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北京市第十一中学2024-2025学年高三上学期10月月考英语试卷（Word版附解析）
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这是一份北京市第十一中学2024-2025学年高三上学期10月月考英语试卷（Word版附解析），文件包含北京市第十一中学2024-2025学年高三上学期10月月考英语试卷Word版含解析docx、北京市第十一中学2024-2025学年高三上学期10月月考英语试卷Word版无答案docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共33页， 欢迎下载使用。
第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节(共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
One Mnday mrning I came int the classrm and caught Je ____1____ a picture n his math bk. This was ne day after I had given the class a lecture n taking care f schl prperty. Nrmally I wuld have gt angry and ____2____ him t the ffice. Instead, I walked ver t his desk and std there. Je clsed the bk immediately, trying t hide his drawing. I said, “Let me ____3____ what I said yesterday: these textbks are ging t be used fr the next five years, and I ____4____ yu t take gd care f them.” “Srry,” Je murmured. “I frgt.” “I see.” I said.
When I returned t Je’s desk again, he was erasing the drawing with his tiny, wrn-ut eraser. I ____5____ him mine and a drawing pad, and then said, “Here, this might make the jb ____6____. And yu can als use the pad whenever yu have the ____7____ t draw.” Je lked ____8____ and said, “Thanks.” I ndded and started my lessn.
Je hasn’t drawn in his textbk since. He keeps the pad in his pcket and shws me his drawing frm time t time. I’m glad I didn’t ask him t g t the ffice that day. It might have stpped him frm marking n his bks, but we wuld never have the ____9____ we have tday. And wh knws, I may have _____10_____ a prmising Picass.
1. A. drawingB. cpyingC. bservingD. examining
2. A. welcmedB. sentC. beggedD. fllwed
3. A. checkB. prveC. updateD. repeat
4. A. frceB. allwC. expectD. prmise
5. A. rewardedB. handedC. shwedD. mailed
6. A. slwerB. earlierC. saferD. easier
7. A. urgeB. energyC. ambitinD. talent
8. A. surprisedB. calmC. awkwardD. anxius
9. A. achievementB. appintmentC. relatinshipD. cnflict
10. A. attractedB. encuragedC. ignredD. cheated
第二节(共15分)
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Dim sum is ne f the mst ppular Chinese dishes. It ____11____ (riginate) in Guangzhu city mre than a thusand years ag. Peple f Guangdng are fnd f drinking in the mrning r lunch. S, they ften eat dim sum during their tea parties fr breakfast and lunch. A Cantnese chef’s gal is ____12____ (preserve) the fd’s riginal flavr. Unlike ther Chinese styles f cking such as Sichuan style, ______13______ Cantnese chef aims t d is t bring ut r highlight the riginal flavr f the vegetable, meat, r fruit.
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Yu have prbably dreamed abut hw yu wuld change the wrld, nly t find that it seems impssible. Hwever, yu may have the pwer t make the wrld better with baby steps. That’s the idea behind the BA Challenge, _____14_____ is a public service campaign c-initiated by Alibaba and Sina Weib. It asks peple t d smething psitive and then recrd the changes befre and after. Since its first _____15_____ (appear) n Sin Weib n Sept. 2nd, the BA Challenge has attracted millins f viewers and participants. _____16_____these little things may be easily ignred in ur daily lives, they are well received by many viewers.
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Initially ____17____ (cnstruct) arund 256 BCE, Dujiangyan is a remarkable example f ancient engineering skill and is still in use tday. During the Qin dynasty, Li Bing, a gvernr and irrigatin engineer, investigated the prblem thrughly. Owing t his effrts, Sichuan became a regin much _____18_____ (prductive) than ther parts in China. One famus cnstructin, tgether with tw ther imprtant parts, Feishanyan and Bapingku, _____19_____ (design) t cntrl the water flw. Recgnized _____20_____UNESCO heritage site, Dujiangyan has irrigated farms while preventing flds fr mre than 2000 years.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
What are sme f yur favurite memries f the University?
In preparatin fr each 50th reunin, members f the milestne class are asked t recall campus memries fr an annual Memry Bk.
Here's a small selectin f sme memries frm the Class f 1969.
Phyllis J Baunach
“ cannt frget the endless hurs studying, researching, and learning in the middle f the musty bks in the stacks. We did everything by hand! But the jys f ideas cming t life and understanding thrny cncepts are priceless.
Additinally, I cannt frget the jyful hurs f C-Kast rehearsals fr student-written-and- directed plays, and the thrill f audiences’ respnses t ur effrts. Nr will I ever frget taking vice lessns at the Eastman Schl f Music. This curse gave me cnfidence t try new musical appraches and t think n my feet.”
Paul Behm
“... many sweet and lasting memries—five feet f deep snw, getting stranded n the Thruway, music at Hylie Mrris's Alley, and, f curse, I met my wife f 48 years, Ellen Blazer Behm frm the Class f 1972, when she was a freshman and I was a senir. As a five-year chemical engineering majr, I had ne elective t spare, and Ellen said, “Hw abut ceangraphy?” S, I enrlled in ceangraphy with Dr. Tar Takahashi（the famus climate scientist）, which awakened my envirnmental justices, and changed my prfessinal directin.”
