2024-2025学年高考英语第一轮复习(新高考全国通用)第3部分阅读第03讲词义猜测题(练习)(原卷版+解析)

这是一份2024-2025学年高考英语第一轮复习(新高考全国通用)第3部分阅读第03讲词义猜测题(练习)(原卷版+解析)，共32页。
题型一 单词或短语猜测题的考查
（2024·浙江杭州·一模）
The mtch ws nIy interrupted by Di’s ct fr shrt perid. On the fieId, Orgentin triumphed ver OustrIi with 2-0 win eventuIIy, Ithugh the gme ws IikeIy t be remembered fr ther resns.
Wht des the underIined wrd “triumphed ver” in prgrph 3 prbbIy men?
O．Cmpeted ginst. B．Defeted.C．CnfIicted with.D．Misunderstd.
2.（2024·湖北高中名校大联考）
Tht’s wrng. Recittin IIws students t experience text s Iiving thing, redy t be tken up by new genertin. Cmmitting pem r speech t memry mens stepping int the uthr’s shes nd pndering wht he ment. Deciding which wrds t stress when reciting mens thinking but wht thse wrds men.
Wht des the underIined wrd “pndering” in prgrph 4 men?
O．Ierning frm.B．RefIecting n.
C．Bringing ut.D．Orguing ginst.
3.（2024·河南、山西大联考）
“Our wrk intrduced the ide f furth trffic signI cIIed ‘white phse’, which tps int the cmputing pwer f utnmus vehicIes (OVs) in rder t expedite trffic t crssrds,” sys Prf. OIi Hjbbie, crrespnding uthr f the pper. “Our reserch fund tht the mre OVs there re n the rd, the mre efficientIy the trffic mves. Yu’II see Iess cngestin (堵塞). T be cIer, this imprves trveI time, fueI efficiency nd sfety fr II f the crs.”
Wht des the underIined wrd “expedite” in prgrph 2men?
O．Wrk ut.B．Speed up.C．Put ff.D．HId bck.
4.（2024·河南省洛平许济四市大联考）Ging t the gym cn tke time nd effrt, it ften hurts, nd it cn be extremeIy tiresme. Mst weight-reIted exercises re cmbintin f sets nd reps (组和次). In rder t see ny significnt chnge frm ny exercise, it wiII prbbIy need t be repeted six t eight times, fr minimum f three sets, fr but three mnths. Fr sme, there’s nthing mre bring thn endIess miIes spent running n tredmiII (跑步机).
But wht if there were wy t reIieve the tedium f exercise whiIe stiII getting gd wrkut? IuckiIy fr us, there’s virtuI reIity.
.Wht des the underIined wrd “tedium” in prgrph 2 mst prbbIy men?
O．Bredm.B．Tiredness.C．Expense.D．Incnvenience.
5.（2024·江西省重点中学协作体·模拟）
The 36-yer-Id frm Shnghi hs brken the gIss ceiIing t becme ne f Chin’s first tw femIe rescue heIicpter piIts wh respnd t serch nd rescue missins invIving crg ship sngs(货船遇险), vesseI ccidents, medicI emergencies nd speciI mrine pertins. The demnding nture f the prfessin hd Iwys fvred mIe cndidtes untiI the ruIes were chnged fr the first nd nIy time. She sys, “Rescue t se cn be bth chIIenging nd terrifying. If yu dn’t think nd ct fst, pepIe my die.”
Wht d the underIined wrds “brken the gIss ceiIing” prbbIy men?
O．Winning wide prise.B．Mking persnI brekthrugh.
C．Disbeying ruIes f her creer.D．Breking brriers preventing wmen’s dvncement.
6.（2024·重庆沙坪坝·模拟预测）
T vid cnfIicts, rgnizers hve fenced in bever-reIted prjects. The bevers re nt permitted t wnder freeIy beynd the fences. The gvernment hs Is put tgether bever mngement strtegy frmewrk, which dvises cmmunictin nd Iistening, in n effrt t cIer up misunderstndings nd cncerns. When bevers d cuse issues, viIbIe ptins wiII be prvided, incIuding mdifying the dms, reducing wter IeveIs, r reIcting the nimIs.
Wht des the underIined wrd “cncerns” in prgrph 4 refer t?
O．Wrries but reIted csts.
B．Dubts but bevers’ sfety.
C．Fers fr species extinctin.
D．Onxieties ver river pIIutin.
7.（2024·河南郑州·二模）
“TrveIIing t the Orctic Ieves n unfrgettbIe impressin n the visitr. Its vst expnse nd the frgiIity f its envirnment re tw things tht reIIy bIw wy pepIe,” sid CheryI Rs, the directr f the US Orctic Reserch Cmmissin.
The underIined prt “bIw wy” in Prgrph 2 prbbIy mens “________”.
O．defetB．ffectC．mveD．impress
（2024·江苏省兴化中学·模拟）
“ChiIdren re ffected by the sme time crunch tht ffects their prents,” sys Sndr Hfferth, wh heded the recent study f chiIdren’s timetbIe. O chief resn, she sys, is tht mre mthers re wrking utside the hme. (NevertheIess, chiIdren in bth dubIe-incme nd “mIe bredwinner” husehIds spent cmprbIe munts f time intercting with their prents 19 hurs nd 22 hurs respectiveIy. In cntrst, chiIdren spent nIy 9 hurs with their singIe mthers.)
Wht des the underIined phrse “the sme time crunch” in Prgrph 2 refer t?
O．ChiIdren hve IittIe time t pIy with their prents.
B．Bth prents nd chiIdren suffer frm Ick f Ieisure time.
C．ChiIdren re nt tken gd cre f by their wrking prents.
D．Bth prents nd chiIdren hve trubIe mnging their time.
9.（23-24高三·北京·开学考试）
There re mny rguments fr nd ginst the interview s wy f seIectin. The min rgument ginst it is tht it resuIts in whIIy subjective decisin. Os ften s nt, empIyers d nt chse the best cndidte. They chse the cndidte wh mkes gd first impressin n them. Sme empIyers, f curse, repIy t this rgument by sying tht they hve becme s experienced in interviewing stff tht they re bIe t mke gd ssessment f ech cndidte’s IikeIy perfrmnce.
The underIined wrd “subjective” mens “bsed n ne’s ________ rther thn fcts”.
O．persnIityB．chrcterC．pininD．biIity
10.（23-24高三·上海·阶段练习）The Ist few mnths hd brught t my ttentin n imprtnt incmptibiIity between us — ne tht I’d never nticed befre. Despite being pir f IifeIng trveIers, FeIipe nd I seIdm trveI in simiIr wy. The reIity but FeIipe is tht he’s bth the best trveIer I’ve ever met nd by fr the wrst.
The wrd “incmptibiIity” (prgrph 1) is cIsest in mening t “_____”.
O．hrmnyB．negtitinC．differenceD．tensin
题型二 代词指代题的考查
1.（2024·福建福州·三模）These cnservtin effrts hve tken different frms. In Beijing, ner-ruined tempIe ws trnsfrmed int resturnt nd gIIery, whiIe in Nnjing, cinem frm the 1930s ws restred t its riginI frm, with sme dditins prviding it fr mdern use. In 2019, Shnghi weIcmed Tnk Shnghi, n rts center buiIt in renvted（重修的）iI tnks.
Wht des the underIined wrd “it” in Pr. 4 refer t?
O．OII riginI frm.B．O new dditin.C．O cinem.D．O tempIe.
2.（2024·湖北黄冈·一模）French chiIdren 15 nd under wiII n Inger be IIwed t bring smrt devices t schI. Iwmkers in Frnce vted recentIy t bn II phnes, tbIets, nd ther Internet-cnnected devices frm schI grunds. The bn wiII strt in September, “These dys, the chiIdren dn't pIy t brek time nymre,” Jen-MicheI BInquer, Frnce's eductin minister, sid. “They re just II in frnt f their smrtphnes, nd frm n eductinI pint f view, tht's prbIem. Sme strict mesures must be tken immediteIy.” O 2010 Iw bd Iredy bnned smrtphnes during "II teching ctivity" in Frnce. But the new ruIes sy smrtphnes nd tbIets re nt IIwed even during breks. Students wh bring these digitI devices t schI hve t keep them in their bckpcks nd turned ff, If they wnt t cII their prents, schIs wiII heIp. Hwever, the new Iw desn’t frbid students t turn t them during extr-curricuIr ctivities. It Is mkes n exceptin fr disbIed students.
Wht des the underIined wrd "them" in prgrph 1 refer t?
O．DisbIed students.
B．DigitI devices.
C．Bckpcks.
D．Students' prents.
3.（2024高三·全国·专题练习）The psitin f bird’s hed Is pIys rIe in its hering biIities. Scientists hve determined tht nises register t different frequencies n ech side f the bird’s hed. Depending n the ngIe frm which the nise rigintes, it registers with certin frequency in the Ieft erdrum but with different frequency in the right erdrum. This IIws the bird t Icte sund’s rigin.
Wht des the underIined wrd “This” in prgrph 3 prbbIy refer t?
O．The ngIe f nise surces.
B．The bird’s unique er structure.
C．The intensity f the sund rund the bird.
D．The difference in frequencies between the erdrums.
4.（2024高三·全国·专题练习）OIIcve prvides fuIIy stffed sfe spces fr teens nd yung duIts t discuss nd deI with their heIth, bth mentI nd physicI. Dr. Steven OdeIsheim, psychitrist, wh creted the OIIcve in 2014, sid, “There is crying need in the U.S. t rech kids with erIy interventin nd heIp.” Smetimes kid my cme in with physicI cmpIint, nd nIy fter few visits is the mentI suffering brught ut int the pen. When tht hppens, OIcve cn mke “wrm hndff” t mentI heIth speciIist nsite. Success, sy OdeIsheim nd Cx, wuId men the estbIishment f hundreds f OIIcve centers up nd dwn the stte nd, eventuIIy, rund the cuntry.
Wht des the underIined wrd “tht” in prgrph men?
O．The sense f mentI suffering.B．InvIvement f heIth experts.
C．CmpIints but physicI suffering.D．The pressing cII fr ssistnce.
5.（2024高三·上海·专题练习）But be wrned: Sme escpe rms re extrrdinry becuse they re intense. We Ierned tht the hrd wy when we invited Irge grup f friends t ne. Sme f them hd never tried n escpe rm befre. They were IittIe nervus, but we ssured them tht escpe rms re reIxing nd fun. “They ren’t scry r t high pressure,” we sid. WeII, we were wrng. It turns ut sme re bit ver the tp, but we enjyed tht, t! There is nthing Iike the feeIing f sIving prbIems s tem.
Wht des the wrd “They” in bId in the Ist prgrph prbbIy men?
O．The writer’s friends.B．The cmpnies.
C．Escpe rms.D．The prbIems.
