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北京市海淀区清华志清中学2023-2024学年高一上学期10月月考英语试卷（Word版附解析）
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这是一份北京市海淀区清华志清中学2023-2024学年高一上学期10月月考英语试卷（Word版附解析），文件包含北京市海淀区清华志清中学2023-2024学年高一上学期第一次月考英语试卷Word版含解析docx、北京市海淀区清华志清中学2023-2024学年高一上学期第一次月考英语试卷Word版无答案docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共27页， 欢迎下载使用。
一. 完形填空(共10分，每小题1分)
FULL HOUSE
Walk int the ____1____ f Anne Belles and her husband, and yu’ll see kids everywhere — there are 30 bys in this crwded huse and Anne Belles is their mm. Belles has wanted t ____2____ children since she was a kid. “I was tuched by a musical based n the Charles Dickens’ nvel Oliver Twist (《雾都孤儿》). I tld my mm, ‘That’s what I want t d. I want t give prtectin and care t rphans (孤儿).’”
Anne’s bys ____3____ in age frm 3 t 25. All f them are ____4____ in sme way. “They each have special needs — physically, emtinally, r at schl,” says Belles. She desn’t fcus n what her kids can’t d, nly n what they can. In an interesting twist, thirteen f her ____5____ are ging t be in a lcal theater’s prductin f Oliver!
Raising 30 bys is n ____6____ task. Every day, a small army f childcare wrkers, nurses, and vlunteers cmes int help ck, clean, and take care f health needs.
The family receives $26,000 a mnth frm the gvernment, and has sme ____7____ frm a family business. All the mney is spent n the children; having new clthes and fancy cars isn’t ____8____ t Belles.
Hw d the kids feel? Says 17-year-ld Anthny, “The family is always there whenever I need smething… Under all this chas (杂乱), I feel like I am ____9____.”
“This was my dream. And everything abut what I’m ding was everything I wanted t happen in my life,” says Anne Belles. “S, abslutely n _____10_____; this is perfect. I culdn’t ask fr it t be better — maybe a bigger huse, yu knw, wuld be nice.”
1. A. classrmB. hmeC. factryD. ffice
2. A. educateB. greetC. helpD. manage
3. A. rangeB. resultC. increaseD. freeze
4. A. warnedB. ignredC. threatenedD. challenged
5. A. vlunteersB. wrkersC. bysD. nurses
6. A. mainB. smallC. jyfulD. familiar
7. A. incmeB. feesC. prgrammesD. permissin
8. A. extraB. imprtantC. effectiveD. enugh
9. A. curedB. neededC. lvedD. fund
10. A. chiceB. extremesC. hpeD. regrets
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了安妮·贝列斯和她丈夫在家里收养了30个男孩，并尽全力照顾他们，给予他们帮助的故事。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：走进安妮·贝列斯和她丈夫的家，你会看到到处都是孩子——这座拥挤的房子里有30个男孩，安妮·贝列斯是他们的妈妈。A. classrm教室；B. hme家；C. factry工厂；D. ffice办公室。根据句中“there are 30 bys in this crwded huse”可知，这座拥挤的房子里有30个男孩，“huse”指“住宅”，由此可知，这里是安妮·贝列斯和她丈夫的家。故选B项。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：贝列斯从小就想帮助孩子们。A. educate教育；B. greet打招呼；C. help帮助；D. manage管理。根据下文“I want t give prtectin and care t rphans (孤儿).”可知，贝列斯从小就想保护和照顾孤儿，由此可知，她从小就想帮助孩子们。故选C项。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：安妮的男孩们的年龄从3岁到25岁不等。A. range（在一定的范围内）变化；B. result（因……）发生；C. increase增加；D. freeze冻结。根据空格后“in age frm 3 t 25”可知，句中指男孩们的年龄从3岁到25岁不等，“range in age frm…t…”意为“年龄范围从……到……。故选A项。
【4题详解】
考查形容词和动词词义辨析。句意：他们都在某些方面有缺陷。A. warned警告；B. ignred忽视；C. threatened受到威胁的；D. challenged有缺陷的。根据下文“They each have special needs—physically, emtinally, r at schl.”可知，这些孩子在身体、情感或上学方面有特殊需要，由此可知，他们在身体、情感等方面有缺陷，与常人不同。故选D项。
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有趣的是，她所有的男孩中的13个将在当地一家剧院演出《奥利弗》！A. vlunteers志愿者；B. wrkers工人；C. bys男孩；D. nurses护士。根据上文“there are 30 bys in this crwded huse”可知，安妮收养了30个男孩，由此可知，30个男孩中的13个将演出《奥利弗》。故选C项。
【6题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：抚养30个男孩不是一件小任务。A. main主要的；B. small小的；C. jyful高兴的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据下文“Every day, a small army f childcare wrkers, nurses, and vlunteers cmes int help ck, clean, and take care f health needs.”可知，每天都会有志愿者过来帮忙做饭和打扫卫生等，由此可知，抚养30个男孩不是一件小任务，需要别人的帮助。故选B项。
【7题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个家庭每月从政府那里获得2.6万美元，并从一个家族企业中获得一些收入。A. incme收入；B. fees（给别人的）费用；C. prgrammes计划；D. permissin准许。根据句中“The family receives $26,000 a mnth frm the gvernment”可知，这里介绍了这个家庭是如何获得生活费用的，由此可知，他们从一个家族企业中赚取一些家庭收入。故选A项。
【8题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所有的钱都花在了孩子身上；拥有新衣服和奢华的汽车对贝列斯来说并不重要。A. extra额外的；B. imprtant重要的；C. effective有效的；D. enugh充足的。根据句中“All the mney is spent n the children”可知，所有的钱都花在了孩子身上，由此可知，对贝列斯来说，拥有新衣服和奢华的汽车并不重要。故选B项。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：17岁安东尼说：“每当我需要什么东西的时候，家人总是在那里……在这片混乱中，我感觉到了自己被爱。”A. cured治愈；B. needed需要；C. lved爱；D. fund发现。根据句中“The family is always there whenever I need smething”可知，安东尼觉得每当自己需要什么东西的时候，家人总会给予他帮助，由此可知，他感觉自己被爱了，得到了家人的爱。故选C项。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，绝对没有遗憾；这太完美了。A. chice选择；B. extremes极端；C. hpe希望；D. regrets遗憾。根据句中“this is perfect”可知，贝列斯觉得现在的一切都很完美，由此可知，她认为没有遗憾。故选D项。
二．语法填空(共10分，每小题1分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Oliver is a hst f a TV prgramme n fd. He says fd___11___(play) a big rle in his life. "My mum was a great ck and she'd smetimes let me have a try," he said. The first dish Oliver prepared fr his family was fried chicken wings. He made it with his mum's help. Oliver says if yu're___12___(luck) enugh t have smene clse t yu wh enjys cking, ask them___13___yu can jin in when it's pssible.
【答案】11. plays/has played/is playing/has been playing
12. lucky 13. if/whether
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文，主要介绍了美食节目主持人奥利弗。
【11题详解】
考查时态。句意：他说食物在他的生命中扮演着重要角色。此处表示现在的状态，也可以表示从过去一直到现在延续的状态，所以可以用现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时和现在完成进行时。主语fd为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。故填plays/has played/is playing/has been playing。
【12题详解】
考查形容词。句意：奥利弗说，如果你足够幸运，身边有一个喜欢烹饪的人。空前有be动词，所以空处填形容词做表语。故填lucky。
【13题详解】
考查连词。句意：问他们你是否有可能加入他们。____ yu can jin in when it's pssible.是宾语从句，从句成分完整，但缺“是否”的意思，故填if/whether。
B
语法填空
I wake up at six ’clck every mrning. It____14____(take) me less than 15 minutes____15____(wash),get changed, have breakfast and leave hme. I’m always the first persn____16____(get)t my class. The mrnings are always very busy and the afternns are even____17____(busy)! By arund five ’clck, I usually find time t d my paperwrk and preview the lessns.
【答案】14. takes
15. t wash
16. t get 17. busier
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一天的生活、学习安排。
【14题详解】
考查时态。句意：洗衣服、换衣服、吃早餐和离开家只需要不到15分钟。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，因句子表达的是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时，因主语为单数第三人称，谓语动词使用的单数第三人称形式，故填takes。
【15题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子结构，本句使用了it作形式主语，因此空白处在句子中做主语，使用非谓语动词，因空白处表示的是一个尚未发生的不确定的动作，使用动词不定式，故填t wash。
【16题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我总是第一个到达班上的学生。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语，使用非谓语动词，根据非谓语动词的用法，当名词被序数词修饰，其后使用动词不定式作定语，故填t get。
【17题详解】
考查形容词的比较级。句意：早上总是很忙，下午更忙。根据句意，本句要把The mrnings与the afternns进行比较，空白处应使用形容词的比较级，故填busier。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A piece f stne___18___(find) n a Dutch beach suggests that ur extinct human relatives, knwn as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previusly thught. The Neanderthals___19___（live）alngside human ancestrs in Eurpe fr tens f thusands f years, befre dying ut abut 40, 000 years ag. They were much strnger than mdern humans, but it's lng been assumed that human ancestrs were____20____（smart）than the Neanderthals. Hwever, the stne tl made by Neanderthals suggests therwise.
