高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters课文ppt课件

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters课文ppt课件，共23页。PPT课件主要包含了定语从句之关系代词，关系词之重难点辨析等内容，欢迎下载使用。
学习目标：1.定语从句的特殊用法。2.定语从句中关系代词的作用。学习重难点：1.定语从句结构的分析。2.定语从句关系代词的选择。
The man wh ran fastest
先行词(antecedent)
关系词(relatives)
定语从句(Attributive Clause)
一、先行词：定语从句修饰的名词或者代词二、定语从句：修饰名词或代词的句子三、关系词（that wh whm which whse where when why）
The man wh gave me an apple is a teacher.I lve the stry that Amy wrte yesterday
找出先行词、关系词、定语从句1. She is a girl wh/that is always helping thers. She is a girl wh/that is always helping thers. 先行词指人，在从句中做主语，关系代词用wh/that2.The man wh/whm/that yu saw just nw is ur manager. The man wh/whm/that yu saw just nw is ur manager. 先行词指人，在从句中做宾语，关系代词用wh/whm/that/省略3. Dn't cut dwn the tree which/ that gives yu shade(阴凉). Dn't cut dwn the tree which/ that gives yu shade(阴凉). 先行词指物，在从句中做主语，关系代词用which/that4.This is the bk which/that I bught yesterday. This is the bk which/that I bught yesterday. 先行词指物，在从句中做宾语，关系代词用which/that/省略
主语 用wh/that
宾语 用wh/whm/that/省略
主语 用which/that
宾语 用which/that/省略
1.先行词一定是名词或者是代词.
2. 关系词处在先行词和定语从句之间
3.从句一般情况下都紧在先行词之后.
宜用 that 不宜用 which 引导定语从句的情况① 当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the mst exciting film that I have ever seen. 这是我看过的最令人兴奋的电影。② 当先行词是 all，little，few，much，any ，everything，anything，nthing，nne 等不定代词或被不定代词修饰时。 All that we needed is time 我们所需要的只有时间③ 当先行词被 the nly，the very，the last，the same 等修饰时。 This is the nly bk that I want t read. 这是我唯一想读的一本书。④ 当先行词既包括人又包括物时。They talked f things and persns that they remembered. 他们谈论着他们记得的人和事。⑤ 当主句是以 which 开头的特殊疑问句时。Which are the bks that yu bught fr me?哪些是你买给我的书？
用which不用that的情况①关系代词前有介词时。The huse in which I used t live has becme a she shp.我过去住的房子现在已经变成了一家鞋店。②在非限制性定语从句中。Have yu ever read the bk，which was written by a yung girl?你读过这本由一个年轻女孩写的书了吗？③先行词本身就是that时。What’s that which flashed in the sky just nw?刚才在天空中一闪而过的是什么？④关系代词后有插入语时。Here is the English grammar bk which，I think，can help imprve yur English.这就是那本我认为能帮你提高英语水平的英语语法书。
1. This is all ____ I knw abut the matter. A. that B. what C. wh D. whether2. Is there anything else _____ yu require? A. which B. that C. wh D. what3. The last place _____ we visited was the Great Wall. A. which B. that C. where D. it
考点一:that 与which 的区别
4. He talked happily abut the men and bks_____ interested him greatly in the schl. A. which B. that C. it D. whm5. There is n dictinary _____ yu can find everything.A. that B. which C. where D. in that
6. Is xygen the nly gas _____ helps fire burn? A. that B. / C. which D. it
7. Which was the htel _____ was recmmended t yu? A. that B. which C. where D. it
先行词被all, little, much, every, n, 等修饰时
先行词被序数词或最高级修饰；先行词前有序数词(the first),形容词最高级(the best), the last, the very, the nly 等时。
若主句中有疑问代词 wh 或者 which，为了避免重复, 关系代词不要再用 wh, which，而用 that。
用 wh 不用 that 引导定语从句的情况① 先行词是指人的不定代词 ne/nes/anyne/n ne/nbdy/anybdy/nne/all Anyne wh breaks the law shuld be punished. 任何触犯法律的人都应受到惩罚。② 在 there be 结构中，先行词是人时。There is a man wh wants t see yu. 有个人想见你。③ 当先行词是 peple 和 thse 时。Thse wh learn nt nly frm the bks but als thrugh practice will succeed. 从书本和实践中学习的人将会成功。④ 一个句子中带有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是 that，另一个宜用 wh。The student that wn first prize is the mnitr wh wrks hard.获得第一名的学生是努力学习的班长。（5）当先行词是I，yu，he，they等人称代词时(常用于谚语中)。He wh desn’t reach the Great Wall is nt a true man.不到长城非好汉。
单句语法填空并作出简要分析（1） The first thing ________ yu shuld d is call the plice right away.（2） Ftball，________ is an interesting game，is very ppular all ver the wrld.（3） This is the mst delicius fd ________ I have ever had.（4） The students yu shuld learn frm are thse ________ graduated frm famus universities.（5） All ________ can be dne has been dne.（6）There is a yung lady ________ is in a state f shck.（7）Tell me everything ________ yu knw.（8）That ________ yu tld him is what we want t knw.
