外刊改编语法填空题百日Day 19 & Day 20-2025届高三英语一轮复习

这是一份外刊改编语法填空题百日Day 19 & Day 20-2025届高三英语一轮复习，共8页。
A paper in the Lancet（柳叶刀）, cmpares cuntries' rates f physical activity. The study it describes, led by Pedr Hallal f the Federal University f Peltas, in Brazil, is _____1_____(cmplete) prtrait yet f the wrld's busy bees and cuch ptates. It suggests that nearly a third f adults, 31%, are nt getting enugh exercise.
That rates f exercise have declined is hardly a new discvery. Since the beginning f the industrial revlutin, technlgy and ecnmic grwth have cnspired _____2_____ (create) a wrld in _____3_____ the flexing f muscles is mre and mre an ptin rather than a _____4_____ (necessary). But nly recently have enugh gd data _____5_____ (cllect) frm enugh places t carry ut the srt f analysis Dr Hallal and his clleagues have engaged in.
_____6_____ all, they were able t pl data frm 122 cuntries, cvering 89% f the wrld's ppulatin. They cnsidered sufficient physical activity t be 30 minutes f mderate exercise five days a week, 20 minutes f vigrus exercise three days a week, r sme cmbinatin f _____7_____ tw. There are cmmn themes in different places. Unsurprisingly, peple in rich cuntries are less active than thse in pr nes, and ld peple are less active than yung nes. Less bviusly, wmen tend t exercise less than men—34% are inactive, cmpared with 28% f men.
_____8_____ there are exceptins. The wmen f Cratia, Finland, Iraq and Luxemburg, fr example, mve mre than their male cuntrymen. Malta wins the race fr mst slthful cuntry, with 72% f adults getting t little exercise. Swaziland and Saudi Arabia sluch in clse behind, with 69%. In Bangladesh, by cntrast, just 5% f adults fail t exercise enugh. Surprisingly, America des nt live up t its sluggish reputatin. Six Americans in ten are sufficiently active by Dr Hallal's definitin, cmpared with fewer than fur in ten Britns.
In an accmpanying analysis f peple's habits, Dr Hallal fund equally wide differences. In Suth-East Asia fewer than a quarter sit fr at least fur hurs each day; in Eurpe 64% d. And even neighburs may differ. Only 2% f Swiss walk t wrk, whereas 23% f Germans d s.
These high rates f inactivity are _____9____ (wrry). Paradxically, human beings seem t have evlved t benefit frm exercise while _____10____ (eschew) it whenever they can. In a state f nature it wuld be impssible t live a life that did nt prvide enugh f it t be beneficial, while ver-exercising wuld use up scarce calries t little advantage. But that n lnger pertains. Accrding t anther paper in the Lancet, insufficient activity these days has nearly the same effect n life expectancy as smking.
Glbal health
A paper in the Lancet（柳叶刀）, cmpares cuntries' rates f physical activity. The study it describes, led by Pedr Hallal f the Federal University f Peltas, in Brazil, is the mst cmplete (cmplete) prtrait yet f the wrld's busy bees and cuch ptates. It suggests that nearly a third f adults, 31%, are nt getting enugh exercise.
That rates f exercise have declined is hardly a new discvery. Since the beginning f the industrial revlutin, technlgy and ecnmic grwth have cnspired t create (create) a wrld in which the flexing f muscles is mre and mre an ptin rather than a necessity (necessary). But nly recently have enugh gd data been cllected (cllect) frm enugh places t carry ut the srt f analysis Dr Hallal and his clleagues have engaged in.
In all, they were able t pl data frm 122 cuntries, cvering 89% f the wrld's ppulatin. They cnsidered sufficient physical activity t be 30 minutes f mderate exercise five days a week, 20 minutes f vigrus exercise three days a week, r sme cmbinatin f the tw. There are cmmn themes in different places. Unsurprisingly, peple in rich cuntries are less active than thse in pr nes, and ld peple are less active than yung nes. Less bviusly, wmen tend t exercise less than men—34% are inactive, cmpared with 28% f men.
But there are exceptins. The wmen f Cratia, Finland, Iraq and Luxemburg, fr example, mve mre than their male cuntrymen. Malta wins the race fr mst slthful cuntry, with 72% f adults getting t little exercise. Swaziland and Saudi Arabia sluch in clse behind, with 69%. In Bangladesh, by cntrast, just 5% f adults fail t exercise enugh. Surprisingly, America des nt live up t its sluggish reputatin. Six Americans in ten are sufficiently active by Dr Hallal's definitin, cmpared with fewer than fur in ten Britns.
In an accmpanying analysis f peple's habits, Dr Hallal fund equally wide differences. In Suth-East Asia fewer than a quarter sit fr at least fur hurs each day; in Eurpe 64% d. And even neighburs may differ. Only 2% f Swiss walk t wrk, whereas 23% f Germans d s.
