2023-2024学年重庆市缙云教育联盟高二（上）月考英语试卷（9月份）

这是一份2023-2024学年重庆市缙云教育联盟高二（上）月考英语试卷（9月份），共33页。试卷主要包含了0分）等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1．（4.5分）We are lking fr energetic vlunteers wh might be willing t vlunteer their time．It's a great way t build yur vlunteer experience，get invlved in yur cmmunity，meet new peple and shw yur pride．
Cmputer Teacher
The cmputer teacher will be respnsible fr teaching lder adults cmputer skills，including basic skills such as turning n cmputer r mre media skills such as setting up email．This psitin requires patience，dedicatin and lng hurs n yur feet．Cmputer skills needed．Ask Mandy，01313377227．
Meals n Wheels
D yu have time in yur schedule t make a difference in the lives f senirs in yur cmmunity？Meals n Wheels drivers deliver nutritius lunchtime meals t hmebund senirs n weekdays frm 11 a．m．t 1 p．m．Our aim is t help senirs wh are unable t g ut themselves due t age r disability．A valid driver's license and persnal vehicle is required．Call Lucy， （781）2727177．
Tree Nursery Vlunteer
Tasks are different accrding t seasn，but may include：cllecting tree seeds frm ancient wdland，preparing seeds fr swing，planting trees and tree aftercare．Sme f the wrk is physical and utdrs，thers such as seed preparatin can be dne indrs．N experience is necessary，but a knwledge r interest in btany wuld certainly be helpful．Ask Amrita，07748623073．
Phtgraphy Vlunteer
If yu have a talent fr phtgraphy，this may be the rle fr yu．We need smene wh can take great phts fr psters and websites．We especially need phts f ur events and vlunteers．This is a great pprtunity t gain valuable wrk experience．Yu'll als gain the satisfactin f seeing yur wrk being displayed n the Natinal Trust website and in literature．Ask Sarah，01248600954．
（1）If yu're a gd driver wning a car and want t help ut，yu may cntact ．
A．Mandy
B．Lucy
C．Amrita
D．Sarah
（2）Which kind f vluntary wrk desn't require special experience r skills？
A．Cmputer Teacher．
B．Meals n Wheels．
C．Tree Nursery Vlunteer．
D．Phtgraphy Vlunteer．
（3）Which f the fllwing statements is true accrding t the text？
A．A cmputer teacher will have t walk a lng distance fr the jb．
B．Meals n Wheels vlunteers will ck lunch fr the elderly wh are in need f help．
C．Fr tree nursery vlunteers the jb may vary with seasn and wrkplace may change．
D．A phtgraphy vlunteer needs experience in taking phts fr psters and websites．
2．（6分）Humans have been keeping animals as pets fr tens f thusands f years，but Dr Jean﹣Lup Rault，an animal scientist at the University f Melburne in Australia，believes new cmpanins are cming：rbt pets．
"Technlgy is mving very fast，"Rault tld ABC News， "The Tamagtchi in the early 1990s was really the first rbtic pet，and nw Sny and ther big cmpanies have imprved them a lt．"
This may nt sit well with pet lvers．After all，wh wuld chse a plastic ty instead f a lvely puppy？But Rault argues that many peple are ging fr it： "Yu dn't have t feed it，yu dn't have t walk it，it wn't make a mess in yur huse，and yu can g n a hliday withut feeling guilty．" The technlgy als benefits thse wh are allergic t pets，shrt n space，r fearful f real animals．
It's nt clear whether rbt pets can replace real nes．But studies d suggest that we can develp deep bnd with these smart machines．Peple give their cars names and kids give their ty animals life stries．It's the same with rbts．When Sny stpped its repair service fr its rbt dg Aib in March 2014，wners in Japan held funerals．
As an animal welfare researcher，Rault is cncerned abut hw rbtic pets culd affect ur attitudes twards live animals． "If we becme used t a rbtic cmpanin that desn't need fd，water r exercises，perhaps it will change hw humans care abut ther living beings，" he said．
S are dgs and cats a thing f the past，as Rault predicts？Fr thse wh grew up with living and breathing pets，the mechanical kind might nt d．But fr ur next generatin wh are in cnstant tuch with smart technlgy，a future in which lvely pets needn't have a heartbeat might nt be a far﹣fetched dream．
（1）What des the underlined phrase "sit well with" means？
A．be refused by
B．be beneficial t
C．make a difference t
D．receive supprt frm
（2）Which f the fllwing is NOT the advantage f rbt pets？
A．Owners dn't have t feed r walk them．
B．They wn't make a mess in yur huse．
C．They can help cure allergies．
D．Owners can g n a hliday withut feeling guilty．
（3）Why did wners f rbt dg Aib hld funerals fr their dgs？
A．Because Sny stpped its repair service fr Aib in 2014．
B．Because they had develped deep bnd with their rbt dg．
C．Because they wuld n lnger have rbtic pets in the future．
D．Because their attitudes twards live animals were affected．
（4）The passage mainly tells us ．
A．the advantages f rbt tys
B．the ppularity f rbt pets
C．living pets are dying ut
D．rbt pets are cming
3．（6分） I read Newprt's bk，Deep Wrk：Rules fr Fcused Success in a Distracted Wrld，which he published in 2016.In this bk，Newprt makes the persuasive argument that highly fcused wrk is increasingly nt cmmn in the mdern wrkplace.
Peple are easy t get distracted （分心），whether they're surfing the Internet fr entertainment r wasting time n tasks like email and meetings.Hwever，thse wh are able t push their cgnitive （认知的） abilities t the limit can create new value and imprve their skills.In ther wrds，training ne's mind t fcus n deep wrk nt nly makes ne efficient and prduces valuable wrk，but it als secures ne's place in a quickly changing ecnmy.
Part I f Newprt's bk explains the imprtance f deep wrk.Part II explres the prcess f hw t develp such a practice in ne's wn life by fllwing fur rules： （1）Wrk deeply； （2）Accept bredm； （3）Quit scial media； （4）Remve shallw things.
Newprt praises the imprtance f daily laziness in this bk，writing， "Add regular and great freedm frm prfessinal cncerns int yur day，prviding yu with the idleness （闲散） required t get deep wrk dne." He advises ding this by shutting everything dwn at the end f the wrkday.
Deep Wrk is packed with useful tips and tls fr making meaningful changes.Since picking up the bk several weeks ag，I've been using bits and pieces f the philsphy，such as leaving my phne n silent all day lng and checking it nly at predetermined times，and nt allwing myself t lk things up nline until I've finished writing an article.Nw I'm able t start additinal prjects that I've been wanting t d but haven't felt like I had the time befre.
（1）Which f the fllwing is a benefit f deep wrk？
A．Aviding bredm.
B．Increasing jb security.
C．Keeping away frm scial media.
D．Adapting t new changes quickly.
（2）What is stressed in this bk accrding t Paragraph 4？
A．The significance f relaxing.
B．Ways f reducing cncerns.
C．The advice n deep wrk.
D．Benefits f being lazy.
（3）What can we learn frm the stry in the last paragraph？
A．Interest is the best teacher.
B．The ld methds still wrk tday.
C．It is difficult t put thery int practice.
D．Cncentratin helps imprve wrk efficiency.
（4）What's the text mainly abut？
A．A life experience.
B．A best﹣selling writer.
C．An intrductin t a bk.
D．A study n cncentratin.
4．（6分） Japanese autmaker Tyta has annunced plans t create a mdel "city f the future" t test and develp new technlgies.The prject will invlve "building a cmplete city frm the grund up" at the ft f Japan's Munt Fuji.The cmpany annunced the plans during the yearly CES technlgy shw in Las Vegas，Nevada.
