考点3 阅读理解 社会类—五年（2020—2024年）高考英语真题专项分类汇编(含答案)

这是一份考点3 阅读理解 社会类—五年（2020—2024年）高考英语真题专项分类汇编(含答案)，共15页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
HABITAT RESTORATION TEAM
Help restre and prtect Marin's natural areas frm the Marin Headlands t Blinas Ridge. We'll explre beautiful park sites while cnducting invasive(侵入的) plant remval, winter planting, and seed cllectin. Habitat Restratin Team vlunteers play a vital rle in restring sensitive resurces and prtecting endangered species acrss the ridges and valleys.
GROUPS
Grups f five r mre require special arrangements and must be cnfirmed in advance. Please review the List f Available Prjects and fill ut the Grup Prject Request Frm.
AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING
Vlunteers aged 10 and ver are welcme. Read ur Yuth Plicy Guidelines fr yuth under the age f 15.
Bring yur cmpleted Vlunteer Agreement Frm. Vlunteers under the age f 18 must have the parent/guardian apprval sectin signed.
We'll be wrking rain r shine. Wear clthes that can get dirty. Bring layers fr changing weather and a raincat if necessary.
Bring a persnal water bttle, sunscreen, and lunch.
N experience necessary. Training and tls will be prvided. Fulfills(满足) cmmunity service requirements.
UPCOMING EVENTS
1．What is the aim f the Habitat Restratin Team?
A. T discver mineral resurces.B. T develp new wildlife parks.
C. T prtect the lcal ecsystem.D. T cnduct bilgical research.
2．What is the lwer age limit fr jining the Habitat Restratin Team?
A. 5.B. 10.C. 15.D. 18.
3．What are the vlunteers expected t d?
A. Bring their wn tls.B. Wrk even in bad weather.
C. Wear a team unifrm.D. D at least three prjects.
On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galtn published a paper which illustrated what has cme t be knwn as the "wisdm f crwds" effect. The experiment f estimatin he cnducted shwed that in sme cases, the average f a large number f independent estimates culd be quite accurate.
This effect capitalizes n the fact that when peple make errrs, thse errrs aren't always the same. Sme peple will tend t verestimate, and sme t underestimate. When enugh f these errrs are averaged tgether, they cancel each ther ut, resulting in a mre accurate estimate. If peple are similar and tend t make the same errrs, then their errrs wn't cancel each ther ut. In mre technical terms, the wisdm f crwds requires that peple's estimates be independent. If fr whatever reasns, peple's errrs becme crrelated r dependent, the accuracy f the estimate will g dwn.
But a new study led by Jaquin Navajas ffered an interesting twist(转折) n this classic phenmenn. The key finding f the study was that when crwds were further divided int smaller grups that were allwed t have a discussin, the averages frm these grups were mre accurate than thse frm an equal number f independent individuals. Fr instance, the average btained frm the estimates f fur discussin grups f five was significantly mre accurate than the average btained frm 20 independent individuals.
In a fllw-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried t get a better sense f what the grup members actually did in their discussin. Did they tend t g with thse mst cnfident abut their estimates? Did they fllw thse least willing t change their minds? This happened sme f the time, but it wasn't the dminant respnse. Mst frequently, the grups reprted that they "shared arguments and reasned tgether." Smehw, these arguments and reasning resulted in a glbal reductin in errr.
Althugh the studies led by Navajas have limitatins and many questins remain, the ptential implicatins fr grup discussin and decisin-making are enrmus.
4．What is paragraph 2 f the text mainly abut?
A. The methds f estimatin.B. The underlying lgic f the effect.
C. The causes f peple's errrs.D. The design f Galtn's experiment.
5．Navajas' study fund that the average accuracy culd increase even if ________.
A. the crwds were relatively smallB. there were ccasinal underestimates
C. individuals did nt cmmunicateD. estimates were nt fully independent
6．What did the fllw-up study fcus n?
A. The size f the grups.B. The dminant members.
C. The discussin prcess.D. The individual estimates.
7．What is the authr's attitude tward Navajas' studies?
