[英语]2023北京人大附中高二(上)期中试卷(教师版)(2)

这是一份[英语]2023北京人大附中高二(上)期中试卷(教师版)(2)，共18页。试卷主要包含了5 分，共 15 分)， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。

英
语
说明：本试卷共三道大题，共 8 页，满分 100 分，考试时间 90 分钟;请在密封线内填写个人信
息。
第一部分：知识应用(共三节，43 分)
第一节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在
答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Sprts are imprtant in ur family. Bth f ur sns were high-schl athletes. S, I shuldn’t have been
____1____ when Lauren annunced she was ging ut fr the girls’ basketball team. But I was, because she has
Dwn syndrme(唐氏综合症). My wife and I never tld Lauren that she was ____2____. We treated her like ur
ther children. We didn’t want her t feel disabled.
“I’m gnna play basketball, Daddy.” Lauren ran t meet me when I came in frm wrk. She flew int my arms
and lingered lng in my embrace. “That’s ____3____, hney,” I patted her shulder and walked int the kitchen.
My wife spke slwly, her tne steady. “What Lauren’s trying t say is that she’s jining the girls’ high-schl
basketball team.” Her wrds ____4____ in. Everything that culd happen flashed thrugh my mind. But what culd
we d?
Mid-Nvember, the seasn’s first basketball game arrived. It gt ff t a gd start, but sn Verden, Lauren’s
team, was behind. Lauren ____5____ fllwed the mvement n the curt and reacted t every sht. Even thugh
she wasn’t playing, she lked as if she were having the time f her life.
Just less than tw minutes were left, and Verden was dwn by seventeen pints when Lauren was called in fr
the game! She ____6____ the thers fairly well. Frm her agile mvement and eager expressin, I knew she was
desperate t scre fr her team. Then they passed Lauren the ball. She ____7____ it. She sht. She scred! A few
minutes later, Lauren jined us in the stands. “Did yu see? I scred! I made a ____8____!”
Fr sixteen years, I’d tried hard t ____9____ Lauren frm feeling like she was different. But watching
Lauren in the game, I saw that she really was different—nt physically r emtinally, but _____10_____.
1. A. disappinted
2. A. nrmal
B. surprised
B. rdinary
B. strange
C. depressed
C. different
C. hard
D. embarrassed
D. typical
3. A. awful
D. nice
4. A. sank
B. pured
C. came
D. kicked
5. A. frequently
6. A. kept pace with
7. A. threw
B. carelessly
B. gave way t
B. missed
C. attentively
C. put up with
C. cast
D. repeatedly
D. brke away frm
D. caught
8. A. mistake
9. A. excuse
B. recrd
C. mess
D. basket
B. shelter
C. discurage
C. literally
D. prhibit
D. scially
10. A. cnsciusly
B. spiritually
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第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正
确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域内作答。
A
语法填空
If a sixth mass extinctin ccurs, scientists wh have studied the issue believe that up t three quarters f all
species n Earth culd die ut. Of curse, as we humans depend n s many species fr ur survival, we wuld als
be at risk f ____11____(die)ut. Our wrld and ur lives depend n the balance in nature ____12____ animals and
plants. Withut frests, we wuld have n air, and withut clean water we wuld be unable ____13____(survive).
B
语法填空
Mst peple believe when they are living ____14____(cmfrtable) and earning enugh mney, they will have
n wrries. Hwever, mst peple never feel they have earned enugh. Jasn Harley decided t drp ut f this kind
f lifestyle, and he discvered that having nly a little mney made him free. Are there any things he misses frm his
past? “N, I’m much ____15____(happy) nw, because I am living accrding t my values. Success is nt measured
by hw much mney yu have but by ____16____ yu understand the true meaning f life.”
C
语法填空
The Dutch in their early vyages t China used t barter(物物交换)the herb called sage fr tea. One f
____17____ earliest references t tea in England is fund in the diary f Samuel Pepys, ____18____ lived in Lndn
centuries ag. He said in his diary n the 25th f September 1660, “I did send fr a cup f tea(a Chinese drink), which
was nthing I ____19____(drink)befre.” Tea, at that time, was very expensive. It was during the 1700s that tea
____20____(cme)int use in England as a general drink.
第三节(共 13 小题;每小题 1 分，共 13 分)
请根据提示，选择合适的单词补全句子。
(一)
选词填空
A. refillable B. demanding C. ultimate D. reserved E. appreciative F. infrmative G. varied
21. He said it is still nt pssible t predict the __________ utcme.
22. T stay healthy, it is essential that yur diet is __________ and balanced.
23. Even thugh I’m quite a/an __________ persn, I like meeting peple.
24. In additin t learning new skills, _________ speakers als help peple acquire fascinating facts.
(二)
选词填空
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A. bil B. wrap C. absrb D. apply E. stimulate F. restre G. strive
25. The measures are intended t __________ the habitats f these black rbins.
26. What they want may __________ dwn t just ne thing - scial recgnitin.
27. Yu will pass yur exams if yu __________ yurself t yur schlwrk.
28. Parents shuld give children bks that __________ their interest.
(三)
选词填空
A. creature B. cnservatin C. institute D. campaign E. ease F. clarity G. manner
29. The envirnmental grup launched a new __________ t raise awareness abut climate change.
30. She had an ability t put peple at their __________.
31. I’m a prfessinal and I have t cnduct myself in a prfessinal __________.
32. Yur __________ f thughts can help yu mve frward.
33. He thught f trying fr a psitin in a research __________.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，30 分)
第一节(共 10 小题;每小题 2 分，共 20 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该
项涂黑。
A
My memries f my father are divided int parts and shares. Alive, and then dead. Healthy, and then helpless.
