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河北省保定市部分高中2024-2025学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题（解析版）
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这是一份河北省保定市部分高中2024-2025学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题（解析版），共26页。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
At what time was the fire put ut?
A. Tw ’clck.B. Fur ’clck.C. Five ’clck.
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】W: I heard the fire brke ut at tw in the mrning.
M: That’s right. And the fireman culdn’t put it ut until five ’clck.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What’s the weather like nw?
A. Snwy.
B. Rainy.
C. Sunny.
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】M: It’s raining again. The weather reprt says it’s ging t snw tnight. I dn’t like this kind f weather.
W: But it’s ging t be sunny this weekend.
【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Whse car des Jenny have nw?
A. Her father’s car.B. Her mther’s car.C. Her wn car.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Ww, Jenny. I heard yu gt a new car.
W: Ha-ha, n! I haven’t picked mine up yet. My mther drve my dad t wrk, s I have his car fr tday.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. At an airprt.B. In a factry.C. In a classrm.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Dn’t frget t study fr the test n Thursday.
M: Excuse me, Mrs. Simn, but yesterday yu said the test wuld be n Mnday.
W: Oh, yes. Yu’re right. Thank yu fr crrecting me.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Hw will the speakers prbably g hme?
A. By bus.B. By taxi.C. By subway.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: This is the mst wnderful party I have ever visited. Ww, it’s almst 12 ’clck. Hw can we get hme? It’s s late and the buses and subways have all stpped running.
W: It lks as thugh we have n chice but t call a taxi.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What des the man invite the wman t d this Saturday?
A. Have lunch.B. D sme shpping.C. G t a gallery pening.
7. What des the wman want t knw at the end?
A. What t wear.
B. Hw t get the destinatin.
C. When t cme back.
【答案】6. C 7. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Dnna, there’s a gallery pening n Saturday. I wnder if yu’d like t g with me.
W: I’d lve t. But I have t g t the supermarket with my mm n Saturday afternn.
M: I’ll pick yu up at 9:00 and take yu hme by nn. Hw’s that?
W: That sunds fine. I’ve never been t a gallery pening befre. What’s it like?
M: All yu have t d is t stand arund, lk at the art, drink sme wine, and eat tiny sandwiches. Maybe we’ll cme acrss sme famus peple.
W: Well, what shuld I wear?
M: Peple will be pretty dressed up, but dn’t wrry. Yu will be fine in this dress.
W: OK.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What is wrng with Kathy?
A. She is upset because she failed the exam.
B. She is wrried abut her classmate Dn.
C. She can’t get n well with her father.
9. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. Midterm exams.B. Schl educatin.C. Pressure frm parents.
【答案】8. B 9. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Kathy, yu’ve been a little quiet since yu came in. Is anything wrng?
W: Oh, I’ve just been thinking abut my classmate Dn.
M: What’s the matter?
W: He failed the midterm exams, and decided t drp ut f schl. But his father expected t see his gd grades.
M: I see. S he culdn’t deal with the pressure?
W: Right. His father expected nthing but high marks. Dn had tried his best.
M: I think it’s wrng fr parents t pressure their children like that.
W: I agree. Dn said that his father never stpped adding the pressure.
M: It makes things wrse.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. What d we knw abut the man?
A. He gt a raise.
B. He just gt a new jb.
C. He mved int a new huse.
11. What kind f TV set des the wman suggest?
A. A small ne.B. A big ne.C. A cheap ne.
12. Why des the wman give the man such a suggestin?
A. Prices will g up sn.
B. New prducts cme ut every year.
C. His living rm isn’t very big.
【答案】10. C 11. A 12. C
【解析】
【详解】M: We’ve just mved int a new huse.
W: Really? Cngratulatins!
M: Thank yu. I think we want t buy a new televisin set.
W: What kind f televisin d yu want t buy?
M: A clr TV set, f curse, but I’m nt sure abut the size. Maybe we shuld buy a big ne. If we buy a small ne, we might have t exchange it in a few years fr a bigger ne. That wuld be a waste f mney. What’s yur pinin?
W: In my pinin, I dn’t think it’s necessary t buy a very big ne.
M: Any particular reasns?
W: Yes. As far as I knw, yur living rm isn’t very big. If yu put a very big televisin there, it will be bad fr yur eyes. Besides, a small TV set can still pick up the same prgrams.
M: Hmm, that’s quite true. I’ll think it ver again.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. Where is the meat shelf?
A. In the back f the stre.
B. T the left f the speaker.
C. On the ther side frm the bakery.
14. Hw ften des the man g t the supermarket?
A. Once a week.B. Once a mnth.C. Once a frtnight,
15. What des the wman ffer t d fr the man?
A. Find sme ranges fr him.
B. Help rganize the lcatins.
C. Reprt his pinin with her manager.
16. What is the man likely t buy?
A. Sap.B. Bread.C. Prk.
【答案】13. A 14. B 15. C 16. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Excuse me, sir. Yu lk like yu’re lking fr smething. Can I help yu?
M: Yes. The way is really different frm usual.
W: Yes, we made sme changes. Fr example, the meat shelf used t be n the ther side f the stre, but nw the meat sectin is in the back f the stre.
M: N wnder. I cme here nce a mnth.
W: What d yu think the way it lks?
M: Well, t be hnest, it’s nt as easy fr me t find the things I need. I like the ld way better.
W: Well, I’ll keep it in mind and bring it up with my manager. Is there anything I culd help yu find?
M: I really need smething fr the bathrm. Where wuld I find thse?
W: On gds shelf fur.
M: Great! I’m als lking fr sme ranges, but I can see the fruits just t the left ver there. I’ll let yu knw if I need any mre help.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. Wh is the bk fr?
A. Yung children.B. Parents.C. Teachers.
18. What happens t Vanessa n her first day in schl?
A. She is badly treated by anther child.
B. She plays prly in the games.
C. She spends her time alne.
19. Hw des Vanessa’s classmate help her?
A. By walking tgether with her.
B. By inviting her fr dinner.
C. By telling her what t d.
20. What might the speaker be ding?
A. Reading her new picture bk.
B. Hsting a radi prgram.
C. Giving a class.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Gd evening, everyne. In tnight’s Bk Time, I’d like t intrduce ne f the best children’s bks. The bk is I Walk With Vanessa. This wnderful wrdless picture bk is fr little nes aged 5 t 10 years ld. It tells the stry f a new girl in schl, Vanessa. The new girl spends her first day in schl all by herself. She des nt jin in the games, neither des she take part in the classrm activities. As sn as schl is ver, she leaves quickly. On her way hme, she is badly treated by anther child. A girl in her class sees this incident. That girl spends the entire evening thinking abut what she saw, and what she can d t help. In the mrning f the next day, she has an idea. She ges t Vanessa’s hme and walks with her t schl. Friends jin the walk, and sn the entire schl is walking with Vanessa. This wnderful picture bk teaches children what t d if they see smene badly treated by thers. And it als teaches children that a simple act f kindness can really help. Thank yu fr listening t ur prgramme.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Every year, millins f peple watch tennis games t celebrate the spirit f tennis. Here are fur majr tennis events, which are als knwn as the Grand Slam turnaments (大满贯赛事), helping yu knw the sprt better.
The US Open
The US Open, the furth Grand Slam f the tennis year, has its rts in 1881. It is held at the USTA Billie Jean King Natinal Tennis Center in New Yrk, usually between late August and early September. Played n hard curts, the US Open is knwn fr its hard playing surface, which rewards pwerful serves and aggressive play.
The French Open
The French Open, als knwn as the Rland-Garrs turnament, dating back t 1891. It is held annually at the Stade Rland-Garrs in Paris, typically between late May and early June. The turnament is played n clay curts (红土网球场), which are knwn fr slw pace and high bunce, favring players with strng baseline play and gd sliding perfrmance.
The Australian Open
The Australian Open r the AO, the calendar year’s first Grand Slam, began in 1905. It has evlved int a majr event in prfessinal tennis playing, held annually in Melburne, in January. Played n hard curts, the AO is famus fr its ht and ften windy cnditins, which test players’ adaptability and endurance (忍耐力).
The Champinships, Wimbledn
Knwn fr the grass curts, it has been held since 1877 in Wimbledn, Lndn, which is als celebrated fr its fast play and the strict traditin f wearing all-white attire (服装). The turnament takes place annually in late June and early July. Its unique seeding system and the high hnur assciated with winning the title make it ne f the prizes each wants in tennis.
21. What d the US Open and the Australian Open have in cmmn?
A. The type f the curt is the same.B. The slw-paced players benefit mre.
C. The rigin dates frm the 1900s.D. The game is unaffected by the weather.
22. Which cmpetitin site features the red dirt?
A. The US Open.B. The French Open.
C. The Australian Open.D. The Champinships, Wimbledn.
23. What is special abut the Champinships, Wimbledn?
A. It allws participants t wear clurful clthing.
B. It ffers the playing field with grass as a highlight.
C. It is regarded as the hardest ne in the tennis wrld.
D. It runs as the last ne in the yearly Grand Slam games.
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四大网球大满贯赛事：美国网球公开赛、法国网球公开赛、澳大利亚网球公开赛和温布尔登网球锦标赛。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据The US Open部分中“Played n hard curts, the US Open is knwn fr its hard playing surface, which rewards pwerful serves and aggressive play. (美国网球公开赛在硬地球场举行，以其硬地场地而闻名，这有利于有力的发球和积极的比赛)”和The Australian Open部分中“Played n hard curts, the AO is famus fr its ht and ften windy cnditins, which test players’ adaptability and endurance (忍耐力).(澳网在硬地球场进行比赛，以炎热和经常刮风的天气而闻名，这是对球员适应能力和耐力的考验)”可知，美国网球公开赛和澳大利亚网球公开赛的共同点是它们都是在硬地球场上进行的。故选A项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据The French Open部分中“The turnament is played n clay curts (红土网球场), which are knwn fr slw pace and high bunce, favring players with strng baseline play and gd sliding perfrmance.(比赛在红土球场进行，红土球场以慢节奏和高弹跳而闻名，有利于底线击球有力和滑球表现良好的球员)”可知，法国网球公开赛的场地是红土网球场。故选B项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Champinships, Wimbledn部分中“Knwn fr the grass curts, it has been held since 1877 in Wimbledn, Lndn, which is als celebrated fr its fast play and the strict traditin f wearing all-white attire (服装). (这项赛事以草地球场而闻名，自1877年以来一直在伦敦温布尔登举行，温布尔登也以其快速的比赛和身穿全白服装的严格传统而闻名)”可知，提供草地场地是温布尔登网球锦标赛的特色。故选B项。
B
“When I was yung, I tld my mther that I wuld g t China t learn kung fu ne day. She didn’t believe it at the time. When I gt there, I immediately called her and said, ‘Mm, guess where I am. I’m at the Shalin Temple!’,” says Max Ylland, a yung man frm Cted’Ivire, sharing his attachment fr Chinese culture.
Ylland is als knwn as Yanming the Chinese name he was given by his teacher at the Shalin Temple, where the “Shalin kung fu” was brn, and which tday is like a magnet (磁铁) fr fans frm all ver the wrld.
At the time, Ylland was a student at the Felix Huphuet-Bigny University in Abidjan. Mtivated by his passin fr Chinese culture, he signed up at the Cnfucius Institute t study Chinese. In late 2016, he had the pprtunity t visit the temple in Henan Prvince n a three-mnth exchange. This experience defined his clse relatinship with traditinal Chinese culture.
After returning t Cte d’Ivire, Ylland cntinued t practice Chinese and study traditinal Chinese culture. In July 2017, he returned t the Shalin Temple again and remained there fr six years. His years at the temple reading, exercising, practicing kung fu and meditatin (冥想) greatly changed him, and allwed him t better understand and appreciate traditinal Chinese culture.
