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江苏省盐城市盐城八校2024-2025学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题（解析版）
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这是一份江苏省盐城市盐城八校2024-2025学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题（解析版），共22页。试卷主要包含了 本卷主要考查内容， 15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2. 请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3. 选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑；非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答；字体工整，笔迹清楚。
4. 考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。
5. 本卷主要考查内容：至拓展创新学程二。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15.
答案是C。
1. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Writer and reader. B. Dctr and patient. C. Teacher and student.
2. Why des the man make the phne call?
A. T place an rder. B. T apply fr a jb. C. T make a cmplaint.
3. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. In a bkstre. B. In a pst ffice. C. In a classrm.
4. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. A new stre. B. Italian dishes. C. Their supper.
5. Why has the man cme back?
A. T study here. B. T travel arund. C. T take a jb.
第二节（共15 小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What will the speakers d tgether?
A. Have dinner. B. Attend a party. C. See a mvie.
7. When will the man pick up the wman?
A. At 5: 00 p. m. B. At 6: 30 p. m. C. At 7: 00 p. m.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What's the wman's jb in England?
A. Imprting wines. B. Building huses. C. Guiding travellers.
9. Hw des the wman usually g t wrk?
A. By bus. B. By car. C. On ft.
10. What is the man's attitude tward his wrk?
A. Negative. B. Favurable. C. Unclear.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Where did Mnica usually have her lunch in high schl?
A. At schl. B. At hme. C. In a restaurant.
12. Wh wuld bring lunch bxes t schl?
A. Eric’s friends. B. Mnica's friends. C. Arthur's friends.
13. Hw lng did Arthur stay in schl every day?
A. Abut 5 hurs. B. Abut 4 hurs. C. Abut 2 hurs.
听第9段材料，回答第14 至16题。
14. When did the man buy his present cmputer?
A. Tw years ag. B. Fur years ag. C. Ten years ag.
15. What des the man mainly use the cmputer t d at present?
A. Play nline games. B. Cllect infrmatin. C. Receive e- mails.
16. What des the man usually buy nline?
A. Fd. B. Clthes. C. Digital prducts.
听第10段材料, 回答第17 至20题。
17. Why did Edwards walk 14 miles every day?
A. T keep healthy. B. T lse weight. C. T get t wrk.
18. What gift did Edwards receive frm the cuple?
A. An ice cream. B. A car. C. A cmputer.
19. Hw did Edwards feel abut the cuple's help?
A. Guilty. B. Mved. C. Embarrassed.
20. What did the cuple wish Edwards t d?
A. G t cllege. B. Pay fr the gift. C. Offer help t thers.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Why Subscribe t Reader’s Digest?
The wrld’s best-lved general-interest publicatin cntains smething fr everyne. Reader’s Digest magazine is bursting with stries, articles, advice, recipes, reviews, tips, jkes and anecdtes. Each issue is small enugh t fit in yur handbag r pcket, but big enugh t keep yu entertained fr weeks n end.
Frm regular clumns packed with infrmatin t gripping (扣人心弦的) human-interest stries and helpful hw-ts, ur magazine ffers knwledge, psitivity and humur. In this mnth’s issue yu’ll find. . .
An interview with Hugh Dancy
The newest additin t the cast f Dwntn Abbey n New Yrk Law& Order, and the nstalgia (怀旧) f playing an English gentleman.
Saving the sund f the Stradivaius
Meet the experts fighting t save the unbeatable sund f histry’s greatest vilins, meeting the lve f her life.
Cmmunity Pwer
Acrss the UK, cmmunities are cming tgether t save their pubs, shps, and mre.
If Grace Dent ruled the wrld
The restaurant critic shares her manifest (宣言) fr wrld dminatin.
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Our best price yet — It’s nly £ 22. 99 fr a full ne-year subscriptin — A Saving f ver 50% OFF the usual £ 47. 88 retail price — and what’s mre, we will deliver it direct t yur dr fr free!
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1. If readers want t knw abut an actr, which ne shuld they read?
A. If Grace Dent ruled the wrld.B. Cmmunity Pwer.
C. Saving the sund f the Stradivaius.D. An interview with Hugh Dancy.
2. Hw much will yu save if yu take ut a full ne-year subscriptin tday?
A. £ 3.B. £ 22. 99.C. £ 24. 89.D. £ 47. 88.
3. What kind f writing is the passage?
A. An intrductin.B. A part f a fictin.
C. A research reprt.D. An advertisement.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章是关于《读者文摘》杂志的介绍和订阅推广。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一个小标题 An interview with Hugh Dancy 中“The newest additin t the cast f Dwntn Abbey n New Yrk, Law& Order, and the nstalgia (怀旧) f playing an English gentleman. (《唐顿庄园》《法律与秩序》的新成员，以及对扮演英国绅士的怀念。)”可知，想了解一个演员，需要看 An interview with Hugh Dancy。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Our best price yet — It’s nly £ 22. 99 fr a full ne- year subscriptin — A Saving f ver 50% OFF the usual £ 47. 88 retail price(我们最优惠的价格——全年订阅只需22. 99英镑——比通常的47. 88英镑零售价节省50%以上)”可知，如果你今天就全额订购一年，你可以节省 47. 88-22. 99=£ 24. 89。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章标题“Why Subscribe t Reader’s Digest?(为什么订阅《读者文摘》?)”及全文可知，文章先简单介绍了读者文摘，以及列举了其中一期的内容，最后两部分重点介绍了订阅费用，所以是通过介绍《读者文摘》使读者订阅的广告。故选D。
B
Fr the 70 percent f the wrld's ppulatin withut any chance f using electric washing machines, keeping up with laundry takes up a lt f time. And it is ften a painful physical task. The task falls unreasnably t wmen and girls, wh can spend 20 hurs a week washing clthes, ften withut electricity r running water. Lndn engineer Navjt Sawhney, hwever, has cme up with an idea: a prtable and lightweight washing machine that is similar t a plastic drum. It als des duble duty as a dryer, and csts arund $60.
31- year- ld Sawhney calls it the Divya, after the wman wh inspired the prject—his frmer next- dr neighbur in Suth India, where he spent a year vlunteering after leaving his jb as an engineer at high- end vacuum (真空吸尘器) maker Dysn. “When I gt t knw Divya, I was s sad abut all the unpaid wrk she needed t d—cleaning clthes,” says Sawhney. In 2018, he returned t the United Kingdm t fund “The Washing Machine Prject”, which is develping a washing slutin that will be affrdable, prtable and accessible fr everyne, everywhere. After a few mnths f develping a mdel, he received sme mney frm Oxfam's Iraq Respnse Innvatin Lab.
Since March 2019, mre than 150 Divyas have been given ut t refugees in Iraq thrugh nn- prfit partners. “The respnse was great,” Sawhney says. His gal is t deliver 8, 000 machines in 10 cuntries ver the next three years. By saving 75 percent f the time and 50 percent f the water required t wash clthes, he says, wmen and girls will be freer t accept educatin.
Aside frm the Divya, Sawhney has als wrked n making fuel- efficient ckstves, and plans t develp refrigeratrs, cnditiners, and lighting. Sawhney sees the wrld's grwing refugee crisis as a call fr innvatin: “There is a huge need fr appliances that make life better fr peple.”
4. What did Navjt Sawhney d t help the wmen in India?
A. He vlunteered t wash clthes fr them.
B. He prvided them with free access t educatin.
C. He called n peple in his cmmunity t dnate clthes.
D. He wrked ut a slutin by inventing a washing machine.
5. What inspired Navjt Sawhney t fund the prject?
A. His neighbur's experience.B. His previus wrk in Dysn.
C. The supprt f a science lab.D. The request f refugees in Iraq.
6. What can we infer abut the prject in Paragraph 3?
A. It is highly praised.B. It fcuses n educatin.
C. It has created many jbs.D. It has earned a lt f mney.
7. Which f the fllwing can best describe Navjt Sawhney?
A. Selfless and hnest.B. Helpful and serius.
C. Caring and creative.D. Thughtful and strict.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。英国工程师 Navjt Sawhney在印度贫民窟受到启发，发明了一款便携式洗衣机。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。 根据第一段的 “Lndn engineer Navjt Sawhney, hwever, has cme up with an idea: a prtable and lightweight washing machine that is similar t a plastic drum.(然而，伦敦的工程师纳夫乔特·索赫尼想出了一个想法：一台类似于塑料鼓的便携式轻质洗衣机。)” 可知，为了帮助印度的妇女, Navjt Sawhney 发明了一种洗衣机来解决这个问题。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的 “31- year- ld Sawhney calls it the Divya, after the wman wh inspired the prject— his frmer next- dr neighbur in Suth India, where he spent a year vlunteering after leaving his jb as an engineer at high- end vacuum maker Dysn.(31岁的索尼称之为“Divya”，因为这个项目的灵感来源——他在印度南部的前邻居，在辞去高端真空制造商戴森的工程师工作后，他在那里花了一年时间做志愿者。)” 可知，Navjt Sawhney 在印度做志愿服务时看到邻居的洗衣经历，让他有了创立“洗衣机项目”的灵感。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的 “Since March 2019, mre than 150 Divyas have been given ut t refugees in Iraq thrugh nn- prfit partners. ‘The respnse was great, ’ Sawhney says.(自2019年3月以来，已有150多名迪维亚人通过非营利性合作伙伴发放给了在伊拉克的难民。索赫尼说，反响很好。)” 可知，这款洗衣机反响很好，由此推知，该项目得到很高的评价。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。文中讲述了 Navjt Sawhney为了帮助印度贫困地区的妇女洗衣服而发明了洗衣机，由此可推知，他既有爱心又很有创造力。故选C。
C
Our brains have an “aut- crrect” feature that we use when re- interpreting ambiguus (含混不清的) sunds, accrding t new research. The study sheds light n hw the brain uses infrmatin gathered after the discvering f an initial sund t aid speech cmprehensin. The findings pint t new ways we use infrmatin and cntext t aid in speech cmprehensin.
“What a persn thinks they hear des nt always match the actual signals that reach the ear,” explains lead authr Laura Gwilliams. “This is because the brain re-evaluates the interpretatin f a speech sund at the mment each fllwing speech sund is heard in rder t update interpretatins as necessary,” Gwilliams says.
It’s well knwn that the perceptin f a speech sund is determined by its surrunding cntext — in the frm f wrds, sentences and ther speech sunds. This plays ut in everyday life — when we talk, the actual speech we prduce is ften ambiguus. Fr example, when a friend says she has a “dent (凹痕) ” in her car, yu may hear “tent”. Althugh this kind f ambiguity happens regularly, we, as listeners, are hardly aware f it. “This is because the brain autmatically reslves the ambiguity fr us — it picks an interpretatin and that’s what we perceive t hear, ” explains Gwilliams. “The way the brain des this is by using the surrunding cntext t narrw dwn the pssibilities f what the speaker may mean.”
