江苏省决胜新高考2024-2025学年高三上学期10月大联考英语英语试题（解析版）

这是一份江苏省决胜新高考2024-2025学年高三上学期10月大联考英语英语试题（解析版），共26页。
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最 佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题 和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What has happened t the cup with little hearts?
A. It has been lst.
B. It has been damaged.
C. It has been given t the man.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Have yu seen my favrite cup? The ne with little hearts n it. I think I’ve lst it.
M: Srry, I meant t tell yu that I brke it last week while washing it. But I gt yu this ne t replace it.
W: I lve it!
2. What did the man ask the wman t d?
A. Sew sme clthes.
B. Clean up the flrs.
C. Pay mre attentin next time.
【答案】C
【原文】M: Mindy, I fund a needle n the flr. I almst stepped n it. Yu shuld be mre careful.
W: It wasn’t me, Ben. It was my mther. She came ver t help with the children’s clthes. But I’ll sweep the flr right nw t make sure there aren’t any mre.
3. Hw many classes des the girl have n Mnday?
A. Tw.B. Three.C. Fur.
【答案】B
【原文】M: I have dance class first thing, and then music straight after lunch.
W: Lucky yu. Fr me, it’s a busy Mnday. I have duble classes f math and then gegraphy.
4. Why des the wman advise the man t run?
A. T catch the pstman.
B. T brrw sme stamps.
C. T reach the pst ffice befre clsing.
【答案】C
【原文】M: D yu have any stamps I can brrw? I want t send this straight away.
W: I’m afraid I dn’t. But if yu run, yu might just catch the pst ffice.
5. What is acrss frm the new clthing stre?
A. A bank.B. A mvie theater. C. A bkstre.
【答案】B
【原文】M: I was in that new clthing stre next t the bank and they had sme shirts that wuld really suit yu.
W: Is it ppsite the cinema? What did the place use t be befre the clthing stre pened?
M: Yeah, it was a bkstre befre.
第二节 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个 选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个 小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. Hw des the man feel?
A. Cnfident.B. Tired.C. Cnfused.
7. Which cuntry was the man brn in?
A. Japan.B. China.C. Australia.
【答案】6. C 7. A
【原文】M: Excuse me, can yu help me? I can’t understand part f this frm.
W: Certainly, sir. What part are yu having prblems with?
M: Part 3A. I’m nt quite sure what it’s asking. I’ve read it several times but it des nt make any sense.
W: That part f the frm is nly fr freign travelers.
M: Technically, I am. I’m riginally frm Japan, but then I was raised in Australia befre cming t China.
W: Where d yu live nw?
M: I live in Hng Kng.
W: Yu are well traveled.
M: I am, but smetimes these frms still cnfuse me.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Classmates.
B. Tutr and student.
C. Mther and sn.
9. What subject is the by struggling with?
A. Math.B. English.C. Gegraphy.
10. What activity is related t the wman’s jb?
A. Testing.B. Writing.C. Teaching.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B
【原文】W: Malclm, have yu finished yur hmewrk yet?
M: Nt yet, I need dad’s help with ne f the questins.
W: Well, maybe I can help?
M: Thanks, but dad knws mre abut algebra than yu.
W: I am just as capable as yur father. We bth went t university.
M: But dad uses it all the time in his jb. Yu write a lt in yur jb, s I cme t yu when I need help with my English tests.
W: That’s very smart, but smetimes yur father wn’t be able t help yu. S if yu need it, I’m here. I’m als gd at gegraphy.
M: OK then. Can yu tell me the answer t this ne?
W: N, but I can shw yu hw t find the answer yurself.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11. Where are the speakers prbably?
A. In a stre.
B. In a gallery.
C. In the man’s apartment.
12. What clr is the wman’s clred wall?
A. Purple.B. Cream.C. Orange.
13. Where is the wallpaper lcated?
A. Under the brushes.
B. Next t the sheets.
C. Acrss frm the paint.
【答案】11. A 12. A 13. C
【原文】M: Excuse me, can yu tell me where the paint sectin is?
W: It’s straight dwn there.
M: Thank yu. We’re ging t paint my apartment.
W: Oh, I lve decrating. What clr are yu ging fr?
M: Maybe smething in cream r white. We might sell it sn, s we want it t lk airy.
W: A lt f peple these days have ne wall in a bright r distinct clr t make it stand ut. I have a purple ne in my bedrm.
M: I did see ne at a friend’s huse. He had painted ne side f his living rm range. It lked very smart. I’m just nt sure I culd d as gd a jb. I’m nt an artist.
W: Well, we have all the tls yu need next t the paint, like brushes and sheets t keep yur furniture clean. Or if yu want a challenge, the wallpaper is n the ppsite side.
M: Yu’ve been mst helpful.
W: If yu need anything else, just let me knw.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. A missing pet. B. A late package. C. A wrng fd rder.
15. Wh is Tmmy?
A. The wman’s sn.B. The wman’s pet.C. The wman’s bss.
16. What is wrng with the delivery drivers?
A. They are ill.
B. They are ut fr lunch.
C. They have left the cmpany.
17. What will the wman get the mney fr accrding t the man?
A. Her lst item.
B. Delivery csts.
C. Her time spent n the phne.
【答案】14. B 15. B 16. A 17. C
【原文】W: I have been n hld fr half an hur trying t find ut where my delivery is!
M: I aplgize, Mrs. Smith. This is nt the level f service we usually ffer.
W: Then what is the prblem? It’s a present fr my little Tmmy. It’s his birthday tmrrw. I picked sme dg fd fr him. Why haven’t I received his present yet?
M: We had t use a delivery service instead f ur wn drivers.
W: Why?
M: I shuldn’t really say.
W: I demand an explanatin, r I want t speak t yur bss.