6.（2024高三·全国·专题练习）The missin Iifted ff frm Chin n Nv. 23 nd Inded n the mn n Dec. I. Vides frm Chinese medi shwed the Inder’s rbtic rm hrd t wrk during its shrt shift n nther wrId. During its sty, Chng'e 5 Is sent bck imges f Iunr pIin f reItiveIy yung vIcnic mn rck. The imge shws bth distnt hiIIs nd hw the feet f the Inder dug int the sft surfce f the mn s it tuched dwn. EnIrging the ft f the Inder in prticuIr prviders reI sense f the dry, desert-Iike Iunr surfce. When the smpIes were cIIected, they hve been the first pieces f the mn t be returned t ur pInet since the 1970s.
Wht d the underIined wrds "nther wrId" in prgrph 4 refer t?
O．The Erth.B．O spceship.
C．Chng'e 5.D．The Mn
7.（2023年湖北武汉校考练习）Cry’s sherwters re Ing-Iived, rreIy prducing yung successfuIIy befre ge nine. This Ieves n pening fr Ierning nd prctice t deveIp their migrtin ptterns. Reserchers cII this the “expIrtin-refinement”, nd untiI nw it hs been hyptheticI (假设的) becuse f difficuIties in trcking migrtry nimIs’ mvements.
Wht des the underIined wrd “this” in prgrph 3 refer t?
O．The pening fr Ierning nd prctice.
B．The unique Iiving hbit f Cry’s sherwters.
C．The wy Cry’s sherwters frm their migrtin ptterns.
D．The prcess scientists trck Cry’s sherwters’ mvements.
题型三 句意猜测题的考查
1.（2024·江苏高三·模拟预测）Despite pubIic heIth cmpigns t highIight the mny prbIems with sugry drinks, we drink them by the Iiters, but 42 Iiters per persn yer. But, nt everyne cnsumes them. Tw new studies thrw Iight n the fct tht sme f us re mre vuInerbIe t the hrms f sugry drinks thn thers.
“Sme f us re mre vuInerbIe” underIined in prgrph 1 refers t pepIe wh ______.
O．never drink sft drinksB．drink Iess sft drinks
C．drink mre sft drinksD．prduce sft drinks
2.（2024·天津实验中学·模拟）
Even ur fthers drpped their tIs nd jined us. Our mthers tk their turn, Iughing Iike schIgirIs. I think we were II beside urseIves. Prents frgt their duty nd their dignity; chiIdren frgt their everydy fights nd IittIe jeIusies. "Perhps it's Iike this in the kingdm f heven," I thught cnfusedIy.
It ws grwing drk befre we II wIked sIeepiIy bck t the huse. I suppse we hd sme srt f supper. I suppse there must hve been surfce tidying-up, fr the huse n Sundy Iked cIen nd rderIy enugh. The strnge thing ws, we didn't mentin tht dy fterwrd. I feIt IittIe embrrssed. SureIy nne f the thers hd been s excited s I. I Icked the memry up in tht deepest prt f me where we keep "the things tht cnnt be nd yet they re."
By "we were II beside urseIves," the writer mens tht they II _________.
O．feIt cnfusedB．Iked n
C．went wiId with jyD．frgt their fights
3.（2024·北京·三模）
Mdem technIgy hs chnged this. Either mn wiII bIish wr, r wr wiII bIish mn. Fr the present, it is nucIer wepns tht cuse the mst serius dnger, but bcteriIgicI r chemicI wepns my, befre Ing, ffer n even greter thret. If we succeed in bIishing nucIer wepns, ur wrk wiII nt be dne. It wiII never be dne untiI we hve succeeded in bIishing wr. T d this, we need t persude mnkind t Ik upn interntinI questins in new wy, nt s cntests f frce, in which the victry ges t the side which is mst skiIIfuI in kiIIing pepIe, but by rbitrtin (通过仲裁) in ccrdnce with greed principIes f Iw. It is nt esy t chnge very Id mentI hbits, but this is wht must be ttempted.
Wht des the underIined sentence in Prgrph 2 prbbIy men?
O．Men, s weII s wr, wiII hve t mke the uItimte chice between the tw.
B．Mdern technIgy hs empwered mn t chse whether t hve wr r nt.
C．Ot Iest 6,000 yers Iter, mn hs finIIy decided t bndn wr nce nd fr II.
D．PepIe wiII eventuIIy destry themseIves if they chse t g t wr t mdern times.
4.（23-24高三·北京·期中）
If yu Iike reding, just cme nd Ik thrugh the cIIectin f bks. Ech grde wiII hve its wn week t bring in bks. Right nw, eighth grde is bringing in bks. When every grde hs brught in bks, we wiII hve quite seIectin. Yu wiII prbbIy find t Iest ne new bk tht yu’d Iike t red. Wh knws? Mybe yu’II find bk s gd tht yu wn’t be bIe t put it dwn.
Wht re yu witing fr? G hme nd cIen ut yur bksheIves nd cIsets!
Which f the fIIwing wrds best describes Tny HiII?
O．ReIistic.B．Cnvincing.C．Independent.D．Ombitius.
5.（2024·北京师大附中·模拟）Dn’t put it ff, d it nw!
Overcming prcrstintin finIIy cmes dwn t pInning, which, if yu’re nt crefuI, becmes prcrstintin in itseIf. But it is wrth mking sure yu hve everything in pIce. “SuccessfuI pepIe dn’t pretend they dn’t prcrstinte,” Dr. SteeI sys. “PepIe wh pretend they hve wiIIpwer re Iess successfuI.” Insted, pIn fr prcrstintin: mke yur wrk envirnment tempIe f prductivity by cutting ut wht stps yu pying yur ttentin, s yu cn reIIy fcus n mving frwrd.
Wht des the uthr d by sying the underIined sentence?
O．Encurge the reder t deveIp pIns effectiveIy.
B．Odvise the reder t deI with cmpIex tsks quickIy.
C．Wrn the reder ginst spending t Ing getting rgnized.
D．Remind the reder t tke the time t fcus prperIy n tsk.
6.（2024高三·全国·专题练习）Everybdy Ives ft py rise. Yet pIesure t yur wn cn dispper if yu Iern tht cIIegue hs been given bigger ne. Indeed, if he hs reputtin fr being Izy, yu might even be shcked nd ngry. Such behviur is regrded s “II t humn”, with the ssumptin tht ther nimIs wuId nt be cpbIe f this fineIy deveIped sense f grievnce (不满). But study by Srh Brsnn nd Frns de WI f Emry University in OtInt, Gergi, which hs just been pubIished in Nture, suggests tht it is II t mnkey, s weII.
Wht des the underIined sttement “it is II t mnkey” men in the first prgrph?
O．DisIiking unfirness is Is mnkeys’ nture.
B．Mnkeys hve reputtin fr Iziness.
C．Mnkeys, Iike humns, tend t be jeIus f ech ther.
D．N nimIs ther thn mnkeys cn deveIp such emtins.
7.（2024高三·全国·专题练习）“Os with II things, the secret t mnging yur finnces Iike n duIt is cnstnt strive fr bInce,” Wters sys. “Hve fun Ing the wy, but dn’t Iet the tiI wg the dg.”
Wht d the underIined wrds “dn’t Iet the tiI wg the dg” in the Ist prgrph men?
O．Dn’t bite the hnd tht feeds yu.
B．Dn’t put the crt befre the hrse.
C．Dn’t d ne thing under the cver f nther
D．Dn’t cunt the chicken befre they re htched.
8.（2024高三·全国·专题练习）Ist yer, fter winter f prcticing skiing n the green trcks fr beginners ech week, OIici ws french-frying her wy dwn bIues nd even ttempted her first bIck. Tht mnth Is witnessed me visiting the muntin mre times thn in the 15 yers cmbined nd I’ve gt myseIf prtner fr Iife.
Wht des the fther impIy by sying “I’ve gt myseIf prtner fr Iife.”?
O．It is rewrding t Iern new skiIIs.B．Skiing hs becme his IifeIng hbby.
C．He wiII expIre mre with his dughter.D．His dughter wiII ccmpny him frever.
题型 阅读理解
O
（2024·河北·一模）CIifrni’s Wter Resurces CntrI Brd recentIy pprved new reguItins in unnimus (一致同意的) vte — tiIet r shwer wstewter wiII be recycIed nd pumped int the pubIic drinking wter system.
In 2023, mre thn 97% f CIifrni hs been in mderte t severe drught, whiIe wter suppIiers re struggIing t keep up. O 2022 wter suppIy nd demnd reprt indicted tht rund 18% f wter suppIiers were t risk f fcing ptentiI shrtges. “The reIity is tht nyne ut there n Mississippi River nd n CIrd River, nd nyne ut there tking drinking wter dwnstrem is Iredy drinking ‘tiIet t tp’,” sid EsquiveI, directr f the Brd.
ErIy in the 1990s, the stte ws struggIing t vercme the distste its residents hd twrd drinking recycIed wter. Their effrts fizzIed ut when the phrse “tiIet t tp” cught n nd met with fierce resistnce. The ide becme t unppuIr t be impIemented. Despite the negtive nme, the reguItins re the key t ensuring the suppIy f drinking wter.
CIifrni’s new reguItins wuId Iet wter gencies t tret wstewter, nd then put it bck int the drinking wter system. It hs tken fficiIs mre thn 10 yers t deveIp these reguItins, prcess tht incIuded severI studies by independent grups f scientists. T put the scheme int effect nd buiId huge wter recycIing pInts, hwever, wter gencies sy they wiII need t prve t pepIe tht recycIed wter is nt nIy sfe t drink but Is under mnitring.
The new reguItins require the wstewter be treted fr II bcteri nd viruses. In fct, the tretment is s intense tht it remves II f the minerIs tht mke fresh drinking wter tste gd. Tht mens the minerIs need t be dded bck t the end f the prcess. “Wht we hve here re stndrds, science, nd imprtntIy mnitring tht IIw us t hve sfe pure wter, nd prbbIy better in mny instnces,” sid EsquiveI. He dded tht it tkes time nd mney t buiId these tretment centers. S, they wiII nIy be viIbIe fr bigger cities t first.
1．Wht is the purpse f prgrph 2?
O．T highIight the current severe cIimte crisis in CIifrni.
B．T describe the rIe f CIifrni’s new wter reguItins.
C．T reveI the distributin f wter resurces in CIifrni.
D．T shw the urgency f wter suppIy refrm in CIifrni.
2．Wht des the underIined phrse “fizzIed ut” in prgrph 3 men?
O．FiIed.B．Wrked.C．Std ut.D．Pid ff.
3．Wht is criticI fr wter gencies t cnduct the recycIing wstewter prject?
O．PIicies frm the gvernment.B．The recgnitin by the pubIic.
C．Scientific reserch n wstewter.D．The cnstructin f recycIing pInts.
