[英语]江苏省南通市如皋市2024-2025学年高三上学期期初调研测试月考试卷(解析版)

这是一份[英语]江苏省南通市如皋市2024-2025学年高三上学期期初调研测试月考试卷(解析版)，共21页。

第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Hw many schl supplies des the by need?
A. Three. B. Fur. C. Five
2. Why des Mike make a stp?
A. He needs t rest. B. It is the lunchtime. C. The mtrcycle brke dwn.
3. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. The weather. B. Their favrite seasns. C. A plan fr this week.
4. What is the news abut San Jsé?
A. There is the best public transprtatin.
B. It will take measures t ban cars.
C. All Electric Buses will be replaced.
5. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Waitress and custmer. C. Mther and sn.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟; 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why des the man phtgraph the same tree every day?
A. T evke memries frm the past.
B. T exhibit the phts in the neighbrhd.
C. T shw its changes thrugh different seasns.
7 Which pht des the man like best?
A. The ne taken in spring. B. The ne taken in summer. C. The ne taken in winter.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. what des the wman say abut her new jb?
A. It’s very challenging. B. It’s clser in distance. C. It’s similar t her ld jb.
9. What will the man d tnight?
A. Design cmmercials.
B. Have dinner with the wman.
C. Read articles abut gd restaurants.
听第8段材料，回答第 10至 12 题。
10. When will the machine be available?
A. On Mnday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Thursday.
11. What is the requirement fr repair?
A. An agreement. B. A receipt. C. Sme mney.
12. What kind f service is ffered abut the machine?
A. It can be returned within 5 days.
B. It can be delivered free f charge.
C. It can be exchanged within 14 days.
听第9段材料，回答第 13至 16 题。
13. Where des Mr, King wrk nw?
A. At a cllege. B, At a wildlife park. C. At a research center.
14. Hw des the wman sund when hearing abut the finding?
A. Surprised. B. Wrried. C. Prud.
15. Hw d African wild dgs vte?
A. By sneezing. B. By swinging tails. C. By reaching ut paws.
16. When did Mr. King prbably leave Btswana?
A. On March 10th. B. On March 12th. C. On March 24th.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. What subject d the listeners prbably majr in?
A. English. B. Histry. C. Music.
18. Where will the listeners g n July 5th?
A. A castle. B.A stately hme. C. A museum.
19. Hw lng is the canteen pen n Fridays?
A. 5.5 hurs. B 4.5 hurs. C. 3 hurs.
20. What is Mrs. Green in charge f?
A. The canteen. B. The recreatin center. C. The accmmdatin.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The High Schl Creatr Exp is a melting pt f hands-n activities, interactive demnstratins, and educatinal wrkshps that bring the wnders f science and technlgy t life.
Highlights:
* Engage with cutting-edge technlgies such as virtual reality, augmented reality, and rbtics. Explre hw these technlgies are shaping ur wrld and inspiring new ways f learning, creating, and cmmunicating.
* Participate in wrkshps led by industry experts and educatrs, where yu'll learn hw t cde, design apps, build circuits, and create yur wn tech prjects. These sessins are designed t spark yur creativity and fster a lve fr prblem-slving.
* Meet prfessinals frm varius fields f technlgy, including sftware develpment engineering, data science, and cybersecurity. They’ll share their experiences, ffer advice n career paths, and answer yur questins, helping yu chart yur tech-driven future.
* Shwcase yur skills in cding cmpetitins, rbtics challenges, and ther tech-themed events. Cmpete against fellw students, win prizes, and gain valuable experience that can help yu stand ut in cllege applicatins and future jb interviews.
* Cnnect with like-minded students, educatrs, and industry prfessinals. Make new friends, build yur netwrk, and discver ptential mentrs wh can guide yu n yur tech jurney.
The High schl Creatr Exp is nt just abut learning abut technlgy, its abut empwering yu t becme the innvatrs, creatrs, and prblem-slvers f tmrrw. Mark yur calendars and get ready t be inspired, educated, and entertained at the High Schl Creatr Exp!
