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河南省郑州市宇华实验学校2024-2025学年高二上学期9月月考英语试题（解析版）
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这是一份河南省郑州市宇华实验学校2024-2025学年高二上学期9月月考英语试题（解析版），共21页。
1.答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。
2.每道选择题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Fr many peple, childhd is the best time f their lives. Children’s Day is celebrated by different cuntries n different days f the year. It is a hliday that celebrates the happiness, healthy grwth, and bright future f children.
China
Children’s Day is n June 1st. On this day, pupils g t schl as usual, but ften fr nly half f the day. The schl day tends t invlve varius Children’s Day activities instead f regular classes. The celebratin desn’t end at schl. After schl, parents usually take their children ut t play. They ften celebrate by having a picnic in the park r by ging t an amusement park, the cinema, r the z. Many turist attractins, including the Frbidden City, have discunts n admissin r are cmpletely free fr children n this day.
Japan
The Japanese peple celebrate Children’s Day n the fifth day f the fifth mnth every year. Families fly clrful carp flags (鲤鱼旗) frm their hmes, as carps represent determinatin and vigr in Japanese flklre (民间传说). They display figurines f Samurai Warrirs in their hmes t symblize strength and bravery. Children enjy sticky rice cakes in Quercus dentata leaves and participate in events arund the cuntry like traditinal Japanese plays.
India
Children’s Day is celebrated n Nvember14 every year. This date marks the birth anniversary f Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, the first prime minister f independent India. Nehru was very fnd f children and s, t hnr him and acknwledge his wrk fr children, the 14th f every Nvember is set as Children’s Day. On this ccasin, children f India usually get gifts frm their parents. Many schls allw students t attend their classes in clred dresses. Special prgrams are held by the children themselves. Many schls hld activities such as camping trips r free mvies n Children’s Day t allw students t have fun.
New Zealand
In New Zealand, Children’s Day is celebrated n the first Sunday f March each year. Fun cmmunity events are held thrughut the cuntry and include games, carnival, fd, traditinal haka dancing, and mre.
1. What d Chinese d n Children’s Day?
A. Pupils g t schl as usual
B. The celebratin end at schl.
C. Parents usually take children ut t play
D. Many turist attractins have n discunts
2. When is the Children’s Day in Japan?
A. June 1stB. May 5th
C. Nvember14D. The first Sunday f March
3. Where can yu prbably find the passage?
A. Turist brchureB. Bk reviewC. Science reprtD. News reprt
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，介绍了不同国家庆祝儿童节的方式。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据China部分的“After schl, parents usually take their children ut t play. They ften celebrate by having a picnic in the park r by ging t an amusement park, the cinema, r the z.”（放学后，父母通常会带孩子出去玩。他们经常通过在公园野餐或去游乐园、电影院或动物园来庆祝。）可知，中国的父母通常会带孩子出去玩。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Japan部分“The Japanese peple celebrate Children’s Day n the fifth day f the fifth mnth every year.”（日本人每年五月的第五天庆祝儿童节。）可知，日本的儿童节是在五月五日。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据文章第一段中的“Children’s Day is celebrated by different cuntries n different days f the year. (儿童节在一年中的不同日子由不同的国家庆祝。)”可知，文章介绍了不同国家的儿童节庆祝方式，可以推测这篇文章可能出现在旅游手册中。故选A。
B
Nwadays, we can read almst all "truths" n scial media sites. But are they really reliable? Sites such as the micr-messaging service, the scial netwrking site and the pht-sharing app Instagram might "misrepresent the real wrld", accrding t a study by cmputer scientists frm McGill University and Carnegie Melln University.
The scientists warn that gathering infrmatin abut public views and trends frm these sites is unwise. There are still large parts f the ppulatin wh d nt take part in scial media activities. Als, there's a risk that many scial media users are under-represented. Instagram, fr example, appeals t yunger adults in urban areas while Pinterest is used mainly by females aged 25 t 34. And nly 5 percent f the micr-messaging service users are ver 65 years ld, accrding t the study. Hwever, this is nt the nly issue, accrding t the scientific team. The design f a website can influence hw peple behave nline, creating what the researchers call "Internet bias". Fr example, micr-blgging sites such as Weib prmte "ppular" stries. It saves time fr sme but it als limits readers' chice f what they see. In the end, many peple pen thse stries and make them mre "ppular". But it's nt because they chse thse stries. Rather, it is because the cntent is right in frnt f them.
Besides, it's pssible that nt everyne n yur scial netwrks is real. There might actually be a few fake accunts amng them. Fake "bts" pretend t be humans and are ften included when measuring r predicting human behavirs nline.
The findings might be mre imprtant than yu wuld think, since many scial media studies are used t infrm and justify decisins and investments amng the public and in industry and gvernment, accrding t Derek Ruths, an assistant prfessr f Cmputer Science at Mc Gill University.
If the team is right, yu might have t think carefully next time yu say, "It's true, yu knw; I read it n Weib."
4. Why des the authr mentin the micr-messaging and Instagram?
A. Because they are the best scial media sites tday.
B. Because they are nt in favr f the current study.
C. Because the public are sharing truths n these sites.
D. Because infrmatin n these sites may nt be reliable.
5. Hw is the passage develped?
A. By giving examples.B. By making cmparisns.
C. By dividing int grups.D. By analyzing causes.
6. Which wrd can best describe the authr's attitude tward infrmatin n scial media sites?
A. Ambiguus.B. Favrable.C. Disagreeable.D. Cautius.
7. What's the authr's main purpse in writing the passage?
A. T analyze why infrmatin gathered frm scial media sites may nt be trustwrthy.
B. T remind readers f things they shuld watch ut fr when using scial media.
C. T pint ut the advantages and disadvantages f scial media.
D. T recmmend ppular scial netwrking sites fr readers.
【答案】4. D 5. D 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。当今，我们几乎可以在社交媒体网站上读到所有的“真理”，但它们真的可靠吗？研究表明它们可能“歪曲了现实世界”。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“But are they really reliable?（但他们真的可靠吗?）”可知，作者对这些网上信息的真实性提出质疑；根据第一段第三句“Sites such as the micr-messaging service, the scial netwrking site and the pht-sharing app Instagram might ‘misrepresent the real wrld’（ 微信息服务、社交网站和照片分享应用程序Instagram等网站可能“歪曲了现实世界”）”可知，微信息服务、社交网站和照片分享应用 Instagram 等网站可能“歪曲了现实世界”。由此可知，第一段提及微信息服务和 Instagram 等网站旨在说明这些网站上的信息可能不可靠。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。通读第一段可知，该段前两句引出文章主题：网上信息是否真实可靠；接着说明提出该主题的原因：微信息服务和 Instagram 等网站上的信息可能不可靠。通读第二段可知，该段第一句提出该段主旨：从这些网站上收集关于公共观点和趋势的信息是不明智的；接着说明其原因：许多人并没有参加网络活动，网上的信息是不全面的。通读第三段可知，有可能你社交网站上并非人人都是真实的。据此可知，文章通过“分析原因”的方法论证观点。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一、二句“Nwadays, we can read almst all ‘truths’ n scial media sites. But are they really reliable?（如今，我们几乎可以在社交媒体网站上看到所有的“真相”。但他们真的可靠吗?）”可知，作者对社交媒体网站上读到所有的“真相”提出质疑；根据最后一段中的“If the team is right, yu might have t think carefully next time（如果团队是正确的，那么下次您可能需要仔细考虑）”可推知，作者对社交媒体上的信息持谨慎态度。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Nwadays, we can read almst all "truths" n scial media sites. But are they really reliable?... McGill University and Carnegie Melln University.（如今，我们几乎可以在社交媒体网站上看到所有的“真相”。但他们真的可靠吗?麦吉尔大学(McGill University)和卡内基梅隆大学(Carnegie Melln University)的计算机科学家的一项研究表明，微信息服务、社交网站和照片分享应用程序Instagram等网站可能会“歪曲现实世界”。）”和第二段第一句“The scientists warn that gathering infrmatin abut public views and trends frm these sites is unwise.（科学家警告说，从这些网站收集关于公众观点和趋势的信息是不明智的。）”可知，网站上的信息让人眼花缭乱，往往存在片面性和误导性，从网站上收集关于公共观点和趋势的信息是不明智的。据此可以判断，本文旨在提醒读者，在使用社交媒体获取信息时应当小心。故选B。
C
Arund seven ut f every ten Americans wh wrk in ffices d their wrk in an pen envirnment, defined as at desks withut meaningful partitins (隔板), accrding t an Internatinal Facility Management Assciatin survey. That is, if they even have a desk- wrkers may be assigned nly a few feet f a cmmunal (共用的) table. The pen-plan ffice space trend, ppularized by creative agencies and technlgy start-ups, went mainstream because f the belief that pen-space envirnments supprt innvatin. Mre nearness between emplyees, the thinking went, wuld create mre interactin and teamwrk, prmte scial interactin and urge prductivity.
But in fact, purely pen-plan ffices have been shwn t have the ppsite effects, creating s much distractin (分心) that emplyees stayed away frm each ther. A study funded by Harvard Business Sehal, the results f which were published last year, tracked what happened when a British cmpany mved its emplyees frm traditinal ffice space, with ffices with walls, t an pen ffice. Face-t-face interactin became less — emplyees spent 72 percent less time interacting with their clleagues. Instead f talking mre with each ther, the emplyees put n headphnes and began cmmunicating by text and email. As digital cmmunicatin channels surged, prductivity declined.
Neurscience als hlds sme clues as t why the tight quarters in cmmunal wrk spaces- where wrkers are nly given abut half the space they were given a decade ag- are s hard t wrk in. “The human vice sets ff the mst pwerful emtinal respnse in ur auditry (听觉的) experience. Vice abve 55 decibels (分贝) — rughly the sund f a lud phne call- causes measurable stress, ” accrding t a Wall Street Jurnal article, “The Neurscience-Optimized Office”. “Even mre trublesme are verheard ‘halfversatins’, in which the listener nly knws abut ne side f a dialgue; ur brains autmatically imagine the ther, ” wrte authrs Jhn Medina and Ryan Mullenix.