He says the mst impressive things he nticed that rted in Chinese culture are the lve f wrk, respect and recgnitin. At the end f 2022, when he cmpleted his studies at the temple, he began wrking at a Shalin cultural center in Zambia. The first f its kind in Africa, the center is hme t 30 rphans (孤儿), wh are taught Chinese language and traditinal Chinese culture, including kung fu, as part f the curse.
Fr Ylland, the purpse f studying Chinese culture was t be able t return t Africa t intrduce Chinese values t his cmpatrits (同胞). “The culture fascinated me because in China, peple make an effrt t wrk better, and they are very respectful and grateful t their family and cuntry,” he says.
24. Which can replace the underlined wrd “attachment” in paragraph 1?
A. Cnfusin.B. Disappintment.C. Affectin.D. Investigatin.
25. What made Ylland truly related t traditinal Chinese culture?
A. Learning Chinese at the Cnfucius Institute.
B. Visiting the Shalin Temple in Henan Prvince.
C. Reading traditinal Chinese culture bks.
D. Wrking at a Shalin cultural center.
26. Which f the fllwing can best describe Ylland?
A. Brave.B. Determined.C. Humrus.D. Organized.
27. What can we learn abut the Shalin cultural center in Zambia?
A. Its curses are all abut Chinese culture.B. It was funded by the Shalin Temple.
C. It is an fficial authrized agency.D. It is a charity.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. B 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了来自科特迪瓦的Max Ylland从小热爱中国功夫，在少林寺学习了六年，回到非洲后，他致力于传播中国传统文化。
【24题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“When I was yung, I tld my mther that I wuld g t China t learn kung fu ne day. She didn’t believe it at the time. When I gt there, I immediately called her and said, ‘Mm, guess where I am. I’m at the Shalin Temple!’(我小时候告诉妈妈，有一天我会去中国学习功夫。当时她不相信。当我到了那里，我立刻打电话给她说，‘妈妈，猜猜我在哪里。我在少林寺！’)”可推知，这是Max Ylland在分享自己对中国文化的喜爱，推测划线单词表示“喜爱”，与Affectin意义相近。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“In late 2016, he had the pprtunity t visit the temple in Henan Prvince n a three-mnth exchange. This experience defined his clse relatinship with traditinal Chinese culture. (2016年底，他有机会参观了河南省的寺庙，进行了为期三个月的交流。这段经历决定了他与中国传统文化的密切关系)”可知，参观河南少林寺并进行交流这一经历使得Max Ylland接触中国传统文化，真正与中国传统文化紧密相连。故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“When I was yung, I tld my mther that I wuld g t China t learn kung fu ne day. She didn’t believe it at the time. When I gt there, I immediately called her and said, ‘Mm, guess where I am. I’m at the Shalin Temple!’(我小时候告诉妈妈，有一天我会去中国学习功夫。当时她不相信。当我到了那里，我立刻打电话给她说，‘妈妈，猜猜我在哪里。我在少林寺！’)”、第三段“In late 2016, he had the pprtunity t visit the temple in Henan Prvince n a three-mnth exchange. This experience defined his clse relatinship with traditinal Chinese culture. (2016年底，他有机会参观了河南省的寺庙，进行了为期三个月的交流。这段经历决定了他与中国传统文化的密切关系)”以及第四段“In July 2017, he returned t the Shalin Temple again and remained there fr six years. His years at the temple reading, exercising, practicing kung fu and meditatin greatly changed him, and allwed him t better understand and appreciate traditinal Chinese culture.(2017年7月，他再次回到少林寺，在那里待了六年。他在寺庙读书、锻炼、练习功夫和冥想的岁月极大地改变了他，让他更好地理解和欣赏中国传统文化)”可知，Ylland从小就热爱中国功夫，并一直不断学习中国功夫，由此可推知，Ylland是坚持不懈、有决心的。故选B。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“At the end f 2022, when he cmpleted his studies at the temple, he began wrking at a Shalin cultural center in Zambia. The first f its kind in Africa, the center is hme t 30 rphans (孤儿), wh are taught Chinese language and traditinal Chinese culture, including kung fu, as part f the curse.(2022年底，当他在少林寺完成学业后，他开始在赞比亚的一个少林文化中心工作。该中心是非洲第一个这样的中心，是30名孤儿的家，他们在课程中学习汉语和中国传统文化，包括功夫)”可知，赞比亚的少林文化中心是30名孤儿的家，是一家慈善机构。故选D。
C
Recently, as a jurnalist, I have published many stries abut scial media, privacy and artificial intelligence(AI), amng ther things. S when a chatbt(聊天机器人)tld me that my utput may have influenced its respnses t ther peple’s prmpts(提示), I rushed t wipe my data frm its memry. I quickly discvered, hwever, there is n delete buttn. AI-pwered chatbts, which are trained n datasets including vast numbers f websites and nline articles, never frget what they have learned.
That means chatbts are pssible t let ut sensitive persnal infrmatin, if it has appeared nline, and that the cmpanies behind these AIs will struggle t make gd n “right-t-be-frgtten” regulatins, which frce rganizatins t remve persnal data n request. It als means we are pwerless t stp hackers cntrlling AI utputs by. planting misinfrmatin r ill instructins in training data. All f these explain why many cmputer scientists are busy teaching AIs t frget. While they are finding that it is extremely difficult, “machine unlearning” slutins are beginning t appear. And the wrk culd prve vital beynd addressing cncerns ver privacy and misinfrmatin.
The new generatin f AI-pwered chatbts, which prduce text in respnse t ur prmpts, are supprted by large language mdels. These are trained n muntains f data, mst f which is dwnladed frm the Internet. Frm this, they learn t spt statistical(统计的)patterns, which means they can predict the likeliest next wrd in a sentence, prducing fluent answers t ur every questin.
The truble is the way AI chatbts wrk, which means that when they learn smething, it can’t be frgtten. This creates a significant prblem when it cmes t privacy, as Dr. Zhang made clear in recent research. He highlighted hw difficult it will be fr AI cmpanies t bey the “right t be frgtten”, which the Eurpean Unin declared in 2014.
28. What causes chatbts t stre what they have learned frever?
A. Their strage f training data.B. Their users’ prmpt.
C. Strng review ability.D. Lack f a delete buttn.
29. Why d many cmputer scientists try t teach AI t frget?
A. T cpy human cmpletely.B. T stre limited infrmatin.
C. T update regularly.D. T reduce security risks.
30. What can we knw abut the chatbts frm paragraph 3?
A. They can answer each questin crrectly.
B. They learn frm the designers’ limited data.
C. They make respnse based n the prmpts.
D. They can predict language mdels’ future.
31. What prblem did Dr. Zhang highlight fr AI cmpanies?
A. The difficulty in fllwing the “right t be frgtten”.
B. The lack f technlgical advancements in AI.
C. The ppsitin frm the Eurpean Unin.
D. The cncerns f privacy.
【答案】28. A 29. D 30. C 31. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了人工智能出现给人们带来便利的同时，给用户的隐私泄露也增加了一定的风险和隐患。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“AI-pwered chatbts, which are trained n datasets including vast numbers f websites and nline articles, never frget what they have learned.”(聊天机器人是基于大量网站和在线文章的数据集进行训练的，这种训练方式导致它们永远记住所学内容。)可知，训练数据的存储导致聊天机器人永远存储它们学到的东西。故选A。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“That means chatbts are pssible t let ut sensitive persnal infrmatin, if it has appeared nline, and that the cmpanies behind these AIs will struggle t make gd n “right-t-be-frgtten” regulatins, which frce rganizatins t remve persnal data n request. It als means we are pwerless t stp hackers cntrlling AI utputs by planting misinfrmatin r ill instructins in training data.”(这意味着聊天机器人有可能泄露敏感的个人信息，如果这些信息已经出现在网上，而这些人工智能背后的公司将难以履行“被遗忘权”的规定，这些规定迫使组织根据要求删除个人数据。这也意味着我们无力阻止黑客通过在训练数据中植入错误信息或错误指令来控制人工智能的输出。)可知，可知，科学家们试图教AI忘记是为了减少安全风险。故选D。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The new generatin f AI-pwered chatbts, which prduce text in respnse t ur prmpts, are supprted by large language mdels.”(新一代的人工智能聊天机器人，根据我们的提示生成文本，由大型语言模型支持。)可知，他们根据提示做出回应。故选C。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“He highlighted hw difficult it will be fr AI cmpanies t bey the “right t be frgtten”, which the Eurpean Unin declared in 2014.”(他强调，人工智能公司要遵守欧盟(Eurpean Unin)在2014年宣布的“被遗忘权”(right t be frgtten)是多么困难。)可知，张博士对人工智能公司强调了遵循“被遗忘权”的困难。故选A。
D
Tday we are facing a glbal water crisis: The UN annunced five billin peple will face water shrtages by 2050. The Wrld Resurces Institute stated that almst half f the wrld's ppulatin is facing high water stress fr at least ne mnth a year. With the impacts f climate change wrsening water shrtages, harvesting water frm air vapur (蒸气) has been highly spken f by sme as a sustainable slutin t glbal freshwater insecurity.
PHANTOR is an innvatin harvesting water frm air vapur. Designed by the Austrian studi DOIT, the 40-ft lng atmspheric water generatr can harvest 10,000 liters f water a day frm ambient humidity — enugh water t supply a residential apartment blck r hspital.
The atmspheric water generatr sucks in water vapur and cndenses (凝结) it int liquid using a cling system pwered by electricity r slar energy. The water passes thrugh carbn and bacterial filters. Being available in tw cmpact sizes, 40-ft and 20-ft shipping cntainers, makes them highly prtable cmpared t ther generatr mdels. This mbility gives them the ptential t reach remte cmmunities, respnd t disasters and serve water-stressed agricultural sites effectively.
Their technlgy was recently shwcased at the GREENTECH FESTIVAL in Singapre, where the cmpany used water frm the generatr t water the lcal gardens. They estimate that in a climate like Singapre's, ne 40-ft unit can prduce 2.8 millin liters per year. This is cmpared t 600,000 liters that can be prduced a year in a climate like Germany's.
Hwever, ne f the main drawbacks f this technlgy is that industrial scale water generatrs require a great deal f energy t perate — arund 70 kW t run ne unit, equal t half a ftball field f slar panels. They als yield substantially higher quantities f water in mre wet envirnments, and are therefre mre r less effective depending n their gegraphic lcatin.
32. What is the purpse f the PHANTOR prgram?
A. T relieve water shrtage.
B. T purify plluted water surces.
C. T help peple in remte areas get water.
D. T help peple reduce their daily cnsumptin.
33. What des paragraph 3 mainly tell us abut PHANTOR?
A. Hw it is designed.B. Hw it respnds effectively.
C. Hw it harvests water.D. Hw it differs frm ther mdels.
34. Why des the authr mentin the PHANTOR in Singapre in paragraph 4?
A. T display different water usage.B. T shw the technlgy ptential.
C. T prve each unit has its advantage.D. T pint ut the generatr's drawbacks.
35. Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr this text?