M: Our drivers all eat frm the same restaurant at lunch. They have all gt fd pisning.
W: Well, I’m srry t hear that. I hpe they are OK.
M: Me, t. Because yu are such a lyal custmer, I wuld like t ffer yu a full refund fr the item.
W: I guess that wuld be acceptable. Hld n, there’s smene at my dr.
M: Hell, Mrs. Smith?
W: That was yur driver. It arrived! Thank yu s much.
M: I’m glad it all wrked ut fine. We wuld still like t ffer yu a refund, fr the length f the call.
W: Thank yu. That wuld be lvely.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18. Why des the nursery ffer the plans?
A. T keep children safe.
B. T make children healthy.
C. T help children find their way.
19. When are the teachers n duty?
A. 8:00 p.m. n Mnday.
B. 7:00 a.m. n Thursday.
C. 9:00 a.m. n Saturday.
20. T whm is the speaker mainly talking?
A. Children at the nursery.B. New teachers.C. Children’s parents.
【答案】18. A 19. B 20. C
【原文】There is anther thing t pint ut abut safety befre we start tday’s nursery tur. The safety f yur children is, f curse, ur main cncern and we are cnstantly wrking t imprve it in any pssible way. We als try t make sure that yur children enjy their time at nursery and benefit frm it as much as pssible. The nursery ffers tw plans t ensure yu knw that yur children are safe. The Bus Trip plan is t make sure that children get where they need t g after nursery with a teacher n duty t prtect them, whether they are ging straight hme r smewhere else. The In-Schl plan gives yu peace f mind when the children are being taught. A careful recrd is kept f where children are in the building s that we can lcate them quickly at any time. Yu are prvided with a number, s yu can call the nursery between 7:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m. n the weekdays. Requirements can als be made by text and email. All in all, we are trying ur best t make sure yur children are safe while they are attending the nursery.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节, 满分 50 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Hitchin Lavender (薰衣草)
Abut
A family-run farm with a 12-acre blanket f lavender that paints the hillside a vivid purple every summer. Just pick up a paper bag and sme scissrs at the gate, and ff yu g — gulping (深呼吸) lungfuls f fragrant air as yu g. Yu can pick yur way arund the field and take bunches f the stuff hme by the bag. There’s als a field full f sunflwers, which makes fr pretty pht pprtunities. The height f flwering seasn is late June t mid-July (s early visitrs shuldn’t expect peak purple) but it’s wrth keeping an eye n its Facebk page fr updates t time yur visit.
Fun fact
Thanks t being featured n a Chinese website, the farm saw a huge rise in internatinal visitrs lking fr a typical British experience last year.
Value fr mney?
Field entrance is adults £6, children £3 (5-14s), under 5s free which includes free picking fr all. The entry fee includes bag and scissrs, while extra bags fr children r eager adults are £4 each.
Getting there
By car is easiest: Take junctin 10 ff the A1M twards Sttfld, then fllw the A507. It makes a great stp-ff if yu’re heading t Cambridge. Or take the train frm King’s Crss t Hitchin, then a taxi t the farm.
Opening hurs
10am-5pm daily frm May 26 until the end f August, with late nights until 9pm n selected dates in August.
21. What d we knw abut Hitchin Lavender?
A. It encurages picking. B. It is incnveniently lcated.
C. It ffers pht-taking service.D. It is run by a Chinese web agency.
22. Hw much wuld a cuple with their 3-year-ld sn pay fr admissin?
A. £9. B. £12. C. £15. D. £19.
23. What is the time t enjy Hitchin Lavender’s peak purple?
A. May 26. B. August 18. C. July 8. D. April 30.
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Hitchin Lavender薰衣草农场的相关信息，包括农场特色、有趣的事实、价格、到达方式和开放时间等。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Abut部分中“Just pick up a paper bag and sme scissrs at the gate, and ff yu g — gulping (深呼吸) lungfuls f fragrant air as yu g. Yu can pick yur way arund the field and take bunches f the stuff hme by the bag.(只需在门口拿一个纸袋和一把剪刀，然后你就可以上路了——一路上深吸一口芬芳的空气。你可以在田野里挑选，然后用袋子把一束束的东西带回家)”可知，Hitchin Lavender鼓励游客采摘薰衣草。故选A项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Value fr mney?部分中“Field entrance is adults £6, children £3 (5-14s), under 5s free which includes free picking fr all.(田野入场费成人为6英镑，儿童(5-14岁)为3英镑，5岁以下儿童免费，含所有人免费采摘)”可知，一对夫妇和他们三岁的儿子入场需支付6+6+0=12英镑。故选B项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Abut部分中“The height f flwering seasn is late June t mid-July (s early visitrs shuldn’t expect peak purple).(花开的高峰期是6月下旬到7月中旬 (所以早期的游客不要期望看到最盛的紫色))”可知，7月8日处于6月下旬到7月中旬之间，是欣赏Hitchin Lavender最盛紫色的时间。7月8日在这一区间，故选C项。
B
When Craig Miller mved t the Catskill muntains in New Yrk after retirement, the jurnalist wanted t get away frm traffic jam s and wildfires and enjy a quieter pace f life. Yet, ne year int his stay, he became his twn’s newest vlunteer firefighter.
Driving arund twn and nticing recruitment (招聘) signs, he decided t dig further. “Speaking t fire chiefs, I realized they are in crisis since mre than 60% f all firefighters in the US are vlunteers, and rural areas can’t get yung peple t jin,” he says. “The chief was trying t recruit me, saying that it didn’t matter abut my age.” Miller realized that vlunteering wuld be a gd way t becme a part f the cmmunity, s he signed up t train as a firefighter.
