高中英语上教版 (2020)必修 第二册1 No limits精品一课一练

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17. ________ is generally accepted, ecnmic grwth is determined by the stable plitical situatin and the smth develpment f prductin.
A. lt B. That C. What D. As
18. The reasn _________I am writing t yu is t remind yu t attend the meeting t be held this Saturday afternn.
A. which B. fr that C. fr which D. fr why
19. Sam was determined t enter fr the cllege specially fr the ld, _______it meant he had t attend classes fr three nights a week.
A. as if B. even if C. prvided D. where
20. __________, the mad cw disease caused the farm heavy lsses.
A. It ccurred that B. It ccurred t where C. That it ccurred D. Where it ccurred
21. __________, wrng he des t me, I have faith in ur friendship.
A. Hwever B. Whatever C Althugh D. In spite f
22. All f them agreed t accept __________ they thught was the best at playing ftball.
A. whatever B. whichever C. whmever D. whever
23.I think I have made clear ___________ the imprtance f this meeting.
A. it B. that C. 不填 D. what
24. Railway is t transprtatin ___________ bld is t a man's bdy.
A. what B. that C. hw D. where.
25. They kept researching ___________ the effect ___________ pllutin___________ life expectancy.
A. int; n; f B. n; f; int C. n; int; f D. int; f; n
26. Weekly film and cncert schedules, which __________, ___________n Wednesday utside f the student club.
A. are arranged; will pst B. are arranged; will be psted
C. are being arranged; will be psted D. are arranging; will have been psted
27. The children ___________ rund a big desk, and sn they __________ in reading.
A. seated; absrbed B. were seated; were absrbed
C. seated themselves; absrbed. D. seated; were absrbed
28. Thugh there was a ____________ hpe, the rescue team will keep n trying.
A. faint B. weak C. light D. slight
29. “Green agriculture” means ___________ farming that grws plants in sils.
A. chemical B. ecnmical C. natural D. traditinal
30. The schl has gained imprved exam result by ____________ parents mre in their children’s educatin.
A. cntaining B. including C. invlving D. mixing
31. Dctrs advise that sft drinks shuld als be drunk in _____________ fr the sake f health.
A. adequacy B. mderatin C. amunt D. subtlety
32. Recent pressure at wrk may _____________ his unusual behavir.
A. accunt fr B. make the best use f C. be aware f D. be ahead f
建议10min
Extreme sprts
Amazing, inspiring feats f daring and determinatin that will bring yu everywhere frm the high skies t the deep sea. Let’s talk abut E-sprts.
Discussin:
1. What kind f E-sprts d yu knw?
2. D yu want t try? Which ne d yu prefer?
3. What’s peple’s md in adventure?
知识点一、重点单词和词组梳理
【知识梳理】
词汇
1. blame /bleɪm/
1）vt. 指责; 把…归咎于
The cmmissin is expected t blame the army fr many f the atrcities.
该委员会预计会将大量暴行归咎于军队。
2）n. 责备
Nthing culd relieve my terrible sense f blame.
没什么能把我从极度自责中解脱出来。
3) n. (事故、过失等的) 责任
I'm nt ging t sit arund and take the blame fr a mistake he made.
我不会闲坐着，为他犯的错误承担责任。
4). vt. 责怪
I d nt blame them fr trying t make sme mney.
我不怪他们想要挣些钱。
【固定搭配】
blame sb fr sth. 因…而责备某人
sb. be t blame fr sth. 某人对…负责
2. pressure /ˈprɛʃə/
1).n 压力
She kicked at the dr with her ft, and the pressure was enugh t pen it.
她用脚踢门，其产生的压力足以把门打开。
The pressure f his fingers had relaxed.
他手指的压力已经减弱了。
2)vt对…施加压力
He will never pressure yu t get married.
他永远也不会给你施加压力让你结婚。
3. impress /ɪmˈprɛs/
1). vt 使留下印象
It didn't impress me as a gd place t live.
那地方没有给我留下适合居住的印象。
2) vt. 使钦佩
What impressed him mst was their speed.
最令他钦佩的是他们的速度。
4. slutin /səˈluːʃən/ n. 解决办法; 谜底
Althugh he has sught t find a peaceful slutin, he is facing pressure t use greater military frce.
虽然他已设法寻找一个和平的解决办法，但他正面临着使用更大军事力量的压力。
We invited readers wh cmpleted the puzzle t send in their slutins.
我们邀请解完谜的读者交出谜底。
5. independent /ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənt/ adj. 无关联的; 相互独立的
Yur questins shuld be independent f each ther.
你们的问题应该是相互间毫无关联的。
【固定搭配】
be independent f sth.
【反义词】
be dependent n sth. （注意形容词后面的介词搭配）

6. adapt /əˈdæpt/
1）.vt 使适应
The wrld will be different, and we will have t be prepared t adapt t the change.
这个世界将会不同，所以我们必须准备好适应变化。
2）.vt 改装
Shelves were built t adapt the library fr use as an ffice.
做了个书架，以便将这个图书馆改作一个办公室用
7. reveal /rɪˈviːl/ v.揭示；显示；透露
1) vt. 透露; 显示
She has refused t reveal the whereabuts f her daughter.
她已拒绝透露她女儿的行踪。
A survey f the American diet has revealed that a grwing number f peple are verweight.
一项有关美国人日常饮食的调查表明越来越多的人超重。
2). vt 使显露; 揭露
In the principal rm, a grey carpet was remved t reveal the riginal pine flr.
在主房间里，一块灰色的地毯被挪开了，使原有的松木地板露了出来。
8. respnsible /rɪˈspɒnsəbəl/
1). adj. 负有责任的
He still felt respnsible fr her death.