And further back in time, the first and mst divisin: Present and then absent; lving, and then indifferent.
He used t be a gd writer and lving father. When I was a 16-year-ld girl, he was fired frm his cmpany, a
public, gssip-based dismissal that he wuld spend decades refusing respnsibility fr. This was the first crack that
divided my relatinship with him int ples f befre and after. T escape his shame, he pushed away thse wh
reminded him f it, first divrcing my mther, then alienating my sister and I.
As an adult, my relatinship with my father was ne f lw expectatins and high bundaries. He spent mst
f his time travelling. But when he died f heart failure in August, I was kncked ff balance by the weight f the
blw. I thught, after years f setting up delicate fences arund ur relatinship, that I had already begun letting g.
His death delivered a realizatin: despite years f analyzing his cmplicated lve fr me, there were pieces f my
father I never understd—until I fund my father’s ntebks in his cupbard.
In the ntebks, he ften cllected dcumentatin: train tickets frm Rme r a phtgraph f San
Francisc’s Presctt Htel. But what he was als ding was ffering fatherly guidance, the kind I culd nly
receive after he died. His life, in which what he had was never quite enugh, was eventually expsed. In his final
decade, he realized he had built a castle fr himself upn sand and regret. Nw in his entries, I hear his vice.
“Debaleh,” I hear him say, using his pet name fr me, “learn frm my mistakes.”
I read these pages amng my dad’s clthes, and wept. I hadn’t knwn that my father, t, lived with that
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familiar ache fr new hrizns in his heart, the ne that can nly be cmfrted by traveling.
34. Why did the authr’s father keep away frm his family?
A. They weren’t respnsible members.
C. Their presence recalled his sad experience.
35. What advice did the authr’s father give her?
A. Writing a jurnal carefully.
B. He didn’t get n well with his wife.
D. They talked behind thers’ backs everywhere.
B. Travelling mre fr relaxatin.
C. Aviding fllwing in his ftsteps.
36. What made the authr end up crying?
A. Finding her father’s clthes.
D. Obeying father’s guidance thrughly.
B. Getting t knw her late father.
C. Failing t lk fr new hrizns.
D. Knwing her father’s heart disease.
B
Living in a city is a well-knwn risk factr fr develping a mental disrder, while living clse t nature is
largely beneficial fr mental health and the brain. A central brain regin, the amygdala (大脑杏仁核)invlved in
stress prcessing, has been shwn t be less activated during stress in peple living in rural areas, cmpared t
thse wh live in cities, hinting at the ptential benefits f nature. “But s far the hen-and-egg prblem culd nt be
reslved, namely whether nature actually caused the effects in the brain r whether the particular individuals chse
t live in rural r urban regins,” says Snja Sudimac.
T achieve causal evidence, the researchers frm the grup examined brain activity in regins invlved in
stress prcessing in 63 healthy vlunteers befre and after a ne-hur walk in Grunewald frest r a shpping street
with traffic in Berlin. The results revealed that activity in the amygdala decreased after the walk in nature,
suggesting that nature elicits beneficial effects n brain regins related t stress.
“The results supprt the previusly assumed psitive relatinship between nature and brain health, but this is
the first study t prve the causal link. Interestingly, the brain activity after the urban walk in these regins
remained stable and shwed n increases, which argues against a cmmnly held view that urban expsure causes
additinal stress,” explains Simne Kühn, head f the grup.
The authrs shw that nature has a psitive impact n brain regins invlved in stress prcessing and that it
can already be bserved after a ne-hur walk. This cntributes t the understanding f hw ur physical living
envirnment affects brain and mental health. Even a shrt expsure t nature decreases amygdala activity,
suggesting that a walk in nature culd serve as a preventive measure against develping mental health prblems
and reducing the ptentially disadvantageus impact f the city n the brain.
In rder t investigate beneficial effects f nature in different ppulatins and age grups, the researchers are
currently wrking n a study examining hw a ne-hur walk in natural versus urban envirnments impacts stress
in mthers and their babies.
37. What des the hen-and-egg prblem mean by Snja Sudimac?
A. Living in rural areas actually affects brain activity.
B. Peple in cities tend t have a higher risk f mental prblems.
C. It’s unnecessary t wrk ut the cmplex issue f stress and health.
D. It’s hard t clarify the impact f living envirnment n mental health.
38. Hw did researchers cllect evidence fr the study?
A. By quting authritative experts.
B. By interviewing healthy vlunteers.
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C. By researching n a previus thery.
39. What des the last paragraph mainly talk abut?
A. Benefits f a regular walk in nature.
C. An appeal fr living in urban regins.
D. By cmparing vlunteers’ amygdala activities.
B. The fcus f the fllw-up research.
D. Nature’s psitive effects n wmen and children.
C
In general, the sciety is becming ne f giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic (官僚主义的)
management in which man becmes a small, well-iled cg in the machinery. The iling is dne with higher wages,
well-equipped factries and piped music, and by psychlgists and “human-relatins” experts; yet all this iling
des nt change the fact that man has becme pwerless, that he des nt whleheartedly participate in his wrk
and he is bred with it. In fact, the blue-cllar and the white-cllar wrkers have becme ecnmic puppets wh
dance t the tune f autmated machines and bureaucratic management.
The wrker and emplyee are anxius, seemingly because they might find themselves ut f a jb r they
wuld say that they are unable t acquire any real satisfactin r interest in life. In fact, they feel desperate as they
live and die withut ever having cnfrnted the fundamental realities f human existence as emtinally and
intellectually independent and prductive human beings.
