[英语]云南省保山市2024-2025学年高三上学期一轮复习摸底测试试题(解析版)

这是一份[英语]云南省保山市2024-2025学年高三上学期一轮复习摸底测试试题(解析版)，共20页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where did the man get the cat?
A. Frm his neighbr. B. Frm a pet stre. C. Frm a friend.
2. Wh des the man recmmend t take care f the flwers?
A. Lily. B. James. C. The wman’s sister.
3. When will the film begin?
A. At 2:00. B. At 2:15. C. At 2:20.
4. What des the man thank the wman fr?
A. Giving him a lift. B. Extending an invitatin. C. Bringing the dcuments.
5. What’s the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Husband and wife. C. Salesman and custmer.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. A birthday gift. B. A shpping list. C. A trip schedule.
7. What des Jesse want t d in spring?
A. Hld a birthday party. B. Buy a game player. C. Ride a bike with friends.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the wman prbably ging t d?
A. Have an interview. B. Buy a bk. C. Wrk.
9. Why des the wman suggest taking the subway?
A. It’s less crwded. B. It saves much time. C. It needs less walk.
10. Where des the cnversatin take place?
A. In a square. B. At the bus stp. C. At a subway statin.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What makes the man upset?
A. Serius illness.
B. Failure t finish his reprt.
C. Criticism frm his prfessr.
12. Hw des the wman sund?
A. Cncerned. B. Critical. C. Frgiving.
13. What will the man prbably d next?
A. Rewrite his reprt.
B. Turn t the wman fr help.
C. Ask Prfessr Li fr advice.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. Why is Sara in this city?
A. T attend a meeting. B. T g n a family trip. C. T visit sme wrkmates.
15. What makes Sara dissatisfied with the htel in the street crner?
A. Its service. B. Its envirnment. C. Its rm size.
16. Wh is Ry?
A. The male speaker. B. The man’s sn. C. The wman’s wrkmate.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Hw d tw shy peple usually behave at their first meeting?
A. They avid each ther intentinally.
B. They’re t shy t start a cnversatin.
C. They ask their cmmn friend fr help.
18. What’s the speaker’s secnd suggestin?
A. Building friends’ cnfidence.
B. Offering friends infrmatin.
C. Helping friends make judgments.
19. What shuld ne d after getting tw shy friends talking t each ther?
A. Think abut the next tpic.
B. Get invlved in the cnversatin.
C. Leave them talking t each ther.
20. What is the speaker ding?
A. Persuading his friends.
B. Sharing his experience.
C. Hsting a radi prgram.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Art Institute f Chicag
Visiting time:
The museum is pen daily 10:30 a. m.-5:00 p. m. and Thursdays until 8;00 p.m. It is clsed n Thanksgiving Day, Christmas Day and New Year’s Day.
Highlights f the Art Institute
●American Art
Discver hw artists have expressed many aspects f the American experience thrugh the rich variety f this cllectin. This tur might include the wrks f artists like Paul Revere, Winslw Hmer and Gergia O’Keeffe, r fllw the path f immigrant craftsmen as they created designs fr everyday life.
● Impressinism: Mnet, Degas, Renir and Mre
Drp in the clr and excitement f late 19th-century life as yu view ne f the mst admired cllectins f French Impressinism in the wrld.
●Hidden Histries
Hear stries abut artists and their artwrks that may be verlked r underappreciated fr ne reasn r anther. These culd be very small wrks, quiet r ut-f-the-way bjects.
● Mindfulness Turs
Slw dwn and take in just a few artwrks. This experience includes guided meditatin exercises and clse, mindful lking exercises t allw participants t be cntemplative(沉思的)，cllabrative and present with all f their senses.
Fr families with children
With free admissin fr kids under 14 and Chicag teens under 18, the Art Institute is the perfect place fr a creative uting with the whle family.
Visit the Family Rm in the Ryan Educatin Center, pen daily frm 10:30 a. m.—5:00 p.m. except Thanksgiving, Christmas and New Year’s Day and intrduce yur children t the museum’s cllectins with a variety f activities. Assemble(组装) puzzles based n masterpieces in the museum, build architectural wnders with clrful blcks, and learn abut art thrugh stries and games. Fd is available at an n-site cafe. (Outside fd is nt allwed in. )