Tyta calls the prject "Wven City".It is meant t be a mdel fr creating "smart cities" arund the wrld.A smart city is an area develped with high﹣speed internet cnnectivity t link majr infrmatin and cmmunicatin systems.These systems﹣pwered by data and sensrs﹣can imprve living cnditins relating t things like energy，transprtatin and health.
Smart cities can be designed t greatly cut human﹣caused pllutin，reduce traffic prblems and create new uses fr internet technlgy t affect everyday life.The Wven City will aim t be a "living labratry" fr technlgies including self﹣driving systems，rbtics，smart hmes and artificial intelligence.
The city will be built n land where an autmbile factry currently perates.The city will cver abut 70 hectares f land and is designed t hld arund 2，000 peple.Residents culd include Tyta emplyees and visiting researchers.The city will have its wn plice fficers，fire and emergency services and schls.The city's main electrical pwer will cme frm hydrgen fuel technlgy.The city is planned t be fully sustainable，with buildings made mstly f wd.Buildings will be made with slar equipment t prduce additinal electricity.
（1）What d we knw frm Paragraph 2？
A．The explanatin f a smart city.
B．The living cnditins in the future.
C．Clean energy fr "city f the future".
D．The imprtance f cmmunicatin system.
（2）Which is mentined in Paragraph 4？
A．When Wven City will be cmpleted.
B．Wh will be allwed t live in Wven City.
C．Why slar energy will be used in Wven City.
D．Hw a car factry will be changed int Wven City.
（3）Which f the fllwing best describes the traffic in streets f Wven City？
A．Safe.
B．Rapid.
C．Intelligent.
D．Cmfrtable.
（4）What is the best title fr the text？
A．The Way Human Beings Will Live in the Future
B．Wrld﹣Leading Technlgies f Tyta's Smart Hme
C．"City f the Future" t Be Built t Test New Technlgies
D．Great Changes Brught by the Internet in Our Future Life
5．（12.5分） Peple refer t never frgetting hw t ride a bike r thrw a baseball as examples f "muscle memry"，the result f a mtr learning.（1） It is a phenmenn that previusly trained muscles acquire strength after a perid f disuse.
Previus research has shwn that the changes actually persist in the muscles themselves.In ne study f mice，the results suggest that after nuclei in muscle cells multiply in respnse t an verlad f training，thse extra nuclei aren't lst during subsequent perids f inactivity.They are retained （保留），essentially waiting t be reactivated.If yu fell ff the fitness wagn （马车） during the pandemic，dn't be frustrated.Once yu have gt additinal nuclei，yu are banking the capacity.（2） In fact，a recent study revealed that less than eight weeks f retraining were needed t regain yur frmer fitness.It depends n hw fit yu were initially，hw lng the layff was，hw ld yu are and hw lng yu'd been exercising.
（3） It means yu still have a distinct advantage when it cmes t regaining yur frmer level f fitness.And the principle applies t bth resistance training and endurance training.The best way t regain yur muscle memry is t start at a level belw what yu were accustmed t ding，and then gradually increase in terms f duratin，frequency，then intensity.（4）
Ultimately，muscle memry is a payff fr all the past wrk yu put int learning a sprt.（5） Yu will never knw hw much muscle memry yu may have until yu start training again.
A．The best way t tap int it is t "get back n the hrse".
B．Physilgists，n the ther hand，define it in a different way.
C．This cnvinces the researchers that muscle memry may nt be lng lasting.
D．That is t say，we can d the sprts autmatically withut cnscius thught.
E．It is generally safe t increase these elements by 5 percent every week r tw.
F．It is evident that the mre yu exercise，the mre muscle memry savings yu will have.
G．All this news abut muscle memry is encuraging fr thse wh fell ff the fitness scheme.
语言运用（共两节，满分25分）
6．（15分） In 1968 a grave dating frm abut 1100 was uncvered near Hattula，in Finland，Little remained f the ccupant's skeletn，but the inhumatin included tw swrds and a knife.Such grave gds wuld nrmally suggest said ccupant was a man.The skeletn was， （1） als decrated with brches （胸针） and wllen clthing f types mre usually wrn at the time by wmen.This （2） guess that the burial was actually f a pwerful wman，pssibly a lcal ruler in her wn right rather than just the wife f a male king.
This wuld be ntewrthy enugh.But a re﹣examinatin f the remains，just published in the Eurpean Jurnal f Archaelgy by Ulla Milanen f the University f Turku and Elina Salmela f the University f Helsinki，suggests the truth may be yet mre （3） and Dr Salmela suspect that the individual （4） may have had utward characteristics f bth a man and a wman.
In 1968 wrking ut the （5） f a skeletn in an ancient grave was tricky.After years f deteriratin，the bnes f men and wmen lk pretty much （6） .But that was befre the use f DNA became pssible.S Ms.Milanen and Dr Salmela thught it wrth trying again.
Mst peple have tw sex chrmsmes （染色体）：XX in wmen and XY in men.Find DNA frm a Y﹣chrmsme in a skeletn and the chances are the bdy was （7） .And，lking at a fragment f femur brught t her by Ms.Milanen，wh is the archaelgist in the （8） ，Dr.Salmela，wh is the geneticist，did indeed find such DNA.But nt much f it.That led her t wnder abut cntaminatin （污染），but als t cnsider whether the individual in the grave had had a（n） （9） X﹣chrmsme that was swamping the signal frm the Y.
Having an abnrmal number f sex chrmsmes is rare，but nt vanishingly s.The particular （10） XXY leads t what is knwn as Klinefelter's syndrme.T determine the ccupant's karytype （染色体组型） frm the tiny amunt f DNA available，Dr.Salmela drew （11） with living peple.The grave delivered 8，329 pieces，s she used a cmputer t draw samples f similar size frm the genmes f living peple with varius karytypes，including XXY，and als frm mixtures f bth sexes，t （12） cntaminatin.She then cmpared these with the DNA frm the grave and （13） it was 99.75% prbable the individual cncerned had indeed had Klinefelter's syndrme.
While Dr Salmela was wrking all this ut，Ms.Milanen and her team had anther lk at the grave.They cnfirmed that it was a （14） burial.Fr instance，they fund evidence f fine furs，prbably frm fxes.Clearly，this was a well﹣respected human being，but what led t that （15） in a wrld then dminated by male values is a matter f puzzle.Perhaps the persn came frm a family pwerful enugh fr such things nt t matter.
7．（10分） In the past few years，scientists have fund micrplastics in ur sil，tap water，bttled water，beer and even in the air we breathe.And there's grwing cncern abut the ptential health risks they pse （1） humans.
The new analysis in the UK have discvered micrplastics widely distributed acrss all 10 lakes and rivers sampled.Mre than 1，000 small pieces f plastic per litre were fund in the River Tame，which was revealed last year as（2） （pllute） place tested wrldwide.Even in relatively remte places such as the Falls f Dchart and Lch Lmnd in Sctland，tw r three pieces per litre were fund.
Micrplastics are nt a specific kind f plastic，but rather any type f small pieces f plastic（3） is less than 5 mm in length accrding t the Oceanic and Atmspheric Administratin.They（4） riginate frm a variety f surces，including csmetics，clthing，and industrial prcesses.
Humans are knwn t cnsume the tiny plastic particles thrugh fd and water，but the pssible health effects n peple and ecsystems have yet（5） （determine）.One study，in Singapre，has fund that micrplastics can harbr harmful micrbes.
Research by the Natinal University f Singapre fund mre than 400 types f bacteria n 275 pieces f micrplastic（6） （cllect） frm lcal beaches. （7） included insects that cause gastrenteritis （肠胃炎） and wund infectins in humans.
