2022年高考英语定语从句高考英语陷阱题总结归纳定语从句-强化训练-附详解牛津版

这是一份2022年高考英语定语从句高考英语陷阱题总结归纳定语从句-强化训练-附详解牛津版，共17页。
A. which was B. it was C. which were D. them were
【陷阱】容易误选A或B，将A、B中的 which 和 it 误认为是其后句子的主语。
【分析】最佳答案是C，arund which were high muntains 是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是 high muntains，arund which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数 was.请做以下类例题目（答案均为C）：
（1） Yesterday we visited a mdern hspital, arund _______ sme fruit shps.
A. which is B. it is C. which are D. them are
（2） The murder happened in an ld building, beside ______ the city plice statin.
A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are
（3） Next mnth we’ll mve t a new building, next t _______ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese fd.
A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are
2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hspital arund ______ I can get sme medicine fr my wunded hand？”
A. that B. which C. where D. what
【陷阱】容易误选 B，认为 arund 是介词，选 which 用以代替前面的名词 hspital，在此用作介词 arund 的宾语。
【分析】最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错，但问题是，照此分析，此句的意思即为：有没有这样一个医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选 C 的理由是：句中的 arund 不是介词，而是副词，意为“在附近”；其后的 where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词 hspital，句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤？
3. _____ is knwn t everybdy, the mn travels rund the earth nce every mnth.
A. It B. As C. That D. What
【陷阱】容易误选 A，认为此处应填一个形式主语。
【分析】最佳答案是 B。as 引导的是一个非限制性定语从句。比较下面一题：
_______ is knwn t everybdy that the mn travels rund the earth nce every mnth.
A. It B. As C. That D. What
此题答案选 A，it 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的 that 从句。
再比较下面一组题，其中第（1）题选 B，第（2）题选 D：
（1） ______ is mentined abve, the number f the students in senir schl is increasing.
A. Which B. As C. That D. It
（2） ______ is mentined abve that the number f the students in senir schl is increasing.
A. Which B. As C. That D. It
4. David is such a gd by _______ all the teachers like.
A. that B. wh C. as D. whm
【陷阱】此题容易误选A，许多同学一看到题干中的such，再联系到选项中的 that，便认为这是考查such … that …句式。况且，这样理解意思也还通顺。
【分析】最佳答案为C，不是A，因为在such … that … （如此……以至……）结构中，that 引导的是结果状语从句，并且 that 在从句中不充当句子成分，若在上句填入 such … that …，句末的动词 like 缺宾语。选C的理由如下：as 用作关系代词，用以引导定语从句，修饰其前的名词 by，同时 as 在定语从句中用作动词 like 的宾语，句意为“所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩”。有的同学可能还会问，假若选A，能否将其后的 that 视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢？不能，因为当先行词受到 such 的修饰时，其后的定语从句应用关系代词 as 来引导，而不用that.比较下面一题，答案为A，因为 like 后有自己的宾语 him：
David is such a gd by _______ all the teachers like him.
A. that B. wh C. as D. whm
请再做以下试题（答案选D）：
It was nt such a gd dinner _______ she had prmised us.
A. like B. that C. which D. as
5. The buses, mst f _______ were already full, were surrunded by an angry crwd.
A. that B. it C. them D. which
【陷阱】容易误选 C，用 them 代指 the buses.
【分析】最佳答案是D。mst f which were already full 为非限制性定语从句，修饰 the buses.类似地，以下各题也选D：
（1） His huse, fr _______ he paid $10, 000, is nw wrth $50, 000.
A. that B. it C. them D. which
（2） Ashdwn frest, thrugh _______ we’ll be driving, isn’t a frest any lnger.
A. that B. it C. them D. which
（3） This I did at nine ’clck, after _______ I sat reading the paper.
A. that B. it C. them D. which
类似地，以下各题选 whm，不选 them：
（4） Gerge, with _______ I played tennis n Sundays, was a warm-hearted persn.
A. that B. him C. them D. whm
（5） Her sns, bth f ______ wrk abrad, will cme back hme this summer.