But the slutin, say experts including Newprt, isn’t t g back t putting everyne int ffices with walls.
8. What can we learn abut the pen ffice trend accrding t paragraph 1?
A. It allws 10 peple at mst t wrk tgether.
B. It is believed t stimulate wrkers’ creativity.
C. It is nly ppular with new technlgy cmpanies.
D. It is aimed at prmting wrkers’ scial interactin.
9. What des the underlined wrd “surged” in paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A. Suspended timely.B. Became useless.
C. Cst less.D. Increased quickly.
10. What makes an pen ffice hard t wrk in?
A. Hearing endless nisy phne calls.
B. Shwing real emtins publicly.
C. Facing cmmunicatin barriers at wrk.
D. Hearing part f a dialgue between clleagues.
11. What will prbably be discussed in the fllwing paragraph?
A. What are benefits f the pen ffices with walls.
B. Why the pen ffice makes wrkers distracted.
C. Hw t deal with the disadvantages f the pen ffice.
D. Hw t draw wrkers’ attentin t their clleagues nearby.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了开放式办公室的流行趋势及其对员工工作效率和互动的影响。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The pen-plan ffice space trend, ppularized by creative agencies and technlgy start-ups, went mainstream because f the belief that pen-space envirnments supprt innvatin. (开放式办公室空间的趋势，由创意机构和科技初创公司推广，成为主流，因为人们相信开放空间环境支持创新)”可知，开放式办公室的流行趋势是因为人们相信它能激发员工的创造力。故选B。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“Instead f talking mre with each ther, the emplyees put n headphnes and began cmmunicating by text and email. (员工们没有更多地互相交谈，而是戴上耳机，开始通过短信和电子邮件进行交流)”可知，员工们开始更多地使用数字通信渠道，数字通信渠道的激增，划线词surged意为“迅速增加”。A. Suspended timely及时暂停；B. Became useless变得无用；C. Cst less成本更低；D. Increased quickly增长迅速。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的““Even mre trublesme are verheard ‘halfversatins’, in which the listener nly knws abut ne side f a dialgue; ur brains autmatically imagine the ther, ” wrte authrs Jhn Medina and Ryan Mullenix. (更麻烦的是无意中听到的‘半句话’，听者只知道对话的一面；我们的大脑会自动想象对方，”作者约翰·梅迪纳和瑞安·穆勒尼克斯写道。)”可知，开放式办公室难以工作的原因是听到同事之间对话的一部分。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But the slutin, say experts including Newprt, isn’t t g back t putting everyne int ffices with walls. (但包括纽波特在内的专家表示，解决方案不是让每个人都回到有墙的办公室)”可推测，接下来可能会讨论如何解决开放式办公室的缺点。故选C。
D
Recrd sea ice lss caused a mass die-ff f emperr penguin chicks in part f Antarctica last year, strengthening predictins that the wrld’s largest penguin will sn be in danger f extinctin.
Unlike ther penguins, emperrs breed (繁殖) n sea ice rather than land.Male emperr penguins hatch the eggs during the Antarctic winter. The furry grey chicks need stable sea ice until December t grw their black waterprf feathers and gain enugh muscle t swim. If they g int the water befre they develp feathers, chicks can drwn r freeze t death.
In February, the area f sea ice arund Antarctica reached the lwest extent ever bserved. After much f the ice began breaking up late last year, fur ut f five habitats in the hard-bit central and eastern Bellingshausen Sea suffered a ttal breeding failure, with n chicks surviving t the feather grwing perid. In mid-Nvember, the sea ice there brke up, frcing the penguins t abandn the habitat and mst if nt all f their chicks.
A research team frm Oxfrd Brkes University mnitred ppulatins by sptting penguin faeces (排泄物) in satellite phts. Emperr penguins tend t stay clse, walking in a tight grup t stay warm in temperatures as lw as -60°C.The buildup f the habitat’s faeces stains the ice s brwn that it can be seen frm space. Once a habitat has been identified, researchers can cunt the individual penguins in very high-reslutin satellite images.
The bservatins add weight t mdelling predictins that 90 percent f emperr penguin habitats culd be extinct r past the pint f n return by 2100 if current rates f warming cntinue. While habitats can lse chicks in heavy strms r when severe winds break up the sea ice, this is the first-time widespread breeding failure has been linked t disappearing ice.
“Failure is the nrm but cmplete failure acrss a whle regin, that’s nt nrmal,” says Tim at Oxfrd Brkes University. “Will this impact the ppulatin? It really depends n hw ften it happens.”
12. What was the result f the ice breaking last year?
A. The area f the sea reached the lwest pint ever.
B. Emperr penguins left the habitats with their chicks.
C. Emperr penguins had t search fr fd themselves.
D. Mst emperr penguins chicks studied failed t survive.
13. Hw did the team identify a habitat in satellite images?
A. By cunting the penguins.
B. By making the images clearer.
C By sptting brwn stained ice.
D. By cllecting penguins’ faeces.
14. What can be inferred frm the last tw paragraphs?
A. The area suffered breeding failure fr the first time.
B. Severe strms caused the extensive breeding failure.
C. The ttal failure has made emperr penguins extinct.
D. The frequency f ice breaking needs t be cntrlled.
15. What is the passage mainly abut?
A. The main causes f glbal warming.
B. The exlinet emperr penguin habitats.
C. Emperr penguins’ severe breeding failure.
D. Health prblems f emperr penguin chicks.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是由于海冰创纪录的融化，造成帝企鹅严重的繁殖失败。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“After much f the ice began breaking up late last year, fur ut f five habitats in the hard-bit central and eastern Bellingshausen Sea suffered a ttal breeding failure, with n chicks surviving t the feather grwing perid. (在去年年底大部分冰开始破裂后，在硬硬的别林斯高森海中部和东部，五分之四的栖息地遭遇了完全的繁殖失败，没有一只雏鸟存活到羽毛的生长期)”可知，去年的破冰结果是造成了大多数被研究的帝企鹅幼崽都没能存活。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“A research team frm Oxfrd Brkes University mnitred ppulatins by sptting penguin faeces (排泄物) in satellite phts.(牛津布鲁克斯大学的一个研究小组通过在卫星照片中发现企鹅粪便来监测种群数量)”可知，研究小组是通过卫星照片中企鹅粪便来监测种群的数量，结合下文中的“The buildup f the habitat’s faeces stains the ice s brwn that it can be seen frm space.(栖息地的粪便堆积将冰染成棕色，从太空中都能看到)”可知，栖息地的粪便把冰染成棕色。由此可知，该团队是通过发现棕色的冰在卫星图像中确地栖息地的。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“The bservatins add weight t mdelling predictins that 90 percent f emperr penguin habitats culd be extinct r past the pint f n return by 2100 if current rates f warming cntinue.(这些观察结果为模型预测增加了权重，即如果目前的变暖速度继续下去，到2100年，90%的帝企鹅栖息地可能会灭绝或超过无法恢复的临界点)”可知，如果按照目前气候变暖的速度继续，到2100年90%的帝企鹅栖息地将可能灭绝或处于临界点，结合尾段中的“Will this impact the ppulatin? It really depends n hw ften it happens.(这会影响帝企鹅的数量吗？这真的取决于它发生的频率)”可知，帝企鹅的数量是否会受影响取决于破冰发生的频率。由此推知，帝企鹅的数量要想不受影响，破冰的频率需要控制。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段“Recrd sea ice lss caused a mass die-ff f emperr penguin chicks in part f Antarctica last year, strengthening predictins that the wrld’s largest penguin will sn be in danger f extinctin.(去年，创纪录的海冰融化导致南极洲部分地区的帝企鹅幼崽大量死亡，这进一步证实了世界上最大的企鹅即将面临灭绝的预测)”及下文内容可知，研究者发现随着气候变暖造成海冰减少导致帝企鹅的栖息地减少，进而造成帝企鹅繁殖失败。由此可知，本文主要讲述的是帝企鹅繁殖的严重失败。故选C项。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下列短文，从短文的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Imprtance f Learning a Secnd Language
In tday’s glbalized wrld, learning a secnd language has becme an essential skill. It ffers numerus benefits that can enhance bth persnal and prfessinal aspects f life.
___16___ Thrugh the prcess f learning a new language, ne can gain a deeper understanding f different cultures and traditins. This can lead t greater empathy and appreciatin fr diversity.
Additinally, bilingual (双语的) individuals ften have better cgnitive abilities. ___17___ Studies have shwn that they are better at multitasking, prblem-slving, and decisin-making cmpared t mnlinguals (单语的). This is because the brain is cnstantly engaged in managing tw languages, which strengthens its verall functin.
___18___ In many prfessinal fields, being prficient in mre than ne language can pen up jb pprtunities that wuld therwise be unavailable. Many cmpanies prefer t hire candidates wh can cmmunicate with internatinal clients r partners.
Mrever, learning a secnd language can significantly enhance travel experiences. ___19___ Cmmunicating in the lcal language can lead t mre meaningful interactins and a deeper cnnectin with the place and its peple.
Finally, the prcess f learning a new language itself can be incredibly (不可置信地) rewarding. ___20___ This sense f achievement can bst cnfidence and mtivate individuals t tackle ther challenges in life.
Overall, the advantages f learning a secnd language are clear. It nt nly bradens ne’s hrizns but als equips them with skills that are valuable in an increasingly intercnnected wrld.
