广东省深圳市红山中学2024-2025学年高三上学期二模考试英语试题

这是一份广东省深圳市红山中学2024-2025学年高三上学期二模考试英语试题，共24页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，完形填空，语法填空，书信写作，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
Culinary herbs are fragrant plants which are fit t eat and used in small amunts t add favr t dishes. Mst herbs are fund in fd and als have medicinal uses. There are fur herbs fr yu.
1．Which f the fllwing statement abut Curry leaves is true?
A．They are nly native t Sri Lanka.B．They enjy great ppularity amng Westerners.
C．They smell pleasant, like fried nuts.D．They play an imprtant rle in Suth Indian cuisine.
2．Which herbs can be used bth in tea drinks and stir- fries?
A．Mint and Basil.B．Basil and Shis.
C．Curry leaves and Basil.D．Mint and Shis.
3．Where is the text prbably taken frm?
A．A bilgy textbk.B．An academic paper.
C．A btanical magazine.D．A cmmercial pster.
Fr sme f us, ging t the dentist fr rutine check-ups is a thing f the rdinary. But fr many peple arund the wrld, especially thse in impverished (贫困的) areas, having dental imprvement and their teeth checked simply isn’t pssible. A Brazilian dentist Felipe Rssi has devted himself t helping changing that situatin.
Grwing up in USA, Felipe Rssi had just btained the Bachelr f Medicine Degree and was abut t start a master’s degree in Pediatric Dentistry (儿童口腔学) when a jurney t his father’s hme — Balsab in Brazil — cnverted his initial plan. “All lcals didn’t have access t dental care, and cnsequently, many f them suffered defrmed teeth r even lss f teeth, leading t many peple nt daring t laugh with muth pen.” Felipe Rssi recalled. “A desire was planted in my heart. That is, t use my skills t bring healthy smiles t peple suffering frm dental prblems.”
With the supprt f his parents, Felipe frmed an NGO (nn-gvernment rganizatin) called Prsrris t give free ral treatments t individuals with lw incmes wh require cleaning. fillings, crwns, restratin wrk and mre. His team is cmpsed f apprximately 30 registered vlunteers wh g with him t pr twns and villages in Brazil.
Spnsrship is generally prvided by tw private cmpanies. Individuals may als make dnatins thrugh the ‘Smile Slidarity’ prgram, where they can chse mnthly amunts t cntribute. Prsrris als hlds regular fundraisers t affrd the cst f prviding free dental services arund the cuntry.
As nble as its bjective is, Felipe admits that Prsrris is “struggling t survive” because f the huge cst f prviding dental wrk and the cnstant fundraising events they have t hld t keep the NGO in nrmal functining. “Challenging as it is, it did bring healthy teeth as well as renewed cnfidence t the lcals. We will cntinue this transfrmative act whatever difficulties we will face”. Felipe said with a strng will.
4．Hw des the authr intrduce the tpic f the text?
A．By psing a cntrast.
B．By reprting an event.
C．By assuming a situatin.
D．By making an appeal.
5．What mtivated Felipe t ffer dental treatments t Brazilians?
A．The supprt frm his parents.
B．The passin fr dental health.
C．The encunter with lcal s lacking dental care.
D．The prfessinal skills and knwledge frm cllege.
6．Which f the fllwing can best describe Felipe Rssi?
A．Hpeful and diligent.
B．Faithful and ambitius.
C．Intelligent and creative.
D．Charitable and dedicated.
7．What d we knw abut Prsrris?
A．It gives free ral treatments t anyne in need.
B．It is cperated by Felipe Rssi and the lcal authrity.
C．It is financially supprted by crpratins and individuals.
D．It hlds regular fundraisers t educate peple abut dental care.
Lrd Nrman Fster, renwned as ne f the wrld’s fremst architects, has devted decades t redefining the cncept f tall buildings. “What we’ve dne is create a sense f identify draw n frm real needs,” Fster said. “It’s nt a fashinable idea, but generated frm the realities we were in.” His masterpiece includes icnic structures such as the HSBC building in Hng Kng. Nw, he’s set his sights n Qatar.
Currently nearing cmpletin and set t reach a height f 301 meters, Fster’s Lusail Twers are ready t claim the title f Oatar’s tallest buildings. Lusail Twers are intended t serve as a center fr Oatar’s financial institutins, with fur distinctive blcks, tw standing at 70 stries and tw at 50 stries.
But the cnstructin itself wasn’t all plain sailing. T address the unique challenges presented by Oatar’s ht climate, Fster’s team had t depart frm the materials cmmnly used in skyscrapers in cler cuntries—— part f what Fster called a decades- lng quest t “reinvent the tall building.” The design cmbines advanced shading with ventilatin (通风), while the twers’ surfaces are cated with “marine- grade” aluminum (铝) that wraps arund the buildings, prtecting the glass frm strng sunlight while maintaining the views and still letting in natural light. Central t the prject are special shading fins (鳍), which nt nly ptimize views and natural lighting fr ccupants but reduce slar radiatin by 70% cmpared t traditinal all- glass twers.
While the twers are ready t becme a recgnizable landmark fr Lusail, Fster believes that a city’s skyline reflects what lies beneath the surface. It was crucial t integrate the twers int a “lw- scale master plan.” They are strategically psitined n tp f a subway line and at the end f a cmmercial avenue linking the waterfrnt t the nearby ftball stadium. Accrding t Fster, the grund features f the plaza will play a significant rle in the bjective f transfrming the area int a lively public space fr the future.
8．Accrding t Fster’s cncept, what shuld tall buildings be like?
