资料中包含下列文件，点击文件名可预览资料内容
还剩22页未读，
继续阅读
北京市西城区2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题（Word版附解析）
展开
这是一份北京市西城区2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题（Word版附解析），文件包含北京市西城区2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷Word版含解析docx、北京市西城区2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷Word版无答案docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共39页， 欢迎下载使用。
本试卷共16页，共140分。考试时长120分钟。
考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷(共75分)
Ⅰ.听力理解(共三节，22.5 分)
第一节: (共 4 小题; 每小题 1.5 分，共 6 分)
听下面四段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听一遍。
1. Hw much will the wman lend the man?
A. 100 yuan. B. 200 yuan. C. 300 yuan.
2. Why desn’t the wman eat dessert?
A. Because she can’t get any.
B. Because she desn’t like it.
C. Because she has a stmachache.
3. What’s the pssible relatinship between the tw speakers?
A. Wrkmates. B. Relatives. C. Classmates.
4 Which club will the man prbably jin?
A. The Basketball Club. B. The Painting Club. C. The Rbt Club.
第二节:(共 6 小题;每小题 1.5 分，共 9 分)
听下面三段对话，每段对话后有两道小题，从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听两遍。听第 5 段材料，回答第 5 至第 6 小题。
5. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. An email. B. A prject. C. A cllege.
6. What d we knw abut the man?
A. He has made sme new friends.
B. He has already finished the vide prject.
C. He wants t knw ther students in the cllege.
听第6段材料，回答第 7 至第 8 小题。
7. What des the man prefer?
A. Reading real bks.
B. Reading n his phne.
C. Reading n cmputers.
8. What will be the tpic f their speech?
A. New ways f reading.
B. Disadvantages f digital reading.
C. Changes f peple’s reading habits.
听第7 段材料，回答第 9 至第 10 小题。
9. What is the man ding?
A. Offering help. B. Asking fr advice. C. Making an aplgy.
10. What can we learn frm the cnversatin?
A. The man is wrking full time.
B. The man has decided t quit his jb.
C. The man has seen the curse intrductin.
第三节：(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，共 7.5 分)
听下面一段独白，根据题目要求在相应的横线上写下第 11 题至第 15 题的关键信息。每小题仅填写一个词。这段独白你将听两遍。
II.完形填空(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，共 22.5 分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Nixn, 59 years ld, was brn and grew up in St. Petersburg. Each mrning, he sits n a bench, watches the sunrise, and cnnects with___1___frm all walks f life.
Eight years ag, he decided t begin each day frm a bench with an impressive view f the St. Petersburg waterfrnt (圣彼得堡海滨), because it made him feel calm and___2___befre starting his day.
Abut a year later, a wman stpped t say hell, and she said smething that___3___Nixn’s view n his daily visit. She said, “Every mrning when I see yu sitting here, I knw everything is ging t be OK.” That’s when Nixn___4___he needed t pay attentin t the peple walking past.
Instead f staring straight ahead at the waterfrnt, Nixn started___5___at peple and talking t them. And pretty sn, sme early risers began___6___him n the bench, smetimes sharing their pressure and asking him fr advice abut persnal prblems.
N matter what prblem a persn wants t___7___, Nixn lends an ear. One day, a cuple came by t talk abut their prblems. The husband was always wrking. It was ruining their___8___. Nixn tld him, “Yu have t knw what’s really imprtant.” The man admitted he’d put everything he had int his___9___fr many years instead f fcusing n his family. “He started t cry and agreed that he needed t____10____,” Nixn says, “We hugged each ther and became friends after that.”
Nixn was always happy t listen, and he listens withut____11____and withut any kind f return expected. “Yu have t listen with an pen heart, because yu never knw wh’s ging t walk up,” Nixn says. He is a lving and lyal____12____t many. Fr thse wh walked past the bench, they were always____13____with a smile and asked hw they were ding.
N tpic is ff limits, but sme peple dn’t want t talk. They simply want t sit next t smene and share the ____14____. Once a wman stpped and just sat with Nixn fr an hur; then she said thanks and walked away. She just wanted a mment f peace and t knw she wasn’t____15____. And at that mment, she truly wasn’t.
1. A. teenagersB. relativesC. strangersD. neighbrs
2. A. peacefulB. excitedC. prudD. surprised
3. A. frmedB. changedC. develpedD. supprted
4. A. agreedB. realizedC. imaginedD. remembered
5. A. pintingB. laughingC. shutingD. smiling
6. A. jiningB. nticingC. leavingD. praising
7. A. airB. faceC. hearD. create
8. A. fameB. successC. marriageD. privacy
9. A. healthB. hbbiesC. kidsD. jb
10. A. give upB. calm dwnC. speak upD. slw dwn
11. A. emtinB. cnsideratinC. judgmentD. interest
12. A. guideB. teacherC. friendD. wrkmate
13. A. huggedB. greetedC. cmpetedD. satisfied
14. A. secretsB. wrriesC. happinessD. silence
15. A. sadB. alneC. stressedD. hpeless
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. D 11. C 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了59岁的Nixn每天早上坐在长椅上和路过的行人打招呼，聊天，带给了大家快乐，然后成为朋友的故事。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天早上，他坐在长椅上，看日出，与各行各业的陌生人交流。A. teenagers青少年；B. relatives亲戚；C. strangers陌生人；D. neighbrs邻居。根据下文“frm all walks f life (来自各行各业的)”可知，这些来自各行各业的人应该只是他坐在长椅上见到的陌生人。故选C项。
【2题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：八年前，他决定每天从一张可以看到圣彼得堡海滨美景的长椅开始，因为这让他在开始一天的工作之前感到平静和安宁。A. peaceful平和的；B. excited兴奋的；C. prud自豪的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据上文“calm”可知，Nixn在开始一天的工作前坐在长椅上感受平静和安宁。故选A项。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约一年后，一位女士停下来打招呼，她说了些事情，这改变了尼克松对自己的每日例行访问的看法。A. frmed构成；B. changed改变；C. develped发展；D. supprted支持。根据下文“That’s when Nixn realized he needed t pay attentin t the peple walking past.(那个时候尼克松意识到他需要注意走过的人。)”可知，这位女士和他的互动使得他的长椅例行访问注意点发生改变，由感受这座城市转为关注行人。故选B项。
【4题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个时候尼克松意识到他需要注意走过的人。A. agreed同意；B. realized意识到；C. imagined想象；D. remembered记起。根据下文“Instead f staring straight ahead at the waterfrnt, Nixn started smiling at peple and talking t them. (尼克松没有再盯着海滨，而是开始对人们微笑并与他们交谈。)”可知，他之所以改变自己的行为，是因为他意识到了什么。故选B项。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尼克松没有再盯着海滨，而是开始对人们微笑并与他们交谈。A. pinting指出；B. laughing大笑；C. shuting大喊；D. smiling微笑。根据下文“And pretty sn, sme early risers began jining him n the bench, smetimes sharing their pressure and asking him fr advice abut persnal prblems.(很快，一些早起的人开始和他一起坐在板凳上，有时分享他们的压力，并向他请教个人问题寻求建议。)”可知，尼克斯逐渐和这些人建立起了良好关系，这说明他对他们很友好，因此可推测他朝着人们微笑。故选D项。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，一些早起人开始和他一起坐在板凳上，有时分享他们的压力，并向他请教个人问题寻求建议。A. jining加入；B. nticing注意；C. leaving离开；D. praising表扬。根据下文最后一段的“They simply want t sit next t smene (他们只是想要坐在某个人的旁边)”可知，这些人加入他的行列，坐在长椅上和他聊天。故选A项。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不管一个人想要公开的是什么问题，尼克松都会倾听。A. air使通风，使公开；B. face面对；C. hear听到；D. create创造。根据下文“Nixn was always happy t listen (尼克松总是很喜欢倾听)”可知，文章反复提及他愿意倾听人们诉说的各种问题，而这个前提是人们愿意向他公开。故选A项。
【8题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这正在毁掉他们的婚姻。A. fame名声；B. success成功；C. marriage婚姻；D. privacy隐私。根据下文“The man admitted he’d put everything he had int his jb fr many years instead f fcusing n his family. (这个男人承认，多年来他把所有的精力都投入到工作中，而不是专注于家庭。)”可知，只顾工作，不管家庭，可能毁掉的应该是家庭。故选C项。
【9题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个男人承认，多年来他把所有的精力都投入到工作中，而不是专注于家庭。A. health健康；B. hbbies爱好；C. kids孩子；D. jb工作；根据上文“The husband was always wrking. (丈夫总是在工作。)”可知，这个男人把精力都投入在工作上了。故选D项。
【10题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：“他开始哭，而且也赞同他需要放缓速度，”尼克松说：“我们互相拥抱，从此之后成为了朋友。” A. give up放弃；B. calm dwn冷静下来；C. speak up明确表态；D. slw dwn放缓。根据上文“The husband was always wrking. (丈夫总是在工作。)”可知，这个男人太忙于工作了，得放缓速度，抽出时间来关注家人。故选D项。
【11题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尼克松总是乐于倾听，他没有评价，也没有任何预期的回应。A. emtin情绪；B. cnsideratin考虑；C. judgment评价；D. interest兴趣；根据下文“withut any kind f return expected (没有任何预期的回应)”可知，尼克松做的只是单纯的倾听，不评价，不从自身出发回应。故选C项。
【12题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对很多人而言，他都是一个有爱的，忠诚的朋友。A. guide导游；B. teacher老师；C. friend朋友；D. wrkmate同事。根据上文“we hugged each ther and became friends after that. (我们互相拥抱，从此之后成为了朋友。)”可知，尼克松和这些陌生人成为了朋友。故选C项。
【13题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于那些走过长椅的人，他们总是面带微笑地打招呼，并问他们过得怎么样。A. hugged拥抱；B. greeted打招呼；C. cmpeted竞争；D. satisfied使满意。根据下文“with a smile and asked hw they were ding (面带微笑，并问他们过得怎么样)”可知，这是尼克松和路过的行人之间的互动，打招呼和交谈。故选B项。
【14题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们只是想坐在某人旁边，并且共享这寂静。A. secrets秘密；B. wrries担忧；C. happiness幸福；D. silence寂静。根据下文“Once a wman stpped and just sat with Nixn fr an hur; then she said thanks and walked away. (有一次，一个女人停下来，和尼克松坐了一个小时；然后她说了声谢谢就走了。)”可知，类似的情况下，两个人不说话保持沉默，那么可想而知很安静。故选D项。
【15题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她只是想要片刻的平和，并且想知道她自己并不孤单。A. sad悲伤的；B. alne孤独的；C. stressed紧张的；D. hpeless不抱希望的。根据下文“And at that mment, she truly wasn’t. (那一刻，她确实不孤独。)”可知，她只是想知道自己并不孤单。故选B项。
III.阅读理解(共 15 小题;每小题 2 分，共 30 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Recreatinal Sprts Membership
Ohi State University has sme f the best recreatin facilities (设施) in the cuntry. Our Recreatin and Physical Activity Center (RPAC) has pened in the past 10 years, whse facilities and prgrams are designed t fit all yur needs and schedule.