“The training wned my life fr three mnths, with night classes and Saturday sessins cvering everything frm perating a pump panel t thrwing ladders (梯子),” he says. “We started every sessin with a ‘dnning drill’, racing t put 18k f equipment n in under a minute. We smetimes had t d it fur r five times and I was staggering (摇晃) by the end. It immediately imprved my fitness.”
Averaging 60 calluts a year, Miller has experienced his hair- raising mments. “I’ve been n car fires and wildfires, which are stubbrn and difficult. Cars can als give ff sme gnarly fumes when they are melting,” he says. “The wrst feeling is when yu get paged, shw up and yu’re the nly ne at the statin. That happened nce when I was early int my training and it was terrifying thinking I wuld have t lead the callut.”
The greatest impact has cme frm helping peple during sme f the wrst mments f their lives. “It’s massively rewarding t put yurself ut there fr strangers and they are s grateful fr us, t,” he says. Despite initially thinking he wuld stp vlunteering at 70, Miller is nw cmmitted t carrying n. “One f the essential things in life is t feel that yur effrts have meaning and that yu are making a difference. I’ll keep ging as lng as I’m able. It gets in yur bld.” he says.
24. Why did Miller vlunteer as a firefighter?
A. He desired a sense f belnging.B. He fund his retirement life dull.
C. He was an adventurus jurnalist.D. He needed materials fr his reprts.
25. What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A. A fire rescue peratin. B. The firefighting training.
C. A recipe fr building muscle.D. The challenges facing firefighters.
26. What made Miller feel wrst?
A. He gt his car burnt in a fire. B. He had mre calluts t cpe with.
C. He was unprepared fr the emergency.D. He had t carry ut the peratin alne.
27. What mtivates Miller t cntinue vlunteering?
A. He is full f energy. B. He can encunter strangers.
C. He finds a purpse in his life.D. He desires gratitude frm thers.
【答案】24. A 25. B 26. D 27. C
【语篇解读】本篇是记叙文，文章介绍了Craig Miller在退休之后从事消防志愿者的情况。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Miller realized that vlunteering wuld be a gd way t becme a part f the cmmunity, s he signed up t train as a firefighter. (Miller意识到志愿服务是成为社区一员的好方法，所以他报名参加了消防员培训。)”可知，Craig Miller参加消防志愿者活动是因为他渴望一种归属感。故选A。
【25题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段““The training wned my life fr three mnths, with night classes and Saturday sessins cvering everything frm perating a pump panel t thrwing ladders (梯子),” he says. “We started every sessin with a ‘dnning drill’, racing t put 18k f equipment n in under a minute. We smetimes had t d it fur r five times and I was staggering (摇晃) by the end. It immediately imprved my fitness.” (他说：“培训占据了我三个月的生活，包括夜间课程和周六课程，涵盖了从操作泵面板到投掷梯子的所有内容。”“我们每次训练都以‘穿戴训练’开始，在一分钟内完成18k的装备。有时我们要做四五次，到最后我都摇摇晃晃的。它立即改善了我的健康状况。”)”可知，第三段描述了Miller的消防培训经历。故选B。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中““The wrst feeling is when yu get paged, shw up and yu’re the nly ne at the statin. That happened nce when I was early int my training and it was terrifying thinking I wuld have t lead the callut.” (“最糟糕的感觉是，当你被呼叫时，你是车站里唯一的一个人。我刚开始训练的时候就发生过一次这样的事，一想到我必须领导这个组织，我就觉得很可怕。”)”可知，他最糟糕的感觉是接到火警后一个人去执行任务。故选D
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中““One f the essential things in life is t feel that yur effrts have meaning and that yu are making a difference. I’ll keep ging as lng as I’m able. It gets in yur bld.” he says. (“生活中最重要的事情之一就是感觉到你的努力有意义，并且你在产生影响。只要我还能做，我就会继续下去。这已经成为我的一部分。”他说。)”可知，他继续消防志愿者工作是因为他找到了人生的目标，故选C。
C
Hllywd may have warned abut the risks f striking up relatinships with artificial intelligence in Spike Jnze’s latest feature ‘Her’. Set in the nt-t-distant future, it tells the stry f Twmbly wh finds himself falling in lve with an artificially intelligent virtual assistant persnified thrugh a female vice. But ne cmputer scientist says we may be missing a trick if we d nt accept the psitives that human-machine relatinships have t ffer.
Tny Presctt, prfessr f cgnitive rbtics at the University f Sheffield argues that AI has an imprtant rle t play in preventing human lneliness. Just as we develp meaningful bnds with pets, s shuld we be pen t the value f AI t adults, he says.
The degree f the lneliness prblem has becme clear in recent years. In the UK, mre than 79%, r nearly fur millin peple, are knwn t experience chrnic lneliness, meaning they feel lnely ften r always. Accrding t a Harvard study frm 2021, mre than a third f Americans feel serius lneliness, and sme f the wrst- affected are yung adults and mthers with small children.
The knck-n effects n wellbeing are als better understd. Lneliness is linked t mre heart disease, dementia, strke, depressin, anxiety and premature death, with an impact n mrtality (死亡率) equal t smking up t 15 cigarettes a day. Failure t address the prblem, wuld see the wrld cntinuing t splinter until we can n lnger stand as a cmmunity.
Whether AI can, r shuld, be part f the slutin is nt a new debate. Murali Draiswamy, prfessr f psychiatry and medicine at Duke University in Nrth Carlina, said: “Right nw, all the evidence pints t having a clse human friend as the best slutin fr lneliness. But until sciety priritizes scial cnnectedness, rbts are a slutin fr the millins f peple wh have n friends.” “We need t be careful t build in rules t ensure they are mral and trustwrthy, and that privacy is prtected.”
