人教版高中英语必修一全册知识点总结

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人教版高中英语必修一全册知识点总结Welcome UnitⅠ.阅读单词1．sex n．性别2．female adj.女(性)的；雌的 n．雌性动(植)物；女子3．male adj.男(性)的；雄的 n．雄性动(植)物；男子4．guy n．小伙子；男人；家伙5．flash card 教学卡片；识字卡6．strategy n．策略；策划7．personality n．性格；个性Ⅱ.重点单词1．exchange n．交换；交流 vt.交换；交流；交易；兑换2．lecture n．讲座；讲课；教训 vi.(开)讲座；讲课 vt.训斥3．campus n．校园；校区4．senior adj.级别(或地位)高的 n．较年长的人5．outgoing adj.爱交际的；外向的6．experiment n．实验；试验7．awkward adj.令人尴尬的；难对付的8．junior adj.地位(或职位、级别)低下的 n．职位较低者；(体育运动中)青少年9．forward adv.向前；前进 adj.向前的；前进的10．flash n．光；信号 vi.闪耀；闪光；发出信号 vt.使闪耀；发出(信号)11．goal n．目标；球门；射门12．partner n．同伴；配偶；合伙人13．company n．公司；陪伴14．style n．方式；作风Ⅲ.拓展单词1．registration n．登记；注册；挂号→register vt.& vi.登记；注册2．nationality n．国籍；民族→nation n．国家；民族；国民→national adj.国家的；民族的3．designer n．设计者→design vt.设计；筹划 n．设计；设计方案4．formal adj.正式的；正规的→formally adv.正式地→informal adj.非正式的5．anxious adj.焦虑的；不安的→anxiously adv.焦虑地→anxiety n．焦虑6．annoyed adj.恼怒的；生气的→annoy vt.使恼怒；打扰→annoying adj.令人恼怒的→annoyance n．恼怒7．frightened adj.惊吓的；害怕的→frightening adj.令人害怕的→frighten vt.& vi.(使)害怕；(使)惊恐8．impression n．印象；感想→impress vt.使钦佩；给……留下深刻的好印象 vi.留下印象；引人注目→impressive adj.令人印象深刻的9．concentrate vi.& vt.集中(注意力)；聚精会神→concentration n．集中；专心10．explore vt.& vi.探索；勘探→exploration n．探索→explorer n．勘探者；探险家11．confident adj.自信的；有把握的→confidence n．信心；信任12．organis(z)e vt.组织；筹备；安排；组建 vi.组建；成立→organis(z)ation n．组织；团体；机构→organis(z)er n．组织者13．improve vi.& vt.改进；改善→improvement n．提高；改善14．curious adj.好奇的；求知欲强的→curiously adv.好奇地→curiosity n．好奇(心)；求知欲15．revise vt.& vi.修改；修订；复习→revision n．修订；复习Ⅳ.拔高词汇：1．magnificence /mæɡ'nIfIsns/ n．景色壮观→magnificent /mæɡ'nIfIsnt/ adj.壮丽的；宏伟的；值得赞扬的2．bloom /bluːm/ vi.开花；变得健康 n．花；健康有精神的面貌3．eternal /I'tɜːnl/ adj.永恒的；不朽的；无休止的4．solitude /'sɒlItjuːd；NAmE'sɑːlətuːd/ n．独处；独居5．infinite /'InfInət/ adj.无穷尽的；无限的；极大的 n．无限的事物；无穷尽的事物6．horizon /hə'raIzn/ n．地平线；眼界；范围7．solitary /'sɒlətri；NAmE'sɑːləteri/ adj.独自的；孤僻的8．transparent /træns'pærənt/ adj.透明的；清澈的；显而易见的9．presence /'prezns/ n．存在；出席；在场10．awaken /ə'weIkən/ vt.唤起；(使)醒来Ⅴ.核心短语1．senior high school(美国)高中2．at last终于；最终3．make an impression留下好印象4．concentrate on/upon集中精力于5．leave...alone不打扰；不惊动6．junior high school(美国)初级中学7．look forward to盼望；期待8．take notes记笔记9．make friends交朋友10．come out出现，露出Ⅵ.悟经典句式1．What if no one talks to me？(What if...？)要是没人和我说话怎么办呢？2．I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.(find＋宾语＋宾补)我觉得我的大多数同学和老师都很友好，而且乐于助人。3．...I believe I will make new friends here，and there’s a lot to explore at senior high.(省略that的宾语从句)……我相信我在这儿会结交到新朋友，而且高中会有好多东西去探索。4．Tim writes his parents an email every week and tells them what happened on the ship.(动词＋双宾语)蒂姆每周给他的父母写一封电子邮件并且告诉他们船上发生了什么事。5．There’s always something exciting to do.(不定式作后置定语)总有一些刺激的事情要做。6．Studying and doing homework seem much more fun when you are at sea！(动名词短语作主语)当你在海上的时候，学习和做作业似乎有趣得多！Ⅶ. 重点词汇讲解： INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 1. exchange n．交换；交流 vt.交换；交流；交易；兑换in exchange for作为对……的交换exchange student交换生·exchange A for B用A来换取Bexchange sth with sb 和某人交换某物(1)The frightened girl stepped up to me cautiously，whispering，“Could I exchange some of the milk _______ your bread and butter？” Upon this，I willingly gave her half of my portion in exchange for her milk.(读后续写之动作和语言描写)(2)最近，学生们就如何在课外学好英语相互交换看法，其结果如下。(2022·全国乙，书面表达)Recently，students _________________________________________________________ beyond the classroom and the results are as follows.(3)我真诚地邀请所有的交换生加入这个俱乐部，此俱乐部将组织各种各样的活动，如听讲座和练习中国书法。(应用文写作之邀请信)I sincerely _______________________________________，which will organise various activities，such as listening to lectures and practicing Chinese calligraphy. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 2. design n．设计(方案)；图案；构思 vt.设计；筹划；构思(designer n．设计者)by design＝on purpose故意地be designed for sth/sb为……而设计be designed to do sth为做……而设计；旨在做……；目的是……(1)What annoyed the female __________(design) was that her partner spoke ill of her latest work ______ design.(2)特殊图案的剪纸被张贴来庆祝春节。(话题写作之传统文化)_______________________________________ are put up to celebrate the Spring Festival.(3)英文报Youth中的许多专栏是专门为高中生设计的，旨在丰富我们单调的校园生活。(2021·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)Many columns of the English newspaper Youth ______________________ senior high school students and they___________________ our boring campus life. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\3.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\3.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\3.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\3.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\3.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 3. anxious adj.焦虑的；不安的；渴望的(anxiously adv.焦虑地 anxiety n．忧虑，担心；渴望)be anxious about/for为……担忧be anxious to do/that...渴望(做)……with anxiety(＝anxiously)焦急地(1)So anxious ____________ his son’s safety that the frightened mother turned to a volunteer organisation for help.(2)去年的这个时候，我如坐针毡，正焦急地等待着录取通知书。(读后续写之心理描写)This time last year I was on pins and needles __________________________________________.(3)大卫渴望参加越野赛，但是他害怕被别人嘲笑，他是如此不安以至于焦急的泪水顺着脸庞流了下来。(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)David _____________________ the cross-country run，but he was afraid of being laughed at by others.He was ________________________________ rolled down his cheeks.(be anxious to do；so...that...) INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 4. annoyed adj.恼怒的；生气的(annoy vt.使恼怒；打扰；使烦恼；使生气 annoying adj.令人生气的 annoyance n．恼怒)be annoyed with sb对某人生气be annoyed about/at sth为某事生气It annoys sb that/when/how...……使某人恼怒。to one’s annoyance令某人生气的是(1)My partner’s _________ behavior ____________ me so much that my voice trembled with extreme ______________.(annoy)(2)令我们恼火的是，这家伙因为没有足够的信心，在足球比赛中又丢了一球。___________________，the guy lost another goal for having no enough confidence in the football game.(3)我因为他粗鲁的餐桌礼仪对他感到恼火，他满嘴食物就大声说话使我很恼怒。I _______________________ rude table manners._____________________ he talked loudly with his mouth full of food. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\5.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\5.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\5.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\5.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\5.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 5. frightened adj.惊吓的；害怕的[frighten v．(使)惊吓；(使)惊恐；使害怕 frightening adj.令人恐惧的；可怕的]be frightened of (doing) sth害怕(做)某事be frightened to do sth 害怕做某事be frightened to death害怕得要死；非常害怕frighten sb into/out of (doing) sth 吓得某人做/不敢做某事(1)听说你害怕在公共场合做演讲，我非常遗憾。(应用文写作之慰问信)I am terribly sorry to hear that you _______________________________________ a lecture in public.(2)当我看到一头可怕的熊张着血盆大口时，我害怕得要死。我吓得站在那里，头发都竖起来了。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)When I saw ________________ opening its bloody mouth，I ___________________________.I ________________________ there，with my hair standing on end. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\6.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\6.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\6.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\6.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\6.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 6. impress vt.使钦佩；给……留下深刻的好印象；使铭记 vi.留下印象；引人注目(impression n．印象；感想 impressive adj.给人深刻印象的；令人钦佩的)impress sb with sth＝impress sth on/upon sb某事/物给某人留下深刻的好印象；使某人铭记……be impressed by/with (某人)对……印象深刻What impressed sb most was sth/that...让某人印象最为深刻的是……leave/make a(n)...impression on sb给某人留下……的印象(1)What is the most ____________(impress) about Jiuzhaigou National Park is its many multi-level waterfalls and colorful lakes.(话题写作之旅游景点介绍) (2)The outgoing guy impressed the interviewers ________ his personality.→The outgoing guy impressed his personality ___________ the interviewers.(3)这次活动给我们学生留下了深刻的印象，激发了我们对各种植物的热情。(2023·浙江1月，应用文写作)The activity ___________________________ and aroused the enthusiasm of us for various plants.(4)在“中国－爱尔兰文化节”中让我印象最深刻的是文化沙龙，文化沙龙帮助我短暂体验了这两种文化的多样性和丰富性。(2022·浙江1月，应用文写作)________________________was culture salon at the China-Ireland Cultural Festival，which helped me gain a glimpse into the diversity and richness of the two cultures. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\7.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\7.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\7.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\7.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\7.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 7. curious adj.好奇的；求知欲强的(curiously adv.好奇地 curiosity n．好奇心)be curious about sth 对……感到好奇be curious to do sth 好奇地做某事；极想做某事with curiosity(＝curiously)好奇地out of curiosity出于好奇(1)Out of ___________(curious)，the little boy peered into the office through the window.(读后续写之动作描写)(2)如果你对我们学校的历史感到好奇，你一定不要错过这个黄金机会。(话题写作之学校生活)If _____________________________________，you mustn’t miss the golden opportunity.(3)听到奇怪的声音，人们都围了过来，好奇地想知道发生了什么。我也停了下来，好奇地使劲向前看。Hearing the strange noise，people gathered around，___________ what was happening.I also stopped，looking forward hard __________________. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\8.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\8.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\8.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\8.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\8.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 8. leave...alone 不打扰；不惊动leave out删掉；漏掉；不理会；忽视leave...behind遗留；把……甩在后面leave for动身去(某地)用leave短语的正确形式填空(1)“Just mind your own business and ___________ me _________，” said the guy impatiently.(2)Take notes，otherwise some important points will be__________.(应用文写作之建议信)(3)In the five-kilometer cross-country running race，so fast did Sarah run that she soon _________ the rest of us ________.(2020·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)(4)Tomorrow we’ll gather at the school gate at 8 a.m. and __________ the campsite together.(应用文写作之活动安排) INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\9.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\9.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\9.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\9.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\9.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 9. look forward to盼望；期待look forward to作 “盼望、期待”讲时，to是介词，后跟名词或动词-ing形式。类似短语还有：get down to 着手做，pay attention to 注意，date back to起源于，apply oneself to致力于，contribute to 为……作贡献；有助于，stick to坚持。look forward可表示“向前看”，后面跟to do表示目的。(1)The day he had been looking forward to _________(come)—he was finally admitted to his dream university.(2)Out of curiosity，I managed to squeeze into the crowd and looked forward ________(see) what happened.(读后续写之动作描写)(3)谢谢你考虑我的建议。我期待听到你对此事的看法。(2023·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)Thank you for considering my suggestion.I _______________________________ on this matter.(4)拼车不仅有助于和拼车者建立积极的关系，而且有助于减轻压力。(话题写作之社会现象)Not only does carpooling help to build up positive relations with the carpoolers，___________________________________________________________. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\10.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\10.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\10.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\10.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\10.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 10. find＋宾语＋宾语补足语　I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.我觉得我的大多数同学和老师都很友好，而且乐于助人。find＋宾语＋eq \b\lc\{\rc\ (\a\vs4\al\co1(doing表示主动和动作正在进行,done表示被动和动作已经完成,名词/形容词/副词/介词短语))温馨提示：该结构中宾语是oneself时，常表示主语“不知不觉发现自己……”。find＋it＋adj./n.＋to do(it作形式宾语，to do是真正的宾语)(1)The father found his children ____________(prepare) a Mother’s Day breakfast，so he tiptoed into the kitchen.(2021·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)(2)我发现儿子沉迷于网络游戏，这使我怒火中烧。_______________________，which made me boil with anger.(3)随着时间的推移，越来越多的人觉得海洋保护对人类来说是有益的而且是有必要的。(2022·全国甲，书面表达)With time going by，more and more people ___________________________________________.(4)我发现适应新的学校生活很难，因此我真诚地寻求你慷慨的帮助。(应用文写作之求助信)__________________________________________，so I sincerely ask for your generous assistance.Unit1 Teenage LifeⅠ.阅读单词1．ballet n．芭蕾舞2．greenhouse n．温室；暖房3．freshman n．(大学或高中)一年级新生4．literature n．文学；文学作品5．extra-curricular adj.课外的；课程以外的6．plate n．盘子；碟子7．youth n．青年时期；青春8．generation n．一代(人)9．adult n．成年人 adj.成年的；成熟的Ⅱ.重点单词1．debate n．辩论；争论 vt.& vi.辩论；争论2．content n．内容；[pl.]目录；(书、讲话、节目等的)主题3．title n．(书、诗歌等的)名称；标题；职称；头衔4．topic n．话题；标题5．extra adj.额外的；附加的6．obviously adv.显然；明显地7．quit vi.& vt.(quit，quit)停止；戒掉；离开(工作职位、学校等)8．schedule n．工作计划；日程安排 vt.安排；预定9．adventure n．冒险；奇遇10．expert n．专家；行家 adj.熟练的；内行的；专家的11．focus vi.& vt.集中(精力、注意力等)；(使)调节焦距 n．中心；重点；焦点Ⅲ.拓展单词1．teenage adj.十几岁的(指13至19岁)；青少年的→teenager n．(13至19岁之间的)青少年2．volunteer n．志愿者→voluntary adj.志愿的；自愿的3．prefer vt.较喜欢(preferred，preferred，preferring)→preference n．偏爱；优待；偏爱的事物/人4．movement n．动作；运动；活动→move vt.& vi.移动；搬家 vt.使感动5．suitable adj.合适的；适用的→suit vt.适合；适宜 n．套装，西装6．actually adv.事实上；的确→actual adj.实际的；真实的7．challenge n．挑战；艰巨任务 vt.怀疑；向……挑战→challenging adj.有挑战性的8．confusing adj.难以理解的；不清楚的→confuse vt.使糊涂；使迷惑→confused adj.糊涂的；迷惑的→confusion n．混乱；混淆9．fluent adj.(尤指外语)流利的；熟练的→fluently adv.流利地→fluency n．流利；流畅10．graduate vi.& vt.毕业；获得学位 n．毕业生→graduation n．毕业11．recommend vt.建议；推荐；介绍→recommendation n．建议；推荐12．advanced adj.高级的；高等的；先进的→advance n．前进；发展 vi.前进；发展 vt.发展；促进13．responsible adj.负责的；有责任的→responsibility n．责任；义务→responsibly adv.负责地；可信赖地14．solution n．解决办法；答案→solve vt.解决15．editor n．主编；编辑；编者→edit vt.编辑；剪辑→edition n．版本；版次16．survival n．生存；幸存；幸存事物→survive vi.& vt.幸存；比……活得长→survivor n．幸存者17．behaviour n．行为；举止→behave v．举止，表现18．attract vt.吸引；引起……的注意(或兴趣)→attraction n．吸引；吸引人的事物→attractive adj.有吸引力的19．addicted adj.有瘾的；上瘾的；入迷的→addict n．对……入迷的人；吸毒成瘾的人→addictive adj.使人上瘾的；使人入迷的→addiction n．着迷；瘾Ⅳ.拔高词汇1．awe /ɔː/ n．敬畏；惊叹 vt.使敬畏；使惊叹2．delight /dI'laIt/ vt.使高兴；使愉快 n．高兴；愉快；乐趣3．simplicity /sIm'plIsəti/ n．质朴；简单；容易4．retain /rI'teIn/ vt.保持；保留5．stroll /strəʊl/ vi.& n．散步；溜达；闲逛6．twilight /'twaIlaIt/ n．黄昏；暮色；晚期 adj.虚幻的；朦胧的7．cast off抛弃；丢弃8．wilderness /'wIldənəs/ n．荒野；杂草丛生处9．deem /diːm/ vt.认为；视为；相信10．burden /'bɜːdn/ n．重担；负担Ⅴ.核心短语1．prefer...to...喜欢……多于……2．clean up打扫(或清除)干净3．suitable for对……适合的4．sign up (for sth)报名(参加课程)5．be responsible for对……负责6．be attracted to喜爱7．focus on集中；特别关注8．addicted to对……很入迷9．on one’s own独立地，独自地10．hand out分发Ⅵ.悟经典句式1．My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature because I like English and I’m good at it.[recommend that sb (should) do sth]我的指导老师建议我选修高级文学，因为我喜欢英语而且成绩不错。2．Studying hard isn’t always fun，but I’ll be well prepared for university or whatever else comes in the future.(whatever引导的宾语从句)努力学习并不总是那么有趣，但我会为未来上大学或是任何其他的事情做好充分准备。3．It is not unusual for teenagers of your generation to be attracted to computer games and the online world.(It＋be＋adj.＋for sb＋to do sth.)你们这一代的青少年被电脑游戏和网络世界吸引，这没有什么不正常。4．But spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes it very difficult to focus on other things in life.[make＋it＋adj./n.(＋for sb)＋to do sth]然而，花费太多时间上网有损健康，也会让你们很难把精力放在生活中的其他事情上。5．So the next time you feel like you do not want to do boring，difficult homework or go to class，think about the children who don’t have the chance to get a good education.(the next time引导的时间状语从句)所以下一次你感到你不想做枯燥、有难度的作业或去上课时，想想那些没机会接受良好教育的孩子们。Ⅶ. 重点词汇讲解 INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\word\\必修第一册\\1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 1. prefer vt.较喜欢(preferred；preferred；preferring)(preference n．偏爱；偏爱的人/事物)(1)Among all the subjects，I actually have a _____________(prefer) for English while my partner prefers chemistry______biology.(2)Half of the students surveyed prefer _______________ (learn) English by watching English movies.(2022·全国乙，书面表达)(3)当谈到即将到来的口语练习课的分组时，我更喜欢根据学习风格分配学生，而不是随机分配。(2023·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)When it comes to the grouping for the upcoming oral practice sessions，I _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\word\\必修第一册\\2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 2. content n．内容；[pl.]目录；(书、讲话、节目等的)主题；满意 vt.满足，知足 adj.满意的；满足的(1)The adult rarely talked about his own life but he was content ____________(listen) to others’ experience.(2)那些满足于现状的人在生活中肯定不会有什么大的突破。