RPAC Membership Rights
A membership is yur ticket t take advantage f all the facilities and prgrams.
Classes and prgrams
Grup fitness, sprt clubs and utdr adventure prgrams are nly available t current RPAC members. Yu can attend unlimited free grup fitness classes as part f yur membership. An extra payment will be required if yu prefer persnal training classes.
Guests and Family Participatin
Members may spnsr up t tw guests during a visit. A daily guest pass is required fr each guest t enter RPAC, and members must be present at the time f buying a pass. The pass is accepted at all facilities fr unlimited re-entries in a ne-day perid.
RPAC aims t ffer a family-friendly envirnment. Members are able t enjy quality time with their families free f charge in a variety f family-friendly accmmdatins, including family changing rms, the Lunge game rm, and Leisure pl.
Lcker and Twel Rental
RPAC ffers full-service men’s and wmen’s lcker rms featuring large and medium size lckers, which can be rented either mnthly r yearly. RPAC twel service is available in additin t day lckers at varius lcatins thrughut the facility.
RPAC Membership Respnsibilities
In an effrt t create a welcming and safe envirnment fr all members, yu have the respnsibility t fllw the fllwing plicies:
Filming and phtgraphy in the facilities must be apprved in advance.
Cell phne phtgraphy and vide are nt permitted in lcker rms.
Fighting and rugh play are nt permitted in all facilities.
Shes are required in all public areas f all indr facilities, except fr lcker rms and swimming pls.
All equipment checked-ut frm RPAC must be returned at the required check-in time. Yu may be charged fr the equipment returned late r damaged.
Please cntact member services if yu have any ther questins abut yur RPAC membership.
16. What can a RPAC member d fr free?
A. Enjy family time in Leisure pl.
B. Attend persnal training classes.
C. Use a lcker fr a whle year.
D. Take a guest t all facilities.
17. Which is ne f the member’s respnsibilities?
A. Wearing shes in all public areas.
B. N cell phne use in lcker rms.
C. N filming and phtgraphy in all areas.
D. Returning checked-ut equipment n time.
18. The passage is prbably taken frm ______.
A. a university websiteB. a research paper
C. a science magazineD. a gvernment reprt
【答案】16. A 17. D 18. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了俄亥俄州立大学的娱乐健身中心及其会员权利。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Guests and Family Participatin ”中第二段第二句“Members are able t enjy quality time with their families free f charge in a variety f family-friendly accmmdatins, including family changing rms, the Lunge game rm, and Leisure pl. ”（在我们提供的多种服务设施中，会员可以免费享受和家人的黄金时光，包括家庭更衣室，休息游戏室，休闲池。）可知，会员及家人使用休闲池是免费的。故选A项。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据“RPAC Membership Respnsibilities ”中第六段第一句“All equipment checked-ut frm RPAC must be returned at the required check-in time. ”（所有的RPAC的退房设备必须在规定时间内归还。）可知，必须准时归还所有的设备。故选D项。
【18题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句 “Ohi State University has sme f the best recreatin facilities (设施) in the cuntry. ”（俄亥俄州立大学拥有一些美国最好的消遣娱乐设施）并结合文章对RPAC的介绍可知，文章主要介绍了大学的娱乐健身中心，最可能出现在大学网站上。故选A项。
B
A child science genius(天才)has wwed his prfessrs and classmates by becming a cllege graduate at the age f 13. Ellitt Tanner recently graduated frm the University f Minnesta with a bachelr’s (学士) degree in physics, with a minr in mathematics.
Ellitt’s parents are very prud f the hard wrk and devtin he shwed t get his degree at such a yung age and are pleased that he has becme an inspiratin t lts f peple. Ellitt’s mm said, “He als inspires us t be better peple every day.”
Ellitt’s parents first realized their sn was gifted at the age 3, when he displayed amazing language and math skills. It became clear that a traditinal educatin experience wuld nt be a gd fit fr him. Ellitt was then hmeschled by his parents. “Ellitt ended up learning and using infrmatin quicker than we culd prvide it,” his mther added.
By age 9, Ellitt had already cmpleted mst f the nrmal high schl curses, and his parents were struggling t keep up with him. S they sent him t the lcal cmmunity cllege, where Ellitt really develped his passin (热爱) fr physics. “Fr a lng time, I wanted t be a mathematician,” Ellitt said. “Then I was intrduced t a physics class, and that really inspired me t learn mre abut the secrets f the wrld.”
When he was 11 years ld, Ellitt mved t the University f Minnesta t start studying physics and math. Althugh his cllege experience is a little different frm that f his classmates, Ellitt still hangs ut with his peers in the student lunge, discussing hmewrk, debating physics tpics r watching mvies. Being with peple that are just as passinate abut physics as he is has been pleasing enugh fr him.
One f the biggest challenges Ellitt and his family have faced is criticism nline frm peple wh make judgments abut what his life must be like. Many peple believe he can’t have many scial skills. Hwever, Ellitt has always enjyed interacting with kids his wn age. He lves playing with ther neighbrhd children, and just like the ther kids, Ellitt ges trick-r-treating n Hallween, but in an academic way: He dresses up as Albert Einstein, his favrite scientist.
Ellitt has been accepted int the University f Minnesta’s PhD prgram and will start his study next year. In the future, Ellitt aims t be a prfessr at the University f Minnesta and becme an expert in physics. “I can’t wait t get started,” he said.
19. What did Ellitt’s parents d when they realized he was gifted?
A. They sent him t a nrmal high schl.
B. They asked fr advice frm universities.
C. They taught him by themselves at hme.
D. They helped him fit int traditinal educatin.
20. When Ellitt mved t the University f Minnesta, he ______.
A. discvered his passin fr physics
B. enjyed staying with his classmates
C. dressed up as Albert Einstein in class
D. refused t play with kids his wn age
21. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Ellitt has few scial skills.
B. Ellitt lves explring the wrld.
C. Ellitt has n talent fr language.
D. Ellitt hpes t be a mathematician.
22. Frm Ellitt’s stry, we knw that ______.
A. physics is the mst imprtant subject
B. children shuld be educated at hme
C. geniuses need supprt just as we d
D. the earlier kids start schl, the better
【答案】19. C 20. B 21. B 22. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介讲述美国神童9岁上大学，13岁被博士班录取，梦想成为理论物理学家。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“It became clear that a traditinal educatin experience wuld nt be a gd fit fr him. Ellitt was then hmeschled by his parents. (很明显，传统的教育经历并不适合他。埃利奥特在家里接受父母的教育。)”可知，埃利奥特的父母发现他有天赋后，他们在家自己教他。故选C。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“When he was 11 years ld, Ellitt mved t the University f Minnesta t start studying physics and math. Althugh his cllege experience is a little different frm that f his classmates, Ellitt still hangs ut with his peers in the student lunge, discussing hmewrk, debating physics tpics r watching mvies. Being with peple that are just as passinate abut physics as he is has been pleasing enugh fr him. (11岁时，埃利奥特搬到明尼苏达大学开始学习物理和数学。尽管他的大学经历与他的同学们有些不同，但埃利奥特仍然和他的同学们在学生休息室闲逛，讨论作业，辩论物理话题或看电影。和他一样对物理充满热情的人在一起对他来说已经足够愉快了。)”可知，当埃利奥特搬到明尼苏达大学时，他喜欢和同学呆在一起。故选B。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Then I was intrduced t a physics class, and that really inspired me t learn mre abut the secrets f the wrld. (后来我被介绍上了一门物理课，这真的激励了我去了解更多关于世界的秘密。)”可知，埃利奥特喜欢探索世界。故选B。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Ellitt was then hmeschled by his parents. (埃利奥特在家里接受父母的教育。)” 和第六段“One f the biggest challenges Ellitt and his family have faced is criticism nline frm peple wh make judgments abut what his life must be like.(埃利奥特和他的家人面临的最大挑战之一是网上那些对他的生活做出判断的人的批评。)”可推断，从艾略特的故事中，我们知道天才和我们一样需要家人和社会的支持。故选C。
C
If yu’re tired f yur phne, yu’re nt alne. Peple receive between arund 60 and 80 daily ntificatins (通知) n average, and sme f us may get as many as 200. These seemingly endless dings and buzzes can really affect ur wellbeing. Research has linked them t depressin and anxiety, and they may even cause prblems assciated with ADHD (多动症).
These utcmes may result frm the fact that frequent phne interruptins increase ur cgnitive lad (认知负荷), r the amunt f infrmatin prcessed by the wrking memry. We nly have s much mental capacity, and the extra effrt it takes t switch between tasks can make us tired, less fcused and disrupt (扰乱) emtinal regulatin. Additinally, in this state, we even experience a less accurate perceptin f time—we feel time is passing faster than in reality, which wuld eventually lead us t verlk results and cause hurried decisins, fr example, buying a pricey dress withut thinking it thrugh.
With the fact that cell phne ntificatins can mess with ur brains, scientists have sught ut ways t cunteract these effects. One pssible slutin: Scheduling ntificatins int batches (批次) that arrive at certain times f the day with the help f certain apps. Fr example, yu culd chse t keep things quiet except fr at 7 am, nn and 5 pm t g with waking up, taking a lunch break and heading hme frm schl. In a 2019 study, researchers assigned 237 participants (参与者) int three grups, including thse wh received all their ntificatins three times a day, hurly, r nne at all. The three-times-a-day grup said they felt mre prductive, attentive, in a better md and in greater cntrl f their phnes than the ther tw grups, while the ntificatin-free grup experienced mre anxiety and fear f missing ut.
Besides, sme researchers have argued that mre persnalized user design is pssible. Develpers shuld pay attentin t hw peple interact with their devices. With the help f a machine learning mdel, ur phne can autmatically learn frm ur past behavir what types f ntificatin we want t receive first, such as messages frm relatives. Thus, certain ntificatins can be delivered at suitable times.
This highly individualized methd culd be beneficial, but mre individuality means mre phne mnitring, which intrduces yet anther prblem: In the struggle t free urselves frm tech addictin, it isn’t clear whether mre mnitring is the slutin, r just adding mre fuel t the fire.
23. What is the pssible result f frequent phne ntificatins?
A. The wrking memry prcesses less infrmatin.
B. Time passes faster than what we are usually used t.
C. We tend t have distractin and emtinal disruptins.
D. We weigh the pssible results befre making decisins.
24. What d we knw abut the 2019 study?
A. The study lasted three years.
B. The cmparative methd was used.
C. The nne-at-all grup felt mre prductive.
D. Participants were addicted t their mbile phnes.
25. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Depressin and anxiety lead us t rely n ur phnes.
B. Adding extra phne mnitring can free us frm tech addictin.
C. The fewer phne ntificatins received, the better we cntrl ur phnes.
D. Persnalized user design helps phnes decide what ntificatins cme first.
26. What is the purpse f writing this passage?
A. T warn us against the phne veruse.
B T draw ur attentin t the prblems f ADHD.
