人教版七年级下册英语Unit 2知识点梳理及语法讲义（教师版+学生版）

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七年级下册英语Unit 2知识点与语法精讲精练词汇梳理 （一）完成单词梳理：名词：1. 牙齿 2. 工作；职业 3. 电（视）台；车站 4. 晚上；夜晚 5. 组；群 6. 一刻钟；四分之一7. 家庭作业 8. 生活；生命 动词：1. 跑；奔 代词：1. 大量；许多 副词：1. 向上 2. 通常地；一般地 3. 从不；绝不 4. （表示整点）……点钟 5. 很快地 6. 有时数词：1. 四十 2. 五十形容词：1. 奇怪的；滑稽好笑的兼类词：1. （v）穿衣服（n）连衣裙 2. （v）刷；刷净（n）刷子 3. （adj/adv）早（的） 4. （n/v）淋浴 5. （v/n）锻炼；练习 6. （v/n）工作7. （adj）最好的（adv）最好地；最 8. （n/pron）一半；半数9. （prep）晚于；过（时间）（adj）过去的10. （v）打扫；弄干净（adj）干净的 11. （n/v）行走；步行12. （conj）或者（adv）也（用在否定词组后）13. （v）有……味道；品尝（n）味道；滋味（二）词汇变形小结：dress穿衣服；连衣裙(v/n.) → ____________ (第三人称单数) → ____________ (复数)brush 刷；刷子(v/n.) → ____________ (第三人称单数) → ____________ (复数)tooth 牙齿(n.) → ____________(复数)usually 通常地(adv.) →  ____________(adj.)通常 →  ____________(adj.)不寻常的four 四(num.) → ____________ (num.)四十 → ____________ (num.)第四five 五(num.) → ____________ (num.)五十 → ____________ (num.)第五work 工作(v/n.) → ____________ (n.)工人funny 奇怪的；滑稽好笑的(adj.) → ____________ (n.)乐趣best 最好的/地(adj/adv.) → ____________ (adj/adv.)好的/地half 一半；半数(n/pron.) → ____________ (复数)run 跑；奔(v.) → ____________ (n.)跑步者 → ____________ (现在分词)clean 打扫；弄干净(v.) → ____________ (n.)清洁工quickly 很快地(adv.) → ____________ (adj.)快速的life 生活；生命(n.) → ____________ (复数)【练一练】用所给词的适当形式填空Mr. Wang is very busy. He always eats breakfast ____________ (quick). It’s a very ____________ (fun) story and it makes us laugh.My sister ____________ (work) in the music club. Do you know her? My brother ____________(brush) his teeth at 6:00 every morning..Ten people lost their ____________ (life) in the earthquake（地震）.We need to brush ____________ (tooth) after meals.Do they ____________ (usual) play basketball on weekends?I have too much ____________ (homework) to do.Scott usually ____________ (have) bread and eggs for breakfast in the morning.What time does your son usually get ____________ (dress)?（三）短语攻关： 几点；什么时间 起床；站起 穿上衣服 去上学 刷牙 洗淋浴 广播电台 从……到…… 迟到 （在）周末 上学日 做作业 散步；走一走 要么……要么…… 大量；许多 做运动 半小时 对……有好处知识点梳理 1. What time do you usually get up, Rick? 里克，你通常几点起床？【用法详解】what time意为“几点；什么时间”，其引导的特殊疑问句用来询问具体的时间点，句型结构为“What time + do/does +主语+动词原形+其他？”。Eg. —What time do you get up in the morning? 你早上几点起床？ —At about 6 o’clock. 大约六点钟。【易混辨析】重点：what time与when【即学即用】1.—_________do you go to school? —I usually go to school at seven o'clock.A.How B.What C.Where D.What time 2.—_________ do you usually play the violin? —On weekends.A.What time B.Why C.Where D.When2. get dressed 穿上衣服【用法详解】（1）get dressed“穿上衣服”，强调动作；be dressed in“穿着”，强调状态。Eg.Get up and get dressed. 起床穿衣服了！ Mr.Smith is dressed in a black sweater. 史密斯先生穿着一件黑色的毛衣。（2）dress动词，意为“穿衣服”，其宾语多是人，常见短语：dress sb.“给某人穿衣服”。Eg.The girl can dress herself now. 这个女孩现在会自己穿衣服了。【拓展延伸】dress也可用作名词，意为“连衣裙”。Eg.This dress is very nice. 这件连衣裙非常好看。【即学即用】1.We usually get _________ quickly in the morning.A.dress B.dressing C.dresses D.dressed2.What time do you get _________ (dress) in the morning?3. I usually take a shower at six forty. 我通常在六点四十洗淋浴。【易混辨析】重点：时间介词at, in与on【即学即用】1.His brother goes to school ________ 7:30 in the morning. A. on B.at C. of D.in2.－When is Jay’s concert（音乐会）?