他依然觉得对她的死负有责任。
2) adj. 向…汇报的 (通常和“t”进行搭配)
I'm respnsible t my bard f directrs.
我向我的董事会汇报。
9. reliable /rɪˈlaɪəbəl/ adj 可靠的
She was efficient and reliable.
她既能干又可靠。
10. extent /ɪkˈstɛnt/
1). n 程度
The gvernment itself has little infrmatin n the extent f industrial pllutin.
政府本身对工业污染的程度知之甚少。
2). n. 长度; 广度; 范围
Industry representatives made it clear that their cmmitment was nly t maintain the extent f frests, nt their bidiversity.
业界代表们申明他们只承诺维持森林的规模而不是其生物多样性。
【固定搭配】
t a large extent 在很大程度上
t sme extent 在某种程度上
11. cnduct v.组织；安排；实施
动词读作kənˈdʌkt。名词读作ˈkɒndʌkt。
1). vt. 组织并实施
I decided t cnduct an experiment.
我决定做一项实验。
2). vt. 指挥 (交响乐、合唱等)
Dennis had recently begun a successful career cnducting pera.
丹尼斯最近成功地开始了指挥歌剧的生涯。
Slti cntinued t cnduct here and abrad.
佐尔蒂继续在国内外指挥。
3). vt 传导 (热、电)
Water cnducts heat faster than air.
水比空气导热快。
4）vt. 进行实施
Als up fr discussin will be the cnduct f free and fair electins.
还需讨论的是公平自由的选举如何进行。
5）n. 进行实施
Als up fr discussin will be the cnduct f free and fair electins.
还需讨论的是公平自由的选举如何进行。
6). n. (某人在某情形中的) 行为方式
Fr Eurpeans, the law is a statement f basic principles f civilized cnduct.
对欧洲人来说，该法律是对基本文明行为原则的表述。
12. quit v.停止；戒掉
quit /kwɪt/
1) vt 辞去 (工作); 辞职
He quit his jb as an ffice by.
他辞去了办公室勤杂员的工作。
2). vt. 停止
A nictine spray can help smkers quit the habit.
一种尼古丁喷剂可以帮助吸烟者戒烟。
Quit acting like yu didn't knw.
别装得像你不知道似的。
Quit it! That hurts!
戒掉它吧！这东西害人！
3).vt 彻底离开
Science fictin writers have lng dreamed that humans might ne day quit the earth t clnize ther planets.
科幻小说作家们长期以来一直梦想着人类有一天可以离开地球移居到其它星球上。
13. charity /ˈtʃærɪtɪ/ n.慈善；赈济
1) n. 慈善机构
an AIDS charity. 一个艾滋病慈善机构。
2) n. 慈善
He made substantial dnatins t charity.
他做了大量的慈善捐赠。
Gch will be raising mney fr charity.
古奇将为慈善筹集款项。
3) n. 救济金; 救济物
Her husband is unemplyed and the family depends n charity.
她的丈夫失业了，全家靠救济度日。
14. accunt /əˈkaʊnt/
1) n. 账户
Sme banks make it difficult t pen an accunt.
有些银行使开一个账户困难重重。
2). n 客户
All three Internet agencies bast they've wn majr accunts.
所有的三家网络代理公司都夸口说他们已赢得了大客户。
3). n. 账目
He kept detailed accunts.
他保存了详细的账目。
15. preserve /prɪˈzɜːv/
1). vt 维护
We will d everything t preserve peace.
我们将竭尽全力维护和平。
preservatin n. 维护
2). vt. 保护
We need t preserve the frest.
我们需要保护森林。
16. ambitius /æmˈbɪʃəs/
1). adj 雄心勃勃的
Chris is s ambitius, s determined t d it all.
克里斯是如此雄心勃勃，如此坚决地要把它做完。
2). adj 宏大的
The ambitius prject was cmpleted in nly nine mnths.
这个宏大的项目在仅仅9个月之内就完成了。
17. attempt /əˈtɛmpt/
1)vt .试图 (尤指做困难的事)
The nly time that we attempted t d smething like that was in the city f Philadelphia.
我们惟一一次试图做那样的事是在费城。
2). n 企图
a deliberate attempt t destabilize the defence.
蓄意削弱防御的企图。
【固定搭配】
attempt t d sth. 试图去做某事。
18. cntain /kənˈteɪn/
1）. vt 有…在里面
The envelpe cntained a Christmas card.
该信封里装有一张圣诞贺卡。
The first tw flrs f the building cntain retail space and a restaurant.
该大楼最底下两层有零售空间和一家餐馆。
2). vt 含有
Watermeln cntains vitamins and als ptassium.
西瓜含有维生素也有钾。
3). vt 控制; 阻止
Mre than a hundred firemen are still trying t cntain the fire at the plant.
一百多名消防队员仍在努力控制工厂火势。
短语
1. be likely t 可能做；可能成为
The tensin between the tw cuntries is likely t remain.
两国之间的紧张局面可能持续。
2. due t 由于；因为
The cast rad is clsed due t bad weather.
由于天气恶劣，滨海公路暂时封闭。
3. scial media 社交媒体
Scial media has becme a platfrm fr advertisements.
社交媒体已经成为做广告的一个平台。
4. ice sheet 冰原；冰盖
The satellite USES radar t measure its altitude abve the ice sheet.
卫星用雷达测定卫星从冰层顶部算起的高度。
5. apart frm 除……之外（都）
I like all sprts apart frm ftball.
除足球外我喜欢所有的运动。
【例题精讲】
用所给词的适当形式填空。
Yu ______ (read) the nvel fr almst five hurs. Why nt jin us and have a cup f tea?