Farel Vella McClure
“ truly lved my fur undergraduate years at the University f Rchester. In fact, I lved it s much that I stayed an extra year t get a master's degree! I was very frtunate t have been ttally immersed in student life n campus. My memries include campaigning and winning a seat n the student gvernment during my freshman year. Other memries include the Susan B. Anthny banquet, and sleeping in the cmfy chairs in the library. I was als privileged t be selected as a student representative n the design team fr the new Wilsn Cmmns. I. M. Pei, the famus architect wh designed the Luvre Pyramid, was the architect fr Wilsn Cmmns. We even visited his ffices in New Yrk t see the “master” at wrk.”
21. Accrding t the passage, Paul Behm ______.
A. married Ellen Blazer in 1972
B. disliked his majr in university
C. became a famus climate scientist later
D. discvered his interest in envirnmental science
22. What can we learn abut Farel Vella McClure?
A. She was a wrld-famus designer.
B. She was active in schl activities.
C. She had a hard time getting her master's.
D. She nce met I. M. Pei at the Luvre Pyramid.
23. The three peple all talked abut ______.
A. their belved prfessrsB. their great friendship
C. their learning experiencesD. their beautiful campus
B
The spt f red was what first caught Randy Heiss’s attentin n December 16, 2018. He walked tward it and fund a balln attached t a piece f paper. “Dayami,” it read n ne side, in a child’s writing. Heiss flipped the paper ver. It was a numbered list in Spanish. His Spanish isn’t very gd, but he culd see it was a Christmas list.
He was charmed and wndered whether he culd find the child. Abut 20 miles t the suthwest, just acrss the brder, was the city f Ngales, Mexic. Based n the prevailing wind, he was pretty sure that’s where it came frm.
Back hme, Heiss’s wife wh is fluent in Spanish translated the list. Dayami, prbably a girl, had asked fr a dll, a dllhuse, clthes and art supplies.
Heiss then psted abut his quest n Facebk, attaching phts, hping smene might knw the girl’s family.
A few days passed with n leads; Heiss wrried that time was running ut befre Christmas. On December 19, he decided t send a private Facebk message t Radi XENY based in Ngales. The next mrning, Heiss awke t a message: The staff had lcated Dayami, wh indeed lived in Ngales and wuld be willing t arrange a get-tgether at the radi statin.
Heiss and his wife rushed t buy everything n Dayami’s list. Then they drve fr 45 minutes, crssing the brder int Ngales. They finally met the very excited girl. “Her eyes were wide pen with wnder. Like, ‘Oh my gsh, this really did wrk!’ It was a beautiful experience,” Heiss said. “Quite healing fr us.”
Heiss, 61, has lived in Bisbee, Arizna fr mre than three decades. Ten years ag, he and his wife lst their nly child. They have n grandchildren. Nw they split their time between Ngales and Bisbee.
“Being arund children at Christmastime has been absent in ur lives,” Heiss said. “It’s been kind f a gaping hle in ur Christmas experience.” He has since reflected n what a miracle it was that he sptted the balln at all, let alne that he was able t lcate Dayami and her family.
24. On December 16, Heiss ________.
A. planned t g t Ngales
B. fund a wish list by accident
C. sptted a card attached t a balln
D. read a stry abut Dayami n Facebk
25. What did Heiss d t find Dayami?
A. He asked his wife fr advice.
B He psted Dayami’s pht nline.
C. He drve t Ngales t find clues.
D. He turned t Radi XENY fr help.
26. What d we learn abut Heiss?
A. He has lived alne fr many years.
B. He is nt gd at learning languages.
C. He has built a clse bnd with Dayami.
D. He buys Dayami gifts every Christmas.
27 What des the stry intend t tell us?
A. Giving is rewarding.
B. All fr ne, ne fr all.
C. Actins speak luder than wrds.
D. Treat thers as yu hpe they will treat yu.
C
Recently, the labratry f Sami EI-Bustani, an assistant prfessr at the University f Geneva, has studied the rle played by mtivatin in perceptin (感知) and decisin-making. “We wanted t bserve hw sensry infrmatin sent by crtical neurns (大脑皮层神经元) is changed by the degree f mtivatin and t what extent the latter can have an effect n learning and perfrmance in a decisin-making task,” explains Sami EI-Bustani.
The research team develped a behaviral pattern invlving mice in a cntrlled water cnsumptin cnditin. Researchers first trained these mice t respnd t the stimulatin f tw whiskers (鼠须) (A and B) and t prduce an actin-licking a sput (舔壶嘴) 一nly fr whisker A in rder t btain a drp f water. Fllwing this training, these mice reacted mainly t the stimulatin f whisker A. Finally, the researchers cnducted these experiments at decreasing levels f thirst in rder t vary the mtivatin f the mice t participate in the task.