C. T stress the imprtance f cntrlling ur phnes.
D. T discuss ways t handle frequent phne ntificatins.
【答案】23. C 24. B 25. D 26. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了电话通知过多给人体造成了不良影响，并探讨了产生的原因和解决措施。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一二句“These utcmes may result frm the fact that frequent phne interruptins increase ur cgnitive lad (认知负荷), r the amunt f infrmatin prcessed by the wrking memry. We nly have s much mental capacity, and the extra effrt it takes t switch between tasks can make us tired, less fcused and disrupt (扰乱) emtinal regulatin. (这些结果可能是由于频繁的电话中断增加了我们的认知负荷，或由工作记忆处理的信息量。我们只有这么多的脑力，在不同任务之间转换所需的额外努力会使我们感到疲惫、注意力不集中，并且扰乱情绪调节。)”可知，频繁的电话通知会增加工作记忆需要处理的信息量，因此脑力有限的我们会感到疲惫、注意力不集中，并且扰乱情绪调节。故选C项。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段倒数第二句“In a 2019 study, researchers assigned 237 participants (参与者) int three grups, including thse wh received all their ntificatins three times a day, hurly, r nne at all. (在2019年的一项研究中，研究人员将237名参与者分为三组，包括那些一天三次收到通知、每小时收到通知或根本没有收到通知的人。)”可知，参与者被分为三组，即对比分析法在这个研究中被使用。故选B项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Besides, sme researchers have argued that mre persnalized user design is pssible. Develpers shuld pay attentin t hw peple interact with their devices. With the help f a machine learning mdel, ur phne can autmatically learn frm ur past behavir what types f ntificatin we want t receive first, such as messages frm relatives. Thus, certain ntificatins can be delivered at suitable times. (此外，一些研究人员认为，更个性化的用户设计是可能的。开发人员应该注意人们如何与他们的设备互动。在机器学习模型的帮助下，我们的手机可以自动从我们过去的行为中了解我们希望首先收到什么类型的通知，例如来自亲戚的消息。因此，可以在适当的时间发送某些通知。)”可知，一些研究人员的观点表明个性化的用户设计可能能够帮助手机设定什么样的通知先发送。故选D项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“Peple receive between arund 60 and 80 daily ntificatins (通知) n average, and sme f us may get as many as 200. (平均而言，人们每天收到大约60到80条通知，我们中的一些人可能会得到200条之多。)”可知，本文第一段指出手机通知过多这一问题现状；根据第二段第一句“These utcmes may result frm the fact that frequent phne interruptins increase ur cgnitive lad (认知负荷), r the amunt f infrmatin prcessed by the wrking memry. (这些结果可能是由于频繁的电话中断增加了我们的认知负荷, 或由工作记忆处理的信息量。)”可知，第二段探讨这一问题出现的原因；根据第三段第一句“With the fact that cell phne ntificatins can mess with ur brains, scientists have sught ut ways t cunteract these effects. (由于手机通知会干扰我们的大脑，科学家们已经找到了抵消这些影响的方法。)”可知，后三段则探讨解决这一问题的办法，即解决问题的办法才是本文的重中之重，即写作目的。故选D项。
D
Students meet at the university campus fr classes during their 20s. This classical mdel f time, actin and place has traditinally prduced famus universities, but it is nw challenged by the digitalizatin f sciety—which allws everybdy wh is cnnected t the Internet t access learning—and by the need t acquire skills in step with fast develpment f technlgy. Universities must realize that learning in the 20s wn’t be enugh.
By teaching fundatinal knwledge and up-t-date skills, universities need t prvide students with the future-prf skills f lifelng learning, nt just get them ‘jb-ready’. Sme universities already play an imprtant rle in lifelng learning as they want t keep the value f their diplmas (文凭). This new rle cmes with a huge set f challenges and needs largely t be invented. One way t start this transfrmatin prcess culd be t g beynd the ‘diplma mdel’ t adapt university educatin t lifelng learning. We call this mdel the lifelng learning passprt.
The Bachelr’s degree culd be students’ passprt t lifelng learning. Fr the first few years, students wuld ‘learn t learn’ and get endwed with reasning skills that remain with them fr the rest f their lives. Fr instance, physics allws students t bserve and integrate (融合) bservatins int mdels and, smetimes, mdels int theries r laws that can be used t make predictins. Mathematics is the language used t develp the laws f physics r ecnmy. These tw subjects naturally frm the basic pillars (支柱) f educatin in technical universities.
Recent advances in cmputatinal methds and data science push us int rethinking science and engineering. Cmputers increasingly becme the mst imprtant actrs in prcessing data and frmulating questins, which requires cmpletely new ways f reasning. Therefre, a new subject integrating cmputer science, prgramming, statistics and machine learning shuld be added t the traditinal fundatinal tpics f mathematics and physics. These three pillars wuld allw yu t keep learning technical subjects all yur life.
Accrding t this new mdel, the Master f Science (MSc) wuld becme the first stamp in the lifelng learning jurney. The new MSc diplma becmes a set f accmplished prjects and a list f technical skills. It is pen-ended and must be updated thrughut life, as technlgies and their applicatins change faster than ever.
Universities have a fundamental rle t play in this jurney, and higher educatin is in fr a change. The ld university mdel prduced talent and value fr sciety. We are nt supprting its ablitin (废除) but rather calling fr the adaptatin f its characteristics t meet the needs f tday.
27. What is the main idea f Paragraph 1?
A. Technlgical develpment challenges the university mdel.
B. The classical mdel serves famus universities well.
C. Students dn’t meet at campus due t digitalizatin.
D. Universities cntinue t imprve wrker skills.
28. What can be learnt frm the passage?
A. The students get a lifelng passprt with a Bachelr’s degree.
B. The three pillars help with cntinuus learning in technlgy.
C. Physics and mathematics are enugh fr learning technlgy.
D. MSc prgrammes are the mst imprtant fr lifelng learning.
29. What des the underlined phrase “get endwed with” in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. Be cncerned with.B. Make rm fr.
C. Be equipped with.D. Make preparatins fr.
30. What’s the best title f the passage?
A. Changes t university prjects
B. Imprtance f Lifelng Learning
C Develpment f Further Educatin
D. Necessity t Adapt University Mdel
【答案】27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为何大学应采用终身学习的新模式以适应时代需要。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“This classical mdel f time, actin and place has traditinally prduced famus universities, but it is nw challenged by the digitalizatin f sciety—which allws everybdy wh is cnnected t the Internet t access learning—and by the need t acquire skills in step with fast develpment f technlgy. (这种时间、行为和地点的经典模式传统上造就了著名的大学，但现在它受到了社会数字化的挑战——它允许每个连接到互联网的人都能获得学习的机会——以及需要获得与技术快速发展同步的技能。)”可知，本段主要介绍技术发展对大学模式的挑战。故选A。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Therefre, a new subject integrating cmputer science, prgramming, statistics and machine learning shuld be added t the traditinal fundatinal tpics f mathematics and physics. These three pillars wuld allw yu t keep learning technical subjects all yur life. (因此，在传统的数学和物理基础学科之外，应该增加一门集计算机科学、编程、统计学和机器学习于一体的新学科。这三大支柱将使你一生都能不断学习技术科目。)”可知，三大支柱有助于技术的持续学习。故选B。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。根据后文举例“Fr instance, physics allws students t bserve and integrate (融合) bservatins int mdels and, smetimes, mdels int theries r laws that can be used t make predictins. (例如，物理学允许学生观察并将观察结果整合到模型中，有时，将模型整合到可以用于预测的理论或定律中。)”可知，学生们将“学会学习”，并被赋予了推理技能。所以get endwed with为“赋予；具备”之意。故选C。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Universities have a fundamental rle t play in this jurney, and higher educatin is in fr a change. The ld university mdel prduced talent and value fr sciety. We are nt supprting its ablitin (废除) but rather calling fr the adaptatin f its characteristics t meet the needs f tday.(在这一过程中，大学扮演着重要角色，高等教育也将迎来变革。旧的大学模式为社会培养人才和价值。我们不支持废除它，而是呼吁调整它的特点以满足今天的需要。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍为何大学应采用终身学习的新模式以适应时代需要。所以“Necessity t Adapt University Mdel(调整大学模式的必要性)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
第Ⅱ卷(共 65 分)
Ⅰ.选词填空(共 7 小题;每小题 2 分，共 14 分)