【答案】18. fund
19. lived/had lived/had been living
20. smarter
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在荷兰海滩上发现的一块石头表明已经灭绝的人类亲戚尼安德特人比我们之前认为的更聪明。
【18题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在荷兰海滩上发现的一块石头表明，我们已经灭绝的人类亲戚尼安德特人比我们之前认为的更聪明。句子的谓语为suggests，设空处在句中作非谓语和逻辑主语之间是逻辑的被动关系。故答案为fund。
【19题详解】
考查动词的时态和语态。句意：尼安德特人与人类祖先一起在欧洲生活了数万年，直到大约4万年前灭绝。设空处在句中作谓语，结合句意，此处是指在灭绝之前一直生活了数万年。设空处的动作发生在灭绝之前，结合时间状语fr tens f thusands f years。故应用过去完成时态或者过去完成进行时态；又因动作发生在过去，强调过去发生的动作，也可用一般过去时。故答案为lived/had lived/had been living。
【20题详解】
考查形容词的比较级。句意：但长期以来，人们一直认为人类祖先比尼安德特人更聪明。设空处前为were设空处应用形容词，设空处后的than表示比较，应用比较级。故答案为smarter。
三.阅读理解(共18分，每小题2分)
A
As any yunger brther will tell yu, having a big brther means a lt f walking in smene else’s shadw, especially when yu have a brther wh is a typical example f “cl”. Fr years I wanted t d everything my elder brther Tysn did, but n matter hw hard I tried, I was always the neglected (被忽略的) ne. My legs just weren’t made t run like his. I culd never play ftball r basketball well.
I prbably wuld have cntinued trying t keep up with him fr the rest f my high schl career, but when my family mved, everything changed. Tysn left fr cllege, s I had t start at a new schl all by myself. This new start gave me an pprtunity t redefine myself and discver an entirely new meaning f “cl”.
I dn’t knw what made me decide t try sme new activities at the new schl, but ne day I chanced t shw up fr an after-schl meeting f the Science Olympiad team. I had always been fascinated with chemistry, bilgy, and math, but since thse interests hadn’t fit Tysn’s definitin f “cl”, I had never pursued them. On this day, fr sme reasn, I did.
As we rganized teams, prepared resurces and practiced answering questins, I felt mre cnnected than I ever had t any sprts team. I didn’t feel as thugh I needed t keep up with anybdy else; I was finally with peers (同伴) wh understd me. It was s gd t feel accepted fr what I’m gd at.
Fr the first time in my life, I actually felt cl. Nw I knw wh I am! I’m Tysn’s little brther, but that’s nly part f my identity. I’m a cl guy in my wn way, t. I’m relieved t knw that “cl” has a much brader definitin than what I used t think.
21. What makes Tysn a typical example f “cl”?
A. He has lng legs and dresses fashinably.B. He pays little attentin t thers.
C. He always shadws his brther.D. He is really gd at sprts.
22. What made the authr feel “cl”?
A. Ging t a new schl all by himself.B. Accepting peers with the same interest.
C. Taking part in activities f a science team.D. Refusing t be identified as Tysn’s brther.
23. What can we learn frm the stry?
A. Never judge a bk by its cver.B. Find yurself and be yurself.
C. Life is full f pssibilities.D. Skill is n burden.
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者一直以哥哥为榜样，模仿哥哥的行为，通过参加科学团队的经历，让作者意识到不应该模仿别人，应该做自己，成为自己想成为的人。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“Fr years I wanted t d everything my elder brther Tysn did, but n matter hw hard I tried, I was always the neglected (被忽略的) ne. My legs just weren’t made t run like his. I culd never play ftball r basketball well.”（多年来，我想做我哥哥泰森做的一切，但无论我多么努力，我总是被忽视的一个。我的腿就是跑得不像他的那么快。我从来都踢不好足球，也打不好篮球。）可知，作者想和哥哥泰森一样“酷”，所以他也参加各种体育运动，但他从来都踢不好足球，也打不好篮球，由此可知，哥哥泰森擅长体育运动，这一点让泰森成为“酷”的典型代表。故选D项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段内容“I dn’t knw what made me decide t try sme new activities at the new schl, but ne day I chanced t shw up fr an after-schl meeting f the Science Olympiad team. I had always been fascinated with chemistry, bilgy, and math, but since thse interests hadn’t fit Tysn’s definitin f “cl”, I had never pursued them. On this day, fr sme reasn, I did.”（我不知道是什么让我决定在新学校尝试一些新的活动，但有一天我碰巧参加了科奥队的课后会议。我一直对化学、生物和数学着迷，但由于这些兴趣不符合泰森对“酷”的定义，所以我从未追求过。在这一天，出于某种原因，我做到了。）和最后一段关键句“Fr the first time in my life, I actually felt cl.”（这是我有生以来第一次确实感到很酷。）可知，作者参加了科奥队，这次经历让作者有生以来第一次感到很酷，由此可知，参加科学团队的活动让作者觉得很“酷”。故选C项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，结合最后一段关键句“Fr the first time in my life, I actually felt cl. Nw I knw wh I am! I’m Tysn’s little brther, but that’s nly part f my identity. I’m a cl guy in my wn way, t.”（这是我有生以来第一次确实感到很酷。现在我知道我是谁了！我是泰森的弟弟，但那只是我身份的一部分。以我自己的方式，我也是一个很酷的人。）可知，本文讲述了作者一直以哥哥为榜样，模仿哥哥的行为，通过参加科学团队的经历，让作者意识到不应该模仿别人，应该做自己，成为自己想成为的人，由此可推断出，我们可以从这个故事中学到我们应该找到自我，做自己。故选B项。
B
A petry cmpetitin has been launched fr pupils. It invites yung peple t reflect n the “many ways we are cnnected t the universe”. The cmpetitin is aimed at pupils aged 4 t 18 and is part f a natinal celebratin f creativity taking place acrss the UK thrughut 2023.
The winning entries will be featured in a multimedia live prjectin shw, which will visit multiple lcatins arund the UK frm March t May 2023. This utdr shw will include submissins frm the cmpetitin and run fr a week in each lcatin. Winners will als receive a range f ther prizes, including bks and chclate, plus cntinued develpment and caching pprtunities frm the Petry Sciety.
The rules are as fllws:
·The cmpetitin is free t enter. Entries will be accepted frm anywhere in the UK. Entries frm utside the UK are nt accepted. If yu are aged 4 — 12, yur parent will need t give permissin fr yu t enter.
·Yur entry must be the riginal wrk f the creatr. Yur wrk is accepted n the basis that this will be its first appearance anywhere in the wrld.
·Pems must be written in English r Welsh, but yu can include phrases in yur mther tngue r anther language. Pems must nt be lnger than 20 lines. Yu are free t write in any style r frm.
·Yu may enter either nline via the website r by pst t the Petry Sciety, 22 Bettertn Street, Lndn. All nline entries must be received by 23:59 GMT n 19 December 2022. All pems entered by pst must be pst-dated n r befre 19 December 2022.
If yu wuld like t enter nline, please cntinue thrugh the nline system n this website. Email AbutUs@petrysciety. rg if yu are having prblems with yur submissin.
24. What is the theme f the cmpetitin?
A. Natinal celebratin.B. Reflectin n creativity.
C. Yung peple’s talents.D. Cnnectivity t the universe.
25. What will be awarded t the winners?
A. A free tur arund the UK.B. Membership f the Petry Sciety.
C. Bks, chclate and prize mney.D. A chance t present their wrks in a shw.
26. Accrding t the rules, participants .
A. can submit entries by emailB. must write within the line limit
C. may enter their published pemsD. shuld ask parents fr permissin
【答案】24. D 25. D 26. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个诗歌比赛的情况以及参赛规则。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“It invites yung peple t reflect n the “many ways we are cnnected t the universe”.(它邀请年轻人思考“我们与宇宙联系的许多方式”)”可知，比赛的主题是与宇宙的联系。故选D。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The winning entries will be featured in a multimedia live prjectin shw, which will visit multiple lcatins arund the UK frm March t May 2023. (获奖作品将在2023年3月至5月期间在英国多个地方进行多媒体现场投影展示)”可知，获胜者将获得在展览中展示他们作品的机会。故选D。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Pems must nt be lnger than 20 lines.(诗歌不得超过20行)”可知，根据规定，参赛者必须在限定的行内书写。故选B。
C
Laughing tgether is an imprtant way fr peple t cnnect and bnd. And thugh the causes f laughter can vary widely acrss individuals and grups, the sund f a laugh is usually recgnizable between peple belnging t different cultures.