A. It allws travelers t guide new envirnments with ease and enjy genuine cultural experiences.
B. The effrt and devtin required t master a new language can get a strng sense f accmplishment.
C. Bilingualism can delay the nset f dementia (痴呆症) and ther age-related cgnitive declines.
D. One f the mst significant advantages is the ability t cnnect with peple frm different backgrunds.
E. Fluency in multiple languages is ften assciated with higher salaries and better career prspects.
F. They tend t have imprved memry, attentin span, and analytical skills.
G. Anther majr benefit is the imprvement in jb prspects and career advancement.
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. G 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学习第二语言的好处和重要性。
【16题详解】
根据后文“Thrugh the prcess f learning a new language, ne can gain a deeper understanding f different cultures and traditins. This can lead t greater empathy and appreciatin fr diversity. (通过学习一门新语言的过程，一个人可以对不同的文化和传统有更深的了解。这可以导致对多样性更大的同情和欣赏)”可知，本段主要介绍学习第二语言对文化交流的好处，空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，应该与交流上的好处相关，因此D项“One f the mst significant advantages is the ability t cnnect with peple frm different backgrunds. (最重要的优势之一是能够与来自不同背景的人建立联系)”符合语境，契合后文内容。故选D。
【17题详解】
前文“Additinally, bilingual (双语的) individuals ften have better cgnitive abilities (此外，会说两种语言的人通常有更好的认知能力)”提到双语者认知能力更好，空处应该会展开说明他们认知能力方面的表现，因此F项“They tend t have imprved memry, attentin span, and analytical skills. (他们往往有更好的记忆力、注意力持续时间和分析能力)”符合语境，承接前文，其中的They指代前文的bilingual individuals。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据后文“In many prfessinal fields, being prficient in mre than ne language can pen up jb pprtunities that wuld therwise be unavailable. Many cmpanies prefer t hire candidates wh can cmmunicate with internatinal clients r partners. (在许多专业领域，精通一门以上的语言可以为你带来原本无法获得的工作机会。许多公司更愿意雇用能够与国际客户或合作伙伴沟通的候选人)”可知，本段主要介绍学习第二语言对职业发展的好处，空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，应该与职业上的好处相关，因此G项“Anther majr benefit is the imprvement in jb prspects and career advancement. (另一个主要好处是改善就业前景和职业发展)”符合语境，契合段落内容。故选G。
【19题详解】
前文“Mrever, learning a secnd language can significantly enhance travel experiences. (此外，学习第二语言可以显著提高旅行体验)”提到学习第二语言可以改善旅行体验，空处应该会展开说明更好的旅行体验，因此A项“It allws travelers t guide new envirnments with ease and enjy genuine cultural experiences. (它允许旅行者轻松地引导新的环境，并享受真正的文化体验)”符合语境，承接前文，其中的It指代前文的It。故选A。
【20题详解】
前文“Finally, the prcess f learning a new language itself can be incredibly (不可置信地) rewarding. (最后，学习一门新语言的过程本身是非常有益的)”指出学习一门新语言本身有益，后文“This sense f achievement can bst cnfidence and mtivate individuals t tackle ther challenges in life. (这种成就感可以增强自信，激励个人应对生活中的其他挑战)”提到成就感的好处，空处应该和学习一门新语言带来成就感相关，因此B项“The effrt and devtin required t master a new language can get a strng sense f accmplishment. (掌握一门新语言所需要的努力和投入可以获得强烈的成就感)”符合语境，承上启下，其中的accmplishment和后文的achievement呼应。故选B。
第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Ashka, an assciatin funded by Bill Draytn, has fught t end pverty (贫困) and sickness, prmted educatin and encuraged small businesses. T supprt these wrthy ____21____, Ashka prvides mney t slve urgent prblems wrldwide.
Draytn emphasizes the imprtant thing is t simply give yurself ____22____. If yu see a prblem, yu can help slve it. The yung ____23____ are willing t ____24____ this cncept because at heart every child wants t grw int a happy, healthy and ____25____ adult. In fact, it is many yung peple’s ____26____ t set up prgrammes r businesses that imprve scial cnditins. An excellent example is an Ashka prject started in 1995 in Dhaka, which effectively handled the ____27____ prblem the city encuntered, and prvided an incme fr lcal farmers there.
When Masqsd and Iftekhar frm Ashka began t study the prblem f all the uncllected rubbish that lay in Dhaka’s streets, ____28____ rats and disease, they discvered that 80% f it was natural waste. S they educated the pr there t ____29____ methds t cmpst (堆肥) this waste. They knew that they wuld have a _____30_____ fr the end prduct because lcal farmers were struggling with _____31_____ chemical fertilisers (化肥). At first, they were _____32_____, but nce they were able t _____33_____ them that there was mney t be made, the prject _____34_____. In 2009 sales were $14,000.
Draytn is _____35_____ that in ten years Ashka will be making really serius, practical prgress in bringing abut scial change by changing the way we lk at ecnmic develpment.
21. A. plansB. causesC. attemptsD. events
22. A. rightB. cnfidenceC. permissinD. praise
23. A. in particularB. in factC. n purpseD. in turn
24. A. avidB. declineC. acceptD. appreciate
25. A. prfessinalB. generusC. cntributingD. inncent
26. A. ambitinB. definitinC. adviceD. purpse
27. A. waterB. resurceC. rubbishD. traffic
28. A. attackingB. chargingC. cuntingD. inviting
29. A. emplyB. createC. leaveD. send
30. A. hpeB. marketC. desireD. way
31. A. expensiveB. effectiveC. affrdableD. prfitable
32. A. refusedB. recgnisedC. cnfusedD. surprised
33. A. permitB. rderC. adviseD. persuade
34. A. set ffB. tk ffC. picked upD. put up
35. A. uncertainB. dubtfulC. pessimisticD. ptimistic
【答案】21. B 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Bill Draytn创立了Ashka协会，提供资金来解决世界各地的紧急问题。Draytn强调自信的重要性，认为每个人都有解决问题的能力，而且年轻人尤其希望通过建立改善社会的项目或企业来做出贡献。文章以在达卡启动的一个项目为例，讲述了Masqsd和Iftekhar两人如何有效地解决垃圾问题，并为当地农民提供收入。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了支持这些有价值的事业，Ashka提供资金来解决世界各地的紧急问题。A. plans计划；B. causes事业；C. attempts尝试；D. events事件。根据上文“Ashka, an assciatin funded by Bill Draytn, has fught t end pverty (贫困) and sickness, prmted educatin and encuraged small businesses.”可知，此处指上一句中消除贫困和疾病、促进教育、鼓励小企业发展这些有价值的事业。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Draytn强调，重要的是要给自己信心。A. right权利；B. cnfidence自信；C. permissin许可；D. praise赞扬。根据下文“If yu see a prblem, yu can help slve it.”可知，如果你看到一个问题，你可以帮助解决它，这个概念表现的是对自己能力的信心。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：这个年轻人尤其愿意接受这个概念，因为每个孩子内心都想成长为一个快乐、健康和有贡献成年人。A. in particular尤其；B. in fact实际上；C. n purpse故意；D. in turn反过来。根据上文“If yu see a prblem, yu can help slve it.”可知，上一句已经介绍了这个概念，此处应该是进一步介绍Draytn对这个概念的态度，应用in particular“尤其”强调他这个态度的程度。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个年轻人尤其愿意接受这个概念，因为每个孩子内心都想成长为一个快乐、健康和有贡献的成年人。A. avid避免；B. decline拒绝；C. accept接受；D. appreciate感谢。根据下文“because at heart every child wants t grw int a happy, healthy and ____5____ adult”可知，每个孩子内心想成为快乐、健康的成年人，他们会想帮助他人，因此Draytn会很愿意接受这个概念。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个年轻人尤其愿意接受这个概念，因为每个孩子内心都想成长为一个快乐、健康和有贡献的成年人。A. prfessinal专业的；B. generus慷慨的；C. cntributing贡献的；D. inncent无辜的。根据下文“In fact, it is many yung peple’s ____6____ t set up prgrammes r businesses that imprve scial cnditins.”可知，许多年轻人想建立改善社会状况的项目或企业，因此是成为有贡献的成年人。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，许多年轻人的抱负是建立改善社会状况的项目或企业。A. ambitin抱负；B. definitin定义；C. advice建议；D. purpse目的。根据下文“t set up prgrammes r businesses that imprve scial cnditins”可推知，建立改善社会状况的项目或企业应该是年轻人想实现的远大抱负。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个很好的例子是1995年在达卡启动的Ashka项目，它有效地解决了城市遇到的垃圾问题，并为当地农民提供了收入。A. water水；B. resurce资源；C. rubbish垃圾；D. traffic交通。根据下文“When Masqsd and Iftekhar frm Ashka began t study the prblem f all the uncllected rubbish that lay in Dhaka’s streets”可知，这个项目解决的是城市遇到的垃圾问题。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当来自Ashka的Masqsd和Iftekhar开始研究达卡街道上所有未收集的垃圾招致老鼠和疾病的问题时，他们发现其中80%是自然废弃物。A. attacking攻击；B. charging收费；C. cunting计数；D. inviting招致。根据上文“all the uncllected rubbish that lay in Dhaka’s streets”可推知，街道上未收集的垃圾会招致老鼠和疾病。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以他们教育那里的穷人使用堆肥的方法。A. emply使用；B. create创建；C. leave离开；D. send发送。根据上文“80% f it was natural waste”和下文“methds t cmpst (堆肥) this waste”可推知，他们教育穷人使用堆肥的方法来处理这些自然废弃物。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们知道最终产品会有市场，因为当地农民正在为昂贵的化肥而苦苦挣扎。A. hpe希望；B. market市场；C. desire愿望；D. way方式。根据下文“In 2009 sales were $14,000.”可知，这些产品销售地很好，因此是知道最终产品会有市场。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们知道最终产品会有市场，因为当地农民正在为昂贵的化肥而苦苦挣扎。A. expensive昂贵的；B. effective有效的；C. affrdable负担得起的；D. prfitable有盈利的。根据上文“the pr”和“were struggling with”可推知，贫穷的当地农民因为昂贵的化肥而苦苦挣扎。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，他们被拒绝了，但一旦他们能够说服他们有钱可赚，这个项目突然开始成功了。A. refused拒绝；B. recgnised认出；C. cnfused使困惑；D. surprised使惊讶。根据下文“but nce they were able t ____13____ them that there was mney t be made”可知，后来事情发生了转机，由此推知，一开始他们提出的想法应该是被当地农民拒绝了。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，他们被拒绝了，但一旦他们能够说服他们有钱可赚，这个项目突然开始成功了。A. permit允许；B. rder命令；C. advise劝告；D. persuade说服。根据下文“that there was mney t be made”可推知，他们应该是要说服当地的农民使用堆肥的方法可以赚钱，从而解决街道上的垃圾问题。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：起初，他们被拒绝了，但一旦他们能够说服他们有钱可赚，这个项目突然开始成功了。A. set ff出发；B. tk ff突然开始成功；C. picked up捡起；D. put up搭建。根据下文“In 2009 sales were $14,000.”可知，产品销售地很好，因此项目突然开始成功了。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Draytn乐观地认为，十年内Ashka将通过改变我们看待经济发展的方式，在带来社会变革方面取得真正严肃、实际的进展。A. uncertain不确定的；B. dubtful怀疑的；C. pessimistic悲观的；D. ptimistic乐观的。根据上文“If yu see a prblem, yu can help slve it.”可知，Draytn是一个相信人们可以解决问题的人，因此会乐观地认为Ashka协会可以取得真正严肃、实际的进展。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Acupuncture (针灸) is ___36___ ancient Chinese medicine-based apprach t ___37___(treat) a variety f diseases by triggering specific pints n the skin with needles. Since Qin dynasty, the Chinese ___38___ (alleviate) pain and treated illnesses thrugh acupuncture. This practice riginates frm the discvery ___39___ pricking specific pints n the bdy with stne needles culd ease pain and symptms, which is in line ___40___ the philsphy that facilitates the ___41___ (harmny) cexistence f humans with nature.