A．Creative.B．Identical.
C．Fashinable.D．Practical.
9．What can we learn abut the Lusail Twers?
A．They will functin as a glbal financial center.
B．They are expected t be Qartar’s tallest building.
C．They are Fster’s mst renwned icnic masterpiece.
D．They have fur blcks with the same style and height.
10．What was the slutin t the challenges caused by Qatar’s ht climate?
A．Replacing the glass with “marine-grade” aluminum.
B．Cating the twer with an uncnventinal material.
C．Reducing the views and natural lighting with shading fins.
D．Prtecting the glass frm natural light and slar radiatin.
11．What’s the gal f “lw- scale master plan”?
A．T link the waterfrnt t the ftball stadium.
B．T create a remarkable plaza fr the citizens.
C．T ffer a dynamic public space fr the future.
D．T cnnect a subway and a cmmercial avenue.
The develpment f bigger brains has lng been cnsidered a characteristic f ur species’ increased intelligence and subsequent dminance (主宰) n this planet. The last tw millin years f ur evlutin were marked by a nearly furfld (四倍的) increase in brain vlume. But a grwing bdy f evidence suggests ur brains recently changed in an unexpected way: They diminished in size smetime fllwing the end f the last Ice Age.
The precise timing f that pst-Ice Age brain shrink has remained a mystery until nw. A grup f researchers led by DeSilva used a mixture f fssil and mdern sample data t cnfirm that this lss f gray matter happened between 3,000 t 5,000 years ag, accrding t research published in June in the jurnal Frntiers in Eclgy and Evlutin. DeSilva’s grup calculated that human brains had remained rughly the same size in average vlume, abut 1,450 cubic centimeters, fr rughly the past 150,000 years. That average rapidly drpped by arund 10%, r up t 150 cubic centimeters, ver the curse f the last few millennia.
DeSilva’s grup fund that nt nly did the human brain size shrink in general, but als it decreased relative t ur bdy size, suggesting that brain size reductin isn’t just a byprduct f ur shrinking bdies.
Many anthrplgists had explained the changes cincided with the appearance f agricultural practices arund 10,000 years ag, and a glbal shift away frm hunting and gathering. DeSilva’s grup pint t bming eras fr ancient civilizatins in Nrth Africa, the Middle East and Suth America — cmplex scieties that they think may have played a rle in the shrinkage.
The researchers suggested that perhaps ur need t maintain a large brain t keep track f infrmatin abut fd, scial relatinships, and ur envirnment has als relaxed in the past few millennia because we culd stre infrmatin externally in ther members f ur scial circles and grups. That trend is likely strengthened by ur use f bks, persnal devices and the Internet.
“Like, cmputers used t be the size f a rm, and nw they fit in yur pcket, s it is imprtant nt t relate brain size t smarts.” DeSilva said.
12．What can be knwn abut the human brain size?
A．Our brain vlume has been keeping increasing.
B．The size f human brain has drpped t 150 cubic centimeters.
C．Until nw, the accurate timing f brain shrink is n lnger mysterius.
D．Fssils and sample data are used t figure ut the exact brain shrink perid.
13．Which is nt the reasn fr brain shrinkage?
A．Appearance f agriculture.B．Decreased bdy size.
C．Develped human sciety.D．Imprved brain mechanism.
14．What is DeSilva and his grup’s view n the reductin f human brain size?
A．A smaller human brain is less smarter.
B．The reductin f human brain size is just a cincidence.
C．It is a result f brain’s adjustment t scial develpment.
D．The shrinkage f human brain relaxed us the need t stre infrmatin.
15．What is the main idea f the passage?
A．Reasns fr a smarter brain.B．Brain’s mysteries t be revealed.
C．The precise timing f brain shrink.D．Brain sizes changing circumstantially.
Shrt-frm vides, als knwn as Shrts, have gained great ppularity, particularly n platfrms like TikTk and Instagram Reels. 16 Hwever, there’s a grwing cncern that watching t many Shrts can affect children’s brains.
The phenmenn knwn as “TikTk Brain” arises frm the app’s shrt and addictive vides. Similar t candy, these vides generate rapid dpamine (多巴胺) releases, stimulating the brain’s pleasure center. A study was cnducted t investigate the impact f Shrts n the teenage brains. 17 They stimulated the brain’s reward centers mre intensely than randm vides.
Our brains prcess visual infrmatin faster than text, which explains why vides tend t utperfrm text-based cntent nline. Due t their underdevelped reading skills, children are mre easily t becme addicted t visual stimuli. Remarkably, scial media platfrms can d a lt harm t the develpment f reading habits amng yunger users. 18
Accrding t Jessica Griffin, a prfessr f child psychlgy, Shrts affect the develping brains f children and teenagers. The prefrntal crtex (前额叶皮质) is respnsible fr attentin, self-cntrl, memry, and learning flexibility. 19 This delayed develpment makes yung individuals mre easily influenced by Shrts.
In cnclusin, the cnstant expsure t fast-paced and stimulating cntent in Shrts can impact children’s attentin. T address this issue, parents can have pen cnversatins with their children abut the ptential risks. 20 Furthermre, encuraging physical activities and utdr experiences is als crucial t develp a balance d lifestyle.
A．Sme even d nt include text at all.
B．TikTk’s feed is created addictive by design.
C．But it des nt fully mature until arund the age f 25.
D．It is helpful t use screen time management tls fr Shrts.
E．Shrt-term memry and the ability t cncentrate are affected.
F．It revealed that these vides are persnalized, selected and fed t users.