In the study, the researchers sught t understand hw the brain uses this fllwing infrmatin t adjust ur perceptin f what we initially heard. T d this, they cnducted a series f experiments in which the subjects listened t islated syllables and similarly sunding wrds. Their results prduced three primary findings: The brain’s primary auditry crtex (听觉皮层) is sensitive t hw ambiguus a speech sund is at just 50 millisecnds after the sund’s appearance. The brain “replays” previus speech sunds while interpreting the fllwing nes, suggesting re-evaluatin as the rest f the wrd unflds. The brain makes cmmitments t its “best guess” f hw t interpret the signal after abut half a secnd.
8. What is the study mainly abut?
A. Why sme peple prcess infrmatin faster.B. Hw brains tell apart useful infrmatin.
C. Hw brains understand unclear wrds.D. Why peple make unclear sunds.
9. What des the authr want t shw by giving the example in Paragraph 3?
A. Peple are likely t mistake a wrd fr smething familiar.
B. Peple can understand thers even if they mishear a wrd.
C. Peple are mre likely t mishear their friends.
D. It is nrmal fr peple t make unclear sunds.
10. What d we knw abut the unclear wrds in the experiments?
A. They stpped us thinking further.B. They led t misunderstanding.
C. They were nticed instantly.D. They seemed t be useless.
11. What des the underlined part “the signal” in the last paragraph refer t?
A. The fllwing speech sund.B. The unclearly sunding wrd.
C. The similarly sunding wrd.D. The islated syllable.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了根据一项新研究，我们的大脑在重新解释模棱两可的声音时会使用一种“自动纠正”功能。文章介绍了研究开展的过程以及发现。
8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Our brains have an “aut- crrect” feature that we use when re- interpreting ambiguus (含混不清的) sunds, accrding t new research. The study sheds light n hw the brain uses infrmatin gathered after the discvering f an initial sund t aid speech cmprehensin.(新研究表明，我们的大脑具有一种“自动纠正”功能，该功能在我们重新解释含混不清的声音时会发挥作用。该研究揭示了大脑如何利用在发现初始声音后收集到的信息来帮助理解语言)”可知，这项研究的主要内容是大脑如何理解不清晰的词语。故选C项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“It’s well knwn that the perceptin f a speech sund is determined by its surrunding cntext—in the frm f wrds, sentences and ther speech sunds. This plays ut in everyday life—when we talk, the actual speech we prduce is ften ambiguus. Fr example, when a friend says she has a “dent (凹痕) ” in her car, yu may hear “tent”. Althugh this kind f ambiguity happens regularly, we, as listeners, are hardly aware f it. “This is because the brain autmatically reslves the ambiguity fr us— it picks an interpretatin and that’s what we perceive t hear, ” explains Gwilliams. “The way the brain des this is by using the surrunding cntext t narrw dwn the pssibilities f what the speaker may mean.”(众所周知，对语音的感知是由其周围的语境决定的，这些语境以单词、句子和其他语音的形式存在。这在我们的日常生活中随处可见——当我们说话时，我们实际说出的内容往往很模糊。例如，当朋友说她车上有“凹痕”时，你可能会听到“帐篷”。尽管这种模糊性经常发生，但我们作为听众几乎不会意识到这一点。“这是因为大脑会自动为我们解决这种模糊性——它会选择一种解释，而这就是我们感知到的内容，”格威廉姆斯解释道。“大脑这样做的方式是利用周围的语境来缩小说话者可能表达的意思范围。”)”可推知，作者想通过第三段的例子说明即使听错了一个词，人们也能听懂别人说的话。故选B项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Their results prduced three primary findings: The brain’s primary auditry crtex (听觉皮层) is sensitive t hw ambiguus a speech sund is at just 50 millisecnds after the sund’s appearance. The brain “replays” previus speech sunds while interpreting the fllwing nes, suggesting re-evaluatin as the rest f the wrd unflds. The brain makes cmmitments t its “best guess” f hw t interpret the signal after abut half a secnd.(他们的研究结果产生了三个主要发现：大脑的初级听觉皮层在声音出现50毫秒后就对语音的歧义程度很敏感。大脑在解释接下来的声音时“重播”之前的声音，暗示随着单词的展开重新评估。大脑会在半秒后做出“最佳猜测”来解释信号)”可知，实验中不清楚的单词很快就被注意到了。故选C项。
【11题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Their results prduced three primary findings: The brain’s primary auditry crtex (听觉皮层) is sensitive t hw ambiguus a speech sund is at just 50 millisecnds after the sund’s appearance. The brain “replays” previus speech sunds while interpreting the fllwing nes, suggesting re-evaluatin as the rest f the wrd unflds.(他们的研究结果产生了三个主要发现：大脑的初级听觉皮层在声音出现50毫秒后就对语音的歧义程度很敏感。大脑在解释接下来的声音时“重播”之前的声音，暗示随着单词的展开重新评估)”可知，他们的研究结果产生了三个主要发现：大脑的初级听觉皮层在声音出现50毫秒后就对语音的模糊程度很敏感。大脑在解释接下来的声音时“重播”之前的声音，暗示随着单词的展开重新评估。大脑会在半秒后做出“最佳猜测”来解释发音不清楚的单词。故划线词意思“发音不清楚的单词”。故选B项。
D
On Inaccessible Island, yu hear the sund f the Inaccessible Island rails (秧鸡) everywhere. The small flightless birds mve arund, feeding n wrms and berries. During a trip in 2011, it tk days fr Stervander, then a dctral student, t spt ne. “Even then, yu see smething little and dark, running fr a secnd, and that’s abut it,” he says. Catching ne, thugh, prved easy. When scientists played a recrding f the bird’s call, a male and female ran int the net a few minutes later.
Inaccessible Island rails live nly n Inaccessible Island. “N ne knew the histry,” says Stervander, nw a research fellw at the University f Oregn. He aimed t answer the questin abut these birds: Hw did they get t Inaccessible Island t begin with?
The first scientist t describe the rail was Percy Lwe. He thught the bird was frm Africa and had always been flightless. In his view, it had arrived at the island by walking ver land bridges. But nw the science f plate tectnics (板块构造论) suggests that’s nt the case. In a recent paper, Stervander and his clleagues give evidence fr a different versin.
After studying the genme (基因组) f the rails, scientists fund the Inaccessible Island rail’s clsest relative — the crake in Uruguay. Bth birds are related t the black rail in America. The finding suggests the ancestrs f these birds culd fly. That means Inaccessible Island rails flew t their present hme, and like many birds living n islands with n predatrs (捕食者), they gradually lst the ability t fly. Flying takes energy, s if there’s n reasn t fly, it’s mre practical nt t.
On this island, there’s a grwing ppulatin f rails, but they’re fragile. Shuld a predatr reach the island, it culd make quick wrk f the birds. Peple n nearby islands are careful t avid intrducing any predatrs t Inaccessible Island, and the risk is lw, given hw hard it is t get there. Fr nw, the rails live peacefully in a place where few humans are eager t g.
12. What can we learn abut the Inaccessible Island rails?
A. They are hard t trap.B. They can be seen everywhere.
C. They mve arund quickly.D. They are nt afraid f humans.
13. What caused the Inaccessible Island rails t becme flightless?
A. Their lack f energy.B. Their living envirnment.
C. Their way t search fr fd.D. Their cnnectin with their ancestrs.
14. Which best describes the present situatin f the Inaccessible Island rails?
A Safe.B. Tugh.C. Unexpected.D. Dangerus.
15. What’s the best title fr the text?
A. The Develpment f Rails n Inaccessible Island
B. The Need t Prtect Flightless Inaccessible Island Rails
C. Hw Did the Flightless Bird Get t Inaccessible Island?
D. Why are Inaccessible Island Rails Limited n the Island?
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章描述了在伊纳克塞瑟布尔岛生活的一种无法飞行的秧鸡，并分析了它们到达岛屿的方法和不会飞行的原因。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段““Even then, yu see smething little and dark, running fr a secnd, and that’s abut it,” he says.(“即使在那个时候，你也会看到一个又小又黑的东西在跑，仅此而已，”他说)”可知，岛上的秧鸡行动敏捷，被人们看到后转眼就跑没影了。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“That means Inaccessible Island rails flew t their present hme, and like many birds living n islands with n predatrs (捕食者), they gradually lst the ability t fly.(这意味着伊纳克塞瑟布尔岛的秧鸡飞到了它们现在的家，就像许多生活在没有捕食者的岛屿上的鸟类一样，它们逐渐失去了飞行的能力)”可知，秧鸡的生活环境让它们逐渐失去了飞行的能力。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Peple n nearby islands are careful t avid intrducing any predatrs t Inaccessible Island, and the risk is lw, given hw hard it is t get there. Fr nw, the rails live peacefully in a place where few humans are eager t g.(附近岛屿上的人们小心翼翼地避免将任何捕食者引入伊纳克塞瑟布尔岛，考虑到到达那里的难度，风险很低。目前，这些秧鸡平静地生活在一个很少有人愿意去的地方)”推知，岛上没有捕食者，也几乎没有人类到达，所以它们目前是很安全的。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“He aimed t answer the questin abut these birds: Hw did they get t Inaccessible Island t begin with?(他的目的是回答关于这些鸟的问题：它们是如何到达伊纳克塞瑟布尔岛的？)”和全文内容可知，文章主要就在伊纳克塞瑟布尔岛生活的没有飞行能力的秧鸡是如何到达这座岛屿的话题展开讨论，介绍了科学家的相关研究发现。由此可知，Hw Did the Flightless Bird Get t Inaccessible Island?(不会飞的鸟是如何到伊纳克塞瑟布尔岛的？)适合作本文最佳标题。故选C。
第二节（共5 小题；每小题 2. 5分，满分 12. 5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Are wrms the heres we didn’t knw we needed? Silent, slimy and wriggling (扭动), yu might think that wrms are gd fr nthing except bait (诱饵) n the end f a fishing ple. ____16____
The British naturalist Charles Darwin said that n ther animal has “played such an imprtant part in the histry f the wrld as these lwly rganised creatures”. They have lived n Earth fr 600 millin years and have even survived five mass extinctins. ____17____
Earthwrms literally mve the earth, and this is why farmers lve them. As they travel, they aerate (使透气) the sil by lsening, mixing and xygenating it. ____18____ They are effectively a small but very efficient plugh (犁). But it’s nt just earthwrms that deserve praise.
In 2022, a grup f scientists at the Margarita Salas Centre fr Bilgical Research islated enzymes (酶) fund in wax wrm saliva (唾液) which are plastic-eating. _____19_____ It’s hped that by prducing these enzymes n an industry-level scale, we will have a mre envirnmentally friendly way t reduce plastic pllutin.
_____20_____ Bldwrms are small sea creatures which press themselves int the mud f the cean flr. Scientists at the University f Califrnia, Santa Barbara have been studying their jaws, which are made up f 10% cpper prteins (铜蛋白) and are s strng that they last the wrm’s entire five-year lifespan. Because f this research, engineers may start using the jaws as inspiratin fr the design and manufacture f materials like cncrete.