The bridge is still under cnstructin and ______ (expect) t cmplete in Octber.
They were ahead during the first half f the match, but ______ (beat) in the last five minutes.
The mvie was nt gd enugh, but I ______ (see) many wrse nes.
Rain frests ______ (cut) at such a speed that they will disappear frm this planet in the freseeable future.
Srry, Jim. I ______ (plan) t g t yur birthday party, but my sister was sick.
Oh, what a pretty gift I ______ (nt expect) yu wuld bring me a gift.
By the time he left the cllege, he ______ (make) dzens f inventins.
When I met Mr. Smith five years ag, he ______ (wrk) as an interpreter in an imprt and exprt cmpany.
At this time next week, we ______ (fly) acrss the Pacific t anther cntinent.
【巩固练习】
Directins: After reading the passages belw, fill in the blanks t make the passages cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
NOW he has a new cmputer, Mike is wndering what will happen t the ld ne. Well, after (1) _______(break) dwn int small pieces, it was sent t china by ship.
Things like this happen every day. Last mnth Hng Kng fficers fund 131,000 kilgrams f brken cmputers, TVs and phnes. They (2) _______(send) t china illegally. This batch f e-waste was sent back t Japan, but smetimes e-waste gets thrugh.
Cmputers (3) _______(fill) with dangerus pisns like mercury (水银) and lead (铅). Every time an ld cmputer breaks dwn, it needs (4)_______ (deal) with safely. Usually cmputer parts are buried. E-waste is a prblem. Cuntries like Japan and the US ften send their e-waste t China. Fr years, Guiyu in Guangdng Prvince (5) __________ (describe) as “the e-waste capital f the wrld”.
The city has t deal with 1.5 millin kilgrams f e-waste each year. This earns $75 millin, (6) __________ it cmes at a cst. Many f the pisns in e-waste find their way (7) __________ the envirnment. Plastic is burned utdrs and acids are pured int rivers.
Greenpeace, an envirnmental grup, has said that it has fund the earth and rivers f Guiyu badly (8) _________ (pllute). Frtunately, laws abut waste recycling (9) __________(make) t slve the prblem, after all, the gvernment wants the cuntry t develp, but in a way (10) __________ desn’t damage the envirnment and peple’s lives.
知识点二、省略 ( Ellipsis)
【知识梳理】
为了使语言简洁、避免重复、突出新信息并使上下文紧密连接，人们常把某些词省略掉，这在英语中是普遍的。
并且结构中的省略
省略主语
例如：
She went t the clinic and (she) saw a dctr.
He can speak, but can’t write, Russian.
(He can speak Russian, but can’t write it.)
A high psitin was ffered t him, but (it) was declined.
T sme life is pleasure, and t thers (life is) suffering.
(二)省略整个谓语或谓语的主要部分
例如：
Either Sally must be respnsible fr the matter r we’ll be (respnsible fr the matter).
Dr Wastn will meet sme visitrs this mrning and Peter (will meet sme visitrs) this afternn.
Bill, and perhaps Phil, will d it, t. (Bill will d it, and perhaps Phi will d it, t.)
Albert needn’t say, but Gerge must (stay).
Smith will (teach mdern essay), and Brwn might, teach mdern essay.
Smith will teach mdern essay, and Brwn might (teach mdern essay), t.
The text will have been carefully cllated and the mistkaes (will have been) crrected by the end f the mnth.
(三)省略宾语及宾语连同前面的及物动词一起省略
例如：
Edisn invented (the light bulb), the manufactures prduced (the light bulb), and the inhabitants used, the light bulb.
Laura is (teaching music), her mther has been (teaching music), and her sister might als be, teaching music.
(四)省略表语
例如：
They’re mre afraid f yu than yu are f them.
Nigel is (an fficer in the navy), and his sn will als be, an ffice in the navy.
Gerge was (interested in the perfrmance), but Jim pretended t be, interested in the perfrmance.
(五)省略状语
例如：
Mr Oliver teaches (in Cambridge), and his sn studies, in Cambridge.
The father speaks but the sn nly dresses like an Englishman.
= The father speaks, but the sn nly dresses, like an English.
(六)省略冠词
例如：
Bth the ld and (the) yung tk part in the singing cmpetitin.
Is the baby a by r (a) girl?
(七)省略介词
例如：
Yu may g by land r (by) water.
It is a matter f life and (f) death.
(八)省略名词
例如：
It desn’t matter whether he is fr (the plan) r against the plan.
It is the listener’s (will) rather than the speaker’s will that is questined.
注意：指示代词this, that, these, thse为限定词时，并且名词的省略。
this (bk) and that bk
this time and that (time)
these (chairs) and thse chairs
these bks and thse (bks)
状语从句中的省略
如果状语从句的主语和主语一致，而且状语从句谓语中有be动词，可以将状语从句的主语连同be动词一起省略。引导这类状语从句的连词有：when, while, thugh, if, unless, althugh等。其结构式为：连词+现在分词/过去分词/介词短语/名词/代词/副词/形容词/从句+主句
例如：
Jacb stared int my eyes while he whispered, as if t cmmunicate smething besides the wrds he spke.
While (he was) ding s, he trembled a little.
When (it is) taken accrding t the instructins, the drug has n side effects.
He came acrss the picture while a visit t New Yrk.
He culd write pems when yet a child.
Dn’t d it till t late.
He is better than when I last saw him.
I knw yu better than her.
He hurriedly left the rm as thugh (he was) very angry.
注意：1）在if it is pssible或when it is necessary 等类似结构中，it is常可省略。
If (it is) pssible, we’ll build anther railrad in this area.
We’ll have the ld huse pulled dwn when necessary.