A. Cuntries facing the pressing issue f lack f water
B. Challenges f water security acrss the wrld
C. Ppularity f the atmspheric water generatr
D. An innvatin harvesting water frm air vapur
【答案】32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了大气水生成器PHANTOR的工作原理、有点和局限性以及在解决全球淡水问题上的潜力。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Tday, we are facing a glbal water crisis: The UN annunced five billin peple will face water shrtages by 2050.”（今天，我们正面临着全球性的水危机:联合国宣布，到2050年，将有50亿人面临水资源短缺。）根据第二段“PHANTOR is an innvatin harvesting water frm air vapur.”（PHANTOR是一种从空气蒸汽中收集水分的创新产品。）可知，PHANTOR计划的目的是缓解缺水。故选A项。
【33题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“The atmspheric water generatr sucks in water vapur and cndenses（凝结）it int liquid using a cling system pwered by electricity r slar energy. The water passes thrugh carbn and bacterial filters. Being available in tw cmpact sizes, 40-ft and 20-ft shipping cntainers, makes them highly prtable cmpared t ther generatr mdels.”（大气水发生器利用电力或太阳能驱动的冷却系统吸收水蒸气并将其凝结成液体。水通过碳和细菌过滤器。有两种紧凑的尺寸，40英尺和20英尺的集装箱，使它们与其他发电机模型相比非常便携。）可知，第三段主要关于PHANTOR它是如何收获水分的。故选C项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Their technlgy was recently shwcased at the GREENTECH FESTIVAL in Singapre, where the cmpany used water frm the generatr t water the lcal gardens. They estimate that in a climate like Singapre's, ne 40-ft unit can prduce 2.8 millin liters per year. This is cmpared t 600,000 liters that can be prduced a year in a climate like Germany's. ”（他们的技术最近在新加坡的绿色科技节上展出，该公司利用发电机的水浇灌当地的花园。他们估计，在新加坡这样的气候条件下，一个40英尺的装置每年可以生产280万升。相比之下，在德国这样的气候条件下，每年可以生产60万升葡萄酒。）可知，在第4段提到新加坡的PHANTOR的目的是展示技术潜力。故选B。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文以及第二段“PHANTOR is an innvatin harvesting water frm air vapur. Designed by the Austrian studi DOIT, the 40-ft lng atmspheric water generatr can harvest 10,000 liters f water a day frm ambient humidity—enugh water t supply a residential apartment blck r hspital.”（PHANTOR是一种从空气蒸汽中收集水分的创新产品。这个由奥地利DOIT工作室设计的40英尺长的大气水发生器，每天可以从周围的湿度中收集1万升水，足够供一个住宅公寓楼或医院使用。）可知，短文介绍了大气水生成器PHANTOR的工作原理、有点和局限性以及在解决全球淡水问题上的潜力。所以标题为“一项从水蒸气中收集水分的创新”切题。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
These days, almst everyne has a camera n them via their phne. It’s true that there’s n substitute (代替物) fr a prfessinal camera when it cmes t quality, but with a few simple steps, yu can capture sme pretty amazing shts with yur smartphne t. ____36____ Here are sme tips t help yu take yur smartphne phtgraphy t the next level.
Take multiple shts. One f the best things abut smartphne phtgraphy is that yu can take as many phts as yu want and there is n need t print them ff t see the results. ____37____ Burst phts (连拍照片) are gd t use when yur subject mves. Once yu’ve taken a set f burst phts, yu can then select the best shts.
____38____ Very few smartphnes can prduce excellent indr shts due t their small sensrs. Therefre, it’s best t take phts utdrs in the prper lighting cnditins t get better results. Lighting determines nt nly brightness and darkness, but als md, tne and the atmsphere f the pht.
Use HDR mde. ____39____ It adds detail frm the dark and light areas t prvide better balanced expsure. In ther wrds, it will stp the sky being t bright r the grund being t dark and really suits landscape phtgraphy. If there’s a big difference between the lightest and darkest parts f yur scene, using the HDR functin is a gd ptin.
Edit yur phts. The editing tls r sme apps n yur phne can help yu adjust the clr, brightness and mre. After being edited, yur phts will lk significantly better. ____40____
Finally, if yu want t knw hw t take a prfessinal pht with yur phne, the best tip f all is t practice!
A. Use natural light.
B. Are yu ready t learn hw?
C. And yu’ll definitely be prud f yur phts.
D. Why can’t we take gd phts with smartphnes?
E. This mde is increasingly cmmn n many smartphnes.
F. This makes it much easier t learn and imprve frm yur results.
G. Try different mdes n yur phnes t find the prper lighting cnditin.
【答案】36. B 37. F 38. A 39. E 40. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些智能手机摄影技巧。
【36题详解】
根据上文“These days, almst everyne has a camera n them via their phne. It’s true that there’s n substitute (代替物) fr a prfessinal camera when it cmes t quality, but with a few simple steps, yu can capture sme pretty amazing shts with yur smartphne t.(如今，几乎每个人的手机上都有摄像头。的确，就质量而言，没有什么可以替代专业相机，但只需几个简单的步骤，你也可以用智能手机拍出一些非常惊人的照片)”以及后文“Here are sme tips t help yu take yur smartphne phtgraphy t the next level.(这里有一些技巧可以帮助你把你的智能手机摄影提升到一个新的水平)”可知，本句为过渡句，通过设问承上启下，说明学习摄影技巧。故B选项“你准备好学习了吗？”符合语境，故选B。
【37题详解】
根据上文“Take multiple shts. One f the best things abut smartphne phtgraphy is that yu can take as many phts as yu want and there is n need t print them ff t see the results.(多拍几张。智能手机拍照最棒的一点是，你可以想拍多少就拍多少，而且不需要打印出来看结果)”可知，本句承接上文，总结智能手机不需用打印出来看结果的好处。故F选项“这使你更容易从结果中学习和提高”符合语境，故选F。
【38题详解】
根据后文“Very few smartphnes can prduce excellent indr shts due t their small sensrs. Therefre, it’s best t take phts utdrs in the prper lighting cnditins t get better results. Lighting determines nt nly brightness and darkness, but als md, tne and the atmsphere f the pht.(由于传感器小，很少有智能手机能拍出出色的室内照片。因此，最好在户外适当的光线条件下拍摄，以获得更好的效果。灯光不仅决定了明暗，还决定了照片的情绪、色调和氛围)”可知，后文提到最好在户外适当的光线条件下拍摄，户外即强调使用自然光。故A选项“使用自然光”符合语境，故选A。
【39题详解】
根据上文“Use HDR mde.(使用HDR模式)”以及后文“It adds detail frm the dark and light areas t prvide better balanced expsure. In ther wrds, it will stp the sky being t bright r the grund being t dark and really suits landscape phtgraphy. If there’s a big difference between the lightest and darkest parts f yur scene, using the HDR functin is a gd ptin.(它增加了黑暗和光明区域的细节，以提供更好的平衡曝光。换句话说，它会阻止天空太亮或地面太暗，非常适合风景摄影。如果你的场景中最亮和最暗的部分之间有很大的差异，使用HDR功能是一个不错的选择)”可知，本句承接上文，继续介绍HDR模式的特点。故E选项“这种模式在许多智能手机上越来越普遍”符合语境，故选E。
【40题详解】
根据上文“Edit yur phts. The editing tls r sme apps n yur phne can help yu adjust the clr, brightness and mre. After being edited, yur phts will lk significantly better.(编辑你的照片。手机上的编辑工具或一些应用程序可以帮助你调整颜色、亮度等。经过编辑后，你的照片看起来会好很多)”可知，上文提到了编辑过的照片看起来好很多，本句为本段最后一句，推测说明对照片的感受。故C选项“你一定会为你的照片感到骄傲的”符合语境，故选C。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Mary develped undulant fever at the age f 4. The disease can cause temprary paralysis (瘫痪). ____41____, Mary was left unable t walk fr sme time. She is nw 92 years ld and ges t the ____42____ twice a week. She even drives there by herself t take exercise, but if yu lk back at her life yu’d never ____43____ her t end up with this type f life.
Undulant fever is rare nwadays but it was cmmn in the past due t milk ____44____. Milk was ften cntaminated (受污染的) and ____45____ a lt f bacteria (细菌). When Mary ____46____ frm the fever, her bdy had frgtten hw t walk. ____47____, she had t teach herself t walk again.
One day when her family had gne t wrk Mary was left at hme. She decided t ____48____ her mther when she returned. Mary ____49____ all day again and again. When her mther returned, Mary surprised her by shwing ff her new ____50____ t walk. A shrt distance as it was, her mther was extremely ____51____.
Since then Mary’s family has shwed mre ____52____ than lve t her fr her determinatin. Nw she still can’t walk easily withut help, but she never gives up. She ____53____ ging because f her philsphy — “If I give up, I wn’t get up again”. Her family are blessed t have such a (n) ____54____ wman as an inspiratin fr their lives. She wn’t be with them fr the rest f their lives, but she will cntinue t inspire them until her time cmes. I hpe everybdy can ____55____ the gift f walking, which we take fr granted, as much as Mary.
41. A. SuddenlyB. UnusuallyC. AccidentallyD. Unfrtunately
42. A. clinicB. restaurantC. churchD. gym
43. A. persuadeB. recmmendC. expectD. allw
44. A. pllutinB. shrtageC. prmtinD. price
45. A. keptB. cntainedC. prducedD. sught
46. A. escapedB. retiredC. recveredD. returned
47. A. InsteadB. TherefreC. OtherwiseD. Hwever
48. A. askB. fllwC. surpriseD. remind
49. A. jumpedB. ranC. sangD. practiced
50. A. abilityB. energyC. ptentialD. knwledge
51. A. annyedB. disappintedC. excitedD. frightened
52. A. respectB. anxietyC. interestD. wisdm
53. A. frgetsB. keepsC. stpsD. avids
54. A. hnestB. selflessC. curageusD. generus
55. A. imagineB. describeC. purchaseD. appreciate
【答案】41. D 42. D 43. C 44. A 45. B 46. C 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. C 52. A 53. B 54. C 55. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了玛丽四岁时患了波状热，导致暂时性瘫痪，无法行走。但是玛丽没有放弃，她通过练习重新得到了走路的能力，赢得了家人的尊重，也激励着他人。
【41题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，玛丽有一段时间不能走路了。A. Suddenly突然；B. Unusually非常；C. Accidentally意外地；D. Unfrtunately不幸地。根据后文“Mary was left unable t walk fr sme time.”可知，玛丽无法走路，是不幸地。故选D。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她现在92岁了，每周去两次健身房。A. clinic诊所；B. restaurant餐厅；C. church教堂；D. gym健身房。根据后文“She even drives there by herself t take exercise”可知，经常去健身房锻炼。故选D。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她甚至自己开车去那里锻炼，但是如果你回顾她的生活，你永远不会想到她会以这种生活结束。A. persuade说服；B. recmmend推荐；C. expect预料；D. allw允许。根据后文“her t end up with this type f life”可知，玛丽如今身体健康，但是曾经她无法行走，所以无法预料到会这样健康地结束她的生活。故选C。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：波状热现在很少见，但过去由于牛奶污染很常见。A. pllutin污染；B. shrtage缺乏；C. prmtin升职；D. price价格。根据后文“Milk was ften cntaminated”可知，牛奶经常被污染并且含有很多细菌，即牛奶被污染了。故选A。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：牛奶经常被污染并且含有很多细菌。A. kept保持；B. cntained包含；C. prduced产生；D. sught寻找。根据上文“Milk was ften cntaminated”可知，牛奶经常被污染并且含有很多细菌。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当玛丽从发烧中恢复过来时，她的身体已经忘记了如何走路。A. escaped逃走；B. retired退休；C. recvered恢复；D. returned返回。根据后文“frm the fever, her bdy had frgtten hw t walk”指玛丽从发烧中恢复过来，但是忘记了如何走路。故选C。
【47题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，她不得不重新自学走路。A. Instead相反；B. Therefre因此；C. Otherwise否则；D. Hwever然而。上文“her bdy had frgtten hw t walk”提到身体已经忘记了如何走路，与后文学习走路为因果关系，应用therefre。故选B。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她决定回来时给母亲一个惊喜。A. ask询问；B. fllw跟随；C. surprise给……惊喜；D. remind提醒。根据后文“Mary surprised her”可知，玛丽决定给母亲一个惊喜。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：玛丽整天一遍又一遍地练习。A. jumped跳跃；B. ran奔跑；C. sang唱歌；D. practiced练习。根据上文“she had t teach herself t walk again.”以及后文拥有了走路的能力，推测她为此做了很多练习。故选D。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她母亲回来时，玛丽炫耀她的新走路能力，使她感到惊讶。A. ability能力；B. energy能量；C. ptential潜能；D. knwledge知识。根据后文“A shrt distance as it was”可知，玛丽拥有了走路的能力，虽然距离很短，故选A。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然距离很近，但她的母亲非常兴奋。A. annyed生气的；B. disappinted失望的；C. excited激动的；D. frightened害怕的。根据上文“A shrt distance as it was, her mther was extremely”为as引导让步状语从句，表示转折关系，说明虽然距离很近，但她的母亲非常兴奋。故选C。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，玛丽的家人对她的尊重多于对她的爱。A. respect尊重；B. anxiety焦虑；C. interest兴趣；D. wisdm智慧。根据上文“Mary’s family has shwed mre”以及玛丽凭借自己拥有了走路的能力，赢得了家人的尊重。故选A。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她坚持下去是因为她的哲学——“如果我放弃了，我就不会再站起来了”。A. frgets忘记；B. keeps保持；C. stps停止；D. avids避免。根据后文“If I give up, I wn’t get up again”可知，玛丽拥有坚持下去的品质。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的家人很幸运，有这样一个勇敢的女人激励着他们的生活。A. hnest诚实的；B. selfless无私的；C. curageus勇敢的；D. generus慷慨的。根据后文“as an inspiratin fr their lives”可知，玛丽凭借自己拥有了走路的能力，激励着家人，是一个勇敢的女人。故选C。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望每个人都能像玛丽一样感激走路的天赋，而不要当做是理所当然的。A. imagine想象；B. describe描述；C. purchase购买；D. appreciate感激。根据后文“the gift f walking, which we take fr granted, as much as Mary”可知，作者建议要像玛丽一样感激走路的能力，不要当做理所当然。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China’s first natinal museum dedicated t scientists will pen its drs in Beijing n Thursday. It aims t shwcase ____56____ (significance) achievements f Chinese scientists and prmte the spirit f scientific explratin.