1. On which day can ne visit The Art Institute f Chicag?
A. Thanksgiving Day.B. Independence Day.
C. Christmas Day. D. New Year’s Day.
2. What can visitrs learn in Hidden Histries?
A. The early stries f sme big artists. B. The artwrks f sme ptential artists.
C. Sme stries abut lesser-knwn artists.D. Sme artwrks whse creatrs are unclear.
3. What can children d in the Family Rm?
A. Practice strytelling skills. B. Decrate sme masterpieces.
C. Enjy their hme-made fd. D. Take part in hands-n activities.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D
【语篇解读】本文是应用文。本文介绍了芝加哥艺术会馆的一些信息。
【解析】1.细节理解题。根据“Visiting time”中的“It is clsed n Thanksgiving Day, Christmas Day and New Year’s Day.（它在感恩节、圣诞节和元旦闭馆。）”可知， 芝加哥艺术会馆在独立日是开放的。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据“Hidden Histries”中的“Hear stries abut artists and their artwrks that may be verlked r underappreciated fr ne reasn r anther. These culd be very small wrks, quiet r ut-f-the-way bjects.（听听关于艺术家和他们的作品的故事，他们可能因为这样或那样的原因而被忽视或不被欣赏。这些可以是非常小的作品，安静或偏僻的物体。）”可知，参观者可以了解到一些鲜为人知的艺术家的故事和作品。故选C。
3.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Assemble(组装) puzzles based n masterpieces in the museum, build architectural wnders with clrful blcks， and learn abut art thrugh stries and games. Fd is available at an n-site cafe. (Outside fd is nt allwed in. ）（根据博物馆的杰作组装拼图，用彩色积木建造建筑奇迹，通过故事和游戏了解艺术。餐厅内的咖啡厅提供食物。(外面的食物不允许进入。)）”可知，孩子们能参加一些需要动手的活动。故选D。
B
As a cllege student in Bstn, I frmed the habit f buying used bks. I enjy the hunt, the gd price and the unrecgnized treasures. I find ld textbks, ex-bestsellers, and bks n subjects I’ve never heard f and nw must learn all abut. I dn’t search fr rare bks, first editins, r leather-bund editins but bks that are wrth reading.
Rereading, fr me, is a pleasure during retirement. The theater and the cncert hall becme less appealing t me, alng with crwds. Staying alne and reading bks have becme extremely imprtant t me. Literature needs the flesh f experience t have its full effect. Different bks ffer me insights and ways f expressing that stuck in my mind as grains f sand in an yster nw shine like pearls. My taste in bks imprves with age.
While packing fr a mve, which ccurs at intervals f five t seven years, I clear my shelves and pick my bks. I abandn a few, later regret my decisins, and lk fr them again. Several years ag, I gt rid f bks related t my jb-architecture. Sme were design guides, reference bks, prduct catalgs, and things that went ut f date. Sme were histrical r centered n a perid r an architect. These had given me many hurs f pleasure. Will I ever pen their cvers again? Certainly. I held n t the red bulk f Sir Banister Fletcher’s A Histry f Architecture and bks n Paris, Rme, and Bstn.
I gave away drafting equipment and instruments. I threw ut rlls and rlls f paper, and ld drawings f prjects cmpleted lng ag, sme f which had even been damaged. This time, I stay put in a cttage that suits my status and I’ve mved n in spirit. N dubt I will acquire mre used bks and thrw away mre bks as passins grw and fade, like feathers changing with the seasns.
4. What des the authr cnsider mst imprtant when chsing used bks？
A. Their appealing cvers.B. Their reasnable prices.
C. Their excellent cntent.D. Their cllectin value.
5. What des the authr realize as he grws lder?
A. He has a small circle f friends. B. His attitude twards wrk changes.
C. His cmmunicatin skills imprve.D. He has a deeper understanding f life and bks.
6. Why des the authr mentin bks n architecture?
A. T shw sme bks are wrth reading repeatedly.
B. T recmmend Sir Banister Fletcher’s bks.
C. T suggest we avid making pr decisins.
D. T explain his lve fr architecture.
7. What can we learn abut the authr frm the last paragraph?
A. He will stp thrwing away used bks.
B. He likes updating his cllectin f used bks.
C. He is bad at using advanced drafting equipment.
D. He enjys leading an active life in the cuntryside.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者从购买二手书的经历、重新阅读的意义和不断更新自己的读物等几个方面说明各阅读的重要性和意义。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“I dn’t search fr rare bks, first editins, r leather-bund editins but bks that are wrth reading.”（我不寻找珍本、第一版或皮面版的书，而是那些值得一读的书。）可知，作者在购买书时最看重的是书的内容。故选C项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Different bks ffer me insights （见解） and ways f expressing that stuck in my mind as grains f sand in an yster（牡蛎） nw shine like pearls. My taste in bks imprves with age.”（不同的书籍给我提供了深刻的见解和表达方式，就像牡蛎里的沙子现在像珍珠一样闪闪发光一样。 我对书籍的鉴赏力随着年龄的增长而提高。）可知，作者随着年龄的增大，他对生活和书本有更深的理解。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的例子及“Will I ever pen their cvers again? Certainly. I held n t the red bulk f Sir Banister Fletcher’s A Histry f Architecture and bks n Paris, Rme, and Bstn.”（我还会再打开他们的封面吗? 当然。 我手里拿着班尼斯特·弗莱彻爵士的《建筑史》和有关巴黎、罗马和波士顿的书。）可知，作者提到建筑书籍的目的是说明这些书值得多次阅读。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“N dubt I will acquire mre used bks and thrw away mre bks as passins grw and fade, like feathers changing with the seasns.”（毫无疑问，我将获得更多的二手书，并扔掉更多的书，因为激情就像羽毛随着季节的变化而变化。）可知，作者喜欢不断更新自己的二手书收藏。故选B项。
C
Mr. Calthrpe is a Berkeley-based urban planner wh is ne f the creatrs f New Urban-ism, which prmtes mixed use, walkable neighbrhds. His designs emphasize the cnnectin f husing, shpping and public space. A ppular claim by the advcates f self-driving cars is that nt nly will they lead t fewer cars, faster cmmunicatins and a thrugh rethinking f cities where finding a place t park is n lnger a pririty.