But what abut animals? D they “laugh”? And are the causes f animal and human laughter alike? In humans, peple may laugh when they hear a jke, r when they see smething that they think is funny, thugh it’s unknwn if animals’ intelligence includes what humans wuld call a sense f humr.
Hwever, many animals prduce sunds during play that are unique t that pleasant scial interactin. Researchers cnsider such vcalizatins t be similar t human laughter. Recently, scientists investigated play vcalizatin t see hw cmmn it was amng animals. The team identified 65 species that “laughed” while playing — mst were mammals (哺乳动物), but a few bird species demnstrated playful laughter t. Reprts f playful laughter were ntably absent in studies describing fish, perhaps because there is sme questin as t whether r nt play exists at all in that animal grup. This new study culd help scientists t analyze the rigins f human laughter.
But hw can we identify play? Unlike fighting, play is usually repetitive and happens independently f ther scial behavirs, said lead study authr Sasha Winkler, a dctr f bilgical anthrplgy at the University f Califrnia. When it cmes t identifying it, “yu knw it when yu see it,” Winkler tld Live Science. One sign is that primates — ur clsest relatives — have a “play face” that is similar t the expressins f humans wh are playing.
When Winkler previusly wrked with rhesus macaques, she had nticed that the mnkeys panted (喘气) quietly while playing. Many ther primates are als knwn t vcalize during play, she said, s a hypthesis (laughter in humans is thught t have riginated during play) supprted by the play-related panting laughter f many primate species was put frward.
Peple nw still laugh during play, but we als integrate laughter int language and nn-play behavirs, using laughter in diverse ways t express a range f emtins that may be psitive r negative. Human laughter ntably differs frm ther animals’ laughter in anther imprtant way: its vlume. Peple bradcast their laughter ludly, ften as a way f establishing inclusin. By cmparisn, when mst animals laugh, the sund is very quiet — just lud enugh t be heard by the laugher’s partner.
“It’s really fascinating that s many animals have a similar functin f vcalizatin during play” Winkler tld Live Science. “But we d have these unique parts f human laughter that are als an imprtant area fr future study."
27. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T explain causes f animal and human laughter.
B. T assess cmplexities regarding animal laughter.
C. T present findings n the existence f animal laughter.
D. T analyze differences between animal and human laughter.
28. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. Animal laughter is even nticeable in fish.
B. Animal laughter is hard t recgnize during play.
C. Peple have learned t cmbine play with laughter.
D. Peple laugh ludly because they want t invlve thers.
29. What is prbably the fcus f future study n laughter?
A. Distinctive features f human laughter.
B. Different functins f animal laughter.
C. The rigin and develpment f human laughter.
D. The relatinship between animal laughter and intelligence.
【答案】27. C 28. D 29. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了关于“动物界存在笑声”的相关研究成果。
27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“But what abut animals? D they “laugh”? And are the causes f animal and human laughter alike?(但是动物呢？他们会“笑”吗？动物和人类笑的原因是一样的吗？)”提出的三个问题、第三段中“Recently, scientists investigated play vcalizatin t see hw cmmn it was amng animals. The team identified 65 species that “laughed” while playing — mst were mammals (哺乳动物), but a few bird species demnstrated playful laughter t.(最近，科学家们调查了游戏中的发声，看看它在动物中有多普遍。研究小组确定了65种会在玩耍时“笑”的物种——大多数是哺乳动物，但一些鸟类也会笑)”、第五段中“Many ther primates are als knwn t vcalize during play, she said, s a hypthesis (laughter in humans is thught t have riginated during play) supprted by the play-related panting laughter f many primate species was put frward.(她说，许多其他灵长类动物也会在玩耍时发出声音，因此提出了一种假说(人类的笑声被认为是在玩耍时产生的)，这种假说得到了许多灵长类动物与玩耍有关的喘息笑声的支持)”和最后一段中“‘It’s really fascinating that s many animals have a similar functin f vcalizatin during play,’ Winkler tld Live Science.(温克勒告诉《生活科学》杂志说：“这么多动物在玩耍时都有类似的发声功能，这真的很有趣。”)”中给出的相关答案可知，本文是为了展示“动物界存在笑声”相关研究的成果。故选C项。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段中“Peple bradcast their laughter ludly, ften as a way f establishing inclusin.(人们大声传播他们的笑声，这通常是作为一种寻求参与者的方式)”可知，人们大声地笑是为了让其它人参与进来。故选D项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But we d have these unique parts f human laughter that are als an imprtant area fr future study.(但我们确实有人类笑声所独有的部分，这也是未来研究的一个重要领域)”可推知，接下来的研究很可能重点关注人类笑声的独特特征。故选A项。
四.七选五 (共10分，每小题2分)
As a dctr, I can give yu a lt f useful advice abut hw t get healthy and stay that way, but yu dn’t need me t tell yu that exercise is gd fr yu. Staying active can benefit the heart, the waistline, even the mind. ____30____ Mre than 60% f American adults dn’t exercise regularly, and many say they dn’t exercise at all. Mre than 72 millin are verweight, and almst all f them wuld like t lse the extra punds. S, if exercise is such a gd idea, why dn’t mre peple d it?
____31____ Even as I write this, I am watching my tw-year-ld run arund in circles. Kids seem t be brn in cnstant mtin, but alng the way that behavir changes.
The slwdwn ccurs fr mst at the beginning f cllege. Academic pressure and lack f rganized sprts are certainly part f the prblem. A bigger part may be lking at life changes as an ccasin t blw up ld rules and nt create new nes in their place. ____32____ The demands f a new jb usually mean less time at the gym. Hw abut a new marriage? Hw many times have we seen just-married cuples lking a lt heavier in first-anniversary phts than they did in the wedding pictures?
____33____ Peple wh set general gals, like “I will exercise in my free time,” did a far wrse jb f sticking t that plan than did peple wh made a firm cmmitment, like “I will walk t my friend’s huse and back every Mnday, Wednesday, and Friday.”
The gd news is, there are slutins t all these. We can begin with exercises as simple as remembering t sit straighter r drink enugh water. Specific wrkut plans can turn a general desire t exercise int a firm cmmitment. ____34____
We may never again have the energy f a tw-year-ld, but getting back even a little f ur early-life energy can make ur later lives a whle lt healthier.