A. Unclear.B. Dismissive.C. Dubtful.D. Apprving.
Over the last seven years, mst states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range f methds t persuade peple t put dwn their phnes when they are behind the wheel.
Yet the prblem, by just abut any measure, appears t be getting wrse. Americans are still texting while driving, as well as using scial netwrks and taking phts. Rad accidents, which had fallen fr years, are nw rising sharply.
That is partly because peple are driving mre, but Mark Rsekind, the chief f the Natinal Highway Traffic Safety Administratin, said distracted(分心) driving was "nly increasing, unfrtunately."
"Big change requires big ideas." he said in a speech last mnth, referring bradly t the need t imprve rad safety. S t try t change a distinctly mdern behavir, lawmakers and public health experts are reaching back t an ld apprach: They want t treat distracted driving like drunk driving.
An idea frm lawmakers in New Yrk is t give plice fficers a new device called the Textalyzer. It wuld wrk like this: An fficer arriving at the scene f a crash culd ask fr the phnes f the drivers and use the Textalyzer t check in the perating system fr recent activity. The technlgy culd determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed r dne anything else that is nt allwed under New Yrk's hands-free driving laws.
"We need smething n the bks that can change peple's behavir," said Félix W. Ortiz, wh pushed fr the state's 2001 ban n hand-held devices by drivers. If the Textalyzer bill becmes law, he said, "peple are ging t be mre afraid t put their hands n the cell phne."
8．Which f the fllwing best describes the ban n drivers' texting in the US?
A.Ineffective.B.Unnecessary.C.Incnsistent.D.Unfair.
9．What can the Textalyzer help a plice fficer find ut?
A.Where a driver came frm.B.Whether a driver used their phne.
C.Hw fast a driver was ging.D.When a driver arrived at the scene.
10．What des the underlined wrd "smething" in the last paragraph refer t?
A.Advice.B.Data.C.Tests.D.Laws.
11．What is a suitable title fr the text?
A.T Drive r Nt t Drive? Think Befre Yu Start
B.Texting and Driving? Watch Out fr the Textalyzer
C.New Yrk Banning Hand—Held Devices by Drivers
D.The Next Generatin Cell Phne: The Textalyzer
Like mst f us, I try t be mindful f fd that ges t waste. The arugula(芝麻菜) was t make a nice green salad, runding ut a rast chicken dinner. But I ended up wrking late. Then friends called with a dinner invitatin. I stuck the chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even wrse, I had unthinkingly bught way t much; I culd have made six salads with what I threw ut.
In a wrld where nearly 800 millin peple a year g hungry, "fd waste ges against the mral grain," as Elizabeth Ryte writes in this mnth's cver stry. It's jaw-drpping hw much perfectly gd fd is thrwn away—frm "ugly" (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grcers t large amunts f uneaten dishes thrwn int restaurant garbage cans.
Prducing fd that n ne eats wastes the water, fuel, and ther resurces used t grw it. That makes fd waste an envirnmental prblem. In fact, Ryte wits, "if fd waste were a cuntry, it wuld be the third largest prducer f greenhuse gases in the wrld."
If that's hard t understand, let's keep it as simple as the arugula at the back f my refrigeratr. Mike Curtin sees my arugula stry all the time—but fr him, it's mre like 12 bxes f dnated strawberries nearing their last days. Curtin is CEO f DC Central Kitchen in Washingtn, D.C., Which recvers fd and turns it int healthy meals. Last year it recvered mre than 807,500 punds f fd by taking dnatins and cllecting blemished(有瑕疵的) prduce that therwise wuld have rtted in fields. And the strawberries? Vlunteers will wash, cut, and freeze r dry them fr use in meals dwn the rad.
Such methds seem bvius, yet s ften we just dn't think. "Everyne can play a part in reducing waste, whether by nt purchasing mre fd than necessary in yur weekly shpping r by asking restaurants t nt include the side dish yu wn't eat." Curtin says.
12．What des the authr want t shw by telling the arugula stry?
