初中人教版（2024）Unit 5 What are the shirts made of?综合与测试课后作业题

这是一份初中人教版（2024）Unit 5 What are the shirts made of?综合与测试课后作业题，共10页。

一般现在时的被动语态
知识点01 概念
【语法详解】语态的概念：在英语中有主动语态和被动语态两种语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
We speak English. 我们讲英语。(主动语态)
English is spken by us. 英语被我们讲。(被动语态)
一般现在时的被动语态：表示现在发生的动作或存在的状态,主语是动作的承受者。
知识点02 句型结构
【语法详解】一般现在时的被动语态的句型结构
(1)肯定句:主语 + am/is/are + 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他
The desk is made by him,这张桌子是他做的。
(2)否定句:主语 + am/is/are + nt + 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他,
The desk isn't made by him.这张桌子不是他做的。
(3)一般疑问句:Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他?
Is the desk made by him? 这张桌子是他做的吗?
(4)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他?
Where is the desk made by him? 这张桌子是他在哪儿做的?
知识点03 被动语态的用法
【语法详解】被动语态的用法：
(1)当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,或是没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时,可用被动语态
This desk is made f wd. 这张桌子是由木头制成的。
(2)强调动作的承受者时,要用被动语态。
Her bike is stlen. 她的自行车被偷了。
知识点04 主动语态改成被动语态
【语法详解】主动语态改成被动语态转换步骤
第一步:先确定主动句中的主语、谓语和宾语,找出其中的谓语动词。
第二步:把主动句中谓语动词后面的宾语变为被动句的主语,若宾语是人称代词,应把宾格变为主格。
第三步:把主动句中的谓语动词变为“助动词be十及物动词的过去分词”,但时态不能改变。
第四步:把主动句中谓语动词前面的主语变为被动句中介词by的宾语(没必要说出动作的执行者时可省略),若主语是人称代词,应把主格变为宾格。
知识点05 必背过去分词
【经典练】
1．（2023·湖南益阳·统考中考真题）With the develpment f technlgy, cmputers ________ in class nw.
A．useB．usedC．are used
2．（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）The Mnkey King is a traditinal Chinese character. It ________ by peple f all ages.
A．is lvedB．was lvedC．will lveD．is lving
3．（2023·辽宁丹东·统考中考真题）Tea is very ppular in the wrld. It ________ in many different areas in China nw.
A．prducesB．prducedC．is prducedD．was prduced
4．（2023·北京·统考中考真题）The park is getting mre and mre beautiful because mre kinds f flwers ________ every year.
A．are plantedB．were plantedC．plantD．planted
5．（2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）Sand turns t glass when it ________ by lightning.
A．hitsB．is hitC．is hittingD．will be hit
6．（2023·河北·统考中考真题）Breakfast ________ every day fr peple aged ver 60 fr free in this village.
A．prvidesB．prvidedC．is prvidedD．was prvided
7．（2023·湖北鄂州·统考中考真题）—What language ________ in Germany?
—Mst peple speak German, but many can speak English, t.
A．speakB．is spkenC．is speakingD．speaks
8．（2023·湖北孝感·统考中考真题）— Have yu heard f the UN Chinese Language Day?
— Of curse. Chinese ________ by mre and mre peple arund the wrld nwadays.
A．spkeB．is spkenC．speaksD．was spken
9．（2023·湖南郴州·统考中考真题）Many trees and flwers ________ every year t make ur envirnment mre beautiful.
A．plantB．are plantedC．were planted
10．（2023·四川成都·统考中考真题）A great number f beautiful flwers ________ n the secnd ring rad in Chengdu these days.
A．plantB．are plantedC．are planting
答案
1．（2023·湖南益阳·统考中考真题）With the develpment f technlgy, cmputers ________ in class nw.
A．useB．usedC．are used
【答案】C
【详解】句意：随着技术的发展，计算机现在在课堂上使用。
考查被动语态。主语cmputers和谓语use“使用”之间是被动关系，用被动语态be dne。故选C。
2．（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）The Mnkey King is a traditinal Chinese character. It ________ by peple f all ages.