In a state f great thirst, mice licked the sput randmly with great mtivatin. In a state f medium thirst, the chice f their actin became ideal. They mainly licked the sput when whisker A was stimulated. Finally, when they were nt very thirsty, their perfrmance in the task drpped again. By bserving the activity f neurnal ppulatins respnsible fr perceptual decisin-making in these mice, researchers discvered that high-mtivatin leads t the strng stimulatin f crtical neurns, which causes a lss f accuracy in the perceptin f the stimulatin. In cntrast, in the lw-mtivatin state, the accuracy f the sensry infrmatin was recvered, but the strength f the signal was t lw fr it t be sent crrectly.
These results reveal that the level f mtivatin des nt nly impact decisin-making but als the perceptin sensry infrmatin, which leads t the decisin. Researchers bserved that mice understd the rule very quickly but culd nly express this learning much later, depending n a changed perceptin linked t their level f mtivatin. The research n the rle f mtivatin in learning pens the way t new adaptive methds that aim t maintain the best level f mtivatin during learning.
28. Why did Sami El-Bustani’s labratry cnduct the research?
A. T bserve mice’s reactins in extreme cnditins.
B. T seek ways t imprve ne’s decisin-making.
C. T study the effect f mtivatin n the brain.
D. T explre the apprach t keeping the best learning state.
29. In the experiment mice perfrmed best when ________.
A. they didn’t feel very thirsty and tired
B. they were in a medium-mtivatin state
C. they were pushed by high mtivatin
D. they received electric signals frm researchers
30. What can we learn frm the last paragraph?
A High mtivatin makes the brain prcess sensry infrmatin quickly.
B. A wise decisin cmes frm a lasting mtivatin.
C. It is difficult fr peple t maintain the best level f mtivatin.
D. The study pens up new perspectives n learning methds
D
Franz Bas’s descriptin f Inuit (因纽特人) life in the 19th century illustrates the prbable mral cde f early humans. Here, nrms (规范) were unwritten and rarely expressed clearly, but were well understd and taken t heart. Dishnest and vilent behavirs were disapprved f. Leadership, marriage and interactins with ther grups were lsely gverned by traditins. Cnflict was ften reslved in musical battles. Because arguing angrily leads t chas, it was strngly discuraged. With life in the unfrgiving Nrthem Canada being s demanding, the Inuit’s practical apprach t mrality made gd sense.
The similarity f mral virtues acrss cultures is striking, even thugh the relative ranking f the virtues may vary with a scial grup’s histry and envirnment. Typically, cruelty and cheating are discuraged, while cperatin, humbleness and curage are praised. These universal nrms far pre-date the cncept f any mralizing religin r written law. Instead, they are rted in the similarity f basic human needs and ur shared mechanisms fr learning and prblem slving. When we are scializing, ur instincts include the intense desire t belng. The apprval f thers is rewarding, while their disapprval is strngly disliked. These scial emtins prepare ur brains t shape ur behavir accrding t the nrms and values f ur family and ur cmmunity. Mre generally, scial instincts mtivate us t learn hw t behave in a scially cmplex wrld.
The mechanism invlves a repurpsed reward system riginally used t develp habits imprtant fr self- care. Our brains use the system t acquire behaviral patterns regarding safe rutes hme, efficient fd gathering and dangers t avid. Gd habits save time, energy and smetimes yur life. Gd scial habits d smething similar in a scial cntext. We learn t tell the truth, even when lying is self-serving; we help a grandparent even when it is incnvenient. We acquire what we call a sense f right and wrng.
Scial benefits are accmpanied by scial demands: we must get alng, but nt put up with t much. Hence self-discipline is advantageus. In humans, a greatly enlarged brain bsts self-cntrl, just as it bsts prblem-slving skills in the scial as well as the physical wrld. These abilities are strengthened by ur capacity fr language, which allws scial practices t develp in extremely unbvius ways.
31. What can be inferred abut the frming f the Inuit’s mral cde?
A. Unwritten rules were the target.
B. Living cnditins were the drive.
C. Hnesty was the key.
D. Scial traditin was the basis.
32. What des the underlined wrd “instincts” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. natural reactinsB. ambitius expectatins
C. unique experiencesD. indifferent attitudes
33. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. Basic human needs lead t universal nrms.
B. Incnveniences are the cause f telling lies.
C. Language capacity is limited by self-cntrl.
D. Written laws have great influence n virtues.
34. Which wuld be the best title fr this passage?
A. Virtues: Bridges Acrss CulturesB. The Rts f Mrality
C. The Values f Self-disciplineD. Brains: Walls Against Chas
第二节(共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑、选项中有两项为多余选项。
Humans start develping a sense f humur as early as six weeks ld, when babies begin t laugh and smile in respnse t stimuli (刺激物). Laughter and humur prvide psychlgical scientists with rich resurces fr studying human psychlgy.