A. We pay little attentin t fd waste.
B. We waste fd unintentinally at times.
C. We waste mre vegetables than meat.
D. We have gd reasns fr wasting fd.
13．What is a cnsequence f fd waste accrding t the text?
A. Mral decline. B. Envirnmental harm.
C. Energy shrtage. D. Wrldwide starvatin.
14．What des Curtin's cmpany d?
A. It prduces kitchen equipment. B. It turns rtten arugula int clean fuel.
C. It helps lcal farmers grw fruits. D. It makes meals ut f unwanted fd.
15．What des Curtin suggest peple d?
A. Buy nly what is needed. B. Reduce fd cnsumptin.
C. G shpping nce a week. D. Eat in restaurants less ften.
Is cmprehensin the same whether a persn reads a text nscreen r n paper? And are listening t and viewing cntent as effective as reading the written wrd when cvering the same material? The answers t bth questins are ften "n". The reasns relate t a variety f factrs, including reduced cncentratin, an entertainment mindset (心态) and a tendency t multitask while cnsuming digital cntent.
When reading texts f several hundred wrds r mre, learning is generally mre successful when it's n paper than nscreen. A large amunt f research cnfirms this finding. The benefits f print reading particularly shine thrugh when experimenters mve frm psing simple tasks—like identifying the main idea in a reading passage-t nes that require mental abstractin—such as drawing inferences frm a text.
The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related t paper's physical prperties. With paper, there is a literal laying n f hands, alng with the visual gegraphy f distinct pages. Peple ften link their memry f what they've read t hw far int the bk it was r where it was n the page.
But equally imprtant is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have prpsed a thery called "shallwing hypthesis (假说)." Accrding t this thery, peple apprach digital texts with a mindset suited t scial media, which are ften nt s serius, and devte less mental effrt than when they are reading print.
Audi (音频) and vide can feel mre engaging than text, and s university teachers increasingly turn t these technlgies -say, assigning an nline talk instead f an article by the same persn. Hwever, psychlgists have demnstrated that when adults read news stries, they remember mre f the cntent than if they listen t r view identical pieces.
Digital texts, audi and vide all have educatinal rles, especially when prviding resurces nt available in print. Hwever, fr maximizing learning where mental fcus and reflectin are called fr, educatrs shuldn't assume all media are the same, even when they cntain identical wrds.
16．What des the underlined phrase "shine thrugh" in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Seem unlikely t last.B. Seem hard t explain.
C. Becme ready t use.D. Becme easy t ntice.
17．What des the shallwing hypthesis assume?
A. Readers treat digital texts lightly.
B. Digital texts are simpler t understand.
C. Peple select digital texts randmly.
D. Digital texts are suitable fr scial media.
18．Why are audi and vide increasingly used by university teachers?
A. They can hld students' attentin.B. They are mre cnvenient t prepаre.
C. They help develp advanced skills.D. They are mre infrmative than text.
19．What des the authr imply in the last paragraph?
A. Students shuld apply multiple learning techniques.
B. Teachers shuld prduce their wn teaching material.
C. Print texts cannt be entirely replaced in educatin.
D. Educatin utside the classrm cannt be ignred.
Turning sil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sund like tugh wrk fr middle and high schl kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramill, wh with anther teacher started Urban Spruts, a schl garden prgram at fur lw-incme schls. The prgram aims t help students develp science skills, envirnmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.
Jaramill’s students live in neighbrhds where fresh fd and green space are nt easy t find and fast fd restaurants utnumber grcery stres. “The kids literally cme t schl with bags f snacks and large bttles f sft drinks,” she says. “They cme t us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Thugh sme are initially scared f the insects and turned ff by the dirt, mst are eager t try smething new.
Urban Spruts’ classes, at tw middle schls and tw high schls, include hands-n experiments such as sil testing, flwer-and-seed dissectin, tastings f fresh r dried prduce, and wrk in the garden. Several times a year, students ck the vegetables they grw, and they ccasinally make salads fr their entire schls.