用方框中单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每个单词只能用一次。
31. She tld me t be ______ and lk n the bright side.
32. Grwing up in a big city, he fund living in the village was ______.
33. The music festival is held ______ in Shanghai. I g there t enjy music every year.
34. There are many ______ f ding sprts. Fr example, it can reduce stress.
35. The accident was due t ______ driving.
36. Listening t music ______ us t feel relaxed.
37. Yu shuld nt take advantage f his ______ by demanding t much.
【答案】31. cheerful
32. challenging
33. annually
34. benefits
35. careless
36. enables
37. kindness
【解析】
【31题详解】
考查形容词。句意：她告诉我要乐观，要往好的方面看。句中be动词后用形容词作表语。形容词cheerful为“高兴的；快乐的”之意。结合句意，故填cheerful。
【32题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在大城市长大的他发现在农村生活很有挑战性。句中was后用形容词作表语。形容词challenging为“具有挑战性的”之意。结合句意，故填challenging。
【33题详解】
考查副词。句意：这个音乐节每年在上海举行一次。我每年都去那里欣赏音乐。句中用副词作状语。副词annually为“每年”之意。结合句意，故填annually。
【34题详解】
考查名词。句意：做运动有很多好处。例如，它可以减轻压力。名词benefit为“好处”之意。形容词many后接可数名词的复数形式。结合句意，故填benefits。
【35题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这起事故是由于粗心驾驶造成的。名词driving前用形容词修饰。形容词careless为“粗心的”之意。结合句意，故填careless。
【36题详解】
考查动词。句意：听音乐能使我们感到放松。动词enable为“使能够”之意。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。动名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。结合句意，故填enables。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：你不应该利用他的善良而要求太多。形容词物主代词his后接名词形式。不可数名词kindness为“好意、善良”之意。结合句意，故填kindness。
II.语法填空(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分，共 10 分)
在未给提示词的空白处填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
38. Tny ______ (travel) t the village schl with an eager heart in 2010. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】travelled
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：2010年，托尼怀着一颗渴望的心去了乡村学校。分析句意可知，谓语动词travel“到...旅行”需要使用一般过去时，因为时间状语2010为过去的时间。故填travelled。
39. Is it pssible that human wrkers ______ (replace) by rbts in the near future? (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】will be replaced
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：有没有可能在不久的将来人类工人将会被机器人取代？分析句意可知此处主语human wrkers “人类工人”和谓语动词replace“取代”构成被动关系，且时间状语in the near future表明谓语动词使用一般将来时，故谓语动词需要使用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be replaced。
40. As a traditin, all the family members gather tgether ______ (celebrate) the Mid-Autumn Festival. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】t celebrate
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为传统，所有的家庭成员聚在一起庆祝中秋节。用不定式在句中作目的状语。根据句意，故填t celebrate。
41. The park ______is in the center f twn has beautiful, big trees. （用适当的单词填空）
【答案】which/ that
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：位于镇中心的公园有美丽的大树。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是the park，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以空处需用关系代词which/ that引导定语从句。故填which/ that。
42. Last year, hundreds f cmpanies ______ (attract) t the Internatinal Imprt Exp. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】were attracted
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：去年，数百家公司被吸引去参加国际进口博览会。根据句意可知，此处需要谓语动词，时间状语是“Last year”，要用一般过去时。主语“hundreds f cmpanies ”和“attract”之间是被动关系，要用被动语态be dne, 主语是复数,所以be动词用were。故填were attracted。
43. This prject can ffer valuable help t students ______ have difficulties in getting certain knwledge. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】wh##that
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个项目可以为学习某些知识有困难的学生提供有价值的帮助。句中先行词为students ，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词wh或that引导。根据句意，故填wh/that。
44. Althugh they were ______ (disappint) at the result f the game, they knew the experience was wrth mre than any prize. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】disappinted
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：尽管他们对比赛的结果感到失望，但他们知道这一经历比任何奖品都更有价值。分析句意可知，此处动词disappint“使失望”需要改为形容词形式disappinted作表语，表示“他们”的心情是感到失望的。故填disappinted。
45. If yu’d like sme inspiratin, we have a lt f speakers ______ lectures can give yu sme awesme ideas. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】whse
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：如果你想要一些灵感，我们有很多演讲者，他们的讲座可以给你一些很棒的想法。f分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，句中先行词为speakers，且从句中缺少名词lectures的定语，所以用关系代词whse引导。故填whse。
46. Scientists all ver the wrld are seeking a gd way ______ (prevent) depressin. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】t prevent
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：全世界的科学家都在寻找一种预防抑郁症的好方法。way t d sth.做某事的方法。根据句意，故填t prevent。
47. Befre mving t Lndn, I thught city life must be ______ (excite) and full f surprises. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】exciting
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：在搬到伦敦之前，我以为城市生活一定令人兴奋，充满惊喜。空处应用形容词作表语，修饰主语city life，所以用-ing形式形容词修饰物，exciting表示“令人兴奋的”。故填exciting。
III.完成句子(共 5 小题; 第 63、64 题每题 2 分, 第 65、66、67 题每题 3 分,共 13 分)
根据括号中所给提示完成下列句子。
48. 他们在湖边搭起了一个帐篷。(put up) (汉译英)
【答案】They put up a tent by the lake.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。 put up搭建；by the lake在湖边。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。根据句意，故翻译为They put up a tent by the lake.
49. 我将努力准时到达。(make an effrt) (汉译英)
【答案】I will make an effrt t arrive n time.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。“我”译作人称代词主格I；“努力”译作词组make an effrt，因表示将来的动作，故使用一般将来时；“准时”译作词组n time；“到达”译作不及物动词arrive。故答案为I will make an effrt t arrive n time。
50. 我们要关注自己身边发生的变化。(fcus n) (汉译英)
【答案】We shuld fcus n the changes that/which are taking place arund us.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、时态和定语从句。“我们要关注变化”为主句，“自己身边发生的变化”写成定语从句，fcus n关注；take place发生。句中先行词为the changes，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。从句表示正在发生的事情，所以用现在进行时。主句用情态动词shuld，表示“应该，应当”。根据句意，故翻译为We shuld fcus n the changes that/which are taking place arund us.
51. 一进博物馆，那漂亮的海报就吸引了我的目光。(catch ne’s eye) (汉译英)
【答案】That new pster caught my eye as sn as I entered the museum.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词，动词词组和从句。“一进博物馆”，其实就是主句主语“我”发出的动作，因此可译作用连词as sn as “一...就”引导时间状语从句“I entered the museum”放在主句之后；“那漂亮的海报”可译作名词短语that new pster，做主句主语；“就吸引了我的目光”可译作动词词组catch my eye，因动作已发生，谓语动词catch使用一般过去时需要使用的过去式形式，caught。故答案为That new pster caught my eye as sn as I entered the museum。
52. 如果你对这个活动感兴趣，请下周一之前来报名。(sign up) (汉译英)
【答案】If yu’re interested in this activity, please cme t sign up fr it befre next Mnday.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、时态和状语从句。be interested in对……感兴趣；cme t来到；sign up fr登记报名；next Mnday下周一。根据句意，用if引导条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用祈使句。根据句意，故翻译为If yu’re interested in this activity, please cme t sign up fr it befre next Mnday.
IV.阅读表达(共 4 小题; 每小题 2 分, 共 8 分)
阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容，在相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。
I had a great interest in researching the tpic f hw t imprve yur sense f directin, because my wn sense f directin is abslutely terrible. Take ging t the tilet in a restaurant, fr example. I can find my way there easily enugh because there are signs pinting me in the right directin. But getting back t my table is anther stry. After all, there are n helpful signs saying, “This is where yu were sitting less than five minutes ag”.
Hwever, rather than accept the situatin f myself frequently walking int cupbards and backtracking dwn dead ends, I’m determined t give my sense f directin a much-needed imprvement.
Nwadays, f curse, it’s easy t rely n GPS (全球卫星定位系统)t find yur way. But if yu really want t imprve yur sense f directin, it’s a gd idea t cunt n yurself.
Studying a map and memrizing the way befre yu set ut des have its benefits—nt least because the amunt f mental energy it requires means it’s mre likely t stick in yur mind. Lking at electrnic maps n a big screen—r even studying a paper map—als allws yu t get a sense f that all-imprtant bigger picture and hw everywhere fits tgether.
Paying full attentin is key, t. It’s imprtant t ntice what’s arund yu—in all directins. Instead f staring straight ahead, make sure yu lk up, dwn and behind yu as well. This will cme in particularly useful when yu’re n the return jurney—even if it’s just finding yur way back frm the tilet in a restaurant.
Try t relax when yu’re n unfamiliar grund. It’s all t easy t be anxius and afraid if yu imagine yu may be lst—but this sudden feeling f anxiety will nly prevent yu frm calmly wrking ut which way t g. Besides, getting lst is ne f the best ways t discver new places and add mre detail t that ever-grwing mental map—bth f which will help yu becme “directin smarter” in the lng term.
Finally, yur sense f directin is a use-it-r-lse-it skill. If yu nly stick t the ways yu already knw, it’s never ging t get any better. S nw’s the time t start explring!
53. Why is the writer interested in the tpic f hw t imprve yur sense f directin? (不多于9个单词)
_________________________________________________________________
54. When is it particularly useful t ntice what’s arund yu? (不多于6个单词)
_________________________________________________________________
55. What is the benefit f getting lst? (不多于12个单词)
_________________________________________________________________
56. Nwadays peple are increasingly relying n GPS t find their way. What d yu think f that? (单词数不限)
_________________________________________________________________
【答案】53. Because his/her wn sense f directin is abslutely terrible.
54. When yu’re n the return jurney.
55. T discver new places. / T add mre detail t that ever-grwing mental map.
56. While GPS makes it easy fr us t find ur way arund, it can fail, break and leave us high and dry. S we can’t rely t much n GPS t find ur way.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我们如何培养自己的方向感。
【53题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段“I had a great interest in researching the tpic f hw t imprve yur sense f directin, because my wn sense f directin is abslutely terrible. (我对研究如何提高方向感这个话题非常感兴趣，因为我自己的方向感非常糟糕。)”可知，作者对如何提高方向感这个话题感兴趣，是因为他/她自己的方向感非常糟糕。故答案为Because his/her wn sense f directin is abslutely terrible.
【54题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第五段“This will cme in particularly useful when yu’re n the return jurney—even if it’s just finding yur way back frm the tilet in a restaurant. (这在你回程的时候尤其有用——即使只是从餐馆的厕所里找路回来。)”可知，当你在回程的时候注意周围的事物特别有用。故答案为When yu’re n the return jurney.
【55题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第六段“Besides, getting lst is ne f the best ways t discver new places and add mre detail t that ever-grwing mental map—bth f which will help yu becme “directin smarter” in the lng term. (此外，迷路是发现新地方的最好方法之一，也能给不断扩大的大脑地图增添更多细节——从长远来看，这两种方法都能帮助你变得“方向感更聪明”。)”可知，迷路可以帮助我们去发现新的地方，也能够为不断扩大的大脑地图增添更多细节。故答案为T discver new places. / T add mre detail t that ever-grwing mental map.
【56题详解】
开放题。要求考生评价现在人们越来越依赖GPS来找路的现象，考生言之有理即可。故参考答案为While GPS makes it easy fr us t find ur way arund, it can fail, break and leave us high and dry. S we can’t rely t much n GPS t find ur way.
V.书面表达(20分)
57. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国朋友 Jim 在给你的邮件中提到他们学校的国际文化周要开始了，他们班将要举办一次中国文化展。因此，他向你询求建议，请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1. 推荐展示的内容及形式；
2. 陈述推荐理由。
注意：1.词数不少于 50；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
It’s a great delight t hear that yur class is ging t prmte Chinese Culture! Chinese culture is splendid with many unique elements, and I’m glad t recmmend sme f them t yu.
I think yu can hld a small exhibitin with bth traditinal and mdern Chinese culture elements n display. Fr example, different Huawei phnes and mdels f bullet trains can be shwn n shelves, while a hands-n area can als be prvided, where students can try t make their wn paper cuts and dumplings. In this way, the advanced technlgy f mdern China, tgether with its lng-lasting traditinal culture, can definitely attract students and meet different needs.
Abve are sme f my ideas that I hpe can be helpful. I wish this activity great success and please let me knw hw it ges!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友 Jim 回复一封邮件，向他推荐中国文化展展示的内容及形式，并陈述推荐理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴：delight →pleasure
极好的：splendid→ magnificent
例如：fr example→fr instance
同……一起：tgether with →alng with
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Chinese culture is splendid with many unique elements, and I’m glad t recmmend sme f them t yu.
拓展句：Chinese culture is splendid with many unique elements, sme f which I’m glad t recmmend t yu.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Fr example, different Huawei phnes and mdels f bullet trains can be shwn n shelves, while a hands-n area can als be prvided, where students can try t make their wn paper cuts and dumplings.（运用了while引导状语从句和where引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Abve are sme f my ideas that I hpe can be helpful.（运用了倒装句和that引导的限制性定语从句）
Intrductin t Eclife Agricultural Park
Aim
t give educatinal pprtunities t the 11
t awaken interest in plant life
t prvide visitrs enjyment
Areas
Green Ranch
We 12 different animals.
Fish 13
Many f the fish are fr 14 .