G．They’re brief attentin-grabbing vides that can be entertaining and addictive.
二、完形填空
My little niece was wandering thrugh the garden in her hme. Her father cllected rare and precius plants, which he 21 with great care.
My niece was 22 by a plant full f blming flwers. She apprached it and admired its unique beauty. Suddenly she 23 that the plant was in a pile f filth(污秽). She culd nt put up with the 24 f dirt with such fantastic flwers.
She figured ut a plan t clean the plant. She 25 the plant with all her might frm the dirt and washed its 26 in running tap water till all traces f dirt were washed away. She then placed the plant n a clean stne and went away, prud that she had dne a great 27 .
Later her father came t the garden and nticed the uprted plant, which had lain 28 in the baking sun. His little daughter ran ver t 29 her achievement. “I have cleaned it, Daddy,” she reprted 30 .
The father shwed her hw her treatment had nearly killed the plant and tld her that the filthy sil prvided the best 31 t grw that plant. On hearing that, the girl felt guilty that the plant had suffered by her cleaning.
A great gardener mixes the 32 sil fr each plant. 33 , Gd prvides each f us with the best 34 required fr ptimum (最佳) spiritual grwth. But it may appear t be 35 and we may even cmplain t Gd abut ur difficulty.
21．A．attended tB．brught upC．lked utD．fed n
22．A．caughtB．attackedC．attractedD．shcked
23．A．recalledB．recgnizedC．nticedD．cncluded
24．A．shrtageB．presenceC．presentatinD．cmpsitin
25．A．pulledB．pickedC．heldD．pushed
26．A．flwersB．rtsC．leavesD．branches
27．A．prjectB．dealC．peratinD．deed
28．A．bilingB．bathingC．breathingD．dying
29．A．cnfirmB．checkC．exhibitD．assess
30．A．happilyB．cldlyC．fearfullyD．patiently
31．A．shelterB．medicineC．agencyD．medium
32．A．sameB．rightC．dirtyD．lse
33．A．MreverB．SimilarlyC．RatherD．Nevertheless
34．A．envirnmentB．styleC．neighbrhdD．pprtunity
35．A．invisibleB．disrganizedC．imprperD．unpleasant
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As the ppularity f traditinal hanfu clthing rises,mre yung entrepreneurs are embracing the pprtunity 36 (intrduce)this cultural heritage t a wider audience.
Yang Ting, 37 95s-bm entrepreneur (创业者)and her friend QiQi, 38 used t wrk as teachers,embarked n a new jurney by pening a hanfu dressing and makeup butique (时装精品小店)in the busy pedestrian street f the Grand Tang Dynasty Ever Bright City in Xi’an.
Yang explained that the prcess f dressing up in hanfu and having makeup dne is nt 39 (cmplicate). It begins with selecting the desired style f clthing, fllwed by 40 (cnsult)with makeup artists fr the perfect lk,which typically takes abut an hur.
Since its pening in March 2023, their butique 41 (becme)a ht spt, attracting hundreds f visitrs 42 (day). The visitrs, wh gather t experience the charm f dressing up in ancient hanfu clthes, 43 (be)nt nly frm different parts f China but als frm cuntries such as Suth Krea, Japan, Russia, Nigeria, and Brazil.
Despite facing challenges in the early stages due t their lack 44 experience in peratins.Yang and her c-partner kept n,gradually 45 (expand)their business.
Tday,their hanfu dressing and makeup butique has expanded 1 tw stres,basting a cllectin f nearly a thusand utfits.(Adapted frm CHINADAJLY2024/04/11)
四、书信写作
46．假定你是李华，上个月你们班在井冈山进行了五天的研学活动。请你给美国朋友 Simn 写一封邮件分享这次研学之旅，内容包括：
1.研学经历和见闻；
2.你的感想。
参考词汇：研学 learning trip
注意：
1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Simn,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
D yu have similar experience? Lking frward t yur stry.
Best regards,
Li Hua
五、书面表达
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“N, little girl. Yu can’t get in withut the mney.” Jeffrey, the bus driver, tld a little girl wh wanted t get n the bus but nly had a few pennies. She must have been arund seven years ld, and he wasn’t in the md t deal with unaccmpanied children that day.
“Please, sir. I want t visit my grandmther,” the little girl begged. “Then g ask yur parents fr the mney and cme back next time,” Jeffrey replied and gestured with his hand fr the girl t get ut. She finally left the bus with her shulders lwered. Jeffrey saw her sit dwn at the bus stp and drve ff.
He finished his rute and went hme fr the lunch, greeting his wife, Greta, and sitting dwn n the cuch t rest. When he brwsed his Facebk psts, an image caught his attentin. A picture was shared f the little girl he had just turned away a few hurs earlier. The wrd “Missing” was written n tp f the image. He learned that the girl had disappeared a day ag, and her parents were desperately trying t find her.
“Dear! What have I dne?” he asked himself, standing up and ging t the frnt dr. When Greta asked where he was ging, Jeffrey said, “Greta! Quick! Call 911 and this number,” shwing her the picture f the girl. “I saw this girl at a bus stp earlier, and I turned her away because she didn’t have enugh mney. I’m ging t find her, but please make thse calls.” Having tld her where the bus stp was, he went ut.