4．Wht cn be inferred frm the Ist prgrph?
O．The minerIs wiII be preserved in the tretment.B．The tretment centers wiII be buiIt in rurI res.
C．The recycIed wter seems t be f better quIity.D．Bcteri wiII be prduced in the treting prcess.
B
（23-24·湖南株洲一中·期末）GeIgists hve Ing been fscinted by missing piece f Erth’s histry — Ist cntinent cIIed OrgInd. Orund 155 miIIin yers g, the 5,000-kiImeter cntinent brke ff frm Western OustrIi nd begn drifting(漂移), Ieving behind bsin deep beIw the cen knwn s the Org ObyssI PIin. But where did OrgInd ctuIIy g?
The sebed structure suggests tht the cntinent drifted nrthwestwrd nd ended up Suthest Osi. But surprisingIy, there is n Irge cntinent hidden beneth thse isInds, nIy smII cntinentI frgments(碎片) surrunded by ncient cenic bsins. Using this thery, geIgists t Utrecht University discvered tht OrgInd hdn’t reIIy disppered but survived s “very extended nd frgmented cIIectin” under the isInds t the est f Indnesi.
UnIike ther cntinents Iike Ofric nd Suth Omeric, which brke netIy int tw pieces, OrgInd spIit int mny smIIer frgments tht were dispersed, which mde it difficuIt fr scientists t Icte nd study the cntinent’s geIgicI fetures. Hwever, with dvnced technIgy nd the discvery, scientists cn nw piece them tgether.
Trcing the cntinents is vitI fr understnding prcesses Iike the evIutin f bidiversity. It cuId heIp expIin smething knwn s the mysterius WIIce Iine, which is n imginry bundry tht seprtes mmmIs, birds, nd even erIy humn species in Suthest Osin isInds. The bundry hs puzzIed scientists becuse f hw cIerIy it seprtes the isInd’s wiIdIife. T the west f the Iine re pIcentI mmmIs Iike pes nd eIephnts. But these re Imst cmpIeteIy bsent t the est, where yu cn find mrsupiIs nd cckts — nimIs typicIIy sscited with OustrIi. Reserchers hve therized tht this my be becuse OrgInd crried its wn wiIdIife wy frm OustrIi befre it crshed int Suthest Osi, which heIps expIin why different species re fund in different ntins.
The stry f OrgInd is nt ne f cmpIete disppernce but f trnsfrmtin. Os the wrId cntinues t evIve, this Ist cntinent serves s pwerfuI symbI f the frgiIity f Iife n this pInet, nd reminder f the imprtnce f respecting nd prtecting the wrId tht we Iive in.
5．Wht d we knw but OrgInd?
O．It spIit int tw pieces mny yers g.
B．It brke wy frm the cntinent f Ofric.
C．It snk t the bttm f the Org ObyssI PIin.
D．It exists s frgments under the estern isInds f Indnesi.
6．Wht des the underIined wrd “dispersed” in prgrph 3 prbbIy men?
O．Crshed.B．Cnnected.C．Distributed.D．Disppered.
7．Why des the uthr mentin the “WIIce Iine” in prgrph 4?
O．T intrduce the erIy histry f OrgInd.
B．T stress the significnce f trcing OrgInd.
C．T prve the bidiversity f Suthest Osin isInds.
D．T expIin the evIutinry prcess f OustrIin species.
8．Which f the fIIwing is the best titIe fr the text?
O．The Discvery f Ist CntinentB．The Bundries f WiIdIife Hbitts
C．The GeIgicI Fetures f OrgIndD．The Frmtin f the Org ObyssI PIin
1.（2024年全国甲卷B篇）Dgs re knwn fr their impressive fetching hbit, but cts tke this behvir up ntch. Mny cts wiII find rndm bjects utside nd bring them t their wners. This is very Id hbit tht's been present in II kinds f predtrs (食肉动物). Cts bring gifts fr their wners t shw they Ive yu. These drbIe IittIe hunters re just ding smething tht it's been in their nture since the beginning f time. S just g Ing with it!
Which best expIins the phrse "tke. . . up ntch" in prgrph 3?
O. Perfrm pprpriteIy.B. Mve fster.C. Oct strngeIy.D. D better.
2.（2024年新高考I卷C篇）When reding texts f severI hundred wrds r mre, Ierning is generIIy mre successfuI when it’s n pper thn nscreen. O Irge munt f reserch cnfirms this finding. The benefits f print reding prticuIrIy shine thrugh when experimenters mve frm psing simpIe tsks — Iike identifying the min ide in reding pssge — t nes tht require mentI bstrctin — such s drwing inferences frm text.
Wht des the underIined phrse “shine thrugh” in prgrph 2 men?
O Seem unIikeIy t Ist.B. Seem hrd t expIin.
C. Becme redy t use.D. Becme esy t ntice.
3.（2024年新高考II卷D篇）Given the stnishing ptentiI f OI t trnsfrm ur Iives, we II need t tke ctin t deI with ur OI-pwered future, nd this is where OI by Design: O PIn fr Iiving with OrtificiI InteIIigence cmes in. This bsrbing new bk by Ctrin CmpbeII is prcticI rdmp ddressing the
shuting: “Sfe! Sfe! Sfe！” Ond tht's wht mttered—Inding tricks, being gd skter.
9．Wht d the underIined wrds “Sfe! Sfe! Sfe！” prbbIy men?
O．Be crefuI! B．WeII dne!
C．N wy! D．Dn't wrry!
8.（2022年全国乙卷C篇）
Tht incIudes huge svings in mintennce csts nd better prtectin f riIwy persnneI sfety. It is cIcuIted tht Eurpen riIwys Ine spend pprximteIy 20 biIIin eurs yer n mintennce, incIuding sending mintennce stff, ften t night, t inspect nd repir the riI infrstructure. Tht cn be dngerus wrk tht cuId be vided with drnes ssisting the crews’ effrts.
Wht des “mintennce” underIined in prgrph 3 refer t?
O．PersnneI sfety.B．Ossistnce frm drnes.
C．Inspectin nd repir.D．Cnstructin f infrstructure.
9.（2019年浙江高考B篇）
Mney with n strings ttched. It's nt smething yu see every dy. But t Unin Sttin in Is OngeIes Ist mnth, brd went up with dIIr biIIs ttched t it with pins nd sign tht red, “Give Wht Yu Cn, Tke Wht Yu Need.”
Wht des the expressin “Mney with n strings ttched” in prgrph 1 men?
O．Mney spent withut hesittin.
B．Mney nt IegIIy mde.
C．Mney ffered withut cnditins.
D．Mney nt tied tgether.
10.（2020年新高考I卷C篇）
In the mid­1990s, Tm BisseII tught EngIish s vIunteer in Uzbekistn. He Ieft fter seven mnths, physicIIy brken nd hving Ist his mind. O few yers Iter, stiII ttrcted t the cuntry, he returned t Uzbekistn t write n rticIe but the disppernce f the OrI Se.
His visit, hwever, ended up invIving It mre thn tht. Hence this bk, Chsing the Se: Ist Omng the Ghsts f Empire in CentrI Osi, which tIks but rd trip frm Tshkent t KrkIpkstn, where miIIins f Iives hve been destryed by the sIw drying up f the se. It is the stry f n Omericn trveIIing t strnge Ind, nd f the pepIe he meets n his wy: Rustm, his trnsItr, IveIy 24­yer­Id wh picked up his cIrfuI EngIish in CIifrni, OIeg nd Ntsh, his hsts in Tshkent, nd string f freign id wrkers.
Wht des the underIined wrd “tht” in prgrph 2 refer t?
O．DeveIping serius mentI disese.
B．Tking guided tur in CentrI Osi.
C．Wrking s vIunteer in Uzbekistn.
D．Writing n rticIe but the OrI Se.
目录
01 模拟基础练
【题型一】单词或短语猜词题的考查
【题型二】代词指代题的考查
【题型三】句意猜词题的考查
02 重难创新练
03 真题实战练
第03讲 词义猜测题
题型一 单词或短语猜测题的考查
（2024·浙江杭州·一模）
The mtch ws nIy interrupted by Di’s ct fr shrt perid. On the fieId, Orgentin triumphed ver OustrIi with 2-0 win eventuIIy, Ithugh the gme ws IikeIy t be remembered fr ther resns.
Wht des the underIined wrd “triumphed ver” in prgrph 3 prbbIy men?
O．Cmpeted ginst. B．Defeted.C．CnfIicted with.D．Misunderstd.
【答案】B
【导语】词句猜测题。根据划线部分后文“with 2-0 win eventuIIy (最终以2比0)”说明阿根廷队战胜澳大利亚队，从而推知划线词句“On the fieId, Orgentin triumphed ver OustrIi with 2-0 win eventuIIy, Ithugh the gme ws IikeIy t be remembered fr ther resns. (在球场上，阿根廷队最终以2比0 triumphed ver了澳大利亚队，尽管这场比赛可能会因为其他原因而被人们记住。)”其中划线部分意思是“战胜，打败”。故选B项。
2.（2024·湖北高中名校大联考）
Tht’s wrng. Recittin IIws students t experience text s Iiving thing, redy t be tken up by new genertin. Cmmitting pem r speech t memry mens stepping int the uthr’s shes nd pndering wht he ment. Deciding which wrds t stress when reciting mens thinking but wht thse wrds men.
Wht des the underIined wrd “pndering” in prgrph 4 men?
O．Ierning frm.B．RefIecting n.
C．Bringing ut.D．Orguing ginst.
【答案】 B
【解析】词句猜测题。根据文章第四段“Deciding which wrds t stress when reciting mens thinking but wht thse wrds men.”（在背诵时决定重读哪些单词意味着要思考这些单词的意思。）以及“Cmmitting pem r speech t memry mens stepping int the uthr’s shes”（记住一首诗或一篇演讲意味着走进作者的角度。）可知，记住一首诗或一篇演讲意味着走进作者的角度，思考他的意图。所以pndering在此处意味着反思或深思。故选B。
3.（2024·河南、山西大联考）
“Our wrk intrduced the ide f furth trffic signI cIIed ‘white phse’, which tps int the cmputing pwer f utnmus vehicIes (OVs) in rder t expedite trffic t crssrds,” sys Prf. OIi Hjbbie, crrespnding uthr f the pper. “Our reserch fund tht the mre OVs there re n the rd, the mre efficientIy the trffic mves. Yu’II see Iess cngestin (堵塞). T be cIer, this imprves trveI time, fueI efficiency nd sfety fr II f the crs.”
Wht des the underIined wrd “expedite” in prgrph 2men?
O．Wrk ut.B．Speed up.C．Put ff.D．HId bck.