Theries fcusing n the evlutin f laughter pint t it as an imprtant adaptatin fr scial cmmunicatin. Fr example, in 1950, a U.S. sund engineer started recrding his wn ‘laugh tracks’. These were intended t help peple at hme feel like they were in a scial situatin. He even recrded varius types f laughter. ___35___
In ne study, carried ut in 2016 at the university f Califrnia, samples f laughter frm pairs f English-speaking students were recrded and played t listeners frm 24 diverse scieties. ___36___ On average, the results were remarkably cnsistent: wrldwide, peple’s guesses were crrect apprximately 60% f the time.
Anther study by researchers f Australian Natinal University was based n the assumptin that humur might prvide a pause frm dull situatins in the wrkplace. ___37___ The researchers first asked the students t crss ut every instance f the letter ‘e’ ver tw pages f text. The students then were randmly assigned t watch a vide clip. Sme watched a clip f the BBC cmedy Mr. Bean, and thers a factual vide abut the management prfessin.
The students then cmpleted a task requiring persistence in which they were asked t guess the ptential perfrmance f emplyees based n prvided prfiles, and were tld that making 10 crrect assessments in a rw wuld lead t a win. ___38___ Students wh had watched the Mr. Bean vide ended up spending significantly mre time wrking n the task, making twice as many predictins as the ther grup.
___39___ Again, participants wh watched the humrus vide spent significantly mre time wrking n this bring task and cmpleted mre questins crrectly than students frm the ther grup.
Traditinally individuals are advised t avid things such as humur that may distract them frm the accmplishment f task gals. Hwever, humur actually helps relieve stress and facilitate scial relatinships. It is nt nly enjyable but mre imprtantly, energizing.
A. Participants were asked whether the pairs were friends r strangers.
B. This ‘mental break’ might facilitate the additin f mental resurces.
C. The researchers then had participants cmplete lng multiplicatin questins by hand.
D. A team made up f 30 psychlgical scientists played these recrdings t different peple.
E. Hwever, the sftware was prgrammed that it was impssible t achieve 10 crrect answers.
F. Researchers have als fund different types f laughter serve as cdes t cmplex human bnds.
G. He fund ut a simple ‘haha’ cmmunicates a remarkable amunt f scially relevant infrmatin.
第三部分书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
When I began the Orange Street News in Nvember f 2014, I had nly ne subscriber, my grandma. She paid $1 and a piece f gum fr a year subscriptin. Seven-year-ld me thught I had hit it big time (t suddenly becme very famus, successful, and rich)! My secnd subscriber was my neighbr Sue. I’m pretty sure she was just being nice. Thse first few mnths were pretty slw. I remember kncking n drs up and dwn Orange Street in the freezing cld handing ut the free papers I had made frm my hme cmputer. I gt a lt f “h isn’t she cute” lks but nt a lt f subscribers. But lking back I understand peple weren’t exactly dying t read stries like my baby sister being brn and my neighbr talking abut hw drm rms smell bad!
But since then, a lt has changed. I gt lder and began reprting n mre serius stries. Befre I knew it, I even started getting surces. And I nticed smething else. The harder I wrked, the mre subscribers 1 gt. Then peple wh weren’t related t me began subscribing.
Everything changed ne day in April f 2016. That was the day when the Orange Street News was the first t reprt that a murder happened in my cmmunity. Peple arund the cuntry were really shcked that I gt that stry. But still, a lt f peple gt upset that smene s yung was reprting n smething s serius. But they were just lking at my age, nt my reprting. I reprted the facts t the peple. The right facts. That’s the jb f a reprter and I tk it seriusly. But I never wanted t be knwn just as the “little girl” wh brke the stry f the murder. I just wanted t be knwn as a REPORTER, a gd reprter wh peple car trust t get them the news. S I kept wrking.
Since breaking the stry f the murder, I’ve published hundreds f stries and brken cuntless exclusive that n ne else has been cvering. I made sure t keep reprting straight news. I never put my pinin news stry. And as my reprting grew, s did my readers. And s many ther great things happened t. I gt a bk deal with Schlastic. Peple are even making a televisin shw based n my life.
When earlier tday the Orange Street News hit the ne millin hits mark, I felt shcked. This is smething I never expected. That number is hard t cmprehend. I usually dn’t care abut that kind f thing, but this time I tk a secnd t think abut it. I culdn’t help but think back t that first subscriptin, the ne I sld t my grandma. She was my first supprter. I can’t even imagine what she wuld say if she was still arund t see all f this! But she was my grandma and I was her granddaughter and she just wanted t make me happy. But since then, s many mre peple wh I’ve never met and wh dn’t knw me began t supprt me. First in Selinsgrve. Then peple frm all acrss the cuntry. A millin f yu. It is all f yu wh make the Orange Street News pssible. It is humbling and flattering.
Thank yu.
40. Why didn’t peple like t read the authr’s stries at the beginning?
_________________________________________________
41. Hw did the authr feel when peple were upset abut her reprt n a murder?
_________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
The authr wrte this passage t share her success stry and inspire readers t pursue their dreams.