A. Being in cllege is certainly part f the prblem.
B. This is especially s when it cmes t staying fit.
C. Nt having a clearly defined exercise plan can hurt.
D. We ften wish t g back t ur tw-year-ld selves.
E. Fr instance, yu can schedule a weekly gym visit with friends.
F. Still, there’s a real discnnect between what we knw and what we d.
G. The mst puzzling part f ur inactive nature is that we dn’t start ut that way.
【答案】30. F 31. G 32. B 33. C 34. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是人们知道运动有益于健康，而人们却不去运动的原因，并提出了如何去运动的建议。
【30题详解】
根据空前的“Staying active can benefit the heart, the waistline, even the mind.(保持活跃对心脏、腰围、甚至思维都有好处。)”可知，人们知道运动有益健康，根据空后“Mre than 60% f American adults dn’t exercise regularly, and many say they dn’t exercise at all.(超过60%的美国成年人不经常锻炼，许多人说他们根本不锻炼。)”可知，调查结果发现，美国成年人大多数却不怎么运动甚至根本不运动，由此可猜测，此空处应承上启下的作用，G选项“Still, there’s a real discnnect between what we knw and what we d.(尽管如此，我们所知道的和我们所做的之间还是有很大的差距。)”讲述的是人们想的与做的有差距，起到承上启下的作用。故选F项。
【31题详解】
根据空前的“S, if exercise is such a gd idea, why dn’t mre peple d it?(那么，如果运动是一个好主意，为什么不让更多的人去做呢?)”可知，既然运动是好想法，为什么却不去做呢，提出问题，引出下文分析原因，根据空后的“Even as I write this, I am watching my tw-year-ld run arund in circles.(就在我写这篇文章的时候，我正看着我两岁的儿子在原地打转。)”可知，小孩子还是很喜欢运动的，G选项“The mst puzzling part f ur inactive nature is that we dn’t start ut that way.(我们不活跃的天性中最令人费解的部分是，我们一开始并不是这样的。)”讲述的是我们不运动可不是从一开始就这样，与空后内容吻合。故选G项。
【32题详解】
根据空前“A bigger part may be lking at life changes as an ccasin t blw up ld rules and nt create new nes in their place.(更大的一部分可能是把生活的变化看作是一个打破旧规则的机会，而不是创造新的规则。)”可知，很大的原因是人们把改变生活看作打破旧规，而不是创建新规，而根据空后“The demands f a new jb usually mean less time at the gym.(新工作的要求通常意味着在健身房锻炼的时间更少。)”可知，新工作的要求可能意为着更少锻炼的时间，B选项“This is especially s when it cmes t staying fit.(在保持健康方面尤其如此。)”讲述的内容从空前的对改变生活的看法转述到空后的文章谈论的运动与健康的主题中，符合语境。故选B项。
【33题详解】
根据空后的“Peple wh set general gals, like “I will exercise in my free time,” did a far wrse jb f sticking t that plan than did peple wh made a firm cmmitment, like “I will walk t my friend’s huse and back every Mnday, Wednesday, and Friday.”(那些设定一般目标的人，比如“我要在空闲时间锻炼”，在坚持计划方面的表现要比那些做出坚定承诺的人糟糕得多，比如“我每周一、三、五走路去朋友家，然后回家”。)”可知，该段落分析的是人们不运动与没有恰当的运动规划相关，C选项“Nt having a clearly defined exercise plan can hurt.(没有一个明确的锻炼计划会带来伤害。)”讲述的内容概括了本段的主题，内容与空后一致。故选C项。
【34题详解】
根据空前的“Specific wrkut plans can turn a general desire t exercise int a firm cmmitment.(具体的锻炼计划可以把一般的锻炼愿望变成坚定的承诺。)”可知，具体的锻炼计划能把一个锻炼的想法转换为坚定的承诺，分析语篇可知，此空应为具体的做法，E选项“Fr instance, yu can schedule a weekly gym visit with friends.(例如，你可以安排每周和朋友去一次健身房。)”通过举例来说明空前的具体做法，内容与空前一致，逻辑合理。故选E项。
五.阅读回答 (共12分，1题2分，2题2分，3题3分，4题5分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
In the mrnings, as I walked frm the train statin t the ffice, I planned my day by making a t-d list in my head: the scientific articles I wuld read, the data sets I wuld analyze, and-mst urgent f all-the insights int human nature that it was my jb t discver.
Each evening, I went back t the statin, again ging thrugh my mental checklist but this time sizing up my perfrmance against the expectatins I’d set fr myself that mrning. Time and again, when cmparing my t-d list with my gt-dne list, I felt disappinted because I had fallen shrt.
But ne day, smething very strange happened. During my trip hme, withut any cnscius intent, my thughts began t shift. Instead f feeling bad abut my weaknesses, I said alud very sftly: I’m a nice persn. I’m a nice persn. I’m a nice persn.
By the time I barded my train, I was dne with my little chant-until the next day when I walked hme. And again, after cunting my failures, I fund myself saying quietly: I’m a nice persn.
It turns ut that there’s a technical term fr this practice: values affirmatin. And what it bils dwn t is recgnizing, and strengthening, the persnal values yu hld mst dear.
When yu affirm a cre persnal value, yu shre up yur sense f self-wrth. Yu braden yur utlk: Instead f fcusing n yur shrtfalls, yu switch t a wide-angle view that includes yur resurces and pprtunities. And the peple wh d this are happier, healthier, and mre hpeful.
Over time, I made prgress in my research and learned a lt abut what makes mst successful peple special, including this: Nbdy has passin and determinatin unless what they d lines up with their values.
Try values affirmatin fr yurself and teach the practice t yur students. Take a mment and think f a value yu hld dear, whether it’s kindness, creativity, r gratitude. Whatever it is, name it. And then say t yurself: Cme what may, I knw wh I am. Yur values are yur fundatin and yur cmpass, t. Trust them, and they will lead yu hme.
35. Hw did the authr feel when she cmpared her t-d list with her gt-dne list?
___________________________________________________________________________
36. What is values affirmatin?
___________________________________________________________________________
37. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Peple wh recgnize their shrtfalls are happier, healthier, and mre
___________________________________________________________________________
38. Apart frm speaking ut psitive wrds, what else culd yu d t feel better abut yurself? (In abut 40 wrds)
___________________________________________________________________________
【答案】35. She felt disappinted.
36. It is recgnizing and strengthening the persnal values yu hld mst dear.
37. Peple wh recgnize their shrtfalls are happier, healthier, and mre hpeful.
Peple wh switch t a wide-angle view that includes their resurces and pprtunities, instead f fcusing n their shrtfalls, are happier, healthier, and mre hpeful.
38. Apart frm speaking ut psitive wrds, There are smething else I culd d t feel better abut myself, fr example, be with the peple wh ften praise me fr my utlk, my behaviur and my characters and achieve the gal set befre n time, because they will make me becme cnfident abut myself.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者从自身经历出发。论述了肯定自我的重要性。
【35题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“Time and again, when cmparing my t-d list with my gt-dne list, I felt disappinted because I had fallen shrt.(一次又一次，当我把我的待办事项清单和我的已完成事项清单进行比较时，我感到失望，因为我没有达到目标)”可知，当作者将她的待办事项清单与已完成事项清单进行比较时，她感到很失望。故答案为She felt disappinted.
【36题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第五段“It turns ut that there’s a technical term fr this practice: values affirmatin. And what it bils dwn t is recgnizing, and strengthening, the persnal values yu hld mst dear.(事实证明，这种做法有一个专业术语：价值观肯定。归根结底，就是认识并加强你最珍视的个人价值观)”可知，价值观的肯定是指是认识到并加强你最珍视的个人价值观。故答案为It is recgnizing and strengthening the persnal values yu hld mst dear.
【37题详解】
考查推理判断。根据文章第六段“When yu affirm a cre persnal value, yu shre up yur sense f self-wrth. Yu braden yur utlk: Instead f fcusing n yur shrtfalls, yu switch t a wide-angle view that includes yur resurces and pprtunities. And the peple wh d this are happier, healthier, and mre hpeful.(当你肯定一个核心的个人价值时，你就支撑了你的自我价值感。你开阔了视野：你不再只关注自己的缺点，而是从更广阔的角度看待自己的资源和机会。这样做的人更快乐，更健康，更有希望)”可知，当人们不再关注自己的不足的时候才会感到更快乐，更健康，更有希望。故答案为Peple wh recgnize their shrtfalls are happier, healthier, and mre hpeful. Peple wh switch t a wide-angle view that includes their resurces and pprtunities, instead f fcusing n their shrtfalls, are happier, healthier, and mre hpeful.
【38题详解】
开放性试题。本题主要让介绍自己感觉自己更好的方法，可以从很多角度答题，符合常理即可。如经常听到别人的赞美，按时达成目标等都能使人从内到外散发自信。故答案为Apart frm speaking ut psitive wrds, There are smething else I culd d t feel better abut myself, fr example, be with the peple wh ften praise me fr my utlk, my behaviur and my characters and achieve the gal set befre n time, because they will make me becme cnfident abut myself.
六.作文(20分)
39. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你刚开始新的高中生活。请你用英文给你的外国朋友Jim写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1.新高中生活的感受；2.现在和以前的不同之处；3.你对三年高中生活的打算。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
Hw is everything ging?
I’m a new senir secndary schl student. It is the start f a new chapter in my life. My new schl life is very exciting. I feel excited because this schl differs in many ways frm my previus ne. Previusly, we had fixed classrms where students all sat in rws. In my new schl, we dn’t have fixed classrms. Students sit arund in grups and we ften have grup discussins and share ur ideas r check ur wrk tgether. What is als very different is that students in the same class can have different class schedules. That means we g t different classrms fr different subjects f ur wn chices.
In the next three years, I hpe I will learn many new things. I als hpe I will develp cnfidence in speaking English and develp cmpetence in a variety f new skills.
All in all, I hpe t have a happier, mre fruitful and satisfying life in my new schl. Wuld yu like t intrduce yur schl life t me? I’m lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求你用英文给你的外国朋友Jim写一封电子邮件，因为你刚开始新的高中生活，分享你的高中生活、感受以及打算。
【详解】1.词汇积累
开始：start→beginning/threshld/pening
选择：chice→selectin/ptin
提高：imprve→enhance/bst/raise
各种各样的：a variety f→varius
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Students sit arund in grups and we ften have grup discussins and share ur ideas r check ur wrk tgether.