－It's ________ three o'clock _______ the afternoon of July 18th.A.at; in B.at; on C.on; in D.in; on3. ________ Saturday, I usually get up ________ 10:00 a.m. A.In; on B.In;at C.on; in D.On; at 4. He works at a radio station. 他在一家广播电台工作。【用法详解】work此处用作不及物动词，意为“工作”，其后不能直接跟宾语。Eg.My father works in a hospital. 我的爸爸在一家医院工作。【拓展延伸】work还可用作名词，意为“工作”。常见搭配： 去上班Eg.What time do you go to work every day? 你每天几点去上班？【易混辨析】work与jobEg.I have much work to do today. 今天我有很多工作要做。 He took a job as a waiter. 他找了一份当服务员的工作。【即学即用】1.Lucy has an interesting _______. She works at a radio station. She has much _______ to do.A.job; work B. work; job C. job; works D. work; work 2.Linda _______ at a restaurant. She has an interesting _______.A.works; work B.works; job C.work; job D.job; work5. ... I usually exercise at about ten twenty. ……我通常在大约十点二十锻炼。【用法详解】exercise在句中作不及物动词，意为“锻炼；运动”。Eg. I think you should exercise more. 我认为你应该多锻炼。【拓展延伸】exercise作名词的用法：可数名词不可数名词exercise表示“（身体或脑力的）活动、锻炼、运动”，常和take, do, get等词连用，如take exercise 做锻炼表示“（保持健康或培训技能的）一套动作、训练活动、练习”，如do morning/math/eye exercises 做早操/做数学题/做眼保健操【即学即用】1.Doing exercise _______ good for your health. A. be B. am C. is D. are  2.Do you like doing morning (exercise)?3.My father (exercise) from 5:00 to 6:00 in the school every morning.6. go home 回家【用法详解】home在此处作地点副词，其前一般要省略介词。类似的词还有here、there。Eg.Please come here at 6:00. 请6点来这里。【注意】go后跟地点名词时要加to，表示“去……”。如go to school“去上学”。【即学即用】1.My parents usually ________ at about six p.m.A.get home B. gets home C.get to home D. gets to home7. do my homework 做我的作业【用法详解】do one’s homework意为“做作业”。one’s代表形容词性物主代词，需要根据前面的主语来定。homework为 名词，没有复数形式。Eg.Tom is doing his homework. 汤姆正在做作业。 I have much homework to do. 我有很多作业要做。【即学即用】1.What time does Jane ________ after school?A. do her homework         B. does her homework ​ C. do her homeworks      D. does her homeworks2.Kate always does ________ homework first after school.A. her B. his C. your D. their8. ... I sometimes play basketball for half an hour. ……我有时打半小时篮球。【用法详解】sometimes副词，意为“有时”，相当于at times。常与一般现在时连用。Eg.It is sometimes warm and sometimes cold in spring. 春天天气时热时冷。【易混辨析】sometimes, some times, sometime与some timeEg.I sometimes play games with her. 我有时和她玩游戏。 I have read the book some times. 这本书我已经读了好几遍了。 Come to see us sometime. 找个时间来看看我们。 I’ll stay here for some time. 我将在这儿待一段时间。【即学即用】1.My aunt can come to see me ________ next month. A. sometimes B. sometime C. some times D. some time2.I often take the bus to school, but _______ I go to school by bike.A. some time B. sometime C. some times D. sometimes9. In the evening, I either watch TV or play computer games. 晚上我要么看电视，要么玩电脑游戏。【用法详解】either此处为连词，意为“或者”。either...or...意为“要么……要么……；或者……或者……”，表示选择，用于连接两个并列的成分。重点：either...or...连接两个并列的名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词要与最近的名词或代词保持一致，即遵循“ 原则”。Eg.You must either go at once or wait till tomorrow. 你要么马上走，要么等到明天。 Either you or I am to go swimming. 要么你去游泳，要么我去游泳。【拓展延伸】either的其他两种词性：either代词，表示“（两者之中）任选其一”副词，意为“也；而且”，常用于否定句注意：too, also, either的辨析Eg.I don’t agree with either of you on that thing. 在那件事情上，你们两个我都不同意。 Peter can’t go, and I can’t either. 彼得不能去，我也不能去。【即学即用】1.Either you or I ________ right, there is only one right answer.A.are B.am C.is D.be2.