"Micrplastics（8） （find） abslutely everywhere nw but we d nt knw the harm they culd be ding，" said Christian Dunn at Bangr University，Wales，wh led the wrk. "It's n use（9） （lk） back in 20 years' time and saying： 'If nly we'd realized just hw bad it was.' We need t be mnitring ur waters nw and we need t think，as a cuntry and a wrld， （10） we can be reducing ur reliance n plastic."
写作（共两节，满分40分）
8．（15分）请你以"My Belved Teacher"为题写一篇英语短文赞扬你所敬爱的老师，内容包括：
（1）简要介绍老师的性格或外貌；
（2）举一个事例，说明老师是如何在学习或生活上帮助、鼓励你取得进步的；
（3）感谢老师，祝愿老师。
注意：词数120词左右。
9．（25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
A yung man had bught an ld huse that was in bad shape，but he and his wife believed they culd restre it.They immediately went t wrk.Their gal was t have the ld building lk best fr New Year's Eve get tgether.
Just tw days befre New Year，hwever，a strm swept thrugh the area，leaving a hle in the wall f the huse.There was bviusly n time t repair the damage befre New Year.Then，the sad cuple attended a lcal auctin （拍卖） that afternn.One f the items put up fr bids was an ld gld and ivry clred tableclth.Seized by an inspiratin，the yung man was the highest bidder at ＄ idea was t hang the clth t cver the ragged hle.
On the day befre New Year，it was snwy.As the yung man unlcked the huse dr，he nticed an ld wman standing at the bus stp.He knew the bus wuldn't be there within at least half an hur，s he invited her inside t keep warm.
When the wman walked in and saw the tableclth，she rushed at it and said excitedly， "It's mine.It is my tableclth." She tld the surprised man its histry and even shwed him her name in ne crner f the tableclth.She and her husband had nce lived in Vienna，Austria，and their village was hit by a deadly disease.S they decided t flee t Switzerland，but her husband tld her t leave first，saying he had smething urgent t deal with.A few days later，it was reprted that the bus her husband tk fell ff the cliff （悬崖） and he was never t be fund.Her husband was believed t have died.Tuched by her stry，the yung cuple asked abut her address，planning t send the tableclth t her after New Year.As the bus came，she left.
In the candlelight f New Year's Eve，the tableclth lked even mre beautiful.As the man's friends left the huse，they thanked the man fr his arrangement and mentined hw beautiful the huse lked.
Paragraph 1：
One ld gentleman stayed，admiring the tableclth.
______
Paragraph 2：
The yung man drve the ld man t that ld wman's hme.
______
2023-2024学年重庆市缙云教育联盟高二（上）月考英语试卷（9月份）
参考答案与试题解析
阅读（共两节，满分35.0分）
1．（4.5分）We are lking fr energetic vlunteers wh might be willing t vlunteer their time．It's a great way t build yur vlunteer experience，get invlved in yur cmmunity，meet new peple and shw yur pride．
Cmputer Teacher
The cmputer teacher will be respnsible fr teaching lder adults cmputer skills，including basic skills such as turning n cmputer r mre media skills such as setting up email．This psitin requires patience，dedicatin and lng hurs n yur feet．Cmputer skills needed．Ask Mandy，01313377227．
Meals n Wheels
D yu have time in yur schedule t make a difference in the lives f senirs in yur cmmunity？Meals n Wheels drivers deliver nutritius lunchtime meals t hmebund senirs n weekdays frm 11 a．m．t 1 p．m．Our aim is t help senirs wh are unable t g ut themselves due t age r disability．A valid driver's license and persnal vehicle is required．Call Lucy， （781）2727177．
Tree Nursery Vlunteer
Tasks are different accrding t seasn，but may include：cllecting tree seeds frm ancient wdland，preparing seeds fr swing，planting trees and tree aftercare．Sme f the wrk is physical and utdrs，thers such as seed preparatin can be dne indrs．N experience is necessary，but a knwledge r interest in btany wuld certainly be helpful．Ask Amrita，07748623073．
Phtgraphy Vlunteer
If yu have a talent fr phtgraphy，this may be the rle fr yu．We need smene wh can take great phts fr psters and websites．We especially need phts f ur events and vlunteers．This is a great pprtunity t gain valuable wrk experience．Yu'll als gain the satisfactin f seeing yur wrk being displayed n the Natinal Trust website and in literature．Ask Sarah，01248600954．
（1）If yu're a gd driver wning a car and want t help ut，yu may cntact B ．
A．Mandy
B．Lucy
C．Amrita
D．Sarah
（2）Which kind f vluntary wrk desn't require special experience r skills？ C
A．Cmputer Teacher．
B．Meals n Wheels．
C．Tree Nursery Vlunteer．
D．Phtgraphy Vlunteer．
（3）Which f the fllwing statements is true accrding t the text？ C
A．A cmputer teacher will have t walk a lng distance fr the jb．
B．Meals n Wheels vlunteers will ck lunch fr the elderly wh are in need f help．
C．Fr tree nursery vlunteers the jb may vary with seasn and wrkplace may change．
D．A phtgraphy vlunteer needs experience in taking phts fr psters and websites．
【分析】本文是一篇广告类阅读．主要介绍了社区招聘志愿者的相关信息．
【解答】（1）B．细节理解题．根据Meals n Wheels部分"A valid driver's license and persnal vehicle is required．Call Lucy， （781）2727177．需要有效的驾驶执照和私家车．请致电露西（781）2727177．"可知如果你是一个有车的好司机并且想帮忙，你可以联系 Lucy．故选B．
（2）C．细节理解题．根据Tree Nursery Vlunteer部分"N experience is necessary，but a knwledge r interest in btany wuld certainly be helpful．没有经验是必要的，但对植物学的知识或兴趣肯定会有帮助．"可知Tree Nursery Vlunteer志愿工作不需要特殊的经验或技能．故选C．
（3）C．推理判断题．根据Tree Nursery Vlunteer部分"Tasks are different accrding t seasn，but may include：cllecting tree seeds frm ancient wdland，preparing seeds fr swing，planting trees and tree aftercare．Sme f the wrk is physical and utdrs，thers such as seed preparatin can be dne indrs．根据季节的不同，任务可能有所不同，但可能包括：从古老的林地收集树木种子，准备播种种子，植树和树木的善后工作．有些工作是体力劳动和户外工作，有些工作如种子准备可以在室内进行．"可知对于苗圃志愿者来说，工作可能会随着季节和工作地点的变化而变化．故选C．
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．
2．（6分）Humans have been keeping animals as pets fr tens f thusands f years，but Dr Jean﹣Lup Rault，an animal scientist at the University f Melburne in Australia，believes new cmpanins are cming：rbt pets．
"Technlgy is mving very fast，"Rault tld ABC News， "The Tamagtchi in the early 1990s was really the first rbtic pet，and nw Sny and ther big cmpanies have imprved them a lt．"
This may nt sit well with pet lvers．After all，wh wuld chse a plastic ty instead f a lvely puppy？But Rault argues that many peple are ging fr it： "Yu dn't have t feed it，yu dn't have t walk it，it wn't make a mess in yur huse，and yu can g n a hliday withut feeling guilty．" The technlgy als benefits thse wh are allergic t pets，shrt n space，r fearful f real animals．
It's nt clear whether rbt pets can replace real nes．But studies d suggest that we can develp deep bnd with these smart machines．Peple give their cars names and kids give their ty animals life stries．It's the same with rbts．When Sny stpped its repair service fr its rbt dg Aib in March 2014，wners in Japan held funerals．
As an animal welfare researcher，Rault is cncerned abut hw rbtic pets culd affect ur attitudes twards live animals． "If we becme used t a rbtic cmpanin that desn't need fd，water r exercises，perhaps it will change hw humans care abut ther living beings，" he said．