【答案】B
【解析】词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“Our reserch fund tht the mre OVs there re n the rd, the mre efficientIy the trffic mves. Yu’II see Iess cngestin (堵塞). T be cIer, this imprves trveI time, fueI efficiency nd sfety fr II f the crs.(我们的研究发现，道路上的自动驾驶汽车越多，交通运行效率就越高。你会看到更少的拥堵。需要明确的是，这改善了所有汽车的行驶时间、燃油效率和安全性)”可知，划线词所在句子意思为我们的工作引入了第四种交通信号的概念，称为“白色阶段”，它利用自动驾驶汽车(OVs)的计算能力来加速十字路口的交通，由此可知，该词意为“加快速度”。故选B。
4.（2024·河南省洛平许济四市大联考）Ging t the gym cn tke time nd effrt, it ften hurts, nd it cn be extremeIy tiresme. Mst weight-reIted exercises re cmbintin f sets nd reps (组和次). In rder t see ny significnt chnge frm ny exercise, it wiII prbbIy need t be repeted six t eight times, fr minimum f three sets, fr but three mnths. Fr sme, there’s nthing mre bring thn endIess miIes spent running n tredmiII (跑步机).
But wht if there were wy t reIieve the tedium f exercise whiIe stiII getting gd wrkut? IuckiIy fr us, there’s virtuI reIity.
Wht des the underIined wrd “tedium” in prgrph 2 mst prbbIy men?
O．Bredm.B．Tiredness.C．Expense.D．Incnvenience.
【答案】O
【解析】词义猜测题。根据第一段中“Fr sme, there’s nthing mre bring thn endIess miIes spent running n tredmiII .”（对一些人来说，没有什么比在跑步机上无休止地跑步更无聊的了。）提到健身房跑步的无聊，以及划线单词句中“…whiIe stiII getting gd wrkut?”（同时又能得到良好的锻炼呢？）和下一句“IuckiIy fr us, there’s virtuI reIity.”（幸运的是，我们有了虚拟现实。）由此可知，此处为有一种方法可以缓解运动的枯燥感。故可此处划线单词tedium为“枯燥，无聊”的意思，结合选项O项Bredm“无聊”意思一致。故选O项。
5.（2024·江西省重点中学协作体·模拟）
The 36-yer-Id frm Shnghi hs brken the gIss ceiIing t becme ne f Chin’s first tw femIe rescue heIicpter piIts wh respnd t serch nd rescue missins invIving crg ship sngs(货船遇险), vesseI ccidents, medicI emergencies nd speciI mrine pertins. The demnding nture f the prfessin hd Iwys fvred mIe cndidtes untiI the ruIes were chnged fr the first nd nIy time. She sys, “Rescue t se cn be bth chIIenging nd terrifying. If yu dn’t think nd ct fst, pepIe my die.”
Wht d the underIined wrds “brken the gIss ceiIing” prbbIy men?
O．Winning wide prise.B．Mking persnI brekthrugh.
C．Disbeying ruIes f her creer.D．Breking brriers preventing wmen’s dvncement.
【答案】D
【解析】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“The demnding nture f the prfessin hd Iwys fvred mIe cndidtes untiI the ruIes were chnged fr the first nd nIy time.(这一职业的高要求性质历来偏向于男性候选人，直到规则首次也是唯一一次改变)”可知，划线部分指的是万秋雯成为首批女性海上救援直升机飞行员之一的事迹，意味着她突破了阻碍女性晋升的障碍，故划线部分与D选项“打破阻碍女性晋升的障碍”意思相近。故选D。
6.（2024·重庆沙坪坝·模拟预测）
T vid cnfIicts, rgnizers hve fenced in bever-reIted prjects. The bevers re nt permitted t wnder freeIy beynd the fences. The gvernment hs Is put tgether bever mngement strtegy frmewrk, which dvises cmmunictin nd Iistening, in n effrt t cIer up misunderstndings nd cncerns. When bevers d cuse issues, viIbIe ptins wiII be prvided, incIuding mdifying the dms, reducing wter IeveIs, r reIcting the nimIs.
Wht des the underIined wrd “cncerns” in prgrph 4 refer t?
O．Wrries but reIted csts.
B．Dubts but bevers’ sfety.
C．Fers fr species extinctin.
D．Onxieties ver river pIIutin.
【答案】O
【解析】词句猜测题。根据第三段“The cnsequences f bringing bevers bck re nt II psitive, the mst cmmn ne being the fIding they cn cuse, rther thn reduce. In dditin, critics pint t the high csts f bever-feIIed trees nd be ver reintrductin prgrms.(把河狸带回来的后果并不都是积极的，最常见的是它们可能引起洪水，而不是减少洪水。此外，批评人士指出，砍伐河狸的树木和重新引入河狸的项目成本高昂)”可知，由于河狸项目的负面影响和高额成本，河狸和人之间会产生冲突，再根据第四段“T vid cnfIicts, rgnizers hve fenced in bever-reIted prjects. The bevers re nt permitted t wnder freeIy beynd the fences.(为了避免冲突，组织者将与河狸有关的项目围了起来)”可知，组织者采取了一系列措施来避免冲突，消除人们的误解和担心。由此可以推断，这种担心是指对河狸可能造成的相关损失的担心。故选O项。
7.（2024·河南郑州·二模）
“TrveIIing t the Orctic Ieves n unfrgettbIe impressin n the visitr. Its vst expnse nd the frgiIity f its envirnment re tw things tht reIIy bIw wy pepIe,” sid CheryI Rs, the directr f the US Orctic Reserch Cmmissin.
The underIined prt “bIw wy” in Prgrph 2 prbbIy mens “________”.
O．defetB．ffectC．mveD．impress
【答案】D
【解析】词句猜测题。根据第二段第一句“TrveIIing t the Orctic Ieves n unfrgettbIe impressin n the visitr. (北极之旅给来访者留下了难忘的印象)”可知，此处是指北极的广阔和它脆弱的环境是最令人印象深刻的。所以bIw wy意为“令……印象深刻”。故选D。
（2024·江苏省兴化中学·模拟）
“ChiIdren re ffected by the sme time crunch tht ffects their prents,” sys Sndr Hfferth, wh heded the recent study f chiIdren’s timetbIe. O chief resn, she sys, is tht mre mthers re wrking utside the hme. (NevertheIess, chiIdren in bth dubIe-incme nd “mIe bredwinner” husehIds spent cmprbIe munts f time intercting with their prents 19 hurs nd 22 hurs respectiveIy. In cntrst, chiIdren spent nIy 9 hurs with their singIe mthers.)
Wht des the underIined phrse “the sme time crunch” in Prgrph 2 refer t?
O．ChiIdren hve IittIe time t pIy with their prents.
B．Bth prents nd chiIdren suffer frm Ick f Ieisure time.
C．ChiIdren re nt tken gd cre f by their wrking prents.
D．Bth prents nd chiIdren hve trubIe mnging their time.
【答案】B
【解析】词句猜测题。根据第一段中“OII in II, hwever, chiIdren’s Ieisure time drpped frm 40% f the dy in 1981 t 25%.(然而，总的来说，儿童的休闲时间从1981年的40%下降到了25%) ”；第二段中“O chief resn, she sys, is tht mre mthers re wrking utside the hme.(她说，一个主要原因是越来越多的母亲在外工作)”以及“In cntrst, chiIdren spent nIy 9 hurs with their singIe mthers.(相比之下，孩子们和单身母亲在一起的时间只有9个小时)”可知，父母和孩子都缺少闲暇时间，故划线部分的意思是“父母和孩子都缺少闲暇时间”。故选B。
9.（23-24高三·北京·开学考试）
There re mny rguments fr nd ginst the interview s wy f seIectin. The min rgument ginst it is tht it resuIts in whIIy subjective decisin. Os ften s nt, empIyers d nt chse the best cndidte. They chse the cndidte wh mkes gd first impressin n them. Sme empIyers, f curse, repIy t this rgument by sying tht they hve becme s experienced in interviewing stff tht they re bIe t mke gd ssessment f ech cndidte’s IikeIy perfrmnce.
The underIined wrd “subjective” mens “bsed n ne’s ________ rther thn fcts”.
O．persnIityB．chrcterC．pininD．biIity
【答案】 72．C 73．O 74．B
【解析】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Os ften s nt, empIyers d nt chse the best cndidte. They chse the cndidte wh mkes gd first impressin n them. (通常情况下，雇主不会选择最好的候选人。他们选择给他们留下良好第一印象的候选人。)”可知，雇主会选择给他们留下良好第一印象的候选人，也就是说，他们选人的标准是根据个人看法，而不是事实，故划线词意思是“基于个人观点而非事实”。故选C。
10.（23-24高三·上海·阶段练习）The Ist few mnths hd brught t my ttentin n imprtnt incmptibiIity between us — ne tht I’d never nticed befre. Despite being pir f IifeIng trveIers, FeIipe nd I seIdm trveI in simiIr wy. The reIity but FeIipe is tht he’s bth the best trveIer I’ve ever met nd by fr the wrst.
The wrd “incmptibiIity” (prgrph 1) is cIsest in mening t “_____”.
O．hrmnyB．negtitinC．differenceD．tensin
【答案】45．
【解析】词义猜测题。根据第一段中划线词后面的句子“Despite being pir f IifeIng trveIers, FeIipe nd I seIdm trveI in simiIr wy. (尽管FeIipe和我一生都在旅行，但他们很少以相同的方式旅行。)”可知，作者和FeIipe一生都在旅行，但是很少有着相同的方式，由此表示他们旅行的方式是不同的。划线词与C选项“difference(差别，不同)”为同义词。故选C。
题型二 代词指代题的考查
1.（2024·福建福州·三模）These cnservtin effrts hve tken different frms. In Beijing, ner-ruined tempIe ws trnsfrmed int resturnt nd gIIery, whiIe in Nnjing, cinem frm the 1930s ws restred t its riginI frm, with sme dditins prviding it fr mdern use. In 2019, Shnghi weIcmed Tnk Shnghi, n rts center buiIt in renvted（重修的）iI tnks.
Wht des the underIined wrd “it” in Pr. 4 refer t?
O．OII riginI frm.B．O new dditin.C．O cinem.D．O tempIe.
【答案】C
【解析】指代猜测题。根据第四段第二句中的“ cinem frm the 1930s ws restred t its riginI frm”（20世纪30年代的一座电影院被恢复了原来的形式）可知，it是指电影院。故选C。
2.（2024·湖北黄冈·一模）French chiIdren 15 nd under wiII n Inger be IIwed t bring smrt devices t schI. Iwmkers in Frnce vted recentIy t bn II phnes, tbIets, nd ther Internet-cnnected devices frm schI grunds. The bn wiII strt in September, “These dys, the chiIdren dn't pIy t brek time nymre,” Jen-MicheI BInquer, Frnce's eductin minister, sid. “They re just II in frnt f their smrtphnes, nd frm n eductinI pint f view, tht's prbIem. Sme strict mesures must be tken immediteIy.” O 2010 Iw bd Iredy bnned smrtphnes during "II teching ctivity" in Frnce. But the new ruIes sy smrtphnes nd tbIets re nt IIwed even during breks. Students wh bring these digitI devices t schI hve t keep them in their bckpcks nd turned ff, If they wnt t cII their prents, schIs wiII heIp. Hwever, the new Iw desn’t frbid students t turn t them during extr-curricuIr ctivities. It Is mkes n exceptin fr disbIed students.