Those __________________________________________ will surely make no great breakthrough in life.(3)按照要求，参与者可以自由演唱自己喜欢的歌曲，歌曲内容应该是积极的。(应用文写作之活动介绍)As is required，participants are free to sing their favorite songs，__________________________.  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\3.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\3.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\3.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\word\\必修第一册\\3.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 3. confuse vt.使糊涂；使迷惑(confused adj.糊涂的；迷惑的 confusing adj.难以理解的；不清楚的 confusion n．迷惑；困惑；混乱；混淆)(1)It is common that people often confuse her __________ her twin sister，who is also an editor.(2)These freshmen seemed to be in ____________(confuse)，not knowing how to solve the awkward situation.(3)得知你即将拜访一位中国朋友，对中国的风俗习惯感到困惑，我写信是想提出一些建议。(应用文写作之建议信)_________________________________________________________________________________________，I am writing to put forward some advice. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\word\\必修第一册\\4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 4. recommend vt.建议；推荐；介绍(recommendation n．建议；推荐)(1)I am writing this letter of ______________(recommend) to recommend Mr Smith，a new graduate from Harvard University，______ your teaching assistant.(应用文写作之推荐信)(2)As to the grouping for the upcoming oral practice sessions，I recommend ____________(assign) students based on their language proficiency or learning style.(2023·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)→As to the grouping for the upcoming oral practice sessions，I recommend that ______________________________________________________________________________.(3)我强烈向你推荐著名的旅游景点泰山，它位于我的家乡山东中部。(应用文写作之推荐信)_________________________________________________________，which is located in the middle of my hometown，Shandong. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\5.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\5.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\5.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\word\\必修第一册\\5.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 5. responsible adj.负责的；有责任的(responsibility n．责任；义务 irresponsible adj.没有责任心的 responsibly adv.认真负责地)(1)Through the coming-of-age ceremony(成人礼)，we realize that the sense of _____________(responsible) always accompanies the process of our growth.(2020·天津7月，书面表达)(2)我们应该对我们的行为负责，尽全力去保护海洋不受污染。(2022·全国甲，书面表达)We are supposed to ___________________________________________ our own behaviour and spare no effort to protect oceans from being polluted.(3)我认为，保护并向世界传播中国传统文化是我们的责任。(话题写作之传统文化)As far as I am concerned，_____________________________ traditional Chinese culture to the world. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\6.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\6.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\6.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\word\\必修第一册\\6.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 6. schedule n．工作计划；日程安排 vt.安排；预定(1)We should work extra hours on the project to complete it _______ schedule or even ahead ______schedule.(2)学生传统国画展览按计划将在5月15日至24日在我们的图书馆二楼举行。(2021·浙江6月，应用文写作)An exhibition of students’ traditional Chinese paintings _________________________________ from May 15 to May 24.(3)按照计划，我们今天将举办一场英语才艺秀，目的是丰富我们的学校生活，培养我们对英语学习的兴趣。(应用文写作之活动介绍)_________________，we will hold an English Talent Show today，with the aim of enriching our school life and developing our interest in English learning. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\7.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\7.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\7.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\word\\必修第一册\\7.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 7. attract vt.吸引；引起……的注意(或兴趣)(attraction n．吸引；吸引人的事物attractive adj.有吸引力的)(1)So ______________(attract) were the activities of the advanced literature club that the teenage boy signed up for it immediately.(2)这部冒险小说吸引了这个男孩的注意力，以至于他无法集中精力学习。①The adventure novel __________________ so much that he couldn’t focus on study.②The boy ______________________________ he couldn’t focus on study.(3)西湖，一处位于杭州的旅游胜地，每年吸引成千上万的游客。(应用文写作之推荐信)The West Lake，________________ lying in Hangzhou，_______________________________. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\8.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\8.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\8.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\word\\必修第一册\\8.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 8. focus vi.& vt.集中(精力、注意力等)；(使)调节焦距 n．中心；重点；焦点(1)Scheduled to be held on January 20 in the school’s lecture hall，the competition focuses _______________ the theme of “first impression of China”．(应用文写作之活动介绍) (2)这么多人把目光集中在我身上，我感到非常紧张和尴尬。__________________________________，I felt extremely nervous and awkward.(with复合结构)(3)头发打结，南瓜肉盖着鼻子，我成了那些在网上观看视频的人关注的焦点。(2021·浙江1月，读后续写)Hair in knots and nose covered by pumpkin pulp，_____________________________ who viewed the video posted online. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\9.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\9.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\9.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\word\\必修第一册\\9.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 9. make＋it＋adj./n.(＋for sb)＋to do sth　But spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes it very difficult to focus on other things in life.然而，花费太多时间上网有损健康，也会让你们很难把精力放在生活中的其他事情上。(1)I think it no good ___________(read) in bed，which obviously does great harm to our eyes.(2)你最好提前掌握一些基础的汉语，这会使你适应在北京的新生活很容易。(应用文写作之建议信)①You’d better master some basic Chinese in advance，which ______________________________________________________________________________.②You’d better master some basic Chinese in advance，_______________________________.(现在分词作结果状语)(3)我非常荣幸能站在这里发表关于海洋保护的演讲。(应用文写作之发言稿)I __________________________________________ about ocean protection.(4)为了提高你的英语口语，我建议你把每天练习说英语作为一项规则。(应用文写作之建议信)To improve your oral English，I recommend that you ____________________________________ on a daily basis. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\10.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\10.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\10.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\word\\必修第一册\\10.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 10. the next time引导时间状语从句 　So the next time you feel like you do not want to do boring，difficult homework or go to class，think about the children who don’t have the chance to get a good education.所以下一次你感到你不想做枯燥、有难度的作业或去上课时，想想那些没机会接受良好教育的孩子们。(1)每次我遇到困难，你都会及时出现并给予我帮助。(应用文写作之感谢信)________________________，you would turn up in time and give me a hand.(2)在街上他一看到那个受伤的女孩，就毫不犹豫地下车，像箭一样冲过去帮助她。(读后续写之动作链描写)__________________________________________________________，he got off his car without hesitation and rushed like an arrow to assist her.Unit2 Travelling AroundⅠ.阅读单词1．castle n．城堡；堡垒2．visa n．签证3．flat adj.平坦的；扁平的 n．公寓；单元房4．empire n．帝国5．emperor n．皇帝6．brochure n．资料(或广告)手册7．package n．包裹；包装盒 vt.将……包装好8．package tour包价旅游9．civilisation n．文明；文明世界10．credit card信用卡11．statue n．雕塑；雕像12．BCE(＝before the Common Era)公元前13．tomb n．坟墓14．unearth vt.挖掘；发掘Ⅱ.重点单词1．rent vt.租用；出租 vi.租用；租金为 n．租金2．pack vi.& vt.收拾(行李) vt.包装 n．(商品的)纸包；纸袋；大包3．source n．来源；出处4．site n．地点；位置；现场5．type n．类型；种类 vi.& vt.打字6．flight n．空中航行；航班；航程7．unique adj.唯一的；独特的；特有的8．path n．小路；路线；道路9．destination n．目的地；终点10．contact vt.联络；联系 n．联系；接触11．soldier n．士兵；军人12．transport n．交通运输系统 vt.运输；运送13．hike vi.徒步旅行 vt.去……远足 n．远足；徒步旅行14．credit n．借款；信用；称赞；学分15．request n．(正式或礼貌的)要求；请求 vt.(正式或礼貌地)要求；请求16．view n．视野；景色；看法17．sight n．景象；视野；视力18．comment n．议论；评论 vi.& vt.发表意见；评论Ⅲ.拓展单词1．apply vi.& vt.申请；请求 vt.应用；涂(油漆、乳剂)→application n．申请(书)；应用→applicant n．申请人2．amazing adj.令人惊奇的；令人惊喜的→amazed adj.惊奇的；惊喜的→amaze vt.使惊奇→amazement n．惊奇；惊喜3．arrangement n．安排；筹备→arrange vt.& vi.安排；筹备4．extremely adv.极其；非常→extreme adj.极其的；极度的 n．极端；极度5．narrow adj.狭窄的 vi.& vt.(使)变窄→narrowly adv.勉强地；狭隘地6．powerful adj.