Put a cmma, where needed.
注意2)有些状语从句似乎有词省略，却很难说出省略了哪些词，特别是一些谚语中，例如：
Once bitten, twice shy.
Mre haste, less speed.
Out f sight, ut f mind.
比较结构中的省略
比较结构通常是有些成分被省略，或是省略与主句相同的部分，或是省略在特定下上文或情景中某些不言而喻的部分。
最高级比较结构中的省略 或是在一定上下文中省略比较范围，或是省略最高级后
的名词。
例如：
Which d yu think is the prettiest?
Wh lives nearest t schl?
—Six juicy range, please.
—These are ur juiciest (ranges).
—I knw that kind-they aren’t sweet.
—I’m srry, they’re the sweetest ( ranges) we’ve gt.
(二)as… as和mre than
1.省略全部谓语
例如：He had the mst beautiful sul, mre beautiful than his brilliant mind r his incmparable face r his glrius bdy.
Clara is mre ambitius than I (me非正式文体).
This huse is nt s expensive as the ther ne.
2.省略部分谓语
例如：
Wasn’t anybdy later than we were?
Jane wuld d it much mre quickly than I wuld.
3.省略主语和谓语的大部分
例如：
Things are n better than befre.
The rads are much quieter here than in Lndn.
He is better than ( he was) when I last visited him.
4.下列比较分句中很难指明省略了什么。
例如：This meat is better than what we had last week.
或：This meat is better than we had last eek.
That is mre than the wrkers culd stand.
It’s far mre imprtant than hw much it csts.
注意：在下列比较状语从句中可以说是省略了主语，也可以说是由as或than充当从句主语。例如：
I dn’t think this is any better than was rdered.
He drve faster than was wise.
They std chatting tgether as easily and naturally as culd be.
名词性从句和定语从句中的省略
名词性从句中的省略
在非正式文体中，连词that在主语从句和表语从句中可以省略；连词that引出从句位于句尾，而用it作形式主语放在句首时，that可以省略；若that引出同位语从句，则that不省略。
例如：It is a pity (that) yu missed the sprts meeting last week.
That yu missed the sprts meeting last week is a pity.
The nly prblem is (that) yu can’t eat trees!
I think (that) it will clear up this afternn.
We’ve just heard a warning n the radi that a hurricane is likely t cme.
(二)定语从句中的省略
在限制性定语从句中，作宾语用的关系代词wh, whm, which，that常常省略。
例如：This is the film (that/ which) I saw last Saturday.
She is the girl (wh/whm/that) they were walking abut at the party.
(三)关系副词that的省略
在限制性定语从句中，that可以充当关系副词，在从句中作状语，修饰时间名词time, mment, day, year,地点名词place,方式名词way或原因名词reasn等，可以省略。
例如：D yu remember the time (that) /when we all went t a night club?
D yu knw the reasn why/ (that)/ fr which he was late?
This is the place (that) they swam acrss the river.
I like the way (that) she did it.
动词不定式符号t的省略
在表示感觉的动词如：feel, hear, see, watch, bserve, listen t, lk at, ntic以及使役
动词let, make, have等后面作宾补的不定式要省略t。但如果这些动词变为被动语态，t不省略。
例如：Harry watched her fly away fr a few secnds.
I felt the huse shake.
Have yu nticed her cry?
He was seen t take the mney.
在介词but, except后的不定式，如介词前面有实义动词d，介词后跟省略t的不定
式，否则，要跟带t的不定式
例如：They did nthing but cmplain.
He des everything in the huse except put the children t bed.
Yu have n chice but t wait.
当主语部分有实义动词d时，作表语的不定式可以省略t.
例如：What we can d is (t) cntinue t wait.
The nly thing yu have t d is (t) press the buttn.
(四) 在用and或r等连接不定式并且作用相同时，常省略后面不定式t.
例如： She started t shut and cry.
I’d like t lie dwn and g t sleep.
I wished t finish my business and get away.
She asked yu t telephne r wire t her n Mnday.
不定式符号的单独使用
为了避免重复前面已经出现过的动词，可以用不定式符号代替不定式结构，省略后面的部分。这种情况主要用于口语中。
t代替不定式作宾语，常同be afraid, care, expect, frget, hate, hpe, intend, mean, need,
like, plan, prefer, refuse, seem, try, want, wish等词连用。
例如：I asked him t see the film, but he didn’t want t (see the film).
We suggested that she recnsider the matter, but she refused t ( recnsider the matter).
I wuld mend yur radi, but I dn’t knw hw t ( mend it).
t代替不定式作宾语补足语(有时t也可以省略)
例如：We shuld like Jane t get a gd degree but we dn’t really expect her t (get it)
If I dn’t happen t remember t ring up Mr Smith, wuld yu remind me t?
—May I g ut this evening?
—Yes, I’ll allw yu (t).
如果不定式是t be, t have dne, t have been dne,就不能只用不定式符号“t”来替
代被省略的动词及动词后的部分，而要用t be, t have, t have been。
例如：Were they infrmed f the delay f the shipment? — N, but they ught t have been.
Aren’t yu directr?— N, and I dn’t want t be!
Hasn’t he finished the wrk? — N, but he ught t have.