Prgram evaluatins shw that kids eat mre vegetables as a result f the classes. “We have students wh say they went hme and talked t their parents and nw they’re eating differently,” Jaramill says.
She adds that the prgram’s benefits g beynd nutritin. Sme students get s interested in gardening that they bring hme seeds t start their wn vegetable gardens. Besides, wrking in the garden seems t have a calming effect n Jaramill’s special educatin students, many f whm have emtinal cntrl issues. “They get utside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”
20．What d we knw abut Abby Jaramill?
A. She used t be a health wrker.B. She grew up in a lw-incme family.
C. She wns a fast fd restaurant.D. She is an initiatr f Urban Spruts.
21．What was a prblem facing Jaramill at the start f the prgram?
A. The kids’ parents distrusted her.B. Students had little time fr her classes.
C. Sme kids disliked garden wrk.D. There was n space fr schl gardens.
22．Which f the fllwing best describes the impact f the prgram?
A. Far-reaching.B. Predictable.C. Shrt-lived.D. Unidentifiable.
23．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Rescuing Schl GardensB. Experiencing Cuntry Life
C. Grwing Vegetable LversD. Changing Lcal Landscape
An Australian prfessr is develping a rbt t mnitr the health f grazing cattle, a develpment that culd bring big changes t a prfessin that's relied largely n a lw-tech apprach fr decades but is facing a labr shrtage.
Salah Sukkarieh, a prfessr at the University f Sydney, sees rbts as necessary given hw cattlemen are aging. He is building a fur-wheeled rbt that will run n slar and electric pwer. It will use cameras and sensrs t mnitr the animals. A cmputer system will analyze the vide t determine whether a cw is sick. Radi tags(标签) n the animals will measure temperature changes. The quality f grassland will be tracked by mnitring the shape, clr and texture(质地) f grass. That way, cattlemen will knw whether they need t mve their cattle t anther field fr nutritin purpses.
Machines have largely taken ver planting, watering and harvesting crps such as cm and wheat, but the mnitring f cattle has gne thrugh fewer changes.
Fr Texas cattleman Pete Bnds, it's increasingly difficult t find wrkers interested in watching cattle. But Bnds desn't believe a rbt is right fr the jb. Years f experience in the industry and failed attempts t use technlgy have cnvinced him that the best way t check cattle is with a man n a hrse. Bnds, wh bught his first cattle almst 50 years ag, still has each f his cwbys inspect 300 r 400 cattle daily and lk fr signs that an animal is getting sick.
Other cattlemen see mre prmise in rbts. Michael Kelsey Paris, vice president f the Oklahma Cattlemen's Assciatin, said a rbt culd be extremely useful given rising cncerns abut cattle theft. Cattle tend t be kept in remte places and their value has risen, making them appealing targets.
24．What is a prblem with the cattle-raising industry?
A.Sil pllutin.B.Lack f wrkers.C.Aging machines.D.Lw prfitability.
25．What will Sukkarieh's rbt be able t d?
A.Mnitr the quality f grass.B.Cure the diseased cattle.
C.Mve cattle t anther field.D.Predict weather changes.
26．Why des Pete Bnds still hire cwbys t watch cattle?
A.He wants t help them earn a living.
B.He thinks men can d the jb better.
C.He is inexperienced in using rbts.
D.He enjys the traditinal way f life.
27．Hw may rbts help with cattle watching accrding t Michael Kelsey?
A.Increase the value f cattle.B.Bring dwn the cst f labr.
C.Make the jb mre appealing.D.Keep cattle frm being stlen.
Given the astnishing ptential f AI t transfrm ur lives, we all need t take actin t deal with ur AI-pwered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan fr Living with Artificial Intelligence cmes in. This absrbing new bk by Catrina Campbell is a practical radmap addressing the challenges psed by the frthcming AI revlutin(变革).
In the wrng hands, such a bk culd prve as cmplicated t prcess as the cmputer cde(代码) that pwers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has mre than tw decades' prfessinal experience translating the heady int the understandable. She writes frm the practical angle f a business persn rather than as an academic, making fr a guide which is highly accessible and infrmative and which, by the clse, will make yu feel almst as smart as AI.