1. Wh is the Exp intended fr?
A. University staff. B. Tech enthusiasts.
C. Business wners.D. Technlgy tutrs
2. Hw can ne benefit frm the Exp?
A. Prmting their prductsB. Having jb interviews.
C. Getting career insights.D. Shaping the wrld.
3. Where is the text prbably taken frm?
A. A schl newspaper. B. An academic article
C. A technlgy lecture. D. A prject handbk
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【语篇解读】本文是应用文。主要介绍了“高中创作者博览会”，列举了博览会的亮点，如接触前沿技术、参加专家研讨会、与专业人士交流、参加技术竞赛以及建立人脉网络等
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The High Schl Creatr Exp is a melting pt f hands-n activities, interactive demnstratins, and educatinal wrkshps that bring the wnders f science and technlgy t life.(高中创造者博览会是一个实践活动、互动演示和教育研讨会的大熔炉，将科学和技术的奇迹带入生活)”以及第二段“Engage with cutting-edge technlgies such as virtual reality, augmented reality, and rbtics. Explre hw these technlgies are shaping ur wrld and inspiring new ways f learning, creating, and cmmunicating.(接触尖端技术，如虚拟现实、增强现实和机器人。探索这些技术如何塑造我们的世界，并激发新的学习、创造和交流方式)”可知，博览会是为技术爱好者举办的。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Meet prfessinals frm varius fields f technlgy, including sftware develpment engineering, data science, and cybersecurity. They’ll share their experiences, ffer advice n career paths, and answer yur questins, helping yu chart yur tech-driven future.(会见来自不同技术领域的专业人士，包括软件开发工程、数据科学和网络安全。他们会分享他们的经验，提供职业道路建议，并回答你的问题，帮助你规划你的技术驱动的未来)”可知，在博览会上可以获得职业洞察力。故选C项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The High schl Creatr Exp is nt just abut learning abut technlgy, its abut empwering yu t becme the innvatrs, creatrs, and prblem-slvers f tmrrw. Mark yur calendars and get ready t be inspired, educated, and entertained at the High Schl Creatr Exp!(高中创作人博览会不仅仅是关于学习技术，也是关于让你们成为未来的创新者、创造者和问题解决者。在你的日历上做上标记，准备好在高中创造者博览会上获得灵感、教育和娱乐吧!)”可知，这篇文章可能出自学校报纸，用于宣传和鼓励学生参加博览会。故选A项。
B
At just 5 years ld, little Selah nticed that many f her fellw kindergarten classmates were struggling with their ABCs and didn’t knw hw t read, s she wanted t d smething. The determined girl enlisted (争取) the help f her parents and The Empwered Readers Literacy Prject was brn.
After listening t their daughter’s cncerns, Khalil and Nicle Thmpsn researched the issue and fund sme shcking infrmatin abut literacy here in America including the fact that 85% f children in the juvenile (少年的) prisn system are functinally illiterate. “All these crazy statistics fr literacy blew ur minds,” says Khalil Thmpsn. “The statistics said sme prisns frecast the number f prisn cells they are ging t build in the future based n third-grade reading test scres.”
Despite the awesme nature f the prblem they were facing, the cuple was spurred n by Selah’s reslutin, “We really, shuld just give away 20 hundred thusand bks,” Nicle remarks, recalling her daughter’s wrds, the family gt t wrk—starting initiatives such as Prject 500 and their Hliday Bk Drive.
As they began, ne f the main issues the family fund, cntributing t illiteracy, was representatin—children are, nt as excited abut reading when they dn’t find themselves reflected in the pages f the bk. And after realizing that very few f the characters in the stries she’d read lked like her. Selah then decided t write a bk f her wn that features a herine wh lks like her and shares her same interests and sense f adventure. In Nvember 2019, Selah’s first bk Penelpe the Private Princess, was published, and the sequel (续集) just released in December 2020.
“There is s mush inspiratin behind the fact that this is a child that wrte this stry and came up with this” says Khalil. “Yu can reclaim yur stry, d yur wn stry, and d all the things that adults at yur yung age and yu shuld really knw that yu have pwer in yur vice and ideas.”
4. Why des Khalil mentin the practice f prisns Para.2?
A. T prve the accuracy f his statistics.
B. T stress the imprtance f early reading.
C. T indicate the cnsequences f illiteracy.
D. T predict the trend f future juvenile crime.
5. What can we learn frm the third paragraph?
A. The wrds f Selah frced the cuple t wrk.
B. The parents were encuraged by their daughter.
C. The number f the bk needed is t big t reach.
D. The awesme nature f the prblem surprised the cuple.
6. What’s the prblem Nicle discvered in kid’s bks?
A. Their plts were uninteresting. B. The illustratins were nt lifelike.
C. Kids were represented insufficiently. D. The clrs applied were unattractive.
7. What’s the main character like in Penelpe the Pirate Princess?
A. Wealthy and pwerful.B. Naughty and trublesme.