Thse higher up n the scial ladder are n less anxius. Their lives are n less empty than thse f their
subrdinates. They are even mre insecure in sme respects. They are in a highly cmpetitive race. T be prmted
r t fall behind is nt a matter f salary but even mre a matter f self-respect. When they apply fr their first jb,
they are tested fr intelligence as well as fr the right mixture f submissiveness and independence. Frm the
mment n they are tested again and again by the psychlgists, fr whm testing is a big business, and by their
superirs, wh judge their behavir, sciability, capacity t get alng, etc. This cnstant need t prve that ne is as
gd as r better than ne’s fellw-cmpetitr creates cnstant anxiety and stress, the very causes f unhappiness
and illness.
Am I suggesting a return t the pre-industrial mde f prductin r t nineteenth-century “free enterprise”
capitalism? Certainly nt. Prblems are never slved by returning t a stage which ne has already utgrwn. I
suggest transfrming the scial system frm a bureaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal
prductin and cnsumptin are ends in themselves int a humanist industrialism in which man and full
develpment f his ptentialities — thse f all lve and f reasn — are the aims f scial arrangements.
Prductin and cnsumptin shuld serve as means t this end, and shuld be prevented frm ruling man.
40. By “a small, well-iled cg in the machinery”, the authr expresses the idea that man is _________.
A. an essential part f sciety with irreplaceable functins
B. expected t wrk in reasnable harmny with the rest f sciety
C. an unimprtant cmpnent f sciety, thugh functining smthly
D. respnsible fr the smth running f sciety and business peratins
41. The real cause f the anxiety f the wrkers and emplyees is that _________.
A. they are filled with an verwhelming fear f being unemplyed
B. they dn’t have any genuine satisfactin r interest
C. they have t face the fundamental realities f human existence
D. they lack a sense f independence and prductivity
42. Which f the fllwing is clsest in meaning t the underlined wrd “submissiveness”?
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A. cautin
B. bedience
C. cmmitment
D. ptimism
43. What is the authr’s purpse in writing the text?
A. T intrduce the prductin mde f ur ancestrs.
B. T shw the prblematic situatin in sciety.
C. T argue fr full develpment f human ptentials.
D. T help peple escape prductin and cnsumptin.
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分，共 10 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项
涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There’s nthing like family. The peple we’re related t by bld and marriage are expected t be ur greatest
surces f lve and supprt. T ften, hwever, ur interactins with family are filled with misunderstanding and
resentment. Thse we shuld knw and be knwn by best, end up feeling like adversaries r strangers.
Family is where ur first and strngest emtinal memries are made, and that’s where they keep appearing.
And this is why emtinal intelligence(EQ)succeeds where ther effrts at family harmny fail. ____44____ The
suggestins ffered belw are transfrmed frm familiar reasnable advice, t highly effective methds fr bringing
yur family ever clser.
Lk t yurself first. A family is a system made up f interdependent individuals, but that desn’t mean yu
can blame yur family f rigin fr the way yu are tday ____45____ When yu act n the belief that yu have a
right and bligatin t assert yur wn emtinal needs, yur family will ntice that yur emtinal independence
benefits nt nly yu, but the whle family, and they may quickly fllw yur lead.
Recgnize that being clse desn’t mean being clnes. Smetimes family ties blind us t the uniqueness f thse
we lve. Pride in the family cntinuum can make it easy t frget that. Yu can’t be expected t have the same talents
as yur siblings, even thugh yu may lk a lt alike. ____46____
Cherish every stage f life in each family member. N matter hw well we understand that it can’t happen, we
desperately want Mm and Dad t stay the way they are, and fr the kids t stay hme frever. ____47____ Accept
the natural fear that yur parents’aging evkes but use yur emtinal awareness and empathy t figure ut hw yu
can cherish this mment fr its unique qualities. What can yu and yur parents share nw that wasn’t pssible in the
past? Can yu keep having fun and make sure everyne still feels useful and wrthy in the family supprt system?
____48____ Fully accepting yur fear f change can make it easier t ask questins that yu may have
cnsidered awkward in the past. Maybe yur parents are just waiting fr yur cue. Feel them ut. In a flexible, healthy
family dynamic, change is just ne f the many pprtunities yu have t enrich ne anther.
A. Yur best hpe fr fixing any family prblem is t attend yur wn emtinal health.
B. Yu wn’t necessarily chse t fllw in parent’s ftsteps.
C. It’s als imprtant t keep yur awareness active with family.
D. The best t accept that fact emtinally, is t embrace change.
E. Peple all change, and yet many seem t nly see change in themselves.
F. If yu’re nt sure what will wrk, ask.
G. Active awareness and empathy tell us hw t respnd t ne anther’s needs.
第三部分：书面表达(共两节，27 分)
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第一节(共 4 小题;第 49、50 小题各 2 分，第 51 小题 3 分，第 52 小题 5 分;共 12 分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
If yu listen t the stream f articles and pdcasts telling us hw t becme a billinaire in 10 easy steps, yu
might hld the belief that squeezing urselves dry each secnd f the day will bring happiness and success.
But this bsessin with prductivity is csting us. Even a car desn’t stay in the same gear the whle time. “We
are nt machines,” says psychlgist Prfessr Drew Dawsn. “Perfrmance declines as a functin f time, f task
and time f day.”
Instead f mments f bredm, where we might let ur minds wander and cme up with nvel slutins t
prblems and nvel ways f thinking, we seek cnstant stimulatin - and have a lwered tlerance fr bredm as a
result.
“It leads peple t a false assumptin that the wrld’s mst successful peple are literally making gd use f
every single minute,” Dawsn says. “That’s a myth. We’re nt hardwired t act that way as humans, and it’s a gd
recipe fr burnut.”
COVID-19, fr a variety f reasns, has led peple t questin and even pt ut f this myth. “Wh wants t lie
n their deathbed ging, ‘I wish I’d been mre prductive’?” Dawsn says. “Pst-COVID, peple are starting t say,
‘what am I lsing cmpared t what am I gaining?’”