拓展句：Sitting arund in grups, we ften have grup discussins and share ur ideas r check ur wrk tgether.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Previusly, we had fixed classrms where students all sat in rws. (运用了where引导的限制性定语从句。)
【高分句型2】What is als very different is that students in the same class can have different class schedules. (运用了what引导的主语从句以及that引导的表语从句。)
一. 完形填空(共10分，每小题1分)
FULL HOUSE
Walk int the ____1____ f Anne Belles and her husband, and yu’ll see kids everywhere — there are 30 bys in this crwded huse and Anne Belles is their mm. Belles has wanted t ____2____ children since she was a kid. “I was tuched by a musical based n the Charles Dickens’ nvel Oliver Twist (《雾都孤儿》). I tld my mm, ‘That’s what I want t d. I want t give prtectin and care t rphans (孤儿).’”
Anne’s bys ____3____ in age frm 3 t 25. All f them are ____4____ in sme way. “They each have special needs — physically, emtinally, r at schl,” says Belles. She desn’t fcus n what her kids can’t d, nly n what they can. In an interesting twist, thirteen f her ____5____ are ging t be in a lcal theater’s prductin f Oliver!
Raising 30 bys is n ____6____ task. Every day, a small army f childcare wrkers, nurses, and vlunteers cmes int help ck, clean, and take care f health needs.
The family receives $26,000 a mnth frm the gvernment, and has sme ____7____ frm a family business. All the mney is spent n the children; having new clthes and fancy cars isn’t ____8____ t Belles.
Hw d the kids feel? Says 17-year-ld Anthny, “The family is always there whenever I need smething… Under all this chas (杂乱), I feel like I am ____9____.”
“This was my dream. And everything abut what I’m ding was everything I wanted t happen in my life,” says Anne Belles. “S, abslutely n _____10_____; this is perfect. I culdn’t ask fr it t be better — maybe a bigger huse, yu knw, wuld be nice.”
1. A. classrmB. hmeC. factryD. ffice
2. A. educateB. greetC. helpD. manage
3. A. rangeB. resultC. increaseD. freeze
4. A. warnedB. ignredC. threatenedD. challenged
5. A. vlunteersB. wrkersC. bysD. nurses
6. A. mainB. smallC. jyfulD. familiar
7. A. incmeB. feesC. prgrammesD. permissin
8. A. extraB. imprtantC. effectiveD. enugh
9. A. curedB. neededC. lvedD. fund
10. A. chiceB. extremesC. hpeD. regrets
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了安妮·贝列斯和她丈夫在家里收养了30个男孩，并尽全力照顾他们，给予他们帮助的故事。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：走进安妮·贝列斯和她丈夫的家，你会看到到处都是孩子——这座拥挤的房子里有30个男孩，安妮·贝列斯是他们的妈妈。A. classrm教室；B. hme家；C. factry工厂；D. ffice办公室。根据句中“there are 30 bys in this crwded huse”可知，这座拥挤的房子里有30个男孩，“huse”指“住宅”，由此可知，这里是安妮·贝列斯和她丈夫的家。故选B项。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：贝列斯从小就想帮助孩子们。A. educate教育；B. greet打招呼；C. help帮助；D. manage管理。根据下文“I want t give prtectin and care t rphans (孤儿).”可知，贝列斯从小就想保护和照顾孤儿，由此可知，她从小就想帮助孩子们。故选C项。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：安妮的男孩们的年龄从3岁到25岁不等。A. range（在一定的范围内）变化；B. result（因……）发生；C. increase增加；D. freeze冻结。根据空格后“in age frm 3 t 25”可知，句中指男孩们的年龄从3岁到25岁不等，“range in age frm…t…”意为“年龄范围从……到……。故选A项。
【4题详解】
考查形容词和动词词义辨析。句意：他们都在某些方面有缺陷。A. warned警告；B. ignred忽视；C. threatened受到威胁的；D. challenged有缺陷的。根据下文“They each have special needs—physically, emtinally, r at schl.”可知，这些孩子在身体、情感或上学方面有特殊需要，由此可知，他们在身体、情感等方面有缺陷，与常人不同。故选D项。
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有趣的是，她所有的男孩中的13个将在当地一家剧院演出《奥利弗》！A. vlunteers志愿者；B. wrkers工人；C. bys男孩；D. nurses护士。根据上文“there are 30 bys in this crwded huse”可知，安妮收养了30个男孩，由此可知，30个男孩中的13个将演出《奥利弗》。故选C项。
【6题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：抚养30个男孩不是一件小任务。A. main主要的；B. small小的；C. jyful高兴的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据下文“Every day, a small army f childcare wrkers, nurses, and vlunteers cmes int help ck, clean, and take care f health needs.”可知，每天都会有志愿者过来帮忙做饭和打扫卫生等，由此可知，抚养30个男孩不是一件小任务，需要别人的帮助。故选B项。
【7题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个家庭每月从政府那里获得2.6万美元，并从一个家族企业中获得一些收入。A. incme收入；B. fees（给别人的）费用；C. prgrammes计划；D. permissin准许。根据句中“The family receives $26,000 a mnth frm the gvernment”可知，这里介绍了这个家庭是如何获得生活费用的，由此可知，他们从一个家族企业中赚取一些家庭收入。故选A项。
【8题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所有的钱都花在了孩子身上；拥有新衣服和奢华的汽车对贝列斯来说并不重要。A. extra额外的；B. imprtant重要的；C. effective有效的；D. enugh充足的。根据句中“All the mney is spent n the children”可知，所有的钱都花在了孩子身上，由此可知，对贝列斯来说，拥有新衣服和奢华的汽车并不重要。故选B项。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：17岁安东尼说：“每当我需要什么东西的时候，家人总是在那里……在这片混乱中，我感觉到了自己被爱。”A. cured治愈；B. needed需要；C. lved爱；D. fund发现。根据句中“The family is always there whenever I need smething”可知，安东尼觉得每当自己需要什么东西的时候，家人总会给予他帮助，由此可知，他感觉自己被爱了，得到了家人的爱。故选C项。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，绝对没有遗憾；这太完美了。A. chice选择；B. extremes极端；C. hpe希望；D. regrets遗憾。根据句中“this is perfect”可知，贝列斯觉得现在的一切都很完美，由此可知，她认为没有遗憾。故选D项。
二．语法填空(共10分，每小题1分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Oliver is a hst f a TV prgramme n fd. He says fd___11___(play) a big rle in his life. "My mum was a great ck and she'd smetimes let me have a try," he said. The first dish Oliver prepared fr his family was fried chicken wings. He made it with his mum's help. Oliver says if yu're___12___(luck) enugh t have smene clse t yu wh enjys cking, ask them___13___yu can jin in when it's pssible.
【答案】11. plays/has played/is playing/has been playing
12. lucky 13. if/whether
【解析】
【分析】本文是记叙文，主要介绍了美食节目主持人奥利弗。
【11题详解】
考查时态。句意：他说食物在他的生命中扮演着重要角色。此处表示现在的状态，也可以表示从过去一直到现在延续的状态，所以可以用现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时和现在完成进行时。主语fd为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。故填plays/has played/is playing/has been playing。
【12题详解】
考查形容词。句意：奥利弗说，如果你足够幸运，身边有一个喜欢烹饪的人。空前有be动词，所以空处填形容词做表语。故填lucky。
【13题详解】
考查连词。句意：问他们你是否有可能加入他们。____ yu can jin in when it's pssible.是宾语从句，从句成分完整，但缺“是否”的意思，故填if/whether。
B
语法填空
I wake up at six ’clck every mrning. It____14____(take) me less than 15 minutes____15____(wash),get changed, have breakfast and leave hme. I’m always the first persn____16____(get)t my class. The mrnings are always very busy and the afternns are even____17____(busy)! By arund five ’clck, I usually find time t d my paperwrk and preview the lessns.
【答案】14. takes
15. t wash
16. t get 17. busier
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一天的生活、学习安排。
【14题详解】
考查时态。句意：洗衣服、换衣服、吃早餐和离开家只需要不到15分钟。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，因句子表达的是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时，因主语为单数第三人称，谓语动词使用的单数第三人称形式，故填takes。
【15题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子结构，本句使用了it作形式主语，因此空白处在句子中做主语，使用非谓语动词，因空白处表示的是一个尚未发生的不确定的动作，使用动词不定式，故填t wash。
【16题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我总是第一个到达班上的学生。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语，使用非谓语动词，根据非谓语动词的用法，当名词被序数词修饰，其后使用动词不定式作定语，故填t get。
【17题详解】
考查形容词的比较级。句意：早上总是很忙，下午更忙。根据句意，本句要把The mrnings与the afternns进行比较，空白处应使用形容词的比较级，故填busier。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A piece f stne___18___(find) n a Dutch beach suggests that ur extinct human relatives, knwn as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previusly thught. The Neanderthals___19___（live）alngside human ancestrs in Eurpe fr tens f thusands f years, befre dying ut abut 40, 000 years ag. They were much strnger than mdern humans, but it's lng been assumed that human ancestrs were____20____（smart）than the Neanderthals. Hwever, the stne tl made by Neanderthals suggests therwise.