用替代词的省略
在某些情况下，当我们省略掉某个词、词组或句子时，还需要用某个替代词。常用的替代词有： d (des), s, nt, neither, nr, d s, d that, d it, ne nes, the same等。
d可用来代替动词或动词加其他成分。
例如：
She speaks English mre fluently than yu d.(=speak English)
She speaks English mre fluently than her brther des. (speak English)
Did yu see the film? Yes, I did. (=saw the film)
Nelsn hped that they wuld all d their duty t the cuntry as Englishmen shuld d.(= shuld d their duty t the cuntry)
s和nt的替代
s可以代替单词、词组和句子，作call, expect, hpe, d, fear, imagine, suppse, speak, say, tell, think, believe,be afraid, see, ntice等的宾语；nt代替否定的句子，用法与s相似，并可放在perhaps, prbably, abslutely等副词后。这种用法也可与if连用。
例如： He must be a wrker. I imagine s. (=that he is a wrker)
She has nt angry at first, but became s after a while. (=angry)
Has she finished reading the bk? I hpe s. (=that she has finished reading the bk)
He is a great friend f mine and I hpe he will always reamain s. (=a great friend f mine)
Is he the best student in the class?—I think s. (=that he is…)
I think nt. (=that he is nt …I dn’t think he is… Perhaps nt.)
They will return at the weekend.
I am afraid nt. (=that he will nt return at the weekend)
Please cme if yu can. If nt (=If yu can’t cme), call me up.
—I was ill last week. — If s, why didn’t yu tell me.
d s, d that和d it的替代
d s可以替代动词加宾语，也可以替代动词加状语，s可以用it或that所取代，it指具体事物，that表示较重的口气。
例如：
She said she wuld g with me, but she didn’t d s. ( g with me)
Just finish ff watering the flwers. And let me knw when yu’ve dne s.(=finished ff watering the flwers)
Henry is ging t make the experiment and he wanted me t d it, t. (=make the experiment)
They played cards after supper and I watched them d that. (play cards).
(四)ne和that作替代词的区别
ne替代人和物，that只能代替物;ne只能替代可数名词，that可替代可数名词和不可数名词；ne可以前有置或后置定语，that只能有后置定语；ne (不加定义)表示泛指，that表示特指。
例如：
I have a brther, ne in the army.
Lk at the picture, that n the wall.
The nvel is an interesting as the ne (或that) I read last year.
The weather here is clder than that in Beijing.
This is a red pen, and I have three ther blue nes.
The music is as sweet as that we heard yesterday.
A pem written by an American pet is usually harder t understand than ne by a Chinese pet.
不用替代词的省略
主语及主语和部分谓语的省略
例如：(It) Sunds funny.
(He) Wh breaks pays.
(It is) Very kind f yu t help me.
(I’m) Srry, the line is busy.
(I’ve) Gt it.
(二)助动词的省略
例如：（D） Yu understand?
(Have) Children dne their hmewrk?
(三)There be的省略
例如：
（There’s） Nthing wrng with the machine.
(Is there )Anything I can d fr yu?
(四)祈使句和感叹句中的省略，祈使句通常省略主语yu
例如：Clse the windw!
Dn’t be afraid!
Yu read the text!
What a wide river ( it is)!
(五)在某些虚拟语气中可以省略shuld
例如：
He rdered that the sldiers ( shuld) put ut the lights immediately.
It is imprtant that we (shuld) study science and technlgy.
（六）介词在某些词组中的省略 *
【例题精讲】
1. The percentage f wmen wh wuld stay at hme full-time, ________ they culd affrd it, drpped frm 39 percent in 1981 t 31 percent in this survey.
A. ifB. untilC. even ifD. as
2. Yu’ve switched the machine ff. I tld yu nt t, ________?
A. didn’t IB. haven’t yuC. will yu D. did I
3. The cmpany wasted ________ investing in ut f date technlgy.
A. a millin pundB. millins f punds
C. several millins f pundD. a millin f punds
4.Televisin has many advantages. It keep us ________ abut the ________ news, and als prvides entertainment in the hme.
A. infrmed; latestB. t knw; later C. learning; latterD. t think; late
5. It’s difficult t say ________ this prtrait was painted by.
A. hwB. whseC. thatD. wh
6. Helen had t pay extra at the airprt because she had ________.
A. much t luggageB. t many pieces f luggages
C. t much luggageD. t many luggages
7. ________, yu can’t cme in here unless yu’re a club member.
A. Strictly speakingB. Cnsidering carefully
C. Spken strictlyD. Carefully cnsidered
8. I’ll wait here until 6:00, s ________ here by then.
A. try and beB. trying t getC. yu t cmeD. t be sure t
reach
9. Tny finished his meal, ________ the bill, and left the restaurant.
A. payingB. t checkC. checkingD. paid
10. The palace is heavily guarded, because inside its walls ________.
A. where sit the Eurpean leadersB. sit the Eurpean leaders
C. the Eurpean leaders there sitD. that the Eurpean leaders sit
【巩固练习】
选择最佳选项
1. When first ________ t the market, these prducts enjyed great success.
A. intrducing B. intrduced C. intrduce D. being intrduced
2. It shames me t say it, but I tld a lie when ________ at the meeting by my bss.
A. questining B. having questined C. questined D. t be questined
3. The man we fllwed suddenly stpped and lked as if ________ whether he was ging in the right directin.
A. seeing B. having seen C. t have seen D. t see
4. Generally speaking, ________ accrding t the directins, the drug has n side effect.
A. when taking B. when taken C. when t take D. when t be taken
5. Unless ________ t speak, yu shuld remain silent at the cnference.
A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited
6. When ________, the museum will be pen t the public next year.
A. cmpleted B. cmpleting C. being cmpleted D. t be cmpleted
7. Thugh ________ mney, his parents man-aged t send him t university.
A. lacked B. lacking f C. lacking D. lacked in
8. The research is s designed that nce ________ nthing can be dne t change it.
A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun
9. —Yu 're always wrking. Cme n, let's g shpping.
— ________ yu ever want t d is ging shpping.