强有力的；有权势的；有影响力的→power n．能力；力量；权力→powerless adj.无力的；无能的7．official adj.官方的；正式的；公务的 n．官员；要员→office n．办公室→officer n．军官；官员，高级职员8．recognis(z)e vt.辨别出；承认；认可→recognition n．承认；认可；识别9．accommodation n．住处；停留处；膳宿→accommodate vt.提供住处；容纳10．admire vt.钦佩；赞赏→admiration n．崇拜；赞赏→admirable adj.令人赞赏的11．architecture n．建筑设计；建筑学→architect n．建筑设计师12．economy n．经济；节约→economic adj.经济(上)的；经济学的→economical adj.经济的；实惠的13．detail n．细节；详情；细微之处→detailed adj.详细的；精细的Ⅳ.拔高词汇1．unite /ju'naIt/ vi.& vt.(使)联结；(使)统一；(使)联合2．gorgeous /'ɡɔːdʒəs/ adj.绚丽的；灿烂的；非常漂亮的3．crown /kraʊn/ vt.给……加顶；为……加冕；使圆满 n．王冠；花冠；桂冠4．span /spæn/ vt.横跨；涵盖；持续 n．持续时间；范围；跨度5．creep /kriːp/ vi.(crept，crept) 渐渐出现；缓慢行进；蔓延6．individualise (NAmE -lize) /ˌIndI'vIdʒuəlaIz/ vt.使个性化；使因人而异7．assembly /ə'sembli/ n．集会；晨会；组装8．fare /feə(r)/ vi.(旧式英语)漫游；徘徊；游荡9．intent /In'tent/ adj.专注的；决心做 n．意图；目的10．cling to紧紧抓住；附着Ⅴ.核心短语1．apply for申请2．take control of控制；接管3．other than除……以外4．make up构成；形成5．credit card信用卡6．check in(在旅馆、机场等)登记7．check out结账离开(旅馆等)8．get ready for为……做准备9．be made of由……制作成10．can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事Ⅵ.悟经典句式1．It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru.(强调句型)正因为如此，西班牙语是秘鲁的主要官方语言。2．Especially amazing is the Incas’ dry stone method of building.(表语前置引起的倒装)特别令人惊叹的是印加人的干式石头搭砌的建造方法。3．Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones.(so that引导的结果状语从句)印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸，仅仅凭着石头间的完美契合，即可稳固墙体。4．Each statue has a different face，leading researchers to believe that each one is a copy of a real soldier.(现在分词短语作结果状语)每座俑像的相貌都不相同，这让研究人员认为每座俑像都是一名真实士兵的形象。5．However，no one in modern times knew about the tomb or the terracotta statues until 1974，when some farmers discovered the tomb while they were digging a well！(when引导的定语从句)然而，直到1974年几位农民打井时(无意)发现了这座陵墓，现代人才知道了这座皇陵！Ⅶ. 重点词汇讲解 INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\word\\必修第一册\\1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 1. apply vi.& vt.申请；请求 vt.涂(油漆、乳剂)；敷；应用[application n．申请(书)；应用 applicant n．申请人](1)All __________ who have applied for the position as a teaching assistant should submit a formal _______________ form before Wednesday.(apply)(应用文写作之通知)(2)In my view，the official rule applies _______ all the emergencies that occur.(3)He fetched some cream，applied it ______ the wound with care and rushed me to the hospital.(读后续写之动作链描写)(4)我写信向你申请你们在昨天的报纸上提供的职位。(应用文写作之申请信)________________________________ you offered in yesterday’s newspaper.(5)如果你集中精力学习，你迟早会取得更多的进步。_______________________________，you can make much more progress sooner or later. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\word\\必修第一册\\2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 2. arrangement n．安排；筹备(常用复数形式)(arrange v．筹备；安排；整理)(1)Our school is to make ______________(arrange) for a speech competition themed traditional Chinese culture.(2)We arranged ____________(watch) an English film from 4 p．m. to 5 p．m. at our school theatre last Friday.(话题写作之学校生活)(3)我将安排我的搭档去机场接你。期待很快见到你。(应用文写作之告知信)I _____________________________at the airport.Looking forward to seeing you soon. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\3.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\3.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\word\\必修第一册\\3.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 3. recognise vt.辨别出；承认；认可(recognition n．认出；承认)(1)Decades passing，the once amazing castle has gone beyond ________________(recognise) for lack of proper preservation.(2)最近在线学习被公认为是一种重要的学习方式。(2021·全国乙，书面表达)①Online learning ___________________________ an important way to study recently.②_____________________________________________________________________(用it作形式主语改写) INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\word\\必修第一册\\4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 4. contact vt.联络；联系 n．联系；接触Taking on this challenge will bring you in contact ________ someone who shares your interests.(2)自从毕业，我与室友失去联系多年，我设法再次与她取得了联系，并承诺我们将永远保持联系。_______________________with my roommate for years since graduation，I managed to ________________________________________ her again and promised that we would __________________ forever.(3)如果你想了解这个活动更多的细节，请通过123456543@163.com联系李华。(应用文写作之结束语)If you want to know more details about the activity，__________________123456543@163.com. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\5.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\5.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\word\\必修第一册\\5.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 5. request n．& vt.要求；请求(1)Our teacher requested that we ______________(exchange) our ideas on learning regularly.→Our teacher requested us _________________(exchange) our ideas on learning regularly.(2)资深游客在他们的包价旅行中要求一个更好的住处；在他们的要求下，旅行社决定入住一家像城堡一样令人惊叹的酒店。The senior tourists________________________________ during their package tour；and ___________________________________________________，the travel agency decided to check in an amazing hotel which was like a castle.(3)要求任何想申请该课程的人都应在网上注册个人信息。(应用文写作之通知)____________________________________________________________________________ personal information online.用法点拨　动词request后的宾语从句及名词request之后的表语从句或同位语从句的谓语动词要用“should do”，should可以省略。 INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\6.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\6.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\word\\必修第一册\\6.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 6. view n．风景；视野；看法；见解 vt.观看；看待 (viewer n．观众，观看者)(1)_________ my point of view，the film industry in China should make greater efforts to attract more __________(view)．(2)考虑到天气状况，我们最好改变一下安排，以便能更好地看到城堡。______________ the weather condition，we’d better change our arrangement so as to ____________________ the castle.(3)一个继承雷锋精神，在当今社会做他过去常做的事的人，被视为“活雷锋”。(2023·天津3月，应用文写作)A person who inherits the spirit of Lei Feng and does what he used to do in the present society______________________________________.(4)关于即将进行的英语口语练习的分组，我认为随机分配学生是不明智的。(2023·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)As to the grouping for the coming oral English practice，I ________________________________. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\7.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\7.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\word\\必修第一册\\7.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 7. other than 除……以外完成下面语段除了努力学习，我还参加了许多社区活动——更确切地说是一些志愿活动。我非常高兴能够帮助那些需要帮助的人，从而赢得他们的赞赏。在我看来，做一名志愿者是一种美德，而不是一项强制性的任务。所以每年我都会参加不少于几十个志愿者活动，并从中获得更多。___________ applying myself to study，I also take part in many community activities—____________ some voluntary events.I am ____________ delighted to help those in need and thus win their admiration.From my point of view，being a volunteer is a virtue __________________ a mandatory task.So each year，I get involved in ______________ dozens of voluntary activities and get even more from them. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\8.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\8.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\word\\必修第一册\\8.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 8. 强调句型 　It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru.正因为如此，西班牙语是秘鲁的主要官方语言。(1)It was my head teacher I respect most ___________ helped me out whenever I was in trouble.(2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达)(2)是什么使他激动得两眼发光？__________________ made his eyes twinkle with excitement?(3)I didn’t realize a small act of care can melt people’s loneliness until I experienced the event.(读后续写之助人与善举升华句)→Not until I experienced the event ____________ a small act of care can melt people’s loneliness.(用倒装句改写)→___________________________________ I realized a small act of care can melt people’s loneliness.(用强调句改写)(4)在我看来，重要的是你做了什么，而不是你说了什么。In my view，_______________________________________________ matters.(5)正是因为你的慷慨帮助，我才坚信我会尽快适应大学生活。____________________________________I firmly believe that I will adapt to the college life as soon as possible.用法点拨　(1)记住句式结构，不管强调人或物都可用that；强调人时可用who。(2)强调句与定语从句的区别：①强调句的特点：去掉it is/was和that/who后句子结构完整，意义清楚；②时间、地点状语前是否有介词是区分这两种句式的关键。