C. Talented and sensitive.D. Determined and adventurus.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述一个5岁小女孩Selah如何注意到同学在阅读上的困难，并在父母的帮助下创立了阅读项目，最终还自己写了一本书的故事，展现了她的决心和行动力。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“After listening t their daughter’s cncerns, Khalil and Nicle Thmpsn researched the issue and fund sme shcking infrmatin abut literacy here in America including the fact that 85% f children in the juvenile (少年的) prisn system are functinally illiterate. “All these crazy statistics fr literacy blew ur minds,” says Khalil Thmpsn. “The statistics said sme prisns frecast the number f prisn cells they are ging t build in the future based n third-grade reading test scres.” (在听了女儿的担忧后，哈利勒和妮可·汤普森研究了这个问题，发现了一些令人震惊的信息，包括美国青少年监狱系统中85%的儿童是功能性文盲。“所有这些关于读写能力的疯狂统计数据让我们大吃一惊，”哈利勒·汤普森说。“统计数据显示，一些监狱根据三年级的阅读测试成绩来预测他们未来将要建造的牢房数量。”)”可知，本段提到监狱的做法是为了说明文盲的后果。故选C项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段 “Despite the awesme nature f the prblem they were facing, the cuple was spurred n by Selah’s reslutin, “We really, shuld just give away 20 hundred thusand bks,” Nicle remarks, recalling her daughter’s wrds, The family gt t wrk—starting initiatives such as Prject 500 and their Hliday Bk Drive.(尽管他们面临的问题很严重，但这对夫妇受到了塞拉决心的鼓舞。“我们真的应该捐赠20万本书，”妮可回忆起女儿的话时说道。这家人开始行动起来，发起了诸如“500项目”和“假日图书捐赠活动”等倡议)”可知，妮可夫妇受到了塞拉决心的鼓舞。故选B项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“As they began, ne f the main issues the family fund, cntributing t illiteracy, was representatin—children are, nt as excited abut reading when they dn’t find themselves reflected in the pages f the bk. And after realizing that very few f the characters in the stries she’d read lked like her. Selah then decided t write a bk f her wn that features a herine wh lks like her and shares her same interests and sense f adventure.(当他们开始行动时，这个家庭发现导致文盲的主要原因之一是代表性——当孩子们在书页上看不到自己的影子时，他们就不会那么热衷于阅读。在意识到她读过的故事中很少有角色长得像她之后，塞拉决定自己写一本书，书中的女主角长得像她，和她有同样的兴趣和冒险精神)”可知，妮可在儿童读物中发现了书中儿童没有得到充分的代表。故选C项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Selah then decided t write a bk f her wn that features a herine wh lks like her and shares her same interests and sense f adventure. In Nvember 2019, Selah’s first bk Penelpe the Private Princess, was published, and the sequel (续集) just released in December 2020.(在意识到她读过的故事中很少有角色长得像她之后，塞拉决定自己写一本书，书中的女主角长得像她，和她有同样的兴趣和冒险精神。2019年11月，塞拉的第一本书Penelpe the Pirate Princess出版了，续集也在2020年12月刚刚发行)”可知，Penelpe the Pirate Princess中的主角是塞拉一样，做事充满决心并且有冒险精神的。故选D项。
C
High emplyment, falling inflatin (通货膨胀), and ecnmic grwth. On the surface, the US ecnmy currently seems t be ding great. But as it turns ut, things are nt s rsy fr the average wrking American.
Accrding t a March 6 survey cnducted by the Savings website, 47 percent f parents prvide sme degree f financial supprt t their adult children t help deal with the cst f living struggles.
Gen Zers (defined in the survey as aged 18 - 27) were fund t be the mst likely generatin t get financial help frm their parents, receiving n average 1,515 dllars (abut 10.950 an) per mnth. Still, many lder parents were fund t be supprting their Millennial (aged 28 - 43) r Generatin X (aged 44 - 59) adult children, accunting fr 21 percent f parents prviding supprt. The mst cmmn expenses cited were grceries, tuitin and health insurance, amng thers, reprted The Guardian.
But why are s many US adults, bth yung and ld, struggling t “leave the nest”? One majr reasn is saring fd prices. Accrding t the US Department f Agriculture, fd prices are expected t increase by nearly 2.5 percent acrss the bard in 2024.
Meanwhile, stable husing remains an elusive dream fr many. The average rate fr a 30- year, fixed rate mrtgage (抵押贷款) was almst 8 percent in Octber 2023, said the Mrtgage a Bankers Assciatin. An extremely expensive mrtgage means that many Americans are priced ut f affrding their wn hme.
The final piece f the puzzle is falling salaries. Previus generatins were able t cunt n graduating frm cllege as the key t landing a jb that paid well. But nw, yung US graduates have fund that they earn less than their parents. Accrding t a CNBC analysis, cllege graduate salaries have decreased mre than 10 percent in fur decades after adjusting fr inflatin. In ther wrds, steadily declining salaries make it even harder fr yung Americans t cpe with steadily rising csts.
AS Gen Zers in the US struggle under financial pressures, s d the lder generatins supprting them, as their genersity puts their prspects fr retirement at risk. The Savings website discvered that wrking parents were fund t cntribute “2.4 times mre t supprt adult children than they cntribute t their retirement accunts each mnth”.
Essentially, while the US ecnmy remains aflat, we might witness multiple generatins f Americans sinking in their wn lifebats in the years ahead.