S, if nt mre prductivity, what shuld we be aiming fr?
·Get ur pririties straight.
A life spent chasing the state f being able t d everything is less meaningful than a life f fcusing n a few
things that cunt. We can reflect n five things that matter mst t us and lead a life arund them. Once clear n them,
we als becme clear n where t direct ur attentin and what t say “n” t.
·Enjy dwntime(停工期)fr its wn sake
Glrifying prductivity can blind us t the value f ther parts f ur lives, including bredm, cnnectin,
creativity and play. But activities in ur lives dn’t need t always be prductive r wrthwhile-enjying an activity
is reasn enugh t spend time n it.
We weren’t meant t be prductive all the time, s stp cnstantly struggling, and start chilling.
49. What des “bsessin with prductivity” refer t in the passage?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
___
50. Hw has COVID-19 changed the situatin accrding t the passage?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
___
51. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
It is mre meaningful t fcus n a few things that cunt in life, s we can reflect n five things in ur life t
say “n” t.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
___
52. D yu agree with the statement “enjying an activity is reasn enugh t spend time n it”? Why r why
nt?(In abut 40 wrds)
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____________________________________________________________________________________________
___
第二节(15 分)
注意：不要在作文答题区域之外作答。
53. 假设你是红星中学高二一班班长李华。作为“中轴线文化之旅”活动的一部分，年级拟在下周五组织学
生参观前门大街，请你用英文给你班交换生 Jim 写一封电子邮件，邀请他参加该活动，内容包括：
1.介绍活动安排；
2.说明邀请理由；
3.提醒注意事项。
注意：1.词数 100 左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词：中轴线 The Central Axis
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________
Yurs,
Li Hua
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参考答案
第一部分：知识应用(共三节，43 分)
第一节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. D 9. B 10. B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位女孩劳伦，她有唐氏综合症，但是她的父母一直以来都没有
告诉她这个事实，并且对她和其他孩子一样对待。Laure表现出对篮球的兴趣，并加入了女子篮球队。在一
场比赛中，虽然她被叫上场的时间很短，但她成功地投篮得分，这让她感到非常自豪。通过这次比赛，父
亲意识到劳伦的不同之处不仅仅是身体和情感上的，而是她对生活的态度。
【1 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以，当劳伦宣布她要参加女子篮球队时，我不应该感到惊讶。A.
disappinted 沮丧的；B. surprised 惊讶的；C. depressed 沮丧的；D. embarrassed 尴尬的。根据“But I was,
because she has Dwn syndrme”可知，对于正常的孩子来说参加篮球队是不应该感到惊讶的，但因为劳伦
有唐氏综合征，她要参加篮球队这是让作者惊讶的。故选 B。
【2 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和妻子从未告诉劳伦她与众不同。A. nrmal 正常的；B. rdinary 普通的；
C. different 不同的；D. typical 典型的。根据“We treated her like ur ther children. We didn’t want her t feel
disabled.”可知，作者和妻子从未告诉劳伦她与众不同，作者对待她与对待其他的孩子是一样的。故选
C。
【3 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：太好了，亲爱的。A. awful 糟糕的；B. strange 奇怪的；C. hard 困难的；D.
nice 愉快的。根据““I’m gnna play basketball, Daddy.””可知，劳伦告诉作者其要参加篮球队，作为父
亲，作者表示赞同。故选 D。
【4 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的话被理解了。A. sank 沉入，被理解；B. pured 倾倒；C. came 来到；D.
kicked 踢。根据““What Lauren’s trying t say is that she’s jining the girls’ high-schl basketball team.””可
知，作者理解了劳伦的话即劳伦想说的是她要加入女子高中篮球队。故选 A。
【5 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：劳伦专注地注视着场上的动作，对每一个投篮都做出反应。A. frequently 经常
地；B. carelessly 不小心地；C. attentively 注意地；D. repeatedly 反复的。根据“reacted t every sht”可
知，劳伦专注地注视着场上的动作，对每一个投篮都做出反应。故选 C。
【6 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她能跟上其他人步调，跟的相当好。A. kept pace with 跟上；B. gave way t 让
位给；C. put up with 忍受；D. brke away frm 逃离。根据“the thers fairly well”可知，她能跟上其他人
步调，跟的相当好。故选 A。
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【7 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她抓住了球。A. threw 投掷；B. missed 错过；C. cast 投掷；D. caught 抓住。根
据“Then they passed Lauren the ball.”可知，队友们把球传给了劳伦，劳伦接住了球即抓住了球。故选
D。
【8 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我投进球了！A. mistake 错误；B. recrd 记录；C. mess 混乱；D. basket 投篮得
分。根据“I scred!”可知，劳伦进球了。故选 D。
【9 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：16 年来，我一直努力不让劳伦觉得自己与众不同。A. excuse 借口；B. shelter 提