As we sn cme t learn frm AI by Design, AI is already super-smart and will becme mre capable, mving frm the current generatin f "narrw-AI" t Artificial General Intelligence. Frm there, Campbell says, will cme Artificial Dminant Intelligence. This is why Campbell has set ut t raise awareness f AI and its future nw—several decades befre these develpments are expected t take place. She says it is essential that we keep cntrl f artificial intelligence, r risk being sidelined and perhaps even wrse.
Campbell's pint is t wake up thse respnsible fr AI—the technlgy cmpanies and wrld leaders—s they are n the same page as all the experts currently develping it. She explains we are at a "tipping pint" in histry and must act nw t prevent an extinctin-level event fr humanity. We need t cnsider hw we want ur future with AI t pan ut. Such structured thinking, fllwed by glbal regulatin, will enable us t achieve greatness rather than ur dwnfall.
AI will affect us all, and if yu nly read ne bk n the subject, this is it.
28．What des the phrase "In the wrng hands" in paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A. If read by smene prly educated.
B. If reviewed by smene ill-intentined.
C. If written by smene less cmpetent.
D. If translated by smene unacademic.
29．What is a feature f AI by Design accrding t the text?
A. It is packed with cmplex cdes.
B. It adpts a dwn-t-earth writing style.
C. It prvides step-by-step instructins.
D. It is intended fr AI prfessinals.
30．What des Campbell urge peple t d regarding AI develpment?
A. Observe existing regulatins n it.
B. Recnsider expert pinins abut it.
C. Make jint effrts t keep it under cntrl.
D. Learn frm prir experience t slw it dwn.
31．What is the authr's purpse in writing the text?
A. T recmmend a bk n AI.B. T give a brief accunt f AI histry.
C. T clarify the definitin f AI.D. T hnr an utstanding AI expert.
参考答案
1．答案： C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段"Help restre and prtect Marin's natural areas"和"Habitat Restratin Team vlunteers play a vital rle in restring sensitive resurces and prtecting endangered species"可知，栖息地恢复团队的目标是保护当地的生态系统。故选C。
2．答案： B
解析：细节理解题。根据AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING中"Vlunteers aged 10 and ver are welcme."可知，加入栖息地恢复团队的最低年龄是10岁。故选B。
3．答案： B
解析：细节理解题。根据AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING中"We'll be wrking rain r shine. Wear clthes that can get dirty. Bring layers fr changing weather and a raincat if necessary."可知，志愿者甚至会在恶劣的天气条件下工作。故选B。
4．答案： B
解析：主旨大意题。通读第二段可知，本段解释了"群体智慧"效应的底层逻辑。故选B。