One f the museum’s six pening ____57____ (exhibitin) is Return — Exhibitin f US-educated Scientists Returning t China in the 1950s, which tells the stries f utstanding scientists ____58____ returned t China frm the United States after the funding f the Peple’s Republic f China.
The exhibitin features 17 US-ducated scientists, including Liang Sili, Qian Xuesen, Deng Jiaxian and Shen Shanjing. The museum als features exhibitins f senir scientists’ ____59____ (academy) materials, a cmmemratin (纪念活动) f the centenary f Deng’s birth, an explratin f Qian’s mtivatins ____60____ a lk at engineering culture thrugh industrial heritage.
“Many aspects f ur life were created by the lder generatin ____61____ scientists. We live in a peaceful era (年代), and we did nt experience the histry, s we need t understand their stries thrugh exhibitins and histry,” said Wang Fei, a guide frm the Qian Xuesen Library.
Thrugh repeatedly ____62____ (tell) the stries f the utstanding scientists, Wang said she felt frtunate ____63____ (live) in such an era. She als emphasized ____64____ imprtance f intrducing the spirit f scientists t the public thrugh exhibitins, _____65_____ (especial) hping t sw a seed f patritism (爱国主义) in the hearts f children.
【答案】56. significant
57. exhibitins
58. wh##that
59. academic
60. and 61. f
62. telling
63. t live
64. the 65. especially
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述北京即将开放的科学家博物馆及其展览，强调科学家精神与爱国情怀的传承。
【56题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它旨在展示中国科学家的重要成就，并弘扬科学探索的精神。本空修饰名词“achievements”，需要用significance的形容词significant意为“重要的”，作前置定语。故填significant。
【57题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：博物馆六个开幕展览之一是“归来——1950年代从美国归国科学家展览”，它讲述了中华人民共和国成立后从美国回到中国的杰出科学家的故事。根据“six pening”可知，表示六个开幕展览，需要使用“exhibitin”的复数形式。故填exhibitins。
【58题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：博物馆六个开幕展览之一是“归来——1950年代从美国归国科学家展览”，它讲述了中华人民共和国成立后从美国回到中国的杰出科学家的故事。本空引导定语从句，先行词是“utstanding scientists”，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词wh或者that引导。故填wh/that。
【59题详解】
考查形容词。句意：该博物馆还展出了资深科学家的学术资料，纪念邓小平诞辰一百周年的活动，探讨钱学森的动机，以及通过工业遗产审视工程文化。本空修饰名词“materials”，需要用academy的形容词academic意为“学术的”，作前置定语。故填academic。
【60题详解】
考查连词。句意：该博物馆还展出了资深科学家的学术资料，纪念邓小平诞辰一百周年的活动，探讨钱学森的动机，以及通过工业遗产审视工程文化。根据句子结构，空处需要连词来连接并列的部分，作并列宾语。故填and。
【61题详解】
考查介词。句意：我们生活的许多方面都是由老一辈科学家创造的。根据“the lder generatin”和“scientists”，本空需要介词f来连接两部分，表示所属关系。故填f。
【62题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：王菲说，通过反复讲述杰出科学家的故事，她感到很幸运能生活在这样一个时代。介词thrugh后用动词tell的动名词telling，作宾语。故填telling。
【63题详解】
考查不定式。句意：王菲说，通过反复讲述杰出科学家的故事，她感到很幸运能生活在这样一个时代。根据“felt frtunate”可知，空处需要用不定式来表达原因。故填t live。
【64题详解】
考查冠词。句意：她还强调了通过展览向公众介绍科学家精神的重要性，特别是希望在孩子们心中播下爱国主义的种子。本空修饰名词“imprtance f intrducing the spirit f scientists”，应用定冠词the，表特指。故填the。
【65题详解】
考查副词。句意：她还强调了通过展览向公众介绍科学家精神的重要性，特别是希望在孩子们心中播下爱国主义的种子。空处修饰动词hping，应用especial的副词形式especially，表示程度。故填especially。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66. 假定你是李华，你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请你以“一次难忘的劳动经历”为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：1．简述经历；2．你的收获。
注意：
1．写作词数应80个左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
An Unfrgettable Labr Experience
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文：
An Unfrgettable Labr Experience
Last summer, I vlunteered at a lcal cmmunity garden, which turned ut t be an unfrgettable experience.
Each day at the garden presented new challenges and rewards. Frm pulling weeds t planting seeds, every task required diligence and dedicatin. One particularly memrable mment was when we harvested ur first crp f tmates. As we gathered arund the garden beds, ur faces beaming with pride, I realized the prfund impact f ur cllective effrts-we had transfrmed barren sil int a rich harvest.
This experience left a lasting mark n my mind. Nt nly did it prvide me with practical skills and knwledge, but it als filled me with gratitude fr the pprtunity t be part f a cmmunity dedicated t making the wrld a greener place.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给以“一次难忘的劳动经历”为题，写一篇短文参加你校正在组织英语作文比赛。内容包括：简述经历和你的收获。
【详解】1.词汇积累
难忘的：unfrgettable→memrable
影响： impact→influence
感激：gratitude→ appreciatin
机会：pprtunity→chance
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句： This experience left a lasting mark n my mind.
拓展句：It is bvius that this experience left a lasting mark n my mind.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Last summer, I vlunteered at a lcal cmmunity garden, which turned ut t be an unfrgettable experience.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】One particularly memrable mment was when we harvested ur first crp f tmates. （运用了when引导的表语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My nine-year-ld daughter, Jessica, is a friendly sul. Frm the time she was tiny, she wuld march right up t strangers n the street and say, “Hell!” Her brwn eyes wuld twinkle, and she’d be shwing a big smile n her face. I wish she weren’t s scial. Nt nly because she is yung and female, but als because she has a disability: She has a cgnitive (认知的) disability, with a weakened brain disrder and abnrmal behavir. That’s why I’ve dne my best t cntrl my nervusness. Children with a weakened brain disrder dn’t relate well t thers, and I dn’t want t discurage her attempts. I wrry, thugh, that peple will be cld t her r be cruel t her, r that she will trust the wrng persn.
Happily, in ur small twn, when Jessica strikes up a cnversatin with smene, that persn almst always respnds kindly t her. She never expects t be refused, but I am always tense and ready t cllect the pieces if it happens. “What’s yur name?” she asks ttal strangers. “D yu have a dg? Hw ld are yu?” It always surprises me that peple patiently answer her queries. They must sense smething abut Jessica, as she’s a little bit different. They never seem t expect me t stp her, althugh I’ve tried.
“We dn’t ask adults that,” I say. “That’s a rude questin, sweetie.” She asks anyway, and peple tell her. When she is dne with her questin, she will turn t me and say, “We knw Michelle nw,” r “That is Mrs. Crawfrd.” She mves them easily frm ne categry t anther: peple we dn’t knw r peple we d knw. Strangers are merely peple she hasn’t yet asked fr their names. I’m less sure that finding ut their names means we knw them. It’s a small but easy-ging twn, and I dn’t wrry t much abut it. She desn’t g arund withut supervisin (监督) r share anything t persnal. Talking t strangers in ur small twn is nrmal.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I thught in New Yrk City, which we visited last year, it was anther thing.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I culdn’t explain the difference between small twns and big cities because everyne was s kind.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文：
I thught in New Yrk City, which we visited last year, it was anther thing. I wasn’t surprised t hear her saying “hell” t every single persn we saw as we walked alng the streets f midtwn Manhattan, but I certainly wasn’t cmfrtable. On the first day, I decided nt t try t stp her. “This will be a gd lessn fr her. Peple may just ignre her — these are New Yrkers, after all,” I thught. And then when we gt back t the htel, she and I talked abut the difference between peple in big cities and small twns. And maybe she wuld learn nt t talk t strangers.
I culdn’t explain the difference between small twns and big cities because everyne was s kind. Every single persn she said “hell” t said “hell” right back — the busy businessmen, the turists with their cameras at the ready r the drmen standing at attentin in their unifrms. She even said “hell” t the hmeless peple. I felt smething inside me weaken: a wall, perhaps, I never even knew I had built. Because I expected peple t be indifferent t me, r t be judgmental, I never expected kindness, nt like Jessica, wh always des.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的女儿杰西卡总是对人友善，作者担心人们会对她冷淡或残忍，或者她会信任错误的人。作者回想起他们去年去纽约的时候，杰西卡和路人打招呼，通过和女儿讨论大城市和小城镇居民的不同之处，作者明白了对人友好不是一种坏事，只是自己不期待别人对自己友善。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我想在我们去年去过的纽约，那是另一回事”可知，第一段可描写作者和女儿在纽约的见闻和作者和女儿讨论大城市和小城镇居民的不同之处。
②由第二段首句内容“我无法解释小城镇和大城市之间的区别，因为每个人都很友善”可知，第二段可描写作者开始明白女儿的友善不是一种坏事。
2.续写线索：去纽约——女儿和街上的人打招呼——作者想给女儿一个教训——回到酒店讨论不同之处——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①忽视：ignre/neglect
②返回：get back t/return t
③预料：expect/anticipate
情绪类
①惊讶：surprised/astnished
②善良：kindness/gd-deed
【点睛】[高分句型1] I wasn’t surprised t hear her saying “hell” t every single persn we saw as we walked alng the streets f midtwn Manhattan, but I certainly wasn’t cmfrtable. (运用了as引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] Because I expected peple t be indifferent t me, r t be judgmental, I never expected kindness, nt like Jessica, wh always des. (运用了because引导原因状语从句和wh引导非限制性定语从句)
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
At what time was the fire put ut?