that不能引导非限制性定语从句
先行词被形容词最高级修饰
先行词是 thse（指人）
there be 结构中，先行词是人
先行词是 everything
whse 关系代词（关系形容词）既可指人又可指物，意为“…的” 在定语从句中作定语。She is the girl whse brther is studying abrad（指人，女孩的兄弟在国外学习）The rm whse windw faces suth is perfect （指物，房间的窗户朝南）Please pass me the bk whse cver is green.（指物，书的封皮是绿色）This is the persn whse stry surprised everybdy.The classrm whse dr is brken can hld 40 students.
whse =f which(指物)=f whm（指人）She is the girl whse brther is studying abrad=She is the girl f whm brther is studying abrad=She is the girl brther f whm is studying abradPlease pass me the bk whse cver is green.=Please pass me the bk f which cver is green.=Please pass me the bk cver f which is green.The classrm whse dr is brken can hld 40 students.=The classrm f which dr is brken can hld 40 students.=The classrm dr f which is brken can hld 40 students.
3 使用定语从句的注意事项（1）关系代词在定语从句中作主语，定语从句谓语动词要和先行词的数保持一致。The by wh is reading the stry is my brther.正在读这个故事的那个男孩是我弟弟。【误区警示】“ ne f ＋复数名词”作先行词，从句谓语动词用复数形式；“the nly ne f ＋复数名词”作先行词，从句谓语动词用单数形式。This is ne f the rms that are free nw. 这是目前空着的房间之一。He is the nly ne f thse wrkers wh is able t d this jb. 他是那些工人中唯一能做此工作的人。
（2）为避免关系词的重复，被关系代词所代替的先行词不可在从句中重复出现。也不能出现能替代的代词 This is the factry which we visited yesterday. 这是我们昨天参观的工厂 The film that /which we saw it last night was very frightening.The film (that /which) we saw last night was very frightening.
（3）关系代词省略关系代词作宾语时可以省略，作主语时不能省略。The service （which/that） the students cmplain abut shuld be imprved. 学生们抱怨的服务应该改进。 D yu remember the factry that was built last year in yur hmetwn? 你还记得你家乡去年建的那个工厂吗？ 作动词宾语的关系代词可以省略，不直接位于介词后的宾语可省略； 直接位于介词后，不能省略。It is a famus schl frm which he graduated 3 years ag.It is a famus schl（which） he graduated frm 3 years ag. which 在非限制性定语从句中不能省略。 This is the huse （which）we bught last mnth. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。The huse，which we bught last mnth is very nice. 这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性）
单句语法填空（1） The ld twn has small huses that ________（be）built clse t each ther.（2） I’m fnd f the piece f music which ________（be） ppular with the teenagers.（3） He is ne f the students wh ________（have）a gd cmmand f French.（4） He is the nly ne f the students wh ________（have）a gd cmmand f French.
1.We dn’t knw the number f peple lst their hmes in the want t g t the English party must be at the schl gate by 7∶30 first museum he visited in China was the Histry film yu are lking frward t seeing will be n tmrrw.5.I knw the persn huse was destryed in the is the tallest building Daming has seen ever since he came father bught a new bike fr me price added up t mre than 1,000 yuan.
8.She said she wuld d anything culd help her mther recver frm the has helped t save the drwning girl is wrth by and the dg are in the picture are very lvely.
1.当先行词被 the same修饰时，也可用that引导定语从向但指同一物，而不是同一类。This is the same bike____I lst tw mnths ag这就是两个月前我丢的一辆自行车。This is the same bike ___I lst tw mnths ag这辆自行车跟两个月前我丢的那辆一样。
(同样的自行车，但不是同一辆)