Mr. Calthrpe rejects the ideas f tech industry predictrs wh say persnal autnmus vehicles will sn be the slutin t urban prblems like traffic jams. He is nt ppsed t autnmus vehicles. Mr. Calthrpe’s quarrel is with the idea that the widespread adptin f persnally wned self-driving cars will slve transprtatin prblem. In fact, he wrries it will lead t mre urban jams.
This year, Mr. Calthrpe challenged Silicn Valley t take anther lk at its husing and transprtatin prblem in a prpsal in which he asked: “Can mre huses and streets slve the San Francisc Bay Area husing crisis?” The Valley’s husing crisis can be explained in data that shws that since 2010, the regin has added 11 jbs fr every new hme built; the middlesized huse price has reached $934,000; and rents have gne up by 60 percent since 2012. One f the cnsequences f the grwing imbalance between husing and jbs is the increasing traffic jams, accrding t an Urban Ftprint reprt.
T avid the traffic jams, Mr. Calthrpe puts frward a plan which requires efficient mass transprtatin. He has prpsed an alternative—autnmus rapid transprtatin r ART—using fleets (车队) f self-driving tracks in reserved lanes n main rads like E1 Camin Real. Thse lanes wuld allw the vehicles t travel faster and require a lwer level f autnmus technlgy. And the trucks culd travel separately r be cnnected tgether.
8. What is Mr. Calthrpe’s dream neighbrhd like?
A. Walkable areas with empty space.
B. Cnnected areas with faster transprt.
C. Cmmunities with fewer self-diving cars.
D. Cmmunities with cnvenient public facilities.
9. What d the tech industry predictrs claim?
A. Parking is nt a prblem any mre. B. Peple shuld reject car driving.
C. Autnmus vehicles cause mre trubles.D. Self-driving cars can erase traffic jams.
10. What des Mr. Calthrpe’s questin abut Silicn Valley’s husing crisis suggest?
A. His dubt abut the data. B. His disapprval f the practice.
C. His advice n aviding the suffering. D. His acceptance f the cnsequence.
11. What is Mr. Calthrpe’s slutin t the traffic jams?
A. Building mre rads. B. Smart fleets f trucks.
C. Offering autnmus cars. D. Public transprtatin.
【答案】8. D 9. D 10. B 11. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，Mr. Calthrpe不反对自动驾驶汽车，但他担心这会导致更多的城市拥堵，因此他提出了一个需要高效大规模运输的计划来避免交通堵塞。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。由第一段中的“Mr. Calthrpe is a Berkeley-based urban planner wh is ne f the creatrs f New Urban-ism, which prmtes mixed use, walkable neighbrhds. His designs emphasize the cnnectin f husing, shpping and public space. (Mr. Calthrpe是伯克利市的城市规划师，他是新城市主义的创始人之一，新城市主义提倡多用途、可步行的社区。他的设计强调住房、购物和公共空间的联系)”可知，新城市主义Mr. Calthrpe提倡多用途、可步行的社区，社区中住房、购物和公共空间相联系，这种社区公共设施很便利——这是Mr. Calthrpe梦寐以求的社区。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段中的“Mr. Calthrpe rejects the ideas f tech industry predictrs wh say persnal autnmus vehicles will sn be the slutin t urban prblems like traffic jams. (Mr. Calthrpe拒绝接受科技行业预测人士的观点，他们说，个人自动驾驶汽车很快就会解决交通堵塞等城市问题)”可知，科技行业预测者声称自动驾驶汽车可以消除交通堵塞。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。由第三段“This year, Mr. Calthrpe challenged Silicn Valley t take anther lk at its husing and transprtatin prblem in a prpsal in which he asked: “Can mre huses and streets slve the San Francisc Bay Area husing crisis?” The Valley’s husing crisis can be explained in data that shws that since 2010, the regin has added 11 jbs fr every new hme built; the middlesized huse price has reached $934,000; and rents have gne up by 60 percent since 2012. One f the cnsequences f the grwing imbalance between husing and jbs is the increasing traffic jams, accrding t an Urban Ftprint reprt. (今年，Mr. Calthrpe在一份提案中要求硅谷重新审视其住房和交通问题，他在提案中问道：“更多的房屋和街道能解决旧金山湾区的住房危机吗？”硅谷的住房危机可以用数据来解释，数据显示，自2010年以来，该地区每新建一套住房，就增加11个就业岗位；中等规模的房价已达到93.4万美元；自2012年以来，租金上涨了60%。根据一份城市足迹报告，住房和就业之间日益失衡的后果之一是交通堵塞加剧)”可知，硅谷住房危机中，住房和就业失衡会导致交通堵塞加剧，可得出Mr. Calthrpe不赞成用更多的房屋和街道这种做法来解决住房危机。故选B项。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。由最后一中的“T avid the traffic jams, Mr. Calthrpe puts frward a plan which requires efficient mass transprtatin. He has prpsed an alternative—autnmus rapid transprtatin r ART—using fleets (车队) f self-driving tracks in reserved lanes n main rads like E1 Camin Real. (为了避免交通堵塞，Mr. Calthrpe提出了一个需要高效大规模运输的计划。他提出了一种替代性的自动快速交通或ART，在E1 Camin Real等主要道路的保留车道上使用自动驾驶轨道车队)”可知，Mr. Calthrpe解决交通堵塞的办法是使用公共交通，在保留的主要道路使用自动驾驶轨道车队。故选D项。
D
Have yu ever seen ne f the many vides f an elephant grabbing a paintbrush, putting it in paint, and prducing a painting similar t smething a 5-year-ld culd create? While watching an elephant paint is an amazing sight, we can’t help but wnder whether the training methds and results reflect animal cruelty.
