. Encurage.C. Strengthen.D. Disappint.
33. We can cnclude frm the last paragraph that __________.
A. the authr is nt quite sure abut his future
B. we human beings dn’t dare t predict future
C. the thery f black hles will be true frever
D. questining is necessary t prmte advancement
34. Accrding t the passage, the authr __________.
A. determines t be a thinker and questiner
B. always thrws himself int the labratry
C. lks dwn upn great thinkers all the time
D. never dubts what he has learned in the textbk
【答案】31. D 32. A 33. D 34. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议类文章。主要强调了质疑对智力成长和知识进步的重要性。作者从对于光的本质的了解开始，讲述了自己认识到质疑重要性的个人经历。通过研究和独立探索，作者学会了不盲目接受信息。这种态度使作者对事物有了更深刻的理解。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Unfrtunately, it is ften the great and respected thinkers wh end up slwing the prgress f human thught.”（不幸的是，往往是那些伟大的、受人尊敬的思想家最终延缓了人类思想的进步。）可知作者用亚里士多德的例子是为了表明伟大的思想家的巨大影响可能会阻碍人们的想法。故选D项。
【32题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段中“ are nt cnfident f their abilities. They ften believe they are nt as gd as the minds f giants such as Aristtle, leading many t accept current ideas instead f questining them.”（那些对自己的能力不自信的后起之秀，他们往往认为自己不如亚里士多德等思想巨人，导致许多人接受当前的思想，而不是对其提出质疑。）可推知这些新人对自己能力不自信，因此不敢提出挑战、质疑伟大思想家的思想，最后选择接受。A.Frighten使害怕；B.Encurage鼓励；C.Strengthen增强；D.Disappint使失望。结合语境可知，这些信任不敢质疑伟大思想家的思想，因此A项Frighten“使害怕”符合语境。故选A项。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Questins are the tls f pen minds, and pen minds are the key t intellectual advancement.”（质疑是开放思想的工具，而开放思想是知识进步的关键。）可推知最后一段说明了质疑是促进进步的必要条件。故选D项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“I learned t questin my surces, I learned t be a thinker.”（我学会了质疑我的资料来源，我学会了做一个思考者。）可知作者决定成为一个善于思考和质疑的人。故选A项。
【点睛】
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Einstein’s Opinins n Creative Thinking
“The greatest scientists are artists as well,” said Albert Einstein, ne f the greatest physicists and an amateur pianist and vilinist.
Fr Einstein, insight did nt cme frm lgic r mathematics. ____35____ “All great achievements f science must start frm intuitive (直觉的) knwledge. Imaginatin is mre imprtant than knwledge.”
____36____ Surprisingly it wasn’t the cntent f an idea, r its subject, that determined whether smething was art r science, but hw the idea was expressed. If what is seen and experienced is described in the language f lgic, then it is science. If it is cmmunicated and recgnized intuitively, then it is art. ____37____ That’s why he said that great scientists were als artists.
____38____ “If I were nt a physicist,” he nce said, “I wuld prbably be a musician. I ften think in music and I see my life in terms f music. I get mst jy in life ut f music.” Music prvided Einstein with a cnnectin between time and space, which bth cmbine spatial (空间的) and structural aspects. “The thery f relativity ccurred t me by intuitin and music is the driving frce behind this intuitin,” said Einstein. “My parents had me study the vilin frm the time I was six. ____39____”
