人教版八年级上册英语Unit 3 I’m more outgoing than my sister.知识点总结-形容词、副词比较级和最高级课件

这是一份人教版八年级上册英语Unit 3 I’m more outgoing than my sister.知识点总结-形容词、副词比较级和最高级课件，共52页。
Adjectives and Adverbs形容词、副词的比较级知识点详解形容词（Adjective 简称adj.）： 主要用来描写或修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、 状态、特征或属性eg：一.表示名词的性质、颜色、大小和状态等的形容词。如：new、big、tall二、数量形容词1）不定数量形容词：如：some many2）数词。如：four apples 注意：多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为： 　限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) --出处--材料性质，类别--名词 a small round table　　 a tall gray building　　 a dirty old brown shirt　　 a famous German medical school　　 an expensive Japanese sports car口诀：县官行令杀国材 县，即“限”，指限定词，如：the; a/an; this; that; your; my; his… 官，即“观”，指观点或评价性形容词，如：lovely; interesting; beautiful; moving; instructive… 行，即“形”，指形状大小，如：large; big; small; little; round; square…. 令，即“龄”，指年龄及新旧，如：new; old; ancient; two-year-old… 杀，即“色”，指颜色，如：red; green; orange; brown… 国，指国家或出处，如：Chinese; Japanese; home-made… 材，指材料，也就是用什么做的。如：earth; brick; glass; stone; concrete…其中，“限定词”包括：冠词、物主代词、指示代词、或数词，它位于各类形容词前。它本身分为三位，即：前、中、后。1.前位限定词有all、 half、both、分数和倍数；2.中位限定词有冠词、指示代词、物主代词等；3.后位限定词有基数词和序数词，但序数词位于基数词前。如:both my hands、all half his income等。副词（Adverb 简称adv.）： 是指在句子中表示行为或状态特征的词，用以修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句。 表示范围、时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。副词可分为：时间副词、频率副词、地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、疑问副词、连接副词、关系副词... 副词的作用1.用来修饰2.说明时间,地点,程度,方式等, 做状语.动词形容词全句副词1.The cake Mrs Black made looks _______, but it tastes _______. bad; good B. bad; well C.badly; good D. badly; well2.The food on the plate smells ________. You can’t eat it. A.delicious B. badly C.well D.bad副词的构成1. 形容词+ly构成副词e.g. different bad close free clear bright dangerous slow careful correct neat nice differentlycloselyclearlydangerouslycarefullyneatly badlyfreelybrightlyslowlycorrectlynicely根据要求写出下列单词的正确形式：easy(副词)correct(副词)quiet(副词) polite(副词) 5. noise(副词)6. heavy (副词)7. luck(副词)8. angry(副词)easilycorrectlyquietlypolitelynoisilyheavilyluckilyangrilyHe is _____ (live), clever and outgoing.Our neighbours are ________ (friend) and we are happy here.livelyfriendly注意:3. 并非以-ly结尾的词都是副词adj. adj.注意: 2. true truly它的形容词变成副词时是去e 再加 -lyfarearlylatestraighthard注意4:.有些词的形容词与副词的形式一样. (形副同型）fasthighlong形容词和副词比较级和最高级的构成规则变化单音节词和少数双音节词 1) 一般情况加 – er fast – faster high – higher tall – taller 英语中的单词分为：单音节词、双音节词和多音节词。区分它们的关键是单词实际发音中元音音素的个数。1.音标中只有一个元音音素的是单音节词：dog，knight，face，brush等。2.音标中只包含两个元音音素的是双音节词：hello，tiny，peanut，people，bigger等。3.音标中包含三个及三个以上的元音音素的是多音节词：vegetable，internation，refrigerator，television，electricity等。2) 以字母 e 结尾加 –r fine – finer late – later nice – nicer3) 重读闭音节、末尾只有一个辅音 字母时双写加 –er fat – fatter big – bigger thin – thinner wet-wetter4) 以辅音字母加 y 结尾变 y 为 i 加–er early – earlier easy – easier lucky – luckier friendly-friendlier 不规则变化 good/well – better bad/badly/ill – worse many/much – more little – less far – farther ( far – further ) 双音节，多音节和+ly的副词比较级和最高级用more/ the mostdeliciouspopularwonderfulslowlyhappilycarefully more deliciousmore popularmore wonderfulmore slowlymore happilymore carefully 遇到双元音怎么办？总结： 除了以 -ow、-y、-er、-ble/ple 结尾的，重音在后一个音节上的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级可以用后缀 -er 和 -est 外，其他双音节形容词只能在前面加 more 和 most。 larger wider bigger hotter thinner fatterhappier driermore difficult more popular总结：形容词比较级的规则变化taller harder 说出下列形容词的比较级1. many2. difficult3. big4. heavy5. cheapmore more difficultbigger heaviercheaper课堂检测：6.fast7.high8.clever9.fine 10.latefasterhigherclevererfinerlater1.important ___________ 2.easy________________ 3.happy_______________ 4.thin_________________ 5.good________________ 6.hot_________________ 7.many ______________ 8.nice________________ 9.delicious____________ 10.careful______________ 写出下列形容词的比较级more importanteasierhappier thinnerbetterhottermore nicermore deliciousmore careful（一） 写出下列形容词与副词的比较级形式： long_____ good———— wide ______ quietly———— fat ____ late———— heavy____ outgoing ———— slow ______ clearly———— few____ early ———— beautiful______ easy———— badly ______ hard-working———— far____ serious———— quickly_____ big———— happy_____ thin———— sad_______ fantastic———— loud———— loudly————（二） 用所给词的适当形式填空： 1.My home is ( far )_____ than _____( you ).2.Bill is _____ ( heavy ) than Tom.3.Which do you like _____ ( good )?4.Nobody is_____ ( smart) than Li Tian in class.5.The elephant is _____ (big ) than the horse.6.Mr. Smith si much _____ ( old ) than his wife.7.She is _____ ( healthy ) than her brother.8.The car goes_____ ( fast ) than the bike.1）最基础的比较级，A+动词+比较级+than B，意思是，“A比B……”。