08 名词从句(核心考点精讲精练)2025年高考英语一轮复习(上海专用)(学生版无答案)
展开近3年真题考点分布
【思维导图】
【知识梳理】
考点一:宾语从句
1.宾语从句的引导词
She asked me whether I had returned the bks t the library,and I admitted that I hadn't.
她问我是否把书还给图书馆了,我承认我还没有还。
Our teacher always tell us t believe in what we d and wh we are if we want t succeed.
我们的老师总是告诉我们,如果我们想成功的话,就要相信我们所做的事情以及我们自己。
易错警示
(1)that引导宾语从句时,常被省去,但下列情况下不能省略:①动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时,只有第一个that可省略,其余的不可省略;②宾语从句前有插入语时;③that引导的从句位于句首时。
(2)一般情况下介词后只能用wh类连接词引导宾语从句。介词后的宾语从句,连接词表示“是否”时,只用whether,不用if。
2.形式宾语
宾语一般放在及物动词或介词之后,但是,在下列情况下,须用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语(常为不定式/从句)后置。
(1)动词find/feel/think/cnsider/make+it+宾补(形容词或名词)+不定式/从句
(2)动词hate/ like/ dislike/ appreciate/enjy+it+从句
(3)短语动词see t/ depend n/rely n+it+从句
(4)固定搭配take it fr granted that/we it t sb.that+从句
N matter where he is,he makes it a rule t g fr a walk befre breakfast.
无论他在哪里,他都定了一个规矩——早餐前散步。
I shall see t it that he is taken gd care f when yu are absent.
你不在的时候,我负责把他照顾好。
I think it necessary that we take plenty f biled water every day.
我认为我们每天多喝白开水是有必要的。
3.宾语从句的时态
一般情况下,宾语从句须与主句的时态保持一致,即当主句是一般现在时时,从句可根据具体情况选用合适的时态;当主句为过去的某种时态时,从句须用相应的过去的某种时态。当从句的内容为真理或客观事实时,须用一般现在时。
考点二:表语从句
1.表语从句的引导词
The mst imprtant result fr the user is that the prduct des what is intended.
对用户来说最重要的是产品达到了预期的效果。
This is where we usually think it's easier t just give up.
这就是我们通常认为更容易放弃的地方。
易错警示
if不能引导表语从句;that引导表语从句时不能省略。
2.as if/as thugh引导表语从句
as if/as thugh意为“好像,仿佛”,引导的表语从句常跟在系动词(如seem,appear,lk,taste,sund,feel,smell等)之后。若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况,从句用虚拟语气;若所述的是事实或是极可能发生的情况,从句用陈述语气。
The thick smg cvered the whle city.It was as if a great black blanket had been thrwn ver it.
厚重的烟雾覆盖着整个城市,好像把一个厚厚的黑色的毯子扔到它的上面。
3.其他常考的表语从句
(1)This/ That/ It is why+表语从句(表结果)“这/那就是……的原因”
(2)This/ That/ It is because+表语从句(表原因)“这/那是因为……”
(3)The reasn that+表语从句“……的原因是……”
Frm space,the earth lks blue.This is because abut seventyne percent f its surface is cvered by water.
从太空中看,地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面约百分之七十一都被水覆盖着。
考点三:主语从句
1.主语从句的引导词
Yur supprt is imprtant t ur wrk.Whatever yu can d helps.
你的支持对我们的工作很重要。你能做的任何事情都会对我们有所帮助。
Hw we understand things has a lt t d with what we feel.
我们如何理解事情与我们所感受到的有很大关系。
Where Li Bai,a great Chinese pet,was brn is knwn t the public,but sme wn't accept it.
李白,中国伟大的诗人,出生的地方人人皆知,但是有些人对此并不接受。
The limits f a persn's intelligence,generally speaking,are fixed at birth,but whether he reaches these limits will depend n his envirnment.
通常来说,一个人智力上的极限从一出生就确定了,但他是否能够达到极限取决于他所处的环境。
易错警示
(1)that引导主语从句时一般不省略。
(2)当主语从句位于句首时,常用whether引导,而不用if。
2.形式主语
it作形式主语的常见句型:
(1)It+be+形容词(necessary/likely/imprtant/certain等)+that从句
(2)It+be+名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/n wnder等)+that从句
(3)It+be+过去分词(said/tld/reprted等)+that从句
(4)It+不及物动词(seem,appear,happen,matter等)+that从句
It is uncertain what side effect the medicine will bring abut,althugh abut tw thusand patients have taken it.