Unit3 Sports and FitnessⅠ.阅读单词1．soccer n．足球；足球运动2．stadium n．(pl.stadiums or stadia)体育场；运动场3．boxing n．拳击(运动)4．badminton n．羽毛球运动5．marathon n．马拉松赛跑6．ski adj.滑雪的 vi.滑雪7．track and field田径8．gymnastics n．体操(训练)9．legend n．传奇故事(或人物)；传说10．glory n．荣誉；光荣；赞美11．graceful adj.优美的；优雅的12．push-up n．(especially NAmE)俯卧撑13．error n．错误；差错Ⅱ.重点单词1．event n．比赛项目；大事；公开活动2．track n．跑道；足迹；铁路轨道 vt.& vi.追踪；跟踪3．gym n．健身房；体育馆4．sweat vt.使出汗；出汗弄湿 vi.出汗；流汗 n．汗水；出汗5．athlete n．运动员；运动健儿6．master n．高手；主人 vt.精通；掌握7．medal n．奖章；勋章8．apart adv.分离；分开；成碎片9．captain n．(运动队)队长；船长；机长10．pretend vi.& vt.假装；装扮11．million num.一百万12．cheat vi.作弊；舞弊 vt.欺骗；蒙骗 n．欺骗手段；骗子13．audience n．观众；听众14．positive adj.积极的；正面的；乐观的；肯定的15．slim adj.苗条的；单薄的16．diet n．规定饮食；日常饮食 vi.节食17．rather adv.相当；有点儿18．jog vi.慢跑 n．慢跑Ⅲ. 拓展单词1．fitness n．健康；健壮；适合→fit adj.适合的；健康的 vt.& vi.适合→unfit adj.不适合的；不健康的2．host vt.主办；主持 n．主人；东道主；节目主持人→hostess n．女主人；女主持人3．honour n．荣誉；尊敬；荣幸 vt.尊敬，使荣幸→honourable adj.可敬的；体面的4．championship n．锦标赛；冠军赛；冠军称号→champion n．冠军；优胜者5．determination n．决心；决定→determine v．决心；决定→determined adj.坚决的6．injure vt.使受伤；损害→injured adj.受伤的；有伤的→injury n．伤害；损伤7．strength n．力量；体力→strengthen v．增强→strong adj.强壮的8．failure n．失败；失败的人(或事物)→fail v．失败9．compete vi.竞争；对抗→competition n．竞争；比赛→competitor n．竞争者；对手→competitive adj.竞争的；有竞争力的10．stress n．压力；紧张；重音 vt.强调；重读；使焦虑不安 vi.焦虑不安→stressful adj.造成压力的→stressed adj.感到压力的Ⅳ. 拔高词汇1．adequately /'ædIkwətli/ adv.足够地；合格地→adequate adj.足够的；合格的2．rival /'raIvl/ vt.(rivalled，rivalled)比得上；与……相匹敌 n．竞争对手 adj.竞争的；对立的3．unveil /ˌʌn'veIl/ vt.拉开……的帷幔；展示4．melody /'melədi/ n．乐曲；旋律；曲调5．tide /taId/ n．潮水；潮汐；趋势 vt.帮助某人渡过(困难时期)6．vanish /'vænIʃ/ vi.突然消失；消亡7．contend /kən'tend/ vi.竞争；争夺 vt.声称；主张8．scale /skeIl/ n．等级；刻度；规模 vt.攀登；去鳞；改变……的大小9．strive /straIv/ vi.(strove /strəʊv/or strived，striven /'strIvn/or strived)努力；奋斗；力求10．splash /splæʃ/ vt.把(水、泥等)泼(溅)在……上 vi.泼洒；拍打着水游 n．落水声；溅上的液体Ⅴ.核心短语1．come along跟随；到达；进步；赶快2．work out锻炼；计算出；解决3．make it获得成功；准时到达4．set an example树立榜样5．fall apart破裂；破碎；崩溃6．lose heart丧失信心；泄气7．give up放弃；投降8．make sense有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚9．pretend to do sth 假装做某事10．even if/though即使；虽然11．make a difference有作用或影响12．rather than而不是13．cut...out停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下14．now and then有时；偶尔15．compare...with/to...与……比较Ⅵ.悟经典句式1．They must be athletes who are masters in their sports and also set good examples for others.(who引导的定语从句)他们必须是所在运动项目上的大师，而且是他人学习的楷模。2．The Boys and Girls Club which he started in Chicago has been helping young people since 1996.(现在完成进行时)他(乔丹)在芝加哥所创建的“男孩女孩俱乐部”从1996年至今一直在帮助年轻人。3．A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team.(even if引导的让步状语从句)足球运动员不应该假装摔倒，即使这对他/她的球队有帮助。4．Once I started thinking about fitness rather than weight，things began to change.(once引导的时间状语从句)一旦我开始考虑健康而不是体重，事情就有了变化。5．Instead of saying “I want to lose three kilos”，I would say “I want to run two kilometres in eight minutes” or “I want to be able to do 30 push-ups”．(instead of doing)我不会说“我想减掉三千克”，我会说“我想在八分钟内跑完两千米”或“我希望能做30个俯卧撑”。6．By being positive about myself and my body，I became both happier and healthier.(by doing作状语)通过积极看待自我和自己的身体，我变得更快乐，也更加健康了。Ⅶ. 重点词汇讲解 INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 1. honour n．荣誉；尊敬；荣幸 v．尊敬；给予表扬；信守(承诺) (honourable adj.值得尊重的)(1)Michael Jordan，a master in basketball，never lost heart even if he was faced with failure，for which he was greatly _______________(honour)．(2)人们庆祝端午节以纪念屈原，他是中国一位伟大的诗人。(话题写作之传统节日)People celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival ________________，who is a great Chinese poet.(3)能有宝贵的机会在这里发表演讲，我感到非常荣幸。(应用文写作之演讲稿)_________________________________________________________________________________________________ to deliver a speech here. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 2. determination n．决心；决定(determine v．测定；决定；确定 determined adj.坚决的；有决心的)(1)He determined __________ facing the failure bravely rather than escaping from reality.(2)The ______________ look on her face shows that she has strong confidence and _______________to win the championship in the coming gymnastics competition.(determine)(3)就在那时我决定继续在农场工作，以便能帮助养活我的家人。(2021·浙江6月，读后续写)It was at that time that I _______________________________ so that I could help support my family.(determine to do)(4)我决定要策划一场以“绿色北京”为主题的俱乐部活动，因此写信向你请教一些宝贵的建议。(2023·北京，书面表达改编)_______________________________________________________，I am writing to ask you for some precious advice.(形容词短语作状语) INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\3.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\3.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\3.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 3. injury n．伤害；损伤(injured adj.受伤的；有伤的 injure vt.使受伤；损害)(1)The explosion did serious ____________ to some passers-by；fortunately，the ___________ were immediately rushed to the nearest hospital.(injure)(2)尽管腿受了伤，他还是决心跑完马拉松。①Though he ___________________，he was determined to finish the marathon.②___________________，he was determined to finish the marathon.(用状语从句的省略改写) INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 4. failure n．失败；失败的人(或事物)(fail v．失败；不及格)(1)Though he failed __________(win) the championship，audience didn’t view him as ___ failure because of the real sportsmanship he showed in the event.(2)正如一句谚语说的那样，“失败是成功之母”。努力工作，你就会取得进步。(应用文写作之鼓励他人)As a proverb goes，“________________.” Work hard，and you will make progress. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\5.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\5.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\5.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 5. compete vi.竞争；对抗(competitive adj.竞争的，竞争心强的；有竞争力的 competitor n．竞争者，竞争对手；参赛者 competition n．竞争；竞赛，比赛)(1)Whistle going off，the __________ began and all _____________ dashed in the track like arrows.(compete)(读后续写之场景描写)(2)生活是一段旅程，你必须不断地与他人竞争，超越自我。(读后续写之主旨升华)Life is a journey _________________________________________ to go beyond yourself.(3)尽管这是一场竞争激烈的比赛，但是真正重要的不是冠军称号，而是参与者在比赛中所展现出来的决心。(2020·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)__________________________________________，what really mattered was not the title of championship but the determination that participants showed during the race. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\6.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\6.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\6.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 6. pretend vt.& vi.假装；假扮(1)The host pretended to ____________(read) an important paper when the director came in.(2)I pretended ___________________(finish) all my homework when asked by my parents.→______________________________________ when asked by my parents.(pretend that...)(3)在学习上，你不懂装懂是不明智的。When it comes to study，_________________________________________________. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\7.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\7.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\7.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 7. give up放弃；投降(1)用give短语的正确形式填空With all their energy ____________，the cyclists seemed to _______________ the bad situation；however，when hearing the cheers from the audience along the street，nobody chose to ___________ the race.Therefore，they finally raised enough money and ________ it ________ to the poor children in remote mountain areas.(2)当我终于写完的时候，获胜的想法已经让位于写作的乐趣。(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)When I finally finished it，the thought of winning ____________________________________.(3)我们无论面临什么样的挑战，都会坚持我们的梦想，永不气馁或放弃。(读后续写之主旨升华)Whatever challenges we are faced with，______________________________________________. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\8.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\8.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\8.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 8. cut...out停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下用cut短语的正确形式填空(1)To keep physically healthy，the experts strongly suggest __________ alcohol in our daily life.(2)I usually ____________ the park on my way home so that I can arrive home earlier.