A. that B. wh C. them D. whm
（6） I met the fruit-pickers, several f _______ were still university students.
A. that B. wh C. them D. whm
6. He had thusands f students, many f ______ gained great success in their wn field.
A. whm B. them C. which D. wh
【陷阱】容易误选 B，用 them 代指 students.
【分析】最佳答案是A，many f whm gained great success in their wn field 为非限制性定语从句。假若在many f… 的前面加上连词and，则选答案B.比较以下各题（答案均选A）：
（1） He asked a lt f questins, nne f ______ was easy t answer.
A. which B. them C. what D. that
（2） He asked a lt f questins, and nne f ______ was easy t answer.
A. them B. which C. what D. that
（3） He tld me that he had tw girl-friends, neither f _______ knew anything abut the ther.
A. whm B. them C. which D. wh
（4） He tld me that he had tw girl-friends, and neither f _______ knew anything abut the ther.
A. them B. whm C. which D. wh
7. He had a lt f friends, nly a few f ______ invited t his wedding.
A. whm B. them C. which D. wh
【陷阱】容易误选 A，认为这是非限制性定语从句。
【分析】最佳答案是B，这不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词 invited 并不是一个完整的谓语，而是一个过去分词。当然，假若在 invited 前加上助动词 were，则是一个非限制性定语从句，答案便应选A.比较：
（1） They put frward a lt f plans at the meeting, nne f _______ carried ut in their wrk.
A. which B. them C. what D. that
答案选B，nne f them carried ut in their wrk 是独立主格结构，其中的 carried ut 为过去分词。
（2） They put frward a lt f plans at the meeting, nne f _______ were carried ut in their wrk.
A. which B. them C. what D. that
答案选A，nne f them were carried ut in their wrk 是非限制性定语从句，注意与上例比较句中多了一个助动词were.
（3） They put frward a lt f plans at the meeting, but nne f _______ were carried ut in their wrk.
A. which B. them C. what D. that
答案选B，由于两句之间增加了一个并列连词but，使得该句成了一个并列句。
8. On Sundays there were a lt f children playing in the park, _______ parents seated tgether jking.
A. their B. whse C. which D. that
【陷阱】容易误选B，认为这是非限制性定语从句。
【分析】最佳答案是A.与上面一题相似，their parents seated tgether jking 不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词 seated 不是谓语，而是一个过去分词，因为 seat 作动词用时，是及物动词。比较以下相似题：
（1） On Sundays there were a lt f children playing in the park, _______ parents were seated tgether jking.
A. their B. whse C. which D. that
选B.whse parents were seated tgether jking 为非限制性定语从句，因为其后有完整的谓语 were seated.
（2） On Sundays there were a lt f children playing in the park, and _______ parents were seated tgether jking.
A. their B. whse C. which D. that
选A.因为句中有并列连词and，整个句子为并列句。
（3） On Sundays there were a lt f children playing in the park, _______ parents sitting tgether jking.
A. their B. whse C. which D. that
选A.their parents sitting tgether jking 为独立主格结构。
（4） On Sundays there were a lt f children playing in the park, _______ parents sat tgether jking.
A. their B. whse C. which D. that
选B.whse parents sat tgether jking 为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语 sat.
（5） On Sundays there were a lt f children playing in the park, _______ parents were sitting tgether jking.
A. their B. whse C. which D. that
选B.whse parents were sitting tgether jking 为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语 were sitting.
9. If the man is nly interested in yur lks, _____ just shws hw shallw he is.
A. as B. which C. what D. that
【陷阱】容易误选A或B，误这是非限制性定语从句。
【分析】正确答案为D，注意逗号前是一个条件状语从句，逗号后是该状语从句的主句，that 在此代表前文所述的情况，用作主句的主语。类似地，下面几道题也选 that，而不选 which：
（1） If yu prmise t g with us, _____ will be OK.
A. as B. which C. and it D. that
（2） If yu want a duble rm, _____ will cst anther ￡15.