-I don’t like this kind of weather because I can’t play outside on rainy days. -I don’t like it ________.A.too B. as well C. either D. also3.Mike either sings ________ plays the piano. A. to B. and C. but D. or10. At twelve, she eats lots of fruit and vegetables for lunch. 在十二点吃午饭时，她吃许多水果和蔬菜。【用法详解】lots of“大量；许多”，相当于 ，既可以修饰可数名词复数，也可以修饰不可数名词。Eg.There are lots of /a lot of apples on the tree. 树上有很多苹果。 I need lots of/a lot of water. 我需要大量的水。【拓展延伸】a lot为副词短语，表示程度，意为“非常”，常用于修饰动词。Eg.Thanks a lot for your help. 多谢你的帮忙。 It rains quite a lot here in summer. 夏天这里经常下雨。【即学即用】1.-Do you have ________ homework to do today? -Yes, I always have ________ homework to do on weekends.A.many; lots of B. much; lots of C. many; a lot of D. much; lot of 2.I don’t have ________ homework to do now.A.many B.a lot C.some D.lots of 11. She knows it’s not good for her, but it tastes good! 她知道这对她（的健康）不利，但它（冰激凌）太好吃了！【用法详解】知识点1： be good for意为“ ”，其反义短语为be bad for。for是介词，其后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式。Eg.Eating more vegetables is good for you. 多吃蔬菜对你有好处。知识点2： taste在此处作连系动词，意为“有……味道；尝起来”，后面常跟 词作表语。有类似用法的词还有： （看起来）、 （听起来）、smell（闻起来）、feel（感觉）等。Eg.The watermelon tastes sweet. 这个西瓜尝起来很甜。【即学即用】1.The cake tastes ________ and it sells ________.A. well; well B. well; good C. good; good D. good; well 2.—What do you think of ice-cream?—It ________ good. But it’s not good ________ our health.A.tastes; at B.tastes; for C.taste; for D.tastes; with3.I usually eat lots ________ vegetables for lunch.They are good ________ me.A.of; for B.of; with C.to; for D.for; of课堂小测一、单项选择1.—We have ________ breakfast at seven in the morning.—I think we should have ________ good breakfast every day.A. the; the B. the; a C. /; a D. a; the2.Victor has a relaxing ________. He doesn’t have a lot of ________ and he only ________ on weekends.A.work; works; works B.work; work; work C.job; work; works D.job; works; work3.—________ does your father exercise?—He usually exercises in the morning.A. When B. What time C. What D. Where4.We often eat breakfast ________ twenty past seven ________ the morning.at; in B. in; on C. at; at D. in; at5.My brother usually ________ his teeth at 6:00 a.m. and ________ breakfast at 6:20 a.m.A.brush; eat B.brushes; eats C.brushes; eat D.brush; eats6.Either you or your brother ________ a shower ________ Sunday evening.A. take; on B. takes; in C. takes; on D. take; in7.These oranges look nice but they don’t ________ good.A. taste B.sound C.watch D.feel8. Mike doesn't want to walk home, and Bob doesn’t________.A.also B.then C.too D.either9.There are lots of ________ to do every day.A. things B. homework C. news D. maths 10. Jason goes ________ after ________ school at four thirty.A.home; the B.home; / C.to home; the D.to home; / 11.It’s good ________ us to ________ a walk after dinner.A. at; take B. for; do C. for; take D. at; do12.Miss White likes shopping and she buys ________ clothes and bags.A.lot of B.lots of C.a lot D.much13.—Do you go to bed at nine, Linda?—________. I have lots of things to do at night.A.Yes, I do B.Yes, she does C.No, I don't D.No, she doesn't14. —Sam, ________ and go swimming with me.