S are dgs and cats a thing f the past，as Rault predicts？Fr thse wh grew up with living and breathing pets，the mechanical kind might nt d．But fr ur next generatin wh are in cnstant tuch with smart technlgy，a future in which lvely pets needn't have a heartbeat might nt be a far﹣fetched dream．
（1）What des the underlined phrase "sit well with" means？ D
A．be refused by
B．be beneficial t
C．make a difference t
D．receive supprt frm
（2）Which f the fllwing is NOT the advantage f rbt pets？ C
A．Owners dn't have t feed r walk them．
B．They wn't make a mess in yur huse．
C．They can help cure allergies．
D．Owners can g n a hliday withut feeling guilty．
（3）Why did wners f rbt dg Aib hld funerals fr their dgs？ B
A．Because Sny stpped its repair service fr Aib in 2014．
B．Because they had develped deep bnd with their rbt dg．
C．Because they wuld n lnger have rbtic pets in the future．
D．Because their attitudes twards live animals were affected．
（4）The passage mainly tells us D ．
A．the advantages f rbt tys
B．the ppularity f rbt pets
C．living pets are dying ut
D．rbt pets are cming
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了机器人宠物即将进入我们的生活，同时介绍了他们的优点．
【解答】（1）D．词义猜测题．根据划线词所在的句子"This may nt sit well with pet lvers．After all，wh wuld chse a plastic ty instead f a lvely puppy？宠物爱好者可能不会喜欢这样．毕竟，谁会选择一个塑料玩具，而不是一只可爱的小狗？"可以推断出宠物爱好者并不接受机器宠物．所以划线词的意思是"接受"，A．be refused by被拒绝；B．be beneficial t有益于；C．make a difference t改变；D．receive supprt frm接受来自的支持．故选D．
（2）C．细节理解题．根据第三段中的"Yu dn't have t feed it，yu dn't have t walk it，it wn't make a mess in yur huse，and yu can g n a hliday withut feeling guilty． "机器宠物无需喂养，不用陪着散步，也不会把家里弄得一团糟，你出门度假时也不必感到愧疚．以及"The technlgy als benefits thse wh are allergic t pets，shrt n space，r fearful f real animals"这一技术对那些对宠物过敏，空间狭小或害怕真的动物的人大有益处．"可知ABD都是优点，但是它并不能治疗过敏，所以C不是．故选C．
（3）B．推理判断题，根据第四段" It's nt clear whether rbt pets can replace real nes．But studies d suggest that we can develp deep bnd with these smart machines．Peple give their cars names and kids give their ty animals life stries．It's the same with rbts．When Sny stpped its repair service fr its rbt dg Aib in March 2014，wners in Japan held funerals．现在还不清楚机器宠物是否能取代真正的宠物．但是研究表明，我们可以和这些智能机器建立深厚的联系．人们给他们的车起名字，孩子们给他们的玩具动物讲故事．机器人也是一样．2014年3月，索尼停止了机器狗 Aib的维修服务，日本的主人们举行了葬礼．"可知机器人狗爱波的主人会为他们的狗举行葬礼是因为人们与他们的机器人宠物建立牢固的纽带．故选B．
（4）D．主旨大意题．纵观全文可知，本文讲述了机器宠物的时代即将来临，故选D．
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．
3．（6分） I read Newprt's bk，Deep Wrk：Rules fr Fcused Success in a Distracted Wrld，which he published in 2016.In this bk，Newprt makes the persuasive argument that highly fcused wrk is increasingly nt cmmn in the mdern wrkplace.
Peple are easy t get distracted （分心），whether they're surfing the Internet fr entertainment r wasting time n tasks like email and meetings.Hwever，thse wh are able t push their cgnitive （认知的） abilities t the limit can create new value and imprve their skills.In ther wrds，training ne's mind t fcus n deep wrk nt nly makes ne efficient and prduces valuable wrk，but it als secures ne's place in a quickly changing ecnmy.
Part I f Newprt's bk explains the imprtance f deep wrk.Part II explres the prcess f hw t develp such a practice in ne's wn life by fllwing fur rules： （1）Wrk deeply； （2）Accept bredm； （3）Quit scial media； （4）Remve shallw things.
Newprt praises the imprtance f daily laziness in this bk，writing， "Add regular and great freedm frm prfessinal cncerns int yur day，prviding yu with the idleness （闲散） required t get deep wrk dne." He advises ding this by shutting everything dwn at the end f the wrkday.
Deep Wrk is packed with useful tips and tls fr making meaningful changes.Since picking up the bk several weeks ag，I've been using bits and pieces f the philsphy，such as leaving my phne n silent all day lng and checking it nly at predetermined times，and nt allwing myself t lk things up nline until I've finished writing an article.Nw I'm able t start additinal prjects that I've been wanting t d but haven't felt like I had the time befre.
（1）Which f the fllwing is a benefit f deep wrk？ B
A．Aviding bredm.
B．Increasing jb security.
C．Keeping away frm scial media.
D．Adapting t new changes quickly.
（2）What is stressed in this bk accrding t Paragraph 4？ A
A．The significance f relaxing.
B．Ways f reducing cncerns.
C．The advice n deep wrk.
D．Benefits f being lazy.
（3）What can we learn frm the stry in the last paragraph？ D
A．Interest is the best teacher.
B．The ld methds still wrk tday.
C．It is difficult t put thery int practice.
D．Cncentratin helps imprve wrk efficiency.
（4）What's the text mainly abut？ C
A．A life experience.
B．A best﹣selling writer.
C．An intrductin t a bk.
D．A study n cncentratin.
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了纽波特的书籍《深度工作：在分心的世界中专注成功的规则》。纽波特在书中论述了高度专注的工作在现代工作场所中越来越少见，人们容易被互联网娱乐或者邮件和会议等任务分心。然而，能够将认知能力推向极限的人可以创造新的价值并提升自己的技能。书中还列出了四条发展深度工作的规则，并强调了日常懒散的重要性。作者通过实践书中的部分理念，如全天静音手机，只在预定时间检查手机，写完文章后再上网查阅资料，发现自己有更多的时间去开始新的项目。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中In ther wrds，training ne's mind t fcus n deep wrk nt nly makes ne efficient and prduces valuable wrk，but it als secures ne's place in a quickly changing ecnmy.（换句话说，训练一个人的思想专注于深度工作，不仅使一个人效率高、工作有价值，而且还能确保一个人在快速变化的经济中占有一席之地。）可知，深度工作的好处之一是可以提高工作的保障。故选B项。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段Newprt praises the imprtance f daily laziness in this bk，writing， "Add regular and great freedm frm prfessinal cncerns int yur day，prviding yu with the idleness （闲散） required t get deep wrk dne." He advises ding this by shutting everything dwn at the end f the wrkday.（ Newprt在书中赞扬了日常懒惰的重要性，他写道："在你的日常生活中加入定期的、从工作中解脱出来的自由，为你提供完成深入工作所需的空闲时间。"他建议在工作日结束时关掉所有的东西。）可知，该书强调了放松的意义。故选A项。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段Deep Wrk is packed with useful tips and tls fr making meaningful changes.Since picking up the bk several weeks ag，I've been using bits and pieces f the philsphy，such as leaving my phne n silent all day lng and checking it nly at predetermined times，and nt allwing myself t lk things up nline until I've finished writing an article.Nw I'm able t start additinal prjects that I've been wanting t d but haven't felt like I had the time befre.（ Deep Wrk提供了很多有用的技巧和工具，可以做出有意义的改变。自从几周前拿起这本书以来，我一直在零星地使用其中的哲理，比如一整天都把手机调成静音，只在预定的时间查看手机，在写完一篇文章之前不允许自己上网查东西。现在我可以开始做一些我一直想做但却没有时间做的额外的项目了。）可知，注意力集中有助于提高工作效率。选项D．Cncentratin helps imprve wrk efficiency.（集中注意力有助于提高工作效率）符合题意。故选D项。
（4）主旨大意题。根据第一段I read Newprt's bk，Deep Wrk：Rules fr Fcused Success in a Distracted Wrld，which he published in 2016.In this bk，Newprt makes the persuasive argument that highly fcused wrk is increasingly nt cmmn in the mdern wrkplace.（我读了Newprt 2016年出版的Deep Wrk：Rules fr Fcused Success in a Distracted Wrld。在这本书中，Newprt提出了一个有说服力的论点，即高度专注的工作在现代工作场所越来越不常见。）以及全文可知，文章介绍了一本名为Deep Wrk：Rules fr Fcused Success in a Distracted Wrld的书。选项C．An intrductin t a bk."一本书的简介"能概括文章大意。故选C项。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
4．（6分） Japanese autmaker Tyta has annunced plans t create a mdel "city f the future" t test and develp new technlgies.The prject will invlve "building a cmplete city frm the grund up" at the ft f Japan's Munt Fuji.The cmpany annunced the plans during the yearly CES technlgy shw in Las Vegas，Nevada.