Jeffrey rushed t his car, speeding t the bus stp. Hpefully, the girl was smart enugh t stay in ne place. He culdn’t believe hw careless he had been earlier. She was a little girl all alne. As he drve t the bus stp, Jeffrey vwed t be mre careful in the future, especially when it came t children.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Finally, Jeffrey saw a tiny figure sitting n the bench at the spt.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A few minutes later, the plice and anther car apprached.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
·Curry leaves
The curry tree is native t India and Sri Lanka The leaves are dark green and shiny, releasing a pleasant nut- like scent when they are fried in il. They are a main cmpnent f Suth Indian cuisine, used in the same way as bay leaves are in Western cuisines.
·ShisShis is a Japanese herb with a unique flavr, whse green leaves are ften used as a garnish（装饰） fr traditinal Japanese dishes. Whether red r green, it can be used in varius ther ways: mixed int salads, put int green tea, r added t stir- fries.
·BasilBasil has shiny, deep green, pinted leaves and a sweet- and- savry flavr, which is used in bth fresh and dried frms t flavr dishes ranging frm Italian sauces t meat dishes t Asian curries. When cking, add it twards the end t maintain flavr.
·MintMint has a delicately sweet flavr and creates a distinct cling feeling due t the menthl（薄荷醇） in the herb. Used fr cking and a variety f medicinal purpses, mint has sft, bright green leaves that are cmmnly used in drinks like mint tea, as well as dishes like Vietnamese and Thai stir- fries While dried mint is used in tea making, fresh mint is the preferred frm f the herb fr cking.
参考答案：
1．D 2．D 3．C
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四种可用于食物和药物的烹饪香草。
1．细节理解题。根据“Curry leaves”所在段落中“They are a main cmpnent f Suth Indian cuisine, used in the same way as bay leaves are in Western cuisines.”（它们是南印度菜肴的主要成分，其使用方法与月桂叶在西方菜肴中的使用方法相同。）可知它们在南印度菜肴中起到很大的作用。故选D项。
2．细节理解题。根据“Shis”所在段落中“Whether red r green, it can be used in varius ther ways: mixed int salads, put int green tea, r added t stir-fries.”（无论是红叶还是绿叶，它都有多种用途：拌沙拉、泡绿茶或添加到炒菜中。）以及“Mint”所在段落中“Used fr cking and a variety f medicinal purpses, mint has sft, bright green leaves that are cmmnly used in drinks like mint tea, as well as dishes like Vietnamese and Thai stir-fries.”（薄荷叶柔软翠绿，可用于烹饪和多种药用目的，常用于薄荷茶等饮品以及越南和泰国炒菜等菜肴。）可知Mint和Shis都可以用于茶饮和炒菜。故选D项。
3．文章出处题。根据第一段“Culinary herbs are fragrant plants which are fit t eat and used in smll amunts t add favr t dishes. Mst herbs are fund in fd and als have medicinal uses. There are fur herbs fr yu.”（烹饪香草是一种芳香植物，适合食用，少量使用可为菜肴增添美味。大多数草药都可以在食物中找到，同时也有药用价值。下面为你介绍四种草药。）可知文章介绍了几种香草的特点和用途，因此内容适合出现在植物杂志中。故选C项。
4．A 5．C 6．D 7．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了巴西牙医Felipe Rssi创建了非政府组织Prsrris，致力于为贫困地区的低收入人群提供免费的口腔治疗服务。尽管面临资金和运营挑战，Rssi及其团队仍坚持帮助需要的人，传递健康微笑，增强当地民众的自信。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段“Fr sme f us, ging t the dentist fr rutine check-ups is a thing f the rdinary. But fr many peple arund the wrld, especially thse in impverished (贫困的) areas, having dental imprvement and their teeth checked simply isn’t pssible. A Brazilian dentist Felipe Rssi has devted himself t helping changing that situatin.(对我们中的一些人来说，去牙医那里做例行检查是一件很平常的事情。但对世界上许多人来说，尤其是那些生活在贫困地区的人来说，改善牙齿和检查牙齿根本是不可能的。巴西牙医费利佩·罗西致力于帮助改变这种状况)”可知，文章开头通过对比一些人定期去牙医处进行常规检查，而世界上很多人尤其是贫困地区的人们无法进行牙科治疗和牙齿检查的情况，引出了文章的主题，即巴西牙医Felip e Rssi致力于帮助改变这种情况。因此，作者通过提出对比来引入文章的主题。故选A项。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段““All lcals didn’t have access t dental care, and cnsequently, many f them suffered defrmed teeth r even lss f teeth, leading t many peple nt daring t laugh with muth pen.” Felipe Rssi recalled. “A desire was planted in my heart. That is, t use my skills t bring healthy smiles t peple suffering frm dental prblems.”(‘并不是所有的当地人都能得到牙科护理，因此，很多人的牙齿都变形了，甚至掉了牙，导致很多人不敢张嘴笑。’Felipe Rssi回忆道。‘一种渴望在我心中扎根。也就是说，用我的技能给患有牙病的人带来健康的微笑。’)”可知，Felipe Rssi在巴西的Balsab地区看到当地人没有机会接受牙科治疗，很多人因此牙齿变形或甚至失去牙齿，这激发了他提供牙科治疗的决心；由此可知，是当地人缺乏牙科护理的情况促使Felipe为巴西人提供牙科治疗。故选C项。