Angel Garden
A wide variety f 15 are grwn.
able, care, cheer, annual, challenge, benefit, kind
本试卷共16页，共140分。考试时长120分钟。
考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷(共75分)
Ⅰ.听力理解(共三节，22.5 分)
第一节: (共 4 小题; 每小题 1.5 分，共 6 分)
听下面四段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听一遍。
1. Hw much will the wman lend the man?
A. 100 yuan. B. 200 yuan. C. 300 yuan.
2. Why desn’t the wman eat dessert?
A. Because she can’t get any.
B. Because she desn’t like it.
C. Because she has a stmachache.
3. What’s the pssible relatinship between the tw speakers?
A. Wrkmates. B. Relatives. C. Classmates.
4 Which club will the man prbably jin?
A. The Basketball Club. B. The Painting Club. C. The Rbt Club.
第二节:(共 6 小题;每小题 1.5 分，共 9 分)
听下面三段对话，每段对话后有两道小题，从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听两遍。听第 5 段材料，回答第 5 至第 6 小题。
5. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. An email. B. A prject. C. A cllege.
6. What d we knw abut the man?
A. He has made sme new friends.
B. He has already finished the vide prject.
C. He wants t knw ther students in the cllege.
听第6段材料，回答第 7 至第 8 小题。
7. What des the man prefer?
A. Reading real bks.
B. Reading n his phne.
C. Reading n cmputers.
8. What will be the tpic f their speech?
A. New ways f reading.
B. Disadvantages f digital reading.
C. Changes f peple’s reading habits.
听第7 段材料，回答第 9 至第 10 小题。
9. What is the man ding?
A. Offering help. B. Asking fr advice. C. Making an aplgy.
10. What can we learn frm the cnversatin?
A. The man is wrking full time.
B. The man has decided t quit his jb.
C. The man has seen the curse intrductin.
第三节：(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，共 7.5 分)
听下面一段独白，根据题目要求在相应的横线上写下第 11 题至第 15 题的关键信息。每小题仅填写一个词。这段独白你将听两遍。
II.完形填空(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，共 22.5 分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Nixn, 59 years ld, was brn and grew up in St. Petersburg. Each mrning, he sits n a bench, watches the sunrise, and cnnects with___1___frm all walks f life.
Eight years ag, he decided t begin each day frm a bench with an impressive view f the St. Petersburg waterfrnt (圣彼得堡海滨), because it made him feel calm and___2___befre starting his day.
Abut a year later, a wman stpped t say hell, and she said smething that___3___Nixn’s view n his daily visit. She said, “Every mrning when I see yu sitting here, I knw everything is ging t be OK.” That’s when Nixn___4___he needed t pay attentin t the peple walking past.
Instead f staring straight ahead at the waterfrnt, Nixn started___5___at peple and talking t them. And pretty sn, sme early risers began___6___him n the bench, smetimes sharing their pressure and asking him fr advice abut persnal prblems.
N matter what prblem a persn wants t___7___, Nixn lends an ear. One day, a cuple came by t talk abut their prblems. The husband was always wrking. It was ruining their___8___. Nixn tld him, “Yu have t knw what’s really imprtant.” The man admitted he’d put everything he had int his___9___fr many years instead f fcusing n his family. “He started t cry and agreed that he needed t____10____,” Nixn says, “We hugged each ther and became friends after that.”
Nixn was always happy t listen, and he listens withut____11____and withut any kind f return expected. “Yu have t listen with an pen heart, because yu never knw wh’s ging t walk up,” Nixn says. He is a lving and lyal____12____t many. Fr thse wh walked past the bench, they were always____13____with a smile and asked hw they were ding.
N tpic is ff limits, but sme peple dn’t want t talk. They simply want t sit next t smene and share the ____14____. Once a wman stpped and just sat with Nixn fr an hur; then she said thanks and walked away. She just wanted a mment f peace and t knw she wasn’t____15____. And at that mment, she truly wasn’t.
1. A. teenagersB. relativesC. strangersD. neighbrs
2. A. peacefulB. excitedC. prudD. surprised
3. A. frmedB. changedC. develpedD. supprted
4. A. agreedB. realizedC. imaginedD. remembered
5. A. pintingB. laughingC. shutingD. smiling
6. A. jiningB. nticingC. leavingD. praising
7. A. airB. faceC. hearD. create
8. A. fameB. successC. marriageD. privacy
9. A. healthB. hbbiesC. kidsD. jb
10. A. give upB. calm dwnC. speak upD. slw dwn
11. A. emtinB. cnsideratinC. judgmentD. interest
12. A. guideB. teacherC. friendD. wrkmate
13. A. huggedB. greetedC. cmpetedD. satisfied
14. A. secretsB. wrriesC. happinessD. silence
15. A. sadB. alneC. stressedD. hpeless
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. D 11. C 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了59岁的Nixn每天早上坐在长椅上和路过的行人打招呼，聊天，带给了大家快乐，然后成为朋友的故事。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天早上，他坐在长椅上，看日出，与各行各业的陌生人交流。A. teenagers青少年；B. relatives亲戚；C. strangers陌生人；D. neighbrs邻居。根据下文“frm all walks f life (来自各行各业的)”可知，这些来自各行各业的人应该只是他坐在长椅上见到的陌生人。故选C项。
【2题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：八年前，他决定每天从一张可以看到圣彼得堡海滨美景的长椅开始，因为这让他在开始一天的工作之前感到平静和安宁。A. peaceful平和的；B. excited兴奋的；C. prud自豪的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据上文“calm”可知，Nixn在开始一天的工作前坐在长椅上感受平静和安宁。故选A项。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约一年后，一位女士停下来打招呼，她说了些事情，这改变了尼克松对自己的每日例行访问的看法。A. frmed构成；B. changed改变；C. develped发展；D. supprted支持。根据下文“That’s when Nixn realized he needed t pay attentin t the peple walking past.(那个时候尼克松意识到他需要注意走过的人。)”可知，这位女士和他的互动使得他的长椅例行访问注意点发生改变，由感受这座城市转为关注行人。故选B项。
【4题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个时候尼克松意识到他需要注意走过的人。A. agreed同意；B. realized意识到；C. imagined想象；D. remembered记起。根据下文“Instead f staring straight ahead at the waterfrnt, Nixn started smiling at peple and talking t them. (尼克松没有再盯着海滨，而是开始对人们微笑并与他们交谈。)”可知，他之所以改变自己的行为，是因为他意识到了什么。故选B项。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尼克松没有再盯着海滨，而是开始对人们微笑并与他们交谈。A. pinting指出；B. laughing大笑；C. shuting大喊；D. smiling微笑。根据下文“And pretty sn, sme early risers began jining him n the bench, smetimes sharing their pressure and asking him fr advice abut persnal prblems.(很快，一些早起的人开始和他一起坐在板凳上，有时分享他们的压力，并向他请教个人问题寻求建议。)”可知，尼克斯逐渐和这些人建立起了良好关系，这说明他对他们很友好，因此可推测他朝着人们微笑。故选D项。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，一些早起人开始和他一起坐在板凳上，有时分享他们的压力，并向他请教个人问题寻求建议。A. jining加入；B. nticing注意；C. leaving离开；D. praising表扬。根据下文最后一段的“They simply want t sit next t smene (他们只是想要坐在某个人的旁边)”可知，这些人加入他的行列，坐在长椅上和他聊天。故选A项。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不管一个人想要公开的是什么问题，尼克松都会倾听。A. air使通风，使公开；B. face面对；C. hear听到；D. create创造。根据下文“Nixn was always happy t listen (尼克松总是很喜欢倾听)”可知，文章反复提及他愿意倾听人们诉说的各种问题，而这个前提是人们愿意向他公开。故选A项。
【8题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这正在毁掉他们的婚姻。A. fame名声；B. success成功；C. marriage婚姻；D. privacy隐私。根据下文“The man admitted he’d put everything he had int his jb fr many years instead f fcusing n his family. (这个男人承认，多年来他把所有的精力都投入到工作中，而不是专注于家庭。)”可知，只顾工作，不管家庭，可能毁掉的应该是家庭。故选C项。
【9题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个男人承认，多年来他把所有的精力都投入到工作中，而不是专注于家庭。A. health健康；B. hbbies爱好；C. kids孩子；D. jb工作；根据上文“The husband was always wrking. (丈夫总是在工作。)”可知，这个男人把精力都投入在工作上了。故选D项。
【10题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：“他开始哭，而且也赞同他需要放缓速度，”尼克松说：“我们互相拥抱，从此之后成为了朋友。” A. give up放弃；B. calm dwn冷静下来；C. speak up明确表态；D. slw dwn放缓。根据上文“The husband was always wrking. (丈夫总是在工作。)”可知，这个男人太忙于工作了，得放缓速度，抽出时间来关注家人。故选D项。
【11题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尼克松总是乐于倾听，他没有评价，也没有任何预期的回应。A. emtin情绪；B. cnsideratin考虑；C. judgment评价；D. interest兴趣；根据下文“withut any kind f return expected (没有任何预期的回应)”可知，尼克松做的只是单纯的倾听，不评价，不从自身出发回应。故选C项。
【12题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对很多人而言，他都是一个有爱的，忠诚的朋友。A. guide导游；B. teacher老师；C. friend朋友；D. wrkmate同事。根据上文“we hugged each ther and became friends after that. (我们互相拥抱，从此之后成为了朋友。)”可知，尼克松和这些陌生人成为了朋友。故选C项。
【13题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于那些走过长椅的人，他们总是面带微笑地打招呼，并问他们过得怎么样。A. hugged拥抱；B. greeted打招呼；C. cmpeted竞争；D. satisfied使满意。根据下文“with a smile and asked hw they were ding (面带微笑，并问他们过得怎么样)”可知，这是尼克松和路过的行人之间的互动，打招呼和交谈。故选B项。
【14题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们只是想坐在某人旁边，并且共享这寂静。A. secrets秘密；B. wrries担忧；C. happiness幸福；D. silence寂静。根据下文“Once a wman stpped and just sat with Nixn fr an hur; then she said thanks and walked away. (有一次，一个女人停下来，和尼克松坐了一个小时；然后她说了声谢谢就走了。)”可知，类似的情况下，两个人不说话保持沉默，那么可想而知很安静。故选D项。
【15题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她只是想要片刻的平和，并且想知道她自己并不孤单。A. sad悲伤的；B. alne孤独的；C. stressed紧张的；D. hpeless不抱希望的。根据下文“And at that mment, she truly wasn’t. (那一刻，她确实不孤独。)”可知，她只是想知道自己并不孤单。故选B项。
III.阅读理解(共 15 小题;每小题 2 分，共 30 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Recreatinal Sprts Membership
Ohi State University has sme f the best recreatin facilities (设施) in the cuntry. Our Recreatin and Physical Activity Center (RPAC) has pened in the past 10 years, whse facilities and prgrams are designed t fit all yur needs and schedule.
RPAC Membership Rights
A membership is yur ticket t take advantage f all the facilities and prgrams.
Classes and prgrams
Grup fitness, sprt clubs and utdr adventure prgrams are nly available t current RPAC members. Yu can attend unlimited free grup fitness classes as part f yur membership. An extra payment will be required if yu prefer persnal training classes.