_________________________________________________
43. Amng the authr’s qualities which ne d yu think will be imprtant fr yu? Why? (In abut 40 wrds)
_________________________________________________
第二节:书面表达(20分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的外国笔友Jim听说你校近期举办了运动会，特发来邮件询问你相关情况。请你用英语给他回信，内容包括：
1.简要介绍运动会
2.讲述运动会上感动你的瞬间。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节(共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
One Mnday mrning I came int the classrm and caught Je ____1____ a picture n his math bk. This was ne day after I had given the class a lecture n taking care f schl prperty. Nrmally I wuld have gt angry and ____2____ him t the ffice. Instead, I walked ver t his desk and std there. Je clsed the bk immediately, trying t hide his drawing. I said, “Let me ____3____ what I said yesterday: these textbks are ging t be used fr the next five years, and I ____4____ yu t take gd care f them.” “Srry,” Je murmured. “I frgt.” “I see.” I said.
When I returned t Je’s desk again, he was erasing the drawing with his tiny, wrn-ut eraser. I ____5____ him mine and a drawing pad, and then said, “Here, this might make the jb ____6____. And yu can als use the pad whenever yu have the ____7____ t draw.” Je lked ____8____ and said, “Thanks.” I ndded and started my lessn.
Je hasn’t drawn in his textbk since. He keeps the pad in his pcket and shws me his drawing frm time t time. I’m glad I didn’t ask him t g t the ffice that day. It might have stpped him frm marking n his bks, but we wuld never have the ____9____ we have tday. And wh knws, I may have _____10_____ a prmising Picass.
1. A. drawingB. cpyingC. bservingD. examining
2. A. welcmedB. sentC. beggedD. fllwed
3. A. checkB. prveC. updateD. repeat
4. A. frceB. allwC. expectD. prmise
5. A. rewardedB. handedC. shwedD. mailed
6. A. slwerB. earlierC. saferD. easier
7. A. urgeB. energyC. ambitinD. talent
8. A. surprisedB. calmC. awkwardD. anxius
9. A. achievementB. appintmentC. relatinshipD. cnflict
10. A. attractedB. encuragedC. ignredD. cheated
第二节(共15分)
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Dim sum is ne f the mst ppular Chinese dishes. It ____11____ (riginate) in Guangzhu city mre than a thusand years ag. Peple f Guangdng are fnd f drinking in the mrning r lunch. S, they ften eat dim sum during their tea parties fr breakfast and lunch. A Cantnese chef’s gal is ____12____ (preserve) the fd’s riginal flavr. Unlike ther Chinese styles f cking such as Sichuan style, ______13______ Cantnese chef aims t d is t bring ut r highlight the riginal flavr f the vegetable, meat, r fruit.
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Yu have prbably dreamed abut hw yu wuld change the wrld, nly t find that it seems impssible. Hwever, yu may have the pwer t make the wrld better with baby steps. That’s the idea behind the BA Challenge, _____14_____ is a public service campaign c-initiated by Alibaba and Sina Weib. It asks peple t d smething psitive and then recrd the changes befre and after. Since its first _____15_____ (appear) n Sin Weib n Sept. 2nd, the BA Challenge has attracted millins f viewers and participants. _____16_____these little things may be easily ignred in ur daily lives, they are well received by many viewers.
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Initially ____17____ (cnstruct) arund 256 BCE, Dujiangyan is a remarkable example f ancient engineering skill and is still in use tday. During the Qin dynasty, Li Bing, a gvernr and irrigatin engineer, investigated the prblem thrughly. Owing t his effrts, Sichuan became a regin much _____18_____ (prductive) than ther parts in China. One famus cnstructin, tgether with tw ther imprtant parts, Feishanyan and Bapingku, _____19_____ (design) t cntrl the water flw. Recgnized _____20_____UNESCO heritage site, Dujiangyan has irrigated farms while preventing flds fr mre than 2000 years.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
What are sme f yur favurite memries f the University?
In preparatin fr each 50th reunin, members f the milestne class are asked t recall campus memries fr an annual Memry Bk.
Here's a small selectin f sme memries frm the Class f 1969.
Phyllis J Baunach
“ cannt frget the endless hurs studying, researching, and learning in the middle f the musty bks in the stacks. We did everything by hand! But the jys f ideas cming t life and understanding thrny cncepts are priceless.
Additinally, I cannt frget the jyful hurs f C-Kast rehearsals fr student-written-and- directed plays, and the thrill f audiences’ respnses t ur effrts. Nr will I ever frget taking vice lessns at the Eastman Schl f Music. This curse gave me cnfidence t try new musical appraches and t think n my feet.”
Paul Behm
“... many sweet and lasting memries—five feet f deep snw, getting stranded n the Thruway, music at Hylie Mrris's Alley, and, f curse, I met my wife f 48 years, Ellen Blazer Behm frm the Class f 1972, when she was a freshman and I was a senir. As a five-year chemical engineering majr, I had ne elective t spare, and Ellen said, “Hw abut ceangraphy?” S, I enrlled in ceangraphy with Dr. Tar Takahashi（the famus climate scientist）, which awakened my envirnmental justices, and changed my prfessinal directin.”