S, next time yu see a wrm, shw it a little respect. They really are changing the wrld!
A. S, what d wrms d that is s great?
B. Wrms have a lifespan f a few mnths.
C. And wrms are even inspiring the building industry.
D. It increases the grund’s capacity t hld and empty water.
E. Hwever, there is mre t the humble wrm than meets the eye.
F. Humans prduce mre than 300 millin tns f plastic every year.
G. These can break dwn a very cmmn plastic that nrmally breaks dwn ver many years.
【答案】16. E 17. A 18. D 19. G 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了不起眼的蠕虫实际上是我们需要的英雄，它们可以疏松土壤，更快地分解难以降解的塑料，甚至为建筑行业提供灵感。
【16题详解】
前文“Are wrms the heres we didn’t knw we needed? Silent, slimy and wriggling (扭动), yu might think that wrms are gd fr nthing except bait (诱饵) n the end f a fishing ple. (蠕虫是我们不知道自己需要的英雄吗？沉默、黏糊糊、蠕动着，你可能会认为蠕虫除了在鱼竿末端做诱饵外别无用处)”提到人们通常认为蠕虫没有特别的用处，后文段落具体介绍了蠕虫的大作用。因此E项“Hwever, there is mre t the humble wrm than meets the eye. (然而，这条不起眼的蠕虫并不像我们看到的那么简单)”符合语境，指出蠕虫其实并不简单，和前文构成转折，引出后文段落内容。故选E。
【17题详解】
前文“The British naturalist Charles Darwin said that n ther animal has “played such an imprtant part in the histry f the wrld as these lwly rganised creatures”. They have lived n Earth fr 600 millin years and have even survived five mass extinctins. (英国博物学家查尔斯·达尔文说，没有其他动物“在世界历史上扮演过像这些低等组织生物这样重要的角色”。它们在地球上生活了6亿年，甚至在五次大灭绝中幸存下来)”引用达尔文的话，强调蠕虫的重要性，并提到蠕虫顽强的生存能力，后文段落介绍蠕虫的奇特之处。因此A项“S, what d wrms d that is s great? (那么，蠕虫有什么了不起的地方呢)”符合语境，承接前文，以问题的形式引出对蠕虫了不起之处的探究，引出后文的具体介绍。故选A。
【18题详解】
前文“Earthwrms literally mve the earth, and this is why farmers lve them. As they travel, they aerate (使透气) the sil by lsening, mixing and xygenating it. (蚯蚓可以移动土地，这就是为什么农民喜欢它们。在移动过程中，它们通过松动、混合和充氧使土壤透气)”介绍蚯蚓帮助松动土壤，让土壤透气。因此D项“It increases the grund’s capacity t hld and empty water. (这增加了地面蓄水和排水的能力)”符合语境，指出这样对地面蓄水和排水方面的帮助，承接前文。故选D。
【19题详解】
前文“In 2022, a grup f scientists at the Margarita Salas Centre fr Bilgical Research islated enzymes (酶) fund in wax wrm saliva (唾液) which are plastic-eating. (2022年，Margarita Salas生物研究中心的一组科学家从蜡虫唾液中分离出了能吃塑料的酶。)”提到科学家们分离出了能吃塑料的酶。因此G项“These can break dwn a very cmmn plastic that nrmally breaks dwn ver many years. (它们可以分解一种很常见的塑料，这种塑料通常需要很多年才能分解)”符合语境，介绍这种酶的巨大作用，承接前文，其中These指代前文的enzymes。故选G。
【20题详解】
空处位于段首，应该是段落中心句，和前面两个段落并列，继续介绍蠕虫的大作用。后文“Scientists at the University f Califrnia, Santa Barbara have been studying their jaws, which are made up f 10% cpper prteins (铜蛋白) and are s strng that they last the wrm’s entire five-year lifespan. Because f this research, engineers may start using the jaws as inspiratin fr the design and manufacture f materials like cncrete. (加州大学圣巴巴拉分校的科学家们一直在研究它们的下颚，它们的下颚由10%的铜蛋白质组成，非常坚固，可以维持这种蠕虫整整五年的寿命。由于这项研究，工程师们可能会开始使用颚作为设计和制造混凝土等材料的灵感)”主要介绍通过研究这种下颚，工程师们得到一些建筑方面的灵感。因此C项“And wrms are even inspiring the building industry. (蠕虫甚至给建筑行业带来了灵感)”符合语境，契合后文内容。故选C。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30 分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分 15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A few mnths ag, I was dwn with a terrible cld which ended in a bad cugh. N matter hw many different medicines I tried, I ___21___ culdn’t get rid f the cugh. Nt nly did it ___22___ my teaching but als my life as a whle.
Then ne day after class, a student came up t me and ___23___ traditinal Chinese medicine. Frm her descriptin, Chinese medicine sunded as if it had magic pwer that ___24___. I was ___25___ because I knew s little abut it and have never tried it befre. ___26___, my cugh gt s much wrse that I culdn’t sleep at night, s I decided t give it a ___27___. The Chinese dctr tk my pulse and asked t see my tngue, bth f which were new experience t me because they are bth ___28___ in Western medicine, where diagnsis relies heavily n ___29___. Then the dctr gave me a scraping (刮) treatment knwn as “Gua Sha”. I was a little ___30___ at first because he used a smth edged tl t scrape the skin n my neck and shulders.
A few minutes later, the treatment started t prduce a ___31___ effect and my bdy and mind began t sink deeper int ___32___. I didn’t feel any imprvement in my ___33___ in the first cuple f days, but after a few mre regular visits t the dctr, my cugh started t ___34___. Then within a matter f weeks, it was cmpletely ___35___!
21. A. stillB. evenC. currentlyD. certainly
22. A. facilitateB. benefitC. incnvenienceD. change
23. A. recmmendedB. sldC. prescribedD. adpted
24. A. set trendsB. brught rewardsC. changed rulesD. wrked wnders
25. A. excitedB. hesitantC. ptimisticD. nervus
26. A. CnsequentlyB. EventuallyC. AdmittedlyD. Surprisingly
27. A. breakB. lkC. shtD. miss
28. A. frequently-usedB. nnexistentC. highly-recmmendedD. nneffective
29. A. dctrsB. hspitalsC. symptmsD. machines
30. A. unsatisfiedB. tiredC. disappintedD. scared
31. A. relievingB. damagingC. stimulatingD. cling
32. A. relaxatinB. painC. uneasinessD. depressin
33. A. capabilityB. strengthC. cnditinD. circumstance
34. A. wrsenB. lessenC. lengthenD. quicken
35. A. unexpectedB. fineC. differentD. gne
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. D 31. A 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者咳嗽了很久且多少药都不管用。咳嗽严重影响了作者的教学和生活。后来在学生的推荐下，作者去看了中医。经过几周治疗，作者完全康复。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不管我试了多少药，我还是治不好咳嗽。A. still仍然；B. even甚至；C. currently当前；D. certainly当然。根据“N matter hw many different medicines I tried”可知，不管作者用了多少不同的药，仍然治不好咳嗽。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这不仅给我的教学带来了不便，也给我的整个生活带来了不便。A. facilitate促进；B. benefit使受益；C. incnvenience给……带来不便；D. change改变。根据前文“I ___1___ culdn’t get rid f the cugh.”可知，咳嗽给作者的教学和整个生活都带来了不便。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来有一天下课后，一个学生走过来向我推荐中医。A. recmmended推荐；B. sld出售；C. prescribed开处方；D. adpted采用。根据后文“Frm her descriptin, Chinese medicine sunded as if it had magic pwer that ___4___.”可知，有一天下课，一个学生来找作者并推荐了中医。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：从她的描述中，中医听起来好像有神奇的力量，可以创造奇迹。A. set trends引领潮流；B. brught rewards带来回报；C. changed rules改变规则；D. wrked wnders创造奇迹。根据“as if it had magic pwer”可知，中医听起来好像有产生奇妙的作用的神奇力量。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很犹豫，因为我对它知之甚少，以前也从未尝试过。A. excited兴奋的；B. hesitant犹豫的；C. ptimistic乐观的；D. nervus紧张的。根据后文“because I knew s little abut it and have never tried it befre.”可知，作者以前从未尝试过中医，所以很犹豫。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，我的咳嗽越来越严重，晚上睡不着觉，所以我决定试一试。A. Cnsequently因此；B. Eventually最终；C. Admittedly诚然，无可否认；D. Surprisingly令人惊讶地。根据“my cugh gt s much wrse that I culdn’t sleep at night”可知，最后作者的咳嗽越来越严重，晚上睡不着觉。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，我的咳嗽越来越严重，晚上睡不着觉，所以我决定试一试。A. break休息；B. lk看；C. sht射击；D. miss错过。根据下文“The Chinese dctr tk my pulse and asked t see my tngue”可知，作者决定试一试。短语give it a sht“试一试，尝试一下”。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：中国医生为我把脉，并要求看一下我的舌头，这对我来说都是新的体验，因为在西医中，诊断严重依赖机器，这两项都是不存在的。A. frequently-used经常使用的；B. nnexistent不存在的；C. highly-recmmended极力推荐的；D. nneffective无效的。根据“bth f which were new experience t me”可知，把脉和看舌头这两种情况在西医里都是不存在的。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：中国医生为我把脉，并要求看一下我的舌头，这对我来说都是新的体验，因为在西医中，诊断严重依赖机器，这两项都是不存在的。A. dctrs医生；B. hspitals医院；C. symptms症状；D. machines机器。根据“in Western medicine”以及结合常识可知，西医是严重依赖机器的诊断。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始我有点害怕，因为他用一个光滑的工具刮我脖子和肩膀上的皮肤。A. unsatisfied不满意的；B. tired疲倦的；C. disappinted失望的；D. scared害怕的。根据“because he used a smth edged tl t scrape the skin n my neck and shulders.”以及下文“A few minutes later, the treatment started t prduce a ___11___ effect and my bdy and mind began t sink deeper int ___12___.”可知，作者第一次看中医，看到医生用一个光滑的工具刮脖子和肩膀上的皮肤，感到害怕。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，治疗开始产生缓解效果，我的身心开始更加放松。A. relieving缓解的；B. damaging损害的，有破坏性的；C. stimulating刺激的；D. cling凉爽的，冷静的。根据后文“Then within a matter f weeks, it was cmpletely ___15___!”可知，作者的咳嗽完全好了，由此可知，此处指医生的治疗产生了缓解效果。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，治疗开始产生缓解效果，我的身心开始更加放松。A. relaxatin放松；B. pain疼痛；C. uneasiness不安；D. depressin抑郁。根据上文“A few minutes later, the treatment started t prduce a ___11___ effect”以及下文“Then within a matter f weeks, it was cmpletely ___15___!”可知，治疗开始产生缓解效果，作者的身心开始更加放松。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在最初的几天里，我感觉自己的病情没有任何改善，但在多去看了几次医生后，我的咳嗽开始减轻。A. capability能力；B. strength力量；C. cnditin条件；D. circumstance情况。情况。根据上文“I didn’t feel any imprvement”可知，作者感觉自己的病情没有任何改善。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在最初的几天里，我感觉自己的病情没有任何改善，但在多去看了几次医生后，我的咳嗽开始减轻。A. wrsen恶化；B. lessen(使)减少，减轻；C. lengthen延长；D. quicken加快。根据“I didn’t feel any imprvement in my ___13____ in the first cuple f days, but after a few mre regular visits t the dctr”可知，最初的几天里，作者感觉自己的病情没有任何改善，但在多去看了几次医生后，作者的咳嗽开始减轻。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后在几周内，它就完全消失了！A. unexpected意外的；B. fine好的；C. different不同的；D. gne消失的。根据前文“but after a few mre regular visits t the dctr, my cugh started t ___1___.”可知，作者的咳嗽开始减轻，几个星期后，应是消失了。故选D项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Spending time in the great utdrs is a full-n sensry experience with endless skies, beautiful frests, the sunds f the wind and the warm feeling f sunrays _____36_____ (rest) n yur face. In additin t nature’s _____37_____ (enjy) sights, sunds and sensatins, the familiar smells f nature can be just as appealing. In fact, a recent study fund that nature desn’t just smell gd, but its fragrances make peple feel gd as well.