A. Tw ’clck.B. Fur ’clck.C. Five ’clck.
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】W: I heard the fire brke ut at tw in the mrning.
M: That’s right. And the fireman culdn’t put it ut until five ’clck.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What’s the weather like nw?
A. Snwy.
B. Rainy.
C. Sunny.
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】M: It’s raining again. The weather reprt says it’s ging t snw tnight. I dn’t like this kind f weather.
W: But it’s ging t be sunny this weekend.
【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Whse car des Jenny have nw?
A. Her father’s car.B. Her mther’s car.C. Her wn car.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Ww, Jenny. I heard yu gt a new car.
W: Ha-ha, n! I haven’t picked mine up yet. My mther drve my dad t wrk, s I have his car fr tday.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. At an airprt.B. In a factry.C. In a classrm.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: Dn’t frget t study fr the test n Thursday.
M: Excuse me, Mrs. Simn, but yesterday yu said the test wuld be n Mnday.
W: Oh, yes. Yu’re right. Thank yu fr crrecting me.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Hw will the speakers prbably g hme?
A. By bus.B. By taxi.C. By subway.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: This is the mst wnderful party I have ever visited. Ww, it’s almst 12 ’clck. Hw can we get hme? It’s s late and the buses and subways have all stpped running.
W: It lks as thugh we have n chice but t call a taxi.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What des the man invite the wman t d this Saturday?
A. Have lunch.B. D sme shpping.C. G t a gallery pening.
7. What des the wman want t knw at the end?
A. What t wear.
B. Hw t get the destinatin.
C. When t cme back.
【答案】6. C 7. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Dnna, there’s a gallery pening n Saturday. I wnder if yu’d like t g with me.
W: I’d lve t. But I have t g t the supermarket with my mm n Saturday afternn.
M: I’ll pick yu up at 9:00 and take yu hme by nn. Hw’s that?
W: That sunds fine. I’ve never been t a gallery pening befre. What’s it like?
M: All yu have t d is t stand arund, lk at the art, drink sme wine, and eat tiny sandwiches. Maybe we’ll cme acrss sme famus peple.
W: Well, what shuld I wear?
M: Peple will be pretty dressed up, but dn’t wrry. Yu will be fine in this dress.
W: OK.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What is wrng with Kathy?
A. She is upset because she failed the exam.
B. She is wrried abut her classmate Dn.
C. She can’t get n well with her father.
9. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. Midterm exams.B. Schl educatin.C. Pressure frm parents.
【答案】8. B 9. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Kathy, yu’ve been a little quiet since yu came in. Is anything wrng?
W: Oh, I’ve just been thinking abut my classmate Dn.
M: What’s the matter?
W: He failed the midterm exams, and decided t drp ut f schl. But his father expected t see his gd grades.
M: I see. S he culdn’t deal with the pressure?
W: Right. His father expected nthing but high marks. Dn had tried his best.
M: I think it’s wrng fr parents t pressure their children like that.
W: I agree. Dn said that his father never stpped adding the pressure.
M: It makes things wrse.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. What d we knw abut the man?
A. He gt a raise.
B. He just gt a new jb.
C. He mved int a new huse.
11. What kind f TV set des the wman suggest?
A. A small ne.B. A big ne.C. A cheap ne.
12. Why des the wman give the man such a suggestin?
A. Prices will g up sn.
B. New prducts cme ut every year.
C. His living rm isn’t very big.
【答案】10. C 11. A 12. C
【解析】
【详解】M: We’ve just mved int a new huse.
W: Really? Cngratulatins!
M: Thank yu. I think we want t buy a new televisin set.
W: What kind f televisin d yu want t buy?
M: A clr TV set, f curse, but I’m nt sure abut the size. Maybe we shuld buy a big ne. If we buy a small ne, we might have t exchange it in a few years fr a bigger ne. That wuld be a waste f mney. What’s yur pinin?
W: In my pinin, I dn’t think it’s necessary t buy a very big ne.
M: Any particular reasns?
W: Yes. As far as I knw, yur living rm isn’t very big. If yu put a very big televisin there, it will be bad fr yur eyes. Besides, a small TV set can still pick up the same prgrams.
M: Hmm, that’s quite true. I’ll think it ver again.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. Where is the meat shelf?
A. In the back f the stre.
B. T the left f the speaker.
C. On the ther side frm the bakery.
14. Hw ften des the man g t the supermarket?
A. Once a week.B. Once a mnth.C. Once a frtnight,
15. What des the wman ffer t d fr the man?
A. Find sme ranges fr him.
B. Help rganize the lcatins.
C. Reprt his pinin with her manager.
16. What is the man likely t buy?
A. Sap.B. Bread.C. Prk.
【答案】13. A 14. B 15. C 16. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Excuse me, sir. Yu lk like yu’re lking fr smething. Can I help yu?
M: Yes. The way is really different frm usual.
W: Yes, we made sme changes. Fr example, the meat shelf used t be n the ther side f the stre, but nw the meat sectin is in the back f the stre.
M: N wnder. I cme here nce a mnth.
W: What d yu think the way it lks?
M: Well, t be hnest, it’s nt as easy fr me t find the things I need. I like the ld way better.
W: Well, I’ll keep it in mind and bring it up with my manager. Is there anything I culd help yu find?
M: I really need smething fr the bathrm. Where wuld I find thse?
W: On gds shelf fur.
M: Great! I’m als lking fr sme ranges, but I can see the fruits just t the left ver there. I’ll let yu knw if I need any mre help.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. Wh is the bk fr?
A. Yung children.B. Parents.C. Teachers.
18. What happens t Vanessa n her first day in schl?
A. She is badly treated by anther child.
B. She plays prly in the games.
C. She spends her time alne.
19. Hw des Vanessa’s classmate help her?
A. By walking tgether with her.
B. By inviting her fr dinner.
C. By telling her what t d.
20. What might the speaker be ding?
A. Reading her new picture bk.
B. Hsting a radi prgram.
C. Giving a class.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Gd evening, everyne. In tnight’s Bk Time, I’d like t intrduce ne f the best children’s bks. The bk is I Walk With Vanessa. This wnderful wrdless picture bk is fr little nes aged 5 t 10 years ld. It tells the stry f a new girl in schl, Vanessa. The new girl spends her first day in schl all by herself. She des nt jin in the games, neither des she take part in the classrm activities. As sn as schl is ver, she leaves quickly. On her way hme, she is badly treated by anther child. A girl in her class sees this incident. That girl spends the entire evening thinking abut what she saw, and what she can d t help. In the mrning f the next day, she has an idea. She ges t Vanessa’s hme and walks with her t schl. Friends jin the walk, and sn the entire schl is walking with Vanessa. This wnderful picture bk teaches children what t d if they see smene badly treated by thers. And it als teaches children that a simple act f kindness can really help. Thank yu fr listening t ur prgramme.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Every year, millins f peple watch tennis games t celebrate the spirit f tennis. Here are fur majr tennis events, which are als knwn as the Grand Slam turnaments (大满贯赛事), helping yu knw the sprt better.
The US Open
The US Open, the furth Grand Slam f the tennis year, has its rts in 1881. It is held at the USTA Billie Jean King Natinal Tennis Center in New Yrk, usually between late August and early September. Played n hard curts, the US Open is knwn fr its hard playing surface, which rewards pwerful serves and aggressive play.
The French Open
The French Open, als knwn as the Rland-Garrs turnament, dating back t 1891. It is held annually at the Stade Rland-Garrs in Paris, typically between late May and early June. The turnament is played n clay curts (红土网球场), which are knwn fr slw pace and high bunce, favring players with strng baseline play and gd sliding perfrmance.
The Australian Open
The Australian Open r the AO, the calendar year’s first Grand Slam, began in 1905. It has evlved int a majr event in prfessinal tennis playing, held annually in Melburne, in January. Played n hard curts, the AO is famus fr its ht and ften windy cnditins, which test players’ adaptability and endurance (忍耐力).
The Champinships, Wimbledn
Knwn fr the grass curts, it has been held since 1877 in Wimbledn, Lndn, which is als celebrated fr its fast play and the strict traditin f wearing all-white attire (服装). The turnament takes place annually in late June and early July. Its unique seeding system and the high hnur assciated with winning the title make it ne f the prizes each wants in tennis.
21. What d the US Open and the Australian Open have in cmmn?
A. The type f the curt is the same.B. The slw-paced players benefit mre.
C. The rigin dates frm the 1900s.D. The game is unaffected by the weather.
22. Which cmpetitin site features the red dirt?
A. The US Open.B. The French Open.
C. The Australian Open.D. The Champinships, Wimbledn.
23. What is special abut the Champinships, Wimbledn?
A. It allws participants t wear clurful clthing.
B. It ffers the playing field with grass as a highlight.
C. It is regarded as the hardest ne in the tennis wrld.
D. It runs as the last ne in the yearly Grand Slam games.
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四大网球大满贯赛事：美国网球公开赛、法国网球公开赛、澳大利亚网球公开赛和温布尔登网球锦标赛。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据The US Open部分中“Played n hard curts, the US Open is knwn fr its hard playing surface, which rewards pwerful serves and aggressive play. (美国网球公开赛在硬地球场举行，以其硬地场地而闻名，这有利于有力的发球和积极的比赛)”和The Australian Open部分中“Played n hard curts, the AO is famus fr its ht and ften windy cnditins, which test players’ adaptability and endurance (忍耐力).(澳网在硬地球场进行比赛，以炎热和经常刮风的天气而闻名，这是对球员适应能力和耐力的考验)”可知，美国网球公开赛和澳大利亚网球公开赛的共同点是它们都是在硬地球场上进行的。故选A项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据The French Open部分中“The turnament is played n clay curts (红土网球场), which are knwn fr slw pace and high bunce, favring players with strng baseline play and gd sliding perfrmance.(比赛在红土球场进行，红土球场以慢节奏和高弹跳而闻名，有利于底线击球有力和滑球表现良好的球员)”可知，法国网球公开赛的场地是红土网球场。故选B项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据The Champinships, Wimbledn部分中“Knwn fr the grass curts, it has been held since 1877 in Wimbledn, Lndn, which is als celebrated fr its fast play and the strict traditin f wearing all-white attire (服装). (这项赛事以草地球场而闻名，自1877年以来一直在伦敦温布尔登举行，温布尔登也以其快速的比赛和身穿全白服装的严格传统而闻名)”可知，提供草地场地是温布尔登网球锦标赛的特色。故选B项。
B
“When I was yung, I tld my mther that I wuld g t China t learn kung fu ne day. She didn’t believe it at the time. When I gt there, I immediately called her and said, ‘Mm, guess where I am. I’m at the Shalin Temple!’,” says Max Ylland, a yung man frm Cted’Ivire, sharing his attachment fr Chinese culture.
Ylland is als knwn as Yanming the Chinese name he was given by his teacher at the Shalin Temple, where the “Shalin kung fu” was brn, and which tday is like a magnet (磁铁) fr fans frm all ver the wrld.
At the time, Ylland was a student at the Felix Huphuet-Bigny University in Abidjan. Mtivated by his passin fr Chinese culture, he signed up at the Cnfucius Institute t study Chinese. In late 2016, he had the pprtunity t visit the temple in Henan Prvince n a three-mnth exchange. This experience defined his clse relatinship with traditinal Chinese culture.
After returning t Cte d’Ivire, Ylland cntinued t practice Chinese and study traditinal Chinese culture. In July 2017, he returned t the Shalin Temple again and remained there fr six years. His years at the temple reading, exercising, practicing kung fu and meditatin (冥想) greatly changed him, and allwed him t better understand and appreciate traditinal Chinese culture.