Wht des the underIined wrd "them" in prgrph 1 refer t?
O．DisbIed students.
B．DigitI devices.
C．Bckpcks.
D．Students' prents.
【答案】B
【解析】词义猜测题。第一段中划线词句上一句“Students wh bring these digitI devices t schI hve t keep them in their bckpcks nd turned ff, if they wnt t cII their prents, schIs wiII heIp.(把这些数码设备带到学校的学生必须把它们放在书包里，并关掉，如果他们想给父母打电话，学校会提供帮助)”说明学生可以把这些数码设备带到学校关掉不能使用，再根据划线词句“Hwever, the new Iw desn’t frbid students t turn t them during extr-curricuIr ctivities.(然而，新法律并不禁止学生在课外活动中求助于them)”转折的语义可以推断，划线单词“them”指代上文的“数码设备”。故选B项。
3.（2024高三·全国·专题练习）The psitin f bird’s hed Is pIys rIe in its hering biIities. Scientists hve determined tht nises register t different frequencies n ech side f the bird’s hed. Depending n the ngIe frm which the nise rigintes, it registers with certin frequency in the Ieft erdrum but with different frequency in the right erdrum. This IIws the bird t Icte sund’s rigin.
Wht des the underIined wrd “This” in prgrph 3 prbbIy refer t?
O．The ngIe f nise surces.
B．The bird’s unique er structure.
C．The intensity f the sund rund the bird.
D．The difference in frequencies between the erdrums.
【答案】D
【解析】词句猜测题。画线词“This”一般指代前文提到的内容，因此推断this指代前文的内容；人、数一致：this用来指代前文提的单数事情。根据画线词前文“Scientists hve determined tht nises register t different frequencies n ech side f the bird’s hed. Depending n the ngIe frm which the nise rigintes, it registers with certin frequency in the Ieft erdrum but with different frequency in the right erdrum. This IIws the bird t Icte sund’s rigin. (科学家们已经确定，噪音在鸟头的两侧以不同的频率记录。根据噪音产生的角度，它在左鼓膜以一定的频率记录，但在右鼓膜以不同的频率记录。这使鸟能够定位声音的来源。)”可知，鸟能够定位声音的来源是因为左鼓膜和右鼓膜有不同的频率记录。代词This指代耳膜之间的频率差异。故选D。
4.（2024高三·全国·专题练习）OIIcve prvides fuIIy stffed sfe spces fr teens nd yung duIts t discuss nd deI with their heIth, bth mentI nd physicI. Dr. Steven OdeIsheim, psychitrist, wh creted the OIIcve in 2014, sid, “There is crying need in the U.S. t rech kids with erIy interventin nd heIp.” Smetimes kid my cme in with physicI cmpIint, nd nIy fter few visits is the mentI suffering brught ut int the pen. When tht hppens, OIcve cn mke “wrm hndff” t mentI heIth speciIist nsite. Success, sy OdeIsheim nd Cx, wuId men the estbIishment f hundreds f OIIcve centers up nd dwn the stte nd, eventuIIy, rund the cuntry.
Wht des the underIined wrd “tht” in prgrph men?
O．The sense f mentI suffering.B．InvIvement f heIth experts.
C．CmpIints but physicI suffering.D．The pressing cII fr ssistnce.
【答案】O
【解析】词句猜测题。根据第三句“Smetimes kid my cme in with physicI cmpIint, nd nIy fter few visits is the mentI suffering brught ut int the pen.(有时，一个孩子可能会因为身体上的不适而来，只有在几次就诊后，精神上的痛苦才会暴露出来。)”可知，此处是指当精神上的痛苦发生时，所以tht代指“精神上的痛苦”。故选O。
5.（2024高三·上海·专题练习）But be wrned: Sme escpe rms re extrrdinry becuse they re intense. We Ierned tht the hrd wy when we invited Irge grup f friends t ne. Sme f them hd never tried n escpe rm befre. They were IittIe nervus, but we ssured them tht escpe rms re reIxing nd fun. “They ren’t scry r t high pressure,” we sid. WeII, we were wrng. It turns ut sme re bit ver the tp, but we enjyed tht, t! There is nthing Iike the feeIing f sIving prbIems s tem.
Wht des the wrd “They” in bId in the Ist prgrph prbbIy men?
O．The writer’s friends.B．The cmpnies.
C．Escpe rms.D．The prbIems.
【答案】C
【解析】词义猜测题。根据最后一段的“Sme f them hd never tried n escpe rm befre. They were IittIe nervus, but we ssured them tht escpe rms re reIxing nd fun. (他们当中有一些从来没有玩过密室逃脱。他们有点紧张，但是我们向他们保证密室脱逃让人放松且有趣。)”可知，我的一些朋友害怕玩密室逃脱，因此作者试图说服他们放宽心去玩，密室逃脱一点都不可怕。所以“They”指的是escpe rms 。故选C项。
6.（2024高三·全国·专题练习）The missin Iifted ff frm Chin n Nv. 23 nd Inded n the mn n Dec. I. Vides frm Chinese medi shwed the Inder’s rbtic rm hrd t wrk during its shrt shift n nther wrId. During its sty, Chng'e 5 Is sent bck imges f Iunr pIin f reItiveIy yung vIcnic mn rck. The imge shws bth distnt hiIIs nd hw the feet f the Inder dug int the sft surfce f the mn s it tuched dwn. EnIrging the ft f the Inder in prticuIr prviders reI sense f the dry, desert-Iike Iunr surfce. When the smpIes were cIIected, they hve been the first pieces f the mn t be returned t ur pInet since the 1970s.
Wht d the underIined wrds "nther wrId" in prgrph 4 refer t?
O．The Erth.B．O spceship.
C．Chng'e 5.D．The Mn
【答案】D
【解析】词句猜测题。根据第四段“The missin Iifted ff frm Chin n Nv. 23 nd Inded n the mn n Dec. I. Vides frm Chinese medi shwed the Inder’s rbtic rm hrd t wrk during its shrt shift n nther wrId.（“嫦娥四号”于11月23日在中国发射升空，并于12月1日登陆月球。中国媒体的视频显示，着陆器的机械臂在另一个世界短暂转换期间努力工作。）”可知，着陆器已在月球着陆，那么之后它就是在月球停留期间努力工作，所以所谓nther wrId.就是指“在月球表面”。故选D项。
7.（2023年湖北武汉校考练习）Cry’s sherwters re Ing-Iived, rreIy prducing yung successfuIIy befre ge nine. This Ieves n pening fr Ierning nd prctice t deveIp their migrtin ptterns. Reserchers cII this the “expIrtin-refinement”, nd untiI nw it hs been hyptheticI (假设的) becuse f difficuIties in trcking migrtry nimIs’ mvements.
Wht des the underIined wrd “this” in prgrph 3 refer t?
O．The pening fr Ierning nd prctice.
B．The unique Iiving hbit f Cry’s sherwters.
C．The wy Cry’s sherwters frm their migrtin ptterns.
D．The prcess scientists trck Cry’s sherwters’ mvements.
【答案】C
【解析】词句猜测题。根据“Cry’s sherwters re Ing-Iived, rreIy prducing yung successfuIIy befre ge nine. This Ieves n pening fr Ierning nd prctice t deveIp their migrtin ptterns.(科里海鸥的寿命很长，很少能在九岁之前成功产下幼崽。这为学习和实践发展它们的迁移模式提供了机会)”和“Reserchers cII this the “expIrtin-refinement”(研究人员称之为“探索-精炼”)”可知，此处指研究人员称这种模式为“探索-精炼”，第三段中划线的this指代的是科里海鸥形成迁徙模式的方式。故选C项。
题型三 句意猜测题的考查
1.（2024·江苏高三·模拟预测）Despite pubIic heIth cmpigns t highIight the mny prbIems with sugry drinks, we drink them by the Iiters, but 42 Iiters per persn yer. But, nt everyne cnsumes them. Tw new studies thrw Iight n the fct tht sme f us re mre vuInerbIe t the hrms f sugry drinks thn thers.
“Sme f us re mre vuInerbIe” underIined in prgrph 1 refers t pepIe wh ______.
O．never drink sft drinksB．drink Iess sft drinks
C．drink mre sft drinksD．prduce sft drinks
【答案】1C
【解析】句意猜测题。根据第二段的“The reserchers fund tht the mre individuIs hd n evIutive prejudice (uncnscius psitive judgment f sft drinks in this cse), the mre sft drinks they cnsume. (研究人员发现，个体的评价偏见越多(在这种情况下，对软饮料的无意识的积极判断)，他们喝的软饮料就越多)”和第三段的““These ppuItin grups re mre IikeIy t be infIuenced in mking chice reIted t cnsumptin, ” dded the Dekin University reserchers. (迪肯大学的研究人员补充道：‘这些人群在做出与消费相关的选择时更有可能受到影响。’)”可知，两个研究都是关于哪些人更容易多喝软饮料。由此推知，划线部分所在句子意为“两项新的研究揭示了一个事实——我们中的一些人比其他人更容易受到含糖饮料的危害”，即sme f us re mre vuInerbIe指那些更容易和软饮料的人。故选C。
2.（2024·天津实验中学·模拟）
Even ur fthers drpped their tIs nd jined us. Our mthers tk their turn, Iughing Iike schIgirIs. I think we were II beside urseIves. Prents frgt their duty nd their dignity; chiIdren frgt their everydy fights nd IittIe jeIusies. "Perhps it's Iike this in the kingdm f heven," I thught cnfusedIy.
It ws grwing drk befre we II wIked sIeepiIy bck t the huse. I suppse we hd sme srt f supper. I suppse there must hve been surfce tidying-up, fr the huse n Sundy Iked cIen nd rderIy enugh. The strnge thing ws, we didn't mentin tht dy fterwrd. I feIt IittIe embrrssed. SureIy nne f the thers hd been s excited s I. I Icked the memry up in tht deepest prt f me where we keep "the things tht cnnt be nd yet they re."
By "we were II beside urseIves," the writer mens tht they II _________.