6．推理判断题。根据第二段““All lcals didn’t have access t dental care, and cnsequently, many f them suffered defrmed teeth r even lss f teeth, leading t many peple nt daring t laugh with muth pen.” Felipe Rssi recalled. “A desire was planted in my heart. That is, t use my skills t bring healthy smiles t peple suffering frm dental prblems.”(‘并不是所有的当地人都能得到牙科护理，因此，很多人的牙齿都变形了，甚至掉了牙，导致很多人不敢张嘴笑。’Felipe Rssi回忆道。‘一种渴望在我心中扎根。也就是说，用我的技能给患有牙病的人带来健康的微笑。’)”可知，Felipe Rssi想要利用自己的技能为遭受牙科问题的人们带来健康的笑容，这表明他具有慈善精神。在最后一段中“As nble as its bjective is, Felipe admits that Prsrris is “struggling t survive” because f the huge cst f prviding dental wrk and the cnstant fundraising events they have t hld t keep the NGO in nrmal functining. “Challenging as it is, it did bring healthy teeth as well as renewed cnfidence t the lcals. We will cntinue this transfrmative act whatever difficulties we will face”. Felipe said with a strng will.(尽管目标崇高，Felipe承认Prsrris正在‘挣扎着生存’，因为提供牙科治疗的巨大成本和他们必须举行的持续筹款活动以保持非政府组织的正常运作。‘虽然这很有挑战性，但它确实给当地人带来了健康的牙齿，并重新树立了信心。无论我们面临什么困难，我们都将继续这一变革行动。’斐利贝带着强烈的意志说)”可知，他承认Prsrris的生存很困难，但他们将继续进行这项改变性的行动，无论他们将面临什么困难，这表明他具有奉献精神。故选D项。
7．细节理解题。根据第四段“Spnsrship is generally prvided by tw private cmpanies. Individuals may als make dnatins thrugh the ‘Smile Slidarity’ prgram, where they can chse mnthly amunts t cntribute. Prsrris als hlds regular fundraisers t affrd the cst f prviding free dental services arund the cuntry.(赞助通常由两家私人公司提供。个人也可以通过‘微笑团结’计划捐款，他们可以选择每月的捐款数额。Prsrris还定期举行筹款活动，为全国各地提供免费牙科服务)”可知，Prsrris是由企业和个人提供经济支持。故选C项。
8．D 9．B 10．B 11．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了建筑师Lrd Nrman Fster和他设计的卡塔尔Lusail Twers的背景和特点。
8．细节理解题。根据第一段中““What we’ve dne is create a sense f identify draw n frm real needs,” Fster said. “It’s nt a fashinable idea, but generated frm the realities we were in.”(“我们所做的是创造一种来自真实需求的认同感，”Fster说。“这不是一个时髦的想法，而是来自我们所处的现实。”)”可知，根据Fster的概念，高层建筑应该是实用的。故选D。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Currently nearing cmpletin and set t reach a height f 301 meters, Fster’s Lusail Twers are ready t claim the title f Oatar’s tallest buildings.(Fster设计的Lusail Twers目前接近完工，预计将达到301米的高度，有望成为卡塔尔最高建筑。)”可知，Lusail Twers有望成为卡塔尔最高的建筑，故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The design cmbines advanced shading with ventilatin (通风), while the twers’ surfaces are cated with “marine- grade” aluminum (铝) that wraps arund the buildings, prtecting the glass frm strng sunlight while maintaining the views and still letting in natural light.(该设计结合了先进的遮阳和通风，而塔楼的表面涂有“海洋级”铝，包裹着建筑物，保护玻璃免受强烈的阳光照射，同时保持视野，仍然让自然光进入。)”可知，给塔涂上一层非常规材料可以解决卡塔尔炎热气候带来的挑战。故选B。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Accrding t Fster, the grund features f the plaza will play a significant rle in the bjective f transfrming the area int a lively public space fr the future.(根据Fster的说法，广场的地面特征将在将该地区转变为未来充满活力的公共空间的目标中发挥重要作用。)”可知，小规模总体规划的目标是为未来提供一个充满活力的公共空间，故选C。
12．D 13．B 14．C 15．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于人类大脑大小随着环境变化的研究以及背后的原因。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段“A grup f researchers led by DeSilva used a mixture f fssil and mdern sample data t cnfirm that this lss f gray matter happened between 3,000 t 5,000 years ag, accrding t research published in June in the jurnal Frntiers in Eclgy and Evlutin.(根据6月份发表在《生态与进化前沿》杂志上的一项研究，由德西尔瓦领导的一组研究人员使用化石和现代样本数据的混合来证实，这种灰质的丧失发生在3000到5000年前)”可知，化石和样本数据被用来计算确切的脑萎缩时期。故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Many anthrplgists had explained the changes cincided with the appearance f agricultural practices arund 10,000 years ag, and a glbal shift away frm hunting and gathering.(许多人类学家解释说，这些变化与大约1万年前农业活动的出现以及全球从狩猎和采集的转变相吻合)”以及倒数第二段“The researchers suggested that perhaps ur need t maintain a large brain t keep track f infrmatin abut fd, scial relatinships, and ur envirnment has als relaxed in the past few millennia because we culd stre infrmatin externally in ther members f ur scial circles and grups. That trend is likely strengthened by ur use f bks, persnal devices and the Internet.(研究人员认为，也许在过去的几千年里，我们需要保持一个大的大脑来记录有关食物、社会关系和我们的环境的信息，因为我们可以将信息存储在我们社交圈和群体的其他成员身上。我们对书籍、个人设备和互联网的使用可能会加强这一趋势)”可知，体型减小不是大脑萎缩的原因。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“DeSilva’s grup pint t bming eras fr ancient civilizatins in Nrth Africa, the Middle East and Suth America — cmplex scieties that they think may have played a rle in the shrinkage.(DeSilva的研究小组指出，北非、中东和南美古代文明的繁荣时期，他们认为这些复杂的社会可能在缩小中发挥了作用)”可知，DeSilva和他的团队认为人类大脑体积缩小是大脑适应社会发展的结果。故选C。
