高考英语：热点题型和提分秘籍专题10 名词性从句（练习及答案解析版）

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专题10 名词性从句（原卷版）
【高频考点解读】
名词性从句是高考常考的语法项目，主要考查对连接词的正确把握。分析历年各地的高考试题不难发现，连接代词what的用法是考查的热点。另外，在同位语从句中，经常考查that的用法。除此之外，其他连接词的用法以及从句的语序也时有考查。
【热点题型】
题型一 主语从句
例1、It desn’t matter _______ yu turn right r left at the crssing—bth rads lead t the park.
A．whether B．hw
C．if D．when
【提分秘籍】
1．引导词
(1)that不充当句子成分，本身无意义，仅起连接作用，但不能省略。
(2)whether不充当句子成分，但有“是否”的意义，不能省略，不能用if代替。还常和r连用，构成“……或者……”。
(3)wh，whm，what，which，whse本身有意义(和其作疑问词同义)，在句中作主语、宾语或定语，不能省略。
(4)where，when，hw，why本身有意义(和其作疑问词同义)，在句中作状语，不能省略。
(5)whever引导的从句和不带ever的引导词在句中所做成分一样，但其意义上多了“无论……；任何……”的含义。
What Barbara Jnes ffers t her fans is hnesty and happiness.
Barbara Jnes给她粉丝的就是诚信和快乐。
Whether there are living creatures in the uter space as thse n Earth hasn’t been prved up t nw.
外太空是否存在像地球上一样的生物迄今尚未确定。
2．由it作形式主语的句型
(1)It＋be＋形容词(bvius，natural，gd，funny，etc.)＋that从句。
(2)It＋be＋名词性词组(n wnder，an hnur，a pity，n surprise，etc.)＋that从句。
(3)It＋be＋过去分词(said，reprted，thught，expected，etc.)＋that从句。
(4)It desn’t matter/makes n difference，etc.＋连接代词或连接副词引导的主语从句。
It matters much whether the headmaster supprts ur activity.校长是否支持我们的活动很重要。
It was never clear why the man hadn’t reprted the accident sner.
为什么这个人没有尽快报告这起事故还不清楚。
It never ccurred t me that yu culd succeed in persuading him t change his mind.
我真想不到你竟然说服了他，使他改变了主意。
【举一反三】
It even leaves the scientists in wnder ________they shuld call the newlybrn creature，which lks halfhuman and halfanimal.
A．that B．why
C．what D．hw
题型二 宾语从句
例2、As many five curses are prvided, and yu are free t chse ______ suits yu best.
A．whatever B．whichever
C．whenever D．wherever
【提分秘籍】
其引导词的用法基本和主语从句相同,但需注意以下几点：
(1)that从句一般不能充当介词宾语,但在except(除了……)，in(在于……)后可以。
He is a gd student except that he is a little bit careless.
他是个好学生，就是有点粗心。
He differed frm his classmates in that he devted his spare time t reading.他和他的同学不同的地方在于他把课余时间用在了读书上。
(2)whether引导的宾语从句可以由if代替，但介词后只能用whether。
They are talking abut whether they shuld carry ut the plan.他们正在讨论是否该实施这项计划。
(3)在某些动词,如find，feel，think，cnsider,make, believe等后有宾语从句时,常用it作形式宾语,而将宾语从句后置.
We think it highly prbable that he is dead.
我们认为他已经死了，这是非常可能的。
We cnsider it necessary that he shuld imprve his prnunciatin.
他应当改进他的发音，我们认为这是必要的。
He has made it clear that he will nt give in.
他不会屈服的，这一点他已明确表示了。
【举一反三】
After seven hurs’ drive，they reached ________they thught was the place they had been dreamt f.
A．that B．what
C．where D．which
题型三 表语从句
例3、I’m afraid he’s mre f a talker than a der，which is____ he never finishes anything.
A．that B．when
C．where D．why
【提分秘籍】
表语从句引导词的用法基本和宾语从句相同，但要注意以下几点：
①that引导表语从句时，不能省略。
②whether引导表语从句时，不能用if代替。
③主句的主语是the reasn时,其表语从句的引导词为that，不能用because。
China is n lnger what she used t be.
中国再也不是从前的中国了。
My decisin is that all f us are t start at 6∶00 tmrrw mrning.我的决定是我们所有人明天早上6点出发。
The prblem is whether we can get enugh mney.
问题是我们能否弄到足够的钱。
【举一反三】
—On Sundays I prefer shutting myself in and listening t music all day n Sundays.
—That’s ________ I dn’t agree.Yu shuld have a mre active life.
A．what B．when
C．hw D．where
题型四 同位语从句
例4、The ntice came arund tw in the afternn _____ the meeting wuld be pstpned.
A．when B．that
C．whether D．hw
【提分秘籍】
1．同位语从句常放在fact，news，idea，truth，hpe，prblem，infrmatin，belief，thught，dubt等名词的后面，是对前面的名词作进一步的解释，说明前面名词的具体含义。
There seems t be n pssibility that Li Hua can win the first prize in the 100meter race.
看起来似乎李华在一百米比赛中没有可能获得一等奖。
There is a ppular belief amng the Eurpeans that chicken sup can help cure flu.
欧洲人普遍相信鸡汤可以帮助治愈流感。
The questin has been raised at the meeting whether each member cuntry shuld equally share the expense f the cmmittee.每一个成员国是否均等分担委员会的费用在会议上被提出来。
I have n idea when he will cme back.