【答案】18. fund
19. lived/had lived/had been living
20. smarter
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在荷兰海滩上发现的一块石头表明已经灭绝的人类亲戚尼安德特人比我们之前认为的更聪明。
【18题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在荷兰海滩上发现的一块石头表明，我们已经灭绝的人类亲戚尼安德特人比我们之前认为的更聪明。句子的谓语为suggests，设空处在句中作非谓语和逻辑主语之间是逻辑的被动关系。故答案为fund。
【19题详解】
考查动词的时态和语态。句意：尼安德特人与人类祖先一起在欧洲生活了数万年，直到大约4万年前灭绝。设空处在句中作谓语，结合句意，此处是指在灭绝之前一直生活了数万年。设空处的动作发生在灭绝之前，结合时间状语fr tens f thusands f years。故应用过去完成时态或者过去完成进行时态；又因动作发生在过去，强调过去发生的动作，也可用一般过去时。故答案为lived/had lived/had been living。
【20题详解】
考查形容词的比较级。句意：但长期以来，人们一直认为人类祖先比尼安德特人更聪明。设空处前为were设空处应用形容词，设空处后的than表示比较，应用比较级。故答案为smarter。
三.阅读理解(共18分，每小题2分)
A
As any yunger brther will tell yu, having a big brther means a lt f walking in smene else’s shadw, especially when yu have a brther wh is a typical example f “cl”. Fr years I wanted t d everything my elder brther Tysn did, but n matter hw hard I tried, I was always the neglected (被忽略的) ne. My legs just weren’t made t run like his. I culd never play ftball r basketball well.
I prbably wuld have cntinued trying t keep up with him fr the rest f my high schl career, but when my family mved, everything changed. Tysn left fr cllege, s I had t start at a new schl all by myself. This new start gave me an pprtunity t redefine myself and discver an entirely new meaning f “cl”.
I dn’t knw what made me decide t try sme new activities at the new schl, but ne day I chanced t shw up fr an after-schl meeting f the Science Olympiad team. I had always been fascinated with chemistry, bilgy, and math, but since thse interests hadn’t fit Tysn’s definitin f “cl”, I had never pursued them. On this day, fr sme reasn, I did.
As we rganized teams, prepared resurces and practiced answering questins, I felt mre cnnected than I ever had t any sprts team. I didn’t feel as thugh I needed t keep up with anybdy else; I was finally with peers (同伴) wh understd me. It was s gd t feel accepted fr what I’m gd at.
Fr the first time in my life, I actually felt cl. Nw I knw wh I am! I’m Tysn’s little brther, but that’s nly part f my identity. I’m a cl guy in my wn way, t. I’m relieved t knw that “cl” has a much brader definitin than what I used t think.
21. What makes Tysn a typical example f “cl”?
A. He has lng legs and dresses fashinably.B. He pays little attentin t thers.
C. He always shadws his brther.D. He is really gd at sprts.
22. What made the authr feel “cl”?
A. Ging t a new schl all by himself.B. Accepting peers with the same interest.
C. Taking part in activities f a science team.D. Refusing t be identified as Tysn’s brther.
23. What can we learn frm the stry?
A. Never judge a bk by its cver.B. Find yurself and be yurself.
C. Life is full f pssibilities.D. Skill is n burden.
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者一直以哥哥为榜样，模仿哥哥的行为，通过参加科学团队的经历，让作者意识到不应该模仿别人，应该做自己，成为自己想成为的人。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“Fr years I wanted t d everything my elder brther Tysn did, but n matter hw hard I tried, I was always the neglected (被忽略的) ne. My legs just weren’t made t run like his. I culd never play ftball r basketball well.”（多年来，我想做我哥哥泰森做的一切，但无论我多么努力，我总是被忽视的一个。我的腿就是跑得不像他的那么快。我从来都踢不好足球，也打不好篮球。）可知，作者想和哥哥泰森一样“酷”，所以他也参加各种体育运动，但他从来都踢不好足球，也打不好篮球，由此可知，哥哥泰森擅长体育运动，这一点让泰森成为“酷”的典型代表。故选D项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段内容“I dn’t knw what made me decide t try sme new activities at the new schl, but ne day I chanced t shw up fr an after-schl meeting f the Science Olympiad team. I had always been fascinated with chemistry, bilgy, and math, but since thse interests hadn’t fit Tysn’s definitin f “cl”, I had never pursued them. On this day, fr sme reasn, I did.”（我不知道是什么让我决定在新学校尝试一些新的活动，但有一天我碰巧参加了科奥队的课后会议。我一直对化学、生物和数学着迷，但由于这些兴趣不符合泰森对“酷”的定义，所以我从未追求过。在这一天，出于某种原因，我做到了。）和最后一段关键句“Fr the first time in my life, I actually felt cl.”（这是我有生以来第一次确实感到很酷。）可知，作者参加了科奥队，这次经历让作者有生以来第一次感到很酷，由此可知，参加科学团队的活动让作者觉得很“酷”。故选C项。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，结合最后一段关键句“Fr the first time in my life, I actually felt cl. Nw I knw wh I am! I’m Tysn’s little brther, but that’s nly part f my identity. I’m a cl guy in my wn way, t.”（这是我有生以来第一次确实感到很酷。现在我知道我是谁了！我是泰森的弟弟，但那只是我身份的一部分。以我自己的方式，我也是一个很酷的人。）可知，本文讲述了作者一直以哥哥为榜样，模仿哥哥的行为，通过参加科学团队的经历，让作者意识到不应该模仿别人，应该做自己，成为自己想成为的人，由此可推断出，我们可以从这个故事中学到我们应该找到自我，做自己。故选B项。
B
A petry cmpetitin has been launched fr pupils. It invites yung peple t reflect n the “many ways we are cnnected t the universe”. The cmpetitin is aimed at pupils aged 4 t 18 and is part f a natinal celebratin f creativity taking place acrss the UK thrughut 2023.
The winning entries will be featured in a multimedia live prjectin shw, which will visit multiple lcatins arund the UK frm March t May 2023. This utdr shw will include submissins frm the cmpetitin and run fr a week in each lcatin. Winners will als receive a range f ther prizes, including bks and chclate, plus cntinued develpment and caching pprtunities frm the Petry Sciety.
The rules are as fllws:
·The cmpetitin is free t enter. Entries will be accepted frm anywhere in the UK. Entries frm utside the UK are nt accepted. If yu are aged 4 — 12, yur parent will need t give permissin fr yu t enter.
·Yur entry must be the riginal wrk f the creatr. Yur wrk is accepted n the basis that this will be its first appearance anywhere in the wrld.
·Pems must be written in English r Welsh, but yu can include phrases in yur mther tngue r anther language. Pems must nt be lnger than 20 lines. Yu are free t write in any style r frm.
·Yu may enter either nline via the website r by pst t the Petry Sciety, 22 Bettertn Street, Lndn. All nline entries must be received by 23:59 GMT n 19 December 2022. All pems entered by pst must be pst-dated n r befre 19 December 2022.
If yu wuld like t enter nline, please cntinue thrugh the nline system n this website. Email AbutUs@petrysciety. rg if yu are having prblems with yur submissin.
24. What is the theme f the cmpetitin?
A. Natinal celebratin.B. Reflectin n creativity.
C. Yung peple’s talents.D. Cnnectivity t the universe.
25. What will be awarded t the winners?
A. A free tur arund the UK.B. Membership f the Petry Sciety.
C. Bks, chclate and prize mney.D. A chance t present their wrks in a shw.
26. Accrding t the rules, participants .
A. can submit entries by emailB. must write within the line limit
C. may enter their published pemsD. shuld ask parents fr permissin
【答案】24. D 25. D 26. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个诗歌比赛的情况以及参赛规则。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“It invites yung peple t reflect n the “many ways we are cnnected t the universe”.(它邀请年轻人思考“我们与宇宙联系的许多方式”)”可知，比赛的主题是与宇宙的联系。故选D。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The winning entries will be featured in a multimedia live prjectin shw, which will visit multiple lcatins arund the UK frm March t May 2023. (获奖作品将在2023年3月至5月期间在英国多个地方进行多媒体现场投影展示)”可知，获胜者将获得在展览中展示他们作品的机会。故选D。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Pems must nt be lnger than 20 lines.(诗歌不得超过20行)”可知，根据规定，参赛者必须在限定的行内书写。故选B。
C
Laughing tgether is an imprtant way fr peple t cnnect and bnd. And thugh the causes f laughter can vary widely acrss individuals and grups, the sund f a laugh is usually recgnizable between peple belnging t different cultures.