尽管大约两千名患者已经服用了这种药,但是它会带来什么样的副作用还不清楚。
It desn't matter whether yu pay by cash r credit card in this stre.
在这个商店里你用现金支付还是信用卡支付都没有关系。
易错警示
当it作形式主语,主语从句放在句末时,用if或whether引导均可,但如果被后置的主语从句中引导词后接r nt时,只能用whether。
考点四:同位语从句
同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语,位于该名词之后,用以说明该名词的具体内容。常见同位语从句的名词:advice,cnclusin,dubt,fact,hpe,idea,news,prmise,questin,suggestin,thught,truth,wish,wrd等。引导同位语从句的引导词:that,whether,hw,where,when,why等。
The manager put frward a suggestin that we shuld have an assistant.There is t much wrk t d.
经理提出一个建议,我们应该有个助手。有太多的工作要做。
易错警示
that引导同位语从句和定语从句的区别:that引导定语从句时,that既起引导词的作用,又在从句中充当句子成分;如果在从句中作宾语that还可以省略,所修饰的名词指物时可用which替换。引导同位语从句时,that在从句中不充当任何句子成分,不能省略。
(2023·上海静安·统考二模)
The cncern is that science has nt quite wrked ut ________ the relatinship between bdy and mind wrks.
(2023·上海浦东新·统考二模)
Her design includes the Self Grwing Farm, and she details ______it wuld wrk with elements n Mars.
(2023·上海青浦·统考二模)
Smetimes unknwn species are ften living right under ur nses — in parks, gardens and even in planters n balcnies. That’s ______ researchers in Japan recently recgnized this new species f rchid.
(2023·上海松江·统考二模)
And f curse, ______ wrks fr yu will depend n yur current physical state.
(2023·上海闵行·统考二模)
They rated the flavr, clr, appearance, and taste f the prduce t see ______ the labr ver their greens prved fruitful as a supplement t prepackaged space fd.
(2023·上海奉贤·统考二模)
It is a universal cde with different marks t help with the meaning f ________ is being written.
A gd writer can create emtins with just wrds and sentences, __________ that’s fear, wnder r jy.
(2023·上海虹口·统考二模)
It turns ut that this may be ________ ur brains remember sund differently than ther types f senses.
In the first experiment, students were asked t recall ________ varius stimuli (刺激物) were the same r different after a set perid f time.
(2023·上海虹口·统考二模)
Han says. “It is similar t the fam (泡沫) n tp f a cup f cffee, except ____ it is made f tea rather than milk.”
(2023·上海宝山·统考模拟预测)
It’s n surprise___24___ they can they up well int the night.
【基础过关】
【2023届上海市上海中学下学期高考英语阶段模拟试卷】
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
It’s harder t heal at night
Circadian rhythm, better knwn as ur bdy clck, is the cycle that keeps us mving n. During a 24-hur cycle it helps ____1____ (drive) multiple prcesses in the bdy, frm hrmne secretin and sleeping patterns t metablism. And researchers at the Medical Research Cuncil (MRC) Labratry f Mlecular Bilgy in Cambridge have discvered that this cycle can affect the healing f wunds such as cuts and burns.
Dr Jhn O’Neill, the senir authr f the study, said, “This is the first time that the circadian clck within individual skin cells ____2____(shw) t determine hw effectively they respnd t injuries.”
The study fund that, n average, burns that ____3____(ccur) at night tk 60 per cent lnger t heal than burns that happened during the bdy clck daytime cycle. Nighttime burns (sustained between 8pm and 8am) healed arund 28 days ____4____ when it was 17 days if a burn was sustained during the day (between 8am and 8pm). The study drew these cnclusins after ____5____(analyse) data frm 118 patient recrds frm all majr burns units in England and Wales.
The reasning behind the differences in healing time is due t ____6____lng it takes fr skin cells t mve t the site f the wund and begin repairs a prcess that ccurs mre quickly during the daytime. This is driven by increased activity f the prteins within the cell, ____7____act like a muscle within the cell.
In a statement, Dr Ned Hyle, the lead authr f the study, said, “We’ve shwn that the daily cycles in ur bdy clck cntrl hw well cells can repair ____8____ (damage) tissue by affecting an essential prtein called actin. Efficient repair f ur skin is critical t preventing infectin, and ____9____ healing ges wrng, wunds need mre time t heal. Further research int the link ____10____bdy clcks and wund healing may help us t develp drugs that prmte wund healing.