A．is lvedB．was lvedC．will lveD．is lving
【答案】A
【详解】句意：孙悟空是中国的一个传统人物。它受到所有年龄段的人的喜爱。
考查被动语态及动词时态。根据“by”可知，此处是被动语态，指孙悟空被人们喜爱。本句陈述事实，故为一般现在时。故选A。
3．（2023·辽宁丹东·统考中考真题）Tea is very ppular in the wrld. It ________ in many different areas in China nw.
A．prducesB．prducedC．is prducedD．was prduced
【答案】C
【详解】句意：茶在世界上很受欢迎。现在中国许多不同的地区都产茶。
考查被动语态。根据nw可知，此句是一般现在时，主语It与动词prduce之间是被动关系，所以此处用一般现在时被动语态am/is/are dne的结构，故选C。
4．（2023·北京·统考中考真题）The park is getting mre and mre beautiful because mre kinds f flwers ________ every year.
A．are plantedB．were plantedC．plantD．planted
【答案】A
【详解】句意：这个公园变得越来越美丽因为每年都有更多种花被种。
考查时态和语态。主语“mre kinds f flwers”与动词plant之间是动宾关系，结合“every year”可知用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为am/is/are dne。故选A。
5．（2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）Sand turns t glass when it ________ by lightning.
A．hitsB．is hitC．is hittingD．will be hit
【答案】B
【详解】句意：沙子被闪电击中会变成玻璃。
考查语态。句子主语it指代的是“Sand”，与动词hit之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，陈述事实用一般现在时，故选B。
6．（2023·河北·统考中考真题）Breakfast ________ every day fr peple aged ver 60 fr free in this village.
A．prvidesB．prvidedC．is prvidedD．was prvided
【答案】C
【详解】句意：这个村子每天为60岁以上的老人免费提供早餐。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。本句主语Breakfast是动作prvide的承受者，结合“every day”可知，是一般现在时，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。
7．（2023·湖北鄂州·统考中考真题）—What language ________ in Germany?
—Mst peple speak German, but many can speak English, t.
A．speakB．is spkenC．is speakingD．speaks
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——在德国说哪种语言？——大多数人会说德语，但也有很多人会说英语。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。句子应用一般现在时，句子主语language与动词speak存在逻辑上的被动关系，则句子采用一般现在时的被动语态，其谓语结构为：am/is/are+过去分词。故选B。
8．（2023·湖北孝感·统考中考真题）— Have yu heard f the UN Chinese Language Day?
— Of curse. Chinese ________ by mre and mre peple arund the wrld nwadays.
A．spkeB．is spkenC．speaksD．was spken
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你听说过联合国汉语日吗？——当然。如今，全世界越来越多的人说汉语。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“nwadays”可知句子应用一般现在时，主语Chinese与谓语动词speak存在逻辑上的被动关系，因此句子应用一般现在时的被动语态，其谓语结构为：am/is/are+过去分词。故选B。
9．（2023·湖南郴州·统考中考真题）Many trees and flwers ________ every year t make ur envirnment mre beautiful.
A．plantB．are plantedC．were planted
【答案】B
【详解】句意：每年种植许多树木和鲜花，使我们的环境更加美丽。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。本句主语是动作的承受者，结合时间状语“every year”可知，用一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。
10．（2023·四川成都·统考中考真题）A great number f beautiful flwers ________ n the secnd ring rad in Chengdu these days.