28. What des Spike Jnze’s Her fcus n?
A. Pets well-beings. B. Effects f Lneliness.
C. AI’s persnalized service. D. Human-machine relatinships.
29. Why des the authr cite the numbers in paragraph 3?
A. T direct peple’s attentin t lneliness.
B. T stress the gravity r lneliness in the wrld.
C. T cmpare lneliness cases in the UK and USA.
D. T clarify peple’s miscnceptin abut lneliness.
30. What des the underlined wrd “splinter” in paragraph 4 mean?
A. Unite. B. Expand. C. Divide. D. Advance.
31. What des Draiswamy think f turning t Al fr cmpany?
A. It is highly debatable. B. It is nt theretically based.
C. It takes lnger time t see its effect. D. It is wrkable but needs mre guidance.
【答案】28. D 29. B 30. C 31. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了人工智能与人类关系的话题，通过引用电影《她》的情节引出话题，并介绍了专家对于人工智能在缓解人类孤独感方面所起作用的观点。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Hllywd may have warned abut the risks f striking up relatinships with artificial intelligence in Spike Jnze’s latest feature ‘Her’. Set in the nt-t-distant future, it tells the stry f Twmbly wh finds himself falling in lve with an artificially intelligent virtual assistant persnified thrugh a female vice. (好莱坞可能已经在斯派克·琼斯的最新电影《她》中警告过与人工智能建立关系的风险。故事设定在不远的未来，讲述了Twmbly发现自己爱上了一个通过女性声音拟人化的人工智能虚拟助手的故事)”可知，Spike Jnze的电影《她》关注的是人与机器之间的关系。故选D项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“The degree f the lneliness prblem has becme clear in recent years. In the UK, mre than 79%, r nearly fur millin peple, are knwn t experience chrnic lneliness, meaning they feel lnely ften r always. Accrding t a Harvard study frm 2021, mre than a third f Americans feel serius lneliness, and sme f the wrst-affected are yung adults and mthers with small children. (近年来，孤独问题的程度已经变得清晰。在英国，已知有超过79%，即近400万人经历着长期的孤独，这意味着他们经常或总是感到孤独。根据哈佛大学2021年的一项研究，超过三分之一的美国人感到严重的孤独，其中受影响最严重的是年轻人和有小孩的母亲)”可知，作者在第三段中引用数字是为了强调世界上孤独问题的严重性。故选B项。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Lneliness is linked t mre heart disease, dementia, strke, depressin, anxiety and premature death, with an impact n mrtality (死亡率) equal t smking up t 15 cigarettes a day. (孤独与更多的心脏病、痴呆、中风、抑郁、焦虑和早逝有关，对死亡率的影响相当于每天吸多达15支烟)”可知，孤独会导致死亡。结合画线词所在句中“Failure t address the prblem (未能解决这个问题)”和“until we can n lnger stand as a cmmunity.(直到我们无法再作为一个社区而存在)”可推知，如不解决孤独问题，死亡问题将导致世界继续分裂，直到我们无法再作为一个社区存在。故画线词意思是“分裂”，与divide意思相近。故选C项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中Draiswamy的话“Right nw, all the evidence pints t having a clse human friend as the best slutin fr lneliness. But until sciety priritizes scial cnnectedness, rbts are a slutin fr the millins f peple wh have n friends.(目前，所有的证据都表明，有一个亲密的人类朋友是解决孤独问题的最好办法。但在社会把社交联系放在首位之前，机器人是数百万没有朋友的人的解决方案)”和“We need t be careful t build in rules t ensure they are mral and trustwrthy, and that privacy is prtected.(我们需要小心制定规则，确保它们是道德的、值得信赖的，并且隐私得到保护)”可知，Draiswamy认为转向人工智能作为陪伴是可行的，但需要更多的指导来确保其道德、可信赖以及隐私保护。故选D项。
D
The restrative effect f a gd night’s nest is widely recgnized and the ppular scientific explanatin has been that the brain washes ur txins (毒素) during sleep. Hwever, new findings suggest this thery, which has becme a dminant view in neurscience, culd be wrng. The study fund that the clearance and mvement f fluid in the brains f mice was, in fact, markedly reduced during sleep.
In the latest study, researchers used a flurescent dye t study the brains f mice. This allwed them t see hw quickly the dye mved frm fluid filled spaces, called the ventricles, t ther brain regins and enabled them t measure the rate f clearance f the dye frm the brain directly. The study shwed that the clearance f the dye was reduced by abut 30% in sleeping mice, cmpared with mice that were kept awake.
The findings have relevance fr dementia (痴呆) research due t the increasing evidence f a link between pr sleep and Alzheimer’s risk. It has nt been clear whether lack f sleep might cause Alzheimer’s, r whether it is simply an early symptm. Sme had hypthesized (假设) that withut enugh sleep, the brain may nt be able t clear txins effectively, but the latest research raises dubts abut the reasnability f this explanatin.
Disrupted sleep is a cmmn symptm experienced by peple living with dementia. Hwever, scientists still d nt knw it this is a cnsequence r a driving factr in the disease prgressin. It may well be that having gd sleep des help t reduce dementia risk fr reasns ther than clearing txins.
“The field has been s fcused n the clearance idea as ne f the key reasns why we sleep, and we were f curse very surprised t bserve the ppsite in ur results,” said Prf Bill Wisden, c-lead authr f the study. “Our study has shwn that brain clearance is highly efficient during the waking state. In general, being awake, active and exercising may mre efficiently clean the brain f txins.”