【能力提升】
1.在法庭上,他坚持自己没犯抢劫罪。(guilty) (2018年春考)
2.有人声称这个减肥丸效果显著,立竿见影,且对身体无害。但事实远非如此。(It) (2017年秋考)
3. 她后悔自己做决定是基于情感而非理性。(regret) (汉译英)
4. 实现梦想之前,一个人要经历一段时间的艰难,这是常有的事。(That) (汉译英)
5. 博物馆要求所有参观者须和古董及其他贵重展品保持一定距离。(demand)(汉译英)
2022年秋考
An entrepreneur can determine (26) __________ ther businesses in the area are ding and hw they succeed by cnducting a cmpetitive analysis.
2022年春考
Peple travel thusands f kilmeters t see the aurra , and they can never be sure ( 29)_______it will happen .But (30) _______________d see it say that they will never frget it.
2021年春考
This will allw yu t see(29)________genres(类型)wrk fr yur grup.
2020年春考
Hun Hunahpús had his head cut ff; a fretaste f (25) _________ wuld becme cmmn practice fr players unfrtunate enugh t lse a game.
The stry als supprts the idea (30) _________ the ball game was smetimes used fr the purpses f divinatin.
2019年秋考
Nature is full f wnders. In (21)__________ is ne f the mst breathtaking sights in nature, millins f baby Ridley turtles brke ut f their eggshells under the sand at ne f their mass nesting grunds in castal Orissa.
2018年秋考
What we can say is that this is (23 )_______the brains lk like f kids wh spend a lt f time n screens. And it's nt just ne pattern.
2018年春考
I have seen (25) ______ vigrusly they grw withut me.
题型
语法填空
高考考点
名词从句
2022上海秋考
An entrepreneur can determine (26) __________ ther businesses in the area are ding and hw they succeed by cnducting a cmpetitive analysis.
【答案】26.what
2022上海春考
Peple travel thusands f kilmeters t see the aurra , and they can never be sure ( 29)_______it will happen .But (30) _______________d see it say that they will never frget it.
【答案】29.that 30.whever
2021上海秋考
This will allw yu t see(29)________genres(类型)wrk fr yur grup.
【答案】29. what
2021上海春考
Hun Hunahpús had his head cut ff; a fretaste f (25) _________ wuld becme cmmn practice fr players unfrtunate enugh t lse a game.
【答案】25. what
2020上海秋考
2020上海春考
The stry als supprts the idea (30) _________ the ball game was smetimes used fr the purpses f divinatin.
【答案】30. that
种类
作用
例句
关联词
宾语
从句
在复合句中做宾语,相当于名词,一般置谓语之后。
He asked me which team culd win the game.
We hpe (that )yu will enjy yur trip.
Tell me why yu dn’t like schl.
I dn’t knw whse prnunciatin is the best.
连接词
that/whether
as if/
as thugh;
连接代词
what/ which
wh/whse
whatever
whever
whmever
whichever;
连接副词
Where/when
why/hw
wherever
whenever
表语
从句
在复合句中做表语,相当于名词,位于系动词之后。
It lks as if it is ging t snw.
New Yrk is n lnger what it was ten years ag.
The bk is where yu left it.
The prblem is when he came here.
主语
从句
在复合句中做主语,相当于名词,一般置谓语之前;也可用it作形式主语,主语从句放主句之后。
Whether he will cme r nt desn’t matter much.
Whever cmes here will be welcme.
It is nt yet decided wh will d that jb.
That she was chsen made us very happy.
同位语从句
放在名词之后(news, prblem, idea, suggestin, advice, thught, hpe, fact等) 表明其具体内容。
The fact that he lied again greatly surprised us.
D yu have any suggestin where we get cheaper secndhand car?
Yu have n idea hw wrried we are.
连接词
that,whether,if
只起连接作用,不在从句中作成分
连接代词
what,wh,whm,which,whichever,whatever,whever
在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语
连接副词
when,where,hw,why
在从句中作状语
连接词
that,whether
只起连接作用,不在从句中作成分
连接代词
what,wh,whm,which,whichever,whatever,whever
在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语
连接副词
when,where,hw,why
在从句中作状语
连接词
that,whether,if
只起连接作用,不在从句中作成分
连接代词
what,wh,whm,which,whichever,whatever,whever
在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语
连接副词
when,where,hw,why
在从句中作状语
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