Accrding t Recrds f the Grand Histrian, authred by Sima Qian abut 2,100 years ag, Bian Que, a highly skilled dctr during the Warring States Perid (475-221 BC), was famus fr having saved a prince frm death by using needles ___42___ (stimulate) the Baihui acupint (穴位) n the head f the uncnscius man. Bian Que’ cure was s effective that the prince and the whle ryal family became his ___43___ (regular).
Ancient Chinese believed that the human bdy was filled with a(n) ___44___ (visible) life-giving frce which they called ‘qi’ and when the qi was flwing well and ging t all the right places inside a persn’s bdy, then he wuld experience gd mental and physical health. Tday, many peple vlunteer t becme a ___45___ (license) practitiner (从业人员) fr acupuncture, an effective therapy t help address a variety f health cncerns.
【答案】36. an 37. treating
38. have alleviated
39. that 40. with
41. harmnius
42. t stimulate
43. regulars
44. invisible
45. licensed
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了以古代中医为基础的疗法——针灸。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：针灸是一种基于古老中医的方法，通过用针刺触发皮肤上的特定点来治疗各种疾病。apprach是可数名词，此处表示一种基于古老中医的方法，应用不定冠词表示泛指，且ancient是以元音音素开头的单词，前面应加不定冠词an。故填an。
【37题详解】
考查动名词。句意同上。apprach t ding sth.为固定搭配，意为“做某事方法”，t为介词，后面接动名词形式作宾语。故填treating。
【38题详解】
考查时态。句意：自秦朝以来，中国人就通过针灸来缓解疼痛和治疗疾病。根据时间状语Since Qin dynasty可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语the Chinese指代“中国人”，视为复数，助动词应用have。故填have alleviated。
【39题详解】
考查同位语从句。句意：这一做法起源于这样一个发现：用石针刺身体的特定部位可以缓解疼痛和症状，这与促进人与自然和谐共存的哲学相一致。空处引导同位语从句，解释说明名词discvery的具体内容，从句成分和意义都完整，应用that引导。故填that。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意同上。in line with为固定短语，意为“与……一致”。故填with。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意同上。空处修饰名词cexistence，应用形容词harmnius作定语，表示“和谐的”。故填harmnius。
【42题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：据司马迁大约在2100年前撰写的《史记》记载，战国时期（公元前475-221年）的高明医生扁鹊因用针刺昏迷男子头部的百会穴而使王子起死回生而闻名。use sth. t d sth.为固定短语，表示“使用某物去做某事”。故填t stimulate。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：扁鹊的治疗非常有效，以至于王子和整个皇室都成了他的常客。句中regular是可数名词，表示“常客”，根据句中the prince and the whle ryal family可知，此处名词应用复数形式，作句子表语。故填regulars。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：古代中国人认为人体内充满了看不见的生命力量，他们称之为“气”，当气在人的身体里流动良好并到达所有正确的地方时，他就会体验到良好的身心健康。空处修饰名词frce，应用形容词作定语，结合语意以及常识可知，此处表示看不见的生命力量，使用形容词invisible，表示“看不见的”。故填invisible。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：今天，许多人自愿成为一名有执照的针灸从业者，这是一种有效的疗法，可以帮助解决各种健康问题。空处修饰名词practitiner，应用形容词licensed作定语，表示“有执照的”。故填licensed。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你与爱尔兰交换生Philip原定本周日上午一起修改英文演讲稿，因故不能赴约。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 表达歉意；
2. 说明原因；
3. 另约时间。
注意：写作词数应为80左右。
Dear Philip,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】One pssible versin:
Dear Philip,
I’m really srry fr nt being able t meet up with yu this Sunday mrning as planned t wrk n the English speech draft.
Recently, I was given an unexpected pprtunity t interview runners as a reprter fr the upcming 2023 Hangzhu Marathn. It’s a great hnr fr me, and I believe it will be a valuable experience fr my future career. Hwever, the interview is scheduled fr the same time as ur meeting, and I cannt reschedule it. I wuld appreciate it if yu allw me t rearrange ur meeting t next Sunday mrning. If yu are available that time, please let me knw.
I aplgize fr any incnvenience caused and appreciate yur understanding. Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生以李华的身份，给交换生Philip写一封道歉的邮件，向他表达不能赴约去修改英文演讲稿的歉意，说明具体原因，并约定另外的时间。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
机会：pprtunity→chance
宝贵的：valuable→precius, treasurable
安排：schedule→arrange
为……道歉：aplgize fr→say srry fr, make an aplgy fr
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I aplgize fr any incnvenience caused and appreciate yur understanding.
拓展句：I aplgize fr any incnvenience that will be caused fr yu and appreciate yur understanding.
【点睛】[高分句型1] It’s a great hnr fr me, and I believe it will be a valuable experience fr my future career. (运用了that引导宾语从句并被省略)
[高分句型2] If yu are available that time, please let me knw. (运用了if引导条件状语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My father was the kind f persn wh culd never pass by smene wh needed help. He was a firm believer in the mantra (箴言)： What ges arund cmes arund. He believed that smeday he might need help, and smene wuld return the favr. But I didn’t quite buy it.
One weekend, my father and I tk a trip t Flaming Grge Reservir (水库). We lved t fish at Flaming Grge. We wned a cabin bat that was abut fifteen feet in length. We put ur bat in at Sheep Creek Marina (游艇停泊港). Our gal was t g as far nrth as pssible, spend the weekend in ur bat, and fish until we had ur limit.
Heading tward the Wyming side f the reservir, we traveled sme distance befre we began t fish. Frankly, the fishing wasn’t very gd, but we lved being ut n the bat tgether in such a beautiful place.
Suddenly, we saw a man n the far shre waving at us. Immediately, my father fired up the mtr and went tward the ther side f the reservir, where the man was still waving at us. When we arrived, I was amazed t see a beautiful big yacht (游艇) pulled nt the shre.
The man intrduced himself as Mat and then thanked us warmly fr cming t his assistance. His battery was dead, and he wndered if we culd help him. We did, and sn his big mtr rared back t life. Mat and his family were very grateful. We lst an hur f fishing. Being an impatient teenager, I was a bit annyed at the ne-hur lss, but we were sn back ut n the reservir.
The next day the fishing didn’t imprve. As a matter f fact, it was terrible, s we decided t call it quits and g back t the marina. We were abut tw miles frm the marina when we fund urselves fighting a strng headwind that slwed ur prgress. The waves were kicking up, and suddenly ur engine decided t quit.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
We tried t get it running, but it simply wuldn’t start.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
On ur way hme, I saw an ld lady waving at ur car by the radside.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】We tried t get it running, but it simply wuldn’t start. With each unsuccessful attempt, ur frustratin munted. The nce-reliable engine nw lay silent, leaving us adrift helplessly n the vast reservir. Suddenly, ut f nwhere, Mat pulled up alngside us and asked if he culd be f assistance. His friendly smile reassured us almst immediately, easing ur wrry. I was amazed that f all the peple n the reservir, Mat wuld be the persn t shw up t give us aid. Gratefully accepting his kind ffer, we secured ur bat t his. Chatting and laughing all the way, we returned t the marina safe and sund and were ready fr hme.
On ur way hme, I saw an ld lady waving at ur car by the radside. Obviusly, she was in need f help. Withut thinking twice, I asked my father t pull ver beside her, which my father did immediately. As we apprached the lady, her face lit up with a glimmer f hpe. She explained that her car had brken dwn, leaving her trapped n the way. We assured her that we wuld help. As the engine rared back t life, the ld lady’s gratitude verflwed. As we waved the grateful lady gdbye, my heart swelled with a newfund understanding f my father’s mantra. What ges arund really cmes arund. I finally had a chance t witness my father’s mantra in actin and fllw in his ftsteps.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是读后续写。本文以人物为线索展开。作者的父亲喜欢帮助别人，父亲相信一报还一报。有一天，作者和父亲出海钓鱼，作者认为浪费了很多时间帮助马特发动游艇。第二天，父子二人捕鱼时，突然海上起了风浪，而且船的引擎突然熄火。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段句首内容“我们试着让它运转起来，但根本无法启动。”可知，第一段可以描写他们发动引擎的动作，作者的心理活动，得到帮助时的心情。
②由第二段句首内容“在回家的路上，我看到一位老太太在路边向我们的车挥手。”可知，第二段可以描写回家路上看到老太太需要帮助时作者的动作和心理变化，最后升华文章的主旨：一报还一报。
2.续写线索：发动引擎—失败—得到帮助—回家—路遇老太太—提供帮助—感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①尝试：attempt/ try/ experimentatin
②出现：shw up/ appear/ turn up
③帮助某人：give sb. aid/ help sb.
情绪类
①沮丧：frustratin/ depressin/ disappintment
②无助地：helplessly/ hpelessly
【点睛】【高分句型1】The nce-reliable engine nw lay silent, leaving us adrift helplessly n the vast reservir. ( 运用了现在分词leaving作结果状语)
【高分句型2】I was amazed that f all the peple n the reservir, Mat wuld be the persn t shw up t give us aid.( 运用了that引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型3】Withut thinking twice, I asked my father t pull ver beside her, which my father did immediately. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
1.答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。
2.每道选择题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Fr many peple, childhd is the best time f their lives. Children’s Day is celebrated by different cuntries n different days f the year. It is a hliday that celebrates the happiness, healthy grwth, and bright future f children.