Tyta calls the prject "Wven City".It is meant t be a mdel fr creating "smart cities" arund the wrld.A smart city is an area develped with high﹣speed internet cnnectivity t link majr infrmatin and cmmunicatin systems.These systems﹣pwered by data and sensrs﹣can imprve living cnditins relating t things like energy，transprtatin and health.
Smart cities can be designed t greatly cut human﹣caused pllutin，reduce traffic prblems and create new uses fr internet technlgy t affect everyday life.The Wven City will aim t be a "living labratry" fr technlgies including self﹣driving systems，rbtics，smart hmes and artificial intelligence.
The city will be built n land where an autmbile factry currently perates.The city will cver abut 70 hectares f land and is designed t hld arund 2，000 peple.Residents culd include Tyta emplyees and visiting researchers.The city will have its wn plice fficers，fire and emergency services and schls.The city's main electrical pwer will cme frm hydrgen fuel technlgy.The city is planned t be fully sustainable，with buildings made mstly f wd.Buildings will be made with slar equipment t prduce additinal electricity.
（1）What d we knw frm Paragraph 2？ A
A．The explanatin f a smart city.
B．The living cnditins in the future.
C．Clean energy fr "city f the future".
D．The imprtance f cmmunicatin system.
（2）Which is mentined in Paragraph 4？ B
A．When Wven City will be cmpleted.
B．Wh will be allwed t live in Wven City.
C．Why slar energy will be used in Wven City.
D．Hw a car factry will be changed int Wven City.
（3）Which f the fllwing best describes the traffic in streets f Wven City？ A
A．Safe.
B．Rapid.
C．Intelligent.
D．Cmfrtable.
（4）What is the best title fr the text？ C
A．The Way Human Beings Will Live in the Future
B．Wrld﹣Leading Technlgies f Tyta's Smart Hme
C．"City f the Future" t Be Built t Test New Technlgies
D．Great Changes Brught by the Internet in Our Future Life
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了日本汽车制造商丰田汽车将建造智慧城市以测试新技术。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段Tyta calls the prject "Wven City".It is meant t be a mdel fr creating "smart cities" arund the wrld.A smart city is an area develped with high﹣speed internet cnnectivity t link majr infrmatin and cmmunicatin systems.These systems﹣pwered by data and sensrs﹣can imprve living cnditins relating t things like energy，transprtatin and health.（ 丰田称该项目为"编织之城"。它旨在成为在全球范围内创建"智能城市"的典范。智慧城市是指通过高速互联网连接主要信息和通信系统的地区。这些由数据和传感器驱动的系统可以改善能源、交通和健康等方面的生活条件。）可知，本段对智慧城市的含义做出了解释：智慧城市是一个以高速互联网连接主要信息和通信系统的区域。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段Residents culd include Tyta emplyees and visiting researchers.（ 居民可能包括丰田的员工和来访的研究人员。）可知，本段提到了谁将被允许住在"编织城市"：居民包括丰田员工和来访的研究人员。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段内容"Smart cities can be designed t greatly cut human﹣caused pllutin，reduce traffic prblems and create new uses fr internet technlgy t affect everyday life.The Wven City will aim t be a "living labratry" fr technlgies including self﹣driving systems，rbtics，smart hmes and artificial intelligence.（ 智能城市的设计可以大大减少人为造成的污染，减少交通问题，并为互联网技术创造影响日常生活的新用途。编织城的目标是成为自动驾驶系统、机器人、智能家居和人工智能等技术的"生活实验室"。）可知，未来之城的街道上没有交谈堵塞，自动驾驶系统等会让交通安全。A．Safe安全的；B．Rapid迅速的；C．Intelligent聪明的；D．Cmfrtable舒服的。故选A。
（4）标题归纳。根据第一段Japanese autmaker Tyta has annunced plans t create a mdel "city f the future" t test and develp new technlgies （日本汽车制造商丰田公司宣布计划创建一个"未来城市"模型，以测试和开发新技术）。可知，文章谈论的话题是日本汽车制造商丰田宣布计划建造一个"未来之城"模型来测试和开发新技术。A．The Way Human Beings Will Live in the Future人类未来的生活方式；B．Wrld﹣Leading Technlgies f Tyta's Smart Hme丰田智能家居的领先技术；C．"City f the Future" t Be Built t Test New Technlgies为测试新技术而建造的"未来之城"；D．Great Changes Brught by the Internet in Our Future Life互联网给我们未来生活带来的巨大变化。因此C项为最佳标题。故选C。
【点评】阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
5．（12.5分） Peple refer t never frgetting hw t ride a bike r thrw a baseball as examples f "muscle memry"，the result f a mtr learning.（1） B It is a phenmenn that previusly trained muscles acquire strength after a perid f disuse.
Previus research has shwn that the changes actually persist in the muscles themselves.In ne study f mice，the results suggest that after nuclei in muscle cells multiply in respnse t an verlad f training，thse extra nuclei aren't lst during subsequent perids f inactivity.They are retained （保留），essentially waiting t be reactivated.If yu fell ff the fitness wagn （马车） during the pandemic，dn't be frustrated.Once yu have gt additinal nuclei，yu are banking the capacity.（2） A In fact，a recent study revealed that less than eight weeks f retraining were needed t regain yur frmer fitness.It depends n hw fit yu were initially，hw lng the layff was，hw ld yu are and hw lng yu'd been exercising.
（3） G It means yu still have a distinct advantage when it cmes t regaining yur frmer level f fitness.And the principle applies t bth resistance training and endurance training.The best way t regain yur muscle memry is t start at a level belw what yu were accustmed t ding，and then gradually increase in terms f duratin，frequency，then intensity.（4） E
Ultimately，muscle memry is a payff fr all the past wrk yu put int learning a sprt.（5） F Yu will never knw hw much muscle memry yu may have until yu start training again.
A．The best way t tap int it is t "get back n the hrse".
B．Physilgists，n the ther hand，define it in a different way.
C．This cnvinces the researchers that muscle memry may nt be lng lasting.
D．That is t say，we can d the sprts autmatically withut cnscius thught.
E．It is generally safe t increase these elements by 5 percent every week r tw.
F．It is evident that the mre yu exercise，the mre muscle memry savings yu will have.
G．All this news abut muscle memry is encuraging fr thse wh fell ff the fitness scheme.