But what abut animals? D they “laugh”? And are the causes f animal and human laughter alike? In humans, peple may laugh when they hear a jke, r when they see smething that they think is funny, thugh it’s unknwn if animals’ intelligence includes what humans wuld call a sense f humr.
Hwever, many animals prduce sunds during play that are unique t that pleasant scial interactin. Researchers cnsider such vcalizatins t be similar t human laughter. Recently, scientists investigated play vcalizatin t see hw cmmn it was amng animals. The team identified 65 species that “laughed” while playing — mst were mammals (哺乳动物), but a few bird species demnstrated playful laughter t. Reprts f playful laughter were ntably absent in studies describing fish, perhaps because there is sme questin as t whether r nt play exists at all in that animal grup. This new study culd help scientists t analyze the rigins f human laughter.
But hw can we identify play? Unlike fighting, play is usually repetitive and happens independently f ther scial behavirs, said lead study authr Sasha Winkler, a dctr f bilgical anthrplgy at the University f Califrnia. When it cmes t identifying it, “yu knw it when yu see it,” Winkler tld Live Science. One sign is that primates — ur clsest relatives — have a “play face” that is similar t the expressins f humans wh are playing.
When Winkler previusly wrked with rhesus macaques, she had nticed that the mnkeys panted (喘气) quietly while playing. Many ther primates are als knwn t vcalize during play, she said, s a hypthesis (laughter in humans is thught t have riginated during play) supprted by the play-related panting laughter f many primate species was put frward.
Peple nw still laugh during play, but we als integrate laughter int language and nn-play behavirs, using laughter in diverse ways t express a range f emtins that may be psitive r negative. Human laughter ntably differs frm ther animals’ laughter in anther imprtant way: its vlume. Peple bradcast their laughter ludly, ften as a way f establishing inclusin. By cmparisn, when mst animals laugh, the sund is very quiet — just lud enugh t be heard by the laugher’s partner.
“It’s really fascinating that s many animals have a similar functin f vcalizatin during play” Winkler tld Live Science. “But we d have these unique parts f human laughter that are als an imprtant area fr future study."
27. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T explain causes f animal and human laughter.
B. T assess cmplexities regarding animal laughter.
C. T present findings n the existence f animal laughter.
D. T analyze differences between animal and human laughter.
28. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. Animal laughter is even nticeable in fish.
B. Animal laughter is hard t recgnize during play.
C. Peple have learned t cmbine play with laughter.
D. Peple laugh ludly because they want t invlve thers.
29. What is prbably the fcus f future study n laughter?
A. Distinctive features f human laughter.
B. Different functins f animal laughter.
C. The rigin and develpment f human laughter.
D. The relatinship between animal laughter and intelligence.
【答案】27. C 28. D 29. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了关于“动物界存在笑声”的相关研究成果。
27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“But what abut animals? D they “laugh”? And are the causes f animal and human laughter alike?(但是动物呢？他们会“笑”吗？动物和人类笑的原因是一样的吗？)”提出的三个问题、第三段中“Recently, scientists investigated play vcalizatin t see hw cmmn it was amng animals. The team identified 65 species that “laughed” while playing — mst were mammals (哺乳动物), but a few bird species demnstrated playful laughter t.(最近，科学家们调查了游戏中的发声，看看它在动物中有多普遍。研究小组确定了65种会在玩耍时“笑”的物种——大多数是哺乳动物，但一些鸟类也会笑)”、第五段中“Many ther primates are als knwn t vcalize during play, she said, s a hypthesis (laughter in humans is thught t have riginated during play) supprted by the play-related panting laughter f many primate species was put frward.(她说，许多其他灵长类动物也会在玩耍时发出声音，因此提出了一种假说(人类的笑声被认为是在玩耍时产生的)，这种假说得到了许多灵长类动物与玩耍有关的喘息笑声的支持)”和最后一段中“‘It’s really fascinating that s many animals have a similar functin f vcalizatin during play,’ Winkler tld Live Science.(温克勒告诉《生活科学》杂志说：“这么多动物在玩耍时都有类似的发声功能，这真的很有趣。”)”中给出的相关答案可知，本文是为了展示“动物界存在笑声”相关研究的成果。故选C项。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六段中“Peple bradcast their laughter ludly, ften as a way f establishing inclusin.(人们大声传播他们的笑声，这通常是作为一种寻求参与者的方式)”可知，人们大声地笑是为了让其它人参与进来。故选D项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But we d have these unique parts f human laughter that are als an imprtant area fr future study.(但我们确实有人类笑声所独有的部分，这也是未来研究的一个重要领域)”可推知，接下来的研究很可能重点关注人类笑声的独特特征。故选A项。
四.七选五 (共10分，每小题2分)
As a dctr, I can give yu a lt f useful advice abut hw t get healthy and stay that way, but yu dn’t need me t tell yu that exercise is gd fr yu. Staying active can benefit the heart, the waistline, even the mind. ____30____ Mre than 60% f American adults dn’t exercise regularly, and many say they dn’t exercise at all. Mre than 72 millin are verweight, and almst all f them wuld like t lse the extra punds. S, if exercise is such a gd idea, why dn’t mre peple d it?
____31____ Even as I write this, I am watching my tw-year-ld run arund in circles. Kids seem t be brn in cnstant mtin, but alng the way that behavir changes.
The slwdwn ccurs fr mst at the beginning f cllege. Academic pressure and lack f rganized sprts are certainly part f the prblem. A bigger part may be lking at life changes as an ccasin t blw up ld rules and nt create new nes in their place. ____32____ The demands f a new jb usually mean less time at the gym. Hw abut a new marriage? Hw many times have we seen just-married cuples lking a lt heavier in first-anniversary phts than they did in the wedding pictures?
____33____ Peple wh set general gals, like “I will exercise in my free time,” did a far wrse jb f sticking t that plan than did peple wh made a firm cmmitment, like “I will walk t my friend’s huse and back every Mnday, Wednesday, and Friday.”
The gd news is, there are slutins t all these. We can begin with exercises as simple as remembering t sit straighter r drink enugh water. Specific wrkut plans can turn a general desire t exercise int a firm cmmitment. ____34____
We may never again have the energy f a tw-year-ld, but getting back even a little f ur early-life energy can make ur later lives a whle lt healthier.