Farel Vella McClure
“ truly lved my fur undergraduate years at the University f Rchester. In fact, I lved it s much that I stayed an extra year t get a master's degree! I was very frtunate t have been ttally immersed in student life n campus. My memries include campaigning and winning a seat n the student gvernment during my freshman year. Other memries include the Susan B. Anthny banquet, and sleeping in the cmfy chairs in the library. I was als privileged t be selected as a student representative n the design team fr the new Wilsn Cmmns. I. M. Pei, the famus architect wh designed the Luvre Pyramid, was the architect fr Wilsn Cmmns. We even visited his ffices in New Yrk t see the “master” at wrk.”
21. Accrding t the passage, Paul Behm ______.
A. married Ellen Blazer in 1972
B. disliked his majr in university
C. became a famus climate scientist later
D. discvered his interest in envirnmental science
22. What can we learn abut Farel Vella McClure?
A. She was a wrld-famus designer.
B. She was active in schl activities.
C. She had a hard time getting her master's.
D. She nce met I. M. Pei at the Luvre Pyramid.
23. The three peple all talked abut ______.
A. their belved prfessrsB. their great friendship
C. their learning experiencesD. their beautiful campus
B
The spt f red was what first caught Randy Heiss’s attentin n December 16, 2018. He walked tward it and fund a balln attached t a piece f paper. “Dayami,” it read n ne side, in a child’s writing. Heiss flipped the paper ver. It was a numbered list in Spanish. His Spanish isn’t very gd, but he culd see it was a Christmas list.
He was charmed and wndered whether he culd find the child. Abut 20 miles t the suthwest, just acrss the brder, was the city f Ngales, Mexic. Based n the prevailing wind, he was pretty sure that’s where it came frm.
Back hme, Heiss’s wife wh is fluent in Spanish translated the list. Dayami, prbably a girl, had asked fr a dll, a dllhuse, clthes and art supplies.
Heiss then psted abut his quest n Facebk, attaching phts, hping smene might knw the girl’s family.
A few days passed with n leads; Heiss wrried that time was running ut befre Christmas. On December 19, he decided t send a private Facebk message t Radi XENY based in Ngales. The next mrning, Heiss awke t a message: The staff had lcated Dayami, wh indeed lived in Ngales and wuld be willing t arrange a get-tgether at the radi statin.
Heiss and his wife rushed t buy everything n Dayami’s list. Then they drve fr 45 minutes, crssing the brder int Ngales. They finally met the very excited girl. “Her eyes were wide pen with wnder. Like, ‘Oh my gsh, this really did wrk!’ It was a beautiful experience,” Heiss said. “Quite healing fr us.”
Heiss, 61, has lived in Bisbee, Arizna fr mre than three decades. Ten years ag, he and his wife lst their nly child. They have n grandchildren. Nw they split their time between Ngales and Bisbee.
“Being arund children at Christmastime has been absent in ur lives,” Heiss said. “It’s been kind f a gaping hle in ur Christmas experience.” He has since reflected n what a miracle it was that he sptted the balln at all, let alne that he was able t lcate Dayami and her family.
24. On December 16, Heiss ________.
A. planned t g t Ngales
B. fund a wish list by accident
C. sptted a card attached t a balln
D. read a stry abut Dayami n Facebk
25. What did Heiss d t find Dayami?
A. He asked his wife fr advice.
B He psted Dayami’s pht nline.
C. He drve t Ngales t find clues.
D. He turned t Radi XENY fr help.
26. What d we learn abut Heiss?
A. He has lived alne fr many years.
B. He is nt gd at learning languages.
C. He has built a clse bnd with Dayami.
D. He buys Dayami gifts every Christmas.
27 What des the stry intend t tell us?
A. Giving is rewarding.
B. All fr ne, ne fr all.
C. Actins speak luder than wrds.
D. Treat thers as yu hpe they will treat yu.
C
Recently, the labratry f Sami EI-Bustani, an assistant prfessr at the University f Geneva, has studied the rle played by mtivatin in perceptin (感知) and decisin-making. “We wanted t bserve hw sensry infrmatin sent by crtical neurns (大脑皮层神经元) is changed by the degree f mtivatin and t what extent the latter can have an effect n learning and perfrmance in a decisin-making task,” explains Sami EI-Bustani.
The research team develped a behaviral pattern invlving mice in a cntrlled water cnsumptin cnditin. Researchers first trained these mice t respnd t the stimulatin f tw whiskers (鼠须) (A and B) and t prduce an actin-licking a sput (舔壶嘴) 一nly fr whisker A in rder t btain a drp f water. Fllwing this training, these mice reacted mainly t the stimulatin f whisker A. Finally, the researchers cnducted these experiments at decreasing levels f thirst in rder t vary the mtivatin f the mice t participate in the task.