15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The last tw millin years f ur evlutin were marked by a nearly furfld (四倍的) increase in brain vlume. But a grwing bdy f evidence suggests ur brains recently changed in an unexpected way: They diminished in size smetime fllwing the end f the last Ice Age.(在过去200万年的进化中，我们的脑容量增加了近四倍。但越来越多的证据表明，我们的大脑最近以一种意想不到的方式发生了变化：在上一个冰河时代结束后的某个时候，它们的体积缩小了)”结合文章主要介绍了关于人类大脑大小随着环境变化的研究以及背后的原因。可知，这篇文章的主旨是大脑大小随环境变化。故选D。
16．G 17．F 18．E 19．C 20．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了短视频对儿童和青少年大脑发展的影响。
16．根据下文“Hwever, there’s a grwing cncern that watching t many Shrts can affect children’s brains.(然而，越来越多的人担心看太多短片会影响孩子的大脑)”中“Hwever”可知，上下文有转折关系，下文讲短视频的问题：会影响孩子的大脑”，G项“They’re brief attentin-grabbing vides that can be entertaining and addictive.(它们是简短的引人注目的视频，可以使人愉快和入迷)”讲短视频的魅力，与下文构成转折关系。故选G项。
17．上文“A study was cnducted t investigate the impact f Shrts n the teenage brains.(一项研究调查了短视频对青少年大脑的影响)”提到一个关于短视频对青少年大脑的影响的研究，F项“It revealed that these vides are persnalized, selected and fed t users.(它揭示这些视频是个性化的，经过挑选并提供给用户的)”承接上文，说明研究的结果，句中“It”指代上文“A study”，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
18．上文“Remarkably, scial media platfrms can d a lt harm t the develpment f reading habits amng yunger users.(值得注意的是，社交媒体平台可能会对年轻用户阅读习惯的养成造成很大伤害)”指出社交媒体平台对阅读习惯的养成的影响，E项“Shrt-term memry and the ability t cncentrate are affected.(短期记忆和集中注意力的能力都会受到影响)”承接上文，说明其具体影响：影响短期记忆和集中注意力的能力，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
19．下文“This delayed develpment makes yung individuals mre easily influenced by Shrts.(这种延迟发育使年轻人更容易受到shrt的影响)”中提到“This delayed develpment”，根据指代关系，上文会明确其指代的具体内容，C项“But it des nt fully mature until arund the age f 25.(但它要到25岁左右才能完全成熟)”和上文“The prefrntal crtex (前额叶皮质) is respnsible fr attentin, self-cntrl, memry, and learning flexibility.(前额叶皮层负责注意力、自我控制、记忆和学习灵活性)”告知，下文的“延迟发育”指的是“前额叶皮层的延迟发育”。故选C项。
20．上文“T address this issue, parents can have pen cnversatins with their children abut the ptential risks.(为了解决这个问题，父母可以和他们的孩子就潜在的风险进行开诚布公的交流)”提出解决问题的一个办法：父母和孩子进行交流。D项“It is helpful t use screen time management tls fr Shrts.(使用屏幕时间管理工具是很有帮助的)”给出另一个办法，建议使用屏幕时间管理工具。下文“Furthermre, encuraging physical activities and utdr experiences is als crucial t develp a balance d lifestyle.(此外，鼓励体育活动和户外活动对于发展平衡的生活方式也至关重要)”提出第三个建议：鼓励体育活动和户外活动。所以，D项与上下文构成并列关系，就如果解决问题给出切实可行的建议。故选D项。
21．A 22．C 23．C 24．B 25．A 26．B 27．D 28．D 29．C 30．A 31．D 32．B 33．B 34．A 35．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小女孩好心办了坏事，在看到美丽的花长在污泥中后，她把花从泥土中拔起，清洗了根部的泥土，差点让花死掉，而父亲教育她污泥恰是种植这株植物的最佳培养基。上帝实际上也为我们每个人提供了最佳的精神成长环境，虽然有时这种环境并不令人愉快。
21．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她的父亲收集了很多珍贵的稀有植物，他非常细心地照料这些植物。A. attended t照料；B. brught up抚养；C. lked ut小心；D. fed n以……为食。此处which引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词rare and prized plants作补充说明，先行词在从句中作空处谓语的宾语，再结合下文“with great care”可知，她的父亲应该是细心地照料这些珍贵的稀有植物。故选A。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：女孩被一株开满娇嫩花朵的植物所吸引。A. caught捕捉；B. attacked攻击；C. attracted吸引；D. shcked（使）震惊。根据下文“She apprached it and admired its striking beauty.”可知，女孩走过去欣赏这株美丽的植物，因此是被它吸引。故选C。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，她注意到这株植物长在一堆污泥中。A. recalled回忆起；B. recgnized辨认出；C. nticed注意到；D. cncluded得出结论。根据下文“that the plant was in a pile f filth”可推知，植物长在一堆污泥中是女孩走近后注意到的情况。故选C。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不能容忍这样美丽的花上存在泥土。A. shrtage缺少；B. presence存在；C. presentatin展示；D. cmpsitin组成。根据上文“that the plant was in a pile f filth”可知，植物长在一堆污泥中，因此女孩是觉得花上不应该存在泥土。故选B。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她用尽力气把植物从泥土里拔出来，用自来水冲洗根部，直到所有的泥土都被洗干净。A. pulled拔出；B. picked采，摘；C. held握着；D. pushed推。根据下文“the plant with all her might frm the dirt”可推知，她是用尽力气把植物从泥土里拔出来。故选A。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她用尽力气把植物从泥土里拔出来，用自来水冲洗根部，直到所有的泥土都被洗干净。A. flwers花；B. rts根；C. leaves叶子；D. branches树枝。