5．答案： D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段"In mre technical terms, the wisdm f crwds requires that peple's estimates be independent."和第三段"when crwds were further divided int smaller grups that were allwed t have a discussin, the averages frm these grups were mre accurate than thse frm an equal number f independent individuals"可知，Navajas的研究发现，即使团队成员的估计不是完全独立的，平均准确率依旧会提升。故选D。
6．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段"Mst frequently, the grups reprted that they 'shared arguments and reasned tgether.' Smehw, these arguments and reasning resulted in a glbal reductin in errr."可知，后续研究的重点是小组的讨论过程。故选C。
7．答案： D
解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段"Althugh the studies led by Navajas have limitatins and many questins remain, the ptential implicatins fr grup discussin and decisin-making are enrmus."可知，作者对Navajas的研究持支持态度。故选D。
8．答案：A
解析：推断。根据第一段内容可知,在过去的七年里,大多数州都禁止司机发短信,公共服务活动也尝试了多种方法来说服人们在开车时放下手机。再根据第二段第一句"Yet the be getting wrse"可知,虽然几乎使用了各种各样的方法,但是情况却似乎越来越糟糕了。所以这些方法是无效的。故选A项。
9．答案：B
解析：理解具体信息。根据第五段最后一句"The technlgy driving laws"可知,这项技术可以确定司机是否发了短信、发了邮件,或者做了纽约免提驾驶法不允许的其他事情。由此可知, Textalyzer能够帮警官确定司机是否使用了手机。故选B项。
10．答案：D
解析：理解词汇。根据最后一段的最后一句可知,如果Textalyzer法案成为法律,人们将更害怕从而不敢在开车时使用手机,即人们将改变自己的行为。由此可推知, smething在此处指代的是法律。故选D项。A项"建议"、B项"数据"、C项"考试"都与原文的逻辑违背。
11．答案：B
解析：理解文章主旨要义。综观全文内容可知,本文主要讲了为解决司机在开车时使用手机造成分心从而引发交通事故的问题,纽约的立法者提出使用Textalyzer这一设备来监控司机在开车的时候是否使用了手机。故B项最适合作本文标题。A项"开车还是不开?三思而行"和C项"纽约禁止司机使用手持设备"对关键信息Textalyzer未提及,D项"下一代手机:Textalyzer"则完全误解了Textalyzer的作用。
12．答案：B
解析：理解具体信息。题干问的是"作者想要通过讲芝麻菜的故事表达什么?"。根据题干可将解题信息定位于文章的第一段。根据第一段的最后一句可知, 更糟糕的是, 作者不假思索地买了太多东西; 作者本可以用扔掉的东西做六份沙拉。由此可知, 我们有时会无意中浪费食物。故选B项。
13．答案：B
解析：理解具体信息。题干问的是"根据文本内容, 食物浪费的一个后果是什么?"。根据题干可将解题信息定位于文章的第三段。根据第三段第一句可知, 生产没人吃的食物会浪费种植食物所消耗的水、燃料和其他资源, 这使得食物浪费成为一个环境问题。由此可知, 食物浪费的一个后果是环境危害。故选B项。
14．答案：D
解析：推断。题干问的是"Curtin的公司是做什么的?"。根据题干可将解题信息定位于文章的第四段。根据第四段中的"Curtin is in fields"可知, 该公司回收食物并将其转变为健康食品。它通过接受捐赠和收集有瑕疵的农产品, 回收了超过807500磅的食物, 否则这些农产品会在地里腐烂。由此可推知, Curtin的公司把一些人们不需要的东西变成可以吃的健康食物。故选D项。
15．答案：A
解析：推断。题干问的是"Curtin建议人们做什么?"。根据题干可将解题信息定位于文章的最后一段。根据最后一段中Curtin说的话可推知, Curtin建议人们减少食物浪费。故选A项。
16．答案：D
解析：理解词汇。读题:题干问"第二段中画线短语shine thrugh是什么意思"。A项"似乎不太可能长久";B项"似乎难以解释";C项"准备好使用";D项"变得容易被注意到"。解题:本段第一句谈到当阅读几百字或更多字的文本时,有纸化学习通常比在屏幕上学习更成功,接着谈到大量的研究证实了这一发现。故画线短语所在部分应该是指从提出简单的任务转向需要抽象思维的任务时,这种有纸化阅读的好处尤其明显,也就是说很容易被注意到,答案为D。
17．答案：A
解析：理解具休信息。读题:题干问" '浅化假说'假定了什么"。A项"读者轻率对待电子文本";B项"电子文本更容易理解";C项"人们随机选择电子文本";D项"电子文本适用于社交媒体"。解题:根据题干中的shallwing hypthesis可以将答案定位在第四段中。根据第四段中的"which are ften nt s serius"以及"devte less mental effrt"可知在对待电子文本的时候,读者通常不是很严肃,同时比阅读纸质文本时投入的精力要少,即读者对电子文本不是很重视,答案为A。
18．答案：A
解析：理解具体信息。读题:题干问"为什么音频和视频越来越多地被大学教师使用"。A项"它们可以吸引学生的注意力";B项"它们准备起来更方便";C项"它们帮助培养先进技能";D项"它们比文本提供更多信息"。解题:根据题干可将解题信息定位在第五段。本段第一句谈到音频和视频比文字更吸引人,所以大学教师越来越多地改用这些技术,故选A。