【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者分析了运动中肌肉记忆这一生理现象，并且介绍了我们可以利用这一现象可以做的事。
【解答】 （1）推理判断题。根据后文It is a phenmenn that previusly trained muscles acquire strength after a perid f disuse（这是一种以前训练过的肌肉在一段时间不使用后仍旧具有力量的现象），可知B项"另一方面，生理学家则用不同的方式来定义它"可以引起下文从生理学对运动作的定义，故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据前文If yu fell ff the fitness wagn （马车） during the pandemic，dn't be frustrated.Once yu have gt additinal nuclei，yu are banking the capacity（如果你在疫情期间放弃了健身计划，不要沮丧。一旦你有了额外的核，你就储存了容量）；以及后文In fact，a recent study revealed that less than eight weeks f retraining were needed t regain yur frmer fitness（事实上，最近的一项研究表明，不到八周的再训练就能恢复你以前的健康），可知A项"进入这种状态的最好方法是'重新开始'"可以承接上文因为疫情放弃了健身计划的话题，引出后文重新开始很快就能恢复以前的状态的话题，故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据后文It means yu still have a distinct advantage when it cmes t regaining yur frmer level f fitness（这意味着当你恢复到以前的健康水平时，你仍然有明显的优势），可知G项"所有这些关于肌肉记忆的新闻对那些放弃健身计划的人来说都是鼓舞人心的"可以与后文之间为前后照应关系，介绍即使健身中断，当重新健身，还是有明显的优势的，故选G。
（4）推理判断题。根据前文The best way t regain yur muscle memry is t start at a level belw what yu were accustmed t ding，and then gradually increase in terms f duratin，frequency，then intensity（恢复肌肉记忆的最好方法是从低于你习惯的水平开始，然后逐渐增加持续时间、频率和强度），可知E项"一般来说，每一两周增加5%的这些元素是安全的"可以承接前文逐渐增加的话题，介绍具体的方法，故选E。
（5）推理判断题。根据前文Ultimately，muscle memry is a payff fr all the past wrk yu put int learning a sprt（最终，肌肉记忆是你过去为学习一项运动所付出的所有努力的回报），可知F项"很明显，你锻炼得越多，你的肌肉记忆就会储存得越多"是前文的同义句，强调努力越多，回报越多，故选F。
【点评】做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
语言运用（共两节，满分25分）
6．（15分） In 1968 a grave dating frm abut 1100 was uncvered near Hattula，in Finland，Little remained f the ccupant's skeletn，but the inhumatin included tw swrds and a knife.Such grave gds wuld nrmally suggest said ccupant was a man.The skeletn was， （1） C als decrated with brches （胸针） and wllen clthing f types mre usually wrn at the time by wmen.This （2） A guess that the burial was actually f a pwerful wman，pssibly a lcal ruler in her wn right rather than just the wife f a male king.
This wuld be ntewrthy enugh.But a re﹣examinatin f the remains，just published in the Eurpean Jurnal f Archaelgy by Ulla Milanen f the University f Turku and Elina Salmela f the University f Helsinki，suggests the truth may be yet mre （3） B and Dr Salmela suspect that the individual （4） A may have had utward characteristics f bth a man and a wman.
In 1968 wrking ut the （5） C f a skeletn in an ancient grave was tricky.After years f deteriratin，the bnes f men and wmen lk pretty much （6） C .But that was befre the use f DNA became pssible.S Ms.Milanen and Dr Salmela thught it wrth trying again.
Mst peple have tw sex chrmsmes （染色体）：XX in wmen and XY in men.Find DNA frm a Y﹣chrmsme in a skeletn and the chances are the bdy was （7） D .And，lking at a fragment f femur brught t her by Ms.Milanen，wh is the archaelgist in the （8） A ，Dr.Salmela，wh is the geneticist，did indeed find such DNA.But nt much f it.That led her t wnder abut cntaminatin （污染），but als t cnsider whether the individual in the grave had had a（n） （9） B X﹣chrmsme that was swamping the signal frm the Y.
Having an abnrmal number f sex chrmsmes is rare，but nt vanishingly s.The particular （10） C XXY leads t what is knwn as Klinefelter's syndrme.T determine the ccupant's karytype （染色体组型） frm the tiny amunt f DNA available，Dr.Salmela drew （11） D with living peple.The grave delivered 8，329 pieces，s she used a cmputer t draw samples f similar size frm the genmes f living peple with varius karytypes，including XXY，and als frm mixtures f bth sexes，t （12） C cntaminatin.She then cmpared these with the DNA frm the grave and （13） B it was 99.75% prbable the individual cncerned had indeed had Klinefelter's syndrme.
While Dr Salmela was wrking all this ut，Ms.Milanen and her team had anther lk at the grave.They cnfirmed that it was a （14） A burial.Fr instance，they fund evidence f fine furs，prbably frm fxes.Clearly，this was a well﹣respected human being，but what led t that （15） C in a wrld then dminated by male values is a matter f puzzle.Perhaps the persn came frm a family pwerful enugh fr such things nt t matter.
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。1968年，在芬兰的哈图拉附近发现了一座大约1100年的坟墓，居住者的骨骼几乎没有留下，但在尸体中发现了两把剑和一把刀。这样的墓葬通常表明死者是男性。然而，他的骨架上也装饰着胸针和当时女性更常穿的羊毛衣服。这导致了考古学家对墓葬遗骸的性别的猜测。
【解答】（1）考查副词及语境理解。A.therefre因此；B.what's mre而且；C.nevertheless但是；D.fr instance例如。句意：尽管如此，骨架上还装饰着胸针和当时女性更常穿的羊毛衣服。根据上句"but the inhumatin included tw swrds and a knife.Such grave gds wuld nrmally suggest said ccupant was a man."可知，上下句之间是转折关系，故选C。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.intensified增强；B.cnfirmed证实；C.dismissed开除，解散；D.encuraged鼓励。句意：这让人们更加猜测，埋葬的实际上是一位有权势的女性，可能是当地的一位统治者，而不仅仅是一位男性国王的妻子。根据上句"The skeletn was，（1）als decrated with brches （胸针） and wllen clthing f types mre usually wrn at the time by wmen." 可知，骨架上装饰着的胸针和当时女性更常穿的羊毛衣服更加的让人们猜测，埋葬的实际上是一位有权势的女性。故选A。
（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.cmplicated复杂的；B.engaging迷人的，吸引人的；C.unpleasant不愉快的；D.frightening吓人的。句意：但是，图尔库大学的Ulla Milanen和赫尔辛基大学的Elina Salmela刚刚在《欧洲考古学杂志》上发表的对这些遗骸的重新检查表明，真相可能更吸引人。根据后句"Ms.Milanen and Dr Salmela suspect that the individual（4）may have had utward characteristics f bth a man and a wman."可知，遗骸可能同时具有男性和女性的外在特征的真相是非常的吸引人的。故选B。
（4）考查介词短语及语境理解。A.in questin存在疑问或不确定性的事物；B.at large未被限制的，自由的；C.by cmparisn相比之下，比较起来；D.with dubt怀疑地。句意：Milanen女士和Salmela博士怀疑这个人可能同时具有男性和女性的外在特征。根据本句中的"suspect（怀疑）" 可知，人们对遗骸存在疑问。故选A。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.cmpsitin成分构成，成分；B.age年龄；C.sex性别；D.rigin起源。句意：1968年，在一座古墓中确定一具骨骼的性别是件棘手的事情。根据后句"After years f deteriratin，the bnes f men and wmen lk pretty much（6）."可知，确定一具骨骼的性别是件棘手的事情。故选C。
（6）考查形容词及语境理解。A.distinct不同的，有区别的；B.unidentified未经确认的；C.alike相似的；D.brke损坏的，破碎的。句意：经过多年的退化，男性和女性的骨骼看起来非常相似。根据上句"In 1968 wrking ut the（5）f a skeletn in an ancient grave was tricky."可知，因为男性和女性的骨骼看起来非常相似，所以在一座古墓中确定一具骨骼的性别是件棘手的事情。故选C。