—OK, Dad! But where are my sports clothes?A.take a shower      B.brush your teeth            C.get dressed                 D.go to school15.—Docs your brother Peter have time ________?—Yes, he does. But he doesn’t ________.A. exercise; exercises B. exercises; exercise C. to exercise; exercise D. exercise; to exercise二、用所给词的适当形式填空1. She __________ (usual) visits her grandparents on weekends.2. The small dog only has three __________ (tooth).3. What a __________ (fun) time to have a school trip on weekends!4. He goes to school after he eats breakfast __________ (quick). 5. I always get __________ (dress) at six o'clock in the morning.6. Some old people like __________ (take) a walk after dinner.7. Some students often do __________ (they) homework in the library.8. The vegetable soup tastes very ___________ (well). 9. You need ___________ (brush) your teeth, Eric.You eat too many candies (糖果).10. We must eat some food before ___________ (run). 完形填空Laura is my cousin. She works at a radio station. She thinks it’s an interesting job. Today I will ___1___ you about her life. Laura says she is very busy ___2___ Monday to Friday. She usually gets up at 6:30 and exercises for half an hour. She has a nice breakfast at 7:15. After that, she goes to ___3___. She has lunch at the station. She usually gets home at about 7:00 p.m. Then she ___4___ dinner at about 8:15 p.m. After dinner she watches TV with her cat. At about ten, she goes to bed. On weekends, she is ___5___. On Saturdays, she either plays ping-pong ___6___ goes swimming. They are relaxing for her. What does she usually do on ___7___? She always goes to the art club. She is good at ___8___. I ask her, “You like art. ___9___ not be an artist?” She says, “I like to talk to people on the ___10____. I can help more (更多) people in this way (用这种方式).”（ ）1. A.tell B.say C.speak D.talk（ ）2. A.on B.of C.about D.from（ ）3. A.school B.library C.work D.class（ ）4. A.meets B.makes C.cleans D.shows（ ）5. A.tired B.free C.bored D.friendly（ ）6. A.but B.so C.and D.or（ ）7. A.Sundays B.Mondays C.Fridays D.Saturdays（ ）8. A.running B.dancing C.singing D.drawing（ ）9. A.Why B.When C.Where D.What（ ）10. A.club B.TV C.radio D.Art 四、阅读理解Do you have healthy habits?Marry White：   Yeah! I think my habits are very healthy. Every day I get up early and go to bed early. Every morning, I eat breakfast and eat well. I eat fruit and vegetables every day. And every day I play soccer for two hours with my friends.Alan Green： No, I don't. I get up late so I have no time to eat breakfast. For lunch, I usually eat lots of hamburgers. I know they are not good for me but I like them. I never play sports. In the evening, after I finish my homework, I usually play computer games. I go to bed late, at about eleven o'clock.Helen Hard：  Yes. My habits are very good. I never eat unhealthy food. Ice-cream tastes good but I never eat it. It's unhealthy. Every day I get up at six o'clock and go to bed at eight thirty. I eat well and play sports every day. I run with my father for half an hour in the morning. So I'm very healthy.