Guests and Family Participatin
Members may spnsr up t tw guests during a visit. A daily guest pass is required fr each guest t enter RPAC, and members must be present at the time f buying a pass. The pass is accepted at all facilities fr unlimited re-entries in a ne-day perid.
RPAC aims t ffer a family-friendly envirnment. Members are able t enjy quality time with their families free f charge in a variety f family-friendly accmmdatins, including family changing rms, the Lunge game rm, and Leisure pl.
Lcker and Twel Rental
RPAC ffers full-service men’s and wmen’s lcker rms featuring large and medium size lckers, which can be rented either mnthly r yearly. RPAC twel service is available in additin t day lckers at varius lcatins thrughut the facility.
RPAC Membership Respnsibilities
In an effrt t create a welcming and safe envirnment fr all members, yu have the respnsibility t fllw the fllwing plicies:
Filming and phtgraphy in the facilities must be apprved in advance.
Cell phne phtgraphy and vide are nt permitted in lcker rms.
Fighting and rugh play are nt permitted in all facilities.
Shes are required in all public areas f all indr facilities, except fr lcker rms and swimming pls.
All equipment checked-ut frm RPAC must be returned at the required check-in time. Yu may be charged fr the equipment returned late r damaged.
Please cntact member services if yu have any ther questins abut yur RPAC membership.
16. What can a RPAC member d fr free?
A. Enjy family time in Leisure pl.
B. Attend persnal training classes.
C. Use a lcker fr a whle year.
D. Take a guest t all facilities.
17. Which is ne f the member’s respnsibilities?
A. Wearing shes in all public areas.
B. N cell phne use in lcker rms.
C. N filming and phtgraphy in all areas.
D. Returning checked-ut equipment n time.
18. The passage is prbably taken frm ______.
A. a university websiteB. a research paper
C. a science magazineD. a gvernment reprt
【答案】16. A 17. D 18. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了俄亥俄州立大学的娱乐健身中心及其会员权利。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Guests and Family Participatin ”中第二段第二句“Members are able t enjy quality time with their families free f charge in a variety f family-friendly accmmdatins, including family changing rms, the Lunge game rm, and Leisure pl. ”（在我们提供的多种服务设施中，会员可以免费享受和家人的黄金时光，包括家庭更衣室，休息游戏室，休闲池。）可知，会员及家人使用休闲池是免费的。故选A项。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据“RPAC Membership Respnsibilities ”中第六段第一句“All equipment checked-ut frm RPAC must be returned at the required check-in time. ”（所有的RPAC的退房设备必须在规定时间内归还。）可知，必须准时归还所有的设备。故选D项。
【18题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句 “Ohi State University has sme f the best recreatin facilities (设施) in the cuntry. ”（俄亥俄州立大学拥有一些美国最好的消遣娱乐设施）并结合文章对RPAC的介绍可知，文章主要介绍了大学的娱乐健身中心，最可能出现在大学网站上。故选A项。
B
A child science genius(天才)has wwed his prfessrs and classmates by becming a cllege graduate at the age f 13. Ellitt Tanner recently graduated frm the University f Minnesta with a bachelr’s (学士) degree in physics, with a minr in mathematics.
Ellitt’s parents are very prud f the hard wrk and devtin he shwed t get his degree at such a yung age and are pleased that he has becme an inspiratin t lts f peple. Ellitt’s mm said, “He als inspires us t be better peple every day.”
Ellitt’s parents first realized their sn was gifted at the age 3, when he displayed amazing language and math skills. It became clear that a traditinal educatin experience wuld nt be a gd fit fr him. Ellitt was then hmeschled by his parents. “Ellitt ended up learning and using infrmatin quicker than we culd prvide it,” his mther added.
By age 9, Ellitt had already cmpleted mst f the nrmal high schl curses, and his parents were struggling t keep up with him. S they sent him t the lcal cmmunity cllege, where Ellitt really develped his passin (热爱) fr physics. “Fr a lng time, I wanted t be a mathematician,” Ellitt said. “Then I was intrduced t a physics class, and that really inspired me t learn mre abut the secrets f the wrld.”
When he was 11 years ld, Ellitt mved t the University f Minnesta t start studying physics and math. Althugh his cllege experience is a little different frm that f his classmates, Ellitt still hangs ut with his peers in the student lunge, discussing hmewrk, debating physics tpics r watching mvies. Being with peple that are just as passinate abut physics as he is has been pleasing enugh fr him.
One f the biggest challenges Ellitt and his family have faced is criticism nline frm peple wh make judgments abut what his life must be like. Many peple believe he can’t have many scial skills. Hwever, Ellitt has always enjyed interacting with kids his wn age. He lves playing with ther neighbrhd children, and just like the ther kids, Ellitt ges trick-r-treating n Hallween, but in an academic way: He dresses up as Albert Einstein, his favrite scientist.
Ellitt has been accepted int the University f Minnesta’s PhD prgram and will start his study next year. In the future, Ellitt aims t be a prfessr at the University f Minnesta and becme an expert in physics. “I can’t wait t get started,” he said.
19. What did Ellitt’s parents d when they realized he was gifted?
A. They sent him t a nrmal high schl.
B. They asked fr advice frm universities.
C. They taught him by themselves at hme.
D. They helped him fit int traditinal educatin.
20. When Ellitt mved t the University f Minnesta, he ______.
A. discvered his passin fr physics
B. enjyed staying with his classmates
C. dressed up as Albert Einstein in class
D. refused t play with kids his wn age
21. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Ellitt has few scial skills.
B. Ellitt lves explring the wrld.
C. Ellitt has n talent fr language.
D. Ellitt hpes t be a mathematician.
22. Frm Ellitt’s stry, we knw that ______.
A. physics is the mst imprtant subject
B. children shuld be educated at hme
C. geniuses need supprt just as we d
D. the earlier kids start schl, the better
【答案】19. C 20. B 21. B 22. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介讲述美国神童9岁上大学，13岁被博士班录取，梦想成为理论物理学家。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“It became clear that a traditinal educatin experience wuld nt be a gd fit fr him. Ellitt was then hmeschled by his parents. (很明显，传统的教育经历并不适合他。埃利奥特在家里接受父母的教育。)”可知，埃利奥特的父母发现他有天赋后，他们在家自己教他。故选C。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“When he was 11 years ld, Ellitt mved t the University f Minnesta t start studying physics and math. Althugh his cllege experience is a little different frm that f his classmates, Ellitt still hangs ut with his peers in the student lunge, discussing hmewrk, debating physics tpics r watching mvies. Being with peple that are just as passinate abut physics as he is has been pleasing enugh fr him. (11岁时，埃利奥特搬到明尼苏达大学开始学习物理和数学。尽管他的大学经历与他的同学们有些不同，但埃利奥特仍然和他的同学们在学生休息室闲逛，讨论作业，辩论物理话题或看电影。和他一样对物理充满热情的人在一起对他来说已经足够愉快了。)”可知，当埃利奥特搬到明尼苏达大学时，他喜欢和同学呆在一起。故选B。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Then I was intrduced t a physics class, and that really inspired me t learn mre abut the secrets f the wrld. (后来我被介绍上了一门物理课，这真的激励了我去了解更多关于世界的秘密。)”可知，埃利奥特喜欢探索世界。故选B。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Ellitt was then hmeschled by his parents. (埃利奥特在家里接受父母的教育。)” 和第六段“One f the biggest challenges Ellitt and his family have faced is criticism nline frm peple wh make judgments abut what his life must be like.(埃利奥特和他的家人面临的最大挑战之一是网上那些对他的生活做出判断的人的批评。)”可推断，从艾略特的故事中，我们知道天才和我们一样需要家人和社会的支持。故选C。
C
If yu’re tired f yur phne, yu’re nt alne. Peple receive between arund 60 and 80 daily ntificatins (通知) n average, and sme f us may get as many as 200. These seemingly endless dings and buzzes can really affect ur wellbeing. Research has linked them t depressin and anxiety, and they may even cause prblems assciated with ADHD (多动症).
These utcmes may result frm the fact that frequent phne interruptins increase ur cgnitive lad (认知负荷), r the amunt f infrmatin prcessed by the wrking memry. We nly have s much mental capacity, and the extra effrt it takes t switch between tasks can make us tired, less fcused and disrupt (扰乱) emtinal regulatin. Additinally, in this state, we even experience a less accurate perceptin f time—we feel time is passing faster than in reality, which wuld eventually lead us t verlk results and cause hurried decisins, fr example, buying a pricey dress withut thinking it thrugh.
With the fact that cell phne ntificatins can mess with ur brains, scientists have sught ut ways t cunteract these effects. One pssible slutin: Scheduling ntificatins int batches (批次) that arrive at certain times f the day with the help f certain apps. Fr example, yu culd chse t keep things quiet except fr at 7 am, nn and 5 pm t g with waking up, taking a lunch break and heading hme frm schl. In a 2019 study, researchers assigned 237 participants (参与者) int three grups, including thse wh received all their ntificatins three times a day, hurly, r nne at all. The three-times-a-day grup said they felt mre prductive, attentive, in a better md and in greater cntrl f their phnes than the ther tw grups, while the ntificatin-free grup experienced mre anxiety and fear f missing ut.
Besides, sme researchers have argued that mre persnalized user design is pssible. Develpers shuld pay attentin t hw peple interact with their devices. With the help f a machine learning mdel, ur phne can autmatically learn frm ur past behavir what types f ntificatin we want t receive first, such as messages frm relatives. Thus, certain ntificatins can be delivered at suitable times.
This highly individualized methd culd be beneficial, but mre individuality means mre phne mnitring, which intrduces yet anther prblem: In the struggle t free urselves frm tech addictin, it isn’t clear whether mre mnitring is the slutin, r just adding mre fuel t the fire.
23. What is the pssible result f frequent phne ntificatins?
A. The wrking memry prcesses less infrmatin.
B. Time passes faster than what we are usually used t.
C. We tend t have distractin and emtinal disruptins.
D. We weigh the pssible results befre making decisins.
24. What d we knw abut the 2019 study?
A. The study lasted three years.
B. The cmparative methd was used.
C. The nne-at-all grup felt mre prductive.
D. Participants were addicted t their mbile phnes.
25. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Depressin and anxiety lead us t rely n ur phnes.
B. Adding extra phne mnitring can free us frm tech addictin.
C. The fewer phne ntificatins received, the better we cntrl ur phnes.
D. Persnalized user design helps phnes decide what ntificatins cme first.
26. What is the purpse f writing this passage?
A. T warn us against the phne veruse.
B T draw ur attentin t the prblems f ADHD.