He says the mst impressive things he nticed that rted in Chinese culture are the lve f wrk, respect and recgnitin. At the end f 2022, when he cmpleted his studies at the temple, he began wrking at a Shalin cultural center in Zambia. The first f its kind in Africa, the center is hme t 30 rphans (孤儿), wh are taught Chinese language and traditinal Chinese culture, including kung fu, as part f the curse.
Fr Ylland, the purpse f studying Chinese culture was t be able t return t Africa t intrduce Chinese values t his cmpatrits (同胞). “The culture fascinated me because in China, peple make an effrt t wrk better, and they are very respectful and grateful t their family and cuntry,” he says.
24. Which can replace the underlined wrd “attachment” in paragraph 1?
A. Cnfusin.B. Disappintment.C. Affectin.D. Investigatin.
25. What made Ylland truly related t traditinal Chinese culture?
A. Learning Chinese at the Cnfucius Institute.
B. Visiting the Shalin Temple in Henan Prvince.
C. Reading traditinal Chinese culture bks.
D. Wrking at a Shalin cultural center.
26. Which f the fllwing can best describe Ylland?
A. Brave.B. Determined.C. Humrus.D. Organized.
27. What can we learn abut the Shalin cultural center in Zambia?
A. Its curses are all abut Chinese culture.B. It was funded by the Shalin Temple.
C. It is an fficial authrized agency.D. It is a charity.
【答案】24. C 25. B 26. B 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了来自科特迪瓦的Max Ylland从小热爱中国功夫，在少林寺学习了六年，回到非洲后，他致力于传播中国传统文化。
【24题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“When I was yung, I tld my mther that I wuld g t China t learn kung fu ne day. She didn’t believe it at the time. When I gt there, I immediately called her and said, ‘Mm, guess where I am. I’m at the Shalin Temple!’(我小时候告诉妈妈，有一天我会去中国学习功夫。当时她不相信。当我到了那里，我立刻打电话给她说，‘妈妈，猜猜我在哪里。我在少林寺！’)”可推知，这是Max Ylland在分享自己对中国文化的喜爱，推测划线单词表示“喜爱”，与Affectin意义相近。故选C。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“In late 2016, he had the pprtunity t visit the temple in Henan Prvince n a three-mnth exchange. This experience defined his clse relatinship with traditinal Chinese culture. (2016年底，他有机会参观了河南省的寺庙，进行了为期三个月的交流。这段经历决定了他与中国传统文化的密切关系)”可知，参观河南少林寺并进行交流这一经历使得Max Ylland接触中国传统文化，真正与中国传统文化紧密相连。故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“When I was yung, I tld my mther that I wuld g t China t learn kung fu ne day. She didn’t believe it at the time. When I gt there, I immediately called her and said, ‘Mm, guess where I am. I’m at the Shalin Temple!’(我小时候告诉妈妈，有一天我会去中国学习功夫。当时她不相信。当我到了那里，我立刻打电话给她说，‘妈妈，猜猜我在哪里。我在少林寺！’)”、第三段“In late 2016, he had the pprtunity t visit the temple in Henan Prvince n a three-mnth exchange. This experience defined his clse relatinship with traditinal Chinese culture. (2016年底，他有机会参观了河南省的寺庙，进行了为期三个月的交流。这段经历决定了他与中国传统文化的密切关系)”以及第四段“In July 2017, he returned t the Shalin Temple again and remained there fr six years. His years at the temple reading, exercising, practicing kung fu and meditatin greatly changed him, and allwed him t better understand and appreciate traditinal Chinese culture.(2017年7月，他再次回到少林寺，在那里待了六年。他在寺庙读书、锻炼、练习功夫和冥想的岁月极大地改变了他，让他更好地理解和欣赏中国传统文化)”可知，Ylland从小就热爱中国功夫，并一直不断学习中国功夫，由此可推知，Ylland是坚持不懈、有决心的。故选B。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“At the end f 2022, when he cmpleted his studies at the temple, he began wrking at a Shalin cultural center in Zambia. The first f its kind in Africa, the center is hme t 30 rphans (孤儿), wh are taught Chinese language and traditinal Chinese culture, including kung fu, as part f the curse.(2022年底，当他在少林寺完成学业后，他开始在赞比亚的一个少林文化中心工作。该中心是非洲第一个这样的中心，是30名孤儿的家，他们在课程中学习汉语和中国传统文化，包括功夫)”可知，赞比亚的少林文化中心是30名孤儿的家，是一家慈善机构。故选D。
C
Recently, as a jurnalist, I have published many stries abut scial media, privacy and artificial intelligence(AI), amng ther things. S when a chatbt(聊天机器人)tld me that my utput may have influenced its respnses t ther peple’s prmpts(提示), I rushed t wipe my data frm its memry. I quickly discvered, hwever, there is n delete buttn. AI-pwered chatbts, which are trained n datasets including vast numbers f websites and nline articles, never frget what they have learned.
That means chatbts are pssible t let ut sensitive persnal infrmatin, if it has appeared nline, and that the cmpanies behind these AIs will struggle t make gd n “right-t-be-frgtten” regulatins, which frce rganizatins t remve persnal data n request. It als means we are pwerless t stp hackers cntrlling AI utputs by. planting misinfrmatin r ill instructins in training data. All f these explain why many cmputer scientists are busy teaching AIs t frget. While they are finding that it is extremely difficult, “machine unlearning” slutins are beginning t appear. And the wrk culd prve vital beynd addressing cncerns ver privacy and misinfrmatin.
The new generatin f AI-pwered chatbts, which prduce text in respnse t ur prmpts, are supprted by large language mdels. These are trained n muntains f data, mst f which is dwnladed frm the Internet. Frm this, they learn t spt statistical(统计的)patterns, which means they can predict the likeliest next wrd in a sentence, prducing fluent answers t ur every questin.
The truble is the way AI chatbts wrk, which means that when they learn smething, it can’t be frgtten. This creates a significant prblem when it cmes t privacy, as Dr. Zhang made clear in recent research. He highlighted hw difficult it will be fr AI cmpanies t bey the “right t be frgtten”, which the Eurpean Unin declared in 2014.
28. What causes chatbts t stre what they have learned frever?
A. Their strage f training data.B. Their users’ prmpt.
C. Strng review ability.D. Lack f a delete buttn.
29. Why d many cmputer scientists try t teach AI t frget?
A. T cpy human cmpletely.B. T stre limited infrmatin.
C. T update regularly.D. T reduce security risks.
30. What can we knw abut the chatbts frm paragraph 3?
A. They can answer each questin crrectly.
B. They learn frm the designers’ limited data.
C. They make respnse based n the prmpts.
D. They can predict language mdels’ future.
31. What prblem did Dr. Zhang highlight fr AI cmpanies?
A. The difficulty in fllwing the “right t be frgtten”.
B. The lack f technlgical advancements in AI.
C. The ppsitin frm the Eurpean Unin.
D. The cncerns f privacy.
【答案】28. A 29. D 30. C 31. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了人工智能出现给人们带来便利的同时，给用户的隐私泄露也增加了一定的风险和隐患。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“AI-pwered chatbts, which are trained n datasets including vast numbers f websites and nline articles, never frget what they have learned.”(聊天机器人是基于大量网站和在线文章的数据集进行训练的，这种训练方式导致它们永远记住所学内容。)可知，训练数据的存储导致聊天机器人永远存储它们学到的东西。故选A。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“That means chatbts are pssible t let ut sensitive persnal infrmatin, if it has appeared nline, and that the cmpanies behind these AIs will struggle t make gd n “right-t-be-frgtten” regulatins, which frce rganizatins t remve persnal data n request. It als means we are pwerless t stp hackers cntrlling AI utputs by planting misinfrmatin r ill instructins in training data.”(这意味着聊天机器人有可能泄露敏感的个人信息，如果这些信息已经出现在网上，而这些人工智能背后的公司将难以履行“被遗忘权”的规定，这些规定迫使组织根据要求删除个人数据。这也意味着我们无力阻止黑客通过在训练数据中植入错误信息或错误指令来控制人工智能的输出。)可知，可知，科学家们试图教AI忘记是为了减少安全风险。故选D。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The new generatin f AI-pwered chatbts, which prduce text in respnse t ur prmpts, are supprted by large language mdels.”(新一代的人工智能聊天机器人，根据我们的提示生成文本，由大型语言模型支持。)可知，他们根据提示做出回应。故选C。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“He highlighted hw difficult it will be fr AI cmpanies t bey the “right t be frgtten”, which the Eurpean Unin declared in 2014.”(他强调，人工智能公司要遵守欧盟(Eurpean Unin)在2014年宣布的“被遗忘权”(right t be frgtten)是多么困难。)可知，张博士对人工智能公司强调了遵循“被遗忘权”的困难。故选A。
D
Tday we are facing a glbal water crisis: The UN annunced five billin peple will face water shrtages by 2050. The Wrld Resurces Institute stated that almst half f the wrld's ppulatin is facing high water stress fr at least ne mnth a year. With the impacts f climate change wrsening water shrtages, harvesting water frm air vapur (蒸气) has been highly spken f by sme as a sustainable slutin t glbal freshwater insecurity.
PHANTOR is an innvatin harvesting water frm air vapur. Designed by the Austrian studi DOIT, the 40-ft lng atmspheric water generatr can harvest 10,000 liters f water a day frm ambient humidity — enugh water t supply a residential apartment blck r hspital.
The atmspheric water generatr sucks in water vapur and cndenses (凝结) it int liquid using a cling system pwered by electricity r slar energy. The water passes thrugh carbn and bacterial filters. Being available in tw cmpact sizes, 40-ft and 20-ft shipping cntainers, makes them highly prtable cmpared t ther generatr mdels. This mbility gives them the ptential t reach remte cmmunities, respnd t disasters and serve water-stressed agricultural sites effectively.
Their technlgy was recently shwcased at the GREENTECH FESTIVAL in Singapre, where the cmpany used water frm the generatr t water the lcal gardens. They estimate that in a climate like Singapre's, ne 40-ft unit can prduce 2.8 millin liters per year. This is cmpared t 600,000 liters that can be prduced a year in a climate like Germany's.
Hwever, ne f the main drawbacks f this technlgy is that industrial scale water generatrs require a great deal f energy t perate — arund 70 kW t run ne unit, equal t half a ftball field f slar panels. They als yield substantially higher quantities f water in mre wet envirnments, and are therefre mre r less effective depending n their gegraphic lcatin.
32. What is the purpse f the PHANTOR prgram?
A. T relieve water shrtage.
B. T purify plluted water surces.
C. T help peple in remte areas get water.
D. T help peple reduce their daily cnsumptin.
33. What des paragraph 3 mainly tell us abut PHANTOR?
A. Hw it is designed.B. Hw it respnds effectively.
C. Hw it harvests water.D. Hw it differs frm ther mdels.
34. Why des the authr mentin the PHANTOR in Singapre in paragraph 4?
A. T display different water usage.B. T shw the technlgy ptential.
C. T prve each unit has its advantage.D. T pint ut the generatr's drawbacks.
35. Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr this text?