供保护；C. discurage 使泄气；D. prhibit 禁止。根据“frm feeling like she was different”可知，作者一直
努力不让劳伦觉得自己与众不同。故选 B。
【10 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但看着比赛中的劳伦，我发现她真的与众不同——不是身体上的，也不是情感
上的，而是精神上的。A. cnsciusly 有意识地；B. spiritually 精神上地；C. literally 文字地；D. scially 社
交地。根据“nt physically r emtinally”可知，看着比赛中的劳伦，作者发现她真的与众不同——不是
身体上的，也不是情感上的，而是精神上的。故选 B。
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分)
【答案】11. dying
12. between
13. t survive
【导语】这是一篇说明文。如果发生第六次物种大灭绝，地球上多达四分之三的物种可能会灭绝。人与自
然之间紧密联系，作者呼吁我们人类要保护环境，做到人与自然和谐相处。
【11 题详解】
考查动名词。句意：当然，由于我们人类依赖如此多的物种生存，我们也将面临灭绝的风险。介词 f 后需
接动名词作宾语。故填 dying。
【12 题详解】
考查介词。句意：我们的世界和我们的生命依赖于自然界动植物之间的平衡。由空后“ animals and plants”
可知，此处需用介词 between，在……之间，固定搭配。故填 between。
【13 题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：没有森林，我们就没有空气，没有干净的水，我们就无法生存。be
d sth.不能做某事，固定搭配。故填 t survive。
unable t
【答案】14. cmfrtably
15. happier
16. hw
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了 Jasn Harley 放弃传统舒适生活的经历，发现拥有少量金钱反而
让他感到自由和幸福，他认为成功不仅仅是拥有多少钱，还要理解生活的真正意义。
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【14 题详解】
考查副词。句意：大多数人认为当他们生活舒适，赚足够的钱时，他们就没有烦恼了。分析句子，设空处
使用 cmfrtable 的副词 cmfrtably 作状语，修饰动词 living，意为“舒服地”。故填 cmfrtably。
【15 题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：不，我现在快乐多了，因为我按照自己的价值观生活。分析句子，设空处使用
形容词作表语，此处表示与之前的状态相比“更快乐”故使用形容词 happy 的比较级。故填 happier。
【16 题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：成功不是用你有多少钱来衡量的，而是看你如何理解生活的真谛。分析句子，设
空处引导的是宾语从句，引导词在从句中作状语，根据句意，此处表示“如何”用 hw。故填 hw。
【答案】17. the
18. wh 19. had drunk
20. came
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了茶叶在欧洲的发展史。
【17 题详解】
考查冠词。句意：英国最早提到茶的记载之一是几个世纪前住在伦敦的塞缪尔·佩皮斯(Samuel Pepys)的日
记。ne f+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，表示“最……之一”，固定搭配，所以空处需用定冠词 the。
故填 the。
【18 题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：同上。空处需用关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是 Samuel Pepys，指人，关
系词在定语从句中作主语，所以空处需用关系代词 wh 引导定语从句；关系代词 that 不用于非限制性定语
从句中。故填 wh。
【19 题详解】
考查时态。句意：我确实要了一杯茶(一种中国饮料)，这是我以前从未喝过的。由主句谓语动词前的助动
词 did(表示强调)和空后时间状语 befre 可知，此处表示“过去的过去”，谓语动词需用过去完成时态：had
dne。故填 had drunk。
【20 题详解】
考查时态。句意：在 18 世纪，茶开始在英国被当作一种普遍的饮料来使用。由时间状语 during the 1700s
可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时，表示过去发生的事情。故填 came。
第三节(共 13 小题;每小题 1 分，共 13 分)
【答案】21. C 22. G
23. D 24. F
【21 题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他说，目前还无法预测最终结果。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作定语，修饰名词，
根据句意，表示“最终的”用 ultimate。故选 C。
【22 题详解】
考查形容词。句意：为了保持健康，饮食多样化和均衡是很重要的。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作表
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语，表示“多样的”用 varied。故选 G。
【23 题详解】
考查形容词。句意：虽然我是个很内向的人，但我喜欢与人交往。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作定语，
表示“内向的”用 reserved。故选 D。
【24 题详解】
考查形容词。句意：除了学习新技能，有启发性的演讲者还帮助人们掌握有趣的事实。分析句子，设空处
使用形容词作定语，修饰名词，infrmative 意为“有启发性的”，符合句意。故选 F。
【答案】25. F 26. A
27. D 28. E
【25 题详解】
考查动词。句意：这些措施旨在恢复这些黑知更鸟的栖息地。分析句子，设空处使用动词与空前的 t 构成
不定式结构。根据句意，表示“恢复，修复”用 restre。故选 F。
【26 题详解】
考查动词。句意：他们想要的可能归结为一件事——社会认可。分析句子，设空处置于情态动词 may 之
后，故应该使用动词原形。根据句意，表示“归纳为”用 bil dwn。故选 A。
【27 题详解】
考查动词。句意：如果你专心学习，你会通过考试的。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句中 if 引导条
件状语从句符合主将从现。根据句意，表示“专心致志于某事”用 apply neself t。故选 D。
【28 题详解】
考查动词。句意：父母应该给孩子们一些能激发他们兴趣的书。分析句子，设空处使用动词作 that 引导定
语从句的谓语动词，根据句意，此处表示“激发，刺激”用 stimulate，同时句子表述客观事实，故使用一
般现在时。故选 E。
【答案】29. D 30. E
31. G 32. F
33. C
【29 题详解】
考查名词。句意：环保组织发起了一项新的运动，以提高人们对气候变化的认识。分析句子结构可知，空
处需要名词作 launched 的宾语。campaign 为名词“运动(为社会、商业或政治目的而进行的一系列有计划
的活动) ”，为名词。符合句意。故选 D。
【30 题详解】
考查名词。句意：她有能力让人们放心。根据空前的 their 可知，空处需要名词。ease 为名词“安逸”，符
合句意。put sb. at ease“让某人放心”。故选 E。
【31 题详解】
考查名词。句意：我是专业人士，我必须以专业的方式行事。根据空前的形容词 prfessinal 可知，空处需
要名词。根据“I’m a prfessinal”可知，我必须以专业的方式行事。manner 为名词“方式，方法”，符
合句意。in a…manner“用……方式”。故选 G。
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【32 题详解】
考查名词。句意：清晰的思路可以帮助你前进。根据空前的 yur 可知，空处需要名词在句中作主语。根据
“can help yu mve frward”可知，清晰的思路可以帮助你前进。clarity 为名词“清晰”，符合句意。故
选 F。
【33 题详解】
考查名词。句意：他想在一家研究所谋一个职位。根据“He thught f trying fr a psitin”可知，他想在