The researchers frm the University f Kent in the UK _____38_____ (send) 194 participants t relax in the wdlands thrughut the fur seasns. The participants reprted feeling relaxed when they smelled _____39_____they described as “fresh air” r “earthy” smells. Accrding t the study, these smells brught back fun memries f their childhds. ____40____instance, pine trees made sme participants think abut Christmas.
“We fund that smells affected multiple fields f well-being with physical well-being discussed mst_____41_____ (frequent), particularly in relatin t relaxatin, cmfrt and rejuvenatin (恢复活力),” wrte the researchers in the study. They als fund that peple feel mre settled in a smell-free zne, with this result pssibly _____42_____ (link) t the absence f bad- smelling urban smells, like pllutin.
Dr Jessica Fisher, study c-authr, pinted ut these results culd _____43_____ (apply) in future practice. In his pinin, when_____44_____ cmes t enjying a hike in the wds r a picnic under the pen skies, it pays _____45_____ (keep) nt nly ne’s eyes and ears, but als ne’s nse, pen.
【答案】36. resting
37. enjyable
38. sent 39. what
40. Fr 41. frequently
42. linked 43. be applied
44. it 45. t keep
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明，大自然芳香的气味能改善幸福感。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：花时间在户外是一种全方位的感官体验，无尽的天空，美丽的森林，风的声音和温暖的阳光照在你的脸上。sunrays与空白处所填词在逻辑上是主谓关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。故填resting。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：除了大自然令人愉快的景象、声音和感觉之外，大自然熟悉的气味也同样具有吸引力。空白处所填词在文中作定语修饰“sights, sunds and sensatins”，故填形容词enjyable。故填enjyable。
【38题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：来自英国肯特大学的研究人员让194名参与者在一年四季都在森林里放松。根据下一句中的“The participants reprted. . . ”可知，谓语动词动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时。故填sent。
【39题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：参与者报告说，当他们闻到他们所说的“新鲜空气”或“泥土”气味时，他们感到放松。空白处所填词引导宾语从句，且在从句中作described的宾语，指物，应用连接代词what引导，故填what。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：例如，松树让一些参与者想起了圣诞节。fr instance意为“例如”，首字母应大写。故填Fr。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：“我们发现，气味会影响多个领域的健康，其中最常被讨论的是身体健康，尤其是与放松、舒适和恢复活力有关的健康，”研究人员在研究中写道。空白处所填词作状语修饰动词“discussed”，故填副词frequently。故填frequently。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们还发现，人们在没有气味的地方感觉更安定，这种结果可能与没有城市难闻的气味有关，比如污染。此处是“with+宾语+宾补”复合结构作状语，link和宾语this result之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作宾补。故填linked。
【43题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：该研究的合著者Jessica Fisher博士指出，这些结果可以应用于未来的实践。“these results”是“apply”动作的承受者, 故用被动语态；情态动词culd在此用于表示“可能性”，后接动词原形。故填be applied。
【44题详解】
考查代词。句意：在他看来，当谈到享受在树林里远足或在开阔的天空下野餐时，不仅要睁大眼睛和耳朵，还要睁大鼻子。when it cmes t. . . 为固定句型，意为“谈到，涉及……”。故填it。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。句中it作形式主语，空白处用不定式作真正主语。故填t keep。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分 15 分）
46. 假定你是李华，你校广播站将增加15分钟的英语节目(Special English)。请你给负责的外教Bb写一个邮件，内容包括：
1. 对该举措态度；
2. 对内容的建议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Bb,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Bb,
I am glad t hear the news f the upcming additin f Special English. This nt nly increases the pprtunities fr ur students t practice English listening, but als enriches ur campus cultural atmsphere.
Given the limited time, I think the cntent shuld nt nly be nvel but als shrt, including campus news, student interviews, English knwledge and ther frms. At the same time, we shuld cnstantly listen t the pinins f ur schlmates and stimulate their enthusiasm fr learning English.
I believe that under yur guidance, this prgram will becme better and better.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给负责学校广播站的外教Bb写一个邮件，表明对增加15分钟英语节目的态度和建议。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
机会：chance →pprtunity
观点：view→pinin
环境：envirnment→atmsphere
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I think the cntent shuld nt nly be nvel but als shrt including campus news, student interviews, English knwledge and ther frms.
拓展句：I think the cntent shuld nt nly be nvel but als shrt, which includes campus news, student interviews, English knwledge and ther frms.
【点睛】【高分句型1】This nt nly increases the pprtunities fr ur students t practice English listening, but als enriches ur campus cultural atmsphere.（运用了nt als连接的并列谓语）
【高分句型2】I believe that under yur guidance, this prgram will becme better and better.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
第二节（满分 25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jackie Oelfke, a retired bank manager. pays great attentin t develping children’s independent financial awareness frm an early age. She bught a piggy bank (存钱罐) fr every child. She even passed n the gd traditin t her granddaughter. Sunshine Oelfke. When Sunshine was just brn, Jackie Oelfke bught her a large piggy bank. They used the piggy bank as a ty. Later, when Sunshine grew lder, they wuld pur ut cins and play games. When they had small change, they tk the cins back and put them in the mney strage tank. enjying it tirelessly. What they lack is nt mney, but a gd habit. The little girl has always believed in this cncept: even if yu are rich, yu shuld be careful with yur mney.
Tw weeks ag, the 7-year-ld girl emptied her piggy bank nt the living rm flr after schl and immediately started cunting. Jackie thught she was playing as she carefully lined up the cins. but then she saw the girl put the cins int a plastic bag and place it in her backpack. Her mind was s busily engaged that she did nt always knw when she was silent.
“That arused my curisity,” Jackie said. “Nbdy messes with the piggy bank.” After bserving Sunshine at wrk fr a few minutes lnger. Jackie decided t find ut why the little girl brke int her savings.
“What are yu ding with that mney?” Jackie asked her granddaughter with a smile.
“I’m taking it t schl.” Sunshine replied withut lking. She seemed t struggle befre talking t her grandma. The little girl finally stated the real reasn why she needed the mney. “I’m ging t take it fr milk mney. My friend Layla desn’t get milk—her mum desn’t have milk mney and I d.”
As a special guest, Jackie nce went t participate in activities rganized at Sunshine’s schl. Sunshine’s teacher, Rita Hausher, tld her that many students in her class came frm pr families, and she remembered having Layla. At that time, she had the idea f helping them, but she didn’t knw hw t d it mre apprpriately.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Jackie’s heart melted (融化) at Sunshine’s wrds.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Jackie psted a tearful vide nline t explain her granddaughter’s plan.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
Jackie’s heart melted (融化) at Sunshine’s wrds. Chked with strng feelings, Jackie held her sweet granddaughter tightly in her arms. Peple must understand that actins speak luder than wrds. Last week, Jackie and Sunshine met with her teacher. Rita Hausher, and handed her the $30 the kindergartner had saved. There are 20 kids in Sunshine’s class and abut half dn’t get milk. It csts $0.45 a cartn. The ttal adds up t abut $180 a mnth fr every child in the class t have milk every day.
Jackie psted a tearful vide nline t explain her granddaughter’s plan. T her surprise, dzens f peple ffered t dnate t the cause. Within a week, Jackie raised mre than $1,000. Nw every student in Sunshine’s class can get free milk fr the rest f the year. Jackie said Sunshine desn’t see her kind act as a big deal. She was just trying t lk ut fr her friends. “She desn’t understand the effect she’s brught abut,” Jackie said. “But nw she knws she can d whatever she puts her mind t.”
【解析】
【导语】文章主要介绍了在Jackie Oelfke的教育下，从小培养了她的孙女Sunshine在储蓄罐里存钱的好习惯，Sunshine为了自己的朋友清空她的储蓄罐，为她的朋友买牛奶。Jackie和Sunshine一起帮助了班里贫困家庭的学生。她们的故事在网上传开之后，感动了很多人，人们纷纷加入到这一慈善事业中。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“听了Sunshine的话，Jackie的心融化了。”可知，第一段可描写Jackie和Sunshine一起帮助Sunshine班里贫困家庭的学生而采取的行动。
②由第二段首句内容“Jackie在网上发布了一段催人泪下的视频，解释她孙女的计划。”可知，第二段可描写Jackie和Sunshine的故事发布在网上之后，感动了很多人，人们纷纷加入到这一慈善事业中，帮助了Sunshine班里贫困家庭的学生。
2.续写线索：Jackie从小培养她孙女Sunshine在储蓄罐里存钱——Sunshine把存钱罐的钱全部取出来——Jackie问孙女拿所有钱原因——Sunshine解释想帮她朋友Layla换牛奶——Jackie决心帮助贫困家庭的学生——Jackie在网上发布了Sunshine计划的视频——人们加入这一慈善事业中——帮助了Sunshine班里贫困家庭的学生
3.词汇激活
行为类
①理解：understand/cmprehend
②交给：hand/give/pass n
③得到：get/gain/acquire
情绪类
①强烈的情感：strng feelings/strng emtins
②令她吃惊的是：t her surprise/t her astnishment/ t her amazement
【点睛】[高分句型1] Chked with strng feelings, Jackie held her sweet granddaughter tightly in her arms.（运用了过去分词作状语）
[高分句型2] But nw she knws she can d whatever she puts her mind t.（运用了whatever引导宾语从句）
1~5 CAACC 6~10 ABAAB 11~15 ABAAB 16~20 CCBBC
全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2. 请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3. 选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑；非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答；字体工整，笔迹清楚。
4. 考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。
5. 本卷主要考查内容：至拓展创新学程二。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15.