2）much+比较级, 意思是，“……得多”。3）The +比较级，the+比较急级，意思是，“越……越……”。4）比较级+and+比较级，意思为，“越来越……”。5）数词+名词+比较级+than，表示大多少，6）比较级+than any (other)+ 名词单数，这个比较级的形式表示的是最高级的意思。7）the+比较级+ of the two， 译为“两个中比较……的”比较级用法总结（常考六种）：1）A+动词+比较级+than B “A比B……”形容词比较级+than, 表示一方超过另一方.She is cleverer than the other girls in her class.这间房子比那间房子大.This room is bigger than that one. 这本书不如那本书有趣. This book is less interesting than that one.注意：1.比较的时候需要留意，必须是同类事物相比较。My hair is longer than his hair.(不能用he)I am taller than him.(不能用his)2.比较的时候需要注意，than 后用人称代词的宾格。eg:Jack is more outgoing than me.(不能用I,但是可以用I am)注意： 为了避免重复,在从句中常用one, that, those等词来代替前面提过的名词.The weather here is warmer than that of Shanghai.The radios made in our factory are better than those in your factory.John’s eyes are bigger than Tom’s. Tom’ s hair is longer than John’s.My brother is more serious than____(I).Do you think Lily is better at English than ___(she)? 2） very/quite/so /as/too/really+原级 much/a little/a bit/a lot /even/far+比较级 I feel even worse today.Our city is much more beautiful than yours.我们的城市比你们的漂亮得多.Japan is a little larger than Germany.日本只比德国大一点儿.吃的越多，会变得越胖_______ you eat, __________ you will be.3）the +比较级+句子， the+ 比较级+句子越……， 就越……。The busier he is, the happier he feels.他越忙就越高兴.The higher the ground（is）,the thinner air becomes.越高,空气就越稀薄1.___________(much) exercise you take, ________ (healthy) you will be.The morethe healthier2.The _____ (busy ) he is , the _______(happy)he feels.busierhappier4）比较级+and+比较级，“越来越……”The earth is getting warmer and warmer.地球变得越来越暖和.China is more and more beautiful.中国变得越来越美丽注意：多音节形容词用此句型时,要用more and more +形容词原级；而不能用more beautiful and more beautiful.5）数词+名词+比较级+than 表示大多少I'm two years older than you.我比你大二岁.She is a head taller than I（me）.她比我高一个头.He is6）.比较级+than any other+单数名词 =比较级+than the other+可数名词复数taller than any other boy.7）the+比较级+ of the two，  译为“两个中比较……的”This watch is the cheaper of the two.这支手表是两个中比较便宜的.He is the better of the two.他是这两个人中比较好的.1.The population of China is ______(large) than any other_____ (country) in the world.2.He is _____ than _____ boy in the football team.A. clever, any B. cleverer, any other largercountry同级比较的常用句型This jacket is as _____ (big) as that one.as+形容词原形+as 两者相等English is as ________ (interesting) as Chinese.Tom is as tall as Mike. biginteresting句型一：句型2. not as+形容词原形+as not so+形容词原形+as “前者不及／不如 后者 This school is not as beautiful as that one.This school is not so beautiful as that one.  表达前者不如后者还可以用： less +原级+thanThis school is less beautiful than that one翻译练习我和她一样勤奋.她的书不如我的多.汉语同英语一样难学.I am as hard-working as she is.She has not as many books as I have.Chinese is as difficult as English.句型3. 倍数表示方法 a) 倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+ asb) 倍数+形容词/副词比较级+thanc) 倍数+ the + n. + ofThis rope is three times as long as that one.This rope is three times longer than that one.This rope is three times the length of that one.补充： be good at 的比较级 be better at do well in 的比较级 be better at be bad at 的比较级 be worse at do badly in 的比较级 do worse in I.Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the words given. ( 用括号中词的适当形式填空)My sister is _____ than Richard. (old)He has _____ homework to do than I do today. (much)Is football ____________ than volleyball? (exciting)The town is _______ than it used to be. (clean)I’m ________ than his brother, Jim. (clever)I think she looks _______ than in the photo. (pretty)oldermoremore excitingcleanerclevererprettier知识点：两者中的比较…..当堂检测7. This road is ______________ than that one. (dangerous)8. This problem is ______________ than I thought. (important)9. Can you walk _______ than a young man? (far)10. In summer it is much ______ in Wuhan than in Beijing. (hot)11. Which is ________, Room 201 or Room 108? (bright)more dangerousmore importantfartherbrighterhotter 1. I’m __________ quieter than Susan. A. little B. few C. a little D. a few 2. The __________, the better. A. much B. many C. more D. most 3. The busier he is, the _______ he feels. A. happily B. happy C. happier D. more happy4. My sister is good at sports. she can jump ___than me. A. highest B. very high C. too high D. much higher 5. The ice in the lake is as ___ as it was before. A. thin B. thinner  C. thinnest D. the thinnestThank you! Goodbye!