C. T stress the imprtance f cntrlling ur phnes.
D. T discuss ways t handle frequent phne ntificatins.
【答案】23. C 24. B 25. D 26. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了电话通知过多给人体造成了不良影响，并探讨了产生的原因和解决措施。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第一二句“These utcmes may result frm the fact that frequent phne interruptins increase ur cgnitive lad (认知负荷), r the amunt f infrmatin prcessed by the wrking memry. We nly have s much mental capacity, and the extra effrt it takes t switch between tasks can make us tired, less fcused and disrupt (扰乱) emtinal regulatin. (这些结果可能是由于频繁的电话中断增加了我们的认知负荷，或由工作记忆处理的信息量。我们只有这么多的脑力，在不同任务之间转换所需的额外努力会使我们感到疲惫、注意力不集中，并且扰乱情绪调节。)”可知，频繁的电话通知会增加工作记忆需要处理的信息量，因此脑力有限的我们会感到疲惫、注意力不集中，并且扰乱情绪调节。故选C项。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段倒数第二句“In a 2019 study, researchers assigned 237 participants (参与者) int three grups, including thse wh received all their ntificatins three times a day, hurly, r nne at all. (在2019年的一项研究中，研究人员将237名参与者分为三组，包括那些一天三次收到通知、每小时收到通知或根本没有收到通知的人。)”可知，参与者被分为三组，即对比分析法在这个研究中被使用。故选B项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Besides, sme researchers have argued that mre persnalized user design is pssible. Develpers shuld pay attentin t hw peple interact with their devices. With the help f a machine learning mdel, ur phne can autmatically learn frm ur past behavir what types f ntificatin we want t receive first, such as messages frm relatives. Thus, certain ntificatins can be delivered at suitable times. (此外，一些研究人员认为，更个性化的用户设计是可能的。开发人员应该注意人们如何与他们的设备互动。在机器学习模型的帮助下，我们的手机可以自动从我们过去的行为中了解我们希望首先收到什么类型的通知，例如来自亲戚的消息。因此，可以在适当的时间发送某些通知。)”可知，一些研究人员的观点表明个性化的用户设计可能能够帮助手机设定什么样的通知先发送。故选D项。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“Peple receive between arund 60 and 80 daily ntificatins (通知) n average, and sme f us may get as many as 200. (平均而言，人们每天收到大约60到80条通知，我们中的一些人可能会得到200条之多。)”可知，本文第一段指出手机通知过多这一问题现状；根据第二段第一句“These utcmes may result frm the fact that frequent phne interruptins increase ur cgnitive lad (认知负荷), r the amunt f infrmatin prcessed by the wrking memry. (这些结果可能是由于频繁的电话中断增加了我们的认知负荷, 或由工作记忆处理的信息量。)”可知，第二段探讨这一问题出现的原因；根据第三段第一句“With the fact that cell phne ntificatins can mess with ur brains, scientists have sught ut ways t cunteract these effects. (由于手机通知会干扰我们的大脑，科学家们已经找到了抵消这些影响的方法。)”可知，后三段则探讨解决这一问题的办法，即解决问题的办法才是本文的重中之重，即写作目的。故选D项。
D
Students meet at the university campus fr classes during their 20s. This classical mdel f time, actin and place has traditinally prduced famus universities, but it is nw challenged by the digitalizatin f sciety—which allws everybdy wh is cnnected t the Internet t access learning—and by the need t acquire skills in step with fast develpment f technlgy. Universities must realize that learning in the 20s wn’t be enugh.
By teaching fundatinal knwledge and up-t-date skills, universities need t prvide students with the future-prf skills f lifelng learning, nt just get them ‘jb-ready’. Sme universities already play an imprtant rle in lifelng learning as they want t keep the value f their diplmas (文凭). This new rle cmes with a huge set f challenges and needs largely t be invented. One way t start this transfrmatin prcess culd be t g beynd the ‘diplma mdel’ t adapt university educatin t lifelng learning. We call this mdel the lifelng learning passprt.
The Bachelr’s degree culd be students’ passprt t lifelng learning. Fr the first few years, students wuld ‘learn t learn’ and get endwed with reasning skills that remain with them fr the rest f their lives. Fr instance, physics allws students t bserve and integrate (融合) bservatins int mdels and, smetimes, mdels int theries r laws that can be used t make predictins. Mathematics is the language used t develp the laws f physics r ecnmy. These tw subjects naturally frm the basic pillars (支柱) f educatin in technical universities.
Recent advances in cmputatinal methds and data science push us int rethinking science and engineering. Cmputers increasingly becme the mst imprtant actrs in prcessing data and frmulating questins, which requires cmpletely new ways f reasning. Therefre, a new subject integrating cmputer science, prgramming, statistics and machine learning shuld be added t the traditinal fundatinal tpics f mathematics and physics. These three pillars wuld allw yu t keep learning technical subjects all yur life.
Accrding t this new mdel, the Master f Science (MSc) wuld becme the first stamp in the lifelng learning jurney. The new MSc diplma becmes a set f accmplished prjects and a list f technical skills. It is pen-ended and must be updated thrughut life, as technlgies and their applicatins change faster than ever.
Universities have a fundamental rle t play in this jurney, and higher educatin is in fr a change. The ld university mdel prduced talent and value fr sciety. We are nt supprting its ablitin (废除) but rather calling fr the adaptatin f its characteristics t meet the needs f tday.
27. What is the main idea f Paragraph 1?
A. Technlgical develpment challenges the university mdel.
B. The classical mdel serves famus universities well.
C. Students dn’t meet at campus due t digitalizatin.
D. Universities cntinue t imprve wrker skills.
28. What can be learnt frm the passage?
A. The students get a lifelng passprt with a Bachelr’s degree.
B. The three pillars help with cntinuus learning in technlgy.
C. Physics and mathematics are enugh fr learning technlgy.
D. MSc prgrammes are the mst imprtant fr lifelng learning.
29. What des the underlined phrase “get endwed with” in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. Be cncerned with.B. Make rm fr.
C. Be equipped with.D. Make preparatins fr.
30. What’s the best title f the passage?
A. Changes t university prjects
B. Imprtance f Lifelng Learning
C Develpment f Further Educatin
D. Necessity t Adapt University Mdel
【答案】27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为何大学应采用终身学习的新模式以适应时代需要。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“This classical mdel f time, actin and place has traditinally prduced famus universities, but it is nw challenged by the digitalizatin f sciety—which allws everybdy wh is cnnected t the Internet t access learning—and by the need t acquire skills in step with fast develpment f technlgy. (这种时间、行为和地点的经典模式传统上造就了著名的大学，但现在它受到了社会数字化的挑战——它允许每个连接到互联网的人都能获得学习的机会——以及需要获得与技术快速发展同步的技能。)”可知，本段主要介绍技术发展对大学模式的挑战。故选A。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Therefre, a new subject integrating cmputer science, prgramming, statistics and machine learning shuld be added t the traditinal fundatinal tpics f mathematics and physics. These three pillars wuld allw yu t keep learning technical subjects all yur life. (因此，在传统的数学和物理基础学科之外，应该增加一门集计算机科学、编程、统计学和机器学习于一体的新学科。这三大支柱将使你一生都能不断学习技术科目。)”可知，三大支柱有助于技术的持续学习。故选B。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。根据后文举例“Fr instance, physics allws students t bserve and integrate (融合) bservatins int mdels and, smetimes, mdels int theries r laws that can be used t make predictins. (例如，物理学允许学生观察并将观察结果整合到模型中，有时，将模型整合到可以用于预测的理论或定律中。)”可知，学生们将“学会学习”，并被赋予了推理技能。所以get endwed with为“赋予；具备”之意。故选C。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Universities have a fundamental rle t play in this jurney, and higher educatin is in fr a change. The ld university mdel prduced talent and value fr sciety. We are nt supprting its ablitin (废除) but rather calling fr the adaptatin f its characteristics t meet the needs f tday.(在这一过程中，大学扮演着重要角色，高等教育也将迎来变革。旧的大学模式为社会培养人才和价值。我们不支持废除它，而是呼吁调整它的特点以满足今天的需要。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍为何大学应采用终身学习的新模式以适应时代需要。所以“Necessity t Adapt University Mdel(调整大学模式的必要性)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
第Ⅱ卷(共 65 分)
Ⅰ.选词填空(共 7 小题;每小题 2 分，共 14 分)
用方框中单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每个单词只能用一次。
31. She tld me t be ______ and lk n the bright side.
32. Grwing up in a big city, he fund living in the village was ______.
33. The music festival is held ______ in Shanghai. I g there t enjy music every year.
34. There are many ______ f ding sprts. Fr example, it can reduce stress.
35. The accident was due t ______ driving.
36. Listening t music ______ us t feel relaxed.
37. Yu shuld nt take advantage f his ______ by demanding t much.
【答案】31. cheerful
32. challenging
33. annually
34. benefits
35. careless
36. enables
37. kindness
【解析】
【31题详解】
考查形容词。句意：她告诉我要乐观，要往好的方面看。句中be动词后用形容词作表语。形容词cheerful为“高兴的；快乐的”之意。结合句意，故填cheerful。
【32题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在大城市长大的他发现在农村生活很有挑战性。句中was后用形容词作表语。形容词challenging为“具有挑战性的”之意。结合句意，故填challenging。
【33题详解】
考查副词。句意：这个音乐节每年在上海举行一次。我每年都去那里欣赏音乐。句中用副词作状语。副词annually为“每年”之意。结合句意，故填annually。
【34题详解】
考查名词。句意：做运动有很多好处。例如，它可以减轻压力。名词benefit为“好处”之意。形容词many后接可数名词的复数形式。结合句意，故填benefits。
【35题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这起事故是由于粗心驾驶造成的。名词driving前用形容词修饰。形容词careless为“粗心的”之意。结合句意，故填careless。
【36题详解】
考查动词。句意：听音乐能使我们感到放松。动词enable为“使能够”之意。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。动名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。结合句意，故填enables。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：你不应该利用他的善良而要求太多。形容词物主代词his后接名词形式。不可数名词kindness为“好意、善良”之意。结合句意，故填kindness。
II.语法填空(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分，共 10 分)
在未给提示词的空白处填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
38. Tny ______ (travel) t the village schl with an eager heart in 2010. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】travelled
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：2010年，托尼怀着一颗渴望的心去了乡村学校。分析句意可知，谓语动词travel“到...旅行”需要使用一般过去时，因为时间状语2010为过去的时间。故填travelled。
39. Is it pssible that human wrkers ______ (replace) by rbts in the near future? (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】will be replaced
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：有没有可能在不久的将来人类工人将会被机器人取代？分析句意可知此处主语human wrkers “人类工人”和谓语动词replace“取代”构成被动关系，且时间状语in the near future表明谓语动词使用一般将来时，故谓语动词需要使用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be replaced。
40. As a traditin, all the family members gather tgether ______ (celebrate) the Mid-Autumn Festival. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】t celebrate
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为传统，所有的家庭成员聚在一起庆祝中秋节。用不定式在句中作目的状语。根据句意，故填t celebrate。
41. The park ______is in the center f twn has beautiful, big trees. （用适当的单词填空）
【答案】which/ that
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：位于镇中心的公园有美丽的大树。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是the park，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以空处需用关系代词which/ that引导定语从句。故填which/ that。
42. Last year, hundreds f cmpanies ______ (attract) t the Internatinal Imprt Exp. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】were attracted
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：去年，数百家公司被吸引去参加国际进口博览会。根据句意可知，此处需要谓语动词，时间状语是“Last year”，要用一般过去时。主语“hundreds f cmpanies ”和“attract”之间是被动关系，要用被动语态be dne, 主语是复数,所以be动词用were。故填were attracted。
43. This prject can ffer valuable help t students ______ have difficulties in getting certain knwledge. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】wh##that
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个项目可以为学习某些知识有困难的学生提供有价值的帮助。句中先行词为students ，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词wh或that引导。根据句意，故填wh/that。
44. Althugh they were ______ (disappint) at the result f the game, they knew the experience was wrth mre than any prize. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】disappinted
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：尽管他们对比赛的结果感到失望，但他们知道这一经历比任何奖品都更有价值。分析句意可知，此处动词disappint“使失望”需要改为形容词形式disappinted作表语，表示“他们”的心情是感到失望的。故填disappinted。
45. If yu’d like sme inspiratin, we have a lt f speakers ______ lectures can give yu sme awesme ideas. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】whse
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：如果你想要一些灵感，我们有很多演讲者，他们的讲座可以给你一些很棒的想法。f分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，句中先行词为speakers，且从句中缺少名词lectures的定语，所以用关系代词whse引导。故填whse。
46. Scientists all ver the wrld are seeking a gd way ______ (prevent) depressin. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】t prevent
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：全世界的科学家都在寻找一种预防抑郁症的好方法。way t d sth.做某事的方法。根据句意，故填t prevent。
47. Befre mving t Lndn, I thught city life must be ______ (excite) and full f surprises. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】exciting
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：在搬到伦敦之前，我以为城市生活一定令人兴奋，充满惊喜。空处应用形容词作表语，修饰主语city life，所以用-ing形式形容词修饰物，exciting表示“令人兴奋的”。故填exciting。
III.完成句子(共 5 小题; 第 63、64 题每题 2 分, 第 65、66、67 题每题 3 分,共 13 分)
根据括号中所给提示完成下列句子。
48. 他们在湖边搭起了一个帐篷。(put up) (汉译英)
【答案】They put up a tent by the lake.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。 put up搭建；by the lake在湖边。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。根据句意，故翻译为They put up a tent by the lake.