(3)She kept on ___________ on our conversation，which made us very annoyed.(4)The captain ________ the meat in his plate impatiently to show his anger.(5)His company will __________ its production if the water supply is __________. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\9.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\9.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\9.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 9. even if引导的让步状语从句 　A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team.足球运动员不应该假装摔倒，即使这对他/她的球队有帮助。(1)Disappointed at the competition，the host won’t attend the event，even if _________(invite)．(2)尽管他陷入了困境，他仍然乐意帮助处于困境中的人。________________________________，he still willingly helped those in trouble.(3)当孩子们受到表扬时，他们会表现得积极，即使仅仅是一个点头微笑。Children will act positively when they are praised，______________________________.Unit4 Natural DisastersⅠ.阅读单词1．tornado n．(pl.-oes or -os)龙卷风；旋风2．drought n．旱灾；久旱3．landslide n．(landfall)(山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡4．tsunami n．海啸5．volcanic eruption火山喷发6．magnitude n．(地)震级；重大7．evacuate vt.疏散；撤出 vi.撤离8．helicopter n．直升机9．crack n．裂纹；裂缝 vi.& vt.(使)破裂10．brick n．砖；砖块11．metal n．金属12．unify vi.& vt.统一；(使)成一体13．volcano n．(pl.-oes or -os)火山14．erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出15．typhoon n．台风16．hurricane n．(尤指西大西洋的)飓风17．whistle vi.吹口哨；发出笛声 vt.吹口哨 n．哨子(声)；呼啸声18．kit n．成套工具；成套设备19．first aid kit急救箱Ⅱ.重点单词1．disaster n．灾难；灾害2．slide vi.& vt.(slid，slid)(使)滑行；滑动3．flood n．洪水；大量 vi.淹没；大量涌入 vt.使灌满水；淹没4．rescue n．& vt.营救；救援5．damage vt.损害；破坏 n．损坏；损失6．destroy vt.摧毁；毁灭7．affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动8．shelter n．避难处；居所；庇护 vt.保护；掩蔽 vi.躲避(风雨或危险)9．gas n．气体；燃气；汽油10．ruin n．& vt.破坏；毁坏11．percent n．百分之…… adj.& adv.每一百中12．trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n．险境；陷阱13．effort n．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力14．context n．上下文；语境；背景15．supply n．供应(量)；补给；[pl.]补给品 vt.供应；供给16．tap vi.& vt.轻叩；轻敲；轻拍 n．水龙头；轻叩；轻敲17．pipe n．管子；管道18．emergency n．突发事件；紧急情况19．calm adj.镇静的；沉着的 vt.使平静；使镇静20．aid n．援助；帮助；救援物资 vi.& vt.(formal)帮助；援助21．crash vt.& vi.碰撞；撞击 n．撞车；碰撞22．sweep vt.& vi.(swept，swept)打扫；清扫23．wave n．海浪；波浪 vi.& vt.挥手；招手24．strike vi.& vt.(struck，struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打 n．罢工；罢课；袭击Ⅲ. 拓展单词1．death n．死；死亡→dead adj.死的→deadly adj.致命的→die v．死亡2．shock n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked adj.感到震惊的3．electricity n．电；电能→electric adj.电的；用电的→electronic adj.电子的4．bury vt.埋葬；安葬→burial n．埋葬；葬礼5．breathe vi.& vt.呼吸→breath n．呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的6．revive vt.& vi.复活；(使)苏醒→revival n．振兴；复苏7．wisdom n．智慧；才智→wise adj.明智的→unwise adj.不明智的8．suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→suffering n．痛苦→sufferer n．患者；受难者9．survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过→survival n．幸存；生存→survivor n．幸存者；生还者10．power n．电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→powerful adj.强有力的；有影响力的→powerless adj.无力的11．deliver vt.& vi.递送；传达 vt.发表→delivery n．投递；送交12．summary n．总结；概括；概要→summaris(z)e vt.& vi.总结；概括13．effect n．效果；结果；影响→effective adj.有效的14．length n．长；长度→long adj.长的→lengthen v．(使)变长Ⅳ. 拔高词汇1．breeze /briːz/ n．微风；和风；轻而易举的事 vt.轻盈而自信地走2．become jaded with对……感到厌倦3．endow /In'daʊ/ vt.捐赠；资助4．array /ə'reI/ n．大量；大群；阵列 vt.布置；排列5．thread /θred/ n．线；思路；线状物 vt.& vi.穿(针)；穿过6．beam /biːm/ n．光线；束；梁 vi.& vt.照射；发光；发热7．weave /wiːv/ vt.& vi.(wove /wəʊv/or weaved，woven /'wəʊvn/or weaved)编织；编纂；编造8．web /web/ n．蛛网；网络，错综复杂的事物9．prey /preI/ n．猎物；受害者 vt.捕食；欺凌；敲诈10．deliberately /dI'lIbərətli/ adv.故意；蓄意；从容不迫地→deliberate /dI'lIbərət/ adj.故意的；蓄意的 vi.& vt.深思熟虑Ⅴ.核心短语1．as if似乎；好像；仿佛2．in ruins严重受损；破败不堪3．in shock震惊；吃惊4．in the open air露天；在户外5．on hand现有(尤指帮助)6．sweep away消灭；彻底消除7．refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事8．as usual像往常一样9．come to an end告终；结束10．the number of……的数量Ⅵ.悟经典句式1．Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat，and dogs refused to go inside buildings.(too...to...)鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食；狗拒绝进入屋内。2．It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！(as if引导的虚拟语气)仿佛世界末日即将来临！3．Water，food，and electricity were hard to get.(主语＋be＋adj.＋to do)没有水和食物，电也停了。4．Soon after the quakes，the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.(those who...)地震发生后不久，部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。5．The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday，killing more than 6,500 people in Indonesia，India，Thailand，Malaysia，and at least four other countries.(现在分词短语作结果状语)昨日，40年来最为强烈的地震引发海啸，重创亚洲沿海地带，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚和其他至少四个国家的6 500多人死亡。6．I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.(be doing...when...正在做……突然……)当时我和我的三个孩子正在吃早饭，海水开始灌入屋内。Ⅶ. 重点词汇讲解 INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 1. shock n．休克；震惊；令人震惊的事 vt.(使)震惊(shocked adj.感到震惊的 shocking adj.令人震惊的)(1)All of us were _________ at the _____________ news that many deaths had been caused by the flood.(shock)(2)汤姆在马拉松比赛中赢得了冠军，这对我们大家来说非常震惊。Tom won the championship in the marathon，__________________________________________.(3)听到家乡被飓风摧毁的消息，她吓得脸色苍白。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)She ____________________ that her hometown was destroyed by the hurricane. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 2. trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n．陷阱；险境(1)People with weak control power are likely to be trapped _______ buying useless goods by the webcast.(2)____________(trap) in the ruins for two days，the girl constantly held a positive attitude，firmly believing that someone would come to her rescue.(3)这位可怜的幸存者设下了一个简单的陷阱，试图抓住一只兔子来充饥，但却是白费力气。_______________________，attempting to catch a rabbit to satisfy his hunger，but in vain. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\3.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 3. bury vt.埋葬；安葬；掩埋；隐藏(burial n．埋葬；葬礼)(1)自毕业以来，她一直埋头于文物保护和修复工作，在这一领域做出了巨大贡献。(话题写作之人物介绍)Ever since graduation，she ____________________________ relic protection and restoration work，making great contributions in this field.(2)Hearing the bad news，she buried her face in her hands and burst into tears.(读后续写之动作描写)→Hearing the bad news，she burst into tears，__________________________.(现在分词作状语)→Hearing the bad news，she burst into tears，__________________________.(with复合结构)→Hearing the bad news，she burst into tears，___________________________.(独立主格结构) INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 4. suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦(suffering n．受苦，遭难；苦楚，苦难 sufferer n．受难者；患者)(1)得知我的搭档得了重病，我非常焦虑，所以我冲向了医院。(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)Knowing that my partner was __________________，I was burning with anxiety，so I darted towards the hospital.(2)我的老师感叹道：“在写作的过程中，你一定经历过失败和艰辛。正是这些痛苦使你的意志更加坚强。” (2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)My teacher exclaimed，“In the process of writing，you _______________________.It is _____________________ make you more strong-willed.” INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\5.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 5. survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸免；幸存；艰难度过；生还；比……活得长(survivor n．幸存者 survival n．幸存；生还)(1)The ___________ owed his ____________ to a TV program，which taught what to survive _____ when trapped in the wild.(survive)(2)Although the old lady suffered from a serious illness，she still survived her husband ____ 5 years.(3)生活不在于如何从暴风雨中幸存，而在于学会在雨中翩翩起舞。(读后续写之升华句)Life isn’t about __________________；it’s about learning to dance in the rain. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\6.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 6. strike vt.& vi.(struck，struck/stricken)击打；(时钟等)敲响；擦(火柴)；撞击；侵袭；给(某人以……)印象；突然想起 n．罢工；罢课；袭击(1)The workers are coming out _____ strike for higher wages，which is a shock to the government.(2)我的朋友们都被一只小鸟和它的救命恩人之间的深厚联系深深打动了。(2023·浙江1月，读后续写)My friends __________________________ the profound bond between a little bird and her saver.(3)我突然想到一个好主意，我们可以在即将到来的教师节送给老师一份手工制作的礼物。_________________________ that we could give a handmade gift to our teacher for the coming Teachers’ Day.