A. Being in cllege is certainly part f the prblem.
B. This is especially s when it cmes t staying fit.
C. Nt having a clearly defined exercise plan can hurt.
D. We ften wish t g back t ur tw-year-ld selves.
E. Fr instance, yu can schedule a weekly gym visit with friends.
F. Still, there’s a real discnnect between what we knw and what we d.
G. The mst puzzling part f ur inactive nature is that we dn’t start ut that way.
【答案】30. F 31. G 32. B 33. C 34. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是人们知道运动有益于健康，而人们却不去运动的原因，并提出了如何去运动的建议。
【30题详解】
根据空前的“Staying active can benefit the heart, the waistline, even the mind.(保持活跃对心脏、腰围、甚至思维都有好处。)”可知，人们知道运动有益健康，根据空后“Mre than 60% f American adults dn’t exercise regularly, and many say they dn’t exercise at all.(超过60%的美国成年人不经常锻炼，许多人说他们根本不锻炼。)”可知，调查结果发现，美国成年人大多数却不怎么运动甚至根本不运动，由此可猜测，此空处应承上启下的作用，G选项“Still, there’s a real discnnect between what we knw and what we d.(尽管如此，我们所知道的和我们所做的之间还是有很大的差距。)”讲述的是人们想的与做的有差距，起到承上启下的作用。故选F项。
【31题详解】
根据空前的“S, if exercise is such a gd idea, why dn’t mre peple d it?(那么，如果运动是一个好主意，为什么不让更多的人去做呢?)”可知，既然运动是好想法，为什么却不去做呢，提出问题，引出下文分析原因，根据空后的“Even as I write this, I am watching my tw-year-ld run arund in circles.(就在我写这篇文章的时候，我正看着我两岁的儿子在原地打转。)”可知，小孩子还是很喜欢运动的，G选项“The mst puzzling part f ur inactive nature is that we dn’t start ut that way.(我们不活跃的天性中最令人费解的部分是，我们一开始并不是这样的。)”讲述的是我们不运动可不是从一开始就这样，与空后内容吻合。故选G项。
【32题详解】
根据空前“A bigger part may be lking at life changes as an ccasin t blw up ld rules and nt create new nes in their place.(更大的一部分可能是把生活的变化看作是一个打破旧规则的机会，而不是创造新的规则。)”可知，很大的原因是人们把改变生活看作打破旧规，而不是创建新规，而根据空后“The demands f a new jb usually mean less time at the gym.(新工作的要求通常意味着在健身房锻炼的时间更少。)”可知，新工作的要求可能意为着更少锻炼的时间，B选项“This is especially s when it cmes t staying fit.(在保持健康方面尤其如此。)”讲述的内容从空前的对改变生活的看法转述到空后的文章谈论的运动与健康的主题中，符合语境。故选B项。
【33题详解】
根据空后的“Peple wh set general gals, like “I will exercise in my free time,” did a far wrse jb f sticking t that plan than did peple wh made a firm cmmitment, like “I will walk t my friend’s huse and back every Mnday, Wednesday, and Friday.”(那些设定一般目标的人，比如“我要在空闲时间锻炼”，在坚持计划方面的表现要比那些做出坚定承诺的人糟糕得多，比如“我每周一、三、五走路去朋友家，然后回家”。)”可知，该段落分析的是人们不运动与没有恰当的运动规划相关，C选项“Nt having a clearly defined exercise plan can hurt.(没有一个明确的锻炼计划会带来伤害。)”讲述的内容概括了本段的主题，内容与空后一致。故选C项。
【34题详解】
根据空前的“Specific wrkut plans can turn a general desire t exercise int a firm cmmitment.(具体的锻炼计划可以把一般的锻炼愿望变成坚定的承诺。)”可知，具体的锻炼计划能把一个锻炼的想法转换为坚定的承诺，分析语篇可知，此空应为具体的做法，E选项“Fr instance, yu can schedule a weekly gym visit with friends.(例如，你可以安排每周和朋友去一次健身房。)”通过举例来说明空前的具体做法，内容与空前一致，逻辑合理。故选E项。
五.阅读回答 (共12分，1题2分，2题2分，3题3分，4题5分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
In the mrnings, as I walked frm the train statin t the ffice, I planned my day by making a t-d list in my head: the scientific articles I wuld read, the data sets I wuld analyze, and-mst urgent f all-the insights int human nature that it was my jb t discver.
Each evening, I went back t the statin, again ging thrugh my mental checklist but this time sizing up my perfrmance against the expectatins I’d set fr myself that mrning. Time and again, when cmparing my t-d list with my gt-dne list, I felt disappinted because I had fallen shrt.
But ne day, smething very strange happened. During my trip hme, withut any cnscius intent, my thughts began t shift. Instead f feeling bad abut my weaknesses, I said alud very sftly: I’m a nice persn. I’m a nice persn. I’m a nice persn.
By the time I barded my train, I was dne with my little chant-until the next day when I walked hme. And again, after cunting my failures, I fund myself saying quietly: I’m a nice persn.
It turns ut that there’s a technical term fr this practice: values affirmatin. And what it bils dwn t is recgnizing, and strengthening, the persnal values yu hld mst dear.
When yu affirm a cre persnal value, yu shre up yur sense f self-wrth. Yu braden yur utlk: Instead f fcusing n yur shrtfalls, yu switch t a wide-angle view that includes yur resurces and pprtunities. And the peple wh d this are happier, healthier, and mre hpeful.
Over time, I made prgress in my research and learned a lt abut what makes mst successful peple special, including this: Nbdy has passin and determinatin unless what they d lines up with their values.
Try values affirmatin fr yurself and teach the practice t yur students. Take a mment and think f a value yu hld dear, whether it’s kindness, creativity, r gratitude. Whatever it is, name it. And then say t yurself: Cme what may, I knw wh I am. Yur values are yur fundatin and yur cmpass, t. Trust them, and they will lead yu hme.
35. Hw did the authr feel when she cmpared her t-d list with her gt-dne list?
___________________________________________________________________________
36. What is values affirmatin?
___________________________________________________________________________
37. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Peple wh recgnize their shrtfalls are happier, healthier, and mre
___________________________________________________________________________
38. Apart frm speaking ut psitive wrds, what else culd yu d t feel better abut yurself? (In abut 40 wrds)
___________________________________________________________________________
【答案】35. She felt disappinted.
36. It is recgnizing and strengthening the persnal values yu hld mst dear.
37. Peple wh recgnize their shrtfalls are happier, healthier, and mre hpeful.
Peple wh switch t a wide-angle view that includes their resurces and pprtunities, instead f fcusing n their shrtfalls, are happier, healthier, and mre hpeful.
38. Apart frm speaking ut psitive wrds, There are smething else I culd d t feel better abut myself, fr example, be with the peple wh ften praise me fr my utlk, my behaviur and my characters and achieve the gal set befre n time, because they will make me becme cnfident abut myself.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者从自身经历出发。论述了肯定自我的重要性。
【35题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“Time and again, when cmparing my t-d list with my gt-dne list, I felt disappinted because I had fallen shrt.(一次又一次，当我把我的待办事项清单和我的已完成事项清单进行比较时，我感到失望，因为我没有达到目标)”可知，当作者将她的待办事项清单与已完成事项清单进行比较时，她感到很失望。故答案为She felt disappinted.
【36题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章第五段“It turns ut that there’s a technical term fr this practice: values affirmatin. And what it bils dwn t is recgnizing, and strengthening, the persnal values yu hld mst dear.(事实证明，这种做法有一个专业术语：价值观肯定。归根结底，就是认识并加强你最珍视的个人价值观)”可知，价值观的肯定是指是认识到并加强你最珍视的个人价值观。故答案为It is recgnizing and strengthening the persnal values yu hld mst dear.
【37题详解】
考查推理判断。根据文章第六段“When yu affirm a cre persnal value, yu shre up yur sense f self-wrth. Yu braden yur utlk: Instead f fcusing n yur shrtfalls, yu switch t a wide-angle view that includes yur resurces and pprtunities. And the peple wh d this are happier, healthier, and mre hpeful.(当你肯定一个核心的个人价值时，你就支撑了你的自我价值感。你开阔了视野：你不再只关注自己的缺点，而是从更广阔的角度看待自己的资源和机会。这样做的人更快乐，更健康，更有希望)”可知，当人们不再关注自己的不足的时候才会感到更快乐，更健康，更有希望。故答案为Peple wh recgnize their shrtfalls are happier, healthier, and mre hpeful. Peple wh switch t a wide-angle view that includes their resurces and pprtunities, instead f fcusing n their shrtfalls, are happier, healthier, and mre hpeful.
【38题详解】
开放性试题。本题主要让介绍自己感觉自己更好的方法，可以从很多角度答题，符合常理即可。如经常听到别人的赞美，按时达成目标等都能使人从内到外散发自信。故答案为Apart frm speaking ut psitive wrds, There are smething else I culd d t feel better abut myself, fr example, be with the peple wh ften praise me fr my utlk, my behaviur and my characters and achieve the gal set befre n time, because they will make me becme cnfident abut myself.
六.作文(20分)
39. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你刚开始新的高中生活。请你用英文给你的外国朋友Jim写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1.新高中生活的感受；2.现在和以前的不同之处；3.你对三年高中生活的打算。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
Hw is everything ging?
I’m a new senir secndary schl student. It is the start f a new chapter in my life. My new schl life is very exciting. I feel excited because this schl differs in many ways frm my previus ne. Previusly, we had fixed classrms where students all sat in rws. In my new schl, we dn’t have fixed classrms. Students sit arund in grups and we ften have grup discussins and share ur ideas r check ur wrk tgether. What is als very different is that students in the same class can have different class schedules. That means we g t different classrms fr different subjects f ur wn chices.
In the next three years, I hpe I will learn many new things. I als hpe I will develp cnfidence in speaking English and develp cmpetence in a variety f new skills.
All in all, I hpe t have a happier, mre fruitful and satisfying life in my new schl. Wuld yu like t intrduce yur schl life t me? I’m lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求你用英文给你的外国朋友Jim写一封电子邮件，因为你刚开始新的高中生活，分享你的高中生活、感受以及打算。
【详解】1.词汇积累
开始：start→beginning/threshld/pening
选择：chice→selectin/ptin
提高：imprve→enhance/bst/raise
各种各样的：a variety f→varius
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Students sit arund in grups and we ften have grup discussins and share ur ideas r check ur wrk tgether.
拓展句：Sitting arund in grups, we ften have grup discussins and share ur ideas r check ur wrk tgether.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Previusly, we had fixed classrms where students all sat in rws. (运用了where引导的限制性定语从句。)
【高分句型2】What is als very different is that students in the same class can have different class schedules. (运用了what引导的主语从句以及that引导的表语从句。)
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