8. What did the March 6 survey find ut abut adult children in the US?
A. Nearly half f them are financially dependent.
B. Over half f Gen Zers are financially struggling.
C. Generatin X ften ffer their parents financial aid.
D. A majrity f them rely n their parents fr educatin.
9. What des the underlined wrd “elusive” in paragraph 5 mst prbably mean?
A. Easy t realize. B. Difficult t achieve.
C. Often misunderstd. D. Cmmnly sught after.
10. What can be inferred frm the article abut peple nw in the US?
A. Gvernment plicies favr lder generatins.
B. Cllege educatin guarantees a well-paid jb.
C. Salaries fr graduates remain stable in fur decades.
D. Financial pressures affect bth the yung and the ld.
11. What is the authr’s attitude tward the future prspects f Americans?
A. Reserved.B. Optimistic.C. Negative.D. Wait-and-see.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了美国经济表面上看似乎繁荣，但实际上普通美国人面临着诸多经济挑战和压力的问题。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Accrding t a March 6 survey cnducted by the Savings website, 47 percent f parents prvide sme degree f financial supprt t their adult children t help deal with the cst f living struggles. (美国储蓄网站3月6日进行的一项调查显示，47%的父母为成年子女提供某种程度的经济支持，以帮助他们解决生活困难。)”可知，3月6日的调查发现了美国成年子女其中近一半的人在经济上依赖他人。故选A项。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据后文“The average rate fr a 30-year, fixed rate mrtgage (抵押贷款) was almst 8 percent in Octber 2023, said the Mrtgage a Bankers Assciatin. An extremely expensive mrtgage means that many Americans are priced ut f affrding their wn hme. (抵押贷款银行家协会表示，2023年10月，30年期固定利率抵押贷款的平均利率接近8%。极其昂贵的抵押贷款意味着许多美国人已经买不起自己的房子了。)”可知，许多美国人负担不起自己的房子，由此可推知，稳定的住房仍是许多人难以实现的梦想，由此则elusive意为“很难实现的”和B项意思相近。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的 “AS Gen Zers in the US struggle under financial pressures, s d the lder generatins supprting them, as their genersity puts their prspects fr retirement at risk. The Savings website discvered that wrking parents were fund t cntribute “2.4 times mre t supprt adult children than they cntribute t their retirement accunts each mnth”. (随着美国Z世代承受着巨大的经济压力，支持他们的老一辈人也面临着同样的困境，因为他们的慷慨解囊危及了自己的退休前景。储蓄网站发现，“每月为成年子女提供的支持金额是父母为退休账户存入金额的2.4倍”)”可知，经济压力对年轻人和老年人都有影响。故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Essentially, while the US ecnmy remains aflat, we might witness multiple generatins f Americans sinking in their wn lifebats in the years ahead. (从本质上讲，尽管美国经济仍然保持运转，但在未来几年里，我们可能会看到多代美国人在自己的救生艇中沉没。)”可知，作者对美国人的未来持消极的态度。故选C项。
D
The human brain is a pwerful natural cmputer that has evlved ver tens f thusands f years. But what wuld yu get if yu cmbined this bilgical cmputer with areal ne?
Researchers at Indiana University Blmingtn in the US have linked human brain-like tissues t an electrnic chip, which can perfrm simple cmputer tasks. Their creatin, named Brainware, is part f a grwing field called bilgical cmputing that might ne day an d better than current cmputers, accrding t Nature.
The brain-like tissues the researchers used, als, knwn as brain rganids (类器官) weren’t part f a living persn’s brain. They were “grwn” frm human stem cells, which are capable f prducing different types f cells and frming bdy tissues. It tk tw mnths fr the stem cells t mature int an rganid.
The researchers then placed ne rganid nt an electrnic chip with thusands f electrdes (电极). Althugh rganids are much simpler and smaller than an actual brain, they act similarly t human brains, such as respnding t electrical signals, which is What ur brain des all the time. These respnses lead t changes in the brain, which fuel ur ability t learn. T test Brainware, the researchers used it fr vice recgnitin by training it with 240 Japanese recrdings spken by eight speakers. They fund that the rganid reacted different tward each vice. With an accuracy f 78 percent, it successfully identified the speakers by shwing different neural activities.
What’s special abut Brainware is that researchers can take advantage f the rganid’s cmplexity withut understanding its cell netwrks, accrding t Daily Mail. In ther wrds, scientists dn’t need t knw exactly hw the rganid wrks in rder t use it.
Accrding t the researchers' wrk published in December, cmbining rganids and electrnic chips culd increase the speed and efficiency f AI in the future. Als, such mdels can be used t study human brains, accrding t Nature. Using Brainware t mdel and study neurlgical disrders, such as Alzheimer s disease, is ne example. It culd als be used t test the effects f different treatments fr such diseases. “That’s where the prmise is: using the t ne day hpefully replace animal mdels f the brain,” Arti Ahluwalia, a researcher in Taly, tld Nature.