→______________________________ we could give a handmade gift to our teacher for the coming Teachers’ Day.(用it作形式主语改写) INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\7.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 7. as if引导的虚拟语气 　It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！仿佛世界末日即将来临！(1)Listen，the whistle of an ambulance！It seems as if there __________(be) an emergency.(2)When a pencil is partly put into water，it looks as if it _________(be) broken.(3)At the bad news，Mary froze with shock，as if ____________(root) to the ground.(4)我一走进房子，它就发出了高兴的喵喵声，好像是在告诉我它以前住在这里。The moment I stepped into the house，it let out a mew of delight _________________________ it previously lived here.(拟人表达) 用法点拨　当as if/though引导方式状语从句时，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词的某种形式，则可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。 INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\8.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 8. be doing...when... 　I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.当时我和我的三个孩子正在吃早饭，海水开始灌入屋内。(1)我们刚从着火的房子里逃出来，房子就倒向地面，我们吓得魂不附体。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)_______________________________________________ it fell to the ground and we were frightened out of our wits.(2)手里捧着罐子，我正匆忙上楼梯，突然我的一只脚被楼梯绊住了。我失去了平衡，努力想稳住自己，但是没用。罐子从我的手指间滑落，摔在了坚硬的泥土地上。我刚要去捡起碎片，就听到妈妈的声音，“发生了什么事？”(读后续写之片段描写)With the jar in my hands，I _________________________ one of my feet was caught on one stair.Losing balance，I tried to steady myself，but in vain.The jar slipped through my fingers，and smashed on the hard-as-rock mud floor.I ______________________ I heard my mom’s voice，“What’s happening？”Unit5 Languages Around the worldⅠ.阅读单词1．billion n．十亿2．bone n．骨头；骨(质)3．shell n．壳；壳状物4．carve vt.& vi.雕刻5．dynasty n．王朝；朝代6．dialect n．地方话；方言7．CE(＝Common Era)公元8．tongue n．舌头；语言9．semester n．学期10．petrol n．(NAmE gas)汽油11．pants n．[pl.](BrE)内裤；短裤；(especially NAmE)裤子Ⅱ.重点单词1．native adj.出生地的；本地的；土著的 n．本地人2．attitude n．态度；看法3．system n．体系；制度；系统4．despite prep.即使；尽管5．factor n．因素；要素6．symbol n．符号；象征7．means n．方式；方法；途径8．classic adj.传统的；最优秀的；典型的 n．经典作品；名著9．regard n．尊重；关注 vt.把……视为；看待10．character n．文字；符号；角色；品质；特点11．calligraphy n．书法；书法艺术12．affair n．公共事务；事件；关系13．struggle n．& vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗14．subway n．(BrE underground)地铁15．apartment n．(especially NAmE)公寓套房16．gap n．间隔；开口；差距17．vocabulary n．词汇Ⅲ.拓展单词1．reference n．指称关系；参考→refer vi.提到；参考；查阅 vt.查询；叫……求助于2．based adj.以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的→base vt.以……为基础；以……为据点 n．底部；根据；总部→basis n．基础；基准→basic adj.基础的→basically adv.大体上；根本上3．variety n．(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化→vary v．变化；不同→various adj.各种各样的4．major adj.主要的；重要的；大的 n．主修课程；主修学生 vi.主修；专门研究→majority n．大多数5．global adj.全球的；全世界的→globe n．地球；地球仪6．appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi.增值→appreciation n．感激；欣赏→appreciative adj.感激的7．specific adj.特定的；明确的；具体的→specifically adv.特定地；明确地8．beg vt.恳求；祈求；哀求→beggar n．乞丐9．equal n．同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的→equally adv.平等地→equality n．平等10．demand n．要求；需求 vt.强烈要求；需要 vi.查问→demanding adj.要求高的11．description n．描写(文字)；形容→describe vt.描述12．relate vt.联系；讲述→related adj.相关的→relation/relationship n．联系，关系Ⅳ. 拔高词汇1．sticky /'stIki/ adj.黏的；闷热的；难办的2．attribute /'ætrIbjuːt/ n．属性；性质；特征 /ə'trIbjuːt/ vt.把……归因于；认为是……所为3．nutrient /'njuːtriənt；NAmE 'nuːtriənt/ n．营养素；营养物4．call forth使产生；引起5．circulate /'sɜːkjəleIt/ vi.& vt.循环；传播6．moisture /'mɔIstʃə(r)/ n．潮气；水汽；水分7．activate /'æktIveIt/ vt.使活动；激活8．bargain /'bɑːɡən/ vi.讨价还价9．the other way around相反；反过来10．forum /'fɔːrəm/n.论坛；讨论会Ⅴ.核心短语1．refer to指的是；描述；提到；查阅2．ups and downs浮沉；兴衰；荣辱3．date back (to...)追溯到4．point of view观点；看法5．relate to与……相关；涉及；谈到6．be known for因为……而著名7．at the beginning起初8．lead to导致9．play a role in在……中发挥作用10．have trouble with在……方面有困难11．get used to (doing) sth习惯于(做)某事12．depend on依靠，依赖Ⅵ.悟经典句式1．There are many reasons why this has been possible，but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system.(why引导的定语从句)这成为可能的原因颇多，但主要因素之一是汉字的书写体系。2．Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.(where引导的定语从句)秦始皇统一七个诸侯国后，在这个统一的国家里，汉字书写体系开始朝着一个方向发展。3．That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.(be of＋抽象名词)那种书写体系对于中国人民与中华文化的统一具有非凡的意义。4．Even today，no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing.(“no matter＋疑问词”引导的状语从句)即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。5．Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China’s present is connected with its past.(“介词＋which”引导的定语从句)汉字也成为连接中国现在与过去的一个重要媒介。6．As China plays a greater role in global affairs，an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China’s culture and history through this amazing language.(as引导的时间状语从句)随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。Ⅶ. 重点词汇讲解 INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 1. refer vi.提到；参考；查阅 vt.查询；叫……求助于(reference n．提及，涉及；指称关系；参考；参考书目)(1)There are varieties of _____________(refer) books which I am often confused to choose from.(2)剪纸通常用于装饰门窗，因此有时被称为窗花。(话题写作之传统文化)Generally，the paper-cuts are used to decorate doors and windows，and thus sometimes ___________________________________________________________________________.(3)我写信寻求你的关于什么样的中国传统文化最吸引外国友人的建议。(2021·全国甲，书面表达)I am writing to ask for your advice _________________________________________________.(4)我认为遇到新词就查阅字典是不可取的。As far as I am concerned，_______________________________ whenever you come across a new word. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 2. base vt.以……为据点；以……为基础 n．底部；根据[based adj.以(某事)为基础；以……为重要部分(特征)的 basic adj.基本的；基础的 basis n．基础 basically adv.大体上；基本上](1)On the __________(base) of what you show，I firmly believe that you can be qualified for the position.(2)Knowing that you are to visit a Chinese family this weekend，I am writing to inform you of some __________(base) table manners.(3)I suggest that you consider grouping students _________(base) on their language proficiency or learning style.(2023·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)(4)正如谚语所言：“独木难成林”，我们的成功是建立在与他人合作的基础上的。(读后续写之主旨升华)Just as the saying goes，“One tree doesn’t make a forest”，________________________________. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\3.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\3.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 3. major adj.主要的；重要的；大的 vi.主修，专门研究 n．主修课程；主修学生(majority n．大部分；大多数)(1)Inspired by the beauty of Chinese characters，I will major _________ calligraphy at university in the future.(2)有些人中途放弃了，但是大部分参赛者都成功跑到了终点。(2020·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)Some people gave up halfway，but _______________________ made it to the finishing line.(3)为我投票的人占大多数，因此我被选为学生会主席。Those who have voted for me _______________________，so I am elected as chairman of the Student Council. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 4. means n．方法；方式；途径(1)Every possible means_______________(try)，but none works perfectly.(2)Ancient people recorded what had happened _______means of carving varieties of symbols with specific meanings onto shells or bones.(3)没有你的慷慨帮助和指导，我决不能提高我的英语水平。________________________________without your generous help and guidance.(倒装句) INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\5.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\5.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 5. appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi.增值(appreciation n．欣赏；感激 appreciative adj.感激的；欣赏的)(1)如果你能尽早回复我，我将非常感激。(应用文写作之结尾句)①____________________________________ at your earliest convenience.(appreciate one’s doing)②________________________________________ at your earliest convenience.(I would appreciate it if...)(2)我写信表达我对你的感激之情，感谢我在伦敦逗留期间你为我所做的一切。(应用文写作之感谢信)________________________________ for what you have done for me during my stay in London.(3)我相信这次研讨会意义重大，因为它为学生提供了了解中国文化、欣赏中国文化之美的机会。(2023·天津6月)I believe this workshop is significant because it provides an opportunity for students _____________________________________________________________________________.6. equal n．同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；平等的；相当的；能胜任的 v．与……相等，等于；比得上 (equality n．平等；相等 equally adv.