A. Anything B. Smething C. All D. That
10. Is this the reasn ________ at the meeting fr his carelessness in his wrk?
A. he explained B. what he explained
C. hw he explained D. why he explained
课堂训练：
选择最佳选项
11. What surprised me was nt what he said but ________ he said it.
A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which
12. It is easy t d the repair. ________ yu need is a hammer and sme nails.
A. Smething B. All C. Bth D. Everything
13. That's an unpleasant thing t say abut yur father after ________ he's dne fr yu.
A. smething B. anything C. all D. that
14. As yu've never been there befre, I'll have smene ________ yu the way.
A. t shw B. shw C. shwing D. shwed
15. -- I'll be away n a business trip. Wuld yu mind lking after my cat?
-- Nt at all, ________.
A. I have n time B. I'd rather nt C. I'd like it D. I'd be happy t
16. -- Des yur brther intend t study German?
--Yes, he intends ________.
A. / B. t C. s D. that
17. -- Wuld yu like t g t the Grand Theatre with me tnight?
-- ________ .
A. Yes, I'd like t g t the Grand Theatre
B. I'd like t, but I have an exam tmrrw
C. N, I wn't
D. That's right
18. -- Yu shuld have thanked her befre yu left.
-- I meant ________ , but when I was leaving I culdn't find her anywhere.
A. t d B. t C. ding D. ding t
19. ________ it rain tmrrw, we wuld have t put ff the visit t the Yangpu Bridge.
A. Were B. Shuld C. Wuld D. Will
20. ________ fr the free tickets, I wuld nt have gne t the films s ften.
A. If it is nt B. Were C. Had it nt been D. If they were nt
阅读
There are times when yu find yurself unable t wrk ut a prblem. It is at this __31__ that the way in which yu use yur teacher is imprtant. With a gd teacher, such times shuld be less _-32__ than with a bad ne; s the wrse the teacher, the mre respnsibility yu have fr yur __33__! Whatever yur luck in this __34__, ne thing is mst significant and stays the same. Whatever the quality f teaching yu __35__: if there is smething yu dn’t understand, yu must ask, again and again if necessary, until yu d understand it –fully. __36__ thugh this may seem, it is almst unbelievable hw many peple wuld rather sit in silent __37__ than admit nt understanding. T behave in such a way is the nly truly __38__ thing a student can d; it’s a false frm f pride, which is the mst useless, damaging quality anyne can have, t say nthing f a student! __39__, regard yur teacher as a guide r even a friend and d nt sit __40__ wndering what he’s ging n abut.
31. A. curseB. pintC. thughtD. pprtunity
32. A. luckyB. remteC. frequentD. cmfrtable
33. A. mdB. imageC. intentinD. success
34. A. fieldB. peridC. respectD. directin
35. A. fferB. describe C. arrangeD. receive
36. A. LikelyB. ObviusC. DifficultD. Suitable
37. A. ignranceB. depressinC. nervusnessD. disapprval
38. A. safeB. simpleC. strangeD. stupid
39. A. OtherwiseB. FurthermreC. TherefreD. Nevertheless
40. A. quietlyB. hnestlyC. separatelyD. gently
一、重点词汇复习
二、高中省略（ellipsis）的重点
课后巩固
Directins: Cmplete the passage with the wrds in the bx. Each wrd can nly be used nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
An Adapted Transcript frm Matilda H's Ted Speech
In China, where everyne and everything is in a hurry, yu need t utperfrm ver 1.3 billin ther peple t build a better life. When it cmes t fd, impatience can have serius cnsequences. In the (43) t grw mre, sell mre, 4,000 years f agriculture in a cuntry f rich natural resurces is spiled by the veruse f chemicals and pesticides. The stries arund fd are (44)_______ and smewhat verwhelming, and I tld myself it's time t bring a mindful patience int the impatience.
When I say mindful patience, I mean knwing hw t act while waiting. And s, while I wait fr the day when a sustainable fd system becmes a reality in China, I launched ne f China's first nline farmers market t bring lcal, rganically grwn (45) t families. When we went (46) , we had n fruit and hardly any meat t sell, as nne that was sent t the lab passed ur zer tlerance test twards pesticides, chemicals, antibitics and hrmnes. I tld ur (47) emplyees that we wuld nt give up until we've met every lcal farmer in China.
Tday, we (48) types f fd frm 57 lcal farmers. As a matter f fact, nly tw hurs away frm Shanghai, n an island that even Ggle Maps was nt able t lcate, we fund a place where cws eat grass and ram free under the blue sky. Besides, we deliver ur custmers’ (49) in as fast as three hurs n electric vehicles, and we use reusable bxes t (50) ___ ur envirnmental ftprint.
I have n dubt that ur fferings will cntinue t grw, but it will take time, and I knw a lt mre peple are needed t (51) __ the future f gd fd. S last year, I funded China's first fd tech acceleratr and VC platfrm t help start-ups.
S, yu may still ask: Why are yu trying t build a sustainable fd system by driving a patient mvement in a cuntry where it’s almst a crime t take it slw? Because, we d nt inherit the earth frm ur ancestrs. We (52)____ it frm ur children.
III. Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A (15%)
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrases that best fits the cntext
By the end f the 20 century, TV shw prducers had begun t tun t the cheapest perfrmers available--their audience. It seemed that anyne wh wanted fame culd（53） it. And sme peple wanted it far t much.
Richard and Mayumi Heene,（54） , launched a large balln 2,000 meters int the air and then called a TV netwrk t say that their six-year-ld sn, Falcn, was inside it. Planes were re-ruted and Denver Internatinal Airprt was briefly（55） . Hwever, Falcn was later fund t have been hiding in the family's garage the whle time. The “balln by” turned ut t be a hax(骗局) and the Heenes were（56） f ding it in the hpe f landing their wn reality TV. Instead, they gt a fine and a shrt sentence each-but they were certainly （57）
fr a while.