（ ）1.Mary with her friends ________ every day.A.goes to school B.does her homework C.plays soccer D.has lunch（ ）2.What does Alan usually have for lunch?A.Hamburgers. B.Vegetables. C.Chicken. D.Fruit.（ ）3.Alan goes to bed at about ________.A.9:00 B.10:00 C.11:00 D.12:00（ ）4.Why doesn't Helen eat ice-cream?A.Because she doesn't like it. B.Because it's not healthy. C.Because it doesn't taste good. D.Because her parents don't let her eat it.（ ）5.Helen runs with her ________ in the morning.A.mother B.friend C.brother D.father五、句型转换，每空一词。1. Does Joe work at a radio station? (作否定回答)___________, ___________ ___________.2.I always go to school at seven o'clock. (对画线部分提问)___________ ___________ ___________ you always go to school?3.He usually goes to work at seven.（对画线部分提问）___________ ___________ he usually ___________ at seven?4.Amy takes a shower in the evening. (改为一般疑问句)___________Amy___________ ___________ ___________the evening?5.Susan usually exercises on weekends. (对画线部分提问)___________ ___________Susan usually exercise?六、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。1.我妈妈从周一到周五都很忙碌。My mother is busy ___________ Monday ___________ Friday.2.他通常晚上八点洗淋浴。He usually ___________ ___________ ___________ at eight o’clock in the evening.3.起床之后，他通常先刷牙。He usually ___________ ___________ first after ___________ ___________.4.我姐姐在一家电台工作。My sister works at a ___________ ___________.5.周末我要么去购物要么学英语。 On weekends I ___________ go shopping ___________ learn English.语法精讲 一、频度副词【拓展延伸】1.不表示具体次数的频度副词（按频率从高到低排列）always（100%）usually（80%）often（60%）sometimes（40%）hardly ever/seldom（20%）never（0%）2.对频度副词提问要用how often（多久一次）。Eg.—How often do you write to your brother? 你多久写一次信给你的哥哥？ —I sometimes write to my brother. 我有时写信给我的哥哥。3.有时为了强调也可将频度副词放在句首或句末。Eg.Sometimes she watches TV. 她有时看电视。【即学即用】1.My mother often goes shopping on the weekend, but she goes to the gym（健身房）.A.never B. often C. always D. sometimes2.Eddie is very lazy and he _________ exercises.A.sometimes B.always C.often D.never3.She _________ goes to bed after 12 o’clock.Because she can’t go home before 12 o’clock. A.always B.never C.sometimes D.often二、时间表达法【拓展延伸】1.对具体时间的提问用“What time ...?”，常用“（It’s+）时间.”来回答。Eg.—What time is it now? 现在几点了？ —Ten./ It’s ten. 10点了。2.英语中用a quarter表示“一刻钟（15分钟）”，用half表示“半小时（30分钟）”。Eg. a quarter past seven 7点15分 half past eight 8点半【即学即用】一、用英语表达下面的时间1. 8:15 _____________或_____________ 2. 9:40 _____________或_____________3. 8:30 _____________或_____________ 4. 6:20 _____________或_____________5. 10:50 _____________或_____________ 6. 12:00_____________二、单项选择1.—What’s the English for 8:10? —It’s ________.A.eight ten B. ten eight C. ten to eight D. eight past ten2.—What's the English for 9:50?—It's ________.A.nine fifty B.fifty nine C.ten to nine D.ten past nine语法小测一、单项选择1. Dan usually rides a bike to work, but he ________ takes a bus.A.always B.often C.usually D.sometimes2.Jack is a good student in my class. He is ________ late for school.A. usually B. always C. never D. often3.—________ do you usually eat breakfast?  —At 7:30.A.What                      B. When time  ​          C. How                    D.What time 4.