相等地；同等地；公平地；同样地)(1)From my point of view，Michael Jordan is ______________ equal in playing basketball.(2)首先，没人在英语口语方面比得过我。同样重要的是，我擅长与他人交流。因此，我坚信我能胜任博览会志愿者的工作。(应用文写作之申请信)Firstly，nobody can __________________.__________________________ is that I am good at communicating with others.So I hold the firm belief that _____________________ as a volunteer for the fair. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\7.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\7.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 7. demand n．需求；要求 vt.强烈要求；需要 vi.查问(demanding adj.要求高的)(1)Nowadays science graduates are ________ greater demand because advanced science has created more ____________(demand) jobs.(2)一些学生要求被提供更好的宿舍住宿条件。为了满足他们的需求，校董事会承诺会给他们配备空调和独立的卫生间，但是同时也要求他们要遵守使用规则。_______________________________ better living conditions in their dormitories._____________________，the school board promised to equip their rooms with air conditioners and private bathrooms，but demanded that _________________________________. INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\8.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT  INCLUDEPICTURE "D:\\2024\\英语\\人教通用 新教材\\8.TIF" \* MERGEFORMATINET 8. be of＋抽象名词 　That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.那种书写体系对于中国人民与中华文化的统一具有非凡的意义。(1)The majority of students consider that watching English movie is ______________(benefit) to their English learning.(2022·全国乙·书面表达)→The majority of students consider that watching English movie _______________ their English learning.(2)在我看来，保持在线学习和我们生活的平衡非常重要。(2021·全国乙，书面表达)From my point of view，keeping the balance between online learning and our life __________________________.(3)你给我们的建议证明很有价值。没有它我们就不可能实现我们的梦想。The advice you gave us proved to _____________________，without which we couldn’t have achieved our dreams.9. “no matter＋疑问词”引导的状语从句 　Even today，no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing.即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。(1)The gold medal will be awarded to ____________ wins first place in the bicycle race.(2)_____________ happens，there is always an approach to solving it in the end.(3)意志坚定的人会想尽一切办法来实现他们的目标，不管他们有多艰辛。A determined person will try all means to achieve their goals，____________________________.(4)无论你何时需要帮助，我真诚地希望你能毫不犹豫地跟我联系。______________________________，I sincerely hope that you can contact me without hesitation.prefer to do/doing喜欢做……prefer (doing) sth to (doing) sth相比(做)某事更喜欢(做)某事eq \b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(prefer to do...rather than do...,would do...rather than do...,would rather do...than do...))宁愿做……而不做……have a preference for对……偏爱with content满意地content oneself with满足于be content to do愿意做某事be content with...对……满足/满意(同义短语：be satisfied/happy/pleased with)confuse A and/with B把A 和B混淆be confused about对……感到迷惑in confusion不知所措；处于混乱状态recommend doing sth 建议做某事recommend sb to do sth 建议某人做某事recommend that sb (should) do sth 建议某人做某事recommend sth to sb 向某人推荐某物recommend sb as...推荐某人担任……be responsible for sth 对……负责take/shoulder/bear responsibility for sth 对……负责a sense of responsibility 责任感It is sb’s responsibility to do sth. 做某事是某人的职责。on schedule准时；按时间表ahead of schedule＝ahead of time提前a tight schedule日程紧be scheduled to do sth 预定/按计划做某事as scheduled按计划be attracted to喜爱，为……所吸引attract one’s attention/interest吸引某人的注意力/兴趣tourist attraction＝place of interest旅游胜地focus(...) on/upon集中(……)于(近义短语：concentrate on，center on，pay attention to，be absorbed in)the focus of...……的焦点此句型中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。类似句型还有：make＋it＋形容词/名词＋that从句make＋it＋useless/no use/no good/...＋doing sth常用于这种句型的动词还有consider，think，feel，find等。the next time作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“下一次……”。the first time，next time，every time，each time，the last time等都可以作连词，引导时间状语从句。the moment，the minute，the instant，the second等也可以引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就……”。apply (to sb) for sth (向某人)申请某物apply to do sth 申请做某事apply to sb/sth 适用于……apply sth to...把某物应用/涂抹于……apply oneself to (doing) sth 致力于/集中精力于(做)某事make arrangements/an arrangement for...为……做安排arrange to do sth 安排去做某事arrange for sb to do sth 安排某人做某事be recognised as/to be...被公认为……It is recognised that...人们公认……beyond/out of recognition认不出来contact sb at...通过(邮箱、电话等)与某人联系get into/make contact with和……取得联系stay/keep in contact with与……保持联系be out of/lose contact with与……失去联系make a request for请求；要求at sb’s request＝at the request of sb 应某人的请求、要求“要求某人做某事”的表达：request sb to do sthrequest that sb (should) do sthIt is requested that sb (should) do sth.in one’s view＝from one’s point of view在某人看来in view of考虑到；鉴于have a good view of...清楚地看到；饱览hold the view of/that...持有……观点view...as...把……看作……more than超过；不仅仅；非常no more than 仅仅；只不过no less than不少于rather than而不是or rather更确切地说强调句的基本句型：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分．强调句的一般疑问句：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？强调句的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分？not...until...结构的强调句型：It is/was not until...that...It’s an honour for sb to do sth. 对某人来说做某事很荣幸。feel it an honour to do sth 做某事感到荣幸in honour of...向……表示敬意；为纪念……be/feel honoured to do sth 做某事感到荣幸determine to do...决定做……(表示动作)determine on/upon (doing) sth 决定(做)某事be determined to do...决心做……(表示状态)do sb an injury(＝do an injury to sb)伤害某人the injured受伤的人；伤员get/be injured受伤failure作可数名词，意为“失败者，失败的事”；作不可数名词，意为“失败”。类似用法的词还有success，surprise，honour，difficulty等。fail to do sth 没做成某事compete with/against sb 和某人竞争compete for sth 为……而竞争compete in sth 在……中竞争in competition with 与……竞争pretend to be假装是pretend to do假装做某事pretend to be doing假装正在做某事pretend to have done假装已经做过某事pretend that...假装……give in (to)(向……)屈服，投降give out分发；用光；耗尽give away赠送；泄露give off散发(光和热等)give way to给……让路give sb a hand帮某人一个忙cut across穿过(某地)(尤指抄近路)cut in插嘴cut off中断；切掉；使隔绝cut up切碎cut down砍倒；削减；删节；缩小(尺寸、数量等)even if/though意为“尽管，即使”，引导让步状语从句。其引导的状语从句常用一般现在时表将来；当从句的主语和主句的主语一致，并且从句中含有be动词时，从句的主语和be动词一般可以省略。in shock吃惊，震惊to one’s shock令某人震惊的是be shocked at sth/that...对……感到震惊be shocked to do sth 因做某事而感到震惊be trapped in 被困在……trap sb into doing sth诱使某人做某事fall into/get out of a trap落入/摆脱圈套lay/set a trap (for)(为……)布下陷阱/设置圈套bury sth in把某物埋在……bury oneself in＝be buried in埋头于，专心于bury one’s face in one’s hands双手掩面suffer from患……病；受……苦suffer作及物动词时，意思同experience(体验；经历)，其后可跟pain，defeat，hardship等词作宾语；suffer from中的from表示原因，意为“因……而受苦”。survive on靠……存活下来survive sth 幸免于；从……中活下来A survives B (by＋时间) A比B活得长(……)be struck with/by被……所打动/袭击It strikes sb that...某人觉得……；某人突然想起……sth strikes sb 某人想到……on strike罢工表示“突然想到”的词汇还有hit，occur to等。as if/though引导表语从句时常放在look，seem等系动词之后。as if/though可以引导状语从句，表方式，如果从句所描述的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的，从句谓语用陈述语气；如果从句所描述的情况是不真实的或极少可能发生的，从句谓语用虚拟语气：与现在事实相反，用一般过去时(be动词一般用were)；与过去事实相反，用过去完成时；与将来事实相反，用would/could/might＋动词原形。句中when用作并列连词，意为“这时突然”。when表示“这时突然”之意，还常用于以下句型：be about to do...when...正要做……突然……had (just) done...when...刚做完……这时突然……refer to指的是；描述；提到；查阅refer...to...把……送交给……；让(人)参考……refer to...as...把……称作……in/with reference to sb/sth 关于reference book/material参考书/参考资料base...on/upon...把……建立在……的基础上be based on/upon...以……为基础on a daily/regular basis 每天/定期on the basis of在……的基础上major in主修……a/the majority of大多数in a/the majority占大多数a means of一种……的方法(means的单复数同形)by all means可以；当然行；没问题by means of借助……手段；依靠……方法by no means绝不，无论如何也不，一点都不(置于句首时，句子要部分倒装)appreciate (one’s) doing sth 喜欢/感激(某人)做某事I would appreciate it if...如果……我将不胜感激。express/convey one’s appreciation 表达某人的感激之情be without equal＝have no equal无与伦比be equal to sth/doing sth 等于/胜任(做)某事equal sb/sth in (doing) sth 在(做)某事上比得过、敌得过某人/物demand to do sth 要求做某事demand that...要求……(从句中的谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可省略)be in (great) demand需求量大meet/satisfy one’s demand(s)满足某人的需求“be of＋抽象名词”相当于“be＋形容词”，这一结构可以说明主语的性质。常见的抽象名词有importance，value，use，help，benefit，significance等，这些名词可用great，little，some，any，no，not，much等修饰，用以说明程度。“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，可放在主句前或主句后。whenever，wherever，however引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter when/where/how。whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句；在引导让步状语从句时相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。