A．plantB．are plantedC．are planting
【答案】B
【详解】句意：这些天，成都的二环路上种了许多美丽的花。
考查被动语态。主语和动词plant之间是被动关系，此处应用被动语态：be dne。故选B。
词义
动词原形
过去式
过去分词
唤醒，醒来
awake
awke
awken
是
be
was, were
been
忍受，承受
bear
bre
brn
打，拍打
beat
beat
beaten
改变，变化
becme
became
becme
开始
begin
began
begun
打赌
bet
bet
bet
吹
blw
blew
blwn
打破，破坏
break
brke
brken
带来
bring
brught
brught
建造
build
built
built
燃烧，烧毁
burn
burned/burnt
burned/burnt
购买
buy
bught
bught
捕捉，赶上，感染
catch
caught
caught
选择
chse
chse
chsen
来
cme
came
cme
花费
cst
cst
cst
切，割
cut
cut
cut
处理，应付
deal
dealt
dealt
做
d
did
dne
绘画
draw
drew
drawn
做梦，梦想
dream
dreamed/dreamt
dreamed/dreamt
开车，驾驶，驱使
drive
drve
driven
喝，喝酒
drink
drank
drunk
吃
eat
ate
eaten
落下，倒下
fall
fell
fallen
喂，饲养
feed
fed
fed
感觉
feel
felt
felt
打架，对抗
fight
fught
fught
发现，找到
find
fund
fund
适合
fit
fit
fit
逃跑
flee
fled
fled
飞，飞翔，飘扬
fly
flew
flwn
禁止
frbid
frbade
frbidden
忘记
frget
frgt
frgtten
原谅
frgive
frgave
frgiven
（使）冻结；愣住
freeze
frze
frzen
得到，到达，变得
get
gt
gtten
给，给予
give
gave
given
去，走
g
went
gne
种植，生长，发展
grw
grew
grwn
悬挂，垂下
hang
hung
hung
有，怀有
have
had
had
听到，倾听
hear
heard
heard
躲藏
hide
hid
hidden
击中
hit
hit
hit
把握，持续，
hld
held
held
（使）伤害，刺痛
hurt
hurt
hurt
保持，继续
keep
kept
kept
知道，得知
knw
knew
knwn
放置，铺设；下蛋
lay
laid
laid
带领，率领
lead
led
led
学习；得知
learn
learned/learnt
learned/learnt
离开；留下
leave
left
left
借给，贷款给
lend
lent
lent
让；出租
let
let
let
躺着，位于
lie
lay
lain
点燃
light
lit
lighted
失去
lse
lst
lst
制作，制造
make
made
made
意思是；想要
mean
meant
meant
遇见；满足
meet
met
met
吃得过多
vereat
verate
vereaten
错误
mistake
mistk
mistaken
支付，偿还
pay
paid
paid
摆，放，安置
put
put
put
复述；再讲
retell
retld
retld
重建；改造；复原
rebuild
rebuilt
rebuilt
阅读
read
read
read
骑，乘坐
ride
rde
ridden
按铃；铃声响
ring
rang
rung
升起；起床
rise
rse
risen
跑；行驶；运转
run
ran
run
说话
say
said
said
看见
see
saw
seen
寻找
seek
sught
sught
卖，出卖
sell
sld
sld
发送；寄；派遣
send
sent
sent
放，安置，确定
set
set
set
摇晃，摇摆
shake
shk
shaken
照耀，发光
shine
shne
shne
给……穿鞋；给马钉铁蹄
she
shed
shed/shd
射击
sht
sht
sht
表示，显示，露面
shw
shwed
shwed/shwn
关闭
shut
shut
shut
唱歌
sing
sang
sung
下沉，沉没
sink
sank
sunk
坐，就坐；坐落
sit
sat
sat
嗅，闻；察觉到
smell
smelled/ smelt
smelled / smelt
睡，睡觉
sleep
slept
slept
滑动，滑落
slide
slid
slid
讲话
speak
spke
spken
速度
speed
sped
sped
吐痰；吐口水；吐出
spit
spit/spat
spit/spat
传播，散布；展开
spread
spread
spread
花费
spend
spent
spent
站、立，坐落，忍受
stand
std
std
偷窃
steal
stle
stlen
插入，刺入；粘贴
stick
stuck
stuck
串起，缚，扎
string
strung
strung
打扫，扫除
sweep
swept
swept
游泳
swim
swam
swum
拿，取，抓
take
tk
taken
教，教学，讲授
teach
taught
taught
撕扯
tear
tre
trn
告诉
tell
tld
tld
思想，考虑
think
thught
thught
投，掷，抛，丢
thrw
threw
thrwn
理解
understand
understd
understd
叫醒，弄醒
wake
wke
wken
穿着，戴；磨损
wear
wre
wrn
赢得，获胜
win
wn
wn
写，书写
write
wrte
written