Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister.知识点讲义 -2024-2025学年人教版英语八年级上册

这是一份Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister.知识点讲义 -2024-2025学年人教版英语八年级上册，共8页。
Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister.★★★ Section A 重点单词1. outgoing adj.爱交际的;友好的;外向的→ shy adj.(反义词)害羞的2. both adj. & pron.两个;两个都3. better adj. & adv.( good 和 well的比较级)较好的(地);更好的(地)→best adj.& adv.最好的(地)4. loudly adv.喧闹地;大声地;响亮地→loud adj.响亮的;大声的→aloud adv.出声地;大声地5. quietly adv.轻声地;轻柔地;安静地→quiet adj.安静的6. hard- working adj.工作努力的;辛勤的7.competition n.比赛;竞赛;竞争→compete v.比赛→competitor n.参赛者8. fantastic adj.极好的;了不起的9. which pron.& adj.哪一个;哪一些10. clearly adv.清楚地;清晰地;明白地 → clear adj.清楚的11. win v.获胜;赢;赢得→won(过去式)→ winner n. 胜利者12. though adv.不过;可是;然而 conj.虽然; 尽管；不过 Section A 重点短语1. as … as和……一样2. both … and …和⋯⋯都3. singing competition 歌唱比赛4. the most important最重要的5. which one哪一个 Section A 重点句子1.萨姆和汤姆都会打鼓，但是萨姆比汤姆打得好。 Both Sam and Tom can play the drums, but Sam plays them better than Tom.2.那是塔拉，是吗? That's Tara, isn't it?3.—噢，哪一个是莉莎?—头发较短的那个。我认为她唱歌比内莉唱得更清晰。— Oh, which one was Lisa?— The one with shorter hair. I think she sang more clearly than Nelly.4.但最重要的事是学到一些新东西并获得乐趣。 But the most important thing is to learn something new and have fun.5.—塔拉学习和蒂娜一样努力吗?—对，是的。— Does Tara work as hard as Tina?— Yes, she does. Section B 重点单词1. talented adj.有才能的;有才干的 →talent n.天资；天赋2. truly adv.真正;确实→true adj.真的;符合事实的→truth n.真实;事实3. care v.在意;担忧;关心→careful adj.仔细的→careless adj.粗心的4. laugh v.笑;发笑n.笑声→laughter n.笑声5. serious adj. 严肃的;稳重的 → seriously adv.严肃地6. mirror n.镜子7. kid n.小孩;年轻人8. necessary adj.必需的;必要的→unnecessary adj. 不必的 → necessity n. 必要(性) → necessarily adv.必要地9. grade n.成绩等级;评分等级10. should modal v.应该;应当;可以11. saying n.谚语;格言;警句12. reach v.伸手;到达;抵达13. hand n.手14. touch v.感动;触摸→touching adj.令人感动的→touched adj.感动的15. heart n.内心;心脏16. fact n.现实;事实17. break v.(使)破;裂;碎;损坏 →broke(过去式)→broken adj.破损的;残缺的18. arm n.手臂;上肢19. share v.分享;共用;分摊20. loud adj.响亮的;大声的 →loudly adv. 大声地21. similar adj.相像的;类似的→similarity n. 类似；相似点22. primary adj.最初的;最早的23. information n.信息;消息★★★ Section B 重点短语1. care about 关心;在意2. that's why ... 这便是为什么……; 这就是⋯⋯的原因3. as long as 只要;既然4. be different from ...与······不同;与······有差异5. be talented in …在······方面有天赋6. the same as ...和······相同;与······一致7. in fact 确切地说;事实上;实际上8. be similar to ...与⋯⋯相像的;类似的9. primary school 小学10. bring out使显现;使表现出11. be there 随叫随到;不离……左右 Section B 重点句子1.但是我认为朋友如书——不在多而贵在好。 But I think friends are like books — you don't need a lot of them as long as they' re good.2.我并不十分在乎我的朋友跟我一样，或是与我不同。I don't really care if my friends are the same as me or different.3.一个真正的朋友会在需要时给你帮助，使你感动。