China
Children’s Day is n June 1st. On this day, pupils g t schl as usual, but ften fr nly half f the day. The schl day tends t invlve varius Children’s Day activities instead f regular classes. The celebratin desn’t end at schl. After schl, parents usually take their children ut t play. They ften celebrate by having a picnic in the park r by ging t an amusement park, the cinema, r the z. Many turist attractins, including the Frbidden City, have discunts n admissin r are cmpletely free fr children n this day.
Japan
The Japanese peple celebrate Children’s Day n the fifth day f the fifth mnth every year. Families fly clrful carp flags (鲤鱼旗) frm their hmes, as carps represent determinatin and vigr in Japanese flklre (民间传说). They display figurines f Samurai Warrirs in their hmes t symblize strength and bravery. Children enjy sticky rice cakes in Quercus dentata leaves and participate in events arund the cuntry like traditinal Japanese plays.
India
Children’s Day is celebrated n Nvember14 every year. This date marks the birth anniversary f Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, the first prime minister f independent India. Nehru was very fnd f children and s, t hnr him and acknwledge his wrk fr children, the 14th f every Nvember is set as Children’s Day. On this ccasin, children f India usually get gifts frm their parents. Many schls allw students t attend their classes in clred dresses. Special prgrams are held by the children themselves. Many schls hld activities such as camping trips r free mvies n Children’s Day t allw students t have fun.
New Zealand
In New Zealand, Children’s Day is celebrated n the first Sunday f March each year. Fun cmmunity events are held thrughut the cuntry and include games, carnival, fd, traditinal haka dancing, and mre.
1. What d Chinese d n Children’s Day?
A. Pupils g t schl as usual
B. The celebratin end at schl.
C. Parents usually take children ut t play
D. Many turist attractins have n discunts
2. When is the Children’s Day in Japan?
A. June 1stB. May 5th
C. Nvember14D. The first Sunday f March
3. Where can yu prbably find the passage?
A. Turist brchureB. Bk reviewC. Science reprtD. News reprt
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，介绍了不同国家庆祝儿童节的方式。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据China部分的“After schl, parents usually take their children ut t play. They ften celebrate by having a picnic in the park r by ging t an amusement park, the cinema, r the z.”（放学后，父母通常会带孩子出去玩。他们经常通过在公园野餐或去游乐园、电影院或动物园来庆祝。）可知，中国的父母通常会带孩子出去玩。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Japan部分“The Japanese peple celebrate Children’s Day n the fifth day f the fifth mnth every year.”（日本人每年五月的第五天庆祝儿童节。）可知，日本的儿童节是在五月五日。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据文章第一段中的“Children’s Day is celebrated by different cuntries n different days f the year. (儿童节在一年中的不同日子由不同的国家庆祝。)”可知，文章介绍了不同国家的儿童节庆祝方式，可以推测这篇文章可能出现在旅游手册中。故选A。
B
Nwadays, we can read almst all "truths" n scial media sites. But are they really reliable? Sites such as the micr-messaging service, the scial netwrking site and the pht-sharing app Instagram might "misrepresent the real wrld", accrding t a study by cmputer scientists frm McGill University and Carnegie Melln University.
The scientists warn that gathering infrmatin abut public views and trends frm these sites is unwise. There are still large parts f the ppulatin wh d nt take part in scial media activities. Als, there's a risk that many scial media users are under-represented. Instagram, fr example, appeals t yunger adults in urban areas while Pinterest is used mainly by females aged 25 t 34. And nly 5 percent f the micr-messaging service users are ver 65 years ld, accrding t the study. Hwever, this is nt the nly issue, accrding t the scientific team. The design f a website can influence hw peple behave nline, creating what the researchers call "Internet bias". Fr example, micr-blgging sites such as Weib prmte "ppular" stries. It saves time fr sme but it als limits readers' chice f what they see. In the end, many peple pen thse stries and make them mre "ppular". But it's nt because they chse thse stries. Rather, it is because the cntent is right in frnt f them.
Besides, it's pssible that nt everyne n yur scial netwrks is real. There might actually be a few fake accunts amng them. Fake "bts" pretend t be humans and are ften included when measuring r predicting human behavirs nline.
The findings might be mre imprtant than yu wuld think, since many scial media studies are used t infrm and justify decisins and investments amng the public and in industry and gvernment, accrding t Derek Ruths, an assistant prfessr f Cmputer Science at Mc Gill University.
If the team is right, yu might have t think carefully next time yu say, "It's true, yu knw; I read it n Weib."
4. Why des the authr mentin the micr-messaging and Instagram?
A. Because they are the best scial media sites tday.
B. Because they are nt in favr f the current study.
C. Because the public are sharing truths n these sites.
D. Because infrmatin n these sites may nt be reliable.
5. Hw is the passage develped?
A. By giving examples.B. By making cmparisns.
C. By dividing int grups.D. By analyzing causes.
6. Which wrd can best describe the authr's attitude tward infrmatin n scial media sites?
A. Ambiguus.B. Favrable.C. Disagreeable.D. Cautius.
7. What's the authr's main purpse in writing the passage?
A. T analyze why infrmatin gathered frm scial media sites may nt be trustwrthy.
B. T remind readers f things they shuld watch ut fr when using scial media.
C. T pint ut the advantages and disadvantages f scial media.
D. T recmmend ppular scial netwrking sites fr readers.
【答案】4. D 5. D 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。当今，我们几乎可以在社交媒体网站上读到所有的“真理”，但它们真的可靠吗？研究表明它们可能“歪曲了现实世界”。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“But are they really reliable?（但他们真的可靠吗?）”可知，作者对这些网上信息的真实性提出质疑；根据第一段第三句“Sites such as the micr-messaging service, the scial netwrking site and the pht-sharing app Instagram might ‘misrepresent the real wrld’（ 微信息服务、社交网站和照片分享应用程序Instagram等网站可能“歪曲了现实世界”）”可知，微信息服务、社交网站和照片分享应用 Instagram 等网站可能“歪曲了现实世界”。由此可知，第一段提及微信息服务和 Instagram 等网站旨在说明这些网站上的信息可能不可靠。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。通读第一段可知，该段前两句引出文章主题：网上信息是否真实可靠；接着说明提出该主题的原因：微信息服务和 Instagram 等网站上的信息可能不可靠。通读第二段可知，该段第一句提出该段主旨：从这些网站上收集关于公共观点和趋势的信息是不明智的；接着说明其原因：许多人并没有参加网络活动，网上的信息是不全面的。通读第三段可知，有可能你社交网站上并非人人都是真实的。据此可知，文章通过“分析原因”的方法论证观点。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一、二句“Nwadays, we can read almst all ‘truths’ n scial media sites. But are they really reliable?（如今，我们几乎可以在社交媒体网站上看到所有的“真相”。但他们真的可靠吗?）”可知，作者对社交媒体网站上读到所有的“真相”提出质疑；根据最后一段中的“If the team is right, yu might have t think carefully next time（如果团队是正确的，那么下次您可能需要仔细考虑）”可推知，作者对社交媒体上的信息持谨慎态度。故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Nwadays, we can read almst all "truths" n scial media sites. But are they really reliable?... McGill University and Carnegie Melln University.（如今，我们几乎可以在社交媒体网站上看到所有的“真相”。但他们真的可靠吗?麦吉尔大学(McGill University)和卡内基梅隆大学(Carnegie Melln University)的计算机科学家的一项研究表明，微信息服务、社交网站和照片分享应用程序Instagram等网站可能会“歪曲现实世界”。）”和第二段第一句“The scientists warn that gathering infrmatin abut public views and trends frm these sites is unwise.（科学家警告说，从这些网站收集关于公众观点和趋势的信息是不明智的。）”可知，网站上的信息让人眼花缭乱，往往存在片面性和误导性，从网站上收集关于公共观点和趋势的信息是不明智的。据此可以判断，本文旨在提醒读者，在使用社交媒体获取信息时应当小心。故选B。
C
Arund seven ut f every ten Americans wh wrk in ffices d their wrk in an pen envirnment, defined as at desks withut meaningful partitins (隔板), accrding t an Internatinal Facility Management Assciatin survey. That is, if they even have a desk- wrkers may be assigned nly a few feet f a cmmunal (共用的) table. The pen-plan ffice space trend, ppularized by creative agencies and technlgy start-ups, went mainstream because f the belief that pen-space envirnments supprt innvatin. Mre nearness between emplyees, the thinking went, wuld create mre interactin and teamwrk, prmte scial interactin and urge prductivity.
But in fact, purely pen-plan ffices have been shwn t have the ppsite effects, creating s much distractin (分心) that emplyees stayed away frm each ther. A study funded by Harvard Business Sehal, the results f which were published last year, tracked what happened when a British cmpany mved its emplyees frm traditinal ffice space, with ffices with walls, t an pen ffice. Face-t-face interactin became less — emplyees spent 72 percent less time interacting with their clleagues. Instead f talking mre with each ther, the emplyees put n headphnes and began cmmunicating by text and email. As digital cmmunicatin channels surged, prductivity declined.
Neurscience als hlds sme clues as t why the tight quarters in cmmunal wrk spaces- where wrkers are nly given abut half the space they were given a decade ag- are s hard t wrk in. “The human vice sets ff the mst pwerful emtinal respnse in ur auditry (听觉的) experience. Vice abve 55 decibels (分贝) — rughly the sund f a lud phne call- causes measurable stress, ” accrding t a Wall Street Jurnal article, “The Neurscience-Optimized Office”. “Even mre trublesme are verheard ‘halfversatins’, in which the listener nly knws abut ne side f a dialgue; ur brains autmatically imagine the ther, ” wrte authrs Jhn Medina and Ryan Mullenix.
But the slutin, say experts including Newprt, isn’t t g back t putting everyne int ffices with walls.