In a state f great thirst, mice licked the sput randmly with great mtivatin. In a state f medium thirst, the chice f their actin became ideal. They mainly licked the sput when whisker A was stimulated. Finally, when they were nt very thirsty, their perfrmance in the task drpped again. By bserving the activity f neurnal ppulatins respnsible fr perceptual decisin-making in these mice, researchers discvered that high-mtivatin leads t the strng stimulatin f crtical neurns, which causes a lss f accuracy in the perceptin f the stimulatin. In cntrast, in the lw-mtivatin state, the accuracy f the sensry infrmatin was recvered, but the strength f the signal was t lw fr it t be sent crrectly.
These results reveal that the level f mtivatin des nt nly impact decisin-making but als the perceptin sensry infrmatin, which leads t the decisin. Researchers bserved that mice understd the rule very quickly but culd nly express this learning much later, depending n a changed perceptin linked t their level f mtivatin. The research n the rle f mtivatin in learning pens the way t new adaptive methds that aim t maintain the best level f mtivatin during learning.
28. Why did Sami El-Bustani’s labratry cnduct the research?
A. T bserve mice’s reactins in extreme cnditins.
B. T seek ways t imprve ne’s decisin-making.
C. T study the effect f mtivatin n the brain.
D. T explre the apprach t keeping the best learning state.
29. In the experiment mice perfrmed best when ________.
A. they didn’t feel very thirsty and tired
B. they were in a medium-mtivatin state
C. they were pushed by high mtivatin
D. they received electric signals frm researchers
30. What can we learn frm the last paragraph?
A High mtivatin makes the brain prcess sensry infrmatin quickly.
B. A wise decisin cmes frm a lasting mtivatin.
C. It is difficult fr peple t maintain the best level f mtivatin.
D. The study pens up new perspectives n learning methds
D
Franz Bas’s descriptin f Inuit (因纽特人) life in the 19th century illustrates the prbable mral cde f early humans. Here, nrms (规范) were unwritten and rarely expressed clearly, but were well understd and taken t heart. Dishnest and vilent behavirs were disapprved f. Leadership, marriage and interactins with ther grups were lsely gverned by traditins. Cnflict was ften reslved in musical battles. Because arguing angrily leads t chas, it was strngly discuraged. With life in the unfrgiving Nrthem Canada being s demanding, the Inuit’s practical apprach t mrality made gd sense.
The similarity f mral virtues acrss cultures is striking, even thugh the relative ranking f the virtues may vary with a scial grup’s histry and envirnment. Typically, cruelty and cheating are discuraged, while cperatin, humbleness and curage are praised. These universal nrms far pre-date the cncept f any mralizing religin r written law. Instead, they are rted in the similarity f basic human needs and ur shared mechanisms fr learning and prblem slving. When we are scializing, ur instincts include the intense desire t belng. The apprval f thers is rewarding, while their disapprval is strngly disliked. These scial emtins prepare ur brains t shape ur behavir accrding t the nrms and values f ur family and ur cmmunity. Mre generally, scial instincts mtivate us t learn hw t behave in a scially cmplex wrld.
The mechanism invlves a repurpsed reward system riginally used t develp habits imprtant fr self- care. Our brains use the system t acquire behaviral patterns regarding safe rutes hme, efficient fd gathering and dangers t avid. Gd habits save time, energy and smetimes yur life. Gd scial habits d smething similar in a scial cntext. We learn t tell the truth, even when lying is self-serving; we help a grandparent even when it is incnvenient. We acquire what we call a sense f right and wrng.
Scial benefits are accmpanied by scial demands: we must get alng, but nt put up with t much. Hence self-discipline is advantageus. In humans, a greatly enlarged brain bsts self-cntrl, just as it bsts prblem-slving skills in the scial as well as the physical wrld. These abilities are strengthened by ur capacity fr language, which allws scial practices t develp in extremely unbvius ways.
31. What can be inferred abut the frming f the Inuit’s mral cde?
A. Unwritten rules were the target.
B. Living cnditins were the drive.
C. Hnesty was the key.
D. Scial traditin was the basis.
32. What des the underlined wrd “instincts” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. natural reactinsB. ambitius expectatins
C. unique experiencesD. indifferent attitudes
33. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. Basic human needs lead t universal nrms.
B. Incnveniences are the cause f telling lies.
C. Language capacity is limited by self-cntrl.
D. Written laws have great influence n virtues.
34. Which wuld be the best title fr this passage?
A. Virtues: Bridges Acrss CulturesB. The Rts f Mrality
C. The Values f Self-disciplineD. Brains: Walls Against Chas
第二节(共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑、选项中有两项为多余选项。
Humans start develping a sense f humur as early as six weeks ld, when babies begin t laugh and smile in respnse t stimuli (刺激物). Laughter and humur prvide psychlgical scientists with rich resurces fr studying human psychlgy.
Theries fcusing n the evlutin f laughter pint t it as an imprtant adaptatin fr scial cmmunicatin. Fr example, in 1950, a U.S. sund engineer started recrding his wn ‘laugh tracks’. These were intended t help peple at hme feel like they were in a scial situatin. He even recrded varius types f laughter. ___35___
In ne study, carried ut in 2016 at the university f Califrnia, samples f laughter frm pairs f English-speaking students were recrded and played t listeners frm 24 diverse scieties. ___36___ On average, the results were remarkably cnsistent: wrldwide, peple’s guesses were crrect apprximately 60% f the time.