研究所找一个工作。institute 为名词“机构”，符合句意。故选 C。
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，30 分)
第一节(共 10 小题;每小题 2 分，共 20 分)
【答案】34. C 35. C 36. B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的父亲曾经是一位优秀的作家和慈爱的父亲，但是由于一
些不愉快的经历，父亲选择疏远家人，直到作者的父亲去世，作者阅读父亲的记录，才开始了解父亲。
【34 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“When I was a 16-year-ld girl, he was fired frm his cmpany, a public, gssip-based
dismissal that he wuld spend decades refusing respnsibility fr. This was the first crack that divided my
relatinship with him int ples f befre and after. T escape his shame, he pushed away thse wh reminded him
f it, first divrcing my mther, then alienating my sister and I.(当我还是个 16 岁的女孩时，他被公司解雇了，
这是一次公开的、基于流言蜚语的解雇，几十年来他一直拒绝为此承担责任。这是把我和他的关系分成前
后两极的第一个裂痕。为了逃避羞耻感，他赶走了那些提醒他的人，先是和我母亲离婚，然后疏远了我和
妹妹)”可知，作者的父亲远离他的家人是因为他们的出现使他想起了悲伤的经历。故选 C。
【35 题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““Debaleh,” I hear him say, using his pet name fr me, “learn frm my
mistakes.”(“德巴勒，”我听到他说，用他对我的爱称，“从我的错误中吸取教训。”)”可知，作者的父
亲建议作者不要步他的后尘。故选 C。
【36 题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“I read these pages amng my dad’s clthes, and wept. I hadn’t knwn that my
father, t, lived with that familiar ache fr new hrizns in his heart, the ne that can nly be cmfrted by
traveling.(我在父亲的衣服中间读着这些信，哭了起来。我不知道我的父亲也生活在他心中那种熟悉的对新
视野的渴望中，那种只有旅行才能得到安慰的渴望)”可知，了解她已故的父亲让作者最后哭了。故选 B。
【答案】37. D 38. D 39. B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项关于自然对人大脑产生的影响的研究结果。研究发现，接近自
然环境会使与压力相关的大脑区域杏仁核的活动减少，因此对大脑和心理健康有益。研究人员目前正在进
行一项研究，探究自然环境对母亲和婴儿的压力的影响方式。
【37 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“But s far the hen-and-egg prblem culd nt be reslved, namely whether nature
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actually caused the effects in the brain r whether the particular individuals chse t live in rural r urban
regins(但是到目前为止，母鸡和蛋的问题还没有得到解决，也就是说，到底是大自然对大脑产生了影响，
还是特定的个体选择生活在农村还是城市地区)”可知，Snja Sudimac 的“母鸡和鸡蛋的问题”意味着生
活环境对精神健康的影响很难说清楚。故选 D。
【38 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“T achieve causal evidence, the researchers frm the grup examined brain activity in
regins invlved in stress prcessing in 63 healthy vlunteers befre and after a ne-hur walk in Grunewald frest
r a shpping street with traffic in Berlin. The results revealed that activity in the amygdala decreased after the
walk in nature, suggesting that nature elicits beneficial effects n brain regins related t stress.(为了获得因果证
据，该小组的研究人员对 63 名健康志愿者在格鲁内瓦尔德森林或柏林交通繁忙的购物街散步一小时前后
的大脑活动进行了检查。结果显示，在大自然中散步后，杏仁核的活动减少了，这表明大自然对大脑中与
压力相关的区域产生了有益的影响)”可知，研究人员通过比较志愿者的杏仁核活动来为这项研究收集证
据。故选 D。
【39 题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“In rder t investigate beneficial effects f nature in different ppulatins and age
grups, the researchers are currently wrking n a study examining hw a ne-hur walk in natural versus urban
envirnments impacts stress in mthers and their babies.(为了调查自然对不同人群和年龄组的有益影响，研究
人员目前正在进行一项研究，研究在自然环境和城市环境中散步一小时对母亲和婴儿的压力有何影响)”可
知，最后一段主要讲的是后续研究的重点。故选 B。
【答案】40. C 41. D 42. B 43. C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章探讨了现代社会中工人、雇员以及社会阶层较高者的焦虑和不满情绪，
呼吁转变社会制度，充分开发人类潜能，使生产和消费成为实现人的全面发展的手段。
【40 题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“In general, the sciety is becming ne f giant enterprises directed by a
bureaucratic (官僚主义的) management in which man becmes a small, well-iled cg in the machinery. The
iling is dne with higher wages, well-equipped factries and piped music, and by psychlgists and “human-
relatins” experts; yet all this iling des nt change the fact that man has becme pwerless, that he des nt
whleheartedly participate in his wrk and he is bred with it.(总的来说，社会正在变成一个由官僚管理层管理
的巨型企业，在这个企业中，人变成了机器中一个小小的、运转良好的齿轮。给齿轮“加油”是通过更高
的工资、设备精良的工厂和管弦乐，以及心理学家和“人际关系”专家完成的)”和“In fact, the blue-cllar
and the white-cllar wrkers have becme ecnmic puppets wh dance t the tune f autmated machines and
bureaucratic management.(事实上，蓝领工人和白领工人已经成为经济的傀儡，随着自动化机器和官僚管理
的曲调起舞)”可推知，作者认为人只是机器中一个小小的、运转良好的齿轮，是经济的傀儡，受到自动化
机器和官僚管理的支配，虽然运行平稳，但并不重要。故选 C。