我不知道他将何时回来。
2．同位语从句与定语从句的区别：
同位语从句是对前面名词的内容作进一步的解释、说明，引导词只起引导作用，不在句中作任何成分，一般不可省略。定语从句是对前面名词进行修饰、限制，引导词在句中作一定的句子成分。
The news that they had wn the game sn spread ver the whle schl.他们赢得比赛的消息很快就传遍了整个学校。(此句为同位语从句，进一步解释“the news”的内容)
The news yu tld me yesterday was really disappinting.
你昨天告诉我的消息真的很令人失望。(此句是定语从句，它指的是“你昨天告诉我的那个消息”)
【举一反三】
One f the glrius mments in my schl life was ________ I was awarded the Mayr’s Award.
A．why B．hw
C．that D．when
【高考风向标】
【·北京】33.I truly believe ______beauty cmes frm within.
A. that B. where C. what D. why
【·安徽】25.A ship in harbr is safe, but that’s nt ______ ships are built fr.
A. what B. whm C. why D. when
【·浙江】6. If yu swim in a river r lake, be sure t investigate is belw the water surface. Often there are rcks r branched hidden in the water.
A. what B. wh C. that D.whever
【·重庆】8.We must find ut ____ Karl is cming, s we can bk a rm fr him.
A. when B. hw C. where D. why
【·四川】8.The exhibitin tells us we shuld d smething t stp air pllutin.
A. where B. why C. what D. which
【·福建】29—I wnder _________ Mary has kept her figure after all these years.
—By wrking ut every day.
A. where B. hw C. why D. If
【·江苏】25._____ Li Bai, a great Chinese pet, was brn is knwn t the public, but sme wn’t accept it.
A. That B. Why C. Where D. Hw
【·北京】35. _____we understand things has a lt t d with what we feel.
A. Where B.Hw C.Why D. When
1．(·大纲全国卷)Exactly________the ptat was intrduced int Eurpe is uncertain, but it was prbably arund 1565.
2．(·北京卷)Sme peple believe ________ has happened befre r is happening nw will repeat itself in the future.
3．(·重庆卷)—Is it true that Mike refused an ffer frm Yale University yesterday?
—Yeah, but I have n idea ________ he did it; that's ne f his favrite universities.
4．(·福建卷)Pick yurself up. Curage is ding________yu're afraid t d.
5．(·陕西卷)________the delayed flight will take ff depends much n the weather.
6．(·湖南卷)As Jhn Lennn nce said, life is ________ happens t yu while yu are busy making ther plans.
7．(·四川卷)Grandma pinted t the hspital and said, “That's ________ I was brn. ”
8．(·天津卷)I think________impresses me abut his painting is the clurs he uses.
9．(·山东卷)It is difficult fr us t imagine______life was like fr slaves in the ancient wrld.
10. (·江苏卷)—What a mess！Yu are always s lazy!
—I'm nt t blame, mum. I am________yu have made me. [来源:.Cm]
11．(·北京，31)_______makes the bk s extrardinary is the creative imaginatin f the writer.
A．That B．What C．Wh D．Which
12．(·湖南，28)D nt let any failures discurage yu, fr yu can never tell______clse yu may be t victry.
A．hw B．that C．which D．where
13．(·江西，30)________ ne f yu breaks the windw will have t pay fr it.
A．Whever B．Whatever
C．Whichever D．Wherever
14．(·山东，30)It's gd t knw________the dgs will be well cared fr while we're away.
A．what B．whse C．which D．that
15．(·陕西，20)It remains t be seen _______ the newly frmed cmmittee's plicy can be put int practice.
A．that B．which C．what D．whether
16．(·天津，15)______I want t tell yu is the deep lve and respect I have fr my parents.
A．That B．Which C．Whether D．What
17．(·新课标Ⅰ，26)Plice have fund________appears t be the lst ancient statue.
A．which B．where C．hw D．what
18．(·浙江，16)The nly way t succeed at the highest level is t have ttal belief ________ yu are better than anyne else n the sprts field.
A．hw B．that C．which D．whether
19．(·安徽，21)Frm space, the earth lks blue.This is ________abut seventy－ne percent f its surface is cvered by water.
A．why B．hw C．because D．whether
20．(·四川，6)________yu said at the meeting describes a bright future fr the cmpany.
A．When B．Hw C．What D．That
【高考押题】
1．It is ur respnsibility, s ________ I dn't want nw is t push it t the students.
2．Research suggests an increase in vice is a signal ________ smene is lying.
3．The small muntain village ________ we spent ur hliday last mnth lies in ________ is nw part f Hubei.
4．His family members gave sme examples f ________ his drinking and smking had affected the family.
5．It has been prved ________ several new kinds f medicine ________ a psitive effect n the cure f H7N9.
6．It is n use ding ________ yu like; yu have gt t like ________ yu d.
7．He jumped ut f bed and ran t the dr t see ________ the parcel was fr.
8．Yu can cmplain, but I dubt ________ it will make any difference.
9．The bride and grm gave ________ attended their wedding sme gifts t share their happiness.
10．Helen has just heard the news frm her father ________ her byfriend David will cme back sn.
11．The message f Saving Private Ryan is ________ humans want peace, nt war.
12．There is still sme dubt ________ the system will wrk even thugh all the factrs have been cnsidered.
13．Jhn seemed puzzled abut ________ the questin meant.
14．The teacher wn't explain ________ it is that makes his students s fascinated by his lessns.
15．It is annunced that big prizes will g t ________ finishes the assignment n time.
16.________ he referred t in his article was ften discussed by many peple.
17.The ntice came arund tw 'clck in the afternn _______ the meeting wuld be put ff.
18.Maybe all Americans realize that ________ they expect t be the next president will face masses f prblems.
19.Thanks t scientific research, we nw have a gd understanding f ________ an earthquake is and why it happens.
20. ________ shcks the audience in the film Back t 1942 is the great suffering the famine (饥荒) brught t Henan peple.