（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.female女性的，妇女的；B.ld年老的；C.yung年轻的；D.male男性的。句意：在骨骼中发现y染色体的DNA，很有可能是男性。根据上句"Mst peple have tw sex chrmsmes （染色体）：XX in wmen and XY in men." 可知，在骨骼中发现Y染色体的DNA很可能是男性。故选D。
（8）考查名词及语境理解。A.cperatin合作；B.authrity专家；C.institute研究所，学院，协会；D.adventure冒险（经历），奇遇。句意：她看着莫伊拉宁带给她的一块股骨碎片，莫伊拉宁是这次合作的考古学家。根据后文"She then cmpared these with the DNA frm the grave and （13）it was 99.75% prbable the individual cncerned had indeed had Klinefelter's syndrme."可知，考古学家是相互的合作的。故选A。
（9）考查形容词及语境理解。A.restred精力恢复的；B.extra额外的；C.missing丢失的；D.dminant占支配地位的，占优势的。句意：这让她怀疑污染，但也让她考虑坟墓里的人是否有一条额外的X染色体，它淹没了来自Y的信号。根据后文"The particular（10）XXY leads t what is knwn as Klinefelter's syndrme. " 可知，Salmela考虑坟墓里的人是否有一条额外的X染色体。故选B。
（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.requirement要求，必要条件；B.interest兴趣，关注；C.cmbinatin结合；D.emphasis强调。句意：这种特殊的组合导致了所谓的克氏综合症。根据上文"That led her t wnder abut cntaminatin（污染），but als t cnsider whether the individual in the grave had had a（n）（9）X﹣chrmsme that was swamping the signal frm the Y. "可知，XXY是一种特殊的组合。故选C。
（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.inspiratins启示；B.lessns课程；C.inferences推理；D.cmparisns比较。句意：为了从可用的微量DNA中确定居住者的组型，Salmela博士与活着的人进行了比较。根据本句"with living peple"可知，Salmela博士将DNA与活着的人进行了比较。故选D。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.eliminate剔除，根除；B.mnitr监控；C.imitate模仿；D.generate产生，引起。句意：坟墓里有8329块碎片，所以她用电脑从不同组型的活人基因组中提取了类似大小的样本，包括XXY，也有来自两性混合物的样本，以模拟污染。根据上文"s she used a cmputer t draw samples f similar size frm the genmes f living peple with varius karytypes，including XXY，and als frm mixtures f bth sexes" 可知，Salmela博士这样做的目的是模拟污染。故选C。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.rejected拒绝，驳回；B.cncluded得出的结论；C.recalled拒绝，驳回；D.cnfessed坦白，认罪。句意：然后，她将这些DNA与坟墓里的DNA进行了比较，得出结论：这个人确实患有克兰费尔特综合症的可能性为99.75%。根据上文"She then cmpared these with the DNA frm the grave"可知，她将这些DNA与坟墓中的DNA进行了比较进而得出结论。故选B。
（14）考查形容词及语境理解。A.high﹣status高级职位的；B.secret秘密的；C.religius宗教的；D.peaceful和平的。句意：在Salmela博士研究这一切的同时，Milanen女士和她的团队对坟墓进行了另一次观察。他们确认这是一场地位很高的葬礼。根据下文"Fr instance，they fund evidence f fine furs，prbably frm fxes." 可知，根据陪葬品来看，这是一场地位很高的葬礼。故选A。
（15）考查词名词及语境理解。A.cnclusin结论；B.evidence证据；C.respect尊重；D.slutin解决办法。句意：但是，在一个当时由男性价值观主导的世界里，是什么导致了这种尊重，这是一个谜。根据上句"Clearly，this was a well﹣respected human being"可知，这场葬礼是非常的受人尊重的。故选C。
【点评】做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
7．（10分） In the past few years，scientists have fund micrplastics in ur sil，tap water，bttled water，beer and even in the air we breathe.And there's grwing cncern abut the ptential health risks they pse （1） t humans.
The new analysis in the UK have discvered micrplastics widely distributed acrss all 10 lakes and rivers sampled.Mre than 1，000 small pieces f plastic per litre were fund in the River Tame，which was revealed last year as（2） plluted （pllute） place tested wrldwide.Even in relatively remte places such as the Falls f Dchart and Lch Lmnd in Sctland，tw r three pieces per litre were fund.
Micrplastics are nt a specific kind f plastic，but rather any type f small pieces f plastic（3） that is less than 5 mm in length accrding t the Oceanic and Atmspheric Administratin.They（4） may riginate frm a variety f surces，including csmetics，clthing，and industrial prcesses.
Humans are knwn t cnsume the tiny plastic particles thrugh fd and water，but the pssible health effects n peple and ecsystems have yet（5） t be determined （determine）.One study，in Singapre，has fund that micrplastics can harbr harmful micrbes.
Research by the Natinal University f Singapre fund mre than 400 types f bacteria n 275 pieces f micrplastic（6） cllected （cllect） frm lcal beaches. （7） They included insects that cause gastrenteritis （肠胃炎） and wund infectins in humans.
"Micrplastics（8） are being fund （find） abslutely everywhere nw but we d nt knw the harm they culd be ding，" said Christian Dunn at Bangr University，Wales，wh led the wrk. "It's n use（9） lking （lk） back in 20 years' time and saying： 'If nly we'd realized just hw bad it was.' We need t be mnitring ur waters nw and we need t think，as a cuntry and a wrld， （10） hw we can be reducing ur reliance n plastic."
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是科学家最近发现，微塑料已经广泛分布在土壤、自来水、瓶装水、啤酒甚至我们呼吸的空气中。人们对于微塑料对人类健康可能带来的潜在风险越来越关注。
【解答】（1）考查介词。句意：人们越来越担心它们对人类的潜在健康风险。句中pse sth t sb为固定短语，意为"给某人带来……"。故填t。
（2）考查形容词。句意：去年，塔米河被测试为全球污染最严重的地方之一，每升水中发现了超过1，000个小塑料颗粒。设空处使用形容词作定语，plluted意为"被污染的"。故填plluted。
（3）考查定语从句。句意：根据美国国家海洋和大气管理局的说法，微塑料不是一种特定的塑料，而是长度小于5毫米的任何类型的小塑料。分析句子，设空处引导的是限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，修饰先行词type f small pieces f plastic，为物，前有any修饰，关系词用that。故填that。
（4）考查情态动词。句意：它们可能来自各种来源，包括化妆品、服装和工业过程。分析句子，空后使用动词原形riginate，故设空处使用情态动词，此处表示"可能"用may。故填may。
（5）考查动词不定式。句意：众所周知，人类会通过食物和水摄入这些微小的塑料颗粒，但对人类和生态系统可能产生的健康影响尚未确定。句中have yet t d为固定短语，意为"有待于去做"，此处the pssible health effects与determine之间是被动关系，故使用不定式的被动结构。故填t be determined。
（6）考查过去分词。句意：新加坡国立大学的研究发现，从当地海滩收集的275块微塑料上有400多种细菌。句中fund为谓语动词设空处使用非谓语动词，此处275 pieces f micrplastic与cllect之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词作后置定语。故填cllected。
（7）考查代词。句意：它们包括引起肠胃炎和人类伤口感染的昆虫。此处指代前文的mre than 400 types f bacteria为复数，故用they，句首单词首字母大写。故填They。
（8）考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：微塑料现在无处不在，但我们不知道它们可能造成的危害。句中nw表示动作正在进行中，同时Micrplastics与find之间是被动关系，故使用现在进行时的被动语态，主语为名词复数，be动词用are。故填are being fund。
（9）考查动名词。句意：在20年后回过头来说"要是我们当时意识到有多糟糕就好了"是没有用的。句中it is n use ding sth为固定短语，意为"做某事没用"，该结构中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为动名词。故填lking。
（10）考查宾语从句。句意：我们现在需要监测我们的水域，我们需要思考，作为一个国家和一个世界，我们如何减少对塑料的依赖。设空处引导的是宾语从句，表示"如何，怎样"用hw作方式状语。故填hw。
【点评】做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握语言点及一些语法知识。
写作（共两节，满分40分）
8．（15分）请你以"My Belved Teacher"为题写一篇英语短文赞扬你所敬爱的老师，内容包括：
（1）简要介绍老师的性格或外貌；
（2）举一个事例，说明老师是如何在学习或生活上帮助、鼓励你取得进步的；
（3）感谢老师，祝愿老师。
注意：词数120词左右。
【分析】高分句型一：He taught us physics when we were in Senir One.