A 2014 study n fur captive (圈养的) Asian elephants at the Melburne Z in Australia sught t identify stress-related behavirs arund the activity f painting. While the researchers fund that the elephants had a neutral respnse t painting—nt stressful, nr enriching—it seemed that when an elephant was nt selected t paint, it displayed nn-interactive behavir. This is seen as a pssible signal f stress in the animals.
In additin, PETA, a famus animal rights grup, has cited several American zs that use harmful training methds t get elephants t paint, perfrm tricks, play instruments, and mre. Nt every z that rganizes elephant painting uses aggressin (攻击) t encurage the elephants. Hwever, PETA argues that animal shelters shuld nt frce animals t d tricks at all.
Activist rganizatins warn that elephants can underg extreme discmfrt in the training prcess. Furthermre, many f the painting elephants are very yung, at an age where they shuld still be with their mthers. It raises questins abut whether there’s a chance they were caught fr the express purpse f perfrming, r if they culd smehw be restred t a return t the wild.
It is difficult t supprt any kind f trained behavir that differs greatly frm a wild animal’s natural tendencies. The rle f a shelter, ideally, is t allw an animal t live as clse t its nrmal life as pssible, perhaps with an eye t returning the animal t the wild; teaching them t paint des nt seem t align with that target, particularly if it’s nt a learned behavir that the animal wuld be willing t d independently.
12. What can be safely cncluded frm the 2014 study?
A. Researchers didn’t cllect slid evidence.
B. Painting prmted elephants’ interactin.
C. Negative effects f painting were cnfirmed.
D. Elephants made strng respnses t painting.
13. What is a cncern f activist rganizatins?
A. Cmplexity f the training prcess.B. Purpses f elephants’ perfrmance.
C. Daily activities f captive elephants.D. Ptential fr elephants’ return t nature.
14. What des the underlined phrase “align with” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Wander ff. B. Set up. C. Cnsist with.D. G against.
15. What might be the best title fr the text?
A. Hw PETA Helps? B. Why Animal Rights?
C. Shuld Elephants Paint?D. Shuld Elephants live in captivity?
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了“大象绘画”这一现象可能反映了虐待动物的行为，我们不应该强迫动物进行这种训练，而是应该让动物尽可能接近其正常生活，或让它们回归野外。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“While the researchers fund that the elephants had a neutral respnse t painting—nt stressful, nr enriching—it seemed that when an elephant was nt selected t paint, it displayed nn-interactive behavir. This is seen as a pssible signal f stress in the animals.”（尽管研究人员发现大象对绘画的反应是中性的——既没有压力，也没有丰富——但当大象没有被选中绘画时，它似乎表现出了非互动行为。这被视为动物压力的可能信号。）可知，研究人员发现，当大象没有被选中绘画时，它似乎表现出了非互动行为，但这只被视为动物压力的可能信号，并不是确凿的证据，由此可知，从2014年的研究中可以得出的安全结论是研究人员没有收集到确凿的证据。故选A项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段关键句“It raises questins abut whether there’s a chance they were caught fr the express purpse f perfrming, r if they culd smehw be restred t a return t the wild.”（这引发了人们的疑问，它们是否有可能因为表演而被抓住，或者它们是否可以以某种方式回到野外。）可知，活动性社团组织担心这些表演的大象是否因为表演而被抓住，它们是否可以回到野外，由此可知，活动性社团组织担心的是大象回归自然的可能性。故选D项。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题。根据画线短语句中“The rle f a shelter, ideally, is t allw an animal t live as clse t its nrmal life as pssible, perhaps with an eye t returning the animal t the wild”（理想情况下，庇护所的作用是让动物尽可能接近其正常生活，也许是为了让动物回归野外）可知，庇护所的作用是让动物尽可能接近其正常生活，或让动物回归野外，由此可知，教它们画画与这个目标不一致，“Cnsist with”意为“和……一致”，能够表达画线短语在句中所要表达的意思。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段关键句“While watching an elephant paint is an amazing sight, we can’t help but wnder whether the training methds and results reflect animal cruelty.”（虽然观看大象绘画是一个令人惊叹的景象，但我们不禁怀疑训练方法和结果是否反映了虐待动物的行为。）可知，本文介绍了“大象绘画”这一现象可能反映了虐待动物的行为，我们不应该强迫动物进行这种训练，而是应该让动物尽可能接近其正常生活，或让它们回归野外，“Shuld Elephants Paint?”意为“大象应该画画吗？”选项能够概括文章主要内容。故选C项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have yu nticed hw evenings cl ff mre in rural areas than they d in cities? Urban areas als tend t get htter during the day than any nearby areas with lts f greenery.____16____
It’s mainly caused by the difference in materials that cver the grund in urban areas and the cuntryside. In the cuntry, evapratin(蒸发)f water frm sil and the leaves f plants helps t cl the air.____17____Having fewer plants, cities have less evapratin and are unable t cl dwn the temperature.