49. 我将努力准时到达。(make an effrt) (汉译英)
【答案】I will make an effrt t arrive n time.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。“我”译作人称代词主格I；“努力”译作词组make an effrt，因表示将来的动作，故使用一般将来时；“准时”译作词组n time；“到达”译作不及物动词arrive。故答案为I will make an effrt t arrive n time。
50. 我们要关注自己身边发生的变化。(fcus n) (汉译英)
【答案】We shuld fcus n the changes that/which are taking place arund us.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、时态和定语从句。“我们要关注变化”为主句，“自己身边发生的变化”写成定语从句，fcus n关注；take place发生。句中先行词为the changes，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。从句表示正在发生的事情，所以用现在进行时。主句用情态动词shuld，表示“应该，应当”。根据句意，故翻译为We shuld fcus n the changes that/which are taking place arund us.
51. 一进博物馆，那漂亮的海报就吸引了我的目光。(catch ne’s eye) (汉译英)
【答案】That new pster caught my eye as sn as I entered the museum.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词，动词词组和从句。“一进博物馆”，其实就是主句主语“我”发出的动作，因此可译作用连词as sn as “一...就”引导时间状语从句“I entered the museum”放在主句之后；“那漂亮的海报”可译作名词短语that new pster，做主句主语；“就吸引了我的目光”可译作动词词组catch my eye，因动作已发生，谓语动词catch使用一般过去时需要使用的过去式形式，caught。故答案为That new pster caught my eye as sn as I entered the museum。
52. 如果你对这个活动感兴趣，请下周一之前来报名。(sign up) (汉译英)
【答案】If yu’re interested in this activity, please cme t sign up fr it befre next Mnday.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、时态和状语从句。be interested in对……感兴趣；cme t来到；sign up fr登记报名；next Mnday下周一。根据句意，用if引导条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用祈使句。根据句意，故翻译为If yu’re interested in this activity, please cme t sign up fr it befre next Mnday.
IV.阅读表达(共 4 小题; 每小题 2 分, 共 8 分)
阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容，在相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。
I had a great interest in researching the tpic f hw t imprve yur sense f directin, because my wn sense f directin is abslutely terrible. Take ging t the tilet in a restaurant, fr example. I can find my way there easily enugh because there are signs pinting me in the right directin. But getting back t my table is anther stry. After all, there are n helpful signs saying, “This is where yu were sitting less than five minutes ag”.
Hwever, rather than accept the situatin f myself frequently walking int cupbards and backtracking dwn dead ends, I’m determined t give my sense f directin a much-needed imprvement.
Nwadays, f curse, it’s easy t rely n GPS (全球卫星定位系统)t find yur way. But if yu really want t imprve yur sense f directin, it’s a gd idea t cunt n yurself.
Studying a map and memrizing the way befre yu set ut des have its benefits—nt least because the amunt f mental energy it requires means it’s mre likely t stick in yur mind. Lking at electrnic maps n a big screen—r even studying a paper map—als allws yu t get a sense f that all-imprtant bigger picture and hw everywhere fits tgether.
Paying full attentin is key, t. It’s imprtant t ntice what’s arund yu—in all directins. Instead f staring straight ahead, make sure yu lk up, dwn and behind yu as well. This will cme in particularly useful when yu’re n the return jurney—even if it’s just finding yur way back frm the tilet in a restaurant.
Try t relax when yu’re n unfamiliar grund. It’s all t easy t be anxius and afraid if yu imagine yu may be lst—but this sudden feeling f anxiety will nly prevent yu frm calmly wrking ut which way t g. Besides, getting lst is ne f the best ways t discver new places and add mre detail t that ever-grwing mental map—bth f which will help yu becme “directin smarter” in the lng term.
Finally, yur sense f directin is a use-it-r-lse-it skill. If yu nly stick t the ways yu already knw, it’s never ging t get any better. S nw’s the time t start explring!
53. Why is the writer interested in the tpic f hw t imprve yur sense f directin? (不多于9个单词)
_________________________________________________________________
54. When is it particularly useful t ntice what’s arund yu? (不多于6个单词)
_________________________________________________________________
55. What is the benefit f getting lst? (不多于12个单词)
_________________________________________________________________
56. Nwadays peple are increasingly relying n GPS t find their way. What d yu think f that? (单词数不限)
_________________________________________________________________
【答案】53. Because his/her wn sense f directin is abslutely terrible.
54. When yu’re n the return jurney.
55. T discver new places. / T add mre detail t that ever-grwing mental map.
56. While GPS makes it easy fr us t find ur way arund, it can fail, break and leave us high and dry. S we can’t rely t much n GPS t find ur way.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我们如何培养自己的方向感。
【53题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段“I had a great interest in researching the tpic f hw t imprve yur sense f directin, because my wn sense f directin is abslutely terrible. (我对研究如何提高方向感这个话题非常感兴趣，因为我自己的方向感非常糟糕。)”可知，作者对如何提高方向感这个话题感兴趣，是因为他/她自己的方向感非常糟糕。故答案为Because his/her wn sense f directin is abslutely terrible.
【54题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第五段“This will cme in particularly useful when yu’re n the return jurney—even if it’s just finding yur way back frm the tilet in a restaurant. (这在你回程的时候尤其有用——即使只是从餐馆的厕所里找路回来。)”可知，当你在回程的时候注意周围的事物特别有用。故答案为When yu’re n the return jurney.
【55题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第六段“Besides, getting lst is ne f the best ways t discver new places and add mre detail t that ever-grwing mental map—bth f which will help yu becme “directin smarter” in the lng term. (此外，迷路是发现新地方的最好方法之一，也能给不断扩大的大脑地图增添更多细节——从长远来看，这两种方法都能帮助你变得“方向感更聪明”。)”可知，迷路可以帮助我们去发现新的地方，也能够为不断扩大的大脑地图增添更多细节。故答案为T discver new places. / T add mre detail t that ever-grwing mental map.
【56题详解】
开放题。要求考生评价现在人们越来越依赖GPS来找路的现象，考生言之有理即可。故参考答案为While GPS makes it easy fr us t find ur way arund, it can fail, break and leave us high and dry. S we can’t rely t much n GPS t find ur way.
V.书面表达(20分)
57. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国朋友 Jim 在给你的邮件中提到他们学校的国际文化周要开始了，他们班将要举办一次中国文化展。因此，他向你询求建议，请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1. 推荐展示的内容及形式；
2. 陈述推荐理由。
注意：1.词数不少于 50；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
It’s a great delight t hear that yur class is ging t prmte Chinese Culture! Chinese culture is splendid with many unique elements, and I’m glad t recmmend sme f them t yu.
I think yu can hld a small exhibitin with bth traditinal and mdern Chinese culture elements n display. Fr example, different Huawei phnes and mdels f bullet trains can be shwn n shelves, while a hands-n area can als be prvided, where students can try t make their wn paper cuts and dumplings. In this way, the advanced technlgy f mdern China, tgether with its lng-lasting traditinal culture, can definitely attract students and meet different needs.
Abve are sme f my ideas that I hpe can be helpful. I wish this activity great success and please let me knw hw it ges!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友 Jim 回复一封邮件，向他推荐中国文化展展示的内容及形式，并陈述推荐理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴：delight →pleasure
极好的：splendid→ magnificent
例如：fr example→fr instance
同……一起：tgether with →alng with
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Chinese culture is splendid with many unique elements, and I’m glad t recmmend sme f them t yu.
拓展句：Chinese culture is splendid with many unique elements, sme f which I’m glad t recmmend t yu.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Fr example, different Huawei phnes and mdels f bullet trains can be shwn n shelves, while a hands-n area can als be prvided, where students can try t make their wn paper cuts and dumplings.（运用了while引导状语从句和where引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Abve are sme f my ideas that I hpe can be helpful.（运用了倒装句和that引导的限制性定语从句）
Intrductin t Eclife Agricultural Park
Aim
t give educatinal pprtunities t the 11
t awaken interest in plant life
t prvide visitrs enjyment
Areas
Green Ranch
We 12 different animals.
Fish 13
Many f the fish are fr 14 .
Angel Garden
A wide variety f 15 are grwn.
able, care, cheer, annual, challenge, benefit, kind
相关试卷
北京市西城区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷（Word版附解析）： 这是一份北京市西城区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷（Word版附解析），文件包含北京市西城区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末英语试题Word版含解析docx、北京市西城区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末英语试题Word版无答案docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共38页， 欢迎下载使用。
北京市西城区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题（Word版附解析）： 这是一份北京市西城区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题（Word版附解析），文件包含北京市西城区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题Word版含解析docx、北京市西城区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题Word版无答案docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共35页， 欢迎下载使用。
北京市延庆区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题（Word版附解析）： 这是一份北京市延庆区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题（Word版附解析），共29页。试卷主要包含了01， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