译文：我们高一的时候他教我们物理。
分析：这句话使用了when引导的时间状语从句。
高分句型二：Nt nly did Mr.Li make gd preparatins fr his lessns but als he was strict with us.
译文：李先生不仅做好了功课的准备，而且对我们要求很严格。
分析：这句话使用了nt nly置于句首，后面接部分倒装。
【解答】
My Belved Teacher
Mr.Li is ne f my belved teachers.（话题）
He taught us physics when we were in Senir One.【高分句型一】He desn't lk very handsme，but I shuld say he is attractive because he is very kind and gets n well with all the students in ur class.He culd make his class lively and interesting.Nt nly did Mr.Li make gd preparatins fr his lessns but als he was strict with us.【高分句型二】（简要介绍老师的性格或外貌）I used t be pr in helped me with my lessns very patiently.（举一个事例，说明老师是如何在学习或生活上帮助、鼓励你取得进步的）
Thanks t his help and hard wrk，I made gd prgress and caught up with the class.I wish him healthy and happy!（感谢老师，祝愿老师）
【点评】这是一篇提纲类作文。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
9．（25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
A yung man had bught an ld huse that was in bad shape，but he and his wife believed they culd restre it.They immediately went t wrk.Their gal was t have the ld building lk best fr New Year's Eve get tgether.
Just tw days befre New Year，hwever，a strm swept thrugh the area，leaving a hle in the wall f the huse.There was bviusly n time t repair the damage befre New Year.Then，the sad cuple attended a lcal auctin （拍卖） that afternn.One f the items put up fr bids was an ld gld and ivry clred tableclth.Seized by an inspiratin，the yung man was the highest bidder at ＄ idea was t hang the clth t cver the ragged hle.
On the day befre New Year，it was snwy.As the yung man unlcked the huse dr，he nticed an ld wman standing at the bus stp.He knew the bus wuldn't be there within at least half an hur，s he invited her inside t keep warm.
When the wman walked in and saw the tableclth，she rushed at it and said excitedly， "It's mine.It is my tableclth." She tld the surprised man its histry and even shwed him her name in ne crner f the tableclth.She and her husband had nce lived in Vienna，Austria，and their village was hit by a deadly disease.S they decided t flee t Switzerland，but her husband tld her t leave first，saying he had smething urgent t deal with.A few days later，it was reprted that the bus her husband tk fell ff the cliff （悬崖） and he was never t be fund.Her husband was believed t have died.Tuched by her stry，the yung cuple asked abut her address，planning t send the tableclth t her after New Year.As the bus came，she left.
In the candlelight f New Year's Eve，the tableclth lked even mre beautiful.As the man's friends left the huse，they thanked the man fr his arrangement and mentined hw beautiful the huse lked.
Paragraph 1：
One ld gentleman stayed，admiring the tableclth.
______
Paragraph 2：
The yung man drve the ld man t that ld wman's hme.
______
【分析】本文为记叙文，文章讲述了一个年轻人买了一栋年久失修的老房子，但是他和他的妻子相信他们可以修复它。然而，就在新年的前两天，一场暴风雨席卷了这个地区，在房子的墙上留下了一个洞。年轻人拍卖下了一张桌布，想要挂起来盖住那个破洞。新年的前一天，年轻人请一个等车的老妇人进屋取暖，老妇人进屋后看到了桌布，认出了是自己的，并且讲述了桌布背后的故事。
高分句型一："Can it be true that she is alive？" asked the ld man，tears streaming dwn his cheeks.
译文："她还活着是真的吗？"老人问道，眼泪顺着脸颊流了下来。
分析：这句话使用了独立主格结构tears streaming dwn his cheeks。
高分句型二：When she pened it，bth f them recgnized each ther immediately.
译文：当她打开它时，他们两个立刻认出了对方。
分析：这句话使用了when引导的时间状语从句。
【解答】Paragraph 1：
One ld gentleman stayed，admiring the tableclth.At the same time，he said t the yung man， "What a cincidence，many years ag my wife and I als wned such a tableclth.But we lived in Vienna then." On hearing these wrds，the yung man tld the ld man abut his encunter with the ld wman in the huse that snwy day. "Can it be true that she is alive？" asked the ld man，tears streaming dwn his cheeks.【高分句型一】 "Hw can I find her？" Frtunately，the yung man remembered her address.（老先生看到桌布后，说起自己的经历，年轻人了解到那位老妇人是老先生的妻子）
Paragraph 2：
The yung man drve the ld man t that ld wman's hme.Tgether they kncked n her apartment dr.When she pened it，bth f them recgnized each ther immediately.【高分句型二】Obviusly，they were t surprised and excited t express themselves.With trembling hands，they hugged tightly. "I was tld yu had died.Hw did yu find me？" the ld wman said. "Thanks t that magical tableclth，" the ld man replied.The yung man witnessed the tearful，jyful and thrilling reunin f the husband and wife. （这对老夫妇重逢，年轻人见证了他们的喜悦）
【点评】解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。（1）A.therefre
B.what's mre
C.nevertheless
D.fr instance
（2）A.intensified
B.cnfirmed
C.dismissed
D.encuraged
（3）A.cmplicated
B.engaging
C.unpleasant
D.frightening
（4）A.in questin
B.at large
C.by cmparisn
D.with dubt
（5）A.cmpsitin
B.age
C.sex
D.rigin
（6）A.distinct
B.unidentified
C.alike
D.brken
（7）A.female
B.ld
C.yung
D.male
（8）A.cperatin
B.authrity
C.institute
D.adventure
（9）A.restred
B.extra
C.missing
D.dminant
（10）A.requirement
B.interest
C.cmbinatin
D.emphasis
（11）A.inspiratins
B.lessns
C.inferences
D.cmparisns
（12）A.eliminate
B.mnitr
C.imitate
D.generate
（13）A.rejected
B.cncluded
C.recalled
D.cnfessed
（14）A.high﹣status
B.secret
C.religius
D.peaceful
（15）A.cnclusin
B.evidence
C.respect
D.slutin
（1）A.therefre
B.what's mre
C.nevertheless
D.fr instance
（2）A.intensified
B.cnfirmed
C.dismissed
D.encuraged
（3）A.cmplicated
B.engaging
C.unpleasant
D.frightening
（4）A.in questin
B.at large
C.by cmparisn
D.with dubt
（5）A.cmpsitin
B.age
C.sex
D.rigin
（6）A.distinct
B.unidentified
C.alike
D.brken
（7）A.female
B.ld
C.yung
D.male
（8）A.cperatin
B.authrity
C.institute
D.adventure
（9）A.restred
B.extra
C.missing
D.dminant
（10）A.requirement
B.interest
C.cmbinatin
D.emphasis
（11）A.inspiratins
B.lessns
C.inferences
D.cmparisns
（12）A.eliminate
B.mnitr
C.imitate
D.generate
（13）A.rejected
B.cncluded
C.recalled
D.cnfessed
（14）A.high﹣status
B.secret
C.religius
D.peaceful
（15）A.cnclusin
B.evidence
C.respect
D.slutin