Dark clurs are anther prblem. Dark bjects absrb all wavelengths f light, making the temperature increase mre nticeably. In cntrast, white bjects reflect all wavelengths f light energy.____18____Sadly, mst parts f cities are cvered by asphalt(沥青), steel, rfs and bricks which are ften dark in clur.
____19____As peple drive cars, heat buildings, and run air cnditiners, cities are generating waste heat and puring it int the atmsphere directly. The waste heat adds t the slar energy trapped by the tall buildings.
But cities dn’t have t be s ht. Sme cities have lightened their streets. This is dne by cvering black asphalt streets, parking lts, and dark rfs with a mre reflective gray cating. ____20____
Having mre green spaces als helps. Plants serve as a natural air cnditiner. They catch heat, release vapur(蒸汽)int the air, and take away heat, cntributing t cler, fresher cities.
A. Cities als prduce mre heat than suburban areas.
B. The higher the temperature, the shrter the wavelength.
C. This phenmenn is knwn as the urban heat-island effect.
D. S it will nt be transfrmed int heat which makes the air ht.
E. Changes in building materials have a minimal effect n city temperatures.
F. Much f the sil in cities, by cntrast, has been cvered with rads and buildings.
G. These changes can decrease air temperatures dramatically, especially in summer.
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. D 19. A 20. G
【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普说明文。文章介绍了热岛效应。
【16题详解】
段末句，考查段落结论句。根据上文提示“Have yu nticed hw evenings cl ff mre in rural areas than they d in cities? Urban areas als tend t get htter during the day than any nearby areas with lts f greenery.”（你有没有注意到，农村的夜晚比城市凉爽得多?城市地区在白天也往往比附近有很多绿色植物的地区更热。）可知，本文是一篇介绍热岛效应的科普文。首段的行文逻辑为从现象到结论，从而引出热岛效应这一地理名词。所以，C项“This phenmenn is knwn as the urban heat-island effect.”（这种现象被称为城市热岛效应。）符合题意。故选C。
【17题详解】
段中句，考查转折性过渡句。F选项“Much f the sil in cities, by cntrast, has been cvered with rads and buildings.”（相比之下，城市的大部分土壤已经被道路和建筑物覆盖。）的“城市的土地被道路和建筑覆盖”与前一句“evapratin f water frm sil and the leaves f plants helps t cl t air”（土壤和植物叶子中的水分蒸发有助于冷却到空气中）形成转折关系。这两句回应第二段主题句“It’s mainly caused by the difference in materials that cver the grund in urban areas and the cuntryside.”（这主要是由于城市和农村覆盖地面的材料不同造成的。）故选F。
【18题详解】
段中句，考查结论性过渡句。空前句子“In cntrast, white bjects reflect all wavelengths f light energy”（相反，白色物体反射所有波长的光能）和D选项“S it will nt be transfrmed int heat which makes the air ht.”（所以它不会转化为使空气变热的热量。）形成因果关系。即，白色物品会反射所有波长的光，因此能量不会被转换成热量，从而让空气变热。故选D。
【19题详解】
段首句，考查段落主题句。A选项“Cities als prduce mre heat than suburban areas.”（城市也比郊区产生更多的热量。）中的“prduce mre heat（产生更多的热量）”与选项下一句“As peple drive cars, heat buildings, and run air cnditiners, cities are generating waste heat and puring it int the atmsphere directly.”（随着人们开车、给建筑物供暖和使用空调，城市正在产生废热，并将其直接排放到大气中。）中的“generate waste heat（产生废热）”形成对应关系。开车，供暖或是开空调都是产生热量的行为。故选A。
【20题详解】
段末句，考查递进逻辑关系。本段的讨论内容为解决热岛效应的方法。G选项中的“these changes（这些变化）”对应了选项前面一句的方法，即，“cvering black asphalt streets, parking lts, and dark rfs with a mre reflective gray cating”（覆盖黑色沥青街道、停车场和深色屋顶的反光性更强的灰色涂层）。同时，G选项“These changes can decrease air temperatures dramatically, especially in summer.”（这些变化会使气温急剧下降，尤其是在夏天。）进一步解释了这些举措所能带来的好处，与前文形成递进关系。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I lived with my mther and three yunger brthers. We never had much, but that was OK, fr we made ends meet ___21___.