A. as B. which C. what D. that
（3） Whether yu g r nt, _______ is quite all right with me.
A. that B. which C. and it D. s
（4） When I say tw hurs, _____ includes time fr eating.
A. as B. which C. what D. that
10. She says that she’ll never frget the time ________ she’s spent wrking as a secretary in ur cmpany.
A. which B. when C. hw D. where
【陷阱】容易误选B，机械地认为时间名词后必须用关系副词when，地点名词后用关系副词 where.
【分析】正确答案为A.在时间名词和地点名词后是否用关系副词要看它在定语从句中充当什么句子成分。一般说来，若用作主语或宾语，用关系代词；若用作状语，则用关系副词。上面一题中的动词 spent 缺宾语，故应用关系代词 which或that.比较下面一题，由于空格后的句子不缺少主语或宾语，所以选关系副词when：
She says that she’ll never frget the time ________ she wrks as a secretary in ur cmpany.
A. which B. when C. hw D. where
请再做一组试题（答案均选A）：
（1） Our cmpany will mve t a tall building _______ we bught last mnth.
A. which B. when C. hw D. where
选A，which 在定语从句中用作动词 bught 的宾语。
（2） Our cmpany will mve t a tall building _______ has just been cmplete.
A. which B. when C. hw D. where
选A，which 在定语从句中用作主语。
（3） Our cmpany will mve t a tall building _______ we wrked tw years ag.
A. where B. when C. that D. which
选A，where 在定语从句中用作状语。
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1. All f the flwers nw raised here have develped frm thse _______ in the frest.
A. nce they grew B. they grew nce C. they nce grew D. nce grew
2. In the ffice I never seem t have time until after 5：30 pm, _____ many peple have gne hme.
A. that B. which C. whse time D. by which time
3. Is this the reasn _______ at the meeting fr his carelessness in his wrk？
A. he explained B. what he explained C. hw he explained D. why he explained
4. Luckily, we’d brught a rad map withut ______ we wuld have lst ur way.
A. it B. that C. this D. which
5. When he was wrking there he caught a serius illness frm _____ effrts he still suffers.
A. which B. that C. whse D. what
6. It’s said that he’s lking fr a new jb, ne ______ he can get mre mney t supprt his family.
A. when B. where C. that D. which
7. We are living in an age ______ many things are dne n cmputer.
A. which B. that C. whse D. when
8. The little time we have tgether we’ll try _____ wisely.
A. spending it B. t spend it C. t spend D. spending that
9. The ld building, behind _______ was a famus church, was _______ we used t wrk.
A. that, the place B. it, the place C. which, where D. what, where
10. We will be shwn arund the city： schls, museums, and sme ther places, _______ ther visitrs seldm g.
A. what B. which C. where D. when
11. The mdern histry f Italy dates frm 1860, ______ the cuntry became united.
A. when B. if C. since D. until
12. All f the flwers nw raised here have develped frm thse _____ in the frest.
A. nce they grew B. they grew nce C. that nce grew D. nce grew
13. Yu culd see the runners very well frm ______ we std.
A. which B. where C. that D. when
14. Recently I bught an ancient Chinese vase, _______ was very reasnable.
A. which price B. the price f which C. its price D. the price f whse
15. What have yu gt _____ will help a cld？
A. what B. that C. it D. wh
16. He was very angry and I can still remember the way _____ he spke t me.
A. hw B. that C. what D. which
17. D yu knw the man frm ________ huse the pictures were stlen？
A. which B. that C. what D. whse
18. I can think f many cases _______ students bviusly knew a lt f English wrds and expressins but culdn’t write a gd essay.