These high rates f inactivity are wrrying (wrry). Paradxically, human beings seem t have evlved t benefit frm exercise while eschewing (eschew) it whenever they can. In a state f nature it wuld be impssible t live a life that did nt prvide enugh f it t be beneficial, while ver-exercising wuld use up scarce calries t little advantage. But that n lnger pertains. Accrding t anther paper in the Lancet, insufficient activity these days has nearly the same effect n life expectancy as smking.
全球健康
《柳叶刀》的一篇文章对世界各国人民进行体育锻炼的比率做了一个比较。文章中的研究由巴西佩洛塔斯联邦大学的Pedr Hallal主导，是迄今为止对世界上的勤劳之人和懒虫最为完整的描绘。研究显示，世界上有将近三分之一的成年人缺乏锻炼。
人们的锻炼比率有所下降这并不是什么新发现。自从工业革命开始后，科技和经济发展合谋创造了一个新世界，在这个世界里，锻炼身体越来越成为人们的一种选择，而非迫切的需要。但直到最近，Hallal博士和他的同事才从足够多的地区收集到了充足的数据来进行这类分析研究。
Hallal博士和他的同事总共收集了122个国家的数据，覆盖了89%的世界人口。他们认为，充足的体育锻炼应该是每周五天进行半小时的适量运动，或是每周三天进行20分钟的激烈运动，或者对这两者进行适当结合。不同的地区出现了同样的模式。富裕国家的人比那些贫穷国家的人锻炼得更少，老人比年轻人锻炼得更少，这一点在意料之中。但较为隐秘的一个现象是，女性通常比男性锻炼得少。女性懒惰人数占总人数的34%，而男性却只占了28%。
但是也有例外情况，如克罗地亚、芬兰、伊拉克、卢森堡这几个国家的女性锻炼得就比本国男性同胞多。马耳他有72%的成年人缺乏锻炼，成为世界上最懒的国家。斯威士兰和沙特阿拉伯紧随其后，懒惰人数占全国的69%。相比之下，孟加拉国只有5%的成年人缺乏锻炼。让人吃惊的是，美国竟然没有人们所说的那么懒。根据Hallal博士的标准，十个美国人中有六个拥有足够的锻炼，而相比之下，十个英国人中拥有足够锻炼的人还不到四个。
同时Hallal博士还对人们的生活习惯进行了分析，发现在这方面不同地区的人差别也很大。在东南亚，每天至少坐四小时的人不到四分之一，但在欧洲这样的人却占了总人口的64%。而且即使是邻国之间差别也很大。在瑞士，只有2%的人走路上班，但在德国却有23%的人这样做。
这么高的懒惰率实在令人担忧。人类似乎已经进化到一种自相矛盾状态，尽管运动十分有益，但人类却唯恐避之不及。在自然状态下，缺乏锻炼的生活是不可能对人有益的，但过度锻炼又可能耗尽宝贵的卡路里，对人体无益。但现在这种说法已经不再适用现代人了。《柳叶刀》中的另一篇文章称，缺乏锻炼对寿命造成的影响几乎和抽烟差不多。
生词积累
prtrait
n.（尤指只刻画脸、头和肩部的）肖像，照片，雕像；描绘
cuch ptat
指那些喜欢在家里看电视、玩电子游戏或者上网，而不愿意进行户外活动的人。
cnspire
v.密谋，共谋；共同导致
flex
v.弯曲，曲折（四肢，关节）；
necessity
n.必需品，必需的事物；必要，需要；必然性
mderate
adj.普通的，中等的；不偏激的，温和的；有节制的，
slthful
adj.怠惰的，懒惰的；迟钝的
sluch in clse behind
紧随其后
sluggish
adj.缓慢的，迟钝的，懒惰的
sufficiently
adv.充分地，足够地
paradxically
adv.自相矛盾地；
eschew
vt.避免；避开；远避
life expectancy
预期寿命
pertain
v.适用
原创外刊改编语法填空题打卡Day 20
The climate crisis is raising yur grcery bills
Frm: The Guardian
Families arund the wrld are struggling with higher grcery csts and electricity and heating bills. _____1_____ they may nt realize is that rising inflatin is _____2_____(increase) driven by anther glbal crisis: climate change.
Last year, the United States _____3_____ (incur) ver $2bn in csts due t 20 climate-related extreme weather events, frm Hurricane Ian t heatwaves and drught. Lumber, cttn, tmates, wheat and energy – and _____4_____ prducts they generate, frm denim jeans t yur Italian takeut dinner – were all affected by these events and are nw mre expensive than this time last year. Climate-driven extreme weather and disasters are nw mre frequently respnsible fr prductin _____5_____ (shrtage), supply chain disruptins, and labr issues that lead t higher csts f living.