A ture friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.4.我最好的朋友(能够)帮我激发出自己的所能。 My best friend helps to bring out the best in me.5.拨打443-5667 向英语学习中心咨询更多信息。 Call the English Study Center at 443-5667 for more information.单 元 知 识 讲 解1. Both Sam and Tom can play the drums, but Sam plays them better than Tom.汤姆和萨姆都会打鼓，但是萨姆比汤姆打得好。【重点讲解】(1) both … and … 意为“……和……两者都”，用于连接两个并列的成分，当它们连接两个主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。如： Both my mom and I are watching TV at home.我和我的妈妈都在家看电视。(2) both 的用法【1】both 可直接放在名词前作定语，如果名词前有 the, these, my等限定词，可放在这些词的前面,也可用 both of 加上这些词 Both ( of) my parents work in a hospital.我的父母都在医院工作。【2】和代词连用时 主格+ both(作主语) both of + 宾格 (作主语或宾语)宾格 + both(作 宾语) 例子：We must thank both of you. = We must thank you both. 我们应该感谢你们俩。【3】 both 和谓语连用时, 应放在 be动词、助动 词、情态动词之后，行为动词之前 The two sisters can both drive cars.这两姐妹 都会开汽车。【重点拓展】 both 意为“两者都”; all意为“(三者或三者以上的)所有都”； none意为“(三者或三者以上的)都不”； either 意为“两者中的任何一个”; neither意为“两者都不”。【重点演练】( )(1) There are lots of trees on ____ sides of the street.A. each B. both C. all( )(2)— What do your parents do?— They ____ doctors.A. are all B. are both C. all are2. That's Tara, isn't it? 那是塔拉,是吗?【重点讲解】这句话是一个反意疑问句。反意疑问句由“陈述句+简短问句”构成，遵循“前肯后否”或“前否后肯”的原则。反意疑问句的答语应该符合事实，事实是肯定的用 yes，事实是否定的用 no。如：— Tina runs faster than you, doesn't she?蒂娜跑得比你快，是吗?— Yes, she does.对,是的。【重点演练】( ) You watched the singing competition yesterday,____?did you B. don't you C. didn't you3. I'm shy so it's not easy for me to make friends.我很腼腆，因此交朋友对于我来说不容易。It's + adj.+ for/ of sb. to do sth.意为“对某人来说，做某事是⋯⋯的”【重点讲解】It's+ adj. + for sb. to do sth. adj.为描 述事物特征的词， 修饰的是 to do sth. 如：necessary, important, difficult, hard, easy, interesting, boring... It's hard for me to answer your question.回答你的问题对我来说太难了。It's+ adj. + of sb. to do sth. adj.为描述人物品质及性格特征的词，修饰的是 sb. 如：kind, nice, clever, foolish . .. It's kind of him to show me the way。他出于善意，给我指路。【重点演练】用正确的介词填空。(1) It's dangerous ____ a child to stay at home alone.(2) It's very nice ____ you to help me with my study.4. I don't really care if my friends are the same as me or different.我并不十分在乎我的朋友跟我一样或与我不同。【重点讲解】(1) if在这里作连词，意为“是否”，引导宾语从句。如：I want to know if he can play the drums. 我想知道他是否会打鼓。(2) the same as …意为“和⋯⋯一样;与⋯⋯一致”;表示“与⋯⋯不同”用 be different from ...;表示“与······相似”用 be similar to ...。如: My idea is the same as yours.我的想法和你的一样。5. A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart. 一个真正的朋友会在你需要时给你帮助，使你感动。【重点讲解】reach for one's hand 意为“伸出手帮某人一把”。此处 reach 意为“伸出(手；手臂)”，此处为不及物动词。 reach 还可作及物动词，后面直接加地点名词，意为“到达；抵达”。如: They didn't reach Chengdu until it was dark.他们天黑以后才到达成都。【重点拓展】与 reach 意思相近的词语还有 arrive 和 get,但是它们的用法有所区别,具体如下：①reach表示“到达；抵达”的时候是及物动词，后面直接接宾语。