32. What did the new research fcus n?
A. Brain’s waste-remval ability. B. The pattern f mice’s mvement.
C. The benefits f a gd night’s rest.D. Brain’s sleep-wake cycle disrders.
33. What des paragraph 2 fcus n?
A. The fact-finding prcess. B. The research implicatins.
C. The theretical basis f the study.D. The elements f the research design.
34. It can be learnt frm the text that ________.
A. clearing txins is a key/reasn fr sleepingB. lack f sleep is a symptm f Alzheimer’s
C. enugh sleep helps clear txins effectivelyD. gd sleep is likely t reduce dementia risk
35. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A. Lack f sleep is a hidden health crisis B. Sleep desn’t help brain wash ut txins
C. A gd night’s sleep culd cut dementia riskD. Disrupted sleep patterns can lead t dementia
【答案】32. A 33. A 34. D 35. B
【语篇解读】本文体裁为说明文。文章主要介绍了关于睡眠期间大脑功能的新研究发现，特别是关于大脑是否在睡眠期间清除毒素的争议。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第一段中“The restrative effect f a gd night’s nest is widely recgnized and the ppular scientific explanatin has been that the brain washes ur txins (毒素) during sleep. Hwever, new findings suggest this thery, which has becme a dminant view in neurscience, culd be wrng. The study fund that the clearance and mvement f fluid in the brains f mice was, in fact, markedly reduced during sleep. (睡个好觉的恢复作用得到了广泛的认可，流行的科学解释是，大脑在睡眠时洗掉了我们的毒素。然而，新的发现表明，这个已经成为神经科学主流观点的理论可能是错误的。研究发现，事实上，老鼠大脑中液体的清除和运动在睡眠期间明显减少。)”和第二段“In the latest study, researchers used a flurescent dye t study the brains f mice. This allwed them t see hw quickly the dye mved frm fluid filled spaces, called the ventricles, t ther brain regins and enabled them t measure the rate f clearance f the dye frm the brain directly. The study shwed that the clearance f the dye was reduced by abut 30% in sleeping mice, cmpared with mice that were kept awake. (在最新的研究中，研究人员使用荧光染料来研究老鼠的大脑。这使他们能够看到染料从充满液体的空间（称为心室）移动到大脑其他区域的速度有多快，并使他们能够直接测量染料从大脑中清除的速度。研究表明，与保持清醒的老鼠相比，睡着的老鼠对染料的清除减少了约30%。)”可知，新的研究关注的是大脑的废物清除能力。故选A。
【33题详解】
主旨大意题。由文章第二段“In the latest study, researchers used a flurescent dye t study the brains f mice. This allwed them t see hw quickly the dye mved frm fluid filled spaces, called the ventricles, t ther brain regins and enabled them t measure the rate f clearance f the dye frm the brain directly. The study shwed that the clearance f the dye was reduced by abut 30% in sleeping mice, cmpared with mice that were kept awake. (在最新的研究中，研究人员使用荧光染料来研究老鼠的大脑。这使他们能够看到染料从充满液体的空间（称为心室）移动到大脑其他区域的速度有多快，并使他们能够直接测量染料从大脑中清除的速度。研究表明，与保持清醒的老鼠相比，睡着的老鼠对染料的清除减少了约30%。)”可知，第二段主要介绍了事实发现的过程。故选A。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第四段“It may well be that having gd sleep des help t reduce dementia risk fr reasns ther than clearing txins. (这很可能是因为良好的睡眠确实有助于降低痴呆症的风险，而不是清除毒素。)”可知，良好的睡眠可能会降低痴呆的风险。故选D。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“Hwever, new findings suggest this thery, which has becme a dminant view in neurscience, culd be wrng. The study fund that the clearance and mvement f fluid in the brains f mice was, in fact, markedly reduced during sleep. (然而，新的发现表明，这个已经成为神经科学主流观点的理论可能是错误的。研究发现，事实上，老鼠大脑中液体的清除和运动在睡眠期间明显减少。)”可知，文章主要讲述了新的研究发现睡眠期间大脑不会清除毒素，与以往的观点相反。因此，B选项“Sleep desn’t help brain wash ut txins (睡眠不能帮助大脑清除毒素)”符合题意。故选B。
第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。
Frm cnvincing a ptential new client t sharing yur knwledge with yur peers, presenting helps yu get key ideas acrss t a large audience. ___36___ If yu’re lking t get started in develping effective presentatin skills, these handy tips will allw yu t imprve yur presentatins.
Speak freely
___37___ T make the presentatin as lively and enjyable as pssible, yu shuld avid reading at ff. Speak freely, slwly, and clearly. If yu are nt yet cnfident in what yu are presenting, try using nte cards. But keep in mind: N cntinuus text, but nly shrt, cncise bullet pints!
Be cnfident
By appearing self- cnfident, yu cnvey t the listener that yu are cnfident in yur tpic and have prepared yurself sufficiently. ___38___ Anther tip fr advanced speakers: Step ut in frnt f the pdium and walk arund the rm and get clser t the audience. This als exudes (散发) self-cnfidence and helps in attracting yur audience’s attentin.
Engage with the audience
Always try t keep the attentin f yur audience and keep them engaged during a presentatin. One way t d this is t ask questins. Deliberately ask “easy” questins s that can easily be answered by yur audience. Anther way t invlve the audience in yur presentatin is by interacting with them. T make a pint clearer, yu can use an example t explain it in mre detail, using a persn. ___39___
Speak the language f the audience
When creating yur presentatin, yu shuld already think abut yur target audience. It is ne f the mst useful tls in a presenter’s tọlbx. It is especially imprtant that yu speak the language f the audience. ___40___ If yu have t use freign wrds, explain them in a handut r ftnte within the presentatin.