S d we want fame? Research suggests that a large number f us d. Accrding t ne recent survey, 30 percent f adults regularly daydream abut being famus and 40 percent f us expect t（58） sme kind f fame in ur lifetimes. Perhaps a better questin is: shuld we want t be famus? D we really want every（59） f ur private lives expsed n newspapers and discussed n televisin? Sme peple, such as talent shw cntestant Susan Byle, seem（60） t deal with this kind f pressure , despite their talent. Byle gained internatinal fame fr her extrardinary singing vice after appearing n TV talent shw Britain’s Gt Talent and her first album became the fastest-selling f all time in the UK. But the sudden fame didn't seem easy fr her at first, and after the final f the shw, Byle was（61） t private psychiatric clinic. Furthermre, peple wh achieve fame ften dn 't seem t like it nce they have it. A survey f celebrities fund that they wrry abut the press, critics, threatening letters, the lack f privacy and the（62） n their children. These are hardly wrries that （63） peple have t deal with. They als,（64） , wrry abut what wuld happen if they were n lnger famus. And there are plenty f peple t ask abut that. Take Dnat Dalrymple fr example, a fisherman wh rescued a by frm the sea and enjyed the media sptlight fr several mnths afterwards. When it ended, hwever, he（65） his jb as a tilet cleaner. "I knw I'm a nbdy. he said when the attentin had（66） .
When the persn has t g back t everyday life, there's a sense f（67） ,lss and being cheated ut f smething, says Dr Rbert Cancr f the New Yrk University Schl f Medicine.
53.A. envyB. intervalC. affrdD. get
exampleB. n the ther handC. in cntrastD.in cmparisn
55.A. shut dwnB. searched thrughC. sent ffD. lked int
56.A. chargedB. accusedC. cnvincedD. warned
57.A. supprtedB. ashamedC. crazyD. famus
58.A. invlveB. increaseC. beatD. experience
59.A. arrangementB. aspectC. varietyD. zne
60.A. terrificB. bad-tempered C. ill-equippedD. amazed
61.A. accessibleB. admittedC. usedD. crwded
62.A. weightB. influenceC. benefitD. energy
63.A. intelligentB. well-knwnC. cmmnD. cnsiderate
64.A. accidentallyB. frtunatelyC. irnicallyD. understandably
65.A. held upB. gave upC. decided nD. returned t
66.A. disappearedB. arisenC. been paidD. grwn
67.A. mderateB. achievementC. disappintmentD. directin
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing three passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins r unfinished statements. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read
(A)
The wner f an Alabama Chinese restaurant named “Gd Friend” sht at a custmer wh cmplained abut a fly in her eggrll Thursday night. The bullet narrwly missed 20-year-ld Birmingham resident Jatari Walker wh tld the Daily News she is scared by the entire experience.
“I can’t sleep,” she said Saturday afternn. “And since it happened, I’ve had n appetite.”
Walker rdered a cmbinatin platter and eggrll frm the Gd Friend Chinese and Seafd Restaurant n Dennisn Ave n Thursday evening. After paying her $7 bill she went back t her car and discvered a fly inside. “I thught I need t take this back,” she said.
The custmer went back and asked fr a repayment and said the wner Chun HinChing, 52, was unhappy with her because she annunced her discvery in frnt f ther custmers. After an argument he repaid the mney and Walker — wh is nw a frmer frequent custmer f the business — turned and walked t the exit.
That’s when Ching drew a handgun and fired a single sht ver her head.
“He just sht the gun at me and I ran,” she said, adding that she culd feel the bullet whiz（飕飕掠过）past her head.
Birmingham Plice Department spkesman Lt. Sean Edwards tld the News the wner was charged with attempted murder and was transprted t Jeffersn Cunty Jail n $100,000 bail（保释金）.
Plice believe Ching intended t hit Walker with the bullet and missed. The bullet hit the tp f the dr frame f the take-ut business. “Ching did nt tell plice why he fired at Walker.” Edwards said, “Als, he did nt say why he had a weapn, but it was nt uncmmn fr stres in that neighbrhd.”
N ne was injured frm the gunsht, and calls placed t the restaurant Saturday afternn were nt answered.
68. What happened n Thursday night in Gd Friend Chinese and Seafd Restaurant?
A. A fire brke ut but luckily n ne was injured.
B. The restaurant wner refused t repay the mney.
C. The egg rlls caused sickness amng sme custmers.
D. A yung wman narrwly escaped being killed by a bullet.
69．Why did Walker g back t the restaurant after buying the fd？
A. Because she left her car key in the restaurant．
B. Because she discvered a fly in the egg rll．
C. Because she frgt t take the cmbinatin platter．
D. Because she fund the wner charged her t much．
70. The restaurant wner fired n Walker when___ .
A. she was abut t leave
B. she was arguing with him
C. she asked fr a repayment
D. she annunced her discvery
71. We can learn frm the passage that___ .
A. this is the first time fr Walker t buy fd frm Gd Friend Restaurant
B. the wner was unhappy with the cmplaint and refused t repay the mney
C. it is cmmn fr a restaurant wner in that neighbrhd t have a weapn
D. if smene had been hit，Ching'd have been charged with attempted murder．
(B)
Fr many health-cnscius peple, bread is a little slice f hell. Shelves f multigrain laves r friends passing arund surdugh(酵母面包) starters and attaching the wrd artisanal（手工艺 性的) t the ancient cmbinatin f yeast(酵母), flur and water-have led cnsumers t believe whle grain bread is healthier than industrial white bread. That trend has made fr a lt f expensive sandwiches.