② arrive 是不及物动词，后面接地点的时候要先接介词 in(+大地点)或 at(+小地点)。③get是不及物动词，后面应先加介词 to,再接地点。如: He reached Beijing last Sunday. = He arrived in Beijing last Sunday. = He got to Beijing last Sunday.他上周日到达北京。(2) touch one's heart 意为“打动某人的心；令某人感动”，其中 touch 用作及物动词，意为“感动”。如： The story touched my heart. 这个故事令我感动。【重点拓展】 touch的形容词: touched 感动的,相当于 moved; touching 令人感动的,相当于 moving。如: This story is really touching/ moving, soI'm touched/ moved.这个故事太感人了,所以我深受感动。【重点演练】(1)选用 reach, arrive 与 get 填空。① If you ____ too late, the host will be unhappy.② When did Jim ____ the subway station?③ We must ____ to school before 8:00 in the morning.(2)用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。I was so ____( touch) after watching the movie Mom that I couldn't sleep.6. I think a good friend makes me laugh.我认为好朋友会使我欢笑。【重点讲解】 make 在此处表示“使;让”。 make sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”。 make sb./ sth. +adj.意为“使/让某人/某事怎么样”。如： His mother made him finish the work alone.他妈妈让他一个人完成这项工作。 Comedies make me very happy.喜剧让我很开心。【重点演练】( ) The boss (老板) makes the worker____10 hours every day.work B. working C. to work重 点 语法 小结形容词和副词的比较级1.定义英语中，形容词和副词有三个等级：原级、比较级、最高级。当两者进行比较时，用比较级；三者或三者以上进行比较用最高级。比较的对象通常是属于同一性质或范畴的人或物。2.构成形容词、 副词变化规则 一般情况直接在词尾加 - er,若以字母e结尾，则直接加-r。 long— longer; tall— taller; late — later; nice— nicer以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词以“辅音字 母+y”结尾的双音节词，先双写末尾的辅音字母， 再加- er。 先变 y为i, 再加- er。 big— bigger; thin — thinner; fat— fatter easy— easier; happy— happier; heavy — heavier; early— earlier多音节词和部分双音节词特殊单词词前加more。 difficult — more difficult; careful — more careful 不规则变化（好坏多少远老）good/ well— better; bad — worse; many/ much — more; little—less，far— farther/ further，old—elder（作定语）3.用法(1)“A+谓语 + 比较级 + than + B”意为“A 比 B 更……”。如: Linda is taller than Sam. 琳达比萨姆高。(2) 比较级之前可用 much, far,a bit,a lot,a little, even 等词修饰,用以加强语气。如： Dad feels much better today.爸爸今天感觉好多了。(3)“比较级 + and + 比较级”意为“越来越……”。如: Our society will become better and better.我们的社会将变得越来越好。(4)“ the+比较级⋯⋯, the+比较级⋯⋯”意为“越⋯⋯,越⋯⋯”。如: The more you eat, the fatter you will become.你吃得越多，就会变得越胖。(5)“A + 谓语 + the + 比较级 + of the two …”意为“A 是两者之中更……的”。如: She is the more outgoing of the two girls.她是两个女孩中更外向的。【重点拓展】①当表示两者在某一方面程度相同时，用“ as+形容词或副词原级+ as”结构。如：I think science is as important as math. 我认为科学和数学一样重要。②当表示一方在某一方面不及另一方时,用“ not as/ so+形容词或副词原级 + as”结构。如： It is not as/ so cold today as yesterday. 今天没有昨天冷。【语法演练】1. I think Sally did as ____( good) as Lucy in the math competition.2. Linda is much ____ ( hard- working) than Anna.3. This box is much ____( heavy), isn’t it?4. Jenny works ____, but David works even ____.( hard)5. This story is very ____, but that story is ____ than this one.( interest)