A. The headline speaks fr itself.
B. A jke r tw can keep them interested
C. T much infrmatin is wrse than t little.
D. Try t relax and nt appear t stressed r nervus.
E. Hwever, hw yu deliver that infrmatin is imprtant.
F. Yu can address participants directly and refer t their wrk.
G. Use meaningful wrds in shrt sentences t avid lsing the audience.
【答案】36. E 37. A 38. D 39. F 40. G
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了做有效演讲时需要掌握的一些实用技巧，如自由表达、自信表达、与听众互动以及使用听众能理解的语言等。
【36题详解】
上文“Frm cnvincing a ptential new client t sharing yur knwledge with yur peers, presenting helps yu get key ideas acrss t a large audience.(从说服一个潜在的新客户到与你的同行分享你的知识，演讲可以帮助你将关键思想传达给大量的听众)”讲述了演讲的重要性，即可以帮助将关键思想传达给大量听众。E选项“Hwever, hw yu deliver that infrmatin is imprtant.(然而，你如何传递这些信息很重要)”与上文构成转折关系，指出虽然演讲可以传递信息，但是传递信息的方式也很重要，引出下文关于如何做有效演讲的建议，上下文语意衔接自然。故选E项。
【37题详解】
本段小标题为“Speak freely (自由演讲)”。A选项“The headline speaks fr itself. (标题不言而喻)”强调小标题的字面意义，同时引出下文“T make the presentatin as lively and enjyable as pssible, yu shuld avid reading at ff. Speak freely, slwly, and clearly.(为了使演讲尽可能生动有趣，你应该避免读稿。自由地、缓慢地、清晰地说话)”对“Speak freely”的阐述，上下文语意连贯。故选A项。
【38题详解】
上文“By appearing self-cnfident, yu cnvey t the listener that yu are cnfident in yur tpic and have prepared yurself sufficiently.(通过表现出自信，你向听众传达出你对自己的主题有信心，并且已经做了充分的准备)”建议要表现出自信，D选项“Try t relax and nt appear t stressed r nervus.(尽量放松，不要显得太紧张或焦虑)”承接上文，进一步给出放松、不紧张的建议，以表现出自信，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。
【39题详解】
上文“Anther way t invlve the audience in yur presentatin is by interacting with them. T make a pint clearer, yu can use an example t explain it in mre detail, using a persn.(让观众参与到你的陈述中的另一种方式是与他们互动)”提出要与观众互动，F选项“Yu can address participants directly and refer t their wrk.(你可以直接称呼参与者，并提及他们的工作)”具体说明了如何与观众互动，即直接称呼他们并提及他们的工作，这样可以让观众感到更被关注和参与感。故选F项。
【40题详解】
上文“It is especially imprtant that yu speak the language f the audience.(特别重要的是，你要说观众能听懂的语言)”强调要用观众能听懂的语言，G选项“Use meaningful wrds in shrt sentences t avid lsing the audience.(使用简短的句子和有意义的词汇来避免失去观众)”承接上文，具体说明了如何使用观众能听懂的语言，即使用简短的句子和有意义的词汇，以避免失去观众的注意力，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
After graduatin, I started as a sftware develper at an IT. The great thing abut my jb is that I can chse my wn wrking ___41___. I use my time travelling n the train t wrk, s the jb fits quite well with my ___42___.
My typical day invlves ___43___ a city between 6 a.m. and 8 a.m. n an vernight InterCity Express train. I’ll g t the railway cmpany’s guest lunge (休息大厅) and ___44___ breakfast. I’ll then have a quick wash in the bathrm, r g t the lcal swimming pl t ___45___.
I have s many new experiences; life is extremely ___46___ and every day is different. I ___47___ have much mre cntact with friends than ever befre, and als have interesting ___48___ with ther travellers n the train. I feel anything but ___49___.
Afterwards, I lk at the day’s train departures and chse a ____50____. Even thugh I live n trains, I spend a lt f time explring the ____51____. During the day, I might g hiking in the muntains r g t the beach. It depends n the ____52____. I lve hiking in the Alps, especially when it is warm, and ____53____ new cities.
Living n the train means I have t d withut sme things that I used t take fr granted. I dn’t have ____54____. I have als had t reduce my ____55____ s that everything I wn fits int a 30-litre backpack. But the advantages utweigh the disadvantages.
41. A. mates B. ffices C. hurs D. lads
42. A. lifestyle B. teamwrk C. health D. majr
43. A. heading fr B. passing by C. picking up D. arriving int
44. A. make B. eat C. sell D. cllect
45. A. sleep B. cach C. chat D. shwer
46. A. tugh B. varied C. dull D. busy
47. A. hpelessly B. cautiusly C. actually D. dubtfully
48. A. cnversatins B. respnsibilities C. innvatins D. arrangements
49. A. jyful B. lnely C. friendly D. fruitful
50. A. seatmate B. business C. destinatin D. timetable
51. A. utdrs B. cllectins C. histry D. architecture
52. A. budget B. weather C. time D. md
53. A. designing B. recrding C. building D. explring
54. A. privacy B. freedm C. ambitin D. directin
55. A. waste B. diet C. csts D. pssessins