Years later, I was ___22___ int the University f Pittsburgh and received sme academic schlarships that ___23___ my tuitin. Rm and bard were nt included s I chse t pay fr the meal plan but nt the ___24___ because it was t expensive. I drve my ___25___ van(厢式货车) t the campus and purchased a ___26___ pass s as t live in my van.
The ___27___ in Pittsburgh was bad. It was super ht and humid in summer and freezing cld and snwy in winter. Being hmeless ___28___ me t use everything the campus had t ffer ___29___ I wanted t spend as little time in my van as pssible.
I spent mst f my spare time at the ___30___. Besides, I ften visited my prfessrs’ ffices. I didn’t really speak much unless ___31___ t, but nt wanting t sit arund in my van made me ___32___ ut f my cmfrt zne and d new things. I really develped a(n)___33___ persnality because f it.
Nw, I have gt a really gd jb and have been ___34___ my brthers t prepare fr life. Lking back, I want t say that suffering is nt just an experience fr me, but a precius spiritual ___35___ as well.
21. A. either B. smewhatC. anyhwD. still
22. A. invited B. admittedC. allwedD. acquired
23. A. cvered B. cnsumedC. cmpletedD. cntained
24. A. bks B. fd C. clthes D. husing
25. A. fashinableB. big C. traditinalD. wrn
26. A. reading B. parkingC. swimmingD. living
27. A. scenery B. atmsphereC. weatherD. situatin
28. A. permittedB. frced C. requiredD. expected
29. A. since B. althughC. unless D. while
30. A. campus B. playgrundC. drmitryD. library
31. A. shuted B. quarreledC. spkenD. discussed
32. A. bring B. take C. run D. step
33. A. easygingB. utgingC. humrusD. generus
34. A. helping B. appintingC. prmtingD. warning
35. A. influenceB. reflectinC. wealth D. prtectin
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者家境贫寒，上大学后没有钱住宿舍，只好住在一辆破旧的厢式货车里。坚强乐观的作者充分利用一切机会刻苦学习并不断改变、提升自我，最终拥有了幸福的人生。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们的钱不多，但也还好，反正我们的收支相抵。A. either也（不）；B. smewhat 稍微，有点；C. anyhw无论如何，不管怎样；D. still仍然。根据“We never had much”及转折词but可知，虽然作者家境贫寒，但是不管怎么说，还是能够设法做到收支相抵。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年后，我被匹兹堡大学录取，并获得了一些学术奖学金，以支付我的学费。A. invited邀请；B. admitted承认，接收（入学）；C. allwed允许；D. acquired获得。根据下文“received sme academic schlarships”可知，作者被匹兹堡大学录取了，并且拿到了奖学金。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年后，我被匹兹堡大学录取，并获得了一些学术奖学金，以支付我的学费。A. cvered遮盖，足够支付；B. cnsumed消费，消耗；C. cmpleted完成；D. cntained包含。分析句子结构可知，此处是that引导的定语从句，that指代先行词schlarships，指作者的奖学金能够支付他的学费。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：房费和伙食费不包括在内，所以我选择付餐费，但不付房费，因为太贵了。A. bks书；B. fd食物；C. clthes衣服；D. husing房屋，住宿。根据下文“s as t live in my van”可知，作者选择住在厢式货车上，所以此处指没有钱支付住宿的费用。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我开着我那辆破旧的厢式货车去了学校，买了一张停车卡，这样我就可以住在车里了。A. fashinable时尚的；B. big大的；C. traditinal传统的；D. wrn破旧的。根据上文内容可知，作者家的经济条件很差，食宿都成问题，因此他的厢式货车一定是破旧不堪的。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动名词词义辨析。句意：我开着我那辆破旧的厢式货车去了学校，买了一张停车卡，这样我就可以住在车里了。A. reading阅读；B. parking停车；C. swimming游泳；D. living居住。根据常理及下文根据下文“s as t live in my van”可知，作者想把厢式货车长期停放在校园里，必须购买停车许可证。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：匹兹堡的天气非常糟糕。A. scenery风景；B. atmsphere氛围；C. weather天气；D. situatin情况。