19．答案：C
解析：推断。最后一段首先谈到电子文本、音频和视频都具有教育作用,特别是在提供纸质文本无法提供的资源时。"Hwever"后提到为了最大限度地进行需要集中注意力和反思的学习,教育者不应该假设所有媒体都是一样的,即使它们包含相同的词汇。这与倒数第二段最后一句中的信息意思一致:当成年人阅读新闻故事时,他们比听或看相同的片段能记住更多内容,也就是说有纸化学习在教育中是不能完全被取代的,答案为C。A项"学生们应该应用多种学习技巧";B项"教师应制作自己的教材";C项"纸质文本在教育中是不能完全被取代的";D项"课堂外的教育不容忽视"。
20．答案：D
解析：理解具体信息。根据第一段中的"says Abby Jaramill, wh with anther teacher started Urban Spruts"可知,Abby Jaramill是Urban Spruts项目的创始人之一。故D项正确。
21．答案：C
解析：理解具体信息。本题问的是在这个项目初创时Jaramill面临的一个问题是什么。根据第二段中的"The t us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful" "sme are ff by the dirt"可知,这个项目刚开始时面临的一个问题就是她的一些学生不喜欢干菜园的活儿。故C项正确。A项(学生家长不信任她)、B项(学生们没时间上她的课)和D项(没有空间给学校开辟菜园)在原文中都没有提及。
22．答案：A
解析：推断。根据最后一段可知,这个学校菜园项目不仅能让学生吃得更有营养,而且还让那些有情绪控制问题的学生感到成功。由此可推知,该项目的影响是深远的。故A项正确。
23．答案：C
解析：理解文章主旨要义。通读全文可知,本文主要讲述了AbbyJaramill发起Urban Spruts 项目,带领学生种植蔬菜,学生们开始对园艺感兴趣的故事。因此C项"蔬菜种植爱好者"适合作为本文标题。
24．答案：B
解析：理解具体信息。根据第一段内容可知,养牛业数十年来依靠低端科技,但是现在却面临劳动力短缺的问题。故B项正确。
25．答案：A
解析：理解具体信息。根据第二段中的"The quality f grassland will be tracked by mnitring the shape, clr and texture(质地) f grass"可知,通过监测草的形状、颜色和质地可以跟踪草场质量。故机器人能够监测草的质量。故A项正确。
26．答案：B
解析：理解具体信息。根据第四段中的"But Bnds desn't believe a rbt is right fr the that the best way t check cattle is with a man n a hrse"可知,他认为机器人不适合做这份工作,最好的方法仍然是通过人力来完成。故B项正确。
27．答案：D
解析：理解具体信息。根据第五段中的"a rbt culd be extremely useful given rising cncerns abut cattle theft"可知,机器人在防止牛被盗方面非常有用。故D项正确。
28．答案： C
解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段"In the wrng hands, such a bk culd prve as cmplicated t prcess as the cmputer cde(代码) that pwers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has mre than tw decades' prfessinal experience translating the heady int the understandable."可知，如果写书的人不像Campbell那样专业，这本书可能会像人工智能的计算机代码一样复杂。If written by smene less cmpetent(如果写书的人能力不足)与划线短语含义相近。故选C。
29．答案： B
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段"She writes frm the practical angle f a business persn rather than as an academic, making fr a guide which is highly accessible and infrmative"可知，这本书采用了一种接地气的写作风格。故选B。
30．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。​根据第三段"She says it is essential that we keep cntrl f artificial intelligence"和第四段"Campbell's pint is t wake up thse respnsible fr AI—the technlgy cmpanies and wrld leaders—s they are n the same page as all the experts currently develping it."可知，Campbell建议人工智能的负责人和专家联合起来，控制人工智能的发展。故选C。
31．答案： A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"AI will affect us all, and if yu nly read ne bk n the subject, this is it."可知，本文主要推荐了一本关于人工智能的书。故选A。
Time
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