12. What d we knw abut the tissues used by the researchers?
A. They were artificially cnstructed.
B. They frmed a cmplete human brain.
C. They were harvested frm dead human bdies.
D. They were cultured frm specific human cells.
13. What success did Brinware achieve in the vice recgnitin test?
A. Distinguishing the vices between speakers.
B. Understanding the cntent f the recrdings.
C. Shwing preferences fr sme f the vices.
D. Crrectly matching all the speakers with their vices.
14. What makes Brainware special, accrding t Daily Mail?
A. Its cmplexity is easy t learn and understand.
B. It pens up new pssibilities fr studying human brains.
C. Its cell netwrks are the same as thse f human brains.
D. N in-depth knwledge f rganids is needed t use it.
15. What des the last paragraph fcus n regarding Brainware?
A. Its underlying prblems. B. Its ptential applicatins.
C. Its influence n AI technlgy.D. Its cntributin t animal welfare.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. D 15. B
【语篇解读】本文体裁为说明文。美国印第安纳大学的研究团队开发了一种名为Brainware的技术，将类似人脑的组织与电子芯片相结合，实现了简单的计算任务，如声音识别，为生物计算领域带来了新进展。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“They were “grwn” frm human stem cells, which are capable f prducing different types f cells and frming bdy tissues.(它们是从人类干细胞中“培养”出来的，这些干细胞能够产生不同类型的细胞并形成身体组织)”可知，它们是从特定的人类细胞中培养出来的。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“They fund that the rganid reacted different tward each vice. With an accuracy f 78 percent, it successfully identified the speakers by shwing different neural activities.(他们发现，类器官对每种声音的反应不同。它通过显示不同的神经活动，成功地识别了说话者，准确率达到了78%)”可知，Brainware 在声音识别测试中成功地区分了不同说话人的声音。故选A项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“What’s special abut Brainware is that researchers can take advantage f the rganid’s cmplexity withut understanding its cell netwrks, accrding t Daily Mail.(据《每日邮报》报道，Brainware的特别之处在于，研究人员可以在不了解细胞网络的情况下利用这种类器官的复杂性)”可知，Brainware 的独特之处在于不需要深入了解其细胞网络就能使用它。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。由文章最后一段“Accrding t the researchers' wrk published in December, cmbining rganids and electrnic chips culd increase the speed and efficiency f AI in the future. Als, such mdels can be used t study human brains, accrding t Nature. Using Brainware t mdel and study neurlgical disrders, such as Alzheimer s disease, is ne example. It culd als be used t test the effects f different treatments fr such diseases. “That’s where the prmise is: using the t ne day hpefully replace animal mdels f the brain,” Arti Ahluwalia, a researcher in Taly, tld Nature.(根据研究人员去年12月发表的研究成果，将类器官和电子芯片结合起来，未来可以提高人工智能的速度和效率。此外，根据《自然》杂志的报道，这样的模型可以用来研究人类的大脑。使用brainware来模拟和研究神经系统疾病，如阿尔茨海默病，就是一个例子。它还可以用来测试对这类疾病的不同治疗方法的效果。意大利的研究人员Arti Ahluwalia在接受《自然》杂志采访时表示：“这就是前景所在：有一天，这些技术有望取代动物的大脑模型。”)”可知，最后一段主要介绍了Brainware在未来可能的应用领域，包括用于研究神经系统疾病模型，以及可能替代动物实验等。因此，该段落的重点在于Brainware的潜在应用。故选B项。
第二节（共5小题; 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Des the sund f rain really help yu fall asleep?
Yu’ve likely heard that the pitter pattering f raindrps can help peple fall asleep. There’s als research that supprts the idea that rain sunds are a useful sleep aid. Here’s what t knw.
____16____
Rain sunds can mask ther sharper nises in yur envirnment. Think f a dripping faucet (水龙头) in the ther rm in utter silence; it culd be very annying. With a masking backgrund f wind in the leaves, a sft rain, r sme gentle waves playing n a lp n a speaker, the drip wuld never be nticed. ____17____
Rain sunds might literally hit the right frequencies
By masking backgrund sunds, rain tracks might seem like they’re just rdinary white nise, but they are nt. ____18____They are named after clrs. Rain sunds are cnsidered pink nise, which is characterized by luder sunds at a lw frequency and sfter sunds at high frequencies. Sme research suggests that pink nise in particular can imprve sleep in healthy individuals. But this may nt be the case fr everyne.
Research suggests that nature has a calming effect
In additin t helping peple fall asleep, rain sunds can be straight-up relaxing. ____19____ Evidence pints t psychlgical benefits, including increased cgnitive capacity and reduced anxiety and stress. Peple expsed t nature sunds in a 2017 study had an increased parasympathetic respnse, meaning that the calming part f their nervus system was activated by these tracks.
Shuld yu try rain sunds?
Rain r might help sme peple but here nr fr everyne. ____20____ One persn’s gentle rain is anther ne’s fld wrry r need t g t the bathrm. Similarly, gentle rain with distant thunder is calming fr sme and alarming fr thers. Will they wrk fr yu?
There’s nly ne way t find ut! There’s nly ne way t find ut!
A. Rain nise hides ther sunds.
B. Rain nises smetimes disrupt seep.
C. S rain sunds can create a calming backgrund nise.
D. White nise is an umbrella term fr a variety f sunds.
E. This may bil dwn t the fact that they’re a natural sund.
F. It’s wrth experimenting with the frequency t see if it can wrk fr yu.
G. Different sunds will bring ut different respnses depending n the individual.
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. D 19. E 20. G
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了雨声如何帮助人们入睡，以及相关的科学研究支持这一观点。文章还讨论了雨声的频率特性、其对人们心理的益处，以及雨声对不同个体可能产生的不同效果。
【16题详解】
分析设空，为本句小标题，根据后文“Rain sunds can mask ther sharper nises in yur envirnment.(雨声可以掩盖你周围环境中其他更尖锐的噪音)”可知，这一段主要讲述雨声能隐藏其他噪音，A选项“Rain nise hides ther sunds.(雨声掩盖了其他声音)”符合本段主题，能概括该段内容。故选A项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“With a masking backgrund f wind in the leaves, a sft rain, r sme gentle waves playing n a lp n a speaker, the drip wuld never be nticed.(有了树叶上的风，柔和的雨，或者扬声器上循环播放的一些温柔的波浪，滴水永远不会被注意到)”可知，雨声能创造一个平静的背景，C项“S rain sunds can create a calming backgrund nise.(所以雨声可以创造一种平静的背景噪音)”与上文逻辑连贯，是对前文的总结。故选C项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“By masking backgrund sunds, rain tracks might seem like they’re just rdinary white nise, but they are nt.(通过掩盖背景声音，雨水轨迹可能看起来只是普通的白噪音，但事实并非如此)”以及后文“They are named after clrs.(它们以颜色命名)”可知，前文提出了新的概念“白噪音”，此处在解释，所以D项“White nise is an umbrella term fr a variety f sunds.(白噪音是各种声音的总称)”符合此处主题，是对“白噪音”的解释。故选D项。
【19题详解】
根据前文“In additin t helping peple fall asleep, rain sunds can be straight-up relaxing.(除了帮助人们入睡，雨声还能让人放松)”以及后文“Evidence pints t psychlgical benefits, including increased cgnitive capacity and reduced anxiety and stress. Peple expsed t nature sunds in a 2017 study had an increased parasympathetic respnse, meaning that the calming part f their nervus system was activated by these tracks.(有证据表明它对心理有好处，包括提高认知能力，减少焦虑和压力。在2017年的一项研究中，接触自然声音的人的副交感神经反应增加，这意味着他们神经系统的镇静部分被这些声音激活)”可知，E项“This may bil dwn t the fact that they’re a natural sund.(这可能归结为它们是一种自然的声音)”是对前文的进一步解释，其中“natural sund”呼应下文，为同词复现。故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Rain r might help sme peple but here nr fr everyne.(雨或可能会帮助一些人，但这里不是每个人)”以及后文“One persn’s gentle rain is anther ne’s fld wrry r need t g t the bathrm.(一个人的绵绵细雨可能是另一个人的洪水猛兽，或如厕之需)”可知，此处讲述雨声并不一定适用每个人，所以G项“Different sunds will bring ut different respnses depending n the individual.(不同的声音会引起不同的反应，这取决于个人)”符合此处主题，承上启下。故选G项。
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分 30分)
第一节 (共15小题: 每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was 68 when I first stepped nstage as a stand-up cmedian in 2003. That first time was ____21____. I had n idea what the audience wuld make f me. In New Yrk, cmedians are ____22____ yung men. It’s hard enugh t ____23____ as a wman, but even harder as smene ____24____ enugh t be their grandmther.