8. What can we learn abut the pen ffice trend accrding t paragraph 1?
A. It allws 10 peple at mst t wrk tgether.
B. It is believed t stimulate wrkers’ creativity.
C. It is nly ppular with new technlgy cmpanies.
D. It is aimed at prmting wrkers’ scial interactin.
9. What des the underlined wrd “surged” in paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A. Suspended timely.B. Became useless.
C. Cst less.D. Increased quickly.
10. What makes an pen ffice hard t wrk in?
A. Hearing endless nisy phne calls.
B. Shwing real emtins publicly.
C. Facing cmmunicatin barriers at wrk.
D. Hearing part f a dialgue between clleagues.
11. What will prbably be discussed in the fllwing paragraph?
A. What are benefits f the pen ffices with walls.
B. Why the pen ffice makes wrkers distracted.
C. Hw t deal with the disadvantages f the pen ffice.
D. Hw t draw wrkers’ attentin t their clleagues nearby.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了开放式办公室的流行趋势及其对员工工作效率和互动的影响。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The pen-plan ffice space trend, ppularized by creative agencies and technlgy start-ups, went mainstream because f the belief that pen-space envirnments supprt innvatin. (开放式办公室空间的趋势，由创意机构和科技初创公司推广，成为主流，因为人们相信开放空间环境支持创新)”可知，开放式办公室的流行趋势是因为人们相信它能激发员工的创造力。故选B。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“Instead f talking mre with each ther, the emplyees put n headphnes and began cmmunicating by text and email. (员工们没有更多地互相交谈，而是戴上耳机，开始通过短信和电子邮件进行交流)”可知，员工们开始更多地使用数字通信渠道，数字通信渠道的激增，划线词surged意为“迅速增加”。A. Suspended timely及时暂停；B. Became useless变得无用；C. Cst less成本更低；D. Increased quickly增长迅速。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的““Even mre trublesme are verheard ‘halfversatins’, in which the listener nly knws abut ne side f a dialgue; ur brains autmatically imagine the ther, ” wrte authrs Jhn Medina and Ryan Mullenix. (更麻烦的是无意中听到的‘半句话’，听者只知道对话的一面；我们的大脑会自动想象对方，”作者约翰·梅迪纳和瑞安·穆勒尼克斯写道。)”可知，开放式办公室难以工作的原因是听到同事之间对话的一部分。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But the slutin, say experts including Newprt, isn’t t g back t putting everyne int ffices with walls. (但包括纽波特在内的专家表示，解决方案不是让每个人都回到有墙的办公室)”可推测，接下来可能会讨论如何解决开放式办公室的缺点。故选C。
D
Recrd sea ice lss caused a mass die-ff f emperr penguin chicks in part f Antarctica last year, strengthening predictins that the wrld’s largest penguin will sn be in danger f extinctin.
Unlike ther penguins, emperrs breed (繁殖) n sea ice rather than land.Male emperr penguins hatch the eggs during the Antarctic winter. The furry grey chicks need stable sea ice until December t grw their black waterprf feathers and gain enugh muscle t swim. If they g int the water befre they develp feathers, chicks can drwn r freeze t death.
In February, the area f sea ice arund Antarctica reached the lwest extent ever bserved. After much f the ice began breaking up late last year, fur ut f five habitats in the hard-bit central and eastern Bellingshausen Sea suffered a ttal breeding failure, with n chicks surviving t the feather grwing perid. In mid-Nvember, the sea ice there brke up, frcing the penguins t abandn the habitat and mst if nt all f their chicks.
A research team frm Oxfrd Brkes University mnitred ppulatins by sptting penguin faeces (排泄物) in satellite phts. Emperr penguins tend t stay clse, walking in a tight grup t stay warm in temperatures as lw as -60°C.The buildup f the habitat’s faeces stains the ice s brwn that it can be seen frm space. Once a habitat has been identified, researchers can cunt the individual penguins in very high-reslutin satellite images.
The bservatins add weight t mdelling predictins that 90 percent f emperr penguin habitats culd be extinct r past the pint f n return by 2100 if current rates f warming cntinue. While habitats can lse chicks in heavy strms r when severe winds break up the sea ice, this is the first-time widespread breeding failure has been linked t disappearing ice.
“Failure is the nrm but cmplete failure acrss a whle regin, that’s nt nrmal,” says Tim at Oxfrd Brkes University. “Will this impact the ppulatin? It really depends n hw ften it happens.”
12. What was the result f the ice breaking last year?
A. The area f the sea reached the lwest pint ever.
B. Emperr penguins left the habitats with their chicks.
C. Emperr penguins had t search fr fd themselves.
D. Mst emperr penguins chicks studied failed t survive.
13. Hw did the team identify a habitat in satellite images?
A. By cunting the penguins.
B. By making the images clearer.
C By sptting brwn stained ice.
D. By cllecting penguins’ faeces.
14. What can be inferred frm the last tw paragraphs?
A. The area suffered breeding failure fr the first time.
B. Severe strms caused the extensive breeding failure.
C. The ttal failure has made emperr penguins extinct.
D. The frequency f ice breaking needs t be cntrlled.
15. What is the passage mainly abut?
A. The main causes f glbal warming.
B. The exlinet emperr penguin habitats.
C. Emperr penguins’ severe breeding failure.
D. Health prblems f emperr penguin chicks.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是由于海冰创纪录的融化，造成帝企鹅严重的繁殖失败。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“After much f the ice began breaking up late last year, fur ut f five habitats in the hard-bit central and eastern Bellingshausen Sea suffered a ttal breeding failure, with n chicks surviving t the feather grwing perid. (在去年年底大部分冰开始破裂后，在硬硬的别林斯高森海中部和东部，五分之四的栖息地遭遇了完全的繁殖失败，没有一只雏鸟存活到羽毛的生长期)”可知，去年的破冰结果是造成了大多数被研究的帝企鹅幼崽都没能存活。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“A research team frm Oxfrd Brkes University mnitred ppulatins by sptting penguin faeces (排泄物) in satellite phts.(牛津布鲁克斯大学的一个研究小组通过在卫星照片中发现企鹅粪便来监测种群数量)”可知，研究小组是通过卫星照片中企鹅粪便来监测种群的数量，结合下文中的“The buildup f the habitat’s faeces stains the ice s brwn that it can be seen frm space.(栖息地的粪便堆积将冰染成棕色，从太空中都能看到)”可知，栖息地的粪便把冰染成棕色。由此可知，该团队是通过发现棕色的冰在卫星图像中确地栖息地的。故选C项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“The bservatins add weight t mdelling predictins that 90 percent f emperr penguin habitats culd be extinct r past the pint f n return by 2100 if current rates f warming cntinue.(这些观察结果为模型预测增加了权重，即如果目前的变暖速度继续下去，到2100年，90%的帝企鹅栖息地可能会灭绝或超过无法恢复的临界点)”可知，如果按照目前气候变暖的速度继续，到2100年90%的帝企鹅栖息地将可能灭绝或处于临界点，结合尾段中的“Will this impact the ppulatin? It really depends n hw ften it happens.(这会影响帝企鹅的数量吗？这真的取决于它发生的频率)”可知，帝企鹅的数量是否会受影响取决于破冰发生的频率。由此推知，帝企鹅的数量要想不受影响，破冰的频率需要控制。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段“Recrd sea ice lss caused a mass die-ff f emperr penguin chicks in part f Antarctica last year, strengthening predictins that the wrld’s largest penguin will sn be in danger f extinctin.(去年，创纪录的海冰融化导致南极洲部分地区的帝企鹅幼崽大量死亡，这进一步证实了世界上最大的企鹅即将面临灭绝的预测)”及下文内容可知，研究者发现随着气候变暖造成海冰减少导致帝企鹅的栖息地减少，进而造成帝企鹅繁殖失败。由此可知，本文主要讲述的是帝企鹅繁殖的严重失败。故选C项。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下列短文，从短文的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Imprtance f Learning a Secnd Language
In tday’s glbalized wrld, learning a secnd language has becme an essential skill. It ffers numerus benefits that can enhance bth persnal and prfessinal aspects f life.
___16___ Thrugh the prcess f learning a new language, ne can gain a deeper understanding f different cultures and traditins. This can lead t greater empathy and appreciatin fr diversity.
Additinally, bilingual (双语的) individuals ften have better cgnitive abilities. ___17___ Studies have shwn that they are better at multitasking, prblem-slving, and decisin-making cmpared t mnlinguals (单语的). This is because the brain is cnstantly engaged in managing tw languages, which strengthens its verall functin.
___18___ In many prfessinal fields, being prficient in mre than ne language can pen up jb pprtunities that wuld therwise be unavailable. Many cmpanies prefer t hire candidates wh can cmmunicate with internatinal clients r partners.
Mrever, learning a secnd language can significantly enhance travel experiences. ___19___ Cmmunicating in the lcal language can lead t mre meaningful interactins and a deeper cnnectin with the place and its peple.
Finally, the prcess f learning a new language itself can be incredibly (不可置信地) rewarding. ___20___ This sense f achievement can bst cnfidence and mtivate individuals t tackle ther challenges in life.
Overall, the advantages f learning a secnd language are clear. It nt nly bradens ne’s hrizns but als equips them with skills that are valuable in an increasingly intercnnected wrld.