答案是C。
1. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Writer and reader. B. Dctr and patient. C. Teacher and student.
2. Why des the man make the phne call?
A. T place an rder. B. T apply fr a jb. C. T make a cmplaint.
3. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. In a bkstre. B. In a pst ffice. C. In a classrm.
4. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. A new stre. B. Italian dishes. C. Their supper.
5. Why has the man cme back?
A. T study here. B. T travel arund. C. T take a jb.
第二节（共15 小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What will the speakers d tgether?
A. Have dinner. B. Attend a party. C. See a mvie.
7. When will the man pick up the wman?
A. At 5: 00 p. m. B. At 6: 30 p. m. C. At 7: 00 p. m.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What's the wman's jb in England?
A. Imprting wines. B. Building huses. C. Guiding travellers.
9. Hw des the wman usually g t wrk?
A. By bus. B. By car. C. On ft.
10. What is the man's attitude tward his wrk?
A. Negative. B. Favurable. C. Unclear.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Where did Mnica usually have her lunch in high schl?
A. At schl. B. At hme. C. In a restaurant.
12. Wh wuld bring lunch bxes t schl?
A. Eric’s friends. B. Mnica's friends. C. Arthur's friends.
13. Hw lng did Arthur stay in schl every day?
A. Abut 5 hurs. B. Abut 4 hurs. C. Abut 2 hurs.
听第9段材料，回答第14 至16题。
14. When did the man buy his present cmputer?
A. Tw years ag. B. Fur years ag. C. Ten years ag.
15. What des the man mainly use the cmputer t d at present?
A. Play nline games. B. Cllect infrmatin. C. Receive e- mails.
16. What des the man usually buy nline?
A. Fd. B. Clthes. C. Digital prducts.
听第10段材料, 回答第17 至20题。
17. Why did Edwards walk 14 miles every day?
A. T keep healthy. B. T lse weight. C. T get t wrk.
18. What gift did Edwards receive frm the cuple?
A. An ice cream. B. A car. C. A cmputer.
19. Hw did Edwards feel abut the cuple's help?
A. Guilty. B. Mved. C. Embarrassed.
20. What did the cuple wish Edwards t d?
A. G t cllege. B. Pay fr the gift. C. Offer help t thers.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Why Subscribe t Reader’s Digest?
The wrld’s best-lved general-interest publicatin cntains smething fr everyne. Reader’s Digest magazine is bursting with stries, articles, advice, recipes, reviews, tips, jkes and anecdtes. Each issue is small enugh t fit in yur handbag r pcket, but big enugh t keep yu entertained fr weeks n end.
Frm regular clumns packed with infrmatin t gripping (扣人心弦的) human-interest stries and helpful hw-ts, ur magazine ffers knwledge, psitivity and humur. In this mnth’s issue yu’ll find. . .
An interview with Hugh Dancy
The newest additin t the cast f Dwntn Abbey n New Yrk Law& Order, and the nstalgia (怀旧) f playing an English gentleman.
Saving the sund f the Stradivaius
Meet the experts fighting t save the unbeatable sund f histry’s greatest vilins, meeting the lve f her life.
Cmmunity Pwer
Acrss the UK, cmmunities are cming tgether t save their pubs, shps, and mre.
If Grace Dent ruled the wrld
The restaurant critic shares her manifest (宣言) fr wrld dminatin.
SUBSCRIBE TODAY FROM AS LITTLE AS £ 22. 99
Our best price yet — It’s nly £ 22. 99 fr a full ne-year subscriptin — A Saving f ver 50% OFF the usual £ 47. 88 retail price — and what’s mre, we will deliver it direct t yur dr fr free!
If yu dn’t want t cmmit t a full year, we have the perfect taster package.
TRIAL NOW with 3 Issues fr ONLY £ 3!
Plus, make sure yu always keep up t date with all f the tp stries, news and prmtins frm Reader’s Digest by subscribing t ur weekly newsletter.
1. If readers want t knw abut an actr, which ne shuld they read?
A. If Grace Dent ruled the wrld.B. Cmmunity Pwer.
C. Saving the sund f the Stradivaius.D. An interview with Hugh Dancy.
2. Hw much will yu save if yu take ut a full ne-year subscriptin tday?
A. £ 3.B. £ 22. 99.C. £ 24. 89.D. £ 47. 88.
3. What kind f writing is the passage?
A. An intrductin.B. A part f a fictin.
C. A research reprt.D. An advertisement.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章是关于《读者文摘》杂志的介绍和订阅推广。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一个小标题 An interview with Hugh Dancy 中“The newest additin t the cast f Dwntn Abbey n New Yrk, Law& Order, and the nstalgia (怀旧) f playing an English gentleman. (《唐顿庄园》《法律与秩序》的新成员，以及对扮演英国绅士的怀念。)”可知，想了解一个演员，需要看 An interview with Hugh Dancy。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Our best price yet — It’s nly £ 22. 99 fr a full ne- year subscriptin — A Saving f ver 50% OFF the usual £ 47. 88 retail price(我们最优惠的价格——全年订阅只需22. 99英镑——比通常的47. 88英镑零售价节省50%以上)”可知，如果你今天就全额订购一年，你可以节省 47. 88-22. 99=£ 24. 89。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章标题“Why Subscribe t Reader’s Digest?(为什么订阅《读者文摘》?)”及全文可知，文章先简单介绍了读者文摘，以及列举了其中一期的内容，最后两部分重点介绍了订阅费用，所以是通过介绍《读者文摘》使读者订阅的广告。故选D。
B
Fr the 70 percent f the wrld's ppulatin withut any chance f using electric washing machines, keeping up with laundry takes up a lt f time. And it is ften a painful physical task. The task falls unreasnably t wmen and girls, wh can spend 20 hurs a week washing clthes, ften withut electricity r running water. Lndn engineer Navjt Sawhney, hwever, has cme up with an idea: a prtable and lightweight washing machine that is similar t a plastic drum. It als des duble duty as a dryer, and csts arund $60.
31- year- ld Sawhney calls it the Divya, after the wman wh inspired the prject—his frmer next- dr neighbur in Suth India, where he spent a year vlunteering after leaving his jb as an engineer at high- end vacuum (真空吸尘器) maker Dysn. “When I gt t knw Divya, I was s sad abut all the unpaid wrk she needed t d—cleaning clthes,” says Sawhney. In 2018, he returned t the United Kingdm t fund “The Washing Machine Prject”, which is develping a washing slutin that will be affrdable, prtable and accessible fr everyne, everywhere. After a few mnths f develping a mdel, he received sme mney frm Oxfam's Iraq Respnse Innvatin Lab.
Since March 2019, mre than 150 Divyas have been given ut t refugees in Iraq thrugh nn- prfit partners. “The respnse was great,” Sawhney says. His gal is t deliver 8, 000 machines in 10 cuntries ver the next three years. By saving 75 percent f the time and 50 percent f the water required t wash clthes, he says, wmen and girls will be freer t accept educatin.
Aside frm the Divya, Sawhney has als wrked n making fuel- efficient ckstves, and plans t develp refrigeratrs, cnditiners, and lighting. Sawhney sees the wrld's grwing refugee crisis as a call fr innvatin: “There is a huge need fr appliances that make life better fr peple.”
4. What did Navjt Sawhney d t help the wmen in India?
A. He vlunteered t wash clthes fr them.
B. He prvided them with free access t educatin.
C. He called n peple in his cmmunity t dnate clthes.
D. He wrked ut a slutin by inventing a washing machine.
5. What inspired Navjt Sawhney t fund the prject?
A. His neighbur's experience.B. His previus wrk in Dysn.
C. The supprt f a science lab.D. The request f refugees in Iraq.
6. What can we infer abut the prject in Paragraph 3?
A. It is highly praised.B. It fcuses n educatin.
C. It has created many jbs.D. It has earned a lt f mney.
7. Which f the fllwing can best describe Navjt Sawhney?
A. Selfless and hnest.B. Helpful and serius.
C. Caring and creative.D. Thughtful and strict.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。英国工程师 Navjt Sawhney在印度贫民窟受到启发，发明了一款便携式洗衣机。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。 根据第一段的 “Lndn engineer Navjt Sawhney, hwever, has cme up with an idea: a prtable and lightweight washing machine that is similar t a plastic drum.(然而，伦敦的工程师纳夫乔特·索赫尼想出了一个想法：一台类似于塑料鼓的便携式轻质洗衣机。)” 可知，为了帮助印度的妇女, Navjt Sawhney 发明了一种洗衣机来解决这个问题。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的 “31- year- ld Sawhney calls it the Divya, after the wman wh inspired the prject— his frmer next- dr neighbur in Suth India, where he spent a year vlunteering after leaving his jb as an engineer at high- end vacuum maker Dysn.(31岁的索尼称之为“Divya”，因为这个项目的灵感来源——他在印度南部的前邻居，在辞去高端真空制造商戴森的工程师工作后，他在那里花了一年时间做志愿者。)” 可知，Navjt Sawhney 在印度做志愿服务时看到邻居的洗衣经历，让他有了创立“洗衣机项目”的灵感。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的 “Since March 2019, mre than 150 Divyas have been given ut t refugees in Iraq thrugh nn- prfit partners. ‘The respnse was great, ’ Sawhney says.(自2019年3月以来，已有150多名迪维亚人通过非营利性合作伙伴发放给了在伊拉克的难民。索赫尼说，反响很好。)” 可知，这款洗衣机反响很好，由此推知，该项目得到很高的评价。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。文中讲述了 Navjt Sawhney为了帮助印度贫困地区的妇女洗衣服而发明了洗衣机，由此可推知，他既有爱心又很有创造力。故选C。
C
Our brains have an “aut- crrect” feature that we use when re- interpreting ambiguus (含混不清的) sunds, accrding t new research. The study sheds light n hw the brain uses infrmatin gathered after the discvering f an initial sund t aid speech cmprehensin. The findings pint t new ways we use infrmatin and cntext t aid in speech cmprehensin.
“What a persn thinks they hear des nt always match the actual signals that reach the ear,” explains lead authr Laura Gwilliams. “This is because the brain re-evaluates the interpretatin f a speech sund at the mment each fllwing speech sund is heard in rder t update interpretatins as necessary,” Gwilliams says.
It’s well knwn that the perceptin f a speech sund is determined by its surrunding cntext — in the frm f wrds, sentences and ther speech sunds. This plays ut in everyday life — when we talk, the actual speech we prduce is ften ambiguus. Fr example, when a friend says she has a “dent (凹痕) ” in her car, yu may hear “tent”. Althugh this kind f ambiguity happens regularly, we, as listeners, are hardly aware f it. “This is because the brain autmatically reslves the ambiguity fr us — it picks an interpretatin and that’s what we perceive t hear, ” explains Gwilliams. “The way the brain des this is by using the surrunding cntext t narrw dwn the pssibilities f what the speaker may mean.”