A. Cuntries facing the pressing issue f lack f water
B. Challenges f water security acrss the wrld
C. Ppularity f the atmspheric water generatr
D. An innvatin harvesting water frm air vapur
【答案】32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了大气水生成器PHANTOR的工作原理、有点和局限性以及在解决全球淡水问题上的潜力。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Tday, we are facing a glbal water crisis: The UN annunced five billin peple will face water shrtages by 2050.”（今天，我们正面临着全球性的水危机:联合国宣布，到2050年，将有50亿人面临水资源短缺。）根据第二段“PHANTOR is an innvatin harvesting water frm air vapur.”（PHANTOR是一种从空气蒸汽中收集水分的创新产品。）可知，PHANTOR计划的目的是缓解缺水。故选A项。
【33题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“The atmspheric water generatr sucks in water vapur and cndenses（凝结）it int liquid using a cling system pwered by electricity r slar energy. The water passes thrugh carbn and bacterial filters. Being available in tw cmpact sizes, 40-ft and 20-ft shipping cntainers, makes them highly prtable cmpared t ther generatr mdels.”（大气水发生器利用电力或太阳能驱动的冷却系统吸收水蒸气并将其凝结成液体。水通过碳和细菌过滤器。有两种紧凑的尺寸，40英尺和20英尺的集装箱，使它们与其他发电机模型相比非常便携。）可知，第三段主要关于PHANTOR它是如何收获水分的。故选C项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Their technlgy was recently shwcased at the GREENTECH FESTIVAL in Singapre, where the cmpany used water frm the generatr t water the lcal gardens. They estimate that in a climate like Singapre's, ne 40-ft unit can prduce 2.8 millin liters per year. This is cmpared t 600,000 liters that can be prduced a year in a climate like Germany's. ”（他们的技术最近在新加坡的绿色科技节上展出，该公司利用发电机的水浇灌当地的花园。他们估计，在新加坡这样的气候条件下，一个40英尺的装置每年可以生产280万升。相比之下，在德国这样的气候条件下，每年可以生产60万升葡萄酒。）可知，在第4段提到新加坡的PHANTOR的目的是展示技术潜力。故选B。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文以及第二段“PHANTOR is an innvatin harvesting water frm air vapur. Designed by the Austrian studi DOIT, the 40-ft lng atmspheric water generatr can harvest 10,000 liters f water a day frm ambient humidity—enugh water t supply a residential apartment blck r hspital.”（PHANTOR是一种从空气蒸汽中收集水分的创新产品。这个由奥地利DOIT工作室设计的40英尺长的大气水发生器，每天可以从周围的湿度中收集1万升水，足够供一个住宅公寓楼或医院使用。）可知，短文介绍了大气水生成器PHANTOR的工作原理、有点和局限性以及在解决全球淡水问题上的潜力。所以标题为“一项从水蒸气中收集水分的创新”切题。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
These days, almst everyne has a camera n them via their phne. It’s true that there’s n substitute (代替物) fr a prfessinal camera when it cmes t quality, but with a few simple steps, yu can capture sme pretty amazing shts with yur smartphne t. ____36____ Here are sme tips t help yu take yur smartphne phtgraphy t the next level.
Take multiple shts. One f the best things abut smartphne phtgraphy is that yu can take as many phts as yu want and there is n need t print them ff t see the results. ____37____ Burst phts (连拍照片) are gd t use when yur subject mves. Once yu’ve taken a set f burst phts, yu can then select the best shts.
____38____ Very few smartphnes can prduce excellent indr shts due t their small sensrs. Therefre, it’s best t take phts utdrs in the prper lighting cnditins t get better results. Lighting determines nt nly brightness and darkness, but als md, tne and the atmsphere f the pht.
Use HDR mde. ____39____ It adds detail frm the dark and light areas t prvide better balanced expsure. In ther wrds, it will stp the sky being t bright r the grund being t dark and really suits landscape phtgraphy. If there’s a big difference between the lightest and darkest parts f yur scene, using the HDR functin is a gd ptin.
Edit yur phts. The editing tls r sme apps n yur phne can help yu adjust the clr, brightness and mre. After being edited, yur phts will lk significantly better. ____40____
Finally, if yu want t knw hw t take a prfessinal pht with yur phne, the best tip f all is t practice!
A. Use natural light.
B. Are yu ready t learn hw?
C. And yu’ll definitely be prud f yur phts.
D. Why can’t we take gd phts with smartphnes?
E. This mde is increasingly cmmn n many smartphnes.
F. This makes it much easier t learn and imprve frm yur results.
G. Try different mdes n yur phnes t find the prper lighting cnditin.
【答案】36. B 37. F 38. A 39. E 40. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些智能手机摄影技巧。
【36题详解】
根据上文“These days, almst everyne has a camera n them via their phne. It’s true that there’s n substitute (代替物) fr a prfessinal camera when it cmes t quality, but with a few simple steps, yu can capture sme pretty amazing shts with yur smartphne t.(如今，几乎每个人的手机上都有摄像头。的确，就质量而言，没有什么可以替代专业相机，但只需几个简单的步骤，你也可以用智能手机拍出一些非常惊人的照片)”以及后文“Here are sme tips t help yu take yur smartphne phtgraphy t the next level.(这里有一些技巧可以帮助你把你的智能手机摄影提升到一个新的水平)”可知，本句为过渡句，通过设问承上启下，说明学习摄影技巧。故B选项“你准备好学习了吗？”符合语境，故选B。
【37题详解】
根据上文“Take multiple shts. One f the best things abut smartphne phtgraphy is that yu can take as many phts as yu want and there is n need t print them ff t see the results.(多拍几张。智能手机拍照最棒的一点是，你可以想拍多少就拍多少，而且不需要打印出来看结果)”可知，本句承接上文，总结智能手机不需用打印出来看结果的好处。故F选项“这使你更容易从结果中学习和提高”符合语境，故选F。
【38题详解】
根据后文“Very few smartphnes can prduce excellent indr shts due t their small sensrs. Therefre, it’s best t take phts utdrs in the prper lighting cnditins t get better results. Lighting determines nt nly brightness and darkness, but als md, tne and the atmsphere f the pht.(由于传感器小，很少有智能手机能拍出出色的室内照片。因此，最好在户外适当的光线条件下拍摄，以获得更好的效果。灯光不仅决定了明暗，还决定了照片的情绪、色调和氛围)”可知，后文提到最好在户外适当的光线条件下拍摄，户外即强调使用自然光。故A选项“使用自然光”符合语境，故选A。
【39题详解】
根据上文“Use HDR mde.(使用HDR模式)”以及后文“It adds detail frm the dark and light areas t prvide better balanced expsure. In ther wrds, it will stp the sky being t bright r the grund being t dark and really suits landscape phtgraphy. If there’s a big difference between the lightest and darkest parts f yur scene, using the HDR functin is a gd ptin.(它增加了黑暗和光明区域的细节，以提供更好的平衡曝光。换句话说，它会阻止天空太亮或地面太暗，非常适合风景摄影。如果你的场景中最亮和最暗的部分之间有很大的差异，使用HDR功能是一个不错的选择)”可知，本句承接上文，继续介绍HDR模式的特点。故E选项“这种模式在许多智能手机上越来越普遍”符合语境，故选E。
【40题详解】
根据上文“Edit yur phts. The editing tls r sme apps n yur phne can help yu adjust the clr, brightness and mre. After being edited, yur phts will lk significantly better.(编辑你的照片。手机上的编辑工具或一些应用程序可以帮助你调整颜色、亮度等。经过编辑后，你的照片看起来会好很多)”可知，上文提到了编辑过的照片看起来好很多，本句为本段最后一句，推测说明对照片的感受。故C选项“你一定会为你的照片感到骄傲的”符合语境，故选C。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Mary develped undulant fever at the age f 4. The disease can cause temprary paralysis (瘫痪). ____41____, Mary was left unable t walk fr sme time. She is nw 92 years ld and ges t the ____42____ twice a week. She even drives there by herself t take exercise, but if yu lk back at her life yu’d never ____43____ her t end up with this type f life.
Undulant fever is rare nwadays but it was cmmn in the past due t milk ____44____. Milk was ften cntaminated (受污染的) and ____45____ a lt f bacteria (细菌). When Mary ____46____ frm the fever, her bdy had frgtten hw t walk. ____47____, she had t teach herself t walk again.
One day when her family had gne t wrk Mary was left at hme. She decided t ____48____ her mther when she returned. Mary ____49____ all day again and again. When her mther returned, Mary surprised her by shwing ff her new ____50____ t walk. A shrt distance as it was, her mther was extremely ____51____.
Since then Mary’s family has shwed mre ____52____ than lve t her fr her determinatin. Nw she still can’t walk easily withut help, but she never gives up. She ____53____ ging because f her philsphy — “If I give up, I wn’t get up again”. Her family are blessed t have such a (n) ____54____ wman as an inspiratin fr their lives. She wn’t be with them fr the rest f their lives, but she will cntinue t inspire them until her time cmes. I hpe everybdy can ____55____ the gift f walking, which we take fr granted, as much as Mary.
41. A. SuddenlyB. UnusuallyC. AccidentallyD. Unfrtunately
42. A. clinicB. restaurantC. churchD. gym
43. A. persuadeB. recmmendC. expectD. allw
44. A. pllutinB. shrtageC. prmtinD. price
45. A. keptB. cntainedC. prducedD. sught
46. A. escapedB. retiredC. recveredD. returned
47. A. InsteadB. TherefreC. OtherwiseD. Hwever
48. A. askB. fllwC. surpriseD. remind
49. A. jumpedB. ranC. sangD. practiced
50. A. abilityB. energyC. ptentialD. knwledge
51. A. annyedB. disappintedC. excitedD. frightened
52. A. respectB. anxietyC. interestD. wisdm
53. A. frgetsB. keepsC. stpsD. avids
54. A. hnestB. selflessC. curageusD. generus
55. A. imagineB. describeC. purchaseD. appreciate
【答案】41. D 42. D 43. C 44. A 45. B 46. C 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. A 51. C 52. A 53. B 54. C 55. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了玛丽四岁时患了波状热，导致暂时性瘫痪，无法行走。但是玛丽没有放弃，她通过练习重新得到了走路的能力，赢得了家人的尊重，也激励着他人。
【41题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，玛丽有一段时间不能走路了。A. Suddenly突然；B. Unusually非常；C. Accidentally意外地；D. Unfrtunately不幸地。根据后文“Mary was left unable t walk fr sme time.”可知，玛丽无法走路，是不幸地。故选D。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她现在92岁了，每周去两次健身房。A. clinic诊所；B. restaurant餐厅；C. church教堂；D. gym健身房。根据后文“She even drives there by herself t take exercise”可知，经常去健身房锻炼。故选D。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她甚至自己开车去那里锻炼，但是如果你回顾她的生活，你永远不会想到她会以这种生活结束。A. persuade说服；B. recmmend推荐；C. expect预料；D. allw允许。根据后文“her t end up with this type f life”可知，玛丽如今身体健康，但是曾经她无法行走，所以无法预料到会这样健康地结束她的生活。故选C。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：波状热现在很少见，但过去由于牛奶污染很常见。A. pllutin污染；B. shrtage缺乏；C. prmtin升职；D. price价格。根据后文“Milk was ften cntaminated”可知，牛奶经常被污染并且含有很多细菌，即牛奶被污染了。故选A。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：牛奶经常被污染并且含有很多细菌。A. kept保持；B. cntained包含；C. prduced产生；D. sught寻找。根据上文“Milk was ften cntaminated”可知，牛奶经常被污染并且含有很多细菌。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当玛丽从发烧中恢复过来时，她的身体已经忘记了如何走路。A. escaped逃走；B. retired退休；C. recvered恢复；D. returned返回。根据后文“frm the fever, her bdy had frgtten hw t walk”指玛丽从发烧中恢复过来，但是忘记了如何走路。故选C。
【47题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，她不得不重新自学走路。A. Instead相反；B. Therefre因此；C. Otherwise否则；D. Hwever然而。上文“her bdy had frgtten hw t walk”提到身体已经忘记了如何走路，与后文学习走路为因果关系，应用therefre。故选B。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她决定回来时给母亲一个惊喜。A. ask询问；B. fllw跟随；C. surprise给……惊喜；D. remind提醒。根据后文“Mary surprised her”可知，玛丽决定给母亲一个惊喜。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：玛丽整天一遍又一遍地练习。A. jumped跳跃；B. ran奔跑；C. sang唱歌；D. practiced练习。根据上文“she had t teach herself t walk again.”以及后文拥有了走路的能力，推测她为此做了很多练习。故选D。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她母亲回来时，玛丽炫耀她的新走路能力，使她感到惊讶。A. ability能力；B. energy能量；C. ptential潜能；D. knwledge知识。根据后文“A shrt distance as it was”可知，玛丽拥有了走路的能力，虽然距离很短，故选A。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然距离很近，但她的母亲非常兴奋。A. annyed生气的；B. disappinted失望的；C. excited激动的；D. frightened害怕的。根据上文“A shrt distance as it was, her mther was extremely”为as引导让步状语从句，表示转折关系，说明虽然距离很近，但她的母亲非常兴奋。故选C。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，玛丽的家人对她的尊重多于对她的爱。A. respect尊重；B. anxiety焦虑；C. interest兴趣；D. wisdm智慧。根据上文“Mary’s family has shwed mre”以及玛丽凭借自己拥有了走路的能力，赢得了家人的尊重。故选A。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她坚持下去是因为她的哲学——“如果我放弃了，我就不会再站起来了”。A. frgets忘记；B. keeps保持；C. stps停止；D. avids避免。根据后文“If I give up, I wn’t get up again”可知，玛丽拥有坚持下去的品质。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的家人很幸运，有这样一个勇敢的女人激励着他们的生活。A. hnest诚实的；B. selfless无私的；C. curageus勇敢的；D. generus慷慨的。根据后文“as an inspiratin fr their lives”可知，玛丽凭借自己拥有了走路的能力，激励着家人，是一个勇敢的女人。故选C。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望每个人都能像玛丽一样感激走路的天赋，而不要当做是理所当然的。A. imagine想象；B. describe描述；C. purchase购买；D. appreciate感激。根据后文“the gift f walking, which we take fr granted, as much as Mary”可知，作者建议要像玛丽一样感激走路的能力，不要当做理所当然。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China’s first natinal museum dedicated t scientists will pen its drs in Beijing n Thursday. It aims t shwcase ____56____ (significance) achievements f Chinese scientists and prmte the spirit f scientific explratin.