As I stepped nstage that first time, peple were clearly surprised t ____25____ me. I intrduced myself, stated my age and tried my first jke. There was ____26____. But by the time I gt t the third line, peple were finally laughing prperly. I was hked.
Even tday, I’m ____27____ befre I step ut. My first ____28____ is, “Hell, everybdy. I’m 88 and three-quarters years ld. I’m telling yu that ____29____ I dn’t make it all the way thrugh the shw.” Then peple laugh and I relax.
After a shw, peple yung and ld cme up t me saying what a(n) ____30____ I am. They say they want t be as active as I am when they reach my ____31____. I’m pleased that I can ____32____ thers that, as an lder persn, yu dn’t need t take a back seat in life and yu have gt mre t____33____ .
Last year, I was recgnized as the ldest female stand-up cmedian in the wrld. But I have n ____34____ f stpping my cmedy wrk. I hpe t still be perfrming when I’m 100. My gal is t still be up there making peple ____35____ .
21. A. scary B. precius C. familiar D. private
22. A. relatively B. abslutelyC. eventually D. typically
23. A. taken in B. put up C. break thrughD. nte dwn
24. A. lucky B. ld C. wise D. careful
25. A. help B. see C. check D. ffer
26. A. silence B. bnus C. blessing D. thrill
27. A. excited B. grateful C. nervus D. skillful
28. A. surprise B. strategy C. relief D. line
29. A. as if B. in case C. even thughD. in that
30. A. inspiratin B. recreatinC. crisis D. frustratin
31. A. peak B. audience C. gal D. age
32. A. suggest B. challenge C. shw D. relax
33. A. prve B. publish C. ppse D. please
34. A. missin B. principle C. intentin D. burden
35. A. mature B. laugh C. learnD. win
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. B
【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。讲述了一位老奶奶在晚年成为单口喜剧演员的经历和感受，从第一次登台到现在的心路历程，以及她对于年龄和生活的态度。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第一次很可怕。A. scary可怕的；B. precius珍贵的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. private私人的。根据后文“I had n idea what the audience wuld make f me.”可知，作者不知道观众会怎么看她，所以感到害怕。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在纽约，喜剧演员通常是年轻人。A. relatively相对地；B. abslutely绝对地；C. eventually最终；D. typically典型地。根据后文“yung men”结合选项和实际可知，喜剧演员通常是年轻人。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：作为一个女人，想要突破已经很困难了，而作为一个年纪大到已经是他们祖母的人，就更难了。A. taken in吸收；B. put up张贴；C. break thrugh突破；D. nte dwn记下。根据前文“In New Yrk, cmedians are yung men.”可知，喜剧演员通常是年轻小伙子，所以作为一个女人，想要突破是困难的。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个女人，想要突破已经很困难了，而作为一个年纪大到已经是他们祖母的人，就更难了。A. lucky幸运的；B. ld老的；C. wise明智的；D. careful仔细的。根据后文“t be their grandmther”可知，能是他们祖母的人，应是足够老的。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我第一次走上舞台时，人们显然看到我感到惊讶。A. help帮助；B. see看见；C. check检查；D. ffer提供。根据前文“As I stepped nstage that first time”可知，作者走上舞台，观众应是很惊讶的看着她。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一阵沉默。A. silence沉默；B. bnus奖金；C. blessing祝福；D. thrill激动。根据前文“I intrduced myself, stated my age and tried my first jke.”以及后文“But by the time I gt t the third line, peple were finally laughing prperly.”可知，前后是转折关系，后文观众才笑出来，所以前文作者讲笑话时，应是沉默的。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：直到今天，我出门前还是很紧张。A. excited兴奋的；B. grateful感激的；C. nervus紧张的；D. skillful熟练的。根据前文“I had n idea what the audience wuld make f me.”可知，作者上台前不知道观众怎么看她，感到紧张，结合句中“Even tday”可推知，她现在仍然如此。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的第一句话是：“大家好。”A. surprise惊喜；B. strategy策略；C. relief解脱；D. line话。根据后文“Hell, everybdy. I’m 88 and three-quarters years ld. I’m telling yu that I dn’t make it all the way thrugh the shw.”可知，此处是作者表演开头的第一句话。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查连词短语辨析。句意：我告诉你这些是为了以防我没能撑到最后。”A. as if好像；B. in case以防；C. even thugh即使；D. in that因为。根据前文“I’m 88 and three-quarters years ld.”和下文“I dn’t make it all the way thrugh the shw.”可知，作者先强调自己的年龄，是怕万一自己不能撑到最后，这是作者的一种幽默。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一场表演结束后，年轻人和老年人都来找我，说我是多么鼓舞人心。A. inspiratin鼓舞；B. recreatin娱乐；C. crisis危机；D. frustratin挫败。根据后文“They say they want t be as active as I am when they reach my .”可知，作者88岁高龄仍然活跃在舞台上，这让人们受到鼓舞，希望也像她一样。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们说，当他们到了我这个年龄时，他们想和我一样活跃。A. peak顶峰；B. audience观众；C. gal目标；D. age年龄。根据上文可知，作者高龄仍然活跃在舞台上，结合句中“They say they want t be as active as I am”可推知，他们想到达作者的年龄时跟作者一样。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很高兴能够向其他人展示，作为一个老年人，你不需要在生活中退居二线，你还有更多要证明的东西。A. suggest建议；B. challenge挑战；C. shw展示；D. relax放松。