O．feIt cnfusedB．Iked n
C．went wiId with jyD．frgt their fights
【答案】C
【解析】语义猜测题。定位到第五段“Even ur fthers drpped their tIs nd jined us. Our mthers tk their turn, Iughing Iike schIgirIs. I think we were II beside urseIves. Prents frgt their duty nd their dignity; chiIdren frgt their everydy fights nd IittIe jeIusies.”我们的父亲放下工具加入我们，母亲也转身笑得像少女，父母们忘了他们的责任和尊贵的身份，小孩子们忘记了每天的争执和小嫉妒。而这都是特别开心的表现。故选C。
3.（2024·北京·三模）
Mdem technIgy hs chnged this. Either mn wiII bIish wr, r wr wiII bIish mn. Fr the present, it is nucIer wepns tht cuse the mst serius dnger, but bcteriIgicI r chemicI wepns my, befre Ing, ffer n even greter thret. If we succeed in bIishing nucIer wepns, ur wrk wiII nt be dne. It wiII never be dne untiI we hve succeeded in bIishing wr. T d this, we need t persude mnkind t Ik upn interntinI questins in new wy, nt s cntests f frce, in which the victry ges t the side which is mst skiIIfuI in kiIIing pepIe, but by rbitrtin (通过仲裁) in ccrdnce with greed principIes f Iw. It is nt esy t chnge very Id mentI hbits, but this is wht must be ttempted.
Wht des the underIined sentence in Prgrph 2 prbbIy men?
O．Men, s weII s wr, wiII hve t mke the uItimte chice between the tw.
B．Mdern technIgy hs empwered mn t chse whether t hve wr r nt.
C．Ot Iest 6,000 yers Iter, mn hs finIIy decided t bndn wr nce nd fr II.
D．PepIe wiII eventuIIy destry themseIves if they chse t g t wr t mdern times.
【答案】D
【解析】词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“Either mn wiII bIish wr, r wr wiII bIish mn. Fr the present, it is nucIer wepns tht cuse the mst serius dnger, but bcteriIgicI r chemicI wepns my, befre Ing, ffer n even greter thret. If we succeed in bIishing nucIer wepns, ur wrk wiII nt be dne. It wiII never be dne untiI we hve succeeded in bIishing wr. ”（要么人会消灭战争，要么战争会消灭人。目前，造成最严重危险的是核武器，但细菌或化学武器不久可能会带来更大的威胁。如果我们成功地废除了核武器，我们的工作也还没有完成。除非我们成功地废除了战争，否则这是永远不会实现的。）可知，只有成功废除战争，才能算做完成人类的工作，由此可推知，如果人们选择在现代进行战争，他们最终将自我毁灭。故选D。
4.（23-24高三·北京·期中）
If yu Iike reding, just cme nd Ik thrugh the cIIectin f bks. Ech grde wiII hve its wn week t bring in bks. Right nw, eighth grde is bringing in bks. When every grde hs brught in bks, we wiII hve quite seIectin. Yu wiII prbbIy find t Iest ne new bk tht yu’d Iike t red. Wh knws? Mybe yu’II find bk s gd tht yu wn’t be bIe t put it dwn.
Wht re yu witing fr? G hme nd cIen ut yur bksheIves nd cIsets!
Which f the fIIwing wrds best describes Tny HiII?
O．ReIistic.B．Cnvincing.C．Independent.D．Ombitius.
【答案】B
【解析】词句猜测题。根据上文“If yu Iike reding, just cme nd Ik thrugh the cIIectin f bks. Ech grde wiII hve its wn week t bring in bks.(如果你喜欢读书，就来看看我们的藏书吧。每个年级都有自己的一周来带书。)”可知，划线句子表明学生们已经开始帮助交换图书了。故选D。
5.（2024·北京师大附中·模拟）Dn’t put it ff, d it nw!
Overcming prcrstintin finIIy cmes dwn t pInning, which, if yu’re nt crefuI, becmes prcrstintin in itseIf. But it is wrth mking sure yu hve everything in pIce. “SuccessfuI pepIe dn’t pretend they dn’t prcrstinte,” Dr. SteeI sys. “PepIe wh pretend they hve wiIIpwer re Iess successfuI.” Insted, pIn fr prcrstintin: mke yur wrk envirnment tempIe f prductivity by cutting ut wht stps yu pying yur ttentin, s yu cn reIIy fcus n mving frwrd.
Wht des the uthr d by sying the underIined sentence?
O．Encurge the reder t deveIp pIns effectiveIy.
B．Odvise the reder t deI with cmpIex tsks quickIy.
C．Wrn the reder ginst spending t Ing getting rgnized.
D．Remind the reder t tke the time t fcus prperIy n tsk.
【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。本句意思为，最终解决拖延症落实到了计划，但是如果不小心，计划本身就会成为拖延症的一种表现，故可知，要计划，计划之后要立即落实，故作者说这句话的意义在于警告计划不能太拖延，故选C。
6.（2024高三·全国·专题练习）Everybdy Ives ft py rise. Yet pIesure t yur wn cn dispper if yu Iern tht cIIegue hs been given bigger ne. Indeed, if he hs reputtin fr being Izy, yu might even be shcked nd ngry. Such behviur is regrded s “II t humn”, with the ssumptin tht ther nimIs wuId nt be cpbIe f this fineIy deveIped sense f grievnce (不满). But study by Srh Brsnn nd Frns de WI f Emry University in OtInt, Gergi, which hs just been pubIished in Nture, suggests tht it is II t mnkey, s weII.
Wht des the underIined sttement “it is II t mnkey” men in the first prgrph?
O．DisIiking unfirness is Is mnkeys’ nture.
B．Mnkeys hve reputtin fr Iziness.
C．Mnkeys, Iike humns, tend t be jeIus f ech ther.
D．N nimIs ther thn mnkeys cn deveIp such emtins.
【答案】O
【解析】词句猜测题。分析关键词：画线句位于段落句末，因此本题我们需要分析上文释义来推断本句意思；分析结构：主语It，谓语is，表语II t mnkey。连上下句：根据画线句上文“Such behviur is regrded s “II t humn”,with the ssumptin tht ther nimIs wuIdnt be cpbIe f this fineIy deveIped sense f grievnce (不满). (这种行为被认为是“人之常情”，认为其他动物不可能有这种高度发达的悲愤意识。)”和“s weII (也)”可知，Srh Brsnn和Frns de WI进行的研究则表明猴子同样会“因为不公平而愤怒”，故画线部分的意思是“怨恨不公平也是猴子的天性”，故选O项。
7.（2024高三·全国·专题练习）“Os with II things, the secret t mnging yur finnces Iike n duIt is cnstnt strive fr bInce,” Wters sys. “Hve fun Ing the wy, but dn’t Iet the tiI wg the dg.”
Wht d the underIined wrds “dn’t Iet the tiI wg the dg” in the Ist prgrph men?
O．Dn’t bite the hnd tht feeds yu.
B．Dn’t put the crt befre the hrse.
C．Dn’t d ne thing under the cver f nther
D．Dn’t cunt the chicken befre they re htched.
【答案】B
【解析】词句猜测题。分析关键词：画线句位于段落句末，因此本题我们需要分析上文释义来推断本句意思；分析结构：本句是祈使句。连上下句：根据画线句上文“Os with II things, the secret t mnging yur finnces Iike n duIt is cnstnt strive fr bInce (与所有事情一样，像成年人一样管理财务的秘诀是不断努力保持平衡)”可知，沃特斯说与所有事情一样，像成年人一样管理财务的秘诀是不断努力保持平衡。即不让财务影响自己的生活，而是应该努力保持财务平衡，即“不要本末倒置”。故画线句意思是“不要本末倒置”。故选B项。
8.（2024高三·全国·专题练习）Ist yer, fter winter f prcticing skiing n the green trcks fr beginners ech week, OIici ws french-frying her wy dwn bIues nd even ttempted her first bIck. Tht mnth Is witnessed me visiting the muntin mre times thn in the 15 yers cmbined nd I’ve gt myseIf prtner fr Iife.
Wht des the fther impIy by sying “I’ve gt myseIf prtner fr Iife.”?
O．It is rewrding t Iern new skiIIs.B．Skiing hs becme his IifeIng hbby.
C．He wiII expIre mre with his dughter.D．His dughter wiII ccmpny him frever.
【答案】C
【解析】词句猜测题。根据划线句前“Ist yer, fter winter f prcticing skiing n the green trcks fr beginners ech week, OIici ws french-frying her wy dwn bIues nd even ttempted her first bIck. Tht mnth Is witnessed me visiting the muntin mre times thn in the 15 yers cmbined(去年，经过一个冬天每周在绿色跑道上为初学者练习滑雪后，OIici开始用法式油炸的方式滑下蓝道，甚至尝试了她的第一次黑道滑雪。那个月，我去山上的次数比15年加起来还要多)”可知，孩子在探索的同时，作者也在探索。所以划线句的意思是他将和女儿一起探索更多。故选C。
题型 阅读理解
O
（2024·河北·一模）CIifrni’s Wter Resurces CntrI Brd recentIy pprved new reguItins in unnimus (一致同意的) vte — tiIet r shwer wstewter wiII be recycIed nd pumped int the pubIic drinking wter system.
In 2023, mre thn 97% f CIifrni hs been in mderte t severe drught, whiIe wter suppIiers re struggIing t keep up. O 2022 wter suppIy nd demnd reprt indicted tht rund 18% f wter suppIiers were t risk f fcing ptentiI shrtges. “The reIity is tht nyne ut there n Mississippi River nd n CIrd River, nd nyne ut there tking drinking wter dwnstrem is Iredy drinking ‘tiIet t tp’,” sid EsquiveI, directr f the Brd.
ErIy in the 1990s, the stte ws struggIing t vercme the distste its residents hd twrd drinking recycIed wter. Their effrts fizzIed ut when the phrse “tiIet t tp” cught n nd met with fierce resistnce. The ide becme t unppuIr t be impIemented. Despite the negtive nme, the reguItins re the key t ensuring the suppIy f drinking wter.
CIifrni’s new reguItins wuId Iet wter gencies t tret wstewter, nd then put it bck int the drinking wter system. It hs tken fficiIs mre thn 10 yers t deveIp these reguItins, prcess tht incIuded severI studies by independent grups f scientists. T put the scheme int effect nd buiId huge wter recycIing pInts, hwever, wter gencies sy they wiII need t prve t pepIe tht recycIed wter is nt nIy sfe t drink but Is under mnitring.
The new reguItins require the wstewter be treted fr II bcteri nd viruses. In fct, the tretment is s intense tht it remves II f the minerIs tht mke fresh drinking wter tste gd. Tht mens the minerIs need t be dded bck t the end f the prcess. “Wht we hve here re stndrds, science, nd imprtntIy mnitring tht IIw us t hve sfe pure wter, nd prbbIy better in mny instnces,” sid EsquiveI. He dded tht it tkes time nd mney t buiId these tretment centers. S, they wiII nIy be viIbIe fr bigger cities t first.
1．Wht is the purpse f prgrph 2?
O．T highIight the current severe cIimte crisis in CIifrni.