In the study, the researchers sught t understand hw the brain uses this fllwing infrmatin t adjust ur perceptin f what we initially heard. T d this, they cnducted a series f experiments in which the subjects listened t islated syllables and similarly sunding wrds. Their results prduced three primary findings: The brain’s primary auditry crtex (听觉皮层) is sensitive t hw ambiguus a speech sund is at just 50 millisecnds after the sund’s appearance. The brain “replays” previus speech sunds while interpreting the fllwing nes, suggesting re-evaluatin as the rest f the wrd unflds. The brain makes cmmitments t its “best guess” f hw t interpret the signal after abut half a secnd.
8. What is the study mainly abut?
A. Why sme peple prcess infrmatin faster.B. Hw brains tell apart useful infrmatin.
C. Hw brains understand unclear wrds.D. Why peple make unclear sunds.
9. What des the authr want t shw by giving the example in Paragraph 3?
A. Peple are likely t mistake a wrd fr smething familiar.
B. Peple can understand thers even if they mishear a wrd.
C. Peple are mre likely t mishear their friends.
D. It is nrmal fr peple t make unclear sunds.
10. What d we knw abut the unclear wrds in the experiments?
A. They stpped us thinking further.B. They led t misunderstanding.
C. They were nticed instantly.D. They seemed t be useless.
11. What des the underlined part “the signal” in the last paragraph refer t?
A. The fllwing speech sund.B. The unclearly sunding wrd.
C. The similarly sunding wrd.D. The islated syllable.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了根据一项新研究，我们的大脑在重新解释模棱两可的声音时会使用一种“自动纠正”功能。文章介绍了研究开展的过程以及发现。
8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Our brains have an “aut- crrect” feature that we use when re- interpreting ambiguus (含混不清的) sunds, accrding t new research. The study sheds light n hw the brain uses infrmatin gathered after the discvering f an initial sund t aid speech cmprehensin.(新研究表明，我们的大脑具有一种“自动纠正”功能，该功能在我们重新解释含混不清的声音时会发挥作用。该研究揭示了大脑如何利用在发现初始声音后收集到的信息来帮助理解语言)”可知，这项研究的主要内容是大脑如何理解不清晰的词语。故选C项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“It’s well knwn that the perceptin f a speech sund is determined by its surrunding cntext—in the frm f wrds, sentences and ther speech sunds. This plays ut in everyday life—when we talk, the actual speech we prduce is ften ambiguus. Fr example, when a friend says she has a “dent (凹痕) ” in her car, yu may hear “tent”. Althugh this kind f ambiguity happens regularly, we, as listeners, are hardly aware f it. “This is because the brain autmatically reslves the ambiguity fr us— it picks an interpretatin and that’s what we perceive t hear, ” explains Gwilliams. “The way the brain des this is by using the surrunding cntext t narrw dwn the pssibilities f what the speaker may mean.”(众所周知，对语音的感知是由其周围的语境决定的，这些语境以单词、句子和其他语音的形式存在。这在我们的日常生活中随处可见——当我们说话时，我们实际说出的内容往往很模糊。例如，当朋友说她车上有“凹痕”时，你可能会听到“帐篷”。尽管这种模糊性经常发生，但我们作为听众几乎不会意识到这一点。“这是因为大脑会自动为我们解决这种模糊性——它会选择一种解释，而这就是我们感知到的内容，”格威廉姆斯解释道。“大脑这样做的方式是利用周围的语境来缩小说话者可能表达的意思范围。”)”可推知，作者想通过第三段的例子说明即使听错了一个词，人们也能听懂别人说的话。故选B项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Their results prduced three primary findings: The brain’s primary auditry crtex (听觉皮层) is sensitive t hw ambiguus a speech sund is at just 50 millisecnds after the sund’s appearance. The brain “replays” previus speech sunds while interpreting the fllwing nes, suggesting re-evaluatin as the rest f the wrd unflds. The brain makes cmmitments t its “best guess” f hw t interpret the signal after abut half a secnd.(他们的研究结果产生了三个主要发现：大脑的初级听觉皮层在声音出现50毫秒后就对语音的歧义程度很敏感。大脑在解释接下来的声音时“重播”之前的声音，暗示随着单词的展开重新评估。大脑会在半秒后做出“最佳猜测”来解释信号)”可知，实验中不清楚的单词很快就被注意到了。故选C项。
【11题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Their results prduced three primary findings: The brain’s primary auditry crtex (听觉皮层) is sensitive t hw ambiguus a speech sund is at just 50 millisecnds after the sund’s appearance. The brain “replays” previus speech sunds while interpreting the fllwing nes, suggesting re-evaluatin as the rest f the wrd unflds.(他们的研究结果产生了三个主要发现：大脑的初级听觉皮层在声音出现50毫秒后就对语音的歧义程度很敏感。大脑在解释接下来的声音时“重播”之前的声音，暗示随着单词的展开重新评估)”可知，他们的研究结果产生了三个主要发现：大脑的初级听觉皮层在声音出现50毫秒后就对语音的模糊程度很敏感。大脑在解释接下来的声音时“重播”之前的声音，暗示随着单词的展开重新评估。大脑会在半秒后做出“最佳猜测”来解释发音不清楚的单词。故划线词意思“发音不清楚的单词”。故选B项。
D
On Inaccessible Island, yu hear the sund f the Inaccessible Island rails (秧鸡) everywhere. The small flightless birds mve arund, feeding n wrms and berries. During a trip in 2011, it tk days fr Stervander, then a dctral student, t spt ne. “Even then, yu see smething little and dark, running fr a secnd, and that’s abut it,” he says. Catching ne, thugh, prved easy. When scientists played a recrding f the bird’s call, a male and female ran int the net a few minutes later.
Inaccessible Island rails live nly n Inaccessible Island. “N ne knew the histry,” says Stervander, nw a research fellw at the University f Oregn. He aimed t answer the questin abut these birds: Hw did they get t Inaccessible Island t begin with?
The first scientist t describe the rail was Percy Lwe. He thught the bird was frm Africa and had always been flightless. In his view, it had arrived at the island by walking ver land bridges. But nw the science f plate tectnics (板块构造论) suggests that’s nt the case. In a recent paper, Stervander and his clleagues give evidence fr a different versin.
After studying the genme (基因组) f the rails, scientists fund the Inaccessible Island rail’s clsest relative — the crake in Uruguay. Bth birds are related t the black rail in America. The finding suggests the ancestrs f these birds culd fly. That means Inaccessible Island rails flew t their present hme, and like many birds living n islands with n predatrs (捕食者), they gradually lst the ability t fly. Flying takes energy, s if there’s n reasn t fly, it’s mre practical nt t.
On this island, there’s a grwing ppulatin f rails, but they’re fragile. Shuld a predatr reach the island, it culd make quick wrk f the birds. Peple n nearby islands are careful t avid intrducing any predatrs t Inaccessible Island, and the risk is lw, given hw hard it is t get there. Fr nw, the rails live peacefully in a place where few humans are eager t g.
12. What can we learn abut the Inaccessible Island rails?
A. They are hard t trap.B. They can be seen everywhere.
C. They mve arund quickly.D. They are nt afraid f humans.
13. What caused the Inaccessible Island rails t becme flightless?
A. Their lack f energy.B. Their living envirnment.
C. Their way t search fr fd.D. Their cnnectin with their ancestrs.
14. Which best describes the present situatin f the Inaccessible Island rails?
A Safe.B. Tugh.C. Unexpected.D. Dangerus.
15. What’s the best title fr the text?
A. The Develpment f Rails n Inaccessible Island
B. The Need t Prtect Flightless Inaccessible Island Rails
C. Hw Did the Flightless Bird Get t Inaccessible Island?
D. Why are Inaccessible Island Rails Limited n the Island?
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章描述了在伊纳克塞瑟布尔岛生活的一种无法飞行的秧鸡，并分析了它们到达岛屿的方法和不会飞行的原因。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段““Even then, yu see smething little and dark, running fr a secnd, and that’s abut it,” he says.(“即使在那个时候，你也会看到一个又小又黑的东西在跑，仅此而已，”他说)”可知，岛上的秧鸡行动敏捷，被人们看到后转眼就跑没影了。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“That means Inaccessible Island rails flew t their present hme, and like many birds living n islands with n predatrs (捕食者), they gradually lst the ability t fly.(这意味着伊纳克塞瑟布尔岛的秧鸡飞到了它们现在的家，就像许多生活在没有捕食者的岛屿上的鸟类一样，它们逐渐失去了飞行的能力)”可知，秧鸡的生活环境让它们逐渐失去了飞行的能力。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Peple n nearby islands are careful t avid intrducing any predatrs t Inaccessible Island, and the risk is lw, given hw hard it is t get there. Fr nw, the rails live peacefully in a place where few humans are eager t g.(附近岛屿上的人们小心翼翼地避免将任何捕食者引入伊纳克塞瑟布尔岛，考虑到到达那里的难度，风险很低。目前，这些秧鸡平静地生活在一个很少有人愿意去的地方)”推知，岛上没有捕食者，也几乎没有人类到达，所以它们目前是很安全的。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“He aimed t answer the questin abut these birds: Hw did they get t Inaccessible Island t begin with?(他的目的是回答关于这些鸟的问题：它们是如何到达伊纳克塞瑟布尔岛的？)”和全文内容可知，文章主要就在伊纳克塞瑟布尔岛生活的没有飞行能力的秧鸡是如何到达这座岛屿的话题展开讨论，介绍了科学家的相关研究发现。由此可知，Hw Did the Flightless Bird Get t Inaccessible Island?(不会飞的鸟是如何到伊纳克塞瑟布尔岛的？)适合作本文最佳标题。故选C。
第二节（共5 小题；每小题 2. 5分，满分 12. 5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Are wrms the heres we didn’t knw we needed? Silent, slimy and wriggling (扭动), yu might think that wrms are gd fr nthing except bait (诱饵) n the end f a fishing ple. ____16____
The British naturalist Charles Darwin said that n ther animal has “played such an imprtant part in the histry f the wrld as these lwly rganised creatures”. They have lived n Earth fr 600 millin years and have even survived five mass extinctins. ____17____
Earthwrms literally mve the earth, and this is why farmers lve them. As they travel, they aerate (使透气) the sil by lsening, mixing and xygenating it. ____18____ They are effectively a small but very efficient plugh (犁). But it’s nt just earthwrms that deserve praise.
In 2022, a grup f scientists at the Margarita Salas Centre fr Bilgical Research islated enzymes (酶) fund in wax wrm saliva (唾液) which are plastic-eating. _____19_____ It’s hped that by prducing these enzymes n an industry-level scale, we will have a mre envirnmentally friendly way t reduce plastic pllutin.