A. But hw did art differ frm science fr Einstein?
B. Instead, it came frm intrusin (直觉) and inspiratin.
C. My new discvery is the result f musical insight.
D. There is n dubt that my thery was a great breakthrugh then.
E. Einstein himself wrked intuitively and expressed himself lgically.
F. Einstein als wed his scientific insight and intuitin mainly t music.
G. Fr Einstein, it was the humanities that mainly cntributed t his achievements.
【答案】35. B 36. A 37. E 38. F 39. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了爱因斯坦关于创造性思维的观点。
【35题详解】
上文“Fr Einstein, insight did nt cme frm lgic r mathematics. (对爱因斯坦来说，洞察力并非来自逻辑或数学)”并结合后文““All great achievements f science must start frm intuitive (直觉的) knwledge. Imaginatin is mre imprtant than knwledge.”(“一切伟大的科学成就都必须从直觉知识开始。想象力比知识更重要。”)”可知，空处顺接前文，说明爱因斯坦认为洞察力应来自于直觉。B项“相反，它来自直觉和灵感。”符合语境。故选B。
【36题详解】
下文“Surprisingly, it wasn’t the cntent f an idea, r its subject, that determined whether smething was art r science, but hw the idea was expressed. (令人惊讶的是，决定某件事是艺术还是科学的不是一个想法的内容或主题，而是这个想法是如何表达的)”说明决定某件事是艺术还是科学是根据想法是如何表达的。空处引出了下文关于艺术和科学的区别的论述。A项中“art differ frm science”和下文的“whether smething was art r science”相呼应，而A项的这个问题“但对爱因斯坦来说，艺术和科学有何不同？”正好引出本段的主题。故选A。
【37题详解】
上文“If what is seen and experienced is described in the language f lgic, then it is science. If it is cmmunicated and recgnized intuitively, then it is art.(如果所看到和经历的是用逻辑的语言描述的，那么这就是科学。如果它被直观地传达和识别，那么它就是艺术)”说明艺术和科学的不同。空处顺接上文，和下文形成因果关系。E项中的“wrked intuitively and expressed himself lgically” 和上文“看到和经历的是用逻辑的语言描述的就是科学，它被直观地传达和识别，那么它就是艺术”相呼应，表明爱因斯坦本人凭直觉工作，用逻辑表达自己，也是下文他被称为伟大的科学家也是艺术家的原因。故选E。
【38题详解】
下文““If I were nt a physicist,” he nce said, “I wuld prbably be a musician. I ften think in music and I see my life in terms f music. I get mst jy in life ut f music.”(“如果我不是一名物理学家，”他曾说，“我可能会成为一名音乐家。我经常在音乐中思考，我从音乐中看待我的生活。我的生活中最快乐的部分来自音乐。”)”说明音乐对爱因斯坦帮助很大。F项“爱因斯坦的科学洞察力和直觉主要归功于音乐。”适合做本段的主旨句。故选F。
【39题详解】
上文““The thery f relativity ccurred t me by intuitin and music is the driving frce behind this intuitin,” said Einstein. (爱因斯坦说：“相对论是我凭直觉产生的，音乐是这种直觉背后的驱动力。”)”说明音乐对他的工作产生的积极影响。空处承接上文，说明了爱因斯坦是靠音乐才有了新发现，而且和本段音乐对他的帮助的主题相符合。C项“我的新发现是音乐洞察力的结果。”符合语境。故选C。
第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各 2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)
阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容，在相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。
Studying abrad has becme an extremely ppular study ptin amngst university students. While studying abrad is extremely expensive, it expses students t a wide range f peple, cultures and experiences that will reward them later n in their careers. In my pinin, students are far better ff studying abrad even thugh it might be a bit cstly.
One f the greatest advantages f studying in a freign cuntry is that it expses students t essential life experiences that will develp them prfessinally, impssible if they have studied nly in their wn cuntry. Being in anther cuntry frces peple t pp and cme ut f their bubble f cmfrt, pening them t a wide range f pprtunities, which can help them advance in their careers. When I went t study in the UK as an eighteen-year-ld, I had t push myself ut f my cmfrt zne and becme self-reliant, making me much mre mentally and emtinally mature. These ultra-challenging experiences are what develps a persn.
A negative aspect f studying verseas is that it is extremely expensive. It is nt just high university fees that drive up the expenses; it includes statinery and study material expenses, travelling csts, rent, mney spent n fd, and ther different expenses. I had t take an. educatin lan f 30000 punds t fund my tuitin fees. Mrever, during my stay in the UK. I had t take up a jb as a part-time waiter t earn enugh t pay my mnthly rent and meet a part f my mnthly expenses.
An increasing number f students are pting t study verseas. Althugh studying abrad can make a hle in yur pcket, it will test and challenge yu mentally and emtinally, helping yur verall persnal and prfessinal develpment. In my pinin, lng-term prfessinal and persnal gains frm verseas studies justify every penny spent n it.
40. What’s the authr’s pinin twards studying abrad?
_____________________________________________________________________________
41. What drives up the expenses f studying abrad?
_____________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then change it and explain why. Studying abrad can make a hle in yur pcket and challenge yu, s verseas studies are nt wrth it.
_____________________________________________________________________________
43. Apart frm what have been mentined twards studying abrad, what else d yu think f it?(In abut 40 wrds )
_____________________________________________________________________________
【答案】40. The authr believes that the expsure t diverse cultures and experiences will reward them later n in their careers.
41. High university fees, statinery and study material expenses, travel csts, rent, fd expenses, and ther different expenses.
42. The false part f the statement is "verseas studies are nt wrth it." The statement is incrrect because the authr believes that despite the financial challenges, the lng-term benefits f studying abrad justify the expenses.