根据下一句“It was super ht and humid in summer and freezing cld and snwy in winter.(夏天超级炎热潮湿，冬天又冷又多雪)”可知，匹兹堡的天气非常糟糕，夏天炎热潮湿，冬季寒冷多雪。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：无家可归迫使我利用学校提供的一切资源，因为我想尽可能少地待在我的厢式货车里。A. permitted批准，许可；B. frced强迫；C. required需要；D. expected期望。根据语境并结合常理可知，没有温暖的住所迫使作者尽可能充分利用校园里能提供的一切便利条件。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：无家可归迫使我利用学校提供的一切资源，因为我想尽可能少地待在我的厢式货车里。A. since因为，自从；B. althugh尽管；C. unless除非；D. while然而，当……时。根据前后的逻辑关系可知，此处用since引导原因状语从句，因为作者想在车里待的时间尽可能少一些。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的大部分业余时间都在图书馆度过。A. campus校园；B. playgrund操场；C. drmitry宿舍；D. library图书馆。根据前文“Being hmeless me t use everything the campus had t ffer”并结合常理可知，作者大部分业余时间都在学校图书馆度过。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很少说话，除非有人跟我说话，但我不想坐在我的厢式货车里，这让我走出我的舒适区，去做新的事情。A. shuted喊叫；B. quarreled吵架；C. spken说话；D. discussed讨论。根据空前“I didn’t really speak”及下文内容可知，作者原本是一个比较内向的人，别人不跟他讲话，他很少主动讲话。speak t sb.和某人说话。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很少说话，除非有人跟我说话，但我不想坐在我的厢式货车里，这让我走出我的舒适区，去做新的事情。A. bring带来； B. take取，拿；C. run跑步；D. step迈步。根据上下文语境可知，作者不想整天坐在自己的货车里，这就使得作者不得不走出舒适区，挑战自我，全新蜕变。step ut f从……中走出去。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我因此养成了外向的性格。A. easyging随和的；B. utging外向的；C. humrus幽默的；D. generus慷慨的。根据上文“but nt wanting t sit arund in my van made me ______ ut f my cmfrt zne and d new things”可知，作者不得不走出舒适区，做一些新的事情，慢慢形成了外向的性格。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，我有了一份非常好的工作，一直在帮助我的兄弟们为生活做准备。A. helping帮助；B. appinting任命，指派；C. prmting促进，提升；D. warning警告。根据上文的描述及“I have gt a really gd jb(现在我有了一份很不错的工作)”可知，作者是一个坚强乐观、积极上进的人，在自己有了能力之后，就去帮助自己的弟弟们。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：回首过去，我想说，苦难对我来说不仅仅是一种经历，更是一种宝贵的精神财富。A. influence影响；B. reflectin反映，反思；C. wealth财富；D. prtectin保护。根据常识并结合上文内容可知，回首往事，作者想说，苦难对自己来说不仅仅是一种经历，更是一笔宝贵的精神财富。故选C项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yung Chinese cnsumers are becming fans f hme-made brands and turning their back n freign prducts.
Accrding t a recent survey____36____(cnduct) by wenjuan.cm, sme 96 percent f the surveyed yuth said they were willing t purchase gucha prducts,____37____refer t prducts by hmegrwn brands. At the same time, 91.6 percent f____38____expressed their expectatins fr mre vide prgrams digging____39____(deep) int traditinal Chinese culture than befre. Over the past decade, Chinese fd, drink and persnal care brands____40____(expand) their market share by 3.3 percent t nearly 70 percent. In additin, the pinin that freign prducts are superir has been ____41____(gradual) abandned by Chinese yungsters.
The age grup f the ____42____(interviewee) ranged frm the pst-90s t the pst-2000s generatins, with the latter ____43____(accunt) fr 22.1 percent. Unlike lder generatins wh might favr Western culture and brands, Chinese yuth were brn and raised when the cuntry’s ecnmy was taking ff, s they tend ____44____(have) strng cnfidence in their natinal identity and culture.
The yuth, wh nwadays can access _____45_____wide variety f China’s cultural heritages (遗产), are carrying the respnsibility f spreading Chinese culture. Obviusly, they’re really ding well.