根据上文“She 5 the plant with all her might frm the dirt”和常识可知，从泥土里出来的植物根部会有泥土，因此是用自来水冲洗根部。故选B。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，她把植物放在一块干净的石头上便离开了，她为自己做了一件好事而自豪。A. prject项目；B. deal交易；C. peratin操作；D. deed行为。根据上文“She 5 the plant with all her might frm the dirt and washed its 6 in running tap water till all traces f dirt were washed away.”可知，女孩想办法清除了这株植物上的泥土，由此推之，她会觉得自己为植物做了件好事，d a gd deed是固定短语，意为“做一件好事”。故选D。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，她的父亲来到花园，发现了那棵被连根拔起的植物，它已经在烈日下奄奄一息了。A. biling（使）沸腾；B. bathing洗澡；C. breathing呼吸；D. dying死亡。根据下文“The father shwed her hw her treatment had nearly killed the plant”可知，被连根拔起的植物在烈日下快死了。故选D。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的小女儿跑过来展示她的成就。A. cnfirm确认；B. check检查；C. exhibit展示；D. assess评估。根据上文“prud that she had dne a great 7 ”可知，女孩对自己做的事情感到很骄傲，因此会向父亲展示自己的成就。故选C。
30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“爸爸，我把它清理干净了。”她高兴地说。A. happily高兴地；B.cldly冷淡地；C. fearfully可怕地；D. patiently耐心地。根据上文“I have cleaned it, Daddy”可知，女孩认为自己清理了这株植物上的污泥，是做了正确的事情，却不知道自己犯了错误，因此是高兴地说话。故选A。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：父亲告诉她，她的处理方法几乎杀死了那株植物，并告诉她污秽的泥土是种植那株植物的最佳培养基。A. shelter庇护所；B. medicine药物；C. agency机构；D. medium培养基。根据上文“the filthy sil”和下文“t grw that plant”可推知，污秽的泥土应该是种植该植物的最佳培养基。故选D。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个好的园丁会为每种植物混合合适的土壤。A. same相同的；B. right合适的；C. dirty脏的；D. lse松的。根据上文“A great gardener”可推知，好的园丁熟知植物的习性，会为植物混合合适的土壤。故选B。
33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：同样，上帝也为我们每个人提供最佳的精神成长环境。A. Mrever此外；B. Similarly类似地；C. Rather相反地；D. Nevertheless然而。根据上文“A great gardener mixes the 12 sil fr each plant.”和下文“Gd prvides each f us with the best 14 required fr ptimum (最佳) spiritual grwth.”可知，作者从园丁培育植物谈到上帝培育人的精神成长，两者有相似之处，应用Similarly“类似地”来衔接。故选B。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同样，上帝也为我们每个人提供最佳的精神成长环境。A. envirnment环境；B. style风格；C. neighburhd街区；D. pprtunity机会。根据上文“sil fr each plant”可推知，此处是类比，土壤之于植物，正如环境之于人。故选A。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但它可能看起来不愉快，我们甚至可能向上帝抱怨我们的困难。A. invisible看不见的；B. disrganized混乱的；C. imprper不适当的；D. unpleasant不愉快的。根据下文“we may even cmplain t Gd abut ur difficulty”可知，我们可能会向上帝抱怨我们的困难，因此指它可能看起来不愉快。故选D。
36．t intrduce 37．a 38．wh 39．cmplicated 40．cnsulting 41．has becme 42．daily 43．are 44．in 45．expanding
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了关于年轻创业者杨婷和她的朋友琪琪在西安开设汉服梳妆打扮精品小店的故事，介绍了她们的业务内容、小店的发展情况以及吸引的游客群体等。
36．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着传统汉服的流行度日益提升，越来越多的年轻创业者正抓住这一机遇，将这份文化遗产介绍给更广泛的受众。分析句子成分可知，空处为非谓语动词担当名词“pprtunity”的后置定语，用动词不定式形式。故填t intrduce。
37．考查冠词。句意：杨婷，一位95后创业者，与她的朋友琪琪（两人曾是教师）在西安大唐不夜城繁华的步行街上开设了一家汉服梳妆打扮精品小店，开启了一段新的旅程。分析句子成分可知，空处为冠词形式，修饰名词“95s-bm entrepreneur”，表示泛指，用不定冠词。故填a。
38．考查定语从句。句意：杨婷，一位95后创业者，与她的朋友琪琪（两人曾是教师）在西安大唐不夜城繁华的步行街上开设了一家汉服梳妆打扮精品小店，开启了一段新的旅程。这里为非限制性定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Yang Ting and her friend QiQi”，复数，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词wh引导。故填wh。
39．考查形容词。句意：杨婷解释说，穿上汉服并进行梳妆打扮的过程并不复杂。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词形式担当本句的表语，意为“复杂的”。故填cmplicated。
40．考查非谓语动词。句意：它始于挑选心仪的服饰款式，随后是与化妆师沟通以打造出完美的妆容，整个过程通常需要大约一个小时。分析句子成分可知，空处为非谓语动词担当介词后的宾语，用动名词形式。故填cnsulting。
41．考查时态。句意：自2023年3月开业以来，她们的小店已成为一个热门景点，每日吸引着数百名游客。分析句子成分可知，空处为本句谓语动词；根据时间状语“since its pening in March 2023”可知，本句时态为现在完成时；主语为“their butique”，单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填has becme。
42．考查副词。句意：自2023年3月开业以来，她们的小店已成为一个热门景点，每日吸引着数百名游客。分析句子成分可知，空处为本句的时间状语，用副词形式，意为“每日”。故填daily。
43．考查谓语动词。句意：这些游客聚集在此，是为了体验穿上古代汉服所带来的魅力。他们不仅来自中国的各个地区，还来自韩国、日本、俄罗斯、尼日利亚和巴西等国家。分析句子成分可知，空处为本句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“the visitrs”，复数。故填are。
44．考查介词。句意：尽管在初期阶段由于缺乏运营经验而面临挑战，但杨婷和她的合作伙伴坚持不懈，逐步扩大了她们的业务。根据句意可知，短语：lack in，意为“缺乏……”，符合句意。故填in。
45．考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管在初期阶段由于缺乏运营经验而面临挑战，但杨婷和她的合作伙伴坚持不懈，逐步扩大了她们的业务。分析句子成分可知，空处考查非谓语动词担当状语，表示主句所产生的自然而然的结果，用现在分词形式。故填expanding。
46．Dear Simn,
I can’t wait t share my recent adventure with yu. Last mnth, ur class embarked n a five-day learning trip t Jinggang Muntain. It was nt mre than just a jurney but a prfund histry lessn and a spiritual awakening.