_____20_____ Bldwrms are small sea creatures which press themselves int the mud f the cean flr. Scientists at the University f Califrnia, Santa Barbara have been studying their jaws, which are made up f 10% cpper prteins (铜蛋白) and are s strng that they last the wrm’s entire five-year lifespan. Because f this research, engineers may start using the jaws as inspiratin fr the design and manufacture f materials like cncrete.
S, next time yu see a wrm, shw it a little respect. They really are changing the wrld!
A. S, what d wrms d that is s great?
B. Wrms have a lifespan f a few mnths.
C. And wrms are even inspiring the building industry.
D. It increases the grund’s capacity t hld and empty water.
E. Hwever, there is mre t the humble wrm than meets the eye.
F. Humans prduce mre than 300 millin tns f plastic every year.
G. These can break dwn a very cmmn plastic that nrmally breaks dwn ver many years.
【答案】16. E 17. A 18. D 19. G 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了不起眼的蠕虫实际上是我们需要的英雄，它们可以疏松土壤，更快地分解难以降解的塑料，甚至为建筑行业提供灵感。
【16题详解】
前文“Are wrms the heres we didn’t knw we needed? Silent, slimy and wriggling (扭动), yu might think that wrms are gd fr nthing except bait (诱饵) n the end f a fishing ple. (蠕虫是我们不知道自己需要的英雄吗？沉默、黏糊糊、蠕动着，你可能会认为蠕虫除了在鱼竿末端做诱饵外别无用处)”提到人们通常认为蠕虫没有特别的用处，后文段落具体介绍了蠕虫的大作用。因此E项“Hwever, there is mre t the humble wrm than meets the eye. (然而，这条不起眼的蠕虫并不像我们看到的那么简单)”符合语境，指出蠕虫其实并不简单，和前文构成转折，引出后文段落内容。故选E。
【17题详解】
前文“The British naturalist Charles Darwin said that n ther animal has “played such an imprtant part in the histry f the wrld as these lwly rganised creatures”. They have lived n Earth fr 600 millin years and have even survived five mass extinctins. (英国博物学家查尔斯·达尔文说，没有其他动物“在世界历史上扮演过像这些低等组织生物这样重要的角色”。它们在地球上生活了6亿年，甚至在五次大灭绝中幸存下来)”引用达尔文的话，强调蠕虫的重要性，并提到蠕虫顽强的生存能力，后文段落介绍蠕虫的奇特之处。因此A项“S, what d wrms d that is s great? (那么，蠕虫有什么了不起的地方呢)”符合语境，承接前文，以问题的形式引出对蠕虫了不起之处的探究，引出后文的具体介绍。故选A。
【18题详解】
前文“Earthwrms literally mve the earth, and this is why farmers lve them. As they travel, they aerate (使透气) the sil by lsening, mixing and xygenating it. (蚯蚓可以移动土地，这就是为什么农民喜欢它们。在移动过程中，它们通过松动、混合和充氧使土壤透气)”介绍蚯蚓帮助松动土壤，让土壤透气。因此D项“It increases the grund’s capacity t hld and empty water. (这增加了地面蓄水和排水的能力)”符合语境，指出这样对地面蓄水和排水方面的帮助，承接前文。故选D。
【19题详解】
前文“In 2022, a grup f scientists at the Margarita Salas Centre fr Bilgical Research islated enzymes (酶) fund in wax wrm saliva (唾液) which are plastic-eating. (2022年，Margarita Salas生物研究中心的一组科学家从蜡虫唾液中分离出了能吃塑料的酶。)”提到科学家们分离出了能吃塑料的酶。因此G项“These can break dwn a very cmmn plastic that nrmally breaks dwn ver many years. (它们可以分解一种很常见的塑料，这种塑料通常需要很多年才能分解)”符合语境，介绍这种酶的巨大作用，承接前文，其中These指代前文的enzymes。故选G。
【20题详解】
空处位于段首，应该是段落中心句，和前面两个段落并列，继续介绍蠕虫的大作用。后文“Scientists at the University f Califrnia, Santa Barbara have been studying their jaws, which are made up f 10% cpper prteins (铜蛋白) and are s strng that they last the wrm’s entire five-year lifespan. Because f this research, engineers may start using the jaws as inspiratin fr the design and manufacture f materials like cncrete. (加州大学圣巴巴拉分校的科学家们一直在研究它们的下颚，它们的下颚由10%的铜蛋白质组成，非常坚固，可以维持这种蠕虫整整五年的寿命。由于这项研究，工程师们可能会开始使用颚作为设计和制造混凝土等材料的灵感)”主要介绍通过研究这种下颚，工程师们得到一些建筑方面的灵感。因此C项“And wrms are even inspiring the building industry. (蠕虫甚至给建筑行业带来了灵感)”符合语境，契合后文内容。故选C。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30 分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分 15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A few mnths ag, I was dwn with a terrible cld which ended in a bad cugh. N matter hw many different medicines I tried, I ___21___ culdn’t get rid f the cugh. Nt nly did it ___22___ my teaching but als my life as a whle.
Then ne day after class, a student came up t me and ___23___ traditinal Chinese medicine. Frm her descriptin, Chinese medicine sunded as if it had magic pwer that ___24___. I was ___25___ because I knew s little abut it and have never tried it befre. ___26___, my cugh gt s much wrse that I culdn’t sleep at night, s I decided t give it a ___27___. The Chinese dctr tk my pulse and asked t see my tngue, bth f which were new experience t me because they are bth ___28___ in Western medicine, where diagnsis relies heavily n ___29___. Then the dctr gave me a scraping (刮) treatment knwn as “Gua Sha”. I was a little ___30___ at first because he used a smth edged tl t scrape the skin n my neck and shulders.
A few minutes later, the treatment started t prduce a ___31___ effect and my bdy and mind began t sink deeper int ___32___. I didn’t feel any imprvement in my ___33___ in the first cuple f days, but after a few mre regular visits t the dctr, my cugh started t ___34___. Then within a matter f weeks, it was cmpletely ___35___!
21. A. stillB. evenC. currentlyD. certainly
22. A. facilitateB. benefitC. incnvenienceD. change
23. A. recmmendedB. sldC. prescribedD. adpted
24. A. set trendsB. brught rewardsC. changed rulesD. wrked wnders
25. A. excitedB. hesitantC. ptimisticD. nervus
26. A. CnsequentlyB. EventuallyC. AdmittedlyD. Surprisingly
27. A. breakB. lkC. shtD. miss
28. A. frequently-usedB. nnexistentC. highly-recmmendedD. nneffective
29. A. dctrsB. hspitalsC. symptmsD. machines
30. A. unsatisfiedB. tiredC. disappintedD. scared
31. A. relievingB. damagingC. stimulatingD. cling
32. A. relaxatinB. painC. uneasinessD. depressin
33. A. capabilityB. strengthC. cnditinD. circumstance
34. A. wrsenB. lessenC. lengthenD. quicken
35. A. unexpectedB. fineC. differentD. gne
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. D 31. A 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者咳嗽了很久且多少药都不管用。咳嗽严重影响了作者的教学和生活。后来在学生的推荐下，作者去看了中医。经过几周治疗，作者完全康复。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不管我试了多少药，我还是治不好咳嗽。A. still仍然；B. even甚至；C. currently当前；D. certainly当然。根据“N matter hw many different medicines I tried”可知，不管作者用了多少不同的药，仍然治不好咳嗽。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这不仅给我的教学带来了不便，也给我的整个生活带来了不便。A. facilitate促进；B. benefit使受益；C. incnvenience给……带来不便；D. change改变。根据前文“I ___1___ culdn’t get rid f the cugh.”可知，咳嗽给作者的教学和整个生活都带来了不便。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来有一天下课后，一个学生走过来向我推荐中医。A. recmmended推荐；B. sld出售；C. prescribed开处方；D. adpted采用。根据后文“Frm her descriptin, Chinese medicine sunded as if it had magic pwer that ___4___.”可知，有一天下课，一个学生来找作者并推荐了中医。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：从她的描述中，中医听起来好像有神奇的力量，可以创造奇迹。A. set trends引领潮流；B. brught rewards带来回报；C. changed rules改变规则；D. wrked wnders创造奇迹。根据“as if it had magic pwer”可知，中医听起来好像有产生奇妙的作用的神奇力量。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很犹豫，因为我对它知之甚少，以前也从未尝试过。A. excited兴奋的；B. hesitant犹豫的；C. ptimistic乐观的；D. nervus紧张的。根据后文“because I knew s little abut it and have never tried it befre.”可知，作者以前从未尝试过中医，所以很犹豫。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，我的咳嗽越来越严重，晚上睡不着觉，所以我决定试一试。A. Cnsequently因此；B. Eventually最终；C. Admittedly诚然，无可否认；D. Surprisingly令人惊讶地。根据“my cugh gt s much wrse that I culdn’t sleep at night”可知，最后作者的咳嗽越来越严重，晚上睡不着觉。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，我的咳嗽越来越严重，晚上睡不着觉，所以我决定试一试。A. break休息；B. lk看；C. sht射击；D. miss错过。根据下文“The Chinese dctr tk my pulse and asked t see my tngue”可知，作者决定试一试。短语give it a sht“试一试，尝试一下”。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：中国医生为我把脉，并要求看一下我的舌头，这对我来说都是新的体验，因为在西医中，诊断严重依赖机器，这两项都是不存在的。A. frequently-used经常使用的；B. nnexistent不存在的；C. highly-recmmended极力推荐的；D. nneffective无效的。根据“bth f which were new experience t me”可知，把脉和看舌头这两种情况在西医里都是不存在的。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：中国医生为我把脉，并要求看一下我的舌头，这对我来说都是新的体验，因为在西医中，诊断严重依赖机器，这两项都是不存在的。A. dctrs医生；B. hspitals医院；C. symptms症状；D. machines机器。根据“in Western medicine”以及结合常识可知，西医是严重依赖机器的诊断。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始我有点害怕，因为他用一个光滑的工具刮我脖子和肩膀上的皮肤。A. unsatisfied不满意的；B. tired疲倦的；C. disappinted失望的；D. scared害怕的。根据“because he used a smth edged tl t scrape the skin n my neck and shulders.”以及下文“A few minutes later, the treatment started t prduce a ___11___ effect and my bdy and mind began t sink deeper int ___12___.”可知，作者第一次看中医，看到医生用一个光滑的工具刮脖子和肩膀上的皮肤，感到害怕。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，治疗开始产生缓解效果，我的身心开始更加放松。A. relieving缓解的；B. damaging损害的，有破坏性的；C. stimulating刺激的；D. cling凉爽的，冷静的。根据后文“Then within a matter f weeks, it was cmpletely ___15___!”可知，作者的咳嗽完全好了，由此可知，此处指医生的治疗产生了缓解效果。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，治疗开始产生缓解效果，我的身心开始更加放松。A. relaxatin放松；B. pain疼痛；C. uneasiness不安；D. depressin抑郁。根据上文“A few minutes later, the treatment started t prduce a ___11___ effect”以及下文“Then within a matter f weeks, it was cmpletely ___15___!”可知，治疗开始产生缓解效果，作者的身心开始更加放松。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在最初的几天里，我感觉自己的病情没有任何改善，但在多去看了几次医生后，我的咳嗽开始减轻。A. capability能力；B. strength力量；C. cnditin条件；D. circumstance情况。情况。根据上文“I didn’t feel any imprvement”可知，作者感觉自己的病情没有任何改善。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在最初的几天里，我感觉自己的病情没有任何改善，但在多去看了几次医生后，我的咳嗽开始减轻。A. wrsen恶化；B. lessen(使)减少，减轻；C. lengthen延长；D. quicken加快。根据“I didn’t feel any imprvement in my ___13____ in the first cuple f days, but after a few mre regular visits t the dctr”可知，最初的几天里，作者感觉自己的病情没有任何改善，但在多去看了几次医生后，作者的咳嗽开始减轻。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后在几周内，它就完全消失了！A. unexpected意外的；B. fine好的；C. different不同的；D. gne消失的。根据前文“but after a few mre regular visits t the dctr, my cugh started t ___1___.”可知，作者的咳嗽开始减轻，几个星期后，应是消失了。故选D项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Spending time in the great utdrs is a full-n sensry experience with endless skies, beautiful frests, the sunds f the wind and the warm feeling f sunrays _____36_____ (rest) n yur face. In additin t nature’s _____37_____ (enjy) sights, sunds and sensatins, the familiar smells f nature can be just as appealing. In fact, a recent study fund that nature desn’t just smell gd, but its fragrances make peple feel gd as well.