One f the museum’s six pening ____57____ (exhibitin) is Return — Exhibitin f US-educated Scientists Returning t China in the 1950s, which tells the stries f utstanding scientists ____58____ returned t China frm the United States after the funding f the Peple’s Republic f China.
The exhibitin features 17 US-ducated scientists, including Liang Sili, Qian Xuesen, Deng Jiaxian and Shen Shanjing. The museum als features exhibitins f senir scientists’ ____59____ (academy) materials, a cmmemratin (纪念活动) f the centenary f Deng’s birth, an explratin f Qian’s mtivatins ____60____ a lk at engineering culture thrugh industrial heritage.
“Many aspects f ur life were created by the lder generatin ____61____ scientists. We live in a peaceful era (年代), and we did nt experience the histry, s we need t understand their stries thrugh exhibitins and histry,” said Wang Fei, a guide frm the Qian Xuesen Library.
Thrugh repeatedly ____62____ (tell) the stries f the utstanding scientists, Wang said she felt frtunate ____63____ (live) in such an era. She als emphasized ____64____ imprtance f intrducing the spirit f scientists t the public thrugh exhibitins, _____65_____ (especial) hping t sw a seed f patritism (爱国主义) in the hearts f children.
【答案】56. significant
57. exhibitins
58. wh##that
59. academic
60. and 61. f
62. telling
63. t live
64. the 65. especially
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述北京即将开放的科学家博物馆及其展览，强调科学家精神与爱国情怀的传承。
【56题详解】
考查形容词。句意：它旨在展示中国科学家的重要成就，并弘扬科学探索的精神。本空修饰名词“achievements”，需要用significance的形容词significant意为“重要的”，作前置定语。故填significant。
【57题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：博物馆六个开幕展览之一是“归来——1950年代从美国归国科学家展览”，它讲述了中华人民共和国成立后从美国回到中国的杰出科学家的故事。根据“six pening”可知，表示六个开幕展览，需要使用“exhibitin”的复数形式。故填exhibitins。
【58题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：博物馆六个开幕展览之一是“归来——1950年代从美国归国科学家展览”，它讲述了中华人民共和国成立后从美国回到中国的杰出科学家的故事。本空引导定语从句，先行词是“utstanding scientists”，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词wh或者that引导。故填wh/that。
【59题详解】
考查形容词。句意：该博物馆还展出了资深科学家的学术资料，纪念邓小平诞辰一百周年的活动，探讨钱学森的动机，以及通过工业遗产审视工程文化。本空修饰名词“materials”，需要用academy的形容词academic意为“学术的”，作前置定语。故填academic。
【60题详解】
考查连词。句意：该博物馆还展出了资深科学家的学术资料，纪念邓小平诞辰一百周年的活动，探讨钱学森的动机，以及通过工业遗产审视工程文化。根据句子结构，空处需要连词来连接并列的部分，作并列宾语。故填and。
【61题详解】
考查介词。句意：我们生活的许多方面都是由老一辈科学家创造的。根据“the lder generatin”和“scientists”，本空需要介词f来连接两部分，表示所属关系。故填f。
【62题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：王菲说，通过反复讲述杰出科学家的故事，她感到很幸运能生活在这样一个时代。介词thrugh后用动词tell的动名词telling，作宾语。故填telling。
【63题详解】
考查不定式。句意：王菲说，通过反复讲述杰出科学家的故事，她感到很幸运能生活在这样一个时代。根据“felt frtunate”可知，空处需要用不定式来表达原因。故填t live。
【64题详解】
考查冠词。句意：她还强调了通过展览向公众介绍科学家精神的重要性，特别是希望在孩子们心中播下爱国主义的种子。本空修饰名词“imprtance f intrducing the spirit f scientists”，应用定冠词the，表特指。故填the。
【65题详解】
考查副词。句意：她还强调了通过展览向公众介绍科学家精神的重要性，特别是希望在孩子们心中播下爱国主义的种子。空处修饰动词hping，应用especial的副词形式especially，表示程度。故填especially。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66. 假定你是李华，你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请你以“一次难忘的劳动经历”为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：1．简述经历；2．你的收获。
注意：
1．写作词数应80个左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
An Unfrgettable Labr Experience
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【答案】参考范文：
An Unfrgettable Labr Experience
Last summer, I vlunteered at a lcal cmmunity garden, which turned ut t be an unfrgettable experience.
Each day at the garden presented new challenges and rewards. Frm pulling weeds t planting seeds, every task required diligence and dedicatin. One particularly memrable mment was when we harvested ur first crp f tmates. As we gathered arund the garden beds, ur faces beaming with pride, I realized the prfund impact f ur cllective effrts-we had transfrmed barren sil int a rich harvest.
This experience left a lasting mark n my mind. Nt nly did it prvide me with practical skills and knwledge, but it als filled me with gratitude fr the pprtunity t be part f a cmmunity dedicated t making the wrld a greener place.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给以“一次难忘的劳动经历”为题，写一篇短文参加你校正在组织英语作文比赛。内容包括：简述经历和你的收获。
【详解】1.词汇积累
难忘的：unfrgettable→memrable
影响： impact→influence
感激：gratitude→ appreciatin
机会：pprtunity→chance
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句： This experience left a lasting mark n my mind.
拓展句：It is bvius that this experience left a lasting mark n my mind.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Last summer, I vlunteered at a lcal cmmunity garden, which turned ut t be an unfrgettable experience.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】One particularly memrable mment was when we harvested ur first crp f tmates. （运用了when引导的表语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My nine-year-ld daughter, Jessica, is a friendly sul. Frm the time she was tiny, she wuld march right up t strangers n the street and say, “Hell!” Her brwn eyes wuld twinkle, and she’d be shwing a big smile n her face. I wish she weren’t s scial. Nt nly because she is yung and female, but als because she has a disability: She has a cgnitive (认知的) disability, with a weakened brain disrder and abnrmal behavir. That’s why I’ve dne my best t cntrl my nervusness. Children with a weakened brain disrder dn’t relate well t thers, and I dn’t want t discurage her attempts. I wrry, thugh, that peple will be cld t her r be cruel t her, r that she will trust the wrng persn.
Happily, in ur small twn, when Jessica strikes up a cnversatin with smene, that persn almst always respnds kindly t her. She never expects t be refused, but I am always tense and ready t cllect the pieces if it happens. “What’s yur name?” she asks ttal strangers. “D yu have a dg? Hw ld are yu?” It always surprises me that peple patiently answer her queries. They must sense smething abut Jessica, as she’s a little bit different. They never seem t expect me t stp her, althugh I’ve tried.
“We dn’t ask adults that,” I say. “That’s a rude questin, sweetie.” She asks anyway, and peple tell her. When she is dne with her questin, she will turn t me and say, “We knw Michelle nw,” r “That is Mrs. Crawfrd.” She mves them easily frm ne categry t anther: peple we dn’t knw r peple we d knw. Strangers are merely peple she hasn’t yet asked fr their names. I’m less sure that finding ut their names means we knw them. It’s a small but easy-ging twn, and I dn’t wrry t much abut it. She desn’t g arund withut supervisin (监督) r share anything t persnal. Talking t strangers in ur small twn is nrmal.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I thught in New Yrk City, which we visited last year, it was anther thing.
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I culdn’t explain the difference between small twns and big cities because everyne was s kind.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文：
I thught in New Yrk City, which we visited last year, it was anther thing. I wasn’t surprised t hear her saying “hell” t every single persn we saw as we walked alng the streets f midtwn Manhattan, but I certainly wasn’t cmfrtable. On the first day, I decided nt t try t stp her. “This will be a gd lessn fr her. Peple may just ignre her — these are New Yrkers, after all,” I thught. And then when we gt back t the htel, she and I talked abut the difference between peple in big cities and small twns. And maybe she wuld learn nt t talk t strangers.
I culdn’t explain the difference between small twns and big cities because everyne was s kind. Every single persn she said “hell” t said “hell” right back — the busy businessmen, the turists with their cameras at the ready r the drmen standing at attentin in their unifrms. She even said “hell” t the hmeless peple. I felt smething inside me weaken: a wall, perhaps, I never even knew I had built. Because I expected peple t be indifferent t me, r t be judgmental, I never expected kindness, nt like Jessica, wh always des.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的女儿杰西卡总是对人友善，作者担心人们会对她冷淡或残忍，或者她会信任错误的人。作者回想起他们去年去纽约的时候，杰西卡和路人打招呼，通过和女儿讨论大城市和小城镇居民的不同之处，作者明白了对人友好不是一种坏事，只是自己不期待别人对自己友善。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我想在我们去年去过的纽约，那是另一回事”可知，第一段可描写作者和女儿在纽约的见闻和作者和女儿讨论大城市和小城镇居民的不同之处。
②由第二段首句内容“我无法解释小城镇和大城市之间的区别，因为每个人都很友善”可知，第二段可描写作者开始明白女儿的友善不是一种坏事。
2.续写线索：去纽约——女儿和街上的人打招呼——作者想给女儿一个教训——回到酒店讨论不同之处——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①忽视：ignre/neglect
②返回：get back t/return t
③预料：expect/anticipate
情绪类
①惊讶：surprised/astnished
②善良：kindness/gd-deed
【点睛】[高分句型1] I wasn’t surprised t hear her saying “hell” t every single persn we saw as we walked alng the streets f midtwn Manhattan, but I certainly wasn’t cmfrtable. (运用了as引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] Because I expected peple t be indifferent t me, r t be judgmental, I never expected kindness, nt like Jessica, wh always des. (运用了because引导原因状语从句和wh引导非限制性定语从句)
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