【41 题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“In fact, they feel desperate as they live and die withut ever having cnfrnted the
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fundamental realities f human existence as emtinally and intellectually independent and prductive human
beings.(事实上，他们感到绝望是因为他们从来没有作为情感和智力上独立的和有生产力的人去面对人类生
存的基本现实)”可知，工人和雇员焦虑的真正原因是他们缺乏独立意识和生产力。故选 D。
【42 题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“When they apply fr their first jb, they are tested fr intelligence as well as fr
the right mixture f submissiveness and independence.(当他们申请第一份工作时，他们接受智力测试，以及是
否能把 submissiveness 和独立正确地结合起来的测试)”中“tested fr”可知，句中谈论的是对应聘者的相
关 测 试 。 结 合 划 线 词 前 “the right mixture...” 和 其 后 “independence” 可 推 知 ，submissiveness 与
independence(独立)是应聘者需要兼有的两种 特质，应聘者在两者之间需要找到平衡点。结合选项可推知，
submissiveness 与 bedience 同义，意为“服从”，与 independence(独立)意思相对。故选 B 项。
【43 题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I suggest transfrming the scial system frm a bureaucratically managed
industrialism in which maximal prductin and cnsumptin are ends in themselves int a humanist industrialism in
which man and full develpment f his ptentialities — thse f all lve and f reasn — are the aims f scial
arrangements. Prductin and cnsumptin shuld serve as means t this end, and shuld be prevented frm ruling
man.(我建议将社会制度从以最大限度生产和消费为目的的官僚管理的工业主义转变为以人及其潜能——所
有爱和理性的潜能——的充分发展为社会安排目标的人道主义工业主义。生产和消费应该作为达到这一目
的的手段，而不应该支配人)”可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是主张充分开发人类潜能。故选 C 项。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分，共 10 分)
【答案】44. G 45. A 46. B 47. D 48. F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何提高家庭和谐的重要性，以及如何通过情商来实现这一
目标。
【44 题详解】
根据前文“And this is why emtinal intelligence(EQ)succeeds where ther effrts at family harmny fail. (这就
是为什么情商(EQ)能成功，而其他家庭和谐的努力却失败了。)”可知，此处强调的是情商能够有助于家庭
和谐。后文应该对此进行解释。G 选项“Active awareness and empathy tell us hw t respnd t ne anther’s
needs.(积极的意识和同理心告诉我们如何回应彼此的需求。)”中的“积极的意识和同理心”能够告诉我们
如何回应家庭成员的需求，其属于 EQ 的具体体现，因此 EQ 能够有助于家庭和谐，与前文呼应。故选
G。
【45 题详解】
根据前文“Lk t yurself first. (先看看你自己)”可知，此处强调的是从自己着手，不要把今天自己的样
子归咎于原生家庭。A 选项“Yur best hpe fr fixing any family prblem is t attend yur wn emtinal
health.(解决家庭问题的最大希望是关注自己的情绪健康。)”中“关注自己的情绪健康”与前文呼应，即关
注自己的情绪问题是能够解决家庭问题的最大希望。故选 A。
【46 题详解】
根据本段段旨“Recgnize that being clse desn’t mean being clnes.(认识到亲密并不意味着克隆人。)”以
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及“Yu can’t be expected t have the same talents as yur siblings, even thugh yu may lk a lt alike. (即使你
和你的兄弟姐妹长得很像，你也不能指望拥有和他们一样的才能。)”可知，虽然与兄弟姐妹有着亲密的关
系，但不意味着你们是一样的。B 选项“Yu wn’t necessarily chse t fllw in parent’s ftsteps.( 你并不
一定会选择追随父母的脚步。)”承接前文指出，虽然家人们是亲密的，但是不一定会有着同样的才能，也
不一定会选择追随亲人的脚步，故 B 选项符合语境。故选 B。
【47 题详解】
根据后文“ Accept the natural fear that yur parents’ aging evkes but use yur emtinal awareness and empathy
t figure ut hw yu can cherish this mment fr its unique qualities.(接受父母变老带来的自然恐惧，但运用
你的情感意识和同理心，想想如何珍惜这一刻，因为它的独特品质。)”可知要学会接受父母变老带来的自
然恐惧，运用情感意识和同理心珍惜当下的一刻。D 选项“The best t accept that fact emtinally, is t
embrace change.(从情感上接受这个事实的最好方式，就是拥抱改变。)”引起下文，指出最好的方式就是要
接受改变，与下文的“ Accept the natural fear”形成呼应，符合语境。故选 D。
【48 题详解】
根据下文“Fully accepting yur fear f change can make it easier t ask questins that yu may have cnsidered
awkward in the past.(充分接受自己对变化的恐惧可能会让你更容易提出过去可能认为尴尬的问题。)”可
知，此处强调接受变化的恐惧，能够让自己更能大胆地提出问题即强调大胆的提出问题，确定到底何种方
式起作用。F 选项“If yu’re nt sure what will wrk, ask.(如果你不确定什么会起作用，那就去问。)”与下
文呼应，指出如果遇到不确定什么起作用则大胆询问，符合语境。故选 F。
第三部分：书面表达(共两节，27 分)
第一节(共 4 小题;第 49、50 小题各 2 分，第 51 小题 3 分，第 52 小题 5 分;共 12 分)
【答案】49. The belief that squeezing urselves dry each secnd f the day will bring happiness and success.
50. It has led peple t questin and even pt ut f the false assumptin that the wrld’s mst successful peple are
literally making gd use f every single minute
51. It is mre meaningful t fcus n a few things that cunt in life, s we can reflect n five things in ur life
________.
Accrding t the passage, we can reflect n five things that matter mst in ur life and lead a life arund them.