A. It allws travelers t guide new envirnments with ease and enjy genuine cultural experiences.
B. The effrt and devtin required t master a new language can get a strng sense f accmplishment.
C. Bilingualism can delay the nset f dementia (痴呆症) and ther age-related cgnitive declines.
D. One f the mst significant advantages is the ability t cnnect with peple frm different backgrunds.
E. Fluency in multiple languages is ften assciated with higher salaries and better career prspects.
F. They tend t have imprved memry, attentin span, and analytical skills.
G. Anther majr benefit is the imprvement in jb prspects and career advancement.
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. G 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学习第二语言的好处和重要性。
【16题详解】
根据后文“Thrugh the prcess f learning a new language, ne can gain a deeper understanding f different cultures and traditins. This can lead t greater empathy and appreciatin fr diversity. (通过学习一门新语言的过程，一个人可以对不同的文化和传统有更深的了解。这可以导致对多样性更大的同情和欣赏)”可知，本段主要介绍学习第二语言对文化交流的好处，空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，应该与交流上的好处相关，因此D项“One f the mst significant advantages is the ability t cnnect with peple frm different backgrunds. (最重要的优势之一是能够与来自不同背景的人建立联系)”符合语境，契合后文内容。故选D。
【17题详解】
前文“Additinally, bilingual (双语的) individuals ften have better cgnitive abilities (此外，会说两种语言的人通常有更好的认知能力)”提到双语者认知能力更好，空处应该会展开说明他们认知能力方面的表现，因此F项“They tend t have imprved memry, attentin span, and analytical skills. (他们往往有更好的记忆力、注意力持续时间和分析能力)”符合语境，承接前文，其中的They指代前文的bilingual individuals。故选F。
【18题详解】
根据后文“In many prfessinal fields, being prficient in mre than ne language can pen up jb pprtunities that wuld therwise be unavailable. Many cmpanies prefer t hire candidates wh can cmmunicate with internatinal clients r partners. (在许多专业领域，精通一门以上的语言可以为你带来原本无法获得的工作机会。许多公司更愿意雇用能够与国际客户或合作伙伴沟通的候选人)”可知，本段主要介绍学习第二语言对职业发展的好处，空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，应该与职业上的好处相关，因此G项“Anther majr benefit is the imprvement in jb prspects and career advancement. (另一个主要好处是改善就业前景和职业发展)”符合语境，契合段落内容。故选G。
【19题详解】
前文“Mrever, learning a secnd language can significantly enhance travel experiences. (此外，学习第二语言可以显著提高旅行体验)”提到学习第二语言可以改善旅行体验，空处应该会展开说明更好的旅行体验，因此A项“It allws travelers t guide new envirnments with ease and enjy genuine cultural experiences. (它允许旅行者轻松地引导新的环境，并享受真正的文化体验)”符合语境，承接前文，其中的It指代前文的It。故选A。
【20题详解】
前文“Finally, the prcess f learning a new language itself can be incredibly (不可置信地) rewarding. (最后，学习一门新语言的过程本身是非常有益的)”指出学习一门新语言本身有益，后文“This sense f achievement can bst cnfidence and mtivate individuals t tackle ther challenges in life. (这种成就感可以增强自信，激励个人应对生活中的其他挑战)”提到成就感的好处，空处应该和学习一门新语言带来成就感相关，因此B项“The effrt and devtin required t master a new language can get a strng sense f accmplishment. (掌握一门新语言所需要的努力和投入可以获得强烈的成就感)”符合语境，承上启下，其中的accmplishment和后文的achievement呼应。故选B。
第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Ashka, an assciatin funded by Bill Draytn, has fught t end pverty (贫困) and sickness, prmted educatin and encuraged small businesses. T supprt these wrthy ____21____, Ashka prvides mney t slve urgent prblems wrldwide.
Draytn emphasizes the imprtant thing is t simply give yurself ____22____. If yu see a prblem, yu can help slve it. The yung ____23____ are willing t ____24____ this cncept because at heart every child wants t grw int a happy, healthy and ____25____ adult. In fact, it is many yung peple’s ____26____ t set up prgrammes r businesses that imprve scial cnditins. An excellent example is an Ashka prject started in 1995 in Dhaka, which effectively handled the ____27____ prblem the city encuntered, and prvided an incme fr lcal farmers there.
When Masqsd and Iftekhar frm Ashka began t study the prblem f all the uncllected rubbish that lay in Dhaka’s streets, ____28____ rats and disease, they discvered that 80% f it was natural waste. S they educated the pr there t ____29____ methds t cmpst (堆肥) this waste. They knew that they wuld have a _____30_____ fr the end prduct because lcal farmers were struggling with _____31_____ chemical fertilisers (化肥). At first, they were _____32_____, but nce they were able t _____33_____ them that there was mney t be made, the prject _____34_____. In 2009 sales were $14,000.
Draytn is _____35_____ that in ten years Ashka will be making really serius, practical prgress in bringing abut scial change by changing the way we lk at ecnmic develpment.
21. A. plansB. causesC. attemptsD. events
22. A. rightB. cnfidenceC. permissinD. praise
23. A. in particularB. in factC. n purpseD. in turn
24. A. avidB. declineC. acceptD. appreciate
25. A. prfessinalB. generusC. cntributingD. inncent
26. A. ambitinB. definitinC. adviceD. purpse
27. A. waterB. resurceC. rubbishD. traffic
28. A. attackingB. chargingC. cuntingD. inviting
29. A. emplyB. createC. leaveD. send
30. A. hpeB. marketC. desireD. way
31. A. expensiveB. effectiveC. affrdableD. prfitable
32. A. refusedB. recgnisedC. cnfusedD. surprised
33. A. permitB. rderC. adviseD. persuade
34. A. set ffB. tk ffC. picked upD. put up
35. A. uncertainB. dubtfulC. pessimisticD. ptimistic
【答案】21. B 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Bill Draytn创立了Ashka协会，提供资金来解决世界各地的紧急问题。Draytn强调自信的重要性，认为每个人都有解决问题的能力，而且年轻人尤其希望通过建立改善社会的项目或企业来做出贡献。文章以在达卡启动的一个项目为例，讲述了Masqsd和Iftekhar两人如何有效地解决垃圾问题，并为当地农民提供收入。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了支持这些有价值的事业，Ashka提供资金来解决世界各地的紧急问题。A. plans计划；B. causes事业；C. attempts尝试；D. events事件。根据上文“Ashka, an assciatin funded by Bill Draytn, has fught t end pverty (贫困) and sickness, prmted educatin and encuraged small businesses.”可知，此处指上一句中消除贫困和疾病、促进教育、鼓励小企业发展这些有价值的事业。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Draytn强调，重要的是要给自己信心。A. right权利；B. cnfidence自信；C. permissin许可；D. praise赞扬。根据下文“If yu see a prblem, yu can help slve it.”可知，如果你看到一个问题，你可以帮助解决它，这个概念表现的是对自己能力的信心。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：这个年轻人尤其愿意接受这个概念，因为每个孩子内心都想成长为一个快乐、健康和有贡献成年人。A. in particular尤其；B. in fact实际上；C. n purpse故意；D. in turn反过来。根据上文“If yu see a prblem, yu can help slve it.”可知，上一句已经介绍了这个概念，此处应该是进一步介绍Draytn对这个概念的态度，应用in particular“尤其”强调他这个态度的程度。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个年轻人尤其愿意接受这个概念，因为每个孩子内心都想成长为一个快乐、健康和有贡献的成年人。A. avid避免；B. decline拒绝；C. accept接受；D. appreciate感谢。根据下文“because at heart every child wants t grw int a happy, healthy and ____5____ adult”可知，每个孩子内心想成为快乐、健康的成年人，他们会想帮助他人，因此Draytn会很愿意接受这个概念。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个年轻人尤其愿意接受这个概念，因为每个孩子内心都想成长为一个快乐、健康和有贡献的成年人。A. prfessinal专业的；B. generus慷慨的；C. cntributing贡献的；D. inncent无辜的。根据下文“In fact, it is many yung peple’s ____6____ t set up prgrammes r businesses that imprve scial cnditins.”可知，许多年轻人想建立改善社会状况的项目或企业，因此是成为有贡献的成年人。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，许多年轻人的抱负是建立改善社会状况的项目或企业。A. ambitin抱负；B. definitin定义；C. advice建议；D. purpse目的。根据下文“t set up prgrammes r businesses that imprve scial cnditins”可推知，建立改善社会状况的项目或企业应该是年轻人想实现的远大抱负。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个很好的例子是1995年在达卡启动的Ashka项目，它有效地解决了城市遇到的垃圾问题，并为当地农民提供了收入。A. water水；B. resurce资源；C. rubbish垃圾；D. traffic交通。根据下文“When Masqsd and Iftekhar frm Ashka began t study the prblem f all the uncllected rubbish that lay in Dhaka’s streets”可知，这个项目解决的是城市遇到的垃圾问题。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当来自Ashka的Masqsd和Iftekhar开始研究达卡街道上所有未收集的垃圾招致老鼠和疾病的问题时，他们发现其中80%是自然废弃物。A. attacking攻击；B. charging收费；C. cunting计数；D. inviting招致。根据上文“all the uncllected rubbish that lay in Dhaka’s streets”可推知，街道上未收集的垃圾会招致老鼠和疾病。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以他们教育那里的穷人使用堆肥的方法。A. emply使用；B. create创建；C. leave离开；D. send发送。根据上文“80% f it was natural waste”和下文“methds t cmpst (堆肥) this waste”可推知，他们教育穷人使用堆肥的方法来处理这些自然废弃物。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们知道最终产品会有市场，因为当地农民正在为昂贵的化肥而苦苦挣扎。A. hpe希望；B. market市场；C. desire愿望；D. way方式。根据下文“In 2009 sales were $14,000.”可知，这些产品销售地很好，因此是知道最终产品会有市场。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们知道最终产品会有市场，因为当地农民正在为昂贵的化肥而苦苦挣扎。A. expensive昂贵的；B. effective有效的；C. affrdable负担得起的；D. prfitable有盈利的。根据上文“the pr”和“were struggling with”可推知，贫穷的当地农民因为昂贵的化肥而苦苦挣扎。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，他们被拒绝了，但一旦他们能够说服他们有钱可赚，这个项目突然开始成功了。A. refused拒绝；B. recgnised认出；C. cnfused使困惑；D. surprised使惊讶。根据下文“but nce they were able t ____13____ them that there was mney t be made”可知，后来事情发生了转机，由此推知，一开始他们提出的想法应该是被当地农民拒绝了。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，他们被拒绝了，但一旦他们能够说服他们有钱可赚，这个项目突然开始成功了。A. permit允许；B. rder命令；C. advise劝告；D. persuade说服。根据下文“that there was mney t be made”可推知，他们应该是要说服当地的农民使用堆肥的方法可以赚钱，从而解决街道上的垃圾问题。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：起初，他们被拒绝了，但一旦他们能够说服他们有钱可赚，这个项目突然开始成功了。A. set ff出发；B. tk ff突然开始成功；C. picked up捡起；D. put up搭建。根据下文“In 2009 sales were $14,000.”可知，产品销售地很好，因此项目突然开始成功了。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Draytn乐观地认为，十年内Ashka将通过改变我们看待经济发展的方式，在带来社会变革方面取得真正严肃、实际的进展。A. uncertain不确定的；B. dubtful怀疑的；C. pessimistic悲观的；D. ptimistic乐观的。根据上文“If yu see a prblem, yu can help slve it.”可知，Draytn是一个相信人们可以解决问题的人，因此会乐观地认为Ashka协会可以取得真正严肃、实际的进展。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Acupuncture (针灸) is ___36___ ancient Chinese medicine-based apprach t ___37___(treat) a variety f diseases by triggering specific pints n the skin with needles. Since Qin dynasty, the Chinese ___38___ (alleviate) pain and treated illnesses thrugh acupuncture. This practice riginates frm the discvery ___39___ pricking specific pints n the bdy with stne needles culd ease pain and symptms, which is in line ___40___ the philsphy that facilitates the ___41___ (harmny) cexistence f humans with nature.