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. D 46. B 47. C 48. A 49. B 50. C 51. A 52. B 53. D 54. A 55. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名软件开发人员，在火车上工作的生活方式。他选择自己的工作时间，享受多种新体验，结交朋友，并减少了私人物品以适应这种新生活，尽管失去了一些便利，但总体上利大于弊。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我工作的好处是，我可以选择自己的工作时间。A. mates伙伴；B. ffices办公室；C. hurs时间，小时；D. lads负担，装载量。根据后文“I use my time travelling n the train t wrk”可知，作者可以选择自己的工作时间，利用在火车上的时间上班。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我利用在火车上的时间上班，所以这份工作很适合我的生活方式。A. lifestyle生活方式；B. teamwrk团队合作；C. health健康；D. majr专业。根据前文“I use my time travelling n the train t wrk”可知，作者的工作时间很自由，可以在火车上工作，因此这份工作很适合作者的生活方式。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的一天通常包括乘坐一夜的城际特快列车在早晨6点到8点之间到达一个城市。A. heading fr前往；B. passing by经过；C. picking up捡起；D. arriving int到达。根据后文“a city between 6 a.m. and 8 a.m. n an vernight InterCity Express train. I’ll g t the railway cmpany’s guest lunge (休息大厅) and breakfast. I’ll then have a quick wash in the bathrm, r g t the lcal swimming pl t”可知，作者乘坐通宵的城际特快列车到达一个城市，后文描述了作者到达后所做的事情。故选D。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会去铁路公司的休息室吃早餐。A. make制作；B. eat吃；C. sell卖；D. cllect收集。根据前文“My typical day invlves 3 a city between 6 a.m. and 8 a.m. n an vernight InterCity Express train. I’ll g t the railway cmpany’s guest lunge”和后文“breakfast”可知，作者早晨到达一个城市，去铁路公司的休息室吃早餐。故选B。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我会在浴室里快速洗漱，或者去当地的游泳池洗澡。A. sleep睡觉；B. cach训练；C. chat聊天；D. shwer洗澡。根据前文“g t the lcal swimming pl t”可知，此处表示去当地的游泳池洗澡。故选D。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我有很多新的经历，生活极其丰富多彩，每一天都不同。A. tugh艰难的；B. varied多样的，多变的；丰富多彩的；C. dull单调的；D. busy忙碌的。根据后文“every day is different”可知，作者的生活丰富多彩。故选B。
【47题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我实际上比以前有更多的机会与朋友接触，并且在火车上与其他旅行者进行有趣的交谈。A. hpelessly绝望地；B. cautiusly谨慎地；C. actually实际上；D. dubtfully怀疑地。根据后文“have much mre cntact with friends than ever befre”可知，作者实际上比以前有更多的机会与朋友接触。故选C。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我实际上比以前有更多的机会与朋友接触，并且在火车上与其他旅行者进行有趣的交谈。A. cnversatins交谈；B. respnsibilities责任；C. innvatins创新；D. arrangements安排。根据后文“with ther travellers n the train”可知，作者不仅在现实中与朋友接触，还在火车上与其他旅行者进行交谈。故选A。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感觉到除了孤独以外的任何东西。A. jyful快乐的；B. lnely孤独的；C. friendly友好的；D. fruitful多产的。根据前文“have much mre cntact with friends than ever befre,”可知，作者有很多新的经历，比以前有更多的机会与朋友接触，并且在火车上与其他旅行者进行有趣的交谈，因此不会感到孤独。故选B。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，我看看当天的火车发车时间，选择一个目的地。A. seatmate同座乘客；B. business生意；C. destinatin目的地；D. timetable时间表。根据前文“Afterwards, I lk at the day’s train departures and chse a”可知，作者会看看当天的火车发车时间，选择一个目的地。故选C。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管我住在火车上，但我花了很多时间探索户外。A. utdrs户外；B. cllectins收藏品；C. histry历史；D. architecture建筑。根据后文“During the day, I might g hiking in the muntains r g t the beach.”可知，作者会花很多时间探索户外。故选A。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这取决于天气。A. budget预算；B. weather天气；C. time时间；D. md心情。根据前文“During the day, I might g hiking in the muntains r g t the beach”可知，作者白天可能会去爬山或去海滩，这取决于天气。故选B。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢在阿尔卑斯山徒步旅行，尤其是天气暖和的时候，以及探索新的城市。A. designing设计；B. recrding记录；C. building建造；D. explring探索。根据后文“new cities”可知，作者旅行时喜欢探索新的城市。故选D。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有隐私。A. privacy隐私；B. freedm自由；C. ambitin野心；D. directin方向。根据前文“Living n the train means I have t d withut sme things that I used t take fr granted. I dn’t have”可知，住在火车上意味着作者不得不放弃一些他曾经认为理所当然的事情，包括隐私。故选A。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还不得不减少我的财产，以便把我所有的东西都装进一个30升的背包里。A. waste浪费；B. diet饮食；C. csts费用；D. pssessins财产、所有物。根据后文“s that everything I wn fits int a 30-litre backpack”可知，作者不得不减少他的财产，以便把所有东西都装进一个30升的背包里。故选D。
第二节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sayram Lake lies n the nrthern slpe f the Tianshan Muntains. Althugh it is less than ne fifth the size f Taihu Lake in East China, its water vlume is five times ___56___ (great). Standing by the lake, ne can hardly tell the lake frm the sky, fr the blue sky ___57___ (reflect) n the calm lake surface, while the sky in ___58___ distance resembles a bdy f calm water. Sayram lake shre area is als hme t abundant cultural remains ___59___ (leave) by ancestral inhabitants.
The scenic area was thus established t preserve the lake’s charms. It is easy ___60___ (access) fr travelers. This turist destinatin is recmmended as an additin ___61___ yur west-rute travel plan, and is best visited in June and July — the high summer ___62___ the thick ice n the lake is thawed (解冻) and wild flwers dminate the surrunding grassland.
The scenic area’s management cmmittee ___63___ (make) great effrts ver the past decade t imprve the lake’s water quality and prtect the area’s bilgical diversity. Tday, Sayram Lake attracts travelers back hme but als ___64___ (glbal). Statistics reveal that the average number f daily ___65___ (visit) t the Sayram Lake scenic area has exceeded 20, 000 since July this year.