A. why B. which C. as D. where
19. Is this all that yu need？ If yu married me, I’d give yu everything yu _____.
A. want B. wanted C. had wanted D. are wanting
20. I met the teacher in the street yesterday ________ taught me English three years ag.
A. which B. when C. where D. wh
21. He’s gt himself int a dangerus situatin _____ he is likely t lse cntrl ver the plane.
A. where B. which C. while D. why
22. He made anther wnderful discvery, ______ f great imprtance t science.
A. which I think is B. which I think it is C. which I think it D. I think is
23. Drthy was always speaking highly f her rle in the play, ____, f curse, made the thers unhappy.
A. wh B. which C. this D. what
24. Their prblem tday is smewhat similar t _____ they faced many years ag.
A. that B. which C. that which D. it
25. I saw sme trees the leaves f _____ were black with disease.
A. that B. which C. it D. what
26. The famus basketballer, _______ tried t make a cmeback, attracted a lt f attentin.
A. where B. when C. which D. wh
27. When they went int the shp and asked t lk at the engagement rings, the girl brught ut a cheaper ne, _______ she had arranged with James.
A. the which was what B. what was that C. which was what D. that was that

◆答案与解析◆
1. 选 C.先行词是 thse，可视为 thse flwers 之省略。they nce grew 前省略了关系代词 which.全句意为：这儿所养的花是由他们曾在森林里种植的花培养出来的。
2. 选D.by which time 引出的是一个非限制性定语从句，其中 by which time 相当于 and by that time.
3. 选 A.注意不能选 D，因为动词 explained 缺宾语。
4. 选 D.which 指 the rad map.
5. 选C.frm whse effrts he still suffers 为修饰 a serius illness 的定语从句，whse 在定语从句中用作定语，修饰 effrts.
6. 选B.where 引导定语从句修饰 ne.注：ne 在此指 a new jb.类似地，下面一题的答案是C，因为ne that 相当于 a prblem that：
The prblem is _____ has caused us a lt f truble.
A. ne B. that
C. ne that D. that ne
7. 选 D.先行词是表时间的 age（时代），由于关系词在定语从句中作状语，故用 when.
8. 选C.该句的正常词序为 We will try t spend the little time we have tgether wisely.
9. 选C.第一空填 which，指 the ld building；第二空填 where，用以引导表语从句。
10. 选 C.先行词是地点名词 places，由于关系词在定语从句中作状语，故用 where.
11. 选A.when 引导的是非限制性定语从句。
12. 选C.that nce grew in the frest 为修饰 thse 的定语从句。
13. 选B.where 在此相当于 the place where.
14. 选 B.the price f which was very reasnable 为非限制性定语从句，其中的 the price f which 相当于 and its price 或 and the price f it.假若空格前有并列连词 and，则可选 C.
15. 选B.that will help a cld 为修饰 what 的定语从句。比较：Have yu gt anything that will help a cld？ 以及 I’ve gt nthing that will help a cld.
16. 选B.the way 后不接hw 引导的从句，换句说，hw 不是关系代词或关系副词，不能引导定语从句。以the way 为先行词的定语从句通常用 that 或 in which 来引导，在非正式文体中也可省略 that 和 in which.
17. 选D.frm whse huse the pictures were stlen 为修饰 the man 的定语从句，whse 在定语从句中用作定语，修饰 huse.
18. 选 D.先行词是 many cases，关系副词 where =in which.
19. 选A.尽管句中用了 if yu married me, I’d give yu everything 这样的虚拟语气句子，但修饰everything 的定语从句 （that） yu want 却要用陈述语语气，因为它是回答前面 Is this all that yu need？ 这一提问的。
20. 选 D.因定语从句缺主语，且关系代词指人，故选D.
21. 选A.where 所引导的为修饰 a dangerus situatin 的定语从句。
22. 选 A.选项中的 I think 是插入语，若略去不看便可清楚地看出答案。
23. 选 B.f curse 为插入语，若将项其去掉，则答案显然是B.
24. 选C.that which相当于 the prblem which.
25. 选B.the leaves f which 相当于 whse leaves.
26. 选 D.先行词是 The famus basketballer（著名的篮球明星），故要用 wh 来引导定语从句，因为其余三项均不用于指人。
27. 选 C.which 引导一个非限制性定语从句，其中 which 指代 a cheaper ne，且在定语从句中用作主语。which was what 中的 what引导一个表语从句，它相当于 the ne that.