Accrding t Recrds f the Grand Histrian, authred by Sima Qian abut 2,100 years ag, Bian Que, a highly skilled dctr during the Warring States Perid (475-221 BC), was famus fr having saved a prince frm death by using needles ___42___ (stimulate) the Baihui acupint (穴位) n the head f the uncnscius man. Bian Que’ cure was s effective that the prince and the whle ryal family became his ___43___ (regular).
Ancient Chinese believed that the human bdy was filled with a(n) ___44___ (visible) life-giving frce which they called ‘qi’ and when the qi was flwing well and ging t all the right places inside a persn’s bdy, then he wuld experience gd mental and physical health. Tday, many peple vlunteer t becme a ___45___ (license) practitiner (从业人员) fr acupuncture, an effective therapy t help address a variety f health cncerns.
【答案】36. an 37. treating
38. have alleviated
39. that 40. with
41. harmnius
42. t stimulate
43. regulars
44. invisible
45. licensed
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了以古代中医为基础的疗法——针灸。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：针灸是一种基于古老中医的方法，通过用针刺触发皮肤上的特定点来治疗各种疾病。apprach是可数名词，此处表示一种基于古老中医的方法，应用不定冠词表示泛指，且ancient是以元音音素开头的单词，前面应加不定冠词an。故填an。
【37题详解】
考查动名词。句意同上。apprach t ding sth.为固定搭配，意为“做某事方法”，t为介词，后面接动名词形式作宾语。故填treating。
【38题详解】
考查时态。句意：自秦朝以来，中国人就通过针灸来缓解疼痛和治疗疾病。根据时间状语Since Qin dynasty可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语the Chinese指代“中国人”，视为复数，助动词应用have。故填have alleviated。
【39题详解】
考查同位语从句。句意：这一做法起源于这样一个发现：用石针刺身体的特定部位可以缓解疼痛和症状，这与促进人与自然和谐共存的哲学相一致。空处引导同位语从句，解释说明名词discvery的具体内容，从句成分和意义都完整，应用that引导。故填that。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意同上。in line with为固定短语，意为“与……一致”。故填with。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意同上。空处修饰名词cexistence，应用形容词harmnius作定语，表示“和谐的”。故填harmnius。
【42题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：据司马迁大约在2100年前撰写的《史记》记载，战国时期（公元前475-221年）的高明医生扁鹊因用针刺昏迷男子头部的百会穴而使王子起死回生而闻名。use sth. t d sth.为固定短语，表示“使用某物去做某事”。故填t stimulate。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：扁鹊的治疗非常有效，以至于王子和整个皇室都成了他的常客。句中regular是可数名词，表示“常客”，根据句中the prince and the whle ryal family可知，此处名词应用复数形式，作句子表语。故填regulars。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：古代中国人认为人体内充满了看不见的生命力量，他们称之为“气”，当气在人的身体里流动良好并到达所有正确的地方时，他就会体验到良好的身心健康。空处修饰名词frce，应用形容词作定语，结合语意以及常识可知，此处表示看不见的生命力量，使用形容词invisible，表示“看不见的”。故填invisible。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：今天，许多人自愿成为一名有执照的针灸从业者，这是一种有效的疗法，可以帮助解决各种健康问题。空处修饰名词practitiner，应用形容词licensed作定语，表示“有执照的”。故填licensed。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你与爱尔兰交换生Philip原定本周日上午一起修改英文演讲稿，因故不能赴约。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 表达歉意；
2. 说明原因；
3. 另约时间。
注意：写作词数应为80左右。
Dear Philip,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】One pssible versin:
Dear Philip,
I’m really srry fr nt being able t meet up with yu this Sunday mrning as planned t wrk n the English speech draft.
Recently, I was given an unexpected pprtunity t interview runners as a reprter fr the upcming 2023 Hangzhu Marathn. It’s a great hnr fr me, and I believe it will be a valuable experience fr my future career. Hwever, the interview is scheduled fr the same time as ur meeting, and I cannt reschedule it. I wuld appreciate it if yu allw me t rearrange ur meeting t next Sunday mrning. If yu are available that time, please let me knw.
I aplgize fr any incnvenience caused and appreciate yur understanding. Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生以李华的身份，给交换生Philip写一封道歉的邮件，向他表达不能赴约去修改英文演讲稿的歉意，说明具体原因，并约定另外的时间。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
机会：pprtunity→chance
宝贵的：valuable→precius, treasurable
安排：schedule→arrange
为……道歉：aplgize fr→say srry fr, make an aplgy fr
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I aplgize fr any incnvenience caused and appreciate yur understanding.
拓展句：I aplgize fr any incnvenience that will be caused fr yu and appreciate yur understanding.
【点睛】[高分句型1] It’s a great hnr fr me, and I believe it will be a valuable experience fr my future career. (运用了that引导宾语从句并被省略)
[高分句型2] If yu are available that time, please let me knw. (运用了if引导条件状语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My father was the kind f persn wh culd never pass by smene wh needed help. He was a firm believer in the mantra (箴言)： What ges arund cmes arund. He believed that smeday he might need help, and smene wuld return the favr. But I didn’t quite buy it.
One weekend, my father and I tk a trip t Flaming Grge Reservir (水库). We lved t fish at Flaming Grge. We wned a cabin bat that was abut fifteen feet in length. We put ur bat in at Sheep Creek Marina (游艇停泊港). Our gal was t g as far nrth as pssible, spend the weekend in ur bat, and fish until we had ur limit.
Heading tward the Wyming side f the reservir, we traveled sme distance befre we began t fish. Frankly, the fishing wasn’t very gd, but we lved being ut n the bat tgether in such a beautiful place.
Suddenly, we saw a man n the far shre waving at us. Immediately, my father fired up the mtr and went tward the ther side f the reservir, where the man was still waving at us. When we arrived, I was amazed t see a beautiful big yacht (游艇) pulled nt the shre.
The man intrduced himself as Mat and then thanked us warmly fr cming t his assistance. His battery was dead, and he wndered if we culd help him. We did, and sn his big mtr rared back t life. Mat and his family were very grateful. We lst an hur f fishing. Being an impatient teenager, I was a bit annyed at the ne-hur lss, but we were sn back ut n the reservir.
The next day the fishing didn’t imprve. As a matter f fact, it was terrible, s we decided t call it quits and g back t the marina. We were abut tw miles frm the marina when we fund urselves fighting a strng headwind that slwed ur prgress. The waves were kicking up, and suddenly ur engine decided t quit.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
We tried t get it running, but it simply wuldn’t start.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
On ur way hme, I saw an ld lady waving at ur car by the radside.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】We tried t get it running, but it simply wuldn’t start. With each unsuccessful attempt, ur frustratin munted. The nce-reliable engine nw lay silent, leaving us adrift helplessly n the vast reservir. Suddenly, ut f nwhere, Mat pulled up alngside us and asked if he culd be f assistance. His friendly smile reassured us almst immediately, easing ur wrry. I was amazed that f all the peple n the reservir, Mat wuld be the persn t shw up t give us aid. Gratefully accepting his kind ffer, we secured ur bat t his. Chatting and laughing all the way, we returned t the marina safe and sund and were ready fr hme.
On ur way hme, I saw an ld lady waving at ur car by the radside. Obviusly, she was in need f help. Withut thinking twice, I asked my father t pull ver beside her, which my father did immediately. As we apprached the lady, her face lit up with a glimmer f hpe. She explained that her car had brken dwn, leaving her trapped n the way. We assured her that we wuld help. As the engine rared back t life, the ld lady’s gratitude verflwed. As we waved the grateful lady gdbye, my heart swelled with a newfund understanding f my father’s mantra. What ges arund really cmes arund. I finally had a chance t witness my father’s mantra in actin and fllw in his ftsteps.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达是读后续写。本文以人物为线索展开。作者的父亲喜欢帮助别人，父亲相信一报还一报。有一天，作者和父亲出海钓鱼，作者认为浪费了很多时间帮助马特发动游艇。第二天，父子二人捕鱼时，突然海上起了风浪，而且船的引擎突然熄火。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段句首内容“我们试着让它运转起来，但根本无法启动。”可知，第一段可以描写他们发动引擎的动作，作者的心理活动，得到帮助时的心情。
②由第二段句首内容“在回家的路上，我看到一位老太太在路边向我们的车挥手。”可知，第二段可以描写回家路上看到老太太需要帮助时作者的动作和心理变化，最后升华文章的主旨：一报还一报。
2.续写线索：发动引擎—失败—得到帮助—回家—路遇老太太—提供帮助—感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①尝试：attempt/ try/ experimentatin
②出现：shw up/ appear/ turn up
③帮助某人：give sb. aid/ help sb.
情绪类
①沮丧：frustratin/ depressin/ disappintment
②无助地：helplessly/ hpelessly
【点睛】【高分句型1】The nce-reliable engine nw lay silent, leaving us adrift helplessly n the vast reservir. ( 运用了现在分词leaving作结果状语)
【高分句型2】I was amazed that f all the peple n the reservir, Mat wuld be the persn t shw up t give us aid.( 运用了that引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型3】Withut thinking twice, I asked my father t pull ver beside her, which my father did immediately. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
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