Frtunately, a new study by researchers at the Weizmann Institute f Science is here t cut thrugh the cnfusin. In the study, published in Cell Metablism, researchers randmized 20 participants t cnsume either prcessed white bread r artisanal whle wheat surdugh in rder t cmpare the effects f each n the bdy.
Befre the study started, all participants cnsumed the same amunt f white and nnwhite bread fr several days. Then each grup ate, n average, at least 100 grams f bread--three t fur day fr ne week. After a tw-week break, the grups switched types fr anther bread-laden week. The ttal amunt f calries the participants cnsumed remained cnstant fr the duratin f the study.
The researchers were surprised by what they fund. "There were n clinically significant differences between the effects f these tw types f bread n whatever we measured, "said cmputatinal bilgist Eran Segal, senir authr f the study in a statement. Thse measured included glucse(葡萄糖) levels upn waking, fat and chlesterl(胆固醇) levels, the amunts f essential minerals in the bldstream and several indicatrs f tissue damage. Segal and clleagues examined 20 variables and fund nt ne ntable differences between the white bread eaters and the artisanal bread eaters. The key finding: It wasn't that bth breads had n effect n the bdy. Rather, they bth did equal damage. As it tums ut, half the participants had a higher glycemic respnse t industrial white bread, and half had the higher respnse t artisanal surdugh bread.
The researchers als fund that which bread was best fr yu can be predicted based n the bacteria present in yur bdy. They fund that the "prfile"the variety f bacterial species--crrelated with the glycemic respnse t each bread. The small size f the study means the results shuld be cnsidered preliminary. The researchers hpe t study these predictrs mre carefully as a ptential way t imprve nutritinal recmmendatins, says bilgist Avraham Levy anther study c-authr.
In shrt, the study prvides vital evidence that we need t stp judging each ther in the supermarket bread aisle.
75. Why des the authr use "frtunately"at the beginning f the secnd paragraph?
A. The study has made great breakthrughs in finding what matters in bread.
B. The study can deepen peple's understanding f the advantages f yeast.
C. The study is cnducted by researchers specializing in fd and nutritin.
D. The study shws yu needn't spend s much mney n whlegrain bread.
76. What can be cncluded frm the study mentined in the passage?
A. Bth white bread and nnwhite bread may d harm t ur health.
B. Peple respnd similarly t white bread but differently t nnwhite bread.
C. White bread and whlegrain bread prduce n immediate effect n bdy.
D. White bread eaters and artisanal bread eaters reprt different bdy respnses.
The findings need mre research because f .
A. the thery they are based n
the number f participants
C. the methd f the experiments
D. the duratin f the study
78.Which f the fllwing is the authr mst likely t agree with?
A. It's better t stick t ancient ways f making bread.
B. Supermarkets shuld label the bread that may d harm.
C. There is n need t chse bread due t its ingredients.
D. Bread must be free f bacteria fr the sake f ur health.
= 4 \* ROMAN IV. Translatin (15%)
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
83. 重要的是我们要学会明辨是非。（matter v.）
84. 现代技术的引进被证明是十分成功的。（prve）
85. 实验的失败被认为是研究人员缺乏经验。(regard)
86. 直到被匆忙送进医院他才意识到健康饮食的重要。（rush, aware）
87. 据报道，由于农业技术的发展，不少农户从中获益匪浅。（benefit）
V. Guided Writing
Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 80-100 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
高中的校园生活丰富多彩，有些人认为高中生应多参加各种校内外活动，也有人认为高中生还是应该将精力放在学业上。请谈谈你对此的看法。
预习思考.
观察下列10个句子，你能发现什么规律？ 可以仿照着写一写。
1.I like the trees that \which were planted last spring.
=I like the trees planted last spring.
2.A letter which \that is written in pencil is hard t read.
=A letter written in pencil is hard t read.
3.Have yu bught the bk which /that was referred t last week?
=Have yu bught the bk referred t last week?
4.Finally he reached a lnely island that \which was cmpletely cut ff frm the utside wrld.
=Finally, he reached a lnely island cmpletely cut ff frm the utside wrld.
5.I like the secnd ftball match which /that was held last week.
=I like the secnd ftball match held last week.
The flwers which were planted last year are nw grw well.
=The flwers planted last year are nw grw well.
7.We all like the sngs which/ that are sung by Caixukun.
=We all like the sngs sung by Caixukun.
8.I heard a piece f gd news that/ which was annunced by ur mnitr.
=I heard a piece f gd news annunced by ur mnitr.
9. Many yung peple wh were well-educated headed fr remte regins t chase their dreams.
=Many yung well-educated peple headed fr remte regins t chase their dreams.
10.We hpe the measures t cntrl huse prices, which are taken by the gvernment, will succeed.
=We hpe the measures t cntrl huse prices, taken by the gvernment, will succeed.
be busy (in)ding
忙于做
ccupy neself (in) ding
从事于…
emply neself (in) ding
从事于
pass (in) ding
花…做…
have a hard time (in) ding
做…很难
prevent… (frm) ding
阻止…做
have difficulty (in) ding
做…有困难
spend… (in) ding
花…做…
have fun (in) ding
做…开心
stp… (frm) ding
阻止…做
have truble (in) ding
做…有麻烦
take …(in) ding
带…去做…
lse n time (in) ding
不失时机做
waste… (in) ding
做…浪费
定语从句省略
状语从句省略
名词性从句省略
不定式t的省略
复合宾语结构中t的省略
其他固定结构中的省略
省略
A. prduce B. hrrible C. rders D. tense E. shape F. experienced
G. haste H. live I. minimize J. supply K. brrw