---Do you often go to the gym? ---No, ________. I don’t like sports. A. always B. never C. sometimes D. usually5.—Dear, would you like ________ chocolate?—No. I ________ eat chocolate. I’m afraid it’s easy to make me fat.A.some; usually B.any; sometimes C.some; never D.any; seldom6.—What time do you usually go to bed?—I usually go to bed ________ eight o’clock. A.in　　　　 B.on C.at D./ 7.—Can you come here at a quarter ________ ten?—Yes, I can be there at 9:45.A.past B.to C.after D.before8.He usually ________ work at a quarter ________ eight .A. go; to B. goes to; to C. goes; to D. go to; at9.Their favorite sport is football, and they ________ play it after school. A.never B.always C.hardly ever D.seldom10.—How do you get to school? —I ________ take the bus. But sometimes I ride a bike.A.always B.never C.sometimes D.usually二、阅读理解John is an English boy. He comes to China with his father and mother. They come here to work. John comes to study(学习) Chinese. He is in No. 10 Middle School. He gets up early every day. He is never late for school. He studies hard. He can read and write English well. He often helps us with our English, and we often help him with his Chinese. After class, he likes playing football, swimming, running, jumping and riding. He makes many friends here. We’re very glad to stay with him. On Sunday, he often helps his mother clean the house, mend (修理) something or do some shopping. He likes Chinese food very much. He likes living here. He likes the Chinese students very much. We all like him, too. 根据短文内容，判断正（T）误（F）。1. John doesn’t like Chinese food. ( )2. After class, he likes singing and playing basketball. ( )3. On weekdays, he often helps his mother clean the house. ( )4. He gets up early every day. ( )5. He often helps us with our English. ( )三、书面表达请以My day为题写出自己一天的活动。词数不少于60 个词。 My day________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 单词用法例句图解助记what time意为“几点；什么时间”，用来询问具体的时间点（几点或几点几分）—What time do you go to school?—At eight o’clock.when意为“何时；什么时候”，既可以用来询问年、月、日等，也可以询问具体时间点—When do you usually watch TV?—On Saturday.介词用法图解助记at用于具体的时刻前，如at 5:00；也用于noon, night, midnight等词前 in常用于年、月、季节前，也可用于一天中的上午、下午或晚上前，如in 2008, in May, in the morningon常用于日期前，表示具体的某一天，也可以表示具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上，如on a cold morning, on the morning of May 3rdwork （可数/不可数）名词，多指人们在日常生活中和工作中从事的具体的体力或脑力劳动，即各类工作job （可数/不可数）名词，多指为换取报酬而进行的具体工作，尤指作为某人的手艺、行业或职业单词用法助记口诀sometimes频度副词，意为“有时”分开（some time）为“一段”，相聚（sometime）在“某时”，分开-s（some times）是“倍；次”，相聚-s（sometimes）是“有时”。some times名词短语，意为“好多次；几倍”sometime副词，意为“某个时候”some time名词短语，意为“一段时间”含义表示次数、频率的副词成为频度副词usually、sometimes、always、often等位置be动词之后It’s always interesting to have an art lesson. 第一个助动词或情态动词之后Why do you always ask why?实义动词之前We often go there on Sunday.用法常和一般现在时连用，表示经常或反复发生的动作She usually takes a shower at 6:00.分类用法例子整点表达法时间为整点的时候，直接用“基数词+o’clock”表示，其中o’clock可省It’s 5 o’clockIt’s five. 非整点表达法顺读法按照“先时后分”的顺序，都用基数词读出6:30 six thirty4:05 four o(/əu/) five逆读法分钟数30时，用“分钟数+ to +小时”表示c. 分钟数为30，用“half + past +小时”表示d. 分钟数为15的倍数，用quarter表示8:10 _____________5:56 _____________5:45 _____________1:30 _____________