根据前文“After a shw, peple yung and ld cme up t me saying what a(n) I am.”可知，作者给人鼓舞，所以是向其他人展示。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很高兴能够向其他人展示，作为一个老年人，你不需要在生活中退居二线，你还有更多要证明的东西。A. prve证明；B. publish发布；C. ppse反对；D. please使愉快。根据前文“yu dn’t need t take a back seat in life”结合选项可知，作为一个老年人，你不需要在生活中退居二线，因为还有更多要证明的东西。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我无意停止我的喜剧工作。A. missin使命；B. principle原则；C. intentin意图；D. burden负担。根据后文“I hpe t still be perfrming when I’m 100.”可知，作者希望100岁的时候还能继续表演，所以是无意停止喜剧工作。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的目标是继续站在那里让人们开怀大笑。A. mature（使）成熟；B. laugh笑；C. learn学习；D. win赢。根据前文“Last year, I was recgnized as the ldest female stand-up cmedian in the wrld.”可知，作者是脱口秀喜剧演员，所以目标应是让人们开怀大笑。故选B项。
第二节 (共10小题: 每小题1.5分， 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Since its fficial beginning in 2013, the Internatinal Day f Happiness ____36____(bserve) fr 11 years. This special day, ____37____ falls n March 20 every year, serves t remind peple f the significance f happiness. But what exactly is happiness, and hw can ne achieve it? Experts in varius fields hld different views n what happiness means and the factrs that influence ____38____.
As a researcher in the field f psitive psychlgy, Snja Lyubmirsky defines happiness as “the experience f jy, cntentment, r psitive well-being; cmbined with a sense ____39____ ne’s life is gd and ____40____(meaning)”.
Frm the perspective f writers, James Jyce was seized by happiness in 1914 ____41____ his bk Dubliners was fficially published after being rejected by mre than 20 publishers.
Accrding t ecnmics, Tejvan Pettinger said that incme is a crucial factr ____42____(affect) happiness. At lwer incme levels, it is generally agreed that increasing ne’s incme ____43____ (tend) t bst happiness, as it allws peple t purchase many essential gds and services like fd, husing, healthcare, educatin and s n. ____44____, after certain incme levels, an increase in incme nly cntributes slightly t verall happiness.
The truth is that happiness itself is different fr everyne, s everyne defines it differently and pursues it in a variety f ways. It’s a life lessn wrth ur whle lifetime ____45____(explre).
【答案】36. has been bserved 37. which 38. it 39. that 40. meaningful
41. when 42. affecting 43. tends 44. Hwever 45. t explre
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明世界幸福日这个节日。如何定义幸福？各个领域的专家学者有不同的看法，普通人也有不同的观点。
【36题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。自2013年正式设立以来，国际幸福日已经持续了11个年头。bserve作本句谓语，根据since以及fr 11 years可知，用现在完成时，和主语the Internatinal Day f Happiness之间是被动关系，用被动语态，主语为第三人称单数。故填has been bserved。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这个特殊的日子，在每年的3月20日，是为了提醒人们幸福的重要性。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“This special day”，在从句中作主语，用which引导。故填which。
【38题详解】
考查代词。句意：不同领域的专家对幸福的含义和影响幸福的因素持有不同的观点。本句是that引导的定语从句，从句缺少宾语，根据句意可知，可用it代指前文提到的happiness。故填it。
【39题详解】
考查同位语从句。句意：作为积极心理学领域的研究者，Snja Lyubmirsky将幸福定义为“体验快乐、满足或积极的幸福状态，并结合一种生活美好且有意义的感觉”。空处引导同位语从句，从句中结构完整，用that引导。故填that。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：作为积极心理学领域的研究者，Snja Lyubmirsky将幸福定义为“体验快乐、满足或积极的幸福状态，并结合一种生活美好且有意义的感觉”。空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词和gd一起作并列表语，meaning的形容词形式是meaningful。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：从作家的角度来看，1914年，在被20多家出版社拒绝后，James Jyce的书《都柏林人》终于得以正式出版，他感到很幸福。空处引导定语从句，先行词是1914，在从句中作时间状语，用when引导。故填when。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：根据经济学，Tejvan Pettinger说收入是影响幸福的关键因素。本句已有谓语动词is，所以affect用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语incme之间是主动关系，用现在分词作后置定语。故填affecting。
【43题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在较低的收入水平，人们普遍认为增加收入往往会增加幸福感，因为它允许人们购买许多必需品和服务，如食品、住房、医疗保健、教育等。本句是that引导的宾语从句，从句缺少谓语，所以tend作本句谓语，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语increasing ne’s incme为第三人称单数。故填tends。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，在一定的收入水平之后，收入的增加对整体幸福感的贡献很小。空处修饰空后整个句子，用副词修饰，根据句意可知，和前文是转折关系，用hwever，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Hwever。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这是值得我们用一生去探索的人生课程。本句已有谓语动词is，所以explre用非谓语形式，根据句意，表达“去探索”之意，用不定式作后置定语。故填t explre。
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分 )
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 巴黎奥运会已落下帷幕，中国运动员在比赛中的拼搏精神使你大受鼓舞。假如你是李华，请以此为话题，为你校即将举行的英语演讲比赛写一篇演讲稿。内容包括:
1.你的观看感受:
2.发出倡议。
注意: 1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Gd mrning! I’m Li Hua.