The cst f fd is particularly susceptible t climate-related shcks like drughts, flds r wildfires. Fr example, the cst f eggs in the US rse by 60% in 2022. In additin t increased demand and a spike in avian flu, climate-fueled drughts and heatwaves made grwing chicken feed 30% mre expensive. Climate change has als harmed the grwth f cttn in Texas, ranges in Flrida and tmates in Califrnia.
Arund the wrld, this affects lwer-incme peple the mst; they tend t spend a greater share f their incme n fd. In develping cuntries, cmmunities will feel the effects f climate change n their wallets and livelihds even _____6_____ (severe): the price f fd _____7_____ (sar) ver 24% in Nigeria and 62.7% in Egypt in the past years.
Aside _____8_____ challenges t fd prductin, climate change is disrupting labr and transprtatin in the glbal supply chain. Heatwaves, wildfires, pwer and internet utages have already affected wrkers in warehuses, n the rad and in hme ffices. While wrker health and safety shuld always be a tp _____9_____ (prir), the climate crisis is creating labr disruptins and shrtages _____10_____ can drive up prices.
The climate crisis is raising yur grcery bills
Frm: The Guardian
Families arund the wrld are struggling with higher grcery csts and electricity and heating bills. What they may nt realize is that rising inflatin is increasingly (increase) driven by anther glbal crisis: climate change.
Last year, the United States incurred (incur) ver $2bn in csts due t 20 climate-related extreme weather events, frm Hurricane Ian t heatwaves and drught. Lumber, cttn, tmates, wheat and energy – and the prducts they generate, frm denim jeans t yur Italian takeut dinner – were all affected by these events and are nw mre expensive than this time last year. Climate-driven extreme weather and disasters are nw mre frequently respnsible fr prductin shrtages (shrtage), supply chain disruptins, and labr issues that lead t higher csts f living.
The cst f fd is particularly susceptible t climate-related shcks like drughts, flds r wildfires. Fr example, the cst f eggs in the US rse by 60% in 2022. In additin t increased demand and a spike in avian flu, climate-fueled drughts and heatwaves made grwing chicken feed 30% mre expensive. Climate change has als harmed the grwth f cttn in Texas, ranges in Flrida and tmates in Califrnia.
Arund the wrld, this affects lwer-incme peple the mst; they tend t spend a greater share f their incme n fd. In develping cuntries, cmmunities will feel the effects f climate change n their wallets and livelihds even mre severely (severe): the price f fd has sared (sar) ver 24% in Nigeria and 62.7% in Egypt in the past years.
Aside frm challenges t fd prductin, climate change is disrupting labr and transprtatin in the glbal supply chain. Heatwaves, wildfires, pwer and internet utages have already affected wrkers in warehuses, n the rad and in hme ffices. While wrker health and safety shuld always be a tp pririty (prir), the climate crisis is creating labr disruptins and shrtages which/that can drive up prices.
气候危机正在提高你的日常开支
全世界的家庭都在艰难应对食品杂货成本、电费和取暖费的上涨。他们可能没有意识到的是，不断上升的通货膨胀正日益受到另一场全球危机的推动：气候变化。
去年，美国因20起气候相关的极端天气事件（包括飓风伊恩、热浪侵袭和干旱等）造成了超20亿美元的损失。木材、棉花、西红柿、小麦和能源——以及相应的产成品，从单宁牛仔裤到你的意大利外卖晚餐——都受到了这些事件的影响，它们现在的价格比去年同期的价格更贵了。气候导致的极端天气和灾害现在更频繁地造成产量减少、供应链中断和劳动力问题，从而导致生活成本更高。
粮食成本特别容易受到干旱、洪水或野火等气候冲击的影响。例如，2022年美国鸡蛋的价格上涨60%。除了需求增加和禽流感爆发这两个因素，气候导致的干旱和热浪也使养鸡的饲料成本上升30%。气候变化也对德克萨斯州的棉花、佛罗里达州的橙子和加利福尼亚州的西红柿的生长造成了损失。
全世界低收入人群受此影响最大；这类人群的收入花在食品上的钱往往更多。在发展中国家，社区的人群的钱包和生计对这场气候变化造成的影响感受更为强烈：过去的几年，尼日利亚和埃及的食品价格分别上涨了24%和62.7%。
除了粮食生产面临挑战，气候变化正在破坏全球供应链中的劳动力和运输环节。热浪、野火、电力和互联网中断已经影响到在仓库、公路运输和居家办公的工作者们。虽然工人的健康和安全始终应该是重中之重，但气候危机正在造成劳动力中断和短缺，这可能会进一步推高（产品和服务的）价格。
生词积累
inflatin
n.通货膨胀
incur
v.带来（成本、花费等）；招致，遭受
disruptin
n.扰乱，中断
susceptible
adj.易得病的，易受影响的
spike
n.猛增，急升