Anther study by researchers f Australian Natinal University was based n the assumptin that humur might prvide a pause frm dull situatins in the wrkplace. ___37___ The researchers first asked the students t crss ut every instance f the letter ‘e’ ver tw pages f text. The students then were randmly assigned t watch a vide clip. Sme watched a clip f the BBC cmedy Mr. Bean, and thers a factual vide abut the management prfessin.
The students then cmpleted a task requiring persistence in which they were asked t guess the ptential perfrmance f emplyees based n prvided prfiles, and were tld that making 10 crrect assessments in a rw wuld lead t a win. ___38___ Students wh had watched the Mr. Bean vide ended up spending significantly mre time wrking n the task, making twice as many predictins as the ther grup.
___39___ Again, participants wh watched the humrus vide spent significantly mre time wrking n this bring task and cmpleted mre questins crrectly than students frm the ther grup.
Traditinally individuals are advised t avid things such as humur that may distract them frm the accmplishment f task gals. Hwever, humur actually helps relieve stress and facilitate scial relatinships. It is nt nly enjyable but mre imprtantly, energizing.
A. Participants were asked whether the pairs were friends r strangers.
B. This ‘mental break’ might facilitate the additin f mental resurces.
C. The researchers then had participants cmplete lng multiplicatin questins by hand.
D. A team made up f 30 psychlgical scientists played these recrdings t different peple.
E. Hwever, the sftware was prgrammed that it was impssible t achieve 10 crrect answers.
F. Researchers have als fund different types f laughter serve as cdes t cmplex human bnds.
G. He fund ut a simple ‘haha’ cmmunicates a remarkable amunt f scially relevant infrmatin.
第三部分书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
When I began the Orange Street News in Nvember f 2014, I had nly ne subscriber, my grandma. She paid $1 and a piece f gum fr a year subscriptin. Seven-year-ld me thught I had hit it big time (t suddenly becme very famus, successful, and rich)! My secnd subscriber was my neighbr Sue. I’m pretty sure she was just being nice. Thse first few mnths were pretty slw. I remember kncking n drs up and dwn Orange Street in the freezing cld handing ut the free papers I had made frm my hme cmputer. I gt a lt f “h isn’t she cute” lks but nt a lt f subscribers. But lking back I understand peple weren’t exactly dying t read stries like my baby sister being brn and my neighbr talking abut hw drm rms smell bad!
But since then, a lt has changed. I gt lder and began reprting n mre serius stries. Befre I knew it, I even started getting surces. And I nticed smething else. The harder I wrked, the mre subscribers 1 gt. Then peple wh weren’t related t me began subscribing.
Everything changed ne day in April f 2016. That was the day when the Orange Street News was the first t reprt that a murder happened in my cmmunity. Peple arund the cuntry were really shcked that I gt that stry. But still, a lt f peple gt upset that smene s yung was reprting n smething s serius. But they were just lking at my age, nt my reprting. I reprted the facts t the peple. The right facts. That’s the jb f a reprter and I tk it seriusly. But I never wanted t be knwn just as the “little girl” wh brke the stry f the murder. I just wanted t be knwn as a REPORTER, a gd reprter wh peple car trust t get them the news. S I kept wrking.
Since breaking the stry f the murder, I’ve published hundreds f stries and brken cuntless exclusive that n ne else has been cvering. I made sure t keep reprting straight news. I never put my pinin news stry. And as my reprting grew, s did my readers. And s many ther great things happened t. I gt a bk deal with Schlastic. Peple are even making a televisin shw based n my life.
When earlier tday the Orange Street News hit the ne millin hits mark, I felt shcked. This is smething I never expected. That number is hard t cmprehend. I usually dn’t care abut that kind f thing, but this time I tk a secnd t think abut it. I culdn’t help but think back t that first subscriptin, the ne I sld t my grandma. She was my first supprter. I can’t even imagine what she wuld say if she was still arund t see all f this! But she was my grandma and I was her granddaughter and she just wanted t make me happy. But since then, s many mre peple wh I’ve never met and wh dn’t knw me began t supprt me. First in Selinsgrve. Then peple frm all acrss the cuntry. A millin f yu. It is all f yu wh make the Orange Street News pssible. It is humbling and flattering.
Thank yu.
40. Why didn’t peple like t read the authr’s stries at the beginning?
_________________________________________________
41. Hw did the authr feel when peple were upset abut her reprt n a murder?
_________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
The authr wrte this passage t share her success stry and inspire readers t pursue their dreams.
_________________________________________________
43. Amng the authr’s qualities which ne d yu think will be imprtant fr yu? Why? (In abut 40 wrds)
_________________________________________________
第二节:书面表达(20分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的外国笔友Jim听说你校近期举办了运动会，特发来邮件询问你相关情况。请你用英语给他回信，内容包括：
1.简要介绍运动会
2.讲述运动会上感动你的瞬间。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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