【答案】36. cnducted 37. which 38. them 39. deeper 40. have expanded 41. gradually 42. interviewees 43. accunting 44. t have 45. a
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述中国年轻一代更愿意购买国潮产品及产生这种现象的原因。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：根据问卷网最近进行的一项调查，约96%的受访青年表示他们愿意购买国潮产品，这些产品是指本土品牌的产品。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词。survey与cnduct是动宾关系，故用过去分词，作定语，故填cnducted。
【37题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：根据问卷网最近进行的一项调查，约96%的受访青年表示他们愿意购买国潮产品，这些产品是指本土品牌的产品。根据句意及句子结构可知，此句是非限制性定语从句，引导词指代先行词gucha prducts，并在从句中作主语，故填which。
【38题详解】
考查代词。句意：与此同时，91.6%的受访者表达了他们对更多比以前更深入地挖掘中国传统文化的视频节目的期望。根据句意及句子结构可知， f是介词，此处指代the surveyed yuth，表示“受访的年轻人们”。故推知f后用第三人称代词宾格的复数。故填them。
【39题详解】
考查比较级。句意：与此同时，91.6%的受访者表达了他们对更多比以前更深入地挖掘中国传统文化的视频节目的期望。根据句子结构及than可知，此处应填副词的比较级，表示“更深地”，作状语，故填deeper。
【40题详解】
考查时态。句意：在过去的十年中，中国食品，饮料和个人护理品牌的市场份额扩大了3.3%，达到近70%。根据句意及时间状语Over the past decade可知，时态应用现在完成时，表示过去发生的事对现在的影响。主语Chinese fd, drink and persnal care brands是复数，助动词应用have，故填have expanded。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：此外，国外产品优越的观点也逐渐被中国年轻人抛弃。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处应填副词gradually，作状语，修饰动词abandned，表示“逐渐地”，故填gradually。
【42题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：受访者的年龄组由90后至00后不等，后者占22.1%。根据句意及句子结构可知，interviewee为可数名词，无不定冠词修饰，故用可数名词复数，故填interviewees。
【43题详解】
考查with的复合结构及非谓语动词。句意：受访者的年龄组由90后至00后不等，后者占22.1%。根据句子结构可知，此处是with的复合结构，此处应填非谓语动词。the latter与accunt是主谓关系，故用现在分词，故填accunting。
【44题详解】
考查不定式。句意：与可能喜欢西方文化和品牌的年长一辈人不同，中国年轻人是在经济起飞时出生和长大的，因此他们往往对自己的民族认同和文化有很强的信心。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处考查短语tend t d sth.，表示“往往会做某事”，故填不定式，作宾语，故填t have。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：如今，年轻人可以获得各种各样的中国文化遗产，他们肩负着传播中国文化的责任。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处考查短语a variety f，表示“各种各样的，不同种类的”。wide以辅音音素开头，故填a。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 5月19日是濒危物种日(Endangered Species Day)，为提高保护野生动植物的意识，你受学生会委托在校英文报发布一则倡议书，具体内容包括：
1. 倡议目的；
2. 你的建议；
3. 你的呼吁。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear fellw students,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Dear fellw students,
With Endangered Species Day appraching, I’m writing t appeal t all f yu t prtect wild animals and plants.
As we all knw, we human beings culd nt live withut wildlife, because they play an imprtant rle in keeping the balance f nature. Prtecting them is actually prtecting urselves. We can put sme relevant psters arund the schl and hand ut sme leaflets in the neighbrhd. What’s mre, we can als attend sme lectures t have a better understanding f wildlife and their situatin.
We students can als d ur part. Let’s take actin right nw!
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
At the age f 17, I frmed a band with three classmates. After we wn the first prize at ur schl’s talent shw, we decided t see if we culd get sme lcal perfrmances. When we fund ut we’d gtten bked fr a charitable event at a large hspital, we were excited. Fr tw weeks, we practiced hard, getting tgether every day after schl t sharpen ur skills and learn enugh sngs t fill a ne-hur shw.
On the day f the cncert, we shwed up early t check ut the stage. We set up and did a quick sund check, then went backstage t have a sda and rest. While we were back there, the hspital’s entertainment directr came ver t talk t us.
“Okay, bys, I just want t fill yu in n a cuple f imprtant details,” she tld us. “A lt f the peple in the audience are suffering frm severe physical r mental disabilities. Als, many f them are very ld. Dn’t let that alarm yu. They have very few chances t see live entertainment f any kind, s they enjy any kind f musical talent. Just play yur regular shw, and yu’ll d fine.” With that, she left, ging t help the vlunteers and staff that were assisting the patients t their seats.
Sn enugh, it was shwtime. Everything was perfect, and we played prbably the best shw f ur lives. We hardly missed a nte n any f ur sngs. Unfrtunately, we culdn’t enjy ur perfrmance. As each sng finished, there was a shrt pause. This was the time when the audience wuld nrmally applaud. Nw, we were getting nthing. Zer. The deafening silence nly made us mre determined t win the audience ver. We tried harder. Lud sngs, sft sngs, it made n difference. After frty-five minutes, we decided t end ur set early. Why bther finishing when n ne was appreciating us anyway? We unplugged (拔去) ur instruments and went backstage.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A mment later, the entertainment directr ran back t us.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Returning t the stage, we played ur final three sngs.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】
A mment later, the entertainment directr ran back t us. She asked us why we didn’t finish the shw as prmised. We tld her hw embarrassed we felt when we played in frnt f cmplete silence. We als expressed ur cncern that they must dislike us. “What are yu talking abut?” asked the directr, “I’ve been talking t them. They lve yu s much.” It turned ut that they just didn’t knw they were suppsed t clap. Or they simply culdn’t d s due t severe physical r mental disabilities. All f us stared at her in disbelief, and we decided t keep ur wrd and finish the shw.
Returning t the stage, we played ur final three sngs. Finally, with the shw ver, we began packing up ur instruments. We had still received n applause. Hwever, as we were t leave, at least fifty peple crwded nt the stage. All f them wanted t thank us; sme shk ur hands, and sme surrunded us with a wide grin. Several tld us that we were the best band that had played fr them in years. We culdn’t believe it. We never felt as gd as we did that ne special night.