Upn walking thrugh the lush frests, we visited the sites f histrical battles and the humble living quarters f ur revlutinary heres. Each place we explred was a testament t their unwavering curage and dedicatin.
The highlight was meeting the descendants f these heres. Their stries breathed life int the histry bks, making the sacrifices f the past vivid and real. It was humbling t stand in the places where histry unflded and t understand the true meaning f resilience and unity.
This trip was a reminder that ur peace tday is built upn the sacrifices f the past. I nw appreciate the value f perseverance and the imprtance f ur natinal heritage.
D yu have similar experience?Lking frward t yur stry.
Best regards,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的告知信。要求考生给美国朋友 Simn写信，分享班级在井冈山进行的为期五天的研学活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参观：visit→ pay a visit t
献身：dedicatin→ devtin
证明：testament→ prf/evidence
重要性：imprtance→ significance
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Last mnth, ur class embarked n a five-day learning trip t Jinggang Muntain. It was nt mre than just a jurney but a prfund histry lessn and a spiritual awakening.
拓展句：Last mnth, ur class embarked n a five-day learning trip t Jinggang Muntain, which was nt mre than just a jurney but a prfund histry lessn and a spiritual awakening.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Each place we explred was a testament t their unwavering curage and dedicatin.（运用了省略关系代词的定语从句）
【高分句型2】This trip was a reminder that ur peace tday is built upn the sacrifices f the past.（运用了that引导的同位语从句）
47． Finally, he saw a tiny figure sitting n the bench at the spt. Jeffery felt relieved and delighted t see the girl staying safe and sund. Trying t calm himself, Jeffery decided t talk t her gently. He inquired abut her name and why she had left hme. “I was ging t Grandma’s huse. My mm wuldn’t let me g.” Sarah replied, swinging ne f her feet and lking at the cncrete flr. “Yur parents are searching fr yu, and they’ll be here sn,” he assured her, and the little girl gave him a small smile.
A few minutes later, the plice and anther car apprached them. A wman gt ut f the vehicle and rushed tward Sarah. The little girl gt up and ran t her, yelling, “Mmmy!” The plice fficers apprached Jeffrey and he tld them the entire stry and hw he regretted nt letting her n the bus, s he came t find her. Sarah’s parents thanked him fr what he had dne. Frm then n, Jeffrey helped anyne shrt n cash wh gt n his bus, and he always watched ut fr the kids that were alne because they needed smene like him t d the right jb.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了公交车司机Jeffrey一开始拒绝让没有钱的小女孩上车，后来他在Facebk上看到女孩失踪的消息，意识到自己的错误并努力将她找回的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“最后，他看见一个小小的身影坐在原地的长凳上。”可知，第一段可描写Jeffrey抵达公交站并发现小女孩仍然坐在那里的情形以及他对自己行为的反思。
②由第二段首句内容“几分钟后，警察和另一辆车靠近了他们。”可知，第二段可描写小女孩与她的父母团聚的感人瞬间，以及他们对Jeffrey的感谢及Jeffrey的变化。
2.续写线索：车站看到小姑娘——感到欣慰——安慰小姑娘——女孩与父母团聚——女孩父母感谢——Jeffrey的变化。
3.词汇激活
行为类
①询问：inquire/questin/query
②大喊：yell/shut/scream
③靠近；接近：apprach/draw near/cme near t
情绪类
①高兴的：delighted/happy/pleased
②温柔地：gently/lightly/sftly
③向……保证；确保：assure/guarantee/ensure
【点睛】【高分句型1】Sarah replied, swinging ne f her feet and lking at the cncrete flr.(运用了现在分词短语作状语)
【高分句型2】Frm then n, Jeffrey helped anyne shrt n cash wh gt n his bus, and he always watched ut fr the kids that were alne because they needed smene like him t d the right jb.(运用了wh和that引导的定语从句和because引导的原因状语从句)
题号
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
答案
D
D
C
A
C
D
C
D
B
B
题号
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
答案
C
D
B
C
D
G
F
E
C
D
题号
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
答案
A
C
C
B
A
B
D
D
C
A
题号
31
32
33
34
35





答案
D
B
B
A
D