The researchers frm the University f Kent in the UK _____38_____ (send) 194 participants t relax in the wdlands thrughut the fur seasns. The participants reprted feeling relaxed when they smelled _____39_____they described as “fresh air” r “earthy” smells. Accrding t the study, these smells brught back fun memries f their childhds. ____40____instance, pine trees made sme participants think abut Christmas.
“We fund that smells affected multiple fields f well-being with physical well-being discussed mst_____41_____ (frequent), particularly in relatin t relaxatin, cmfrt and rejuvenatin (恢复活力),” wrte the researchers in the study. They als fund that peple feel mre settled in a smell-free zne, with this result pssibly _____42_____ (link) t the absence f bad- smelling urban smells, like pllutin.
Dr Jessica Fisher, study c-authr, pinted ut these results culd _____43_____ (apply) in future practice. In his pinin, when_____44_____ cmes t enjying a hike in the wds r a picnic under the pen skies, it pays _____45_____ (keep) nt nly ne’s eyes and ears, but als ne’s nse, pen.
【答案】36. resting
37. enjyable
38. sent 39. what
40. Fr 41. frequently
42. linked 43. be applied
44. it 45. t keep
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明，大自然芳香的气味能改善幸福感。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：花时间在户外是一种全方位的感官体验，无尽的天空，美丽的森林，风的声音和温暖的阳光照在你的脸上。sunrays与空白处所填词在逻辑上是主谓关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。故填resting。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：除了大自然令人愉快的景象、声音和感觉之外，大自然熟悉的气味也同样具有吸引力。空白处所填词在文中作定语修饰“sights, sunds and sensatins”，故填形容词enjyable。故填enjyable。
【38题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：来自英国肯特大学的研究人员让194名参与者在一年四季都在森林里放松。根据下一句中的“The participants reprted. . . ”可知，谓语动词动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时。故填sent。
【39题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：参与者报告说，当他们闻到他们所说的“新鲜空气”或“泥土”气味时，他们感到放松。空白处所填词引导宾语从句，且在从句中作described的宾语，指物，应用连接代词what引导，故填what。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：例如，松树让一些参与者想起了圣诞节。fr instance意为“例如”，首字母应大写。故填Fr。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：“我们发现，气味会影响多个领域的健康，其中最常被讨论的是身体健康，尤其是与放松、舒适和恢复活力有关的健康，”研究人员在研究中写道。空白处所填词作状语修饰动词“discussed”，故填副词frequently。故填frequently。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们还发现，人们在没有气味的地方感觉更安定，这种结果可能与没有城市难闻的气味有关，比如污染。此处是“with+宾语+宾补”复合结构作状语，link和宾语this result之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作宾补。故填linked。
【43题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：该研究的合著者Jessica Fisher博士指出，这些结果可以应用于未来的实践。“these results”是“apply”动作的承受者, 故用被动语态；情态动词culd在此用于表示“可能性”，后接动词原形。故填be applied。
【44题详解】
考查代词。句意：在他看来，当谈到享受在树林里远足或在开阔的天空下野餐时，不仅要睁大眼睛和耳朵，还要睁大鼻子。when it cmes t. . . 为固定句型，意为“谈到，涉及……”。故填it。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。句中it作形式主语，空白处用不定式作真正主语。故填t keep。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分 15 分）
46. 假定你是李华，你校广播站将增加15分钟的英语节目(Special English)。请你给负责的外教Bb写一个邮件，内容包括：
1. 对该举措态度；
2. 对内容的建议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Bb,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Bb,
I am glad t hear the news f the upcming additin f Special English. This nt nly increases the pprtunities fr ur students t practice English listening, but als enriches ur campus cultural atmsphere.
Given the limited time, I think the cntent shuld nt nly be nvel but als shrt, including campus news, student interviews, English knwledge and ther frms. At the same time, we shuld cnstantly listen t the pinins f ur schlmates and stimulate their enthusiasm fr learning English.
I believe that under yur guidance, this prgram will becme better and better.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给负责学校广播站的外教Bb写一个邮件，表明对增加15分钟英语节目的态度和建议。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
机会：chance →pprtunity
观点：view→pinin
环境：envirnment→atmsphere
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I think the cntent shuld nt nly be nvel but als shrt including campus news, student interviews, English knwledge and ther frms.
拓展句：I think the cntent shuld nt nly be nvel but als shrt, which includes campus news, student interviews, English knwledge and ther frms.
【点睛】【高分句型1】This nt nly increases the pprtunities fr ur students t practice English listening, but als enriches ur campus cultural atmsphere.（运用了nt als连接的并列谓语）
【高分句型2】I believe that under yur guidance, this prgram will becme better and better.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
第二节（满分 25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jackie Oelfke, a retired bank manager. pays great attentin t develping children’s independent financial awareness frm an early age. She bught a piggy bank (存钱罐) fr every child. She even passed n the gd traditin t her granddaughter. Sunshine Oelfke. When Sunshine was just brn, Jackie Oelfke bught her a large piggy bank. They used the piggy bank as a ty. Later, when Sunshine grew lder, they wuld pur ut cins and play games. When they had small change, they tk the cins back and put them in the mney strage tank. enjying it tirelessly. What they lack is nt mney, but a gd habit. The little girl has always believed in this cncept: even if yu are rich, yu shuld be careful with yur mney.
Tw weeks ag, the 7-year-ld girl emptied her piggy bank nt the living rm flr after schl and immediately started cunting. Jackie thught she was playing as she carefully lined up the cins. but then she saw the girl put the cins int a plastic bag and place it in her backpack. Her mind was s busily engaged that she did nt always knw when she was silent.
“That arused my curisity,” Jackie said. “Nbdy messes with the piggy bank.” After bserving Sunshine at wrk fr a few minutes lnger. Jackie decided t find ut why the little girl brke int her savings.
“What are yu ding with that mney?” Jackie asked her granddaughter with a smile.
“I’m taking it t schl.” Sunshine replied withut lking. She seemed t struggle befre talking t her grandma. The little girl finally stated the real reasn why she needed the mney. “I’m ging t take it fr milk mney. My friend Layla desn’t get milk—her mum desn’t have milk mney and I d.”
As a special guest, Jackie nce went t participate in activities rganized at Sunshine’s schl. Sunshine’s teacher, Rita Hausher, tld her that many students in her class came frm pr families, and she remembered having Layla. At that time, she had the idea f helping them, but she didn’t knw hw t d it mre apprpriately.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Jackie’s heart melted (融化) at Sunshine’s wrds.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Jackie psted a tearful vide nline t explain her granddaughter’s plan.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One pssible versin:
Jackie’s heart melted (融化) at Sunshine’s wrds. Chked with strng feelings, Jackie held her sweet granddaughter tightly in her arms. Peple must understand that actins speak luder than wrds. Last week, Jackie and Sunshine met with her teacher. Rita Hausher, and handed her the $30 the kindergartner had saved. There are 20 kids in Sunshine’s class and abut half dn’t get milk. It csts $0.45 a cartn. The ttal adds up t abut $180 a mnth fr every child in the class t have milk every day.
Jackie psted a tearful vide nline t explain her granddaughter’s plan. T her surprise, dzens f peple ffered t dnate t the cause. Within a week, Jackie raised mre than $1,000. Nw every student in Sunshine’s class can get free milk fr the rest f the year. Jackie said Sunshine desn’t see her kind act as a big deal. She was just trying t lk ut fr her friends. “She desn’t understand the effect she’s brught abut,” Jackie said. “But nw she knws she can d whatever she puts her mind t.”
【解析】
【导语】文章主要介绍了在Jackie Oelfke的教育下，从小培养了她的孙女Sunshine在储蓄罐里存钱的好习惯，Sunshine为了自己的朋友清空她的储蓄罐，为她的朋友买牛奶。Jackie和Sunshine一起帮助了班里贫困家庭的学生。她们的故事在网上传开之后，感动了很多人，人们纷纷加入到这一慈善事业中。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“听了Sunshine的话，Jackie的心融化了。”可知，第一段可描写Jackie和Sunshine一起帮助Sunshine班里贫困家庭的学生而采取的行动。
②由第二段首句内容“Jackie在网上发布了一段催人泪下的视频，解释她孙女的计划。”可知，第二段可描写Jackie和Sunshine的故事发布在网上之后，感动了很多人，人们纷纷加入到这一慈善事业中，帮助了Sunshine班里贫困家庭的学生。
2.续写线索：Jackie从小培养她孙女Sunshine在储蓄罐里存钱——Sunshine把存钱罐的钱全部取出来——Jackie问孙女拿所有钱原因——Sunshine解释想帮她朋友Layla换牛奶——Jackie决心帮助贫困家庭的学生——Jackie在网上发布了Sunshine计划的视频——人们加入这一慈善事业中——帮助了Sunshine班里贫困家庭的学生
3.词汇激活
行为类
①理解：understand/cmprehend
②交给：hand/give/pass n
③得到：get/gain/acquire
情绪类
①强烈的情感：strng feelings/strng emtins
②令她吃惊的是：t her surprise/t her astnishment/ t her amazement
【点睛】[高分句型1] Chked with strng feelings, Jackie held her sweet granddaughter tightly in her arms.（运用了过去分词作状语）
[高分句型2] But nw she knws she can d whatever she puts her mind t.（运用了whatever引导宾语从句）
1~5 CAACC 6~10 ABAAB 11~15 ABAAB 16~20 CCBBC
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