52. Yes , I agree. Because enjying an activity t spend time n it culd bring us happiness and satisfactin, which
are key t mtivatin and purpse , and which als make us psitive, ptimistic, and enjy life's gd mments.
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。这篇文章探讨了当今社会对于高效生产力的过度追求，以及过度追求生产力
对我们的损害。作者认为，我们人类并不是机器，无法一直保持高效状态，追求每一分钟都充分利用的观
念是错误的，甚至有可能导致身心疲惫。因此，作者提倡我们应该明确我们的重点，并围绕这些重点来规
划生活，同时也应该享受闲暇时间的乐趣，不一味追求生产力。
【49 题详解】
考查词义猜测。根据第一段中“If yu listen t the stream f articles and pdcasts telling us hw t becme a
billinaire in 10 easy steps, yu might hld the belief that squeezing urselves dry each secnd f the day will bring
happiness and success.(如果你听大量的文章和播客告诉我们如何在 10 个简单的步骤中成为亿万富翁，你可
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能会相信每天的每一秒都把自己榨干会带来幸福和成功。)”以及第二段中“But this bsessin with
prductivity is csting us. (但这种对生产力的痴迷正在让我们付出代价。)”可知，“对生产力的痴迷”指的
是“每天每一秒都把自己榨干的信念会带来幸福和成功。”故答案为 The belief that squeezing urselves dry
each secnd f the day will bring happiness and success.
【50 题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第四段““It leads peple t a false assumptin that the wrld’s mst successful peple are
literally making gd use f every single minute,” Dawsn says. (道森说：“这让人们产生了一个错误的假
设，认为世界上最成功的人确实是在充分利用每一分钟。”)”以及第五段“COVID-19, fr a variety f
reasns, has led peple t questin and even pt ut f this myth.(由于各种原因，COVID-19 导致人们质疑甚至
选择退出这个神话。)”可知，新冠疫情让人们质疑甚至放弃了一个错误的假设，即世界上最成功的人确实
是在充分利用每一分钟。故答案为 It has led peple t questin and even pt ut f the false assumptin that the
wrld’s mst successful peple are literally making gd use f every single minute.
【51 题详解】
考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“A life spent chasing the state f being able t d everything is less meaningful
than a life f fcusing n a few things that cunt. We can reflect n five things that matter mst t us and lead a life
arund them. Once clear n them, we als becme clear n where t direct ur attentin and what t say “n”
t.(过度追求能做一切的状态的生活比起专注于几件重要事物的生活缺乏意义。我们可以反思五件对我们最
重要的事情，并围绕它们过上生活。一旦明确了这些事情，我们也就明确了应该将注意力放在哪里，对什
么事情说“不”。)”可知，我们可以反思五件对我们最重要的事情，并围绕它们过上生活。一旦明确了这
些事情，我们也就明确了应该将注意力放在哪里，对什么事情说“不”。根据题干“It is mre meaningful
t fcus n a few things that cunt in life, s we can reflect n five things in ur life t say “n” t.(更有意义的是
专注于生活中重要的几件事情，因此我们可以反思一下生活中要拒绝的五件事情。)”可知，题干强调的是
我们可以反思一下生活中要拒绝的五件事情，后半部分与原文信息不符，原文强调的是“可以反思五件对
我们最重要的事情，并围绕它们过上生活”。故答案为 Accrding t the passage, we can reflect n five things
that matter mst in ur life and lead a life arund them.
【52 题详解】
开放式问题。根据题干“D yu agree with the statement “enjying an activity is reasn enugh t spend time
n it”? (你是否同意“享受一项活动就是足够的理由去投入时间吗？”这一说法？)”可知，回答言之成理
即可。本人认为：我同意这种说法，享受一项活动能够为我们带来快乐和满足感，这恰恰是我们追求幸福
和满足感的基石，为我们提供了生活的动力和目标。当我们感到快乐和满足时，我们会更加积极、乐观地
面对生活中的挑战和困难，也会更加珍惜和享受生活中的美好时刻。故答案为：Yes , I agree. Because
enjying an activity t spend time n it culd bring us happiness and satisfactin, which are key t mtivatin and
purpse , and which als make us psitive, ptimistic, and enjy life's gd mments.
第二节(15 分)
注意：不要在作文答题区域之外作答。
53. 【答案】Dear Jim,
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I’m writing t invite yu t participate in a cultural tur t Qianmen Street next Friday as part f ur “Central
Axis Culture Tur” activity.
The event is scheduled fr next Friday, and we will be visiting Qianmen Street, a histrical and culturally rich
area. Additinally, we will have the pprtunity t explre sme f the unique shps and restaurants. Nt nly will
this trip prvide yu with an immersive experience f Chinese culture, but it will als be a great pprtunity t bnd
with yur classmates. Remember t bring yur student ID, as it will be required fr entry.
I lk frward t seeing yu n the trip!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生用英文给交换生 Jim 写一封电子邮件，邀请他参加“中轴线
文化之旅”活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：participate in→take part in
此外：additinally→besides
记住：remember→keep in mind
机会：pprtunity→chance
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Additinally, we will have the pprtunity t explre sme f the unique shps and restaurants.
拓展句：Additinally, we will have the pprtunity t explre sme f the unique shps and restaurants, which will
allw us t experience the lcal culture and cuisine.
【点睛】[高分句型 1] Additinally, we will have the pprtunity t explre sme f the unique shps and
restaurants. (运用了不定式作后置定语)
[高分句型 2] Nt nly will this trip prvide yu with an immersive experience f Chinese culture, but it will als be
a great pprtunity t bnd with yur classmates. (nt als 连接句子时，nt nly 位于句首，该部分用
部分倒装)
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