【答案】56. greater 57. is reflected 58. the 59. left 60. t access 61. t 62. when 63. has made 64. glbally 65. visitrs
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，通过详细的信息和描述，向读者介绍了赛里木湖的自然美景、文化价值和旅游吸引力。
【56题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：虽然它的面积不到中国东部太湖的五分之一，但其水量是太湖的五倍。本句比较赛里木湖和太湖的水量大小，需要用great的比较级greater“更大的，更多的”。本句为倍数表达法：A+be+倍数+比较级+than+B。故填greater。
【57题详解】
考查动词的时态和语态。句意：站在湖边，几乎分不清湖面和天空，因为蓝色的天空反射在平静的湖面上，而远处的天空就像一片平静的水面。本空为fr引导的原因状语从句的谓语，本句描述的是一般事实，句子时态用一般现在时，主语是the blue sky与reflect“反射”为被动关系，因此用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is reflected。
【58题详解】
考查冠词。句意：站在湖边，几乎分不清湖面和天空，因为蓝色的天空反射在平静的湖面上，而远处的天空就像一片平静的水面。本空用定冠词the，in the distance“在远处”为固定短语。故填the。
【59题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：赛里木湖岸地区也是祖先居民留下的丰富文化遗迹的所在地。本句谓语为is，此处为非谓语动词，且remains与leave“留下”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填left。
【60题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：游客很容易到达。本句谓语为is，此处为非谓语动词，be easy t d sth.“很容易做某事”，本空用access“到达”的不定式。故填t access。
【61题详解】
考查介词。句意：这个旅游目的地建议作为您西线旅行计划的补充，最佳游览时间是六月和七月——盛夏时节，湖上的厚冰已经融化，野花盛开在周围的草地上。an additin t sth.为固定搭配，表示“对某事物的补充”，其中t为介词。故填t。
【62题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这个旅游目的地建议作为您西线旅行计划的补充，最佳游览时间是六月和七月——盛夏时节，湖上的厚冰已经融化，野花盛开在周围的草地上。先行词为the high summer，在定语从句中作时间状语，关系副词为when。故填when。
【63题详解】
考查时态。句意：过去十年里，风景区管理委员会一直在努力改善湖泊水质和保护地区的生物多样性。make great effrts“努力，尽力”。根据ver the past decade可知，make这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，句子时态应用现在完成时，又因主语The scenic area’s management cmmittee是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has。故填has made。
【64题详解】
考查副词。句意：如今，赛里木湖不仅吸引国内游客，也吸引全球游客。本空用副词glbally“全球地”，修饰动词attracts，作状语。故填glbally。
【65题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：统计数据显示，自今年七月以来，赛里木湖风景区的日均游客数量已超过20,000人。游客不止一个，应用名词visitr“游客”的复数形式。the number f后接名词复数。故填visitrs。
第四部分 写作 (共两节；满分 40 分)
第一节 (满分 15 分)
66. 假定你是李华，国庆期间你和同学们去远足。请你给英国朋友 Chris写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括：
(1)远足过程；
(2)你的感想。
注意：
(1)写作词数应为80个左右；
(2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris,
I’m writing t share with yu a hiking experience I engaged in with my classmates during the Natinal Hlidays.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Chris,
I’m writing t share with yu a hiking experience I engaged in with my classmates during the Natinal Hlidays.
We started ur hike early, with the sun just rising. The air was fresh and cl. We walked thrugh green frests and climbed up hills. The views were amazing, s we tk lts f pictures. While walking, we talked and shared snacks, having a great time tgether. The path was smetimes tugh, but we helped each ther and kept ging. When we reached the tp, we saw an incredible view that made all ur effrts wrthwhile.
This hike made ur friendship strnger and shwed me hw beautiful nature is. It was a fantastic adventure!
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节 (满分 25 分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I used t be a bkish student and teachers lved me a lt, because I always made them prud, getting full marks in tests. When I entered Berkeley, I hped t earn a schlarship. Having been a straight-A student in the high schl, I believed I culd take tugh subjects and really learn smething in the university. One such curse was Wrld Literature given by Prfessr Prndzinski, wh was strict with his students as well as in his wrk.
On the first day, Prfessr Prndzinski std at the frnt f the classrm and intrduced himself as the class sat silently. He then talked abut the parts f the class that we wuld struggle with. That was definitely nt hw any ther teacher started their intrductin. With that being said, many students drpped the class because it seemed t difficult. That was exactly what Prfessr Prndzinski wanted, the best students in his class.
I had never seen a teacher want his students t succeed in the way that he did. Prfessr Prndzinski had the ability t engage every single student and push them t their full ptential. He always said in class, “yu alne must set yur wn standard f excellence.” I didn’t knw what that meant because schl had always been easy fr me.
Then came the first test. I decided I’d have fun with it. The night befre the test, I even treated myself t a mvie. Hwever, the next day, I was ttally shcked when I fund a 77, C-plus, n my test paper! English was my best subject and I had never failed in it. I went t Prfessr Prndzinski, wh listened t my arguments but remained unmved. There was ne mre test befre I finally gt my curse grade. Because f this C- plus. I might as well kiss the schlarship gdbye.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I realized it was the last chance t imprve my curse grade.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next day, I was surprised t find I gt an A and I hurried int Prfessr Prndzinski’s ffice.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
I realized it was the last chance t imprve my curse grade. Determinatin filled my heart as I cmmitted t understanding the material thrughly. I started t apprach study sessins with a sense f curisity, diving deep int the themes f Wrld Literature. Instead f merely memrizing infrmatin, I engaged with the texts and participated actively in class discussins. This time, I treated every lecture as an pprtunity t learn, taking detailed ntes and asking questins when needed. Cnsequently, my cnfidence grew, and I felt better equipped fr the upcming test. The final exam lmed, and unlike befre, I spent the night revising diligently and ensuring a gd rest.
The next day, I was surprised t find I gt an A and I hurried int Prfessr Prndzinski’s ffice. A wave f relief and jy swept ver me as Prfessr Prndzinski grinned knwingly. “I see yu’ve set a new standard fr yurself,” he cmmented, his eyes twinkling with apprval. His teaching had taught me t appreciate the value f genuine learning and self-set excellence. My hard wrk paid ff nt nly with a gd grade but a renewed perspective n educatin. That lessn stayed with me beynd the classrm.