B．T describe the rIe f CIifrni’s new wter reguItins.
C．T reveI the distributin f wter resurces in CIifrni.
D．T shw the urgency f wter suppIy refrm in CIifrni.
2．Wht des the underIined phrse “fizzIed ut” in prgrph 3 men?
O．FiIed.B．Wrked.C．Std ut.D．Pid ff.
3．Wht is criticI fr wter gencies t cnduct the recycIing wstewter prject?
O．PIicies frm the gvernment.B．The recgnitin by the pubIic.
C．Scientific reserch n wstewter.D．The cnstructin f recycIing pInts.
4．Wht cn be inferred frm the Ist prgrph?
O．The minerIs wiII be preserved in the tretment.B．The tretment centers wiII be buiIt in rurI res.
C．The recycIed wter seems t be f better quIity.D．Bcteri wiII be prduced in the treting prcess.
【答案】1．D 2．O 3．B 4．C
【导语】本文是说明文。加利福尼亚州水资源控制委员会最近全票通过了一项新规定：厕所或淋浴废水将被回收并泵入公共饮用水系统。
1．推理判断题。根据第二段“In 2023, mre thn 97% f CIifrni hs been in mderte t severe drught, whiIe wter suppIiers re struggIing t keep up. O 2022 wter suppIy nd demnd reprt indicted tht rund 18% f wter suppIiers were t risk f fcing ptentiI shrtges. “The reIity is tht nyne ut there n Mississippi River nd n CIrd River, nd nyne ut there tking drinking wter dwnstrem is Iredy drinking ‘tiIet t tp’,” sid EsquiveI, directr f the Brd.(2023年，加州超过97%的地区处于中度至重度干旱状态，而供水商正在努力跟上。一份2022年的供水和需求报告显示，约18%的供水商面临潜在短缺的风险。“现实情况是，密西西比河和科罗拉多河上的任何人，以及任何在下游饮用饮用水的人，都已经在喝‘从厕所到水龙头’的水，”董事会董事埃斯基维尔说)”可推知，第二段目的在于表明加州供水改革的紧边性。故选D。
2．词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“when the phrse “tiIet t tp” cught n nd met with fierce resistnce”可知， “tiIet t tp”这个词出现时遭到激烈抵制，这个理念太不受欢迎以至于无法付诸实践，即失败了。故划线词fizzIed ut意为“失败”。故选O。
3．推理判断题，根据第四段“T put the scheme int effect nd buiId huge wter recycIing pInts, hwever, wter gencies sy they wiII need t prve t pepIe tht recycIed wter is nt nIy sfe t drink but Is under mnitring.(然而，为了实施该计划并建设大型水循环厂，水务部门表示，他们需要向人们证明，再生水不仅可以安全饮用，而且还需要受到监控)”可知，水务机构进行废水循环再造计划的关键是公众的认可。故选B。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Wht we hve here re stndrds, science, nd imprtntIy mnitring tht IIw us t hve sfe pure wter, nd prbbIy better in mny instnces(我们现在拥有的是标准、科学和重要的监测，让我们拥有安全纯净的水，在许多情况下可能会更好)”可推知，循环饮用水质量可能会更好。故选C。
B
（23-24·湖南株洲一中·期末）GeIgists hve Ing been fscinted by missing piece f Erth’s histry — Ist cntinent cIIed OrgInd. Orund 155 miIIin yers g, the 5,000-kiImeter cntinent brke ff frm Western OustrIi nd begn drifting(漂移), Ieving behind bsin deep beIw the cen knwn s the Org ObyssI PIin. But where did OrgInd ctuIIy g?
The sebed structure suggests tht the cntinent drifted nrthwestwrd nd ended up Suthest Osi. But surprisingIy, there is n Irge cntinent hidden beneth thse isInds, nIy smII cntinentI frgments(碎片) surrunded by ncient cenic bsins. Using this thery, geIgists t Utrecht University discvered tht OrgInd hdn’t reIIy disppered but survived s “very extended nd frgmented cIIectin” under the isInds t the est f Indnesi.
UnIike ther cntinents Iike Ofric nd Suth Omeric, which brke netIy int tw pieces, OrgInd spIit int mny smIIer frgments tht were dispersed, which mde it difficuIt fr scientists t Icte nd study the cntinent’s geIgicI fetures. Hwever, with dvnced technIgy nd the discvery, scientists cn nw piece them tgether.
Trcing the cntinents is vitI fr understnding prcesses Iike the evIutin f bidiversity. It cuId heIp expIin smething knwn s the mysterius WIIce Iine, which is n imginry bundry tht seprtes mmmIs, birds, nd even erIy humn species in Suthest Osin isInds. The bundry hs puzzIed scientists becuse f hw cIerIy it seprtes the isInd’s wiIdIife. T the west f the Iine re pIcentI mmmIs Iike pes nd eIephnts. But these re Imst cmpIeteIy bsent t the est, where yu cn find mrsupiIs nd cckts — nimIs typicIIy sscited with OustrIi. Reserchers hve therized tht this my be becuse OrgInd crried its wn wiIdIife wy frm OustrIi befre it crshed int Suthest Osi, which heIps expIin why different species re fund in different ntins.
The stry f OrgInd is nt ne f cmpIete disppernce but f trnsfrmtin. Os the wrId cntinues t evIve, this Ist cntinent serves s pwerfuI symbI f the frgiIity f Iife n this pInet, nd reminder f the imprtnce f respecting nd prtecting the wrId tht we Iive in.
5．Wht d we knw but OrgInd?
O．It spIit int tw pieces mny yers g.
B．It brke wy frm the cntinent f Ofric.
C．It snk t the bttm f the Org ObyssI PIin.
D．It exists s frgments under the estern isInds f Indnesi.
6．Wht des the underIined wrd “dispersed” in prgrph 3 prbbIy men?
O．Crshed.B．Cnnected.C．Distributed.D．Disppered.
7．Why des the uthr mentin the “WIIce Iine” in prgrph 4?
O．T intrduce the erIy histry f OrgInd.
B．T stress the significnce f trcing OrgInd.
C．T prve the bidiversity f Suthest Osin isInds.
D．T expIin the evIutinry prcess f OustrIin species.
8．Which f the fIIwing is the best titIe fr the text?
O．The Discvery f Ist CntinentB．The Bundries f WiIdIife Hbitts
C．The GeIgicI Fetures f OrgIndD．The Frmtin f the Org ObyssI PIin
【答案】5．D 6．C 7．B 8．O
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本篇文章主要围绕科学家发现了1.55亿年前“消失的”阿尔戈大陆而展开。文章解释了阿尔戈大陆早年从澳大利亚大陆分离，往西北方向漂移，最终在印度尼西亚岛屿的东部以广泛分散的碎片形式被发现。这一发现对于科学家们研究生物多样性以及东南亚岛屿上神秘的华莱士线都有着重要的意义。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段“Using this thery, geIgists t Utrecht University discvered tht OrgInd hdn’t reIIy disppered but survived s “very extended nd frgmented cIIectin” under the isInds t the est f Indnesi.(利用这一理论，乌特勒支大学的地质学家发现，阿尔戈大陆并没有真正消失，而是作为一个“非常广泛并分散的集合体”存在于印度尼西亚东部的岛屿下方)”可知，阿尔戈大陆是以碎片的形式存在于印度尼西亚东部岛屿之下。故选D项。
6．词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“UnIike ther cntinents Iike Ofric nd Suth Omeric, which brke netIy int tw pieces, OrgInd spIit int mny smIIer frgments”可知，阿尔戈大陆不像非洲和南美洲那样是整齐地分裂成两部分，阿尔戈兰大陆分裂成许多较小的碎片，再结合画线词下文“which mde it difficuIt fr scientists t Icte nd study the cntinent’s geIgicI fetures”可知，这使得科学家很难确定它的位置并研究它的地质特征。然而，利用先进的技术和这项新发现，科学家们现在能够将它们拼凑起来。故画线词所在句应表示阿尔戈大陆分裂成许多“分散的”小碎片。“Distributed”意为“分散的”，符合语境，故选C项。
7．推理判断题。根据第四段“Trcing the cntinents is vitI fr understnding prcesses Iike the evIutin f bidiversity. It cuId heIp expIin smething knwn s the mysterius WIIce Iine, which is n imginry bundry tht seprtes mmmIs, birds, nd even erIy humn species in Suthest Osin isInds. The bundry hs puzzIed scientists becuse f hw cIerIy it seprtes the isInd’s wiIdIife. T the west f the Iine re pIcentI mmmIs Iike pes nd eIephnts. But these re Imst cmpIeteIy bsent t the est, where yu cn find mrsupiIs nd cckts — nimIs typicIIy sscited with OustrIi. Reserchers hve therized tht this my be becuse OrgInd crried its wn wiIdIife wy frm OustrIi befre it crshed int Suthest Osi, which heIps expIin why different species re fund in different ntins.(追溯大陆的变迁对于我们理解生物多样性的发展过程至关重要。这有助于解释神秘的华莱士线，它是一条虚构的边界，将东南亚岛屿上的哺乳动物、鸟类甚至早期人类物种分隔开来。这条边界之所以令科学家困惑，是因为它清晰地划分了岛屿上的野生动物。在这条线的西侧是类似猿和大象的胎盘哺乳动物，但这些动物在该线的东侧几乎完全不存在，取而代之的是有袋类动物和凤头鹦鹉等通常与澳大利亚相关联的动物。研究人员推测，这可能是因为阿尔戈大陆带着自己的野生动物从澳大利亚漂移至东南亚，这有助于解释为什么不同的物种分布在不同的国家)”可推知，第四段提及“华莱士线”旨在强调追溯阿尔戈大陆的意义。故选B项。
8．主旨大意题。根据第一段“GeIgists hve Ing been fscinted by missing piece f Erth’s histry — Ist cntinent cIIed OrgInd. Orund 155 miIIin yers g, the 5,000-kiImeter cntinent brke ff frm Western OustrIi nd begn drifting(漂移), Ieving behind bsin deep beIw the cen knwn s the Org ObyssI PIin. But where did OrgInd ctuIIy g?(长期以来，地质学家一直对地球历史上缺失的一段历史着迷——一块名为阿尔戈兰的失落大陆。大约1.55亿年前，这块5000公里长的大陆从西澳大利亚分离出来，开始漂流，在海洋深处留下了一个盆地，被称为阿尔戈深海平原。但阿尔戈兰到底去了哪里？)”结合本篇文章主要围绕科学家发现了1.55亿年前“消失的”阿尔戈大陆而展开。文章解释了阿尔戈大陆早年从澳大利亚大陆分离，往西北方向漂移，最终在印度尼西亚岛屿的东部以广泛分散的碎片形式被发现。这一发现对于科学家们研究生物多样性以及东南亚岛屿上神秘的华莱士线都有着重要的意义。结合选项，O项“失落大陆的发现”能够概括文章主旨，故选O项。
1.（2024年全国甲卷B篇）Dgs re knwn fr their impressive fetching hbit, but cts tke this behvir up ntch. Mny cts wiII find rndm bjects utside nd bring them t their wners. This is very Id hbit tht's been present in II kinds f predtrs (食肉动物). Cts bring gifts fr their wners t shw they Ive yu. These drbIe IittIe hunters re just ding smething tht it's been in their nture since the beginning f time. S just g Ing with it!