43. Studying abrad als ffers pprtunities fr language acquisitin, netwrking with internatinal peers, and gaining a brader perspective n glbal issues, which can enhance ne's adaptability and intercultural cmmunicatin skills.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要强调了尽管留学费用昂贵，但对个人发展至关重要。留学能够拓展学生的视野，丰富其人生经历，提高个人和职业素养。作者认为，虽然留学会花费很多钱，但长远来看，这些支出都是值得的。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“While studying abrad is extremely expensive, it expses students t a wide range f peple, cultures and experiences that will reward them later n in their careers.”（虽然出国留学费用极高，但它能让学生接触到各种各样的人、文化和经验，这将使他们在以后的职业生涯中受益匪浅。）可知作者认为出国留学能让学生接触到各种各样的人、文化和经验，这将使他们在以后的职业生涯中受益匪浅。故答案为The authr believes that the expsure t diverse cultures and experiences will reward them later n in their careers.
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“It is nt just high university fees that drive up the expenses; it includes statinery and study material expenses, travelling csts, rent, mney spent n fd, and ther different expenses.”（导致开支增加的不仅仅是高昂的大学学费，还包括文具和学习材料开支、交通费、房租、伙食费以及其他各种开支。）可知是高昂的大学学费、文具和学习材料开支、交通费、房租、伙食费以及其他各种开支导致了留学费用的增加。故答案为High university fees, statinery and study material expenses, travel csts, rent, fd expenses, and ther different expenses.
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“While studying abrad is extremely expensive, it expses students t a wide range f peple, cultures and experiences that will reward them later n in their careers.”（虽然出国留学费用极高，但它能让学生接触到各种各样的人、文化和经验，这将使他们在以后的职业生涯中受益匪浅。）可推知尽管存在经济挑战，但出国留学的长远利益证明这些费用是值得的。题目中“verseas studies are nt wrth it.”与作者观点相反，因此错误部分为“verseas studies are nt wrth it.”。故答案为The false part f the statement is "verseas studies are nt wrth it." The statement is incrrect because the authr believes that despite the financial challenge, the lng-term benefits f studying abrad justify the expenses.
【43题详解】
推理判断题。通读文章并结合主旨可知，文章主要强调了尽管留学费用昂贵，但对个人发展至关重要。留学能够拓展学生的视野，丰富其人生经历，提高个人和职业素养，虽然留学会花费很多钱，但长远来看，这些支出都是值得的。因此，就个人看来，出国留学也提供了学习语言、与国际同龄人建立联系以及从更广阔的视角看待全球问题的机会，这可以提高个人的适应能力和跨文化交流技能。故答案为Studying abrad als ffers pprtunities fr language acquisitin, netwrking with internatinal peers, and gaining a brader perspective n glbal issues, which can enhance ne's adaptability and intercultural cmmunicatin skills.
【点睛】
第二节(20分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的英国笔友 Jim 对中国传统文化很感兴趣，近日他看到了伦敦孔子学院(Cnfucius Institute)的海报，很想去那里学习，写信询问你的意见，请你给 Jim回信，内容包括：
1. 简要介绍孔子学院；
2. 表达你的想法。
注意：1.词 100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
Learning that yu really want t study at the Cnfucius Institute, I am writing t tell yu smething abut it.
Cnfucius Institutes are set up all ver the wrld t develp friendships with ther cuntries and ppularize the Chinese language and culture. Right nw there are already 165 institutes cmpleted and by the end f this year that number will reach 200. The institutes’ services include teaching Chinese nline, training Chinese teachers, prviding Chinese textbks, and intrducing mdern China t the wrld.
I think it is a gd chance fr yu t learn Chinese cultures in the Cnfucius Institute. It will als be an unfrgettable experience fr yu.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给 Jim回信，近日他看到了伦敦孔子学院的海报，很想去那里学习，写信询问你的意见。
【详解】1.词汇积累
想要做某事：want t d sth.→feel like ding sth.
建立：set up→establish
机会：chance→pprtunity
难忘的：unfrgettable→memrable
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Cnfucius Institutes are set up all ver the wrld t develp friendships with ther cuntries and ppularize the Chinese language and culture.
拓展句：Cnfucius Institutes are set up all ver the wrld, whse aim is t develp friendships with ther cuntries and ppularize the Chinese language and culture.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Learning that yu really want t study at the Cnfucius Institute, I am writing t tell yu smething abut it. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] Cnfucius Institutes are set up all ver the wrld t develp friendships with ther cuntries and ppularize the Chinese language and culture. (运用了不定式作目的状语)
Categry
Single illustratin
Series f illustratin
Bks (cvers, jackets, etc.)
$40
$80 (limit f 5)
Mtins (media fr films, vides, etc)
$90
$180 (limit f 3)
Student Wrk
$20 (Image)
$45 (Vide)
$40 (limit f 5)
$90 (limit f 3)