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Thank yu!
【参考范文】
Gd mrning! I’m Li Hua.
I’m excited t talk abut the inspiring Olympic spirit frm the recent Paris Olympics.
I watched the Games with great enthusiasm. What truly struck me was nt just the medals r recrds brken, but the spirit that drve these athletes frward. I was truly mved by the hard wrk and dedicatin f ur Chinese athletes. Whether they wn r lst, they all shwed incredible perseverance, determinatin and respect fr their cmpetitrs.
With this in mind, I wuld like t make a heartfelt initiative. Let us embrace the fighting spirit f ur athletes and carry it frward int ur daily lives. Let’s strive fr excellence in ur studies, extracurricular activities, and persnal grwth. Let’s fster an envirnment where hard wrk is celebrated, where failures are seen as stepping stnes t success, and where we supprt and encurage each ther alng the way.
Thank yu!
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
After getting up late n a sleepy Sunday, I saw my dad at the kitchen table reading the Sunday editin f the lcal newspaper. I made a sandwich and sat dwn next t him, asking him what was new. He turned sadly t me and said that the municipal cuncil (市政委员会) was planning t intrduce a measure t pull dwn the cmmunity garden nearby. He mentined that he used t wrk n it with his dad, s the place had sme fnd childhd memries fr him.
He then put dwn the paper, walked ver t the clset and-after a bit f searching-pulled ut a thick, black binder (活页夹). Inside, there was a whle bunch f ld phtgraphs. After thumbing thrugh a few pages, my dad fund the ne f him and his dad tgether at the cmmunity garden, just like he’d said. “Ww, yur cheeks were super rsy back then!” I said, surprised.
With nthing planned fr the afternn, my dad and I decided t take a trip ver t the cmmunity garden t see hw it was ding these days. Nt great, as it turned ut. Crumpled (皱巴巴的) sda cans, cigarette butts (烟头) and ther trash were everywhere. Pts f sil were still there, but what few plants remained were either dead r dying.
We lked at each ther and knew what we had t d. After gathering sme tls and garbage bags, we went straight t wrk cleaning up the place. I phned up sme f my schl friends and, sn enugh, a half-dzen peple were cllecting trash bags and sweeping paths. Smene had even brught bags f fresh seeds and sil alng with new flwers, s we uprted the ld dead plants and flwers and planted anew.
After nly a few hurs, the cmmunity garden lked ttally changed. Despite ur hard wrk, there was still the matter f the upcming cuncil vte. We created a plan: take phts f the garden and spread the news abut the vte. Using the phtgraphs, we wuld then cllect signatures (签名) t shw cntinued lcal interest and then present these t the cuncil.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
After tw weeks f pht-taking and signature-cllecting, it was time t present at the lcal cuncil meeting.
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In the end, ur effrts paid ff.
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【参考范文】
After tw weeks f pht-taking and signature-cllecting, it came time t present at the lcal cuncil meeting. Frtunately, we were well-prepared fr what we had t say. Wearing ur best suits, we made ur case fr the cmmunity garden. We pinted ut nt nly the histrical value f the space, but als the ecnmic and scial benefits f the garden. Plus, the dzens f signatures we had cllected shwed that peple still cared abut the garden, with sme peple even agreeing t vlunteer and d regular maintenance again. After hearing ur presentatin, the cuncil members held their wn debate n whether t g thrugh with the previusly intended plan.
In the end, ur effrts paid ff. The cuncil finally decided t vte dwn the measure, thus saving the cmmunity garden that we had wrked s hard n. My dad and I hugged each ther in jy. After weeks and mnths passed by and as spring turned t summer, the cmmunity garden was thriving again, with vlunteers wrking in the garden amng cuntless fresh vegetables and flwers. On ne f ur visits t the cmmunity garden, my dad and I tk a picture tgether. This picture is ging t lk great in the binder, I thught, right next t my dad’s ld phtgraph.