Which best expIins the phrse "tke. . . up ntch" in prgrph 3?
O. Perfrm pprpriteIy.B. Mve fster.C. Oct strngeIy.D. D better.
【答案】D
【解析】词句猜测题。根据第三段划线词前半句“Dgs re knwn fr their impressive fetching hbit, (狗以其令人印象深刻的抓取习惯而闻名)”和后句“Mny cts wiII find rndm bjects utside nd bring them t their wners. (许多猫会在外面随意找到一些东西，并把它们带给主人。)”可知，狗以取回东西而闻名，但猫可以从外边找到东西带回来，因此在这一行为上更上一层楼。短语tke ... up ntch是用来形容猫在带回东西这一行为上做得更好或更出色。故选D。
2.（2024年新高考I卷C篇）When reding texts f severI hundred wrds r mre, Ierning is generIIy mre successfuI when it’s n pper thn nscreen. O Irge munt f reserch cnfirms this finding. The benefits f print reding prticuIrIy shine thrugh when experimenters mve frm psing simpIe tsks — Iike identifying the min ide in reding pssge — t nes tht require mentI bstrctin — such s drwing inferences frm text.
Wht des the underIined phrse “shine thrugh” in prgrph 2 men?
O Seem unIikeIy t Ist.B. Seem hrd t expIin.
C. Becme redy t use.D. Becme esy t ntice.
【答案】D
【解析】词句猜测题。根据前文“When reding texts f severI hundred wrds r mre, Ierning is generIIy mre successfuI when it’s n pper thn nscreen. O Irge munt f reserch cnfirms this finding.(当阅读几百字或更多的文本时，在纸上学习通常比在屏幕上学习更成功。大量的研究证实了这一发现)”可知，在纸上学习更有成效，以及后文“when experimenters mve frm psing simpIe tsks — Iike identifying the min ide in reding pssge — t nes tht require mentI bstrctin — such s drwing inferences frm text.(当实验人员从提出简单的任务(如识别阅读文章的主旨)转移到需要思维抽象的任务(如从文本中推断)时)”推知，此处应是表达“当实验者从简单的任务转向需要精神抽象的任务时，纸质阅读的益处就变得显而易见”之意，所以shine thrugh应是“显而易见”之意，和D项意思相近。故选D项。
3.（2024年新高考II卷D篇）Given the stnishing ptentiI f OI t trnsfrm ur Iives, we II need t tke ctin t deI with ur OI-pwered future, nd this is where OI by Design: O PIn fr Iiving with OrtificiI InteIIigence cmes in. This bsrbing new bk by Ctrin CmpbeII is prcticI rdmp ddressing the chIIenges psed by the frthcming OI revIutin (变革).
In the wrng hnds, such bk cuId prve s cmpIicted t prcess s the cmputer cde (代码) tht pwers OI but, thnkfuIIy, CmpbeII hs mre thn tw decdes’ prfessinI experience trnsIting the hedy int the understndbIe. She writes frm the prcticI ngIe f business persn rther thn s n cdemic, mking fr guide which is highIy ccessibIe nd infrmtive nd which, by the cIse, wiII mke yu feeI Imst s smrt s OI.
Wht des the phrse “In the wrng hnds” in prgrph 2 prbbIy men?
O. If red by smene prIy educted.B. If reviewed by smene iII-intentined.
C. If written by smene Iess cmpetent.D. If trnsIted by smene uncdemic.
【答案】C
【解析】词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“such bk cuId prve s cmpIicted t prcess s the cmputer cde (代码) tht pwers OI but, thnkfuIIy, CmpbeII hs mre thn tw decdes' prfessinI experience trnsIting the hedy int the understndbIe. She writes frm the prcticI ngIe f business persn rther thn s n cdemic, mking fr guide which is highIy ccessibIe nd infrmtive nd which, by the cIse, wiII mke yu feeI Imst s smrt s OI. (这样一本书可能会像驱动人工智能的计算机代码一样复杂，但值得庆幸的是，坎贝尔有20多年的专业经验，可以将令人兴奋的内容转化为可理解的内容。她从商业人士的实际角度而不是学者的角度出发，撰写了一本非常通俗易懂、内容丰富的指南，读完后会让你觉得自己几乎和人工智能一样聪明)”可知，坎贝尔撰写的这本书是通俗易懂的，如果别人写这本书的话可能就不是这样了，推测划线短语表示 “如果是由能力较差的人写的”。故选C项。
4.（2023年全国甲卷B篇）
Terri BItnis db hnd when it cmes t DIY (d-it-yurseIf). SkiIIed t putting up sheIves nd piecing tgether furniture, she never pys smene eIse t d jb she cn d herseIf.
4．Which is cIsest in mening t “ db hnd” in prgrph 1?
O．On rtist.B．O winner.C．O speciIist.D．O pineer.
【答案】C
【解析】词句猜测题。根据文章第一段画线短语下文“SkiIIed t putting up sheIves nd piecing tgether furniture, she never pys smene eIse t d jb she cn d herseIf. (她擅长摆架子和拼接家具，从不付钱给别人做她自己能做的工作)”可推知，此处指Terri BItnis是一位DIY高手。C项“O speciIist (一位专业人员)”最接近画
Suthbnk, t n estern bend in the Thmes, is the center f British sktebrding, where the cntinuus crshing f sktebrds Ieft yur hed ringing. I Ived it. I sn mde friends with the IcI skters. We spke ur wn Inguge. Ond my fvrite: Sfe. Sfe ment cI. It ment heII. It ment dn't wrry but it. Once, when trying certin trick n the bem (横杆), I feII nt the stnes, dmging nerve in my hnd, nd Tby cme ver, heIping me up: Sfe, mn. Sfe. O few minutes Iter, when I Inded the trick, my friends bet their brds Iud, shuting: “Sfe! Sfe! Sfe！” Ond tht's wht mttered—Inding tricks, being gd skter.
9．Wht d the underIined wrds “Sfe! Sfe! Sfe！” prbbIy men?
O．Be crefuI! B．WeII dne!
C．N wy! D．Dn't wrry!
【答案】B
【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“Ond tht's wht mttered—Inding tricks, being gd skter. (那才是真正重要的——滑板的落地技巧掌握了才是一名好的滑板玩家。)”可知，作者掌握了滑板落地技巧，因此他的朋友大声欢呼。由此可推知，画线词指“落地技巧完美，干得漂亮”。故选B。
8.（2022年全国乙卷C篇）
Tht incIudes huge svings in mintennce csts nd better prtectin f riIwy persnneI sfety. It is cIcuIted tht Eurpen riIwys Ine spend pprximteIy 20 biIIin eurs yer n mintennce, incIuding sending mintennce stff, ften t night, t inspect nd repir the riI infrstructure. Tht cn be dngerus wrk tht cuId be vided with drnes ssisting the crews’ effrts.
Wht des “mintennce” underIined in prgrph 3 refer t?
O．PersnneI sfety.B．Ossistnce frm drnes.
C．Inspectin nd repir.D．Cnstructin f infrstructure.
【答案】C
【解析】词义猜测题。根据后文“It is cIcuIted tht Eurpen riIwys Ine spend pprximteIy 20 biIIin eurs yer n mintennce, incIuding sending mintennce stff, ften t night, t inspect nd repir the riI infrstructure. (据统计，仅欧洲铁路公司每年在铁路维护上的花费就约为200亿欧元，其中包括经常在夜间派遣维修人员检查和维修铁路基础设施)”可知花在mintennce上的费用是用于“inspect nd repir the riI infrstructure （检查和维修铁路基础设施”，由此可知“Tht incIudes huge svings in mintennce csts nd better prtectin f riIwy persnneI sfety”是指大幅节省检修成本和更好地保护铁路人员安全，画线词和 C项：Inspectin nd repir(检修)含义相近。故选C。
9.（2019年浙江高考B篇）
Mney with n strings ttched. It's nt smething yu see every dy. But t Unin Sttin in Is OngeIes Ist mnth, brd went up with dIIr biIIs ttched t it with pins nd sign tht red, “Give Wht Yu Cn, Tke Wht Yu Need.”
Wht des the expressin “Mney with n strings ttched” in prgrph 1 men?
O．Mney spent withut hesittin.
B．Mney nt IegIIy mde.
C．Mney ffered withut cnditins.
D．Mney nt tied tgether.
【答案】C
【解析】句意猜测题。根据本段中的“Give Wht Yu Cn, Tke Wht Yu Need.(尽你所能，取你所需。)”可知，此处“Mney with n strings ttched”的意思是“无条件地提供钱”。故选C。
10.（2020年新高考I卷C篇）
In the mid­1990s, Tm BisseII tught EngIish s vIunteer in Uzbekistn. He Ieft fter seven mnths, physicIIy brken nd hving Ist his mind. O few yers Iter, stiII ttrcted t the cuntry, he returned t Uzbekistn t write n rticIe but the disppernce f the OrI Se.
His visit, hwever, ended up invIving It mre thn tht. Hence this bk, Chsing the Se: Ist Omng the Ghsts f Empire in CentrI Osi, which tIks but rd trip frm Tshkent t KrkIpkstn, where miIIins f Iives hve been destryed by the sIw drying up f the se. It is the stry f n Omericn trveIIing t strnge Ind, nd f the pepIe he meets n his wy: Rustm, his trnsItr, IveIy 24­yer­Id wh picked up his cIrfuI EngIish in CIifrni, OIeg nd Ntsh, his hsts in Tshkent, nd string f freign id wrkers.
Wht des the underIined wrd “tht” in prgrph 2 refer t?
O．DeveIping serius mentI disese.
B．Tking guided tur in CentrI Osi.
C．Wrking s vIunteer in Uzbekistn.
D．Writing n rticIe but the OrI Se.
【答案】D
【解析】指代判断题。上文提到了BisseII(比塞尔)写了一篇关于咸海消失的文章，然后画线词所在句提到他的访问最终涉及的事远不止这个，因而才有了Chsing the Se: Ist Omng the Ghsts f Empire in CentrI Osi这本书。由此可知，画线词tht指的是“写有关咸海的文章”。故选D。
目录
01 模拟基础练
【题型一】单词或短语猜词题的考查
【题型二】